DOCSLIB.ORG

The Historical Archaeology of Ohagi and the Post-Revolutionary Haudenosaunee Confederacy, Ca

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Historical Archaeology of Ohagi and the Post-Revolutionary Haudenosaunee Confederacy, Ca CROWDING THE BANKS: THE HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY OF OHAGI AND THE POST-REVOLUTIONARY HAUDENOSAUNEE CONFEDERACY, CA. 1780-1826 A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Beth Ryan January 2017 © 2017 Beth Ryan CROWDING THE BANKS: THE HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY OF OHAGI AND THE POST-REVOLUTIONARY HAUDENOSAUNEE CONFEDERACY, CA. 1780-1826. Beth Ryan, Ph.D. Cornell University 2017 This dissertation examines the settlement pattern, housing styles, subsistence practices, and trade relationships of Haudenosaunee communities in New York State and Ontario in the post-Revolutionary era (1783-1826). Historical and ethnohistorical literature has described the period as one of despair, cultural loss, factionalism, and dependency among the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, and the communities have been labeled as “slums in the wilderness,” confined on small tracts of land and isolated from one another. My excavation at Ohagi, a Tuscarora village in Seneca territory in the Genesee River Valley (ca. 1780-1792), in combination with previously unanalyzed museum collections and a reevaluation of county histories and primary source documents, reveals that the Haudenosaunee communities in post-Revolutionary New York and Ontario built villages in a network of settlement complexes, encircling an area of rich natural resources and facilitating movement between communities and nations. The evidence reveals that housing styles did not immediately shift to European-style log cabins, as often assumed, and the shift to smaller houses did not necessarily accompany a change in matrilineal family structure and relationships. This dissertation employs recent literature on Settler Colonialism to critique both the exiting interpretations of the post-Revolutionary era as well as the practice of archaeological excavation of Native sites. iii BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Beth Ryan grew up in New Jersey. She received a B.A. in Archaeology and History of Art from Cornell University in 2003. She taught middle school science in Crownpoint and Gallup, NM, earning a Masters in Education from The University of New Mexico, and has also taught high school English in San Leandro, CA, and social justice and writing courses at University of California, Santa Cruz. She lives in San Francisco, CA. iv This work is dedicated to Clay, Penny, and Matt. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I owe a great debt to my committee chair, Kurt Jordan. He was instrumental in my thinking and planning in the early years of this project, and gave invaluable support and feedback from start to finish. As an advisor, he provided me with the ideal ratio of rigor, generosity, and patience. This dissertation, truly, would not have been possible without his help and encouragement. Committee members Jon Parmenter and Nerissa Russell helped this dissertation immensely. Their courses, early in my graduate career, shaped my scholarship, and their comments improved my writing. I am also grateful to Audra Simpson, a member of my committee for a short time, who had a significant influence on my work. Beyond helping my research and writing in relation to this project, these four have served as models for my own teaching and scholarship. Any errors or insufficiencies in this dissertation are entirely my own. I am grateful to the Tuscarora community members and scholars who have helped me in my research and writing. The Patterson family—Neil Sr., Francene, Neil Jr., Jodi, and Belinda— were all generous with their time and knowledge. I want to thank the Tuscarora community members who visited the site in July 2011, especially Jolene Rickard, who has been supportive of the project, Joanne Weinholtz, who continues to help distribute my research among the Tuscarora history group, and Taylor Hummel, who helped excavate at the site for several days. Many thanks to George Hamell for showing me the site, sharing sources, and directing me towards the Ohagi collections at Rochester Museum and Science Center. I am indebted to Robert Donnan and his family for allowing me to dig on their farm. Robert spent a great deal of time showing me areas of interest on his property, sharing his knowledge of the area, and checking up on me while I was digging. Dan Brown and Tom Pedlow took me on tours of the Genesee Valley historic sites and spent several afternoons metal-detecting at the site. This vi research would not have been possible without field school students Adam Graham and Chris Matagne, and numerous student and community volunteers. Natalie Mueller excavated a lot of dirt, ran the flotations, conducted the botanical analysis, and provided pleasant company. Special thanks to the Anthropology Department at The College of Brockport, SUNY, especially Charles Edwards and Jennifer Ramsay who provided field equipment and lab space, and Tiffany Rawlings, who analyzed the faunal assemblage. Paul Pacheco of SUNY Geneseo sent talented student volunteers my way. Kurt Jordan lent equipment. Catherine Koehler helped me establish the site grid. Gian Cervone, Kathryn Murano Santos, and George Hamell all helped me navigate the RMSC collections. The librarians at Cornell’s Olin Library, Rare Book Room, and Map and GIS Collection were exceedingly helpful and friendly. Neal Ferris kindly shared information about his excavation at Mohawk Village. The Wenner-Gren Foundation Dissertation Fieldwork Grant (#8225), Cornell American Studies