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Synthesiology”, a New Academic Journal

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Synthesiology”, a New Academic Journal MESSAGES FROM THE EDITORIAL BOARD There has been a wide gap between science and society. The last three hundred years of the history of modern science indicates to us that many research results disappeared or took a long time to become useful to society. Due to the difficulties of bridging this gap, this stage has been recently called the valley of death or the nightmare stage (Note 1). Rather than passively waiting, therefore, researchers and engineers who understand the potential of the research should actively try to bridge the gap. To bridge the gap, technology integration (i.e. Type 2 Basic Research − Note 2) of scientific findings for utilizing them in society, in addition to analytical research, has been one of the wheels of progress (i.e. Full Research − Note 3). Traditional journals, have been collecting much analytical type knowledge that is factual knowledge and establishing many scientific disciplines (i.e. Type 1 Basic Research − Note 4). Technology integration research activities, on the other hand, have been kept as personal know-how. They have not been formalized as universal knowledge of what ought to be done. As there must be common theories, principles, and practices in the methodologies of technology integration, we regard it as basic research. This is the reason why we have decided to publish “Synthesiology”, a new academic journal. Synthesiology is a coined word combining “synthesis” and “ology”. Synthesis which has its origin in Greek means integration. Ology is a suffix attached to scientific disciplines. Each paper in this journal will present scenarios selected for their societal value, identify elemental knowledge and/or technologies to be integrated, and describe the procedures and processes to achieve this goal. Through the publishing of papers in this journal, researchers and engineers can enhance the transformation of scientific outputs into the societal prosperity and make technical contributions to sustainable development. Efforts such as this will serve to increase the significance of research activities to society. We look forward to your active contributions of papers on technology integration to the journal. Addendum to Synthesiology-English edition, “Synthesiology-English edition” is a translated version of “Synthesiology”, which is published quarterly, ISSN 1882-6229, by AIST. Papers or articles published in “Synthesiology-English edition” appear approximately four months after the publication of the original “Synthesiology”. Those published in Japanese are translated into English, so the views expressed in translated versions are exclusively those of the Japanese authors and editors. The Japanese authors are generally consulted regarding the translation of their papers, but are not responsible for the published English version. Papers or articles in the “Synthesiology” originally submitted in English are also reproduced just as they were published in “Synthesiology”. Some papers or articles in “Synthesiology” are not translated due to the authors’ or editors’ judgement. Synthesiology Editorial Board (written in January, 2008) Note 1 : The period was named “nightmare stage” by Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, the then President of AIST, and historical scientist Joseph Hatvany. The “valley of death” was used by Vernon Ehlers in 1998 when he was Vice Chairman of US Congress, Science and Technology Committee. Lewis Branscomb, Professor emeritus of Harvard University, called this gap as “Darwinian sea” where natural selection takes place. Note 2 : Type 2 Basic Research This is a research type where various known and new knowledge is combined and integrated in order to achieve the specific goal that has social value. It also includes research activities that develop common theories or principles in technology integration. Note 3 : Full Research This is a research type where the theme is placed within the scenario toward the future society, and where framework is developed in which researchers from wide range of research fields can participate in studying actual issues. This research is done continuously and concurrently from Type 1 Basic Research (Note 4) to Product Realization Research (Note 5), centered by Type 2 Basic Research (Note 2). Note 4 : Type 1 Basic Research This is an analytical research type where unknown phenomena are analyzed, by observation, experimentation, and theoretical calculation, to establish universal principles and theories. Note 5 : Product Realization Research This is a research where the results and knowledge from Type 1 Basic Research and Type 2 Basic Research are applied to embody use of a new technology in the society. −i− Synthesiology - English edition Vol.7 No.1 (Jun. 2014) Contents Messages from the editorial board Research papers Open foundry to spur open-innovation 1 - 11 Establishment of a foundry to realize an innovative cooperation platform and development of its sustainable management strategy - - - H. AKINAGA Development of an advanced sewage sludge incinerator, “turbocharged fluidized bed incinerator” 12 - 21 The role of AIST in the development of a new system - - - Y. SUZUKI, T. MURAKAMI and A. KITAJIMA A novel material design system method for on-demand material development 22 - 29 A method born from a development field - - - T. INADA and T. MATSUO Towards large-capacity, energy-efficient, and sustainable communication networks 30 - 43 Network topology research for dynamic optical paths - - - K. ISHII, J. KURUMIDA and S. NAMIKI Editorial policy 44 - 45 Instructions for authors 46 - 47 Letter from the editor 48 −ii− Research paper Open foundry to spur open-innovation - Establishment of a foundry to realize an innovative cooperation platform and development of its sustainable management strategy- Hiro AKINAGA [Translation from Synthesiology, Vol.7, No.1, p.16-26 (2014)] Open foundries enable us to share cutting-edge equipment with global partners of industry-academia-government collaboration, and to promote interdisciplinary integration and job mobility among research personnel. Foundries have been established in many world-class public organizations, and are widely recognized as one of the most effective measures to spur R&D open-innovation. In this paper, the management strategy of the AIST open foundry, the Nano Processing Facility, is discussed. In this foundry, cooperation with users brings about the integration of R&D achievements and technologies. This paper also presents a scenario for sustainable development of the foundry as an eco-innovative cooperation system. Keywords : User foundry, interdisciplinary integration, human resource development, open-innovation, global cooperation platform, eco-innovation 1 Introduction – What is an open foundry? public institutions as the target of continuous budget allotment, and over 10 % of the total NNI investments are To promote R&D efficiently, a facility where researchers allotted to this target.[1] The characteristic infrastructures can share state-of-the-art devices and equipment and utilize were built at the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure its prototyping capabilities is important. In the 21st century Network (NNIN) of the National Science Foundation when the economy is globalizing rapidly, the necessity (NSF), the Nanoscale Science Research Center (NSRC) of has increased to progress from R&D to technological the Department of Energy (DOE), Center for Nanoscale development to commercialization, or to quickly transfer the Science and Technology (CNST) of the National Institute of research topics from the site of production to the site of R&D. Standards and Technology (NIST), and others. In the report that describes the policies and results of the NNI and the Today, R&D that must be done by a corporation and the space issues and guidelines for the year 2020, it is explained that in which businesses are conducted have increased. With such “these facilities must be expanded to provide prototyping a background, an open foundry, or a common-use facility capabilities that will accelerate the transition of research to share the state-of-the-art equipment, will function as an discoveries into innovative technologies.”[2] Also, further engine to shift the vector outward and open up space for the organization and advancement of the foundry function are companies that harbor inward-pointing vectors, as they seek positioned as one of the most important topics for the 2020. research and technological developments within themselves The reason for setting this as the most important topic is that and spend effort to build a mechanism only in closed space. “without (user facilities providing prototyping capabilities) Since nanotechnology is a core technology that cuts through facilitating the transition of science/engineering discovery an extremely wide range of research disciplines, a foundry into innovative technologies, continued support for nanoscale will contribute greatly to various industries. The foundry will science and engineering may be jeopardized.”[2] allow the universities and public research institutions to avoid owning expensive state-of-the-art equipment, and thereby In this paper, first, the types and functions of the foundries allowing them to efficiently manage their limited budget and operated by the public institutions, and the dilemma in to be able to promote interdisciplinary integration via the managing them are explained. Next, based on the analysis foundry. of the current status of the foundry managed by AIST, the scenario for the continuous growth of the foundry, and The open foundry
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