Self-Immolation in Tibet: Some Reflections on an Unfolding History
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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0278344 A1 XIAO (43) Pub
US 20140278344A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0278344 A1 XIAO (43) Pub. Date: Sep. 18, 2014 (54) ENGLISHTRAINING METHOD AND DEVICE (57) ABSTRACT (71) Applicant: Yunfei XIAO, Flushing, NY (US) The present disclosure provides an English training method, (72) Inventor: Yunfei XIAO, Flushing, NY (US) including the following steps: classifying and storing words (21) Appl. No.: 14/202,604 according to predetermined word classification rules; receiv ing a user command for extracting a corresponding word (22) Filed: Mar 10, 2014 according to a classification of the word, and extracting the corresponding word according to the user command and out (30) Foreign Application Priority Data putting the word in audio or video form; the word classifica tion rules including: combining two consonants with five Mar. 15, 2013 (CN) ......................... 2013 10084532.3 Vowels a, e, i, o, and u respectively to form words; or using a Publication Classification main word or a transformation of the main word as a main body, and combining the main body with 26 letters of the (51) Int. Cl. English alphabet in sequence to form words; or combining the G09B 9/06 (2006.01) five vowels a, e, i, o, and u with other letters of the English G06F 7/28 (2006.01) alphabet to form word roots, and combining each of the word (52) U.S. Cl. roots with the 26 letters of the English alphabet in sequence to CPC ................ G09B 19/06 (2013.01); G06F 17/28 form words; or matching a whole English sentence or a whole (2013.01) English paragraph with a Chinese song; or noting a pronun USPC ............................................................. -
Killing Snakes in Medieval Chinese Buddhism
religions Article The Road to Redemption: Killing Snakes in Medieval Chinese Buddhism Huaiyu Chen 1,2 1 Research Institute of the Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development, Henan University, Kaifeng 10085, China; [email protected] 2 School of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA Received: 11 March 2019; Accepted: 31 March 2019; Published: 4 April 2019 Abstract: In the medieval Chinese context, snakes and tigers were viewed as two dominant, threatening animals in swamps and mountains. The animal-human confrontation increased with the expansion of human communities to the wilderness. Medieval Chinese Buddhists developed new discourses, strategies, rituals, and narratives to handle the snake issue that threatened both Buddhist and local communities. These new discourses, strategies, rituals, and narratives were shaped by four conflicts between humans and animals, between canonical rules and local justifications, between male monks and feminized snakes, and between organized religions and local cultic practice. Although early Buddhist monastic doctrines and disciplines prevented Buddhists from killing snakes, medieval Chinese Buddhists developed narratives and rituals for killing snakes for responding to the challenges from the discourses of feminizing and demonizing snakes as well as the competition from Daoism. In medieval China, both Buddhism and Daoism mobilized snakes as their weapons to protect their monastic property against the invasion from each other. This study aims to shed new light on the religious and socio-cultural implications of the evolving attitudes toward snakes and the methods of handling snakes in medieval Chinese Buddhism. Keywords: snakes; Buddhist violence; Buddhist women; local community; religious competition 1. -
Written Monuments of the Orient, 2016(2), 44–67, the New Shelf Number of SI P 139/Д (= SI 3668) Is Wrongly Given As SI 3669 by Mistake
RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Institute of Oriental Manuscripts (Asiatic Museum) WRITTEN MONUMENTS OF THE ORIENT Founded in 2014 Issued biannually 2017 (2) Editors Irina Popova, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS, St. Petersburg (Editor-in-Chief) Svetlana Anikeeva, Vostochnaya Literatura Publisher, Moscow Tatiana Pang, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS, St. Petersburg Elena Tanonova, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS, St. Petersburg Published with the support Editorial Board of St. Petersburg State Desmond Durkin-Meisterernst, Turfanforschung, University Alumni Association BBAW, Berlin and Irina and Yuri Vasilyev Michael Friedrich, Universität Hamburg Foundation Yuly Ioannesyan, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS, St. Petersburg Karashima Seishi, Soka University, Tokyo Aliy Kolesnikov, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS, St. Petersburg Alexander Kudelin, Institute of World Literature, RAS, Moscow Karine Marandzhyan, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS, St. Petersburg Nie Hongyin, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, CASS, Beijing Georges-Jean Pinault, École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris Stanislav Prozorov, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS, St. Petersburg Rong Xinjiang, Peking University Nicholas Sims-Williams, University of London Takata Tokio, Kyoto University Stephen F. Teiser, Princeton University Hartmut Walravens, Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Nataliya Yakhontova, Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS, St. Petersburg Nauka Peter Zieme, Freie Universität Berlin Vostochnaya Literatura 2017 IN THIS -
The Protestant Missionaries As Bible Translators
THE PROTESTANT MISSIONARIES AS BIBLE TRANSLATORS: MISSION AND RIVALRY IN CHINA, 1807-1839 by Clement Tsz Ming Tong A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies (Religious Studies) UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) July 2016 © Clement Tsz Ming Tong, 2016 ABSTRACT The first generation of Protestant missionaries sent to the China mission, such as Robert Morrison and William Milne, were mostly translators, committing most of their time and energy to language studies, Scripture translation, writing grammar books and compiling dictionaries, as well as printing and distributing bibles and other Christian materials. With little instruction, limited resources, and formidable tasks ahead, these individuals worked under very challenging and at times dangerous conditions, always seeking financial support and recognition from their societies, their denominations and other patrons. These missionaries were much more than literary and linguistic academics – they operated as facilitators of the whole translational process, from research to distribution; they were mission agents in China, representing the interests and visions of their societies and patrons back home. Using rare Chinese Bible manuscripts, including one that has never been examined before, plus a large number of personal correspondence, journals and committee reports, this study seeks to understand the first generation of Protestant missionaries in their own mission settings, to examine the social fabrics within which they operated as “translators”, and to determine what factors and priorities dictated their translation decisions and mission strategies. Although Morrison is often credited with being the first translator of the New Testament into Chinese, the truth of the matter is far more complex. -
The Literary Field of Twentieth-Century China Chinese Worlds
The Literary Field of Twentieth-Century China Chinese Worlds Chinese Worlds publishes high-quality scholarship, research monographs, and source collections on Chinese history and society from 1900 into the next century. "Worlds" signals the ethnic, cultural, and political multiformity and regional diversity of China, the cycles of unity and division through which China's modern history has passed, and recent research trends toward regional studies and local issues. It also signals that Chineseness is not contained within territorial borders - overseas Chinese communities in all countries and regions are also "Chinese worlds". The editors see them as part of a political, economic, social, and cultural continuum that spans the Chinese mainland, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, South-East Asia, and the world. The focus of Chinese Worlds is on modern politics and society and history. It includes both history in its broader sweep and specialist monographs on Chinese politics, anthropology, political economy, sociology, education, and the social-science aspects of culture and religions. The Literary Field of New Fourth Army Twentieth-Century China Communist Resistance along the Edited by Michel Hockx Yangtze and the Huai, 1938-1941 Gregor Benton Chinese Business in Malaysia Accumulation, Ascendance, A Road is Made Accommodation Communism in Shanghai 1920-1927 Edmund Terence Gomez Steve Smith Internal and International Migration The Bolsheviks and the Chinese Chinese Perspectives Revolution 1919-1927 Edited by Frank N. Pieke and Hein Mallee Alexander -
