DOCSLIB.ORG

6 X 10.Long.P65

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
6 X 10.Long.P65 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86083-3 - Crusader Castles and Modern Histories Ronnie Ellenblum Index More information Author index Abel, F. M. 313, 314, 317 Berque, J. 81 # Abu l-Fida’, Taquim 275, 315 Beyer, G. 312 Abu Shama 94, 143, 163, 177, 216, 219, 227, Bianquis 68 228, 235, 237, 252, 258, 259, 260, 262, Biller, T. 179 264, 267, 268, 272, 273, 278, 280, 284, Boas 165 285, 312, 315 Boase, T. S. R. 94 Abu-Lughod, J. L. 78, 82 Boissere´e, S. 33 Adomnan 312 Bonenfant, P. 123, 126 al-’Umari 179 Bonnassie 176 al-’Uthmani 179 Bordeaux, H. 5, 44 Albert of Aachen 74, 152, 160, 161, 195, 196, 197, Bourdeille, P. de 8 199, 200, 201, 203, 205, 206, 207, 217, 223, Bourin-Derruau, M. 176 240, 314, 316, 317 Brauer, R. W. 140 Aldington, R. 66 Braun, E. 316 Allen, M. D. 65, 66 Braunfels, W. 89 Alsayyad, N. 81, 82 Bray, R. 13, 15 Ambroise 313 Broughton, B. B. 27 Amitai, R. 286, 301, 302 Brown, R. A. 69, 70, 106 Anna Comnena 193–4, 195 Buissert, D. 145 Anselm of Ribemonte 196, 197 Bulliet, R. W. 204 Astill, G. 176 Aube´,P.27 Cahen, Cl. 49, 51–2, 53, 194, 267, 278 Aubert, M. 12 C¸elik, Z. 78, 82 Aytoun, W. E. 27 Chaˆtelain, A. 69 Charlton, D. G. 20 Bagatti, B. 87 Chateaubriand, F. R. 13–14, 26 Baha’ al-Din 177, 233, 278, 283, 284 Chaume, M. 124 Baladhuri 315 Cherry, J. F. 124 Barag, D. 144 Chevedden, P. E. 194 Barbe, E. 27 Clark, G. N. 145 Barber, B. 105, 312 Clermont-Ganneau, Ch. 315 Barthoux, J. 259 Colvin, H. M. 69, 70, 106 Baste´a, E. 30 Conder, C. R. 94, 163 Baudry of Dol 315 Coutil, L. 70 Bede 126 Crossley, C. 20 Ben-Dov, M. 179 Benkovits, M. J. 67 Dakyns, J. R. 12, 14 Benvenisti, M. 49, 54, 87, 94, 105, 115–16, Darby, H. C. 124 166, 313 Davies, R. R. 141 Bergdoll, B. 31, 32 De constructione castri Saphet 255, 266 Berington, J. A. 15–16 De-Planhol, X. 81 347 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86083-3 - Crusader Castles and Modern Histories Ronnie Ellenblum Index More information 348 Author index Delaborde 312 Guene´e, Bernard 119, 123 Delisle, L. 131 Guibert of Nogent 198, 200 Demotz, B. 123, 124 Guilland, A. 24, 25 Deschamps, P. 69, 94, 105, 249, 313 Dieulafoy, M. 70 He´liot, P. 69, 70, 237 Dion, M. R. 123, 126 Hagenmeyer 197 Dodu, G. 47 Hamdan, G. 81 Dresser, M. 6 Hamilton, B. 49, 53 Duncalf, F. 47 Havet, J. 134 Dupont-Ferrier, G. 123 Hayek, D. 56 Duvernoy, E. 124 Heeren, A. H. L. 16, 26 Heller, W. F. 8 Edbury, P. W. 87, 267 Hiestand, R. 161, 175, 317 Edwards, R. W. 68 Hill, D. R. 194 Ehrlich, M. 73, 74, 88, 165 Hilton, R. H. 73 El-Ad, A. 314 Hobsbawm, E. 30, 148 Enlart, C. 69, 70 Hogenraad, R. 147, 148 Erland-Brandenburg, A. 31, 32 Holt, P. M. 144 Ernoul 116, 143, 262, 267, 268, 278, 279, 280 Holy Sepulchre 74, 88, 133, 313, 314, 315, 316 Este`ve, E. 12 Hooke, D. 176 Eusebius 312 Hospital 53, 75, 76, 142, 157, 180, 312, 313, Exauvillez, P. 27 316, 317 Eydoux, H. P. 68, 94 Hubatsch 315 Hubert, J. 33, 123, 124, 176 Favreau-Lilie, M.