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Home , Vyakarana

Encyclopedic Nature of 5.1 Glossary

Starting Related Word Meaning Character Term A Adharma that which is opposed to The length of a year is around 365 days and a quarter as per the solar calendar;the lunar calendar is about 354 days. To keep the lunar calendar in step with the solar calendar, at frequent intervals an additional month is added intercalary A Adhikamāsa to the calendar - this is called the Adhikamāsa, month or an intercalary month. The formal definition of an Adhikamāsa is that lunar month in which there is no Sankrānti, or the Sun passing over to a new sign of Zodiac. the Dharma that is to be followed in Ā Āpaddharma emergencies or when danger is near - usually these are exceptions from following Dharma the science of wealth, dealing with public A Arthaśāstra administration, foreign affairs and military Daṇḍanīti strategies. Ā Āśrama stage of life - four such stages are identified version of a text prepared based on many manuscripts, choosing carefully amongst the Critical C variants and giving detailed remarks for such Edition variations along with notes on material not included Dharma dealing with various duties like giving D Dānadharma alms king-makers, i.e. Amatyas and Mantris together, D Daṇḍanīti Arthaśāstra the group which chooses the King D Dhanurveda science of archery set of principles which when followed by all D Dharma results in the maximum good of people D Dharmaśāstra the science dealing with Dharma a book, or books, which gives detailed E Encyclopedia information on many subjects literally, a month inserted in a calendar; it is done to ensure that the lunar and solar calendars are broadly in step - it is a concept similar to Intercalary I leap year, which has an intercalary day to Adhikamāsa month account for the fact the the solar year is about 365 days and a quarter, but the calendar year is only 365 days. M Mimāṁsā the science of interpretation of Veda M Mokṣa liberation, salvation M Mokṣadharma the Dharma that leads to code, or prescribed conduct, which leads one to N Nīti his goals

N Nyāya the science of logic and reasoning means of proof, such as an observation (called Pratyaksha in Sanskrit), or a dictionary when it P Pramāṇa comes to meaning of a word (called a in the Indian framework) a set of works authored by Vyāsa which narrate P Purāṇa various ancient tales; there are 18 Mahāpurāṇas and 18 Upapurāṇas literally, the purposes or objectives of man - P Puruṣārthas these are four: Dharma, (wealth), Kāma (desire) and Moksha (liberation) the Dharma pertaining to Kings - also the name R Rājadharma of the text in Santiparvan of Mahabharata where Bhishma teaches Rajadharma to that which is remembered, as opposed to Sruti (Veda), which is heard; where Sruti is divine S Smṛti and not composed by man, Smriti is the Śruti recollection, explanation or restatement of Sruti by learned men that which is heard, i.e. Veda, as opposed to Ś Śruti Srmriti which is remembered. Sruti is sacred Smṛti scripture unauthored by men Ś Śruti feudatory S paean, i.e. a poem or song of praise Stuti S Stuti praise; sometimes a Stotra is called a Stuti Stotra pilgrimage; Tīrthas are river banks and other T Tīrthayātra sacred places - a tour which takes a party to these Tīrthas is a Tīrthayātra the six elements or "limbs" of Veda, i.e. Siksha, V Vyakarana, Chanda, Niruktam, Jyotisha, V Vidyāsthāna abode of knowledge a victorious campaign; there are occasions, usually on account of sacrifices, where kings V Vijayayātra attack many or all the kings in the country - when such travels result in victories, it is called a Vijaya-yatra

5.2 Web Links

Web Links http://www.ghvisweswara.com/mahabharata-2/ is the result of study of Mahabharata for two years by Sri G. Visweswara. He tried to compile what the Mahabharata says on various topics of interest to him and has compiled the material under separate headings, running to more than 1,000 pages. http://www.mahabharata-resources.org/ contains the various resources related to Mahabharata, including links to the text with Nilakantha’s commentary, the Kumbakonam edition, the Southern recension by PPS Sastri, the critical edition, English translation of the entire text by Kisari Mohan Ganguli, various summaries and links to annotated bibliographies on the Mahabharata.

5.3 Bibliography Bibliography Mahabharata with the Commentary “Bhāvadīpa” of Nīlakaṇṭha, 6 vols., BalacharyaAinapure. Bombay: Gopal Narayan & Co, 1901. Mahabharata, for the first time Critically Edited. various editors. multiple volumes. Pune: BhandarkarOriential Research Institute, various years. Details of Editors and Year of Printing of Various Volumes:

Volume Contents General Editor Volume Editor Year Vol 1 Adiparvan S. Sukthankar Vishnu S. Sukthankar 1933 Vol 2 Sabhaparvan Vishnu S. Sukthankar Franklin Edgerton 1944 Vol 3a, Aranyakaparvan Vishnu S. Sukthankar Vishnu S. Sukthankar 1942 3b Vol 4 Virataparvan Vishnu S. Sukthankar Raghu Vira 1936 Vol 5, 6 Udyogaparvan Vishnu S. Sukthankar S. K. De 1940 Vol 7 Bhishmaparvan S. K. Belvalkar S. K. Belvalkar 1947 Vol 8 Dronaparvan S. K. Belvalkar S. K. De 1958 Vol 9 Karnaparvan S. K. Belvalkar P. L. Vaidya 1950 Vol 10 Salyaparvan P. L. Vaidya R. N. Dandekar 1961 Vol 11 Sauptikaparvan S. K. Belvalkar 1948 DamodarVelankar Vasudev Gopal Vol 12 Streeparvan S. K. Belvalkar 1956 Paranjpe Vol 13 Santiparvan – 1 S. K. Belvalkar S. K. Belvalkar 1950 (Rajadharma) Vol 14 Santiparvan – 2 S. K. Belvalkar S. K. Belvalkar 1954 (Apaddharma) Vol 15 Santiparvan – 3a S. K. Belvalkar S. K. Belvalkar 1954 (Mokshadharma, A) Vol 16 Santiparvan – 3b S. K. Belvalkar S. K. Belvalkar 1954 (Mokshadharma, B) Vol 17 Anusasanaparvan - 1 P. L. Vaidya R. N. Dandekar 1966 Vol 17 Anusasanaparvan - 2 P. L. Vaidya R. N. Dandekar 1966 P. L. Vaidya and R. Vol 18 Asvamedhikaparvan R. D. Karmakar 1960 N. Dandekar Asramavasikaparvan, Mausalaparvan, Vol 19 S. K. Belvalkar S. K. Belvalkar 1959 Mahaprasthanikaparvan, Svargarohanaparvan