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Protected Areas by Management 9

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Unted States p Forest Department a Service DRNA of Agriculture g P r o t e c t e d N a t u r a l A r e a s o f P u e r to R i c o K E E P I N G C O M M ON S P E C I E S C O M M O N PRGAP ANALYSIS PROJECT William A. Gould, Maya Quiñones, Mariano Solórzano, Waldemar Alcobas, and Caryl Alarcón IITF GIS and Remote Sensing Lab A center for tropical landscape analysis U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry . o c 67°30'0"W 67°20'0"W 67°10'0"W 67°0'0"W 66°50'0"W 66°40'0"W 66°30'0"W 66°20'0"W 66°10'0"W 66°0'0"W 65°50'0"W 65°40'0"W 65°30'0"W 65°20'0"W i R o t rotection of natural areas is essential to conserving biodiversity and r e u P maintaining ecosystem services. Benefits and services provided by natural United , Protected areas by management 9 States 1 areas are complex, interwoven, life-sustaining, and necessary for a healthy A t l a n t i c O c e a n 1 1 - 6 environment and a sustainable future (Daily et al. 1997). They include 2 9 0 clean water and air, sustainable wildlife populations and habitats, stable slopes, The Bahamas 0 P ccccccc R P productive soils, genetic reservoirs, recreational opportunities, and spiritual refugia. , s a These are benefits that cannot be replaced by existing technology (Cohen and Tilman r d e Cuba i 1996, Daily et al. 1997). To best use our natural heritage, natural lands management and 29 P o 22 Haiti Puerto Rico í protection designation should be based on sound scientific information provided by A t l a n t i c O c e a n R , a research and experience. Social and historical factors, sustainable uses, existing 49 b Jamaica i Dominican e C conditions, restoration potential, and future scenarios should be considered to assure Republic e C a r i b b e a n S e a l l continued benefits, a good quality of life, and economic stability for the communities that a C 1 N N 0 " depend on ecosystem services provided by natural areas. " 2 0 ' 0 ' Isabela 1 0 0 3 , 3 ° &( r ° 8 u 8 1 1 Hatillo S We portray the protected natural areas designated for natural resource conservation in Camuy 28 &( 40 o c &( i Puerto Rico, as well as areas with government regulation that have the potential to Quebradilla n á &( San Juan t Arecibo 16 21 o enhance natural resource conservation. The designation of protected areas can be very Dorado &( B &( 48 n Barceloneta 108 Vega Baja 82 &( í dynamic as it is a product of ever-evolving social values. The information shown is a d &( r &( 64 a J compilation of available geospatial data from various local and federal government &(Toa Baja Cataño , 15 y Aguadilla &( 81 Loíza r Manatí 96 t agencies and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The primary map, "Protected areas &( 11 &( s &( e 55 r by management," shows Puerto Rico’s protected natural lands designated for 11 67 o Vega Alta F 53 71 113 l 41 &( a conservation and managed by Puerto Rico Commonwealth agencies, U.S. federal c 31 i Moca 97 102 p Icacos Cay o agencies, and NGOs. The areas are identified by a numerical label that matches the &( 11 &( Carolina Canóvanas r 77 T 97 95 Bayamón 112 Aguada 36 &( &( &( f area’s name on the list below. This map also shows Puerto Rico’s marine reserves and Desecheo 60 Río Grande o 39 &( Toa Alta 33 e 78 &( &(Luquillo La Cordillera Reef t marine extensions of terrestrial natural reserves, which are all managed or co-managed u 63 t i Guaynabo 101 Trujillo Alto t Florida &( s by the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (DNER). Some or n 32 &( I 38 &( l parts of the protected areas are owned by a different agency than the one that manages 97 103 a n N N Palominos " o " Rincón Corozal 98 56 61 i 0 ' t 0 San Sebastián ' Ciales 30 12 0 &( &( a it, so a supplemental map, "Protected areas by ownership," identifies the protected areas 0 38 2 2 &( &( n 110 ° ° Fajardo r Morovis 8 8 e 99 1 1 as either parks, reserves, or state forests owned by the DNER or the Puerto Rico National &( &( t 45 n I 24 Parks Company, areas owned by other Commonwealth agencies, federally owned land, 46 &( e c 19 i Naranjito Dewey v land owned by NGOs, and unprotected lands. The second supplemental map, "Regulated r Lares &( 68 e Añasco S land," shows areas with some degree of government regulation, including the 2006 &( t &( 37 s e r Puerto Rico land use plan draft (Junta de Planificación 2006) and additional local and 75 o Culebra F Utuado federal laws that potentially provide protection of natural resources. It is important to &( A &( Aguas Buenas Ceiba D S note that there are