Grant, and Cornell University Hirsch Scholarship funded the research. At Cornell, Frederic Gleach, Sherene Baugher, and Robert Venables all suggested resources and showed enthusiasm for my work. Jane Mt. Pleasant helped me understand maize agriculture, and helped dig at the site. Kathryn Gleason has been a mentor and friend to me since I was a freshman in an introductory archaeology course, and set me on my path. Sherene Baugher, likewise, has been a constant supporter. Discussions with Brian Broadrose and Adam Dewbury broadened my thinking. Kindred spirits Catherine Koehler and Elizabeth Phelps were my research and writing buddies. I thank my San Francisco book club—Kate Belden, Katie Kirkpatrick, Margy Halloran—for their encouragement. Jenny, Clippy, Schutz, Melissa, and KP, as always, sustained me with emails and texts. vii Finally, I thank my family. My Mom (Richelle), Dad (Joseph) and brother (Rich) have always been in my corner, offering so much love, support, and humor. The older I get, the more I realize just how much they have done and continue to do for me. My extended family and the Marquez clan have also been wonderful cheerleaders. Most importantly, I am eternally grateful to my husband, Clay, who has been unbelievably kind, supportive, and patient during the years of research and writing. We have been blessed with two incredible children, Penny and Matt; they are the reason I took so long to write this dissertation, but they are also the reason I was able to finish. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ x LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... xi PREFACE ..................................................................................................................................... xii 1. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: SUPPLANTING IROQUOIS STUDIES WITH SETTLER COLONIAL THEORY ................................................................................................................... 1 2. DEATH AND REBIRTH OF THE HAUDENOSAUNEE: THE MULTI-FACETED NARRATIVE OF DECLINE, DEPENDENCE, AND INFERIORITY ...................................... 19 3. POST-REVOLUTIONARY HAUDENOSAUNEE IN UNEXPECTED PLACES ................ 68 4. X-MARKS: DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE OF TUSCARORAS ON THE GENESEE (CA. 1780-1793) .................................................................................................................................. 116 5. EXCAVATION AT OHAGI .................................................................................................. 149 6. ARCHAEOLOGY OF POST-REVOLUTIONARY HAUDENOSAUNEE COMMUNITIES ..................................................................................................................................................... 164 8. POST-REVOLUTIONARY HOUSING ................................................................................ 248 9. SUBSISTENCE AND TRADE .............................................................................................. 294 10. CONCLUSION: THE CUNNING OF COLLABORATION .............................................. 344 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................... 356 ix LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Genesee Valley Villages .............................................................................................. 129 Figure 2. Samuel Kirkland's 1792 Letter to Henry Knox ........................................................... 134 Figure 3. Samuel Kirkland's Census, December 1790. ............................................................... 142 Figure 4. Detail from “Map of the County of Livingston,” 1829. .............................................. 152 Figure 5. Post-Revolutionary Archaeological Sites .................................................................... 166 Figure 6. Detail of Map, "Iroquois Country 18th and Early
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Historic Aspects of the Phelps and Gorham Treaty of July 4-8, 1788
    Edited by DEXTER PERKINS, City Historian and BLAKE MCKELVEY, Assistant City Historian VOL. 1 JANUARY, 1939 No. 1 Historic Aspects of the Phelps and Gorham Treaty of July 4-8, 1788 By BLAKE MCKELVEY The commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the Phelps and Gorham treaty with the Indians presents a challenge to the imagination. The years that have passed since that July council on Buffalo Creek have seen great changes come over this beautiful country. We think first of the marvellous material changes that have taken place, for they are obvious on all sides. We might with much profit consider the institu- tional and cultural developments that make those events of 150 years ago appear like the fanciful episodes of some romantic tale. But it is not the contrast or the changes that we wish to com- memorate. That council on Buffalo Creek was a very real, a very significant occasion. The chain of events of which it was a part, and the setting in which it occurred, were vital aspects of the history of Western New York, and influenced developments throughout the country. Therefore, the recollection of this historic occasion merits our close attention, even though we shall have to turn over many of history’s musty pages in the process. A brief study of the documents is enough to reveal that the men who took part in the treaty at Buffalo Creek, and in the far-flung intrigues that followed it, were sons of Adam as we know them today- some crafty and some straightforward, some simple and some endowed with foresight, some mean and selfish, and some honestly concerned ROCHESTER HISTORY, published quarterly by the Rochester Public Library, dis- tributed free at the Library, by mail 25 cents per year.
