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Two New Scorpions from the Puerto Rican Island of Vieques, Greater Antilles (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

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Two New Scorpions from the Puerto Rican Island of Vieques, Greater Antilles (Scorpiones: Buthidae) Two new scorpions from the Puerto Rican island of Vieques, Greater Antilles (Scorpiones: Buthidae) Rolando Teruel, Mel J. Rivera & Carlos J. Santos September 2015 — No. 208 Euscorpius Occasional Publications in Scorpiology EDITOR: Victor Fet, Marshall University, ‘[email protected]’ ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Michael E. Soleglad, ‘[email protected]’ Euscorpius is the first research publication completely devoted to scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius takes advantage of the rapidly evolving medium of quick online publication, at the same time maintaining high research standards for the burgeoning field of scorpion science (scorpiology). Euscorpius is an expedient and viable medium for the publication of serious papers in scorpiology, including (but not limited to): systematics, evolution, ecology, biogeography, and general biology of scorpions. Review papers, descriptions of new taxa, faunistic surveys, lists of museum collections, and book reviews are welcome. Derivatio Nominis The name Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 refers to the most common genus of scorpions in the Mediterranean region and southern Europe (family Euscorpiidae). Euscorpius is located at: http://www.science.marshall.edu/fet/Euscorpius (Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia 25755-2510, USA) ICZN COMPLIANCE OF ELECTRONIC PUBLICATIONS: Electronic (“e-only”) publications are fully compliant with ICZN (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature) (i.e. for the purposes of new names and new nomenclatural acts) when properly archived and registered. All Euscorpius issues starting from No. 156 (2013) are archived in two electronic archives: Biotaxa, http://biotaxa.org/Euscorpius (ICZN-approved and ZooBank-enabled) Marshall Digital Scholar, http://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/. (This website also archives all Euscorpius issues previously published on CD-ROMs.) Between 2000 and 2013, ICZN did not accept online texts as "published work" (Article 9.8). At this time, Euscorpius was produced in two identical versions: online (ISSN 1536-9307) and CD-ROM (ISSN 1536-9293) (laser disk) in archive-quality, read-only format. Both versions had the identical date of publication, as well as identical page and figure numbers. Only copies distributed on a CD-ROM from Euscorpius in 2001-2012 represent published work in compliance with the ICZN, i.e. for the purposes of new names and new nomenclatural acts. In September 2012, ICZN Article 8. What constitutes published work, has been amended and allowed for electronic publications, disallowing publication on optical discs. From January 2013, Euscorpius discontinued CD-ROM production; only online electronic version (ISSN 1536-9307) is published. For further details on the new ICZN amendment, see http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/3944/. Publication date: 21 September 2015 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B3BEA163-27DD-42E0-8E0C-DD691F78470E Euscorpius — Occasional Publications in Scorpiology. 2015, No. 208 Two new scorpions from the Puerto Rican island of Vieques, Greater Antilles (Scorpiones: Buthidae) Rolando Teruel 1, Mel J. Rivera 2 & Carlos J. Santos 3 1 Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad, Museo de Historia Natural "Tomás Romay". José A. Saco # 601, esquina a Barnada, Santiago de Cuba 90100, Cuba; email: [email protected] 2 Urbanización Cumbres de Miradero # 404, Mayagüez 00682, Puerto Rico, USA. 3 Universidad de Puerto Rico-Recinto Mayagüez, Mayagüez 00682, Puerto Rico, USA. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B3BEA163-27DD-42E0-8E0C-DD691F78470E Summary Two new scorpion species of the family Buthidae are described herein: Microtityus vieques sp. n. (a member of the subgenus Parvabsonus Armas, 1974) and Tityus alejandroi sp. n. (belonging to the “quisqueyanus” species-group). Both were collected from pitfall traps in the Puerto Rican satellite island of Vieques, in the Greater Antilles, and the former represents the first official record of the occurrence there of the gens Microtityus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966. As expected, the new species have their closest relatives in Puerto Rico. Fully illustrated descriptions and detailed comparisons are provided. Additionally, two other Puerto Rican species of Tityus currently not assigned to any group are herein formally transferred to the “quisqueyanus” species group: Tityus angelesae Santiago-Blay, 2009 and Tityus juliorum Santiago-Blay, 2009. After this contribution, the scorpion fauna of Puerto Rico is now com- posed of 19 species. Introduction species of the genera Microtityus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966 and Tityus C. L. Koch, 