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Cambridge University Press 0521017475 - The Leper King and his Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem Bernard Hamilton Index More information Index Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad, 80 Alexius II Comnenus, Byzantine emperor, al-Muqta®, 68 138, 148, 160, 174 al-Mustadi, 159 Alexius the protosebastus, 160 al-Nazir,159,171,184 Alfonso II, king of Aragon, 118 Abul' Khair, Baldwin IV's riding master, 28 Alice, princess of Antioch, 24, 41 Abu Shamah, historian, 17±18, 136 Alix of Lorraine, 140 Abu Sulayman Dawud, Baldwin IV's doctor, Almoravids of Majorca, 170 28, 251 Alwa, Nubian Christian kingdom of, 69 Acre, 46 n. 14, 53, 60, 119, 122, 127±8, 147, Amalric,kingofJerusalem,1,6,9,23±40, 192, 197, 203±4, 217±18, 223, 227, 243 43,45n.4,60,63±4,84±7,89±92, leprosaria, 257 95, 97, 107, 110, 116, 119±20, 125, 129, siege of (1189±91), 137, 196 n. 40, 231±2 149, 162, 173, 220, 249±51 Adam of St George of Labaene, 35 relations with Byzantium, 64±7, 111±13, Adela, queen of France, 30, 140, 149±50 127 Aden, 80, 182 relations with the kingdom of Sicily, 75±6, al-Adil, Saladin's brother, 87, 98, 141, 181, 81±2 183±4, 195, 201 relations with the Order of Assassins, 70±5 giraffe of, 202 Amalric of Nesle, Latin patriarch of al-Afdal, Saladin's son, 227±8 Jerusalem, 23, 35±6, 42, 114, 122, 133, Agnes of ChaÃtillon, queen of Hungary, 105 138±9, 144, 162 AgnesofCourtenay,2,9,23±6,33±4,84,89, Ambroise, Estoire de la guerre sainte,12 95±8,103±6,152±3,158,160,163, Andronicus Angelus, Byzantine envoy, 127, 167±8, 188, 194, 214 n. 17, 218 n. 31, 129±30 220, 239, 249 Andronicus I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor, Agnes of France, Byzantine empress, 148 91±2,173±4,211 Agnes of Milly, 106 Anna Comnena, historian, 66 n. 11 Aidhab, 79, 182 Antioch, city of, 20, 130, 137, 166, 230 Aimery of Limoges, Latin patriarch of St Paul's monastery, 188 Antioch, 104, 111, 144, 149, 165±7, Antioch, Latin patriarchate of, 47 238±9 Antioch, Orthodox patriarchate of, 149, 166 Aimery of Lusignan, 13, 15, 25, 29, 84, 91, Antioch, principality of, 14, 22, 40±1, 44, 50, 97±8,152±3,157,167,190,218,232 52, 55±6, 63, 65, 67, 69±70, 76, 107, Ajlun, castle of, 225 133, 148, 188, 229, 232 Alberic, hermit, his care for lepers, 256 Black Mountain, 229 Aleppo, 24, 53, 88, 98±9, 103±5, 107, 137, Aqaba, gulf of, 180, 182±3 170±1, 177, 184, 187±8, 202, 229, 238 al-Arish, 134, 136 Alexander III, Pope, 14, 24 n. 5, 25 n. 15, 26, Armenian Church, 49±50 64, 75, 101±2, 110, 115, 117±18, Arnold of LuÈbeck, chronicler, 11, 217, 220±1, 139±40,149,164,242 224 encyclical, Cor nostrum,164,199 Arnold of Toroja, master of the Templars, Alexandria, 87±8, 116, 182±3 163±6, 169, 191, 197, 201, 212 280 