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous People of Western New York
    FACT SHEET / FEBRUARY 2018 Indigenous People of Western New York Kristin Szczepaniec Territorial Acknowledgement In keeping with regional protocol, I would like to start by acknowledging the traditional territory of the Haudenosaunee and by honoring the sovereignty of the Six Nations–the Mohawk, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Seneca and Tuscarora–and their land where we are situated and where the majority of this work took place. In this acknowledgement, we hope to demonstrate respect for the treaties that were made on these territories and remorse for the harms and mistakes of the far and recent past; and we pledge to work toward partnership with a spirit of reconciliation and collaboration. Introduction This fact sheet summarizes some of the available history of Indigenous people of North America date their history on the land as “since Indigenous people in what is time immemorial”; some archeologists say that a 12,000 year-old history on now known as Western New this continent is a close estimate.1 Today, the U.S. federal government York and provides information recognizes over 567 American Indian and Alaskan Native tribes and villages on the contemporary state of with 6.7 million people who identify as American Indian or Alaskan, alone Haudenosaunee communities. or combined.2 Intended to shed light on an often overlooked history, it The land that is now known as New York State has a rich history of First includes demographic, Nations people, many of whom continue to influence and play key roles in economic, and health data on shaping the region. This fact sheet offers information about Native people in Indigenous people in Western Western New York from the far and recent past through 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright Chautauqua County Historical Society Westfield, Ny 2012
    CHAUTAUQUA COUNTY WATERWAYS PAST AND PRESENT. By Ernest D. Leet Presented Bt_Meeting of Chautauqua County Historical Society, Inc., April 14, 1962. Nestled among the gently rolling hills of Chautauqua County lie six lakes 'lorthernmost which are the very/l'lIKKIoHM""ll'ltCOPYRIGHT headwaters of the Ohio valley Drainage Basin. The largest of these is Chautauqua Lake, from which the County and Chautauqua Institution derive the ir names. Our ChautauquaCHAUTAUQUALake muskallunge are called ''Muskallunge Ohiens is". Cassadaga and Bear Lake, in the Town of Stockton, are relatively smaller. Mud Lake and East Mud Lake in the Town of Villenova are the sources of the Conewango River, and COUNTY Findley Lake in the western edge of the County flows into the west branch of French Creek and finally into the Allegheny at Franklin,HISTORICALbelow Oil City. The highest of these lakes is Findley Lake on our western border with a Sea Level Elevation of 1420; West Mud Lake and East Mud Lake are 1369' and 1342' respectively; Chautauqua 1308; SOCIETY and Cassadaga and Bear Lake about 1303'. At least four plans have been proposed over the WESTFIELD,years to reverse the flow of various of these Aakes and empty them into Lake Erie. In 18 a few individuals dug a ditch almost overnight which would have emptied Cassadaga Lake intoNY the canadaway I 2012 Creek if they had not been stopped by irate citizens affected and by injunction. (see , History of Chautauqua County & Its People 1921 Vol. 1, page 2.) In 1934 an Army Engineer'~ plan proposed the draining of Findley Lake, the French Creek and the Big Brokenstraw into Lake Erie, as a part of the French Creek Diversion Plan, w~th a possible power development at Freeport.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright Chautauqua County Historical Society
    C INC INN ATI On Chautauqua Lake, N. Y. Built - 1882 Length - 132 Ft. Burned - February 13, 1939 Beam - 26 Ft. December 20, 1881 Twelve men are at present employed on Burroughs Bros. new COPYRIGHT steamer which is building at the Boatlanding. January 21, 1882 The CHAUTAUQUAboiler for the Cincip.nati, Burrougps Bros. new steam- boat, is completed. February 11, 1882 COUNTY The steamboat Cincinnati being built for Burroughs Bros. at the Boatlanding is nearing completion.HISTORICALIt will be launched the first of next month. Its owners claim it will be the staunchest and speediest on the lake. SOCIETY April 8, 1882 WESTFIELD, The launch of the Cincinnati is announced for this after- noon. She is owned by Burroughs Bros. of Jamestown. She will have as officers this s1l1llllrer: E. A. Burroughs, Captain, C. W. Burroughs,NY Engineer, 2012 Everett Burroughs. Clerk, and Porter Payne, Pilot. She is 132 Foot long, 26 foot beam, and has a propeller wheel 5 foot 6 inches in diameter. There will be two decks, the ladies cabin on the second deck. She will be driven by a 400 horsepower engine and boiler. The machinery is promised by the 15th of April and she will be ready for business the first of May. The keel was laid on the 20th of OctOber. The entire work was under the charge - 2 - of Capt. J. W. Pierce of Evansville, Indiana, who promises the steamboat will be in eveI7/ way to be equal to a:rry steamboat on the lake. April 8! 1882 The Cincinnati commenced to move down the ways at 3:45 P.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of United States Federal Indian Law and Policy