Die Erzählung Xianggang Qinqi 香港親戚 Der Taiwanischen Autorin Xiao Sa 蕭颯
Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen Fakultät für Philosophie Asien-Orient-Institut Abteilung für Sinologie und Koreanistik Magisterarbeit im Fach Sinologie zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Magistra Artium (M. A.) Die Erzählung Xianggang qinqi 香港親戚 der taiwanischen Autorin Xiao Sa 蕭颯 Literarische Übersetzung und Übersetzungskritik Katharina Markgraf Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Hans Peter Hoffmann Zweitgutachter: Akademischer Oberrat Peter Kuhfus Eingereicht von: Katharina Christina Markgraf Tübingen, den 25.10.2011 DANK Ich möchte mich vor allem bei meinen Eltern bedanken: Sie ermöglichten mir das Studium und ich konnte mich immer auf sie verlassen. Darüber hinaus waren sie als Lektoren eine wunderbare Hilfe und haben mich bei sprachlichen Fragen mit guten Ideen versorgt. Mein Dank gilt weiterhin der Sprachlehrerin Cheng Peiling 程佩玲 von der National Taiwan University, die mein Interesse auf Xiao Sa und die Kurzgeschichte Xianggang qinqi lenkte. Großen Dank an Peter Hoffmann für die geduldige Betreuung meiner Arbeit: Seine be- ständige Ermunterung und Unterstützung haben mir geholfen, mich von der Übersetzung nicht entmutigen zu lassen. Bei Peter Kuhfus bedanke ich mich herzlich für seine Bereitschaft, meine Arbeit als Zweitkorrektor zu begutachten. Jan-Erik Gühring stand mir als Freund immer zur Seite. Er hat mich motiviert und un- terstützt und war jederzeit da, wenn ich ihn brauchte – ik dank je wel! Weiterhin gilt meine Verbundenheit meinen Freunden und Kommilitonen Michael Der- tinger, Virginia Leung und Thomas Gaiser, die mich mit Ideen, Anmerkungen und weiter- führender Literatur versorgten und eifrig Korrektur lasen. Meiner taiwanischen Freundin Kay Yang sei ebenfalls gedankt, da sie letzte Unklarhei- ten der Übersetzung aus dem Weg geräumt hat. iii ANMERKUNGEN Es handelt sich bei dieser Arbeit um die Besprechung eines Werkes der taiwanischen Auto- rin Xiao Sa. -
No.4 Thai-Yunnan Project Newsletter March 1989
[Last updated: 28 April 1992] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- No.4 Thai-Yunnan Project Newsletter March 1989 This NEWSLETTER is edited by Gehan Wijeyewardene and published in the Department of Anthropology, Research School of Pacific Studies; printed at Central Printery; the masthead is by Susan Wigham of Graphic Design (all of The Australian National University ).The logo is from a water colour , 'Tai women fishing' by Kang Huo Material in this NEWSLETTER may be freely reproduced with due acknowledgement. Correspondence is welcome and contributions will be given sympathetic consideration. (All correspondence to The Editor, Department of Anthropology, RSPacS, ANU, Box 4 GPO, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.) Number Four March 1989 ISSN 1032-500X contents Majorities, Minorities and National Boundaries 1 The Soviet View on Southeast Asia - Burma 2 The Luchuan Local Regime in Thai History 5 Translations: Oracle Chicken Bones of the Wa People in Ximeng, Yunnan 6 An Investigation of Marriage among the Tai of Sipsong Panna 10 The Irrigation System of Mengjinghong, Xishuangbanna 14 Translations (cont'd) An Investigation of Tattoos among the Dai of Xishuangbanna 16 The Correct Attitude and Approach for Handling Legal Cases 25 News 26 Recent Publications 26 Chinese Materials in the ANU Library relevant to the Thai-Yunnan Project 26 A Selection From the ANU Library Holdings on Yunnan in Thai 28 Project Bibliography 28 1 Majorities, Minorities and National Boundaries The complex relations forged between ethnic groups in mainland Southeast Asia over time is one of the best-known features of the ethnography of the region. Many scholars have documented these phenomena and interpreted them with great insight. -