-L. 179 Hugo, V. 14–15 Febvre, L. 7, 123 Hume, D. 9 Fedden, R. 69, 105, 165, 166 Huuri, K. 194 Fossier, R. 73, 89 Foster, S. M. 204, 220 Ibn Abi Tayy 267–8 # Foxe, J. 5, 6 Ibn al- Adim 192, 196, 204, 213, 218, 219, 223, France, J. 194 224, 225, 226, 227, 231, 247, 258, 259, Frankel, R. 124, 133 261, 280, 282, 283, 284 Frankl, P. 33 Ibn al-Athir 152, 157, 177, 192, 204, 205, 208, Fulcher of Chartres 74, 136, 152, 155, 160, 161, 213, 217, 218, 220, 222, 223, 229, 231, 195, 200, 203, 205, 206, 220, 223, 240, 313, 232, 233, 247, 258, 259, 260, 261, 267, 315, 316 271, 275, 276, 278, 279, 280, 283, Fuller, Th. 5–6 284, 314 Ibn al-Furat 161, 179, 222, 253, 314, 315, 316 Genicot, L. 123 Ibn al-Qalanisi 94, 132, 152, 153, 157, 192, 193, Gesta Francorum 196, 197, 198, 200, 314, 196, 198, 201, 203, 205, 206, 315, 316 207, 208, 215, 216, 217, 221, 223, Gesta Regis Ricardi 180, 313 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 240, Gibb, H. A. R. 82, 210 241, 245, 246, 247–8, 251, 252, Gibbon, E. 9 266, 312, 317 Gillingham, J. 27, 28 Ibn Hawqal 314 Girard d’Albissin, N. 123, 129 Ibn Shaddad 179, 203, 301, 313, 314, 316 Gooch, G. P. 20 Ibn Wasil 132, 213, 223, 224, 234, 246, 247, Goren, H. 34, 35, 36 262, 258, 259, 260, 261, 275, 276, 277, 278, Gossman, L. 6, 14, 20 279, 280, 285, 312, 315 Graboı¨s, A. 302 Imad al-Din (al-Bandari) 271, 279 Graves, R. 65, 67 Imad al-Din al-Isfahani 94, 129, 259, 271, Grigg, D. B. 176 283, 284, 312 Grosbois, T. 147, 148 Isaac, B. 140 Grousset, R. 47, 105, 108, 157 Ismail, A. 81 Gue´rin, V. I. 314, 315 Istakhri 315 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86083-3 - Crusader Castles and Modern Histories Ronnie Ellenblum Index More information Author index 349 Jackson, D. E. P. 163, 275, 276, 279, 280, 282 Michaud, J.-F. 4–5, 6, 26 Jacques of Vitry 74, 177–80 Michel le Syrien 220 Jairazbhoy, R. 81 Mills, C. 16–17 Jauna, D. 11 Monier, A. 81 Jean of Ibelin 53, 87, 90, 266 Moore, H. T. 67 Johns, C. N. 69, 249, 250, 316 Mortier, L. P. 26 Josaphat 133, 312 Munholland, K. 20, 22 Muqaddasi 315 Kammerer, O. 128, 129 Musset, L. 123 Kedar, B. 58, 59, 155, 157, 161, 175, 316, 317 Kennedy, H. 44, 68, 71, 94, 165, 222, 237, 257, Nassir -i-Khosrau 314, 316 265, 266 Niedermann, J. 7 Kitchener, H. H. 302 Nippel, W. 89 Koebner, R. 75 Nipperdey, Th. 28, 33 Konvitz, J. W. 145 Nordman, D. 123 Lu¨gge, M. 131 Oliverus 136–7, 240, 245, 254, 316 Lapidus, I. M. 89 Lawrence, T. E. 94, 105, 237 Paris, G. 27 Le Grand, L. 127 Pauty, 79 Le Strange, G. 313, 316 Peregrinatores Tres 179, 180 Le Tourneau, R. 79 Phillips, J. 233 Lebeau, Ch. 6–7 Popplewell, R. 63 Leibnitz, G. W. 9, 11–12 Poteur 176 Lemarignier, J.