RELS-V267-051 Native American Religions PRELIMINARY SYLLABUS Fall 2021

Preliminary Status: This syllabus is preliminary and subject to change. In particular, the schedule might need to be adjusted as the university adapts to changing pandemic circumstances.

Instructor: Jim Dugan, Ph.D. (). Email: [email protected]. Office Phone: 504-864-7114. Office hours by appointment, in person or by Zoom.

Classroom Sessions: We meet Mondays and Wednesdays from 6:20 to 7:35 PM in Bobet Hall, room 216.

Course Description: This course is designed to provide the student with an overview of Native American religions, with an emphasis on the indigenous cultures of North America.

Course Goals: Acquaint students with forms of religious belief and expression among indigenous peoples of North America both before and after European contact, and with the historical and social factors that complicate our understanding of those religions.

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this course, students should be able to: ● Outline the social structure and subsistence patterns of indigenous peoples of North America before European contact. ● Describe some of the major beings and ceremonial practices of indigenous peoples. ● Describe the destruction of indigenous cultures resulting from European contact, and the problems this creates in the understanding of indigenous religions. ● Outline the major features of indigenous religions of North America today.

Course Style: Teaching methods will include a mixture of reading, lecture, classroom discussion, and video presentations. The course is designed assuming physical attendance in an on-campus classroom, but will be adapted if circumstances require a distance-learning approach.

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Required Textbook: Native Religions of North America: The Power of Visions and Fertility, by Ake Hultkrantz. Waveland Press (1998). ISBN-13: 978-0-88133-985-7. About $22 for a new purchase.

Other Course Materials: Readings and Slides in the form of PDF files will be available in the course on Canvas.

Technology Requirements: Significant portions of the course content reside online on Canvas. Aside from quizzes and other activities completed in the classroom, students should submit all work on Canvas. A compatible web browser and PDF reader are required/

Evaluation (Grading): • Attendance and participation (25%) • Approximately seven in-class quizzes emphasizing vocabulary (25%) • Writing Milestones (25%) • Final research paper IN LIEU OF A FINAL EXAM (25%)

Description of Gradable Work:

Attendance and Participation: The instructor will take note from time to time of which students are actively participating in classroom discussion and other classroom activities, which are asking questions or offering opinions, and the degree to which students’ questions and comments seem to indicate that the student has read and thought about the assigned materials. Note that this aspect of grading is subjective, based on an overall impression in the mind of the instructor. Poor attendance will lower a student’s participation grade. This portion of grading may change in response to circumstances relating to the COVID pandemic.

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Quizzes About seven short quizzes are scheduled throughout the semester. Each of these will be brief. Most will focus on the definitions of terms relating to material covered during previous weeks. Students will be given a list of terms to study in preparation for each quiz, but there will be no “word bank” on the quiz itself. Quiz questions will either give a term and ask for its definition, or will provide a definition and ask for the term. Quizzes are to be completed on paper, in class, at the date and time indicated on the syllabus. Arrangements for a make-up quiz can only be made IN ADVANCE of the scheduled date and time. After the scheduled quiz time, make ups will be permitted only under extenuating and well documented circumstances.

Writing Milestones The writing milestones have two purposes: 1) to provide for communication between the student and the instructor about the final research paper, and 2) to spread out some of the work of writing the final research paper, making the final submission easier. English counts on all of the milestones, as well as on the final paper. Four milestones are to be turned in on Canvas, on or before the dates specified on the syllabus:

Topic statement: a one-paragraph description of the topic that will be investigated. The topic must relate to religious or spiritual beliefs or practices among indigenous peoples of the Americas, past or present.

List of potential sources: a formal bibliography, maximum of two double-spaced pages, listing the most likely sources that will be used in writing the paper. The bibliography must fully identify the sources, which must be of academic quality.

Outline: a formal outline describing the thesis, key points, and conclusion of the paper. Minimum one full page, in an indented outline format. Sentence fragments are permitted in the outline, although not in the final paper.

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Research Paper Each student is to submit a research paper of about ten double-spaced pages with 1- inch margins and a legible 11- or 12-point font. This equates to roughly 2,500 words. The topic must clearly relate to the study of religion among indigenous peoples of North America. The research paper must go beyond the materials used in class, and must include citation of scholarly books or articles, as well as a formal bibliography. The paper takes the place of a final exam for the course, and so is due at the end of the time assigned for the final exam by the university (see weekly schedule, below). Papers not submitted, or received after the scheduled deadline, will receive a grade of zero.

Submitting Writing Milestones and Research Paper Written assignments are to be submitted on Canvas. Acceptable file formats are Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) and Adobe Acrobat (.pdf).

Subjective Grading Adjustment: The instructor reserves the right to adjust each student’s final course grade by a plus or minus, based on his subjective evaluation of the student’s participation and effort. This could, for example, have the effect of changing a B to a B+, or a B- to a C+.

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Weekly Schedule

Note that readings are listed in the week in which they will be discussed in class. Quizzes are generally in class on Mondays. Writing assignments are due on Fridays, at the end of day.

WEEK MEETS ACTIVITY

1 Mon 23 Aug Monday Topic: Course Requirements. Wed 25 Aug Wednesday Topic: The Earthquake of 1976 (Maya Practice). Reading: The Earthquake of 1976.

2 Mon 30 Aug Monday Lecture: Terminology and Terminological Problems. Wed 01 Sep Wednesday Lecture: The Peopling of the Americas. Reading: Brown (2001) Relationship and Reciprocity.