    Outline of United States federal Indian law and policy The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to United States federal Indian law and policy: Federal Indian policy – establishes the relationship between the United States Government and the Indian Tribes within its borders. The Constitution gives the federal government primary responsibility for dealing with tribes. Law and U.S. public policy related to Native Americans have evolved continuously since the founding of the United States. David R. Wrone argues that the failure of the treaty system was because of the inability of an individualistic, democratic society to recognize group rights or the value of an organic, corporatist culture represented by the tribes.[1] U.S. Supreme Court cases List of United States Supreme Court cases involving Indian tribes Citizenship Adoption Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield, 490 U.S. 30 (1989) Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl, 530 U.S. _ (2013) Tribal Ex parte Joins, 191 U.S. 93 (1903) Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez, 436 U.S. 49 (1978) Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield, 490 U.S. 30 (1989) South Dakota v. Bourland, 508 U.S. 679 (1993) Civil rights Oliphant v. Suquamish Indian Tribe, 435 U.S. 191 (1978) United States v. Wheeler, 435 U.S. 313 (1978) Congressional authority Ex parte Joins, 191 U.S. 93 (1903) White Mountain Apache Tribe v. Bracker, 448 U.S. 136 (1980) California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, 480 U.S. 202 (1987) South Dakota v. Bourland, 508 U.S. 679 (1993) United States v.
    [Show full text]
  • Decolonizing the Colonial Mind: a Personal Journey of Intercultural
    Decolonizing the Colonial Mind: A Personal Journey of Intercultural Understanding, Empathy, and Mutual Respect by Gregory W.A. Saar A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of Religion & Culture University of Manitoba Winnipeg Copyright © 2020 by Gregory W.A. Saar Saar 1 Dedication To my wife, Joyce, whose confidence in me, encouragement, and support, have always been important in everything I choose to do. To my Granddaughter, Rebekah, who, while in her first year at the University of Manitoba, uttered the words: “Grandpa, why don’t you take a class too?” To my other grandchildren Kaleb, Quintin, Alexis, and Clark, for the many ways in which they enhance my life. I hope I can play some small part in ensuring the five of you have the bright and fulfilling future you all deserve. I am confident that each one of you is capable of realising your dreams. In Memory of our daughter, Heather, who met the difficulties she faced with fortitude, courage, and determination, all the while retaining her sense of humour; an inspiration to all who were privileged to know her. Saar 2 Acknowledgements I want to express my appreciation to those without whose mentorship and assistance this theses would still be confined to the recesses of my mind. I begin with my appreciation of Dr. Renate Eigenbrod, (1944-2014) who, as Department Head of Native Studies at the University of Manitoba, took the time to interview me.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Canada, New York, and the Iroquois Six Nations, 1783-1815 Author(S): Alan Taylor Reviewed Work(S): Source: Journal of the Early Republic, Vol
    Society for Historians of the Early American Republic The Divided Ground: Upper Canada, New York, and the Iroquois Six Nations, 1783-1815 Author(s): Alan Taylor Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of the Early Republic, Vol. 22, No. 1 (Spring, 2002), pp. 55-75 Published by: University of Pennsylvania Press on behalf of the Society for Historians of the Early American Republic Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3124858 . Accessed: 02/11/2011 18:25 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. University of Pennsylvania Press and Society for Historians of the Early American Republic are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of the Early Republic. http://www.jstor.org THE DIVIDED GROUND: UPPER CANADA, NEW YORK, AND THE IROQUOIS SIX NATIONS, 1783-1815 AlanTaylor In recentyears, historians have paid increasing attention to bordersand borderlandsas fluidsites of bothnational formation and local contestation. At theirperipheries, nations and empires assert their power and define their identitywith no certainty of success.Nation-making and border-making are inseparablyintertwined. Nations and empires, however, often reap defiance frompeoples uneasily bisected by theimposed boundaries. This process of border-making(and border-defiance)has been especiallytangled in the Americaswhere empires and republicsprojected their ambitions onto a geographyoccupied and defined by Indians.Imperial or nationalvisions ran up against the tangled complexities of interdependentpeoples, both native and invader.