-F. 124 Poujoulat, J.-J. 5, 22, 23 Leniaud, J.-M. 33 Pounds, N. 123, 128, 129 Liddell Hart, B. 65, 67 Powicke, F. M. 124 Lopez, R. S. 73, 89 Prawer, J. 37, 49, 53, 54, 84, 87, 94, 105, 152, 200, Luther, M. 5, 6 313, 314 Lyons, M. C. 163, 275, 276, 279, 280, 282 Prescott, J. R. V. 131 Pre´vault, H. 27 Mu¨ller-Wiener, W. 69, 94, 105, 165, 166 Pringle, D. 49, 54, 68, 71, 73, 74, 85, 87, 88, Ma’oz, M. 44 90, 94, 113, 165, 250, 312, 313, 315, 316 Mack, M. 36 Prutz, H. 35–6, 105 Mackay, E. J. H. 314 MacNiven, I. S. 67 Qalqashandi 161, 163, 314, 316 Madelin, L. 47 Magnou-Nortier, E. 176 Ro¨hricht, Regesta 179, 312, 313, 314 Mailly, J. B. 6 Rabuck, M. W. 131 Maimbourg, L. 8–9 Ram, Mgr. de 27 Maqrizi 144, 163, 240, 261, 284, 275, 276, 278, Raymond of Aguilers 53, 195, 197, 198, 199, 280, 315 200, 201, 243 Marazzi, F. 176 Razi, Z. 163, 316 Marino Sanuto 179 Regenbogen, J.H. 26 Marino, L. 317 Reilly, J. 82 Marshall, Ch. 113, 286 Rey, E. G. 94, 313 Mas # udi 315 Reynolds, S. 73, 89 Mathiez, A. 128 Richard, J. 5, 9, 19, 20, 49, 54, 84, 87, Matthew of Edesse 53, 220 124, 266 Matthew Paris 142 Riley-Smith, J. S. C. 53 Maximilian 34 Ringer, R. 89 Mayer, H. E. 53, 74, 179, 267, 317 Robert de Torigni 69 McCann, S. J. H. 147 Robertson, W. 5, 26 Mellon, S. 20 Robinson E. 302 Mesqui, J. 69, 70 Robson, W. 19 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86083-3 - Crusader Castles and Modern Histories Ronnie Ellenblum Index More information 350 Author index Roder, H. 33 Tudebode, Peter 200 Rogers, R. 193, 194, 198, 200 Tyerman, Ch. 4, 8, 22, 24 Roll, I. 239, 312 Usama Ibn Munkidh 153, Sahlins, P. 123, 129 156, 221 Sandoli 313, 316 Sawirus Ibn al-Muqaffa 285 Van den Velden, P. C. 26 Schlesser, N. D. 123, 129 Van-Berchem, M. 179, 302 Schoepflin, J. D. 6 Vanden Heuvel, J. 33, 34 Scholz, F. 124 Vincent, L. H. 314 Seligman, J. 251 Vos, L. 26 Serper, A. 193 Vryonis, S. Jr 194 Shapira-Shvar, Y. 248, 250 Shatzman, I. 140 Ward, P. A. 6 Siberry, E. 4, 22, 24 Weintraub, K. J. 7 Sibt b. al-Jawzi 245, 312, 315 White, L. H. 194 Sigeberti Gembliacensis 153 Wiet, G. 259 Sinno, A. R. 36 Wigley, G. J. 37 Smail, R. C. 50, 51–2, 54, 94, 105, 181 Wilibrandus de Oldenborg 75 Smith, E. 302 Wilken, Fr. 24 Spuler, B. 123 Wilkinson, S. 111 Stein, H. 127 William of Tyre 53, 74, 131, 132, Stengers, L. 26 133, 136, 142, 152, 153, 156, Stewart, D.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Was There a Custom of Distributing the Booty in the Crusades of the Thirteenth Century?
