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World Bank Document E850 v10 REPOBLIKAN’I MADAGASIKARA Tanindrazana –Fitiavana –Fandrosoana ------------------------------- Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTERE DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT ET DES FORETS ------------------------------ DIRECTION GENERALE DES FORETS ------------------------------- Directions Régionales Alaotra-Mangoro-Atsinanana- Analanjirofo RESERVE DE RESSOURCES NATURELLES ANKENIHENY ZAHAMENA Public Disclosure Authorized Tahirin-karena voajanahary Ankeniheny –Zahamena PLAN DE GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET DE SAUVEGARDE SOCIALE Mars 2012 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PGESS Corridor Ankeniheny Zahamena RESERVE DE RESSOURCES NATURELLES ANKENIHENY ZAHAMENA Tahirin-karena voajanahary Ankeniheny –Zahamena PLAN DE GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET DE SAUVEGARDE SOCIALE Equipe de supervision RASOAVAHINY Laurette, DCBSAP RAKOTONDRASOA Raymond, DREF Analanjirofo RASOLONIRINA Ramenason, DREF Alaotra-Mangoro BODA Richard, DREF Atsinanana Equipe technique d’élaboration RAZAFINDRAHANTA Hanitriniaina, CIREF Moramanga RANDRIANALISON Gervais, Président PlaCAZ ; RANDRIAMAMPIANINA Parfait, Madagascar National Parks Toamasina ; RANDRIAMBOAHANGINJATOVO René, Madagascar National Parks Andasibe ; BE TOTOZAFY Sylvain, Projet Ambatovy RAMAHAVALISOA Baholy, Projet Ambatovy RANDRIANARIVELO Guy Bertho, COGESFOR RAVOLOLONANAHARY Hantanirina, Conservation International RAMESON Harinaina, Conservation International RAHERIMANANTSOA Jean Michel, Conservation International RALAMBONIRAINY Johans, Conservation International ; RANDRIAMANANTSOA Jean Claude, Fédération COBA FITOKISANA ; RANDRIAMIZAKA Philibert, Fédération COBA VAHATRINIALA ; ANDRIANAVALONA Lalaina, Fédération COBA MIARADIA ; RAVALITERA Louisette, Fédération COBA TSARAFANIRY ; RAVELONTSOA André, Fédération COBA TARATRA ; PAUL Jean Claude, Fédération COBA VANONA Appui technique Appui financier ANDRIAMAMPIRAY Fanomezantsoa Consultant ii PGESS Corridor Ankeniheny Zahamena SOMMAIRE SOMMAIRE............................................................................................................................. III LISTE DE TABLEAUX ............................................................................................................ VI GLOSSAIRE ........................................................................................................................... IX FAMINTINANA ...................................................................................................................... XII RESUME EXECUTIF .......................................................................................................... XVII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................... XXII 1. INTRODUCTION: OBJECTIFS DU PLAN DE SAUVEGARDE ......................................... 27 2. - DÉMARCHE ET MÉTHODOLOGIE DU PGESS ............................................................. 29 2.1. Orientations, encadrements et approches .................................................................................................................... 29 2.2. Processus et étapes de création de l’AP ........................................................................................................................ 30 2.2.1. Phase technique ........................................................................................................................................................ 30 2.2.2. Phase administrative : ............................................................................................................................................... 31 2.3. Cadre institutionnel et juridique .................................................................................................................................. 32 2.3.1. Cadre juridique national de restriction d’accès aux ressources dans l’aire protégée ................................................ 32 2.3.2. Politique de la Banque Mondiale sur la restriction d’accès aux ressources dans l’aire protégée .............................. 34 2.3.3. Comparaison entre le cadre juridique national et la Politique de la Banque Mondiale sur la restriction d’accès aux ressources dans l’aire protégée ........................................................................................................................................... 34 3. DESCRIPTION DU PROJET, SON CONTEXTE ET MILIEU D’INSERTION .................... 36 3.1. Description du projet ..................................................................................................................................................... 36 3.2. Description du contexte et du milieu d’insertion du projet ........................................................................................ 36 3.2.1 Contexte ..................................................................................................................................................................... 36 3.2.1.1 Contexte administratif et social : ........................................................................................................................ 36 3.2.1.2 Contexte technique et financière : ...................................................................................................................... 39 3.2.1.3 Contexte économique et environnemental : ....................................................................................................... 41 3.2.2 Milieu d’insertion ...................................................................................................................................................... 42 3.2.2.1 Milieu physique .................................................................................................................................................. 42 3.2.2.2 Milieu biologique ............................................................................................................................................... 42 3.2.2.3 Contexte socio-économique ............................................................................................................................... 43 4. DESCRIPTION DE L’AIRE PROTÉGÉE ........................................................................... 50 4.1. Description générale du zonage et des règles de gestion ............................................................................................. 51 4.1.1 - Noyau Dur ou Zone Prioritaire de Conservation (ZPC) .......................................................................................... 51 4.1.2 - Zone tampon ou zone d’accès ................................................................................................................................. 52 4.1.3 - Zones culturelles et ou cultuelles............................................................................................................................. 54 iii PGESS Corridor Ankeniheny Zahamena 4.2 Les Cibles de conservation ............................................................................................................................................. 55 4.3. Les pressions et menaces à la conservation .................................................................................................................. 57 4.3.1. Les pressions ............................................................................................................................................................. 57 4.3.2 -Menaces .................................................................................................................................................................... 58 4.4 Evaluation de la capacité des intervenants ................................................................................................................... 59 5. CONSULTATION PUBLIQUE ET MECANISMES PARTICIPATIFS ................................. 61 5.1. Organisation de la consultation .................................................................................................................................... 61 5.1.1 Consultation publique lors de la création de l’AP ..................................................................................................... 61 5.1.2. Consultation publique pour le PGESS ...................................................................................................................... 62 5.2. Mécanisme participatif .................................................................................................................................................. 65 Des enquêteurs ont été identifiés sur la base des critères ci-après : ...................................................................... 65 6.IDENTIFICATION DES PAPS ............................................................................................. 75 6.1 Démarche méthodologique ............................................................................................................................................. 75 6.2. Critères d’éligibilité et catégories des PAPs ................................................................................................................. 76 6.2. Les groupes vulnérables ................................................................................................................................................ 77 6.3. Date d’éligibilité ............................................................................................................................................................. 77 6.4. Types d’occupation et
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