Die Erzählung Xianggang Qinqi 香港親戚 Der Taiwanischen Autorin Xiao Sa 蕭颯

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Die Erzählung Xianggang Qinqi 香港親戚 Der Taiwanischen Autorin Xiao Sa 蕭颯 Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen Fakultät für Philosophie Asien-Orient-Institut Abteilung für Sinologie und Koreanistik Magisterarbeit im Fach Sinologie zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Magistra Artium (M. A.) Die Erzählung Xianggang qinqi 香港親戚 der taiwanischen Autorin Xiao Sa 蕭颯 Literarische Übersetzung und Übersetzungskritik Katharina Markgraf Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Hans Peter Hoffmann Zweitgutachter: Akademischer Oberrat Peter Kuhfus Eingereicht von: Katharina Christina Markgraf Tübingen, den 25.10.2011 DANK Ich möchte mich vor allem bei meinen Eltern bedanken: Sie ermöglichten mir das Studium und ich konnte mich immer auf sie verlassen. Darüber hinaus waren sie als Lektoren eine wunderbare Hilfe und haben mich bei sprachlichen Fragen mit guten Ideen versorgt. Mein Dank gilt weiterhin der Sprachlehrerin Cheng Peiling 程佩玲 von der National Taiwan University, die mein Interesse auf Xiao Sa und die Kurzgeschichte Xianggang qinqi lenkte. Großen Dank an Peter Hoffmann für die geduldige Betreuung meiner Arbeit: Seine be- ständige Ermunterung und Unterstützung haben mir geholfen, mich von der Übersetzung nicht entmutigen zu lassen. Bei Peter Kuhfus bedanke ich mich herzlich für seine Bereitschaft, meine Arbeit als Zweitkorrektor zu begutachten. Jan-Erik Gühring stand mir als Freund immer zur Seite. Er hat mich motiviert und un- terstützt und war jederzeit da, wenn ich ihn brauchte – ik dank je wel! Weiterhin gilt meine Verbundenheit meinen Freunden und Kommilitonen Michael Der- tinger, Virginia Leung und Thomas Gaiser, die mich mit Ideen, Anmerkungen und weiter- führender Literatur versorgten und eifrig Korrektur lasen. Meiner taiwanischen Freundin Kay Yang sei ebenfalls gedankt, da sie letzte Unklarhei- ten der Übersetzung aus dem Weg geräumt hat. iii ANMERKUNGEN Es handelt sich bei dieser Arbeit um die Besprechung eines Werkes der taiwanischen Auto- rin Xiao Sa. Daher werden in dieser Arbeit die in Taiwan gebräuchlichen Langzeichen ver- wendet. Transkriptionen erfolgen in der Umschrift Hanyu Pinyin. Andere Umschriften wie Wade-Giles oder das in Taiwan verbreitete Tonyong Pinyin werden in Klammern beigefügt, wenn ein Autor oder eine Autorin bereits in dieser Umschrift veröffentlicht hat oder es sich um bekannte Namen und Ausdrücke handelt. Da sich diese Arbeit nicht mit der spezifischen Tonalität des Chinesischen befasst sowie zur besseren Lesbarkeit wurde auf Betonungszeichen bei der Umschrift verzichtet. Anmerkungen und Hervorhebungen der Verfasserin bei Zitaten sind in eckige Klam- mern gesetzt und mit dem Kürzel KM versehen. Deutsche Übersetzungen chinesischer Zitate und bibliografischer Angaben stammen allesamt von der Verfasserin. Für Übersetzungen wurde, soweit nicht anders angegeben, das „Neue Chinesisch- Deutsche Wörterbuch“ ( Xin Han De cidian 新漢德詞典 ) verwendet. Grammatikalische Erläuterungen und Fachausdrücke sind dem Standardwerk „Grammatik der chinesischen Umgangssprache“ (Zhongguo hua wenfa 中国话文法 ) entnommen. In dieser Arbeit wird der Einfachheit halber nur die männliche Form verwendet. Um der sprachlichen Gleichstellung zu genügen, ist die weibliche Form selbstverständlich im- mer mit eingeschlossen. v INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Dank ................................................................................................................................ iii Anmerkungen .................................................................................................................. v Inhaltsverzeichnis .......................................................................................................... vii Kapitel 1 Prolog ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Vorgehen und Methodik .................................................................................................. 3 1.2. Quellen und Quellenkritik ............................................................................................... 5 1.2.1. Chinesische und angloamerikanische Werke ................................................... 5 1.2.2. Quellenlage in Deutschland ............................................................................... 6 Kapitel 2 Literarisches Übersetzen ............................................................................... 9 2.1. Übersetzerische Methoden ............................................................................................ 14 2.2. Übersetzerstil ................................................................................................................... 15 2.2.1. Lexikalische Verarmung ................................................................................... 15 2.2.2. Intellektualisierung............................................................................................. 17 2.3. Problemfelder des Übersetzens aus dem Chinesischen ............................................ 19 2.3.1. Ästhetische Komponente ................................................................................. 19 2.3.2. Morphologie ....................................................................................................... 20 2.3.3. Tempus................................................................................................................ 21 2.3.4. Modus .................................................................................................................. 22 2.3.5. Metaphern, Idiome und Sprichwörter ............................................................ 23 2.3.6. Namen und Bezeichnungen ............................................................................. 23 Kapitel 3 Xianggang qingqi – eine literarische Übersetzung ..................................... 26 3.1. Die Autorin Xiao Sa ....................................................................................................... 26 3.1.1. Biografie .............................................................................................................. 26 vii Inhaltsverzeichnis 3.1.2. Preise und Auszeichnungen ............................................................................. 27 3.1.3. Veröffentlichungen und Übersetzungen von Xianggang qinqi .................. 29 3.2. „Die Verwandten in Hongkong“ .................................................................................. 30 3.3. Handlung .......................................................................................................................... 64 3.4. Biografische und historische Bezüge ............................................................................ 73 3.4.1. Taiwan und Hongkong ..................................................................................... 73 3.4.2. Volksrepublik China .......................................................................................... 76 3.5. Personen ........................................................................................................................... 77 3.5.1. Der Erzähler Ah Ye 阿業 ................................................................................ 77 3.5.2. Huimei 惠美 ....................................................................................................... 81 3.5.3. Der Vater 父親 .................................................................................................. 83 3.5.4. Die Mutter des Erzählers 母親 ....................................................................... 85 3.5.5. Bizhen 壁珍 ....................................................................................................... 87 3.5.6. Die Stiefmutter 大媽 ........................................................................................ 88 3.5.7. Xiuzhen 秀珍 ..................................................................................................... 89 3.6. Analyse .............................................................................................................................. 91 3.6.1. Gattung ............................................................................................................... 91 3.6.2. Aufbau ................................................................................................................. 91 3.6.3. Zeit ....................................................................................................................... 92 3.6.4. Modus .................................................................................................................. 93 3.6.5. Sprache und Stil ................................................................................................. 94 Kapitel 4 Übersetzungskritik ...................................................................................... 97 4.1. Sprache und Stil ............................................................................................................... 97 4.1.1. Tempus................................................................................................................ 98 4.1.2. Idiome, Metaphern und Sprichwörter ............................................................ 98 4.2. Übersetzerstil ................................................................................................................. 100 4.2.1. Lexikalische Verarmung ................................................................................. 100 viii Inhaltsverzeichnis 4.2.2. Intellektualisierung........................................................................................... 102 4.3. Namen und Bezeichnungen .......................................................................................
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