    Benjámin Borbás WAS THERE A CUSTOM OF DISTRIBUTING THE BOOTY IN THE CRUSADES OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY? MA Thesis in Late Antique, Medieval and Early Modern Studies Central European University Budapest May 2019 CEU eTD Collection WAS THERE A CUSTOM OF DISTRIBUTING THE BOOTY IN THE CRUSADES OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY? by Benjámin Borbás (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Late Antique, Medieval and Early Modern Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Examiner ____________________________________________ Examiner CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2019 WAS THERE A CUSTOM OF DISTRIBUTING THE BOOTY IN THE CRUSADES OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY? by Benjámin Borbás (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Late Antique, Medieval and Early Modern Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Reader Budapest May 2019 CEU eTD Collection WAS THERE A CUSTOM OF DISTRIBUTING THE BOOTY IN THE CRUSADES OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY? by Benjámin Borbás (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies,
    [Show full text]
  • DRAGON Magazine
    April 1981 Dragon 1 Dragon Vol. V, No. 10 Vol. V, No. 10 April 1981 Publisher . E. Gary Gygax Editor . Jake Jaquet Assistant editor . Kim Mohan Editorial staff . Bryce Knorr Coming Attractions Dept. the ballot elsewhere in this issue). The Marilyn Mays With no small amount of pride, Dragon final voting will be done by members of Sales & Circulation . Debbie Chiusano Publishing is pleased to announce some the newly formed Academy of Adventure Corey Koebernick upcoming features that will be appear- Gaming Arts and Design. Membership in Office staff . Dawn Pekul ing in DRAGON magazine. Next month’s the Academy is open to those individuals Cherie Knull magazine will feature a cover by Tim Hil- who have made a contribution to the Jean Lonze debrandt and contain an exclusive inter- products and/or general advancement Contributing editors . Roger Moore view with the artist. In July we’ll have a of the hobby in any, some, or all of the Ed Greenwood cover by Carl Lundgren, whose work major divisions: boardgames, miniature most of you will recognize from the games, role-playing games, and compu- This month’s contributing artists: ter game programs; for example, de- many fantasy novel covers he has illus- Phil Foglio Steve Swenston trated. And in August, the cover will be signers, developers, authors, artists, edi- Cheryl Duval Mike Carroll done by Boris Vallejo, and we’ll have tors, writers, reviewers, convention or- Roger Raupp Dave Trampier another exclusive interview with the ar- ganizers, or any professional or amateur Kenneth Rahman Darlene tist. In all cases, the artwork for these who can prove a contribution to the Robert Liebman J.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Saladin and the Ayyubid Campaigns in the Maghrib Saladino Y Las Campañas Ayyubíes En El Magreb
    Alcantara 2 Vol XXXIV (3)_Maquetación 1 09/12/13 17:42 Página 267 AL-QANTARA XXXIV 2, julio-diciembre 2013 pp. 267-295 ISSN 0211-3589 doi: 10.3989/alqantara.2013.010 Saladin and the Ayyubid Campaigns in the Maghrib Saladino y las campañas ayyubíes en el Magreb Amar Baadj University of Toronto, Canada Este artículo trata sobre la conquista de Libia This article concerns the conquest of Libya y Túnez por Saladino (Salah al-Din) y los Ay- and Tunisia by Saladin (Salah al-Din) and the yubíes en las décadas de 1170 y 1180. En pri- Ayyubids in the 1170s and 1180s. First it pres- mer lugar se presenta una reconstrucción de ents a reconstruction of the campaigns con- las campañas dirigidas por los mamelucos ay- ducted by the Ayyubid mamluks Sharaf al-Din yubíes Sharaf al-Din Qaraqush e Ibn Qaratikin Qaraqush and Ibn Qaratikin in Libya and the en Libia y de la guerra entre los almohades y conflict in Ifriqiya (Tunisia) between the Al- los Ayyubíes en Ifriqiya (Túnez) basada en mohads and the Ayyubids based on the rele- fuentes primarias relevantes. A