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Synthesiology”, a New Academic Journal
MESSAGES FROM THE EDITORIAL BOARD There has been a wide gap between science and society. The last three hundred years of the history of modern science indicates to us that many research results disappeared or took a long time to become useful to society. Due to the difficulties of bridging this gap, this stage has been recently called the valley of death or the nightmare stage (Note 1). Rather than passively waiting, therefore, researchers and engineers who understand the potential of the research should actively try to bridge the gap. To bridge the gap, technology integration (i.e. Type 2 Basic Research − Note 2) of scientific findings for utilizing them in society, in addition to analytical research, has been one of the wheels of progress (i.e. Full Research − Note 3). Traditional journals, have been collecting much analytical type knowledge that is factual knowledge and establishing many scientific disciplines (i.e. Type 1 Basic Research − Note 4). Technology integration research activities, on the other hand, have been kept as personal know-how. They have not been formalized as universal knowledge of what ought to be done. As there must be common theories, principles, and practices in the methodologies of technology integration, we regard it as basic research. This is the reason why we have decided to publish “Synthesiology”, a new academic journal. Synthesiology is a coined word combining “synthesis” and “ology”. Synthesis which has its origin in Greek means integration. Ology is a suffix attached to scientific disciplines. Each paper in this journal will present scenarios selected for their societal value, identify elemental knowledge and/or technologies to be integrated, and describe the procedures and processes to achieve this goal. -
Some Observations on the Weddings of Tokugawa Shogun╎s
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations School of Arts and Sciences October 2012 Some Observations on the Weddings of Tokugawa Shogun’s Daughters – Part 1 Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc Part of the Asian Studies Commons, Economics Commons, Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Seigle, Cecilia S. Ph.D., "Some Observations on the Weddings of Tokugawa Shogun’s Daughters – Part 1" (2012). Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations. 7. https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc/7 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc/7 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Some Observations on the Weddings of Tokugawa Shogun’s Daughters – Part 1 Abstract In this study I shall discuss the marriage politics of Japan's early ruling families (mainly from the 6th to the 12th centuries) and the adaptation of these practices to new circumstances by the leaders of the following centuries. Marriage politics culminated with the founder of the Edo bakufu, the first shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542-1616). To show how practices continued to change, I shall discuss the weddings given by the fifth shogun sunaT yoshi (1646-1709) and the eighth shogun Yoshimune (1684-1751). The marriages of Tsunayoshi's natural and adopted daughters reveal his motivations for the adoptions and for his choice of the daughters’ husbands. The marriages of Yoshimune's adopted daughters show how his atypical philosophy of rulership resulted in a break with the earlier Tokugawa marriage politics. -
Representations of Pleasure and Worship in Sankei Mandara Talia J
Mapping Sacred Spaces: Representations of Pleasure and Worship in Sankei mandara Talia J. Andrei Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Columbia University 2016 © 2016 Talia J.Andrei All rights reserved Abstract Mapping Sacred Spaces: Representations of Pleasure and Worship in Sankei Mandara Talia J. Andrei This dissertation examines the historical and artistic circumstances behind the emergence in late medieval Japan of a short-lived genre of painting referred to as sankei mandara (pilgrimage mandalas). The paintings are large-scale topographical depictions of sacred sites and served as promotional material for temples and shrines in need of financial support to encourage pilgrimage, offering travelers worldly and spiritual benefits while inspiring them to donate liberally. Itinerant monks and nuns used the mandara in recitation performances (etoki) to lead audiences on virtual pilgrimages, decoding the pictorial clues and touting the benefits of the site shown. Addressing themselves to the newly risen commoner class following the collapse of the aristocratic order, sankei mandara depict commoners in the role of patron and pilgrim, the first instance of them being portrayed this way, alongside warriors and aristocrats as they make their way to the sites, enjoying the local delights, and worship on the sacred grounds. Together with the novel subject material, a new artistic language was created— schematic, colorful and bold. We begin by locating sankei mandara’s artistic roots and influences and then proceed to investigate the individual mandara devoted to three sacred sites: Mt. Fuji, Kiyomizudera and Ise Shrine (a sacred mountain, temple and shrine, respectively). -