    [Show full text]
  • The Protocols of Indian Treaties As Developed by Benjamin Franklin and Other Members of the American Philosophical Society
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Departmental Papers (Religious Studies) Department of Religious Studies 9-2015 How to Buy a Continent: The Protocols of Indian Treaties as Developed by Benjamin Franklin and Other Members of the American Philosophical Society Anthony F C Wallace University of Pennsylvania Timothy B. Powell University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/rs_papers Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, Religion Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Wallace, Anthony F C and Powell, Timothy B., "How to Buy a Continent: The Protocols of Indian Treaties as Developed by Benjamin Franklin and Other Members of the American Philosophical Society" (2015). Departmental Papers (Religious Studies). 15. https://repository.upenn.edu/rs_papers/15 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/rs_papers/15 For more information, please contact [email protected]. How to Buy a Continent: The Protocols of Indian Treaties as Developed by Benjamin Franklin and Other Members of the American Philosophical Society Abstract In 1743, when Benjamin Franklin announced the formation of an American Philosophical Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge, it was important for the citizens of Pennsylvania to know more about their American Indian neighbors. Beyond a slice of land around Philadelphia, three quarters of the province were still occupied by the Delaware and several other Indian tribes, loosely gathered under the wing of an Indian confederacy known as the Six Nations. Relations with the Six Nations and their allies were being peacefully conducted in a series of so-called “Indian Treaties” that dealt with the fur trade, threats of war with France, settlement of grievances, and the purchase of land.
    [Show full text]
  • Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity Roy A
    Cambridge University Press 0521228735 - Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity Roy A. Rappaport Index More information INDEX aborigines, Australian 29, 148, 199, 202, adornment in Maring ritual 80±1 206, 213±15, 460±1 Aeschylus 41 Abrahams, I. 190, 412 air as substance 163 Abrahams, R. 33, 34, 39, 47, 381 Akkad temples 37 Absolutizing the Relative MTillich) 443 alethia Mtruth) of Logos 349 acceptance 119±23, 134, 137, 201, 224 alienation 319, 448 audience 136 Altamira caves 258 and belief 395±6 alteration in consciousness 219, 220±2, 229, common acceptance of Ultimate Sacred 257, 258 Postulates 327±8, 339 alternatives, in language 17±22, 165, 321±2, coordination of individual acts of 226±7 415, 417 disparity between inward state and 121 Altman, S. 13 and the ground of sanctity 283±7 ambiguity 88±9, 91, 95, 102±3, 151, 279 and heuristic rules 291 amelioration of falsehood 15±17 intensi®cations of 339 Americans, liturgical basis of 284±5 Native 33±4, 92, 210±12, 298±9, 380 accuracy of sentences 280 see also names of groups Achehnese people 180 analogic processes, digital representation of acquaintance-knowledge 375 86±9 activities, temporal organization of 193±6, analysis versus performance 253±7 218 Ancient Tahitian Society MOliver) 433±4 actors versus celebrants 135±6 Andaman Islanders, The MRadcliffe-Brown) acts, 220, 226 and agents 145±7 animals, in ritual 241, 242, 249, 259±60 compared in drama and ritual 136 anticipation 174 and objects 147 Antigone MSophocles) 42, 44 adaptation 5±7, 7, 9, 408±10 apostasy 133, 327 adaptive systems, hierarchy of 7, 267±8 Apostolic Constitutions Mfourth century) 191, aspects of understandings 267±8 335 as maintenance of truth 410±11 Aranda people 148 maladaptation 441±3 architecture and ritual 258 religious conceptions in human 406±8, Arioi society of Society Islands 33±4 414±19 Aristotle 41, 177, 293 structural requirements of adaptiveness art and grace 384±8 422±5 articulation of unlike systems and ritual structure of adaptive processes 419±22 occurrence 97±101 truth and falsity 443±4 Ascher, R.