continuación vant primary sources. Then the extent to se estudia en qué medida Saladino fue el res- which Saladin was responsible for these mili- ponsable de estas expediciones militares y, fi- tary expeditions is considered and finally the nalmente, se discute el motivo de dichas issue of the motive behind them is discussed. expediciones. Se llega a la conclusión de que It is concluded that Salah al-Din and his amirs Saladino y sus emires invadieron el Magreb invaded the Maghrib in order to control the con el fin de controlar los puntos septentrio- northern termini of the eastern and central nales de los ejes oriental y central de las rutas axes of the trans-Saharan trade routes, thereby comerciales que cruzaban el Sahara y con esto gaining access to the West African gold which lograr tener acceso al oro de África Occidental passed along these routes.
    [Show full text]
  • Throughout Anglo-Saxon and Norman Times, Many People – Not Just Rich Kings and Bishops
    THE CRUSADES: A FIGHT IN THE NAME OF GOD. Timeline: The First Crusade, 1095-1101; The Second Crusade, 1145-47; The Third Crusade, 1188-92; The Fourth Crusade, 1204; The Fifth Crusade, 1217; The Sixth Crusade, 1228-29, 1239; The Seventh Crusade, 1249-52; The Eighth Crusade, 1270. Throughout Anglo-Saxon and Norman times, many people – not just rich kings and bishops - went to the Holy Land on a Pilgrimage, despite the long and dangerous journey – which often took seven or eight years! When the Turks conquered the Middle East this was seen as a major threat to Christians. [a] Motives for the Crusades. 1095, Pope Urban II. An accursed race has violently invaded the lands of the Christians. They have destroyed the churches of God or taken them for their own religion. Jerusalem is now held captive by the enemies of Christ, subject to those who do not know God – the worship of the heathen….. He who makes this holy pilgrimage shall wear the sign of the cross of the Lord on his forehead or on his breast….. If you are killed your sins will be pardoned….let those who have been fighting against their own brothers now fight lawfully against the barbarians…. A French crusader writes to his wife, 1098. My dear wife, I now have twice as much silver, gold and other riches as I had when I set off on this crusade…….. A French crusader writes to his wife, 1190. Alas, my darling! It breaks my heart to leave you, but I must go to the Holy land.
    [Show full text]
  • 'The Conquest of the Holy Land by Saladin'
    ‘The Conquest of the Holy Land by Saladin’ This account of Saladin’s conquest of the Holy Land has come down to us in association with the Chronicon Anglicanum of Ralph of Coggeshall, a Cistercian from Essex who was one of the most important historians of early thirteenth-century England. However, while the author who compiled the tract may have been English, Ralph himself was not the person responsible. The particular value of this tract is that while in its present form it probably dates from c. 1220, it incorporates an earlier eye-witness account from a soldier who took part in the defence of Jerusalem and was wounded during the siege. The later compiler expanded this, adding details concerning the holy sites taken by the Muslims, quite possibly taken from a contemporary pilgrim guide, a brief account of the subsequent Third Crusade, which seems to have been taken from the much longer ‘Itinerary of King Richard’ by Richard de Templo, 1 and various passages of lamentation and moralising over the supposed iniquities of the Christians that had led God to allow the Muslims to succeed. The text has been translated from the De Expugnatione Terra Sanctae per Saladinum, in Ralph of Coggeshall, Chronicon Anglicanum, ed. J. Stevenson (Rolls Series, London 1875), 209-62. Use has been made of a previous translation of some passages from this tract by James Brundage, The Crusades: A Documentary History, (Milwaukee, 1962), 153-159, although the version here, which is a complete translation, and thus much fuller than the extracts used by Brundage, has been made afresh from the Latin text.