Iai – Naginata
Editor: Well House, 13 Keere Street, Lewes, East Sussex, England No. 301 Summer 2012 Takami Taizō - A Remarkable Teacher (Part Three) by Roald Knutsen In the last Journal I described something of Takami-sensei’s ‘holiday’ with the old Shintō- ryū Kendō Dōjō down at Charmouth in West Dorset. The first week to ten days of that early June, in perfect weather, we all trained hard in the garden of our house and on both the beach and grassy slopes a few minutes away. The main photo above shows myself, in jōdan-no-kamae against Mick Greenslade, one of our early members, on the cliffs just east of the River Char. The time was 07.30. It is always interesting to train in the open on grass, especially if the ground slopes away! Lower down, we have a pic taken when the tide was out on Lyme Bay. Hakama had to be worn high or they became splashed and sodden very quickly. It is a pity that we haven’t more photos taken of these early practices. The following year, about the same date, four of us were again at Charmouth for a few days and I recall that we had just finished keiko on the sands at 06.30 when an older man, walking his dog, came along – and we were half Copyright © 2012 Eikoku Kendo Renmei Journal of the Eikoku Kendō Renmei No. 301 Summer 2012 a mile west towards the Black Ven (for those who know Charmouth and Lyme) – He paused to look at us then politely asked if we had been there the previous year? We answered in the affirmative, to which he raised his hat, saying: ‘One Sunday morning? I remember you well. -
Sacred Onsen Resort Bessho Onsen Magazine Sacred Place “Bessho”
BESSTORY SACRED ONSEN RESORT BESSHO ONSEN MAGAZINE SACRED PLACE “BESSHO” A sacred site of sun and earth The name ‘Bessho’ was what first caught my attention. looked for the glut of tourist shops, but instead found TIt has an unusual ring to it, rhythmic but sturdy, and it tempting arrays of local produce. I looked for the has an unusual meaning too. ‘A place apart’. A place kitschy souvenir food items, but saw only old ladies that is different, other, separate. chatting. I strolled through a seemingly endless Getting to this place apart wasn’t the trek I had collection of gently sloping streets, and from a small expected. All it involved was sitting for an hour and a bridge I gazed at the classic Japanese buildings and half amongst snoring businessmen on the Shinkansen the snow-brushed mountains that encircle the town. It from Tokyo to Ueda. The separate place of Bessho has was one of no less than 14 bridges that crisscross its own separate line: the aptly named Bessho Line, Bessho Onsen, and here there was no need to navigate which departs approximately every half hour from around couples posing for selfies. There were only Ueda. From the round windows of the train, I could mountains, and that sunset, which maintained its gaze at rice paddies, quiet towns, and the mountains splendour for longer than I expect of sunsets. that creep at the edges of the landscape. Thirty Before arrival, I had planned for three days in a minutes later, I had arrived at Bessho Onsen Station. -
KUSUNOKI MASASHIGE Aids GODAIGO
KUSUNOKI MASASHIGE Aids GODAIGO - The Death of KAMAKURA See "GOTOBA and GEN-RYAKU KYOTO" for a history of the HOJO/KAMAKURA power play GODAIGO's Dream (from the book: sho-shin, Appraisal & Price - KOTO) After 150 years of absolute HOJO rule stationed comfortably at KAMAKURA, a capitol of over one million, - with its shinning palaces, state houses, homes of nobility, its villas, and the full running financial engine of Japan's wealth and elite, - Emperor GODAIGO awoke, in far-a-way KYOTO, from a dream... He dreamt a KUSUNOKI "Camphor Tree" had provided shelter. This story begins with the 500 warriors that rallied under the vision of one SAMURAI, a vision seen only through squinting eyes. That they few might prevail - against the vast architecture of HOJO power; - by running in the delighted laughter of the Seven Gods ...with an Emperor's dream GODAIGO-SAMA KUSUNOKI MASASHIGE accepted the appeal for assistance from GODAIGO who had fled KYOTO to Mt. KASAGI on the YAMATO border. The HOJO BAKUFU, chasing GODAIGO, had attacked the wrong Temple, which then helped clarify sides. It was the warrior-monks, scattered Imperialists and their Emperor running amok in the mountains. MASASHIGE stretched his gambit with creative warfare. He built AKASAKA in KAWACHI and defended it with hidden flank attacks, huge rolling logs and the liberal use of boiling pitch and water. On the last night, sneaking off small groups, he buffaloed the entire HOJO force by leaving a gigantic and dramatically set funeral pyre with one sobbing attendant claiming the great KUSUNOKI Clan had found their destiny with mass suicide. -
Shizuoka Prefecture