    [Show full text]
  • Featuring Chautauqua Lake, Lake Erie Living Magazine
    Best of Lake Erie — featuring Chautauqua Lake Relax with lake breezes and a cocktail or strike a yoga pose as the mighty Niagara Falls rushes before you. Enjoy dinner in an old grain silo in Buffalo or world-class cheesecake on the streets of Detroit. Zipline in Geneva-on-the-Lake or stop by a speakeasy in Erie. Whatever your idea of a good time, you’ll find it around Lake Erie. Best Chautauqua Lake Getaway Chautauqua Lake offers year-round nourishment for the mind, body and soul, even beyond the gates of the Chautauqua Institution. Along its 41 miles of shoreline, you’ll find small villages, each with its own distinctive charm. Listen to moving music in Mayville, fill your belly in Bemus Point, laugh in Jamestown or head south to Celoron, where a new destination hotel is making waves. At first light, strands of sunshine mingle with swirling mist hovering just above Chautauqua Lake on a crisp morning. The water is calm until a skein of honking geese come in for a landing, skidding across the surface and sending a wave of ripples in front of the resort-like Chautauqua Harbor Hotel in Celoron, New York. The 135-room hotel opened last year on the grounds of the famed Celoron Park, a popular theme park that opened in 1894 and shuttered in 1962. It’s a great spot for a getaway — anytime of the year — and makes an ideal launching spot for exploring the rest of the lake. But before you head out, make sure to enjoy what the Chautauqua Harbor Hotel has to offer.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Perspectives on Its Purpose from Published Accounts Preston E
    SOME PERSPECTIVES ON ITS PURPOSE FROM PUBLISHED ACCOUNTS PRESTON E. PIERCE ONTARIO COUNTY HISTORIAN DEPARTMENT OF RECORDS, ARCHIVES AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ERVICES CANANDAIGUA, NEW YORK 2019 (REPRINTED, UPDATED, AND REVISED 2005, 1985) 1 Front cover image: Sullivan monument erected at the entrance to City Pier on Lake Shore Drive, Canandaigua. Sullivan-Clinton Sesquicentennial Commission, 1929. Bronze tablet was a common feature of all monuments erected by the Commission. Image from original postcard negative, circa 1929, in possession of the author. Above: Sullivan-Clinton Sesquicentennial Commission tablet erected at Kashong (Yates County), Rt. 14, south of Geneva near the Ontario County boundary. 1929. Image by the author. 2004 2 Gen. John Sullivan. Image from Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution. v. I. 1860. p. 272. 3 Sullivan-Clinton Campaign monument (front and back) erected in 1929 in Honeoye. Moved several times, it commemorates the location of Ft. Cummings, a temporary base established by Sullivan as he began the final leg of his march to the Genesee River. Images by the author. Forward 4 1979 marked the 200th anniversary of the Sullivan-Clinton expedition against those Iroquois nations that allied themselves with Britain and the Loyalists during the American Revolution. It is a little-understood (more often misunderstood) military incursion with diplomatic, economic, and decided geo-political consequences. Unfortunately, most people, including most municipal historians, know little about the expedition beyond what is recorded on roadside markers. In 1929, during the sesquicentennial celebrations of the American Revolution, the states of New York and Pennsylvania established a special commission that produced a booklet, sponsored local pageants, and erected many commemorative tablets in both states.
    [Show full text]
  • Ogden Land Company
    University of Oklahoma College of Law University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817-1899 2-25-1897 Ogden Land Company. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/indianserialset Part of the Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons Recommended Citation S. Doc. No. 154, 54th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1897) This Senate Document is brought to you for free and open access by University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817-1899 by an authorized administrator of University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 54TH CONGRESS,} SENATB. DocuMENT 2r7 Sess·ion. { No. 154. OGDEN LA~D COMPANY. FEBRUARY 25, 1897.-Laid on the table and ordered to be printed. Mr. O.A.LL presented the following MEMORIAL OF THE SENECA NATION OF INDIANS, PROTESTING AGAINST THE PROPOSED PURCHASE BY THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR OF THE TITLE OR INTEREST OF THE OGDEN LAND COMPANY, SO CALLED, IN' AND TO THE LANDS EMBRACED WITHIN THE AI,LEGANY AND CATTARAUGUS INDIAN RESER­ VATIONS, IN THE S 'TATE OF NEW YORK. EXECUTIVE DEP.A.RTMENT, SENECA N A'l'ION OF INDIANS, Salamanca,, N. Y., -----, 1897. Know all men by these presents: That the Seneca Nation of Indians in council assembled have duly made and appointed W. C. Hoag, A. L. Jimerson, Frank Patterson, W. W. Jimerson, and W. S. Kennedy to be our delegates to go to Washington, D.
    [Show full text]