    [Show full text]
  • A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E
    Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Honors Program Senior Projects WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Spring 2014 A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E. Tobias Osterhaug Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Osterhaug, Tobias, "A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E." (2014). WWU Honors Program Senior Projects. 25. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors/25 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Honors Program Senior Projects by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Tobias Osterhaug History 499/Honors 402 A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E. Introduction: The first Crusade, a massive and unprecedented undertaking in the western world, differed from the majority of subsequent crusades into the Holy Land in an important way: it contained no royalty and was undertaken with very little direct support from the ruling families of Western Europe. This aspect of the crusade led to the development of sophisticated hierarchies and vassalages among the knights who led the crusade. These relationships culminated in the formation of the Crusader States, Latin outposts in the Levant surrounded by Muslim states, and populated primarily by non-Catholic or non-Christian peoples. Despite the difficulties engendered by this situation, the Crusader States managed to maintain control over the Holy Land for much of the twelfth century, and, to a lesser degree, for several decades after the Fall of Jerusalem in 1187 to Saladin.
    [Show full text]
  • Marketing Fragment 6 X 10.Long.T65
    Cambridge University Press 0521017475 - The Leper King and his Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem Bernard Hamilton Index More information Index Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad, 80 Alexius II Comnenus, Byzantine emperor, al-Muqta®, 68 138, 148, 160, 174 al-Mustadi, 159 Alexius the protosebastus, 160 al-Nazir,159,171,184 Alfonso II, king of Aragon, 118 Abul' Khair, Baldwin IV's riding master, 28 Alice, princess of Antioch, 24, 41 Abu Shamah, historian, 17±18, 136 Alix of Lorraine, 140 Abu Sulayman Dawud, Baldwin IV's doctor, Almoravids of Majorca, 170 28, 251 Alwa, Nubian Christian kingdom of, 69 Acre, 46 n. 14, 53, 60, 119, 122, 127±8, 147, Amalric,kingofJerusalem,1,6,9,23±40, 192, 197, 203±4, 217±18, 223, 227, 243 43,45n.4,60,63±4,84±7,89±92, leprosaria, 257 95, 97, 107, 110, 116, 119±20, 125, 129, siege of (1189±91), 137, 196 n. 40, 231±2 149, 162, 173, 220, 249±51 Adam of St George of Labaene, 35 relations with Byzantium, 64±7, 111±13, Adela, queen of France, 30, 140, 149±50 127 Aden, 80, 182 relations with the kingdom of Sicily, 75±6, al-Adil, Saladin's brother, 87, 98, 141, 181, 81±2 183±4, 195, 201 relations with the Order of Assassins, 70±5 giraffe of, 202 Amalric of Nesle, Latin patriarch of al-Afdal, Saladin's son, 227±8 Jerusalem, 23, 35±6, 42, 114, 122, 133, Agnes of ChaÃtillon, queen of Hungary, 105 138±9, 144, 162 AgnesofCourtenay,2,9,23±6,33±4,84,89, Ambroise, Estoire de la guerre sainte,12 95±8,103±6,152±3,158,160,163, Andronicus Angelus, Byzantine envoy, 127, 167±8, 188, 194, 214 n.