Japan Credit 26 February 2019 Japanese report: 25 February 2019 (DSCR3183) Shizuoka Prefecture Why Shizuoka became one of Japan's leading prefectures for manufacturing Credit Memorandum JCRE443 Tokugawa Ieyasu retired to Sunpu Castle in Shizuoka Prefecture after yielding FICC Research Dept. power to his son in 1605. The prefecture, known for its mild climate and scenic beauty, is one of Japan's leading prefectures in terms of manufacturing. Its favorable location, between Tokyo area and Nagoya area, the early completion of the Tomei Expressway, and abundant water resources have contributed to the Senior Credit Analyst development of manufacturing in the prefecture. Kouji Hamada (81) 3 5555-8791 The prefecture is also the birthplace of Japan's motorcycle industry, the [email protected] top-ranking one in Japan for seven straight years in terms of the total value of output of pharmaceuticals and medical equipment, and Japan's leading one in terms of pulp and paper production. Daiwa Securities Co. Ltd. Tokugawa Ieyasu yielded The Edo era, which lasted 265 years (1603-1868), started when Tokugawa Ieyasu was power to his son after appointed shogun (generalissimo) and established the Tokugawa Shogunate in Edo two years (current Tokyo) in 1603. However, just two years later, in 1605, he named his son Hidetada to the shogunate. Ieyasu took control after winning the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, after the leader Toyotomi Hideyoshi died, but members of the Toyotomi clan remained in Osaka. Ieyasu's early retirement was apparently a declaration that he did not intend to return power to the Toyotomi clan. -
Iai – Naginata
Editor: Well House, 13 Keere Street, Lewes, East Sussex, England No. 303 Spring 2015 Editorial It has been a year or so since the last Journal appeared, so apologies are in order. We think most members are aware of the number of domestic problems that interfered with the continuity, but pressure being brought to bear, here is a renewed effort. One of the chief duties of any proper Renmei is to encourage the members, old or new, with sound information in order to 'feed' their interest Since we cover a reasonably wide range of entities within the Bugei traditions – Kendō, Iai-jutsu, Naginata, occasionally Sō-jutsu, and general or specific historical subjects – it is a pretty broad mandate and we try our best despite sidetracking by the Internet and deep-rooted popular misconceptions deriving there from. Accordingly, we propose to use some material that has been written over the past few months on subjects that we normally wouldn't have covered only broadly. The first of these will examine the subjects of Kakegoe and Kiai, both of great importance in all the classical weaponed disciplines. We have tended in the past to slightly neglect Iai-jutsu but the subject, in itself, tends to be 'inward looking' as we are, within this Renmei, mostly concerned with one of the oldest transmissions, the Hasegawa Eishin-ryū, and not the modern popular forms of the Settai Iai-dō. We may touch on the background reasons for this at some point but, nonetheless, parts of what we might discuss will apply whether the Iai is old or modern. -
Catalogue 229 Japanese and Chinese Books, Manuscripts, and Scrolls Jonathan A. Hill, Bookseller New York City
JonathanCatalogue 229 A. Hill, Bookseller JapaneseJAPANESE & AND Chinese CHINESE Books, BOOKS, Manuscripts,MANUSCRIPTS, and AND ScrollsSCROLLS Jonathan A. Hill, Bookseller Catalogue 229 item 29 Catalogue 229 Japanese and Chinese Books, Manuscripts, and Scrolls Jonathan A. Hill, Bookseller New York City · 2019 JONATHAN A. HILL, BOOKSELLER 325 West End Avenue, Apt. 10 b New York, New York 10023-8143 telephone: 646-827-0724 home page: www.jonathanahill.com jonathan a. hill mobile: 917-294-2678 e-mail: [email protected] megumi k. hill mobile: 917-860-4862 e-mail: [email protected] yoshi hill mobile: 646-420-4652 e-mail: [email protected] member: International League of Antiquarian Booksellers, Antiquarian Booksellers’ Association of America & Verband Deutscher Antiquare terms are as usual: Any book returnable within five days of receipt, payment due within thirty days of receipt. Persons ordering for the first time are requested to remit with order, or supply suitable trade references. Residents of New York State should include appropriate sales tax. printed in china item 24 item 1 The Hot Springs of Atami 1. ATAMI HOT SPRINGS. Manuscript on paper, manuscript labels on upper covers entitled “Atami Onsen zuko” [“The Hot Springs of Atami, explained with illustrations”]. Written by Tsuki Shirai. 17 painted scenes, using brush and colors, on 63 pages. 34; 25; 22 folding leaves. Three vols. 8vo (270 x 187 mm.), orig. wrappers, modern stitch- ing. [ Japan]: late Edo. $12,500.00 This handsomely illustrated manuscript, written by Tsuki Shirai, describes and illustrates the famous hot springs of Atami (“hot ocean”), which have been known and appreciated since the 8th century. -
Bandits, Pirates, Merchants and Financiers
