The Region begins to reduce the 1988 .1994 The PAHO Strategic Fund is established 2002 PAHO proposes the “Renewal of Primary The Directing Council approves the PAHO approves the Plan of Action PAHO approves the Strategy for During the 29th Pan American Sanitary spread of HIV in Latin America and the From Alma-Ata to Universal Health The PAHO Directing Council Poliomyelitis eradication in the Region as a regional technical cooperation Public Health in the Americas is published Health Care” plan, recognizing and Health and Human Rights Resolution for the Prevention and Control of Universal Access to Health and Conference, PAHO launches the Caribbean. recommends developing and of the Americas is certified. mechanism for pooled procurement of and promotes regional consensus by facilitating the essential role of PHC in (CD50.R8), committing themselves Noncommunicable Diseases 2014-2019, Universal Health Coverage, marking an “Sustainable Health Agenda for the 80s 2000s 2010s recognizing that noncommunicable important evolution from thinking solely Americas 2018-2030: A Call to Action for strengthening local health systems essential medicines and strategic health defining 11 Essential Public Health the promotion of equity in health and to supporting and strengthening LIFE EXPECTANCY 70.2 YEARS The Declaration of Caracas is approved; LIFE EXPECTANCY 75.6 YEARS 40 Years in the Americas Region (SILOS) to address health needs more 1995 supplies. Functions (EPHF) and identifies the gaps human development. LIFE EXPECTANCY 77.4 YEARS mechanisms to ensure the right diseases are the leading cause of of health coverage to adding the concept Health and Well-being in the Americas.” it calls for community and society-wide premature death and illness in the of access to health. efficiently. The Healthy Municipalities initiative that must be reduced to improve its to health for groups in vulnerable 1981 networks to restructure psychiatric care 2000 In this decade, Belize, Bolivia, Ecuador, Region. is launched with the goal of improving performance. situations, including people with mental The first cases of AIDS are detected in in Latin America within the local health “Healthy Children: Goal 2002” is launched El Salvador, Paraguay, and Uruguay PAHO approves the Plan of Action on health in urban settings. It empowers disorders or disabilities, older people, the Region, alerting the rest of the world systems. in 2000 to prevent 100,000 deaths in advance important reforms of their health The Strategic Plan of the Pan Health in All Policies as a strategic and mobilizes local stakeholders to women and adolescents, people with to the spread of this epidemic to the children using integrated management of 2003 systems based on PHC. American Health Organization 2014- approach for all decision-makers to take improve health in their communities. HIV, and indigenous people. Western Hemisphere. 1991 childhood illnesses (IMCI). The 44th PAHO Directing Council makes a 2019 is established under the theme health into account when deciding public series of recommendations to strengthen A major cholera epidemic strikes 2010 “Championing Health: Sustainable policy and to seek synergies across PHC in Resolution CD44.R6. the Region; PAHO leads the regional PAHO launches Integrated Health Development and Equity,” based on the sectors to improve population health and 1978 collective priorities of Member States. health equity. response with support for countries PAHO promotes the Brasilia Principles Services Delivery Networks (IHSDN): The Pan American Sanitary Conference 2005 Member States approve the Policy on using comprehensive actions based on as a recommitment to the Caracas Concepts, Policy Options and a approves a set of resolutions for the The “3 by 5” initiative is implemented, 2015 Ethnicity and Health, which recognizes 70s PHC. The “Shared Agenda for Health in the Declaration and its call to restructure Road Map for Implementation in the achievement of universal coverage and scaling up treatment and care for HIV. Cuba becomes the first country in the the need for health systems to refocus LIFE EXPECTANCY 67.3 YEARS Americas” is signed by PAHO, the Inter- psychiatric care within public health Americas. the incorporation of primary care in world to receive WHO certification health services by considering the American Development Bank, and the systems. intercultural perspectives of indigenous general health services. Spanning this decade and the next PAHO officially adopts the Gender for the elimination of mother-to-child 1977 World Bank. persons, Afro-descendants, Romani, and Equality Policy to eliminate inequalities transmission of HIV and syphilis. The World Health Assembly one, significant progress is made on The “Toronto Call to Action 2006-2015: in health between women and men, other ethnic groups. decides that the main social goal of improving human resources for health: PAHO Member States express their The global polio eradication initiative sets Towards a Decade of Human Resources PAHO leads concentrated efforts to train commitment to the UN Millennium and advance towards achieving gender PAHO issues the first epidemiological governments should be “to achieve Blindness from onchocerciasis a new target deadline: 2005. in Health for the Americas” highlights Within the context of the International and prepare leaders in the health sector Development Goals. equality and empowerment of women. alert for Zika virus in the Americas, health for all the citizens of the world is confirmed as eliminated in the the need for a strong national health The Mais Médicos program was Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation to address new challenges and to foster providing information on infection, by the year 2000.” Americas. workforce to support all peoples of the launched as a South-South collaboration Decade, PAHO stresses the need to greater integration of health in regional PAHO, World Bank, the Inter-American laboratory tests, case management, and Americas. 