areas not portrayed which were historically designated as part of the Las Marias &( U &( &( Caguas state forests of Boquerón (6), Ceiba (19), and Piñones (81). We were unable to 14 13 &( Gurabo 72 determine their current status. Additionally, there are areas not included in this map that Orocovis Juncos 104 &( Comerío &( have been designated by the commonwealth government as special zoning areas, which Jayuya &( &( 2 Naguabo have some conservation objectives but little enforcement (e.g., a parcel adjacent to the 111 &( 72 Tres Palmas Marine Reserve (110). &( Barranquitas 83 Mayagüez Maricao 80 &( 69 &( Las Piedras &( 1 Cidra 107 San Lorenzo N N &( " Summary. Currently 8 percent of Puerto Rico's land is designated for conservation. This " &( 0 0 ' ' 0 0 65 Adjuntas 23 1 1 ° includes public and private properties classified as state forests, national federal forests, ° &( 8 8 1 1 100 wildlife refuges, natural reserves, natural protected areas, conservation easements, 107 Humacao 84 Isabel II Aibonito &( &( recently acquired lands for conservation, and other lands managed for conservation. Hormigueros &( 70 76 57 &( 25 Villalba 116 109 54 &( Cayey Puerto Rico currently has 116 protected natural areas with 21 marine reserves, of which 76 &( 52 114 94 34 16 are marine extensions of terrestrial reserves. Eight of the 95 protected land areas are 76 105 co-owned by various entities. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico owns and manages the 62 17 Cabo Rojo Vieques &( 47 66 116 greatest area of protected lands (58 percent and 57 percent, respectively), followed by 4 Sábana Grande 20 Coamo 27 5 &( &( 106 &( 34 the federal government (28 percent in both categories) and NGOs (14 and 15 percent, San Germán respectively). However, NGOs manage more individual protected land areas than the Peñuelas &( Juana Díaz federal government (36 vs. 7). Protected areas are concentrated on the high peaks of the 89 Lajas 35 &( 17 &( &(Yabucoa Central and Luquillo Mountains, the wetlands of the coastal plains, and the lesser islands 88 Yauco 79 &( Guayanilla 26 95 and cays of the Puerto Rican Archipelago. These areas are relatively well-protected. &( 8 50 Under protected areas include nonwetlands of the coastal plain, the karst limestone hills Ponce 115 Maunabo N N " " 67°55'0"W 67°50'0"W 0 0 &( ' ' &( in northwestern Puerto Rico, and the coastal hills and lower slopes. The coastal hills form &( 0 0 Patillas ° ° 8 8 18 1 an important hydrological and ecological link between the upper mountains, the coastal 1 Mona and Monito 58 Salinas Guayama 92 wetlands, and the near-shore marine areas. 86 &( &( N N " A t l a n t i c O c e a n Arroyo " Guánica 0 42 ' 0 ' 9 Santa Isabel &( 0 0 &( 1 42 1 ° &( ° 8 8 93 Mechanisms other than official designation as a protected area have been established to 1 Monito Island 1 6 87 42 51 promote natural resource conservation, including local and federal laws, zoning 74 90 85 3 regulation, planning, and permit processes for development. The Puerto Rico Land Use 43 44 Plan, an island-wide regulatory obligation of the Puerto Rico Planning Board (Junta de 42 Planificación 2006), has been in development for years although it is still unfinished and 91 unapproved. Local and federal laws and regulations often protect specific landcover N N " types, species habitats, and terrain not appropriate for development, e.g., flood plains, " 0 s ' 0 ' 10 5 73 5 ° s ° 8 cstcececp slopes, landslide-prone areas, and critical 8 1 59 a 1 7 Caja de Muertos habitat. However, these mechanisms and the Protected land P ¤ 8% Mona Island processes to enforce them do not always work a 0 2 4 8 12 16 20 n N N " " M o (Fernández-Porto 1994, Lugo 1994, Lugo et al. 0 0 Miles ' ' 0 0 5 5 ° ° 0 4 8 16 24 32 40 2004, Molina 1994). Development pressure, the 7 7 1 1 politicizing of environmental agencies and 67°55'0"W 67°50'0"W Kilometers decisionmaking processes, and the lack of C a r i b b e a n S e a SCALE: 1:240,000 knowledge and appreciation of the services Lambert Comformal Conic Projection provided by natural areas have historically North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) impaired the ability of these processes to properly protect our land (Lugo 1994). 92% Unprotected land Protected Areas 1 Adjuntas People's Forest 15 Caño Martín Peña Natural Reserve 28 Cueva del Indio Natural Reserve 42 Guánica State Forest 56 La Cordillera Reef Natural Reserve 69 Maricao River Natural Protected Area 82 Pterocarpus Forest of Dorado 95 Recently aquired land in Manatí and 106 Susúa State Forest 2 Aguas Buenas Caverns and Cave Systems Natural Reserve 16 Caño Tiburones Natural Reserve 29 Cueva del Indio Natural Reserve Marine Extent 43 Guánica State Forest Marine Extent 57 La Olimpia Forest 70 Maricao State Forest 83 Pterocarpus Forest Nature Reserve Guayama by IITF 107 Toro Negro State Forest Percentage of protected land by island region 3 Aguirre State Forest 17 Carite State Forest 30 Culebra National Wildlife Refuge 44 Guayama Reef Natural Reserve 58 La Parguera Natural Reserve 71 Mata de Plátano Field Station Natural Reserve