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521017475 - The Leper King and his Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem Bernard Hamilton Index More information Index 281 Arnulf, patriarch of Jerusalem, 163 supports Prince Reynald's Red Sea Artuqids campaign, 178±80 of Hisn Kaifa and Amida, 68, 102±3, 116, appoints Guy of Lusignan regent, 188±92 184, 201 resumes power and crowns Baldwin V of Mardin and Mayyafariqin, 68, 102±3, co-king, 193±5 116,176,184,201 relieves the siege of Kerak, 195±6 Ascalon,57,118,122,134,175,196±8 his last years, 197±204 Asebebe, lordship of, 77 appoints Raymond of Tripoli regent, Assassins, Order of, 70±5, 81 n. 82, 107±8 205±9 grand masters his death, 210 Hassan 11, 72 general Muhammad 11, 72±3 his character Persian headquarters (Alamut), 70, 81 love of riding, 28, 43, 108, 209 n. 82 relations with his mother, 26, 95±6, 105, reverence for Jesus, 73 163, 167, 188, 194 Syrian headquarters (Masyaf ), 70, 107±8 religious practice, 243 Syrian master, Rashid ad-Din Sinan, 72±4, sense of honour, 243 81 n. 82, 108 sexuality, 109, 242, 255 Assise sur la ligeÁce, 60, 168, 197 hisleadershipinwar,107±8,143,146, Assises d'Antioche,16 175±9, 209, 235, 240±1, 243 Aswan, 69, 87±8 his leprosy, 27±30, 38, 41, 100±1, 108, 110, Athanasius, Orthodox patriarch of Antioch, 118±19, 122±3, 152, 160, 164, 169, 178, 113 187, 192, 196, 204±5, 241±2, 249±53, Azaz, castle of, 105 257 Azerbaijan, 68, 184, 211, 215±16 his policies Azrak, castle of, 78, 172 choice of ministers, 239±40 international relations Baalbek, 142 with Byzantium, 111±17, 127±31, 138, Baha al-Din Ibn Shaddad, Saladin's 148±9,159±60,170,172,174 biographer, 17, 88 with England, 156±7 Baldwin I, king of Jerusalem, 39, 120 with France, 139±41 Baldwin II, king of Jerusalem, 33, 39±41, 57 BaldwinV,kingofJerusalem,4,12±13,54,84 n.69,120,139,217n.30 n. 2, 86, n. 16, 139, 148, 217±18, 240 Baldwin III, king of Jerusalem, 23, 25, 30, 35, co-ruler with Baldwin IV,194±5, 205±9 37, 39, 45 n. 4, 62, 65, 84 n. 2, 103, sole ruler, 214±16 133, 163, 173±4, 249 Baldwin of BeÂthune, count of AumaÃle, 126 BaldwinIV,kingofJerusalem,1,5±6,8,21, Baldwin of ChaÃtillon,40±1,89,112,115 44,48,55±7,59±60,62,69,75,121, Baldwin IX of Flanders, 124 139, 147, 160±3, 167±9, 211, 218, 220, Baldwin of Ibelin, 1±2, 35, 89, 95, 97±8, 238 125±6, 134, 139, 143, 152±8, 160, 188, chronology 190, 194, 218, 222±3 childhood, 23±32, 43, 249±51 BalianofIbelin,2,7,9,35,89,95,97,134, election as king, 32±41 139, 158, 188, 190, 194, 203, 208±9, coronation, 41±2 217±18,223,227±8,231±2 minority, 84±108, 119±20 Balian of Jaffa, 86, 89±90 assumes sole rule, 105±8 Banias (Caesarea Philippi), 31, 77, 82±3, 143, appoints Reynald of ChaÃtillon regent, 118, 161, 177, 235 123 Bartholomew, hermit, his care for lepers, 256 relations with