CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by eDoc.VifaPol OccasionalPaper 122 State and Religion: Considering Indonesian Islam as Model of Democratisation for the Muslim World Syafi q Hasyim If you wish to support our work: Commerzbank Berlin BIC 100 400 00 Donations account: 266 9661 04 Donations receipts will be issued. Imprint: Published by the Liberal Institute Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung für die Freiheit Reinhardtstraße 12 D–10117 Berlin Phone: +49 30.28 87 78-35 Fax: +49 30.28 87 78-39
[email protected] www.freiheit.org COMDOK GmbH Office Berlin First Edition 2013 STATE AND RELIGION: CONSIDERING INDONESIAN IsLAM AS MODEL OF DEMOCRATISATION FOR THE MUSLIM WORLD Syafiq Hasyim Paper prepared for the Colloquium on Models of Secularism, hosted by the Friedrich Naumann Stiftung, Berlin, July 31, 2013. Contents Introduction 5 Compatibility between Islam and Modern State 6 History of Indonesian Islam 10 Pancasila State 13 Indonesian Islam in Public Sphere and the State 16 Islam in the Political Sphere 19 Reform Era: Revitalisation of Islamic Ideology? 21 Indonesian Salafi-Wahhabi Groups and their Question on the Pancasila State 25 Conclusion 27 Bibliography 27 About the author 32 4 5 Introduction Since the fall of Suharto in 1998, Indonesia has been noticed by the interna- tional community as the largest Muslim country in the world (Mujani & Liddle 2004, pp. 110-11; Ananta et al. 2005). This recognition is because Indonesia has hinted more progress and improvement in democracy and human rights than other Muslim countries such as Turkey, Egypt and Pakistan. Freedom of press, the implementation of fair general elections, the distribution of power among the state institutions (trias politica) and some many others are main indicators depicting the rapid democratisation of Indonesia.