    [Show full text]
  • IMAD AL-DIN AL-KATIB AL-ISFAHANI1 in A
    MY LIFE WITH SALAH AL-DIN: THE MEMOIRS OF ‘IMAD AL-DIN AL-KATIB AL-ISFAHANI1 In a highly original work of medieval Arabic literature, ‘Imad al-Din Abu ‘Abdallah Muhammad ibn Safiyy al-Din Muhammad, known as al-‘Imad or as al-Katib al-Isfahani (1125- 1201), recorded his life and work as the highest ranking katib (secretary or scribe) at the courts of both Nur al-Din and Salah al-Din [Saladin] in Syria and, through his dealings with them, provided a distinctly personal and authoritative assessment of these two princes and their reigns. The book was affectionately dedicated to Salah al-Din and was completed in 1199, six years after his death (Abu Shama 1962, 2: 234; Ibn Khallikan 1968-72, 5: 152). It was entitled al- Barq al-Shami (The Syrian Thunderbolt), an allusion to the brief and intense reigns of Nur al- Din and Salah al-Din, the two heroes of the jihad against the Crusaders, who, ‘Imad al-Din implies, were never to be equaled by their successors. Al-Barq al-Shami is a kind of professional diary; it includes personal memoranda, reflections, and copious quotations from ‘Imad al-Din's poems, official letters, and diplomas of investiture woven into a year-by-year chronicle of his service in the administration of the two sovereigns (1167-1193). It originally filled either seven or nine volumes but of them only volumes three and five — covering the years 1177-79 and 1182-83 respectively — remain; they were recently edited and published in Amman (al-Katib [3] and [5] 1987).
    [Show full text]
  • ISLAMICJERUSALEM in the EYES of SALAH AL-DIN: Rr a CRITICAL ANALYTICAL STUDY of the LIBATION of the CITY from the CRUSADERS
    Ek III: Tarablisi Vib isimli gayrimüslimin, gelirini Kudüs'te Deyr-i um'd oturan Journal of Islamicjerusalem Studies, 2019, 19(1): 65-80 Rum rahiplerine vakfettiği iki evin, vakıf mütevellisi tarafından Efrenc Katolik DOI: 10.31456/beytulmakdis.573678 rahiplerine satıldığından bahisle satılan iki evin satışının iptal edilerek geri alınmaları hususunda hüküm. (BOA, A. DVNS. AHK. ŞM. d. nr. 8, s. 28, Evâhir-i ISLAMICJERUSALEM IN THE EYES OF SALAH AL-DIN: Muharre 251). A CRITICAL ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE LIBATION OF THE CITY FROM THE CRUSADERS Maher Y. ABU-MUNSHAR* ABSTRACT: Nearly a century after the brutal, and unforgiving, Crusader conquest of Islamicjerusalem, Sultan Salah al-Din succeeded in 1187CE in liberating the city. This seemingly insurmountable feat was accomplished when Salah al-Din succeeded in unifying the diverse racial, ethnic and denominational Muslims into a single, coherent fighting force - under his capable leadership. Consequently, this paper explores the nature of Salah al-Din's headship and the precise strategies he used in team-building, team-management that proved essential in his bid to restore the holy city to the Muslims. Moreover, this paper will examine the striking magnanimity Salah al-Din displayed towards the Christians, and others, in Islamicjerusalem – including their holy sanctuaries. KEYWORDS: Bayt al-Maqdis, Balian of Ibelin, Hittin, Dome of the Rock, the Holy Sepulchre, Palestine. INTRODUCTION Salah al-Din or Yusuf Ibn Ayyub was born in 532 AH /1137 CE in the town of Takrit, in modern Iraq (Reston, 2001: 4). Up until that date, Islamicjerusalem was already under the rule of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem for nearly 38 years since 1099 CE (Maalouf, 2006:50).