Philip of Flanders, 122±31 Beatrice Brisebarre, 92 victory at Mont Gisard, 133±6 Beatrice, countess of Edessa, 24±5, 50 n. 32 marries Sibyl to Guy of Lusignan, 151±8 Beduin,79±80,136,143,170,198,204 makes truce with Saladin (1180±2), 159 Beirut,35,46n.14,76,91,143,162,173, mediates at Antioch, 164±6 175±6, 207, 217, 235 victory at Le Forbelet, 174±5 Beka'avalley,100,107,175 allies with Mosul, 177 Bela III of Hungary, 105 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521017475 - The Leper King and his Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem Bernard Hamilton Index More information 282 Index Benjamin of Tudela, Itinerary of21,65n.7,76 Fourth, 126 Bernard, bishop of Lydda, vicar of the Fifth, 124 patriarch of Jerusalem, 200, 202 Cursat, castle of, 165 Bernard Brisebarre, 91±2 Cyprus, 64, 104, 112, 114, 232 Bernard the Treasurer, see Ernoul, Chronicle of Cyrenaica, 80, 147 Bethany, convent of, 26, 31, 40, 119 Yveta,abbess,26,217n.30 Damascus, 53, 77±8, 87, 93±4, 98±100, 102, Bethlehem, Latin bishopric of, 134, 144, 165±6 105, 107±8, 111, 116±17, 124, 128, 132, Church of the Holy Nativity, 67 138, 142±3, 145, 170±3, 177, 179, Bethsan, 174, 190 188±90,192,195±6,203,211,216, al-Bira, 176 222, 225±6, 234, 238 Blanchegarde, 35, 52 n. 40, 91±2 Damietta,116,124,172 Bohemond III, prince of Antioch, 38, 40±1, Danishmendids, 68 56, 65±6, 89, 103±4, 114±15, 128, Darum, 32, 46 n. 14, 175, 198, 204 130±2, 136±7, 142 n. 61, 149, 151±2, Druzes, 76±7 154±5, 157±8, 164±6, 177, 188, 191, 194, 209, 223, 229, 232 Edessa, county of, 24, 26, 63, 177 Bohemond, count of Tripoli, 232 Edward the Confessor, canonisation of, 243 Bosra, 78, 177±9, 226 Eilat, 78 n. 67, 79, 141, 170±2, 179±82 Botrun, 146±7 Eleanor of Aquitaine, 30, 157 Buhturid emirs of the Gharb, 76 Elizabeth (Isabel) of Caesarea, 125±6 Burchard of MonthleÂry, 23 Ernesius, archbishop of Caesarea, 36, 96 Byzantine empire, 17 n. 36, 37, 44, 50, 63±4, Ernoul, 7±9, 11, 228 and n. 69 66,70,102,115,131 Chronicle of,3±5,6±9,25,95±6,125±6, Byzantine Orthodox Christians in the 133, 152±4, 157, 162±3, 171, 179, 190, Crusader States, 49±50 192, 195, 201±3, 205, 235 Eschatological prophecy of 1186, 223 Caesarea, Latin archbishopric of, 47, 165±6, Eschiva II, princess of Galilee, 94 179 Eudes III of Burgundy, 140, 144±5, 150 Cairo,78,82,116±17,136,170±2,183,196, Eustace III, count of Boulogne, 39, 120 222±5 Eustace Grenier of Sidon, 98±9 Camels, use of in warfare, 78, 171 Eustathius of Thessalonica, 20±1 Cast de Murols, master of the Hospitallers, 37 Chastelneuf, 77, 141, 161±2 al-Fadil, Saladin's secretary, 17±18, 180, 182, Chastiaudouroy,lordshipof,106 225 Christian of Mainz, imperial chancellor, 148 Farrukh-Shah, 32, 143, 170±1, 173, 177 Chronicle of 1234,19±20 Fatimid caliphate of Egypt, 57, 63, 67 n.