2011 to expand access to health care through improve the quality of water supplies in development plans. Development Bank, the Organization prevention and control measures. At the 4th Special Meeting of Ministers PAHO launches SUMA (Humanitarian PAHO’s Latin American Center primary care professionals to serve Declaration of Alma-Ata: the Americas. 1999 of American States, and UNESCO form of Health of the Americas, governments Supplies Management system), an PAHO implements the DOTS (Directly for Perinatology - Women and communities throughout Brazil. The International Conference on Primary The Pan American Network for Drug the Inter-American Coalition for the commit to expanding coverage of health information management tool that Observed Treatment, Short course) Reproductive Health (CLAP) proposes Health Care, held in Alma-Ata, then Regulatory Harmonization (PANDRH) is Prevention of Violence to create an The Strategy and Plan of Action to services for the entire population, rooted 1984 helps national authorities coordinate program for the treatment of tuberculosis. “Strategies for the Approach to USSR, draws representatives from PAHO launches the “Health: A bridge for launched as an initiative of the National environment of solidarity, tolerance, and PAHO Member States adopt a research Strengthen Tobacco Control 2018-2022 in primary health care and community humanitarian assistance. Maternal and Perinatal Health in the 134 countries and 67 international peace” initiative to vaccinate mothers Regulatory Authorities of the Region respect for the rights of others. policy for health which is aimed at is adopted to help reduce the burden participation. 2007 Next Decade.” organizations to recognize primary health and children during a ceasefire between and PAHO, with the aim to harmonize incorporating their health, equity and of disease, death, and economic The Declaration of Montevideo calls care as key to attaining “Health for All.” guerrilla and government forces in El pharmaceutical regulation in the development benefits. consequences of tobacco use. for the principles of primary health Salvador’s conflict, with the participation Americas. 2012 care to be integrated within national of both sides. WHO launches its global initiative on In Ecuador, PAHO launches the Regional health systems, to improve coordination Universal Health Coverage. Forum on Universal Health in the 21st with other sectors and thereby more 2016 2014 The Region of the Americas is declared Century: 40 Years after Alma-Ata. effectively contribute to efforts towards 2013 A United Nations report shows that free of measles. more equitable human development. (Foto: OPS/R. Molina) (Foto: Resolution CD52/18 is approved by the 11 countries in Latin America and the The Region’s last case of polio in Peru is ministers of health of the Americas, Caribbean have made significant progress Ministers of health of the Americas agree 90s 2008 declaring their commitment to reducing since 1990 in reducing deaths related The Expanded Program on Immunization registered in 1994. on a set of actions to improve access LIFE EXPECTANCY 73.2 YEARS WHO’s World Health Report focuses on disparities in access and use of health to complications of pregnancy and and use of medicines and other high-cost (EPI) is established in order to reduce 1979 primary health care and concludes that services by the esbian, gay, bisexual and childbirth. mortality caused by vaccine-preventable technologies. The 29th Pan American Sanitary The PAHO Textbook Program is expanded 1990 PHC-based reforms are necessary “now transexual (LGBT) population. diseases and their component Revolving Conference approves the Strategy on to include other health disciplines through The “Health and Peace for Development more than ever.” Fund to purchase vaccines and supplies PAHO approves Resolution CD55.R13 on Human Resources for Universal Access an agreement with the Inter-American and Democracy” plan is initiated in high quality at lower prices. the Health of Migrants, which focuses to Health and Universal Health Coverage, Central America. Development Bank. In this way, the Member States approve a new strategy on the health of people in situations dedicating crucial resources to fortify new Expanded Program of Textbooks for health personnel competency of vulnerability due to their migrant human resources in health. and Instructional Materials (PALTEX) is development in PHC-based health status. established. systems. 2018 1986 WHO proposes the Global Strategy for 2017 Paraguay is certified as malaria-free. The 22nd Pan American Sanitary the Health of Women, Children and Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Bermuda, Conference emphasizes technical Adolescents (2016-2030), which focuses Cayman Islands, Montserrat and Saint World Health Day is celebrated with cooperation in priority areas: 2009 on protection of women, children, Kitts and Nevis receive WHO certification the theme: “Health for Everyone, infrastructure development for primary The Mental Health Strategy and Action and adolescents living in situation of for the elimination of mother-to-child Everywhere.” health care (PHC) and population groups Plan is approved by PAHO Member States. vulnerability.. transmission of HIV and syphilis.. in situations of vulnerability. LIFE EXPECTANCY 77.4 YEARS