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Evidence for Malaria Medicines Policy Outlet Survey Republic of Madagascar 2010 Survey Report MINSTERE DE LA SANTE PUBLIQUE www. ACTwatch.info Copyright © 2010 Population Services International (PSI). All rights reserved. Acknowledgements ACTwatch is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. This study was implemented by Population Services International (PSI). ACTwatch’s Advisory Committee: Mr. Suprotik Basu Advisor to the UN Secretary General's Special Envoy for Malaria Mr. Rik Bosman Supply Chain Expert, Former Senior Vice President, Unilever Ms. Renia Coghlan Global Access Associate Director, Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Dr. Thom Eisele Assistant Professor, Tulane University Mr. Louis Da Gama Malaria Advocacy & Communications Director, Global Health Advocates Dr. Paul Lavani Executive Director, RaPID Pharmacovigilance Program Dr. Ramanan Senior Fellow, Resources for the Future Dr. Matthew Lynch Project Director, VOICES, Johns Hopkins University Centre for Dr. Bernard Nahlen Deputy Coordinator, President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) Dr. Jayesh M. Pandit Head, Pharmacovigilance Department, Pharmacy and Poisons Board‐Kenya Dr. Melanie Renshaw Advisor to the UN Secretary General's Special Envoy for Malaria Mr. Oliver Sabot Vice‐President, Vaccines Clinton Foundation Ms. Rima Shretta Senior Program Associate, Strengthening Pharmaceutical Systems Dr. Rick Steketee Science Director, Malaria Control and Evaluation Partnership in Africa Dr. Warren Stevens Health Economist Dr. Gladys Tetteh CDC Resident Advisor, President’s Malaria Initiative‐Kenya Prof. Nick White, OBE Professor of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol and Oxford Universities Prof. Prashant Yadav Professor of Supply Chain Management, MIT‐Zaragoza International Dr. Shunmay Yeung Paediatrician & Senior Lecturer, LSHTM www. ACTwatch.info Copyright © 2010 Population Services International (PSI). All rights reserved. The following individuals contributed as follows to the research study in Madagascar: Rabary Iarimalanto Director of Research Monitoring and Evaluation, PSI/Madagascar, assisted with advocacy and survey implementation. Raharinjatovo Jacky ACTwatch Country Program Coordinator and Quantitative Research Coordinator, PSI/Madagascar, was responsible for all aspects of implementation and management of the survey. Rahariniaina Justin ACTwatch Research Supervisor, PSI/Madagascar, assisted the Country Program Coordinator and was responsible for the coordination of trainings, data collection, and data cleaning. Ramamonjisoa Sitraka Quantitative Research Supervisor, PSI/Madagascar, assisted the Country Program Coordinator and helped with training and data collection. Rabemantsoa Andry Senior Research Coordinator, Monitoring and Evaluation, PSI/Madagascar, helped to manage communication. Ratsimandisa Rova Malaria Treatment Coordinator, PSI/Madagascar, provided information on the national malaria context and assisted with the training. Ratsimbasoa Arsène Deputy Director of NMCP, Ministry of Health Madagascar, contributed to report writing and dissemination of findings. Hellen Gatakaa Senior Research Associate, ACTwatch Central, provided overall guidance on the analysis and construction of indicators. Julius Ngigi Research Associate, ACTwatch Central, trained field workers and conducted analysis of the data. Stephen Poyer Research Associate, ACTwatch Central, conducted analysis of the data. Angela Camilleri Pfizer Global Health Fellow, ACTwatch Central, prepared monitoring materials and trained field workers. Dr. Kathryn O’Connell Principal Investigator, ACTwatch Central, provided overall technical guidance. Tanya Shewchuk Project Director, ACTwatch Central, provided overall oversight and dissemination. www. ACTwatch.info Copyright © 2010 Population Services International (PSI). All rights reserved. The ACTwatch Group is comprised of the following individuals: PSI ACTwatch Central Tanya Shewchuk, Project Director; Dr. Kathryn O’Connell, Principal Investigator; Hellen Gatakaa, Senior Research Associate; Stephen Poyer, Illah Evance, Julius Ngigi, Research Associates. PSI ACTwatch Cyprien Zinsou, PSI/Benin; Sochea Phok, PSI/Cambodia; Dr. Louis Akulayi, Country Program SFH/DRC; Jacky Raharinjatovo, PSI/Madagascar; Ekundayo Arogundade, Coordinators SFH/Nigeria; Peter Buyungo, PACE/Uganda; Felton Mpasela, SFH/Zambia. LSHTM Dr. Kara Hanson, Principal Investigator; Edith Patouillard, Dr. Catherine Goodman, Benjamin Palafox, Sarah Tougher, Immo Kleinschmidt, co‐ investigators. LSHTM is responsible for the supply chain research component of