BANDITS, PIRATES, MERCHANTS AND FINANCIERS Bandits and Pirates Tosa Harbor was the base of the powerful Andô uji on the Tsugaru peninsula. As I discussed briefly in my “maritime” survey of Japanese history, the city reached the height of its prosperity in the fourteenth century, rivalling the prosperity of Hakata in northern Kyûshû. Tosa Harbor’s once lively downtown district has yielded to archaeologists large numbers of Chinese coins and porcelain as well as Koguryo (Korean) celadon. Indeed, from the fourteenth to the fifteenth centuries, Tosa Harbor may well have been the international hub of the north. To the far south, the city of Bônotsu on southern-most tip of Kyûshû welcomed many ships from the Asian continent from the twelfth century, and excavations in Kanzaki on the Ariake Bay have also uncovered large numbers of Chinese porcelains. But coastal towns are not the only places where Chinese porcelains have turned up. They have also been found in Niimi, up in the mountains of Okayama, demonstrating its close links to East Asia. But lurking beneath all these traces of trade lies a major problem for historians: what kind of political power guaranteed the flow of goods and bills of exchange? When “checks bounced,” or exchanges were deemed invalid, or when there was a dispute over bills, who could offer the guarantees that would resolve the disputes? The government at this time did not fulfill this function. The Imperial government in Kyôto, the military government in Kamakura, the managers of shôen and government lands focused their attention on the resolution of land disputes, 128 establishing procedures to handle such problems. -
Gifu Is Proud of Its Home-Style Cooking and Hokkaido Its Cra Smanship
English Gifu is proud of its home-style cooking and Hokkaido its crasmanship. Home-Style Aomori Akita Cooking Iwate Yamagata Miyagi Hokuriku Shinkansen Niigata Fukushima Kanazawa Tochigi Toyama Gunma Tokai-Hokuriku Expwy Ishikawa Nagano Ibaraki Panoramic Nighttime Meishin Expwy Saitama Fukui Tokyo View from Gifu Castle Yamanashi Tokyo Ayu (Sweetsh) Cuisine Herbal Cuisine Tottori Gifu Chiba Shiga Nagoya Gifu Nagara River is famous for Nagara River cormorant The city of Gifu is known as a treasury of medicinal herbs Kyoto Gifu- Nagoya Shimane Hyogo Kanagawa shing, which has a history going back some 1,300 years. provided by the surrounding natural environment. Herbal Okayama Hashima Aichi Shizuoka Shizuoka Enjoy the exquisite taste of ayu from the crystal clear cuisine prepared using lavish amounts of these herbs can be Hiroshima Osaka river in dishes the city’s restaurants are proud to serve. enjoyed at inns in Nagaragawa Onsen. (Reservation required.) JR Tokaido Main Line Yamaguchi Nara Mie Kagawa Tomei Expwy Tokushima Wakayama Fukuoka Chubu Centrair Tokaido Shinkansen Ehime Kochi Saga Int’l Airport Oita (Centrair) Nagasaki A City of Nagara River Kawaramachi Neighborhood Kumamoto Cormorant Fishing Kagoshima Miyazaki Attractions Ayu Confections Ayu Seaweed Rolls These signature Gifu confections are shaped like the This avorful food consists of tenderly stewed ayu ayu caught in the Nagara River. A variety of types are wrapped in seaweed. Okinawa available, including Turkish delight wrapped in sponge cake dough, roasted rice cakes, and rice biscuits. Getting to Gifu Crasmanship Handcras From Tokyo: Gifu Lanterns Shinkansen (Nozomi) JR Ltd. Exp. 18 min Train Tokyo Nagoya Gifu Gifu is where some of Japan’s best traditional lanterns 1 hr 40 min Meitetsu Ltd. -
Feudal Japan
The Japanese had a deep respect for nature due to their geography Tsunami Tsunami 2 • How do you think that played into their early religion? • How do you think that played into their early religion? • Polytheistic • SHINTOISM Yamato Period: 300-710 Began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture: Confucianism. Language Buddhism Chinese art & architecture. Strong Government “Great Kings” era Heian Period: 700’s-1100’s Characteristics: Growth of large estates.(Nobles) Arts & literature of China flourished. Elaborate court life [highly refined] . ETIQUETTE. Great novel The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu [1000 pgs.+] Heian Court Dress Tale of Genji (first novel) Tale of Genji Scroll (first novel) Heian Period: Selective Borrowing 1.Chinese writing. 2.Chinese artistic styles. 3.Buddhism [ZEN]. 4.BUT, not the Chinese civil service system! Feudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Europe: King Land - Fief Loyalty Land - Fief Loyalty Lord Lord Food Knight Knight Knight Protection Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant Feudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Japan: Shogun Land - Shoen Loyalty Land - Shoen Daimyo Daimyo Loyalty Samurai Samurai Samurai Food Protection Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant The emperor reigned, but did not always rule! Feudal Society Medieval Warriors vs. European knight Samurai Warrior Medieval Warriors vs. Knight’s Armor Samurai Armor Code of Bushido * Respect for