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    ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 251 BIOGEOGRAPHY OF THE PUERTO RICAN BANK by Harold Heatwole, Richard Levins and Michael D. Byer Issued by THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Washington, D. C., U.S.A. July 1981 VIRGIN ISLANDS CULEBRA PUERTO RlCO Fig. 1. Map of the Puerto Rican Island Shelf. Rectangles A - E indicate boundaries of maps presented in more detail in Appendix I. 1. Cayo Santiago, 2. Cayo Batata, 3. Cayo de Afuera, 4. Cayo de Tierra, 5. Cardona Key, 6. Protestant Key, 7. Green Key (st. ~roix), 8. Caiia Azul ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN 251 ERRATUM The following caption should be inserted for figure 7: Fig. 7. Temperature in and near a small clump of vegetation on Cayo Ahogado. Dots: 5 cm deep in soil under clump. Circles: 1 cm deep in soil under clump. Triangles: Soil surface under clump. Squares: Surface of vegetation. X's: Air at center of clump. Broken line indicates intervals of more than one hour between measurements. BIOGEOGRAPHY OF THE PUERTO RICAN BANK by Harold Heatwolel, Richard Levins2 and Michael D. Byer3 INTRODUCTION There has been a recent surge of interest in the biogeography of archipelagoes owing to a reinterpretation of classical concepts of evolution of insular populations, factors controlling numbers of species on islands, and the dynamics of inter-island dispersal. The literature on these subjects is rapidly accumulating; general reviews are presented by Mayr (1963) , and Baker and Stebbins (1965) . Carlquist (1965, 1974), Preston (1962 a, b), ~ac~rthurand Wilson (1963, 1967) , MacArthur et al. (1973) , Hamilton and Rubinoff (1963, 1967), Hamilton et al. (1963) , Crowell (19641, Johnson (1975) , Whitehead and Jones (1969), Simberloff (1969, 19701, Simberloff and Wilson (1969), Wilson and Taylor (19671, Carson (1970), Heatwole and Levins (1973) , Abbott (1974) , Johnson and Raven (1973) and Lynch and Johnson (1974), have provided major impetuses through theoretical and/ or general papers on numbers of species on islands and the dynamics of insular biogeography and evolution.
  • Listado Comparativo De Edificios Y Lugares Históricos De Puerto Rico

    Listado Comparativo De Edificios Y Lugares Históricos De Puerto Rico

    Listado Comparativo de Edificios y Lugares Históricos de Puerto Rico Nombre 1 Nombre 2 NRHP Fecha Inclusion NRHP JP # de Resolución Fecha Notificacion JP ADJUNTAS Puente de las Cabañas Bridge #279 X 07/19/1995 X 2000-(RC)-22-JP-SH 04/03/2001 Quinta Vendrell Granja San Andrés X 02/09/2006 X 2008-34-01-JP-SH 10/22/2008 Escuela Washington Irvin X 05/26/2015 AGUADA Puente del Coloso Puente Núm. 1142 X 12/29/2010 Casa de la Sucesión Mendoza Patiño X 2006-26-01-JP-SH 02/15/2006 AGUADILLA Casa de Piedra Residencia Amparo Roldán X 04/03/1986 X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Faro de Punta Borinquén Punta Borinquén Light X 10/22/1981 X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Iglesia de San Carlos Borromeo X 10/22/1981 X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Antiguo Cementerio Municipal X 01/02/1985 X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Corte de Distrito Museo de Arte de Aguadilla X 01/02/1985 X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Residencia Cardona Bufete Quiñones Elias X 01/02/1985 X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Fuerte de la Concepción El fuerte; Escuela Carmen Gómez Tejera X 01/02/1985 El Parterre Ojo de Agua X 01/02/1985 X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Residencia López Residencia Herrera López X 01/02/1985 X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH Residencia Beneián X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Edificio de Apartamentos X 2000-(RO)-19-JP-SH 01/16/2001 AGUAS BUENAS Parque de Maximiliano Merced; Antiguo Parque de Bombas de Parque de Bombas Maximiliano Merced Aguas Buenas X 11/12/2014 AIBONITO Iglesia San José X 12/19/1984 X 2016-01-01-JP-SH Villa Julita X 12/19/1986 X 2000-(RCE)-21-JP-SH 01/16/2001 Carretera Central Military Road; PR-1; PR-14 X 04/02/2019 AÑASCO Puente de Añasco Puente Núm.