ACTwatch. The Independent Evaluator for the Affordable Medicines Facility‐malaria Phase 1 Evaluation is comprised of the following individuals: LSHTM Dr. Kara Hanson, Principal Investigator; Dr. Catherine Goodman, Sarah Tougher, Dr. Barbara Willey, Dr. Andrea Mann, co‐investigators. ICF International Dr. Fred Arnold, Director; Dr. Yazoume Ye, Dr. Ruilin Ren, co‐investigators. Suggested citation: ACTwatch Group, PSI/Madagascar and the Independent Evaluation Team. Outlet Survey Report 2010 (Round 2) for the Baseline Independent Evaluation of the Affordable Medicines Facility (AMFm), Madagascar, ACTwatch/PSI. www.ACTwatch.info ACTwatch Contacts Madagascar ACTwatch Central Mr. Jacky Raharinjatovo Dr. Kathryn O’Connell ACTwatch Country Program Coordinator ACTwatch Principal Investigator Population Services International/Madagascar Malaria & Child Survival Department Immeuble Fiaro Ampefiloha Population Services International BP 7748 Antananarivo Regional Technical Office Madagascar P.O. Box 14355‐00800 Nairobi, Kenya Phone: + 261 202262984 Phone: + 254 20 4440125/6/7/8 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] www. ACTwatch.info Copyright © 2010 Population Services International (PSI). All rights reserved. Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................... I LIST OF ACTWATCH TABLES ........................................................................................................... IV LIST OF AMFM TABLES ................................................................................................................... V LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................... VII GENERAL DEFINITIONS ................................................................................................................ VIII CLASSIFICATION OF ACTS ............................................................................................................... X LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................. XIII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. XV Overviewof ACTwatch ......................................................................................... XV Overview of the AMFm independent evaluation process ..................................... XV Key findings ...................................................................................................... XVIII 1. BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................... 1 Overview of the ACTwatch Research Project ......................................................... 1 Overview of the AMFm Phase 1 ............................................................................. 2 Overview of the AMFm Phase 1 Independent Evaluation (IE)................................. 2 Country background .............................................................................................. 7 Overview of the country .................................................................................. 7 Description of health care system ................................................................... 8 Epidemiology of malaria .................................................................................. 9 Antimalarial Policies and Regulatory Environment ....................................... 10 Malaria control strategy ................................................................................ 11 Malaria financing ........................................................................................... 12 2. METHODS ............................................................................................................. 13 KeyACTwatch indicators ................................................................................ 13 Key AMFm Phase 1 indicators ....................................................................... 15 Background on ACTwatch and the AMFm Phase 1 Indicators ................................ 15 Classification of antimalarials ........................................................................ 16 I | Page ACTwatch versus AMFm classifications ......................................................... 17 ACTwatch versus AMFm denominators ........................................................ 17 ACTwatch versus AMFm evaluation exchange rates ..................................... 17 Outlet survey ....................................................................................................... 19 Sampling Approach ........................................................................................ 19 Data Collection ............................................................................................... 20 Data Processing