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  • Bishop of Ascalon

    Bishop of Ascalon

    Index ʿAbbās (vizier of Egypt) 103 Amaury of Nesle (patriarch of Abgarus (king of Edessa) 37, 38 Jerusalem) 4, 188, 192 Absalom (bishop of Ascalon) 52 Ancona 85 Abydos 86 Antioch Acre city of 47, 56, 80, 90, 102, 110, 177, city of 70, 86, 99, 128, 129, 141, 142, 199, 200, 219 152, 154–159, 226 church of 47, 48, 52, 222 siege of 75, 114 principality of 129, 198, 199 scriptorium 127, 133, 213, 214, 218, Aquitaine 72 219, 220, 226 Arabia 97 Acre Master (see Hospitaller master) Archis (son of Canaan) 38, 39 Adelaide del Vasto 26 Arius, Arian Heresy 48, 49 al-Adid (Fatimid caliph of Egypt) 71 Arles (diocese of) 90 Adhemar (bishop of Le Puy) 63 Arnold de Torroja (Templar) 199 Adrian I (pope) 49, 50 Arnulf (archdeacon of the Holy Adrian IV (pope) 90, 100, 105, 107, 223 Sepulchre) 51 Adria 84, 85 Arnulf of Chocques (patriarch of Adriatic Sea 83, 84, 85, 86 Jerusalem) 5, 92, 93 Aegean Sea 86 Arqa 38 Agnes de Courtenay 3, 4, 16, 17, 31, 32 Asaz 45 Aichardus (dean of the Holy Assassins (see Nizārī Ismaʾilis) Sepulchre) 51 Augano (St) 100 Aimery of Limoges (patriarch of Augustinian Canons 90, 91, 92, 93, Antioch) 80 102, 103, 120, 223 Akşehir (see Philomelium) Avignon 90, 100, 223 Alberic II de Danmartin 57 Albert (bishop of Bethlehem) 200 Bahāʾ al-Dīn Ibn Shaddād 81 Albert of Aachen (Aix) 5,18, 62 Baldric of Dol 5 Albigensian Crusade 117 Baldwin I, de Boulogne (king of Alexander III (pope) 200 Jerusalem) 12, 26, 51, 53, 94, 128, 129, Alexander III the Great (king of 156, 158, 162, 163, 165, 167, 202 Macedon) 34, 39 Baldwin II, du Bourq (king of Alexander
  • Ahlesunnah Library ( Nmusba.Wordpress.Com ) Like Alexander Or Caesar, the Name of Saladin Carries a Timeless Quality

    Ahlesunnah Library ( Nmusba.Wordpress.Com ) Like Alexander Or Caesar, the Name of Saladin Carries a Timeless Quality

    AhleSunnah Library ( nmusba.wordpress.com ) Like Alexander or Caesar, the name of Saladin carries a timeless quality. As famous today as he was when he drove the Crusaders out of Jerusalem, the historical Saladin has dissolved into legend with each generation's retelling of his story. Dante placed him in the first circle of Hell with the heroes of Troy and Rome; Rex Harrison played him as a cad in the film King Richard and the Crusaders. In Youssef Chahine's epic film Saladin, he emerged as a hero of Arab socialism, and he has even made an appearance in an episode of Dr Who. Today, Saladin's name continues to resonate with Osama bin Laden, Saddam Hussein and Colonel Gaddafi all, at one stage, claiming to be his military and spiritual heir. But who was the real Saladin? To answer this question, A. R. Azzam argues, it is essential to appreciate the age Saladin lived in. The Islamic world had been completely transformed by the Sunni Revival in the 10th and 11th centuries, the great intellectual renaissance, which integrated the different strands of Islamic thought under one orthodox umbrella. Saladin was a child of the Sunni Revival and the movement was key to his extraordinary success - as it is to any consideration of the background of today's Middle East. In that sense, Saladin's true greatness, Azzam contends, lay not on the battlefield, as has commonly been accepted, but in his spiritual and political vision. An honest and guileless leader, Saladin baffled his enemies by refusing to play their political games and succeeded in uniting an army from all parts of the Muslim world.