1836, which are described As a perfect reflection of its geographic extension, in the present paper. the scorpion fauna of Puerto Rico (including Isla de It is worth to mention here that the new findings Mona and excluding the Virgin Islands) is the third most include two important additions: a) the first record of diverse across the Greater Antilles: it is composed of Microtityus from Vieques and the third species of the ge- two families, seven genera, and 17 described species, nus known to occur in Puerto Rico, where it remained according to compilations and the most recent con- undiscovered for centuries until the first record was tributions (Armas, 1984, 1988, 2001, 2005, 2009; given by Teruel et al. (2014); b) the first scorpion Santiago-Blay, 2009; Teruel & Sánchez, 2009; Teruel et species apparently endemic from this small island al., 2014); see a complete and updated checklist below. (however, this needs to be confirmed by additional Nevertheless, the picture is very different with respect to samples in adjacent islands). With this contribution, the the island of Vieques: despite its being the second lar- scorpion fauna of Puerto Rico is raised to 19 species, gest satellite of Puerto Rico (135 km2) and its location four of them known to occur in Vieques. very close to its coast (10 km to the southeast), only two scorpion species are confirmed to occur there, both Methods & Material members of the family Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837: Cen- truroides griseus (C. L. Koch, 1844) and Tityus obtusus The specimens were studied, measured and photo- (Karsch, 1880), recorded by Santiago-Blay (2009) and graphed under a stereomicroscope, equipped with a Teruel & Sánchez (2010), respectively. Visionary Digital® image stacking device and a Canon As part of a continuous revision of the scorpion 7D digital camera. The high-resolution digital images fauna of Puerto Rico, conducted for more than a decade obtained were then slightly processed with Adobe by our team (Rolando Teruel, Alejandro J. Sánchez, and Photoshop®CS5, only to remove background and to opti- Mel J. Rivera) and incidental collaborators, we were mize brightness and contrast for print. allowed to revise a small parcel of scorpions recently Nomenclature and measurements follow Stahnke collected at Vieques and deposited in the collection of (1971), except for trichobothriotaxy (Vachon, 1974), the Universidad de Puerto Rico-Recinto Mayagüez. We metasomal carinae (Francke, 1977), pedipalp chela cari- found the sample to be composed of two undescribed nae (Acosta et al., 2008, as interpreted by Armas et al., 2 Euscorpius — 2015, No. 208 Figure 1: Holotype adult male of Microtityus (Parvabsonus) vieques sp. n.: dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views. 2011), and sternum (Soleglad & Fet, 2003). Unless DIAGNOSIS. Adult size medium for the genus (male 12 otherwise noted, all morphologically diagnostic mm, female 15 mm). Coloration yellowish brown, with a characters mentioned in the text refer to adults of both moderately dense pattern of dark brown spots all over sexes. the body and appendages; metasomal segment V and Specimens studied herein are preserved in ethanol telson similarly spotted; tergites without clearly defined 80% and deposited in the collection of the Universidad longitudinal dark bands; pedipalp fingers dark brown de Puerto Rico-Recinto Mayagüez, Puerto Rico with yellowish tips. Pedipalps orthobothriotaxic (fem- (UPRM). oral trichobothrium d2 present); fixed and movable fin- gers with nine principal rows of denticles, basal Systematics lobe/notch combination absent. Sternite V with the smooth patch moderately-sized and cordiform in male, Family Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837 small and teardrop-shaped in female. Metasoma mod- erately robust, with 10-10-8-8-5 complete carinae, most of which are finely serrate, segments II–IV dorsal lateral Microtityus (Parvabsonus) vieques Teruel, Rivera carinae with terminal denticle enlarged; intercarinal et Santos, sp. n. spaces finely and densely granulose. Telson vesicle (Figures 1–4, 9) smooth, subaculear tubercle moderate and blunt conical; http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E5E63E6E- aculeus shorter than vesicle. Pectinal tooth count 10/10 4E2E-4B23-984F-23BE6A384E16 in both sexes; basal middle lamella conspicuously enlarged in both sexes; basal plate wider than long and TYPE DATA. Puerto Rico, Vieques Municipality, Vieques Island (most likely from Monte Pirata, in the unmodified in male, conspicuously longer than wide and western part of the island), pitfall trap, March 2011, J. L. spatulate in female. Herrera, 1 adult ♂ holotype, 1 adult ♀ paratype DESCRIPTION (adult male holotype). Coloration (UPRM). (Figs. 1–2). Base color light yellowish brown, slightly paler on legs and venter and becoming slightly darker ETYMOLOGY. The selected epithet is an indeclinable and with an orange shade on metasomal segment V and noun in apposition, taken directly from the name of the telson, densely spotted with dark brown all over
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