    [Show full text]
  • Jerusalem : in Medieval Fada'il Literature
    JERUSALEM - IN MEDIEV AL F APA'IL LITERATURE (from the tenth to the fourteenth centuries) INTRODUCTl ON 'The term Far:lila (Arab., pI. Fagii'il) means an excellence or excellent quality. The plural Fagii'il indicates a definite category of literature. ,1 This literature exposes the excellencies of things, individuals, groups, places and regions. The Faga'il literature includes among other things the merits Or virtues glorifying the sanctity of Sham and that of Jerusalem. This essay will limit itself to the F agii' il literature' concerned with Jerusalem. The term Fafla'iZ were first used by a few tenth century geo­ graphers, as al-Muqaddasl (d. 375/985), who as his name indicates originated in Jerusalem, and al-Hamadhanl (d. 398/1004) who de­ dicated some chapters in their works about the sanctity of J eru­ salem. 2 A large collection of works called Kutub aZ-Faga'il (Books of virtues) were devoted among other places, to ai- Quds (J erusalem) and which developed in the eleventh century. They were based mainly on fladfths (traditions), legends and folk literature. Among the treatises written at this time, there were a few extracts issued from Khufab (orations) and conferences which were delivered in Jerusalem, Damascus and Baghdad around the twelfth century. 3 The theme of the Faflii'il aimed at encouraging people to visit Jerusalem in order to gain certain spiritual rewards. This aspect of the Fagelil literature, emphasizing the visit or even the pil­ grimage to Jerusalem and its advantages thereof was written and 1 Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd. ed., s.v·.
    [Show full text]
  • Sir Walter Scott's Templar Construct
    Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. SIR WALTER SCOTT’S TEMPLAR CONSTRUCT – A STUDY OF CONTEMPORARY INFLUENCES ON HISTORICAL PERCEPTIONS. A THESIS PRESENTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY AT MASSEY UNIVERSITY, EXTRAMURAL, NEW ZEALAND. JANE HELEN WOODGER 2017 1 ABSTRACT Sir Walter Scott was a writer of historical fiction, but how accurate are his portrayals? The novels Ivanhoe and Talisman both feature Templars as the antagonists. Scott’s works display he had a fundamental knowledge of the Order and their fall. However, the novels are fiction, and the accuracy of some of the author’s depictions are questionable. As a result, the novels are more representative of events and thinking of the early nineteenth century than any other period. The main theme in both novels is the importance of unity and illustrating the destructive nature of any division. The protagonists unify under the banner of King Richard and the Templars pursue a course of independence. Scott’s works also helped to formulate notions of Scottish identity, Freemasonry (and their alleged forbearers the Templars) and Victorian behaviours. However, Scott’s image is only one of a long history of Templars featuring in literature over the centuries. Like Scott, the previous renditions of the Templars are more illustrations of the contemporary than historical accounts. One matter for unease in the early 1800s was religion and Catholic Emancipation.
    [Show full text]
  • No. 44 Ronnie Ellenblum, Crusader Castles and Mode
    H-France Review Volume 8 (2008) Page 180 H-France Review Vol. 8 (March 2008), No. 44 Ronnie Ellenblum, Crusader Castles and Modern Histories. Cambridge, U.K., and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007. xi + 362 pp. Figures, maps, tables and index. £50 U.K. (cl.). ISBN 0-521-86083- 0. Review by Denys Pringle, Cardiff School of History and Archaeology, Cardiff University, Wales, UK. In this thought-provoking study, Ronnie Ellenblum sets out to challenge current approaches to the study of Crusader castles, which he sees as hamstrung by out-dated nationalist and colonialist ways of thinking. He argues that their architectural development should be understood more in terms of a continuing military dialogue between East and West than of architectural borrowings, and that their geographical distribution may be better explained in terms of Frankish settlement than of a desire to defend frontiers. Part one of the book examines the development of “nationalist discourse” in the study of the Crusades from the start of the nineteenth century, when the Crusades began to be rehabilitated from the moral censure laid on them by preceding generations of scholars--both Protestant and Catholic--and seen instead for the positive influence that they had exerted on European civilization as a whole. From the 1830s onwards, the European perspective of the Crusades came to be narrowed to an exclusively French one in the writings of Joseph-François Michaud, who compared their achievements to those of Napoleon in Egypt and Charles X in Algeria in his own day. Other nationalist Crusade narratives subsequently developed in Germany, Belgium, and England around the respective heroic characters of Frederick Barbarossa, Godfrey of Bouillon, and Richard the Lion Heart, who incidentally was born in England (pace p.
    [Show full text]