書き方 KYO NO MACHIYA Japanese Writing ACTIVITIES
Learn about Japanese writing and give them a try yourself! TIME: 25 minutes
MATERIALS: • Video: Many Homes in Kyoto, Japan—Ran • Kanji and Hiragana activity worksheets 1. Learn about Japanese Writing In Japanese, there are three writing systems called Hiragana, PRONUNCIATION Katakana, and Kanji. Hiragana and Katakana are both made up of 46 GUIDE: basic letters. Each of these letters represents one syllable. Hiragana Kanji: Kah-n-gee is used to write Japanese words, and Katakana is often used to write words from foreign languages. Japanese children start learning to Hiragana: Hee-rah-gah- write with Hiragana and Katakana in first grade. nah Kanji, originally came from China, is the writing system made of Katakana: Kah-tah-kah- thousands of characters. Each character represents specific mean- nah ing. By putting characters together, you get new words with new meanings. Once first grade students have mastered Hiragana and Katakana, they start learning Kanji, but that takes a lot longer. By sixth grade, students will have learned 1,000; to read newspapers, it’s said you need to know 2,000 Kanji characters. Beside these three writing systems, Rōmaji, the romanization of Japanese, is also commonly used.
Hiragana あ い う え お Katakana ア イ ウ エ オ
Romaji a i u e o Kanji 一 + 人 = 一人 ichi (one) hito (person) hitori (one person or alone)
1 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum KYO NO MACHIYA ACTIVITIES 2. Practice Writing in Japanese
1. Watch the chapter “Ran” in the video “Many Homes in Kyoto, Japan” and find her calligraphy done in brush and ink.
2. Review stroke orders in the activity sheets.
Stroke order is important and often helps one to remember how to write letters and characters correctly, especially those with many strokes. In general, stroke order goes from top to bottom and from left of right.
3. Follow the stroke order and trace the dotted line.
4. Write on your own in the empty boxes. Remember to follow the stroke orders!
2 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum 3. Things to Talk about
• If you want to learn more about Japanese writing, here are some books you might like! —Jimi’s Book of Japanese: A Motivating Method to Learn Japanese (Hiragana) by Peter X. Takahashi —Jimi’s Book of Japanese: A Motivating Method to Learn Japanese (Katakana) by Peter X. Takahashi • To see more Hiragana, Kanatana and Romaji, check out the chart on page 4. • Kanji developed from pictures of the words they represented. For example, below is how the Kanji character ki (tree) was developed. See more Kanji evolution on pages 5 and 6.
ki (tree)
3 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum Hiragana Hiragana Katakana あ KYO NO MACHIYA Romaji Romaji a ア Katakana ACTIVITIES
ん わ ら や ま は な た さ か あ n ン wa ワ ra ラ ya ヤ ma マ ha ハ na ナ ta タ sa サ ka カ a ア り み ひ に ち し き い ri リ mi ミ hi ヒ ni ニ chi チ shi シ ki キ i イ る ゆ む ふ ぬ つ す く う ru ル yu ユ mu ム hu フ nu ヌ tsu ツ su ス ku ク u ウ れ め へ ね て せ け え re レ me メ he ヘ ne ネ te テ se セ ke ケ e エ を ろ よ も ほ の と そ こ お (w)o ヲ ro ロ yo ヨ mo モ ho ホ no ノ to ト so ソ ko コ o オ
© 2013 Boston Children’s Museum KYO NO MACHIYA Kanji Evolution ACTIVITIES
kawa (river) tsuki (moon) yama (mountain)
5 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum KYO NO MACHIYA Kanji Evolution ACTIVITIES
(eye) hi (sun) kuchi (mouth) me
6 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum KYO NO MACHIYA Writing in Hiragana ACTIVITIES
3 2
1
yuki snow 3
fuyu 1 winter 2
1 yama 3 4 mountains ie 2 home
2
1
2 2 1 1
3 1
1 2 2
4
7 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum KYO NO MACHIYA Writing Kanji Numbers ACTIVITIES
1
ichi (one)
1
2 ni (two)
1
2
3 san (three)
8 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum KYO NO MACHIYA Writing Kanji Characters ACTIVITIES
1
2
3 kawa (river)
1
2 3 yama (mountain)
1
2
3 tsuki (moon)
4 9 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum KYO NO MACHIYA Writing Kanji Characters ACTIVITIES
1
2
3 hi (sun)
4
1
2
3 kuchi (mouth)
1
2
3 me (eye) 4
5
10 © 2013 Boston Children’s Museum