3 Wed 8 Sep Monday 6 Sep Labor Day. Wednesday Lecture: The Catastrophe of European Contact. Reading: Crosby (1967) Conquistador y Pestilencia. Reading: Madley (2008) Defining Genocide. Reading: Grinde (2004) Taking the Indian out of the Indian.

4 Mon 13 Sep Monday Quiz 1: Terminology and Terminological Problems. Wed 15 Sep Monday Lecture: Social Structure in the Americas. Wednesday Lecture: .

5 Mon 20 Sep Topic: Overview of Native American Religions Wed 22 Sep Lecture: , Manitou, Power or Luck. Discussion: Chapters 1 and 2 of Hultkrantz.

6 Mon 27 Sep Topic: Shoshoni Religion. Wed 29 Sep Quiz 2 (Monday): Social Structure and Anthro of Religion. Reading: Hultkrantz Chapter 3.

7 Mon 04 Oct Topic: Zuni Religion. Wed 06 Oct Quiz 3 (Monday): Hultkrantz Chapters 1 and 2. Reading: Hultkrantz Chapters 4 and 5.

8 Wed 13 Oct Monday 11 Oct Fall Break. Quiz 4 (Wednesday): Hultkrantz Chapter 3. Wednesday Discussion Topic To Be Determined.

9 Mon 18 Oct Topic: Hidatsa Religion Wed 20 Oct Quiz 5 (Monday): Hultkrantz Chapters 4 and 5. Reading: Bowers (1963) Hidatsa Ceremonial Organization (extended excerpt).

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10 Mon 25 Oct Topic: Delaware Religion. Wed 27 Oct Reading: Wallace (2005) Delaware Religion Due by 11:59 PM, Friday, October 29th, Paper Topic Statement.

11 Mon 01 Nov Topic: Gender and Indigenous American Religions. Wed 03 Nov Quiz 6 (Monday): Hidatsa Religion Reading: Forgey (1975) Institution of Berdache. Reading: Thayer (1980) Berdache of the Northern Plains.

12 Mon 08 Nov Topic: Reaction and Revitalization. Wed 10 Nov Reading: Wallace (1952) Handsome Lake and the Great Revival in the West. Reading: Kaiser (1990) Prophecies of Eschatological Traditions of the Hopi. Reading: Martin (1991) Before and Beyond the Sioux Ghost Dance. Due by 11:59 PM, Friday, November 12th: Bibliography of Likely Sources.

13 Mon 15 Nov Topic: Peyotism and the Native American Church. Wed 17 Nov Reading: Shonle (1925) Peyote, the Giver of Visions. Reading: Thompson (1990) First Visit with Mescalito.

14 Mon 22 Nov Paper outline workshop via Zoom. No attendance taken. Thanksgiving holidays W-F.

15 Mon 29 Nov Topic: Native American Religions in the 21st Century Wed 01 Dec Quiz 7 (Monday): Gender, Revitalization, and Peyotism. Due by 11:59 PM, Friday, December 3rd: Paper Outline.

16 Mon 06 Dec Course review. The instructor will be available on Zoom during Wed 08 Dec regular class time to help with final papers.

17 Wed Dec 15 Final paper to be submitted on Canvas by 11:59 PM, in lieu of Final Exam.

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Instructor’s Policies

Attendance Attendance is expected, but not directly graded, although a good participation grade depends in part on regular attendance. Students are responsible for materials covered and announcements made in class, regardless of attendance. For the purposes of this course, more than two unexcused absences are considered excessive.

Accommodation Special needs regarding attendance, deadlines, time for tests, and the like, can often be met, if requested in advance. It is important to notify the instructor of such needs as early as possible. With short notice or after the fact documentation of the special circumstances will be required.

Late and Off-Topic Submissions Unless arrangements have been made in advance with the instructor, work that is submitted after the deadlines stated on the syllabus, or that is wildly off topic (does not fulfill the assignment) will automatically receive a grade of zero.

Honor Code It is the responsibility of each student to understand and abide by the letter and the spirit of Loyola’s code of academic conduct. Plagiarism, cheating, and other violations will result in a failing grade for the affected assignment or assignments, and potentially for the course. The instructor reserves the right to report serious violations to university officials.

Electronic Devices in the Classroom Electronic devices must be kept out of sight and out of hearing during quizzes, tests, and examinations. Students may take notes on laptops or tablet computers, as well as on paper. Electronic devices must be operated silently and without displaying disturbing images that are likely to distract others. Headsets, earbuds, earphones, or other devices likely to interfere with full attention in class should not be worn. Texting and internet chatting during class are discouraged.

Overtime The instructor will not keep students past the scheduled ending time of each class session.

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Collaboration No collaborative projects are assigned in this course. All work submitted is to be the product of a single individual. Sources of ideas and quotations are to be properly cited at all times.

Notification of Academic Adviser The instructor reserves the right to notify a student’s academic adviser of excessive absences, or of apparent academic or emotional difficulties.

English Counts It is the responsibility of each student to communicate clearly and effectively in writing. This means proper academic use of spelling, punctuation, grammar, and organizational structure. Grades will be reduced for more than minimal English errors or failure to communicate clearly.

Originality Checking Written submissions are automatically analyzed for originality and possible plagiarism by Ouriginal (formerly Urkund).

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