Internationalization and Math
Internationalization and Math Test collection Made by ckepper • English • 2 articles • 156 pages Contents Internationalization 1. Arabic alphabet . 3 2. Bengali alphabet . 27 3. Chinese script styles . 47 4. Hebrew language . 54 5. Iotation . 76 6. Malayalam . 80 Math Formulas 7. Maxwell's equations . 102 8. Schrödinger equation . 122 Appendix 9. Article ourS ces and Contributors . 152 10. Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors . 154 Internationalization Arabic alphabet Arabic Alphabet Type Abjad Languages Arabic Time peri- 356 AD to the present od Egyptian • Proto-Sinaitic ◦ Phoenician Parent ▪ Aramaic systems ▪ Syriac ▪ Nabataean ▪ Arabic Al- phabet Arabic alphabet | Article 1 fo 2 3 َْ Direction Right-to-left األ ْب َج ِد َّية :The Arabic alphabet (Arabic ا ْل ُح ُروف al-ʾabjadīyah al-ʿarabīyah, or ا ْل َع َربِ َّية ISO ْ al-ḥurūf al-ʿarabīyah) or Arabic Arab, 160 ال َع َربِ َّية 15924 abjad is the Arabic script as it is codi- Unicode fied for writing Arabic. It is written Arabic alias from right to left in a cursive style and includes 28 letters. Most letters have • U+0600–U+06FF contextual letterforms. Arabic • U+0750–U+077F Originally, the alphabet was an abjad, Arabic Supplement with only consonants, but it is now con- • U+08A0–U+08FF sidered an "impure abjad". As with other Arabic Extended-A abjads, such as the Hebrew alphabet, • U+FB50–U+FDFF scribes later devised means of indicating Unicode Arabic Presentation vowel sounds by separate vowel diacrit- range Forms-A ics. • U+FE70–U+FEFF Arabic Presentation Consonants Forms-B • U+1EE00–U+1EEFF The basic Arabic alphabet contains 28 Arabic Mathematical letters. -
A Glossary of Words and Phrases in the Oral Performing and Dramatic
Yuan dynasty fresco of a dramatic performance, dated 1324. Preserved in the Shuishen Monastery attached to the Guangsheng Temple in Hongdong, Shanxi Province. Source: Yuanren zaju zhu, edited by Yang Jialuo, Taipei: Shijieshuju, 1961 A GLOSSARY OF WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE ORAL PERFORMING AND DRAMATIC LITERATURES OF THE JIN, YUAN, AND MING by DALE R. JOHNSON CENTER FOR CHINESE STUDIES THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR Open access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities/ Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Michigan Monographs in Chinese Studies Series Established 1968 Published by Center for Chinese Studies The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104-1608 © 2000 The Regents of the University of Michigan © The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Publications and Documents in Libraries and Archives ANSI/NISO/Z39.48—1992. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Johnson, Dale R. A glossary of words and phrases in the oral performing and dramatic literatures of the Jin, Yuan, and Ming = [Chin Yuan Ming chiang ch'ang yii hsi chu wen hsueh tz'u hui] / Dale R. Johnson, p. cm.—(Michigan monographs in Chinese studies, ISSN 1080-9053 ; 89) Parallel title in Chinese characters. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-89264- 138-X 1. Chinese drama-960-1644—Dictionaries-Chinese. 2. Folk literature, Chinese—Dictionaries-Chinese. 3. Chinese language—Dictionaries- English. I. Title: [Chin -
The Politics of Images: Chinese Cinema in the Context Of
THE POLITICS OF IMAGES: CHINESE CINEMA IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION by HONGMEIYU A DISSERTATION Presented to the Comparative Literature Program and the Graduate School ofthe University of Oregon in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the degree of Doctor ofPhilosophy June 2008 11 University of Oregon Graduate School Confirmation of Approval and Acceptance of Dissertation prepared by: Hongmei Yu Title: "Politics ofImages: Chinese Cinema in the Context of Globalization" This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the Doctor ofPhilosophy degree in the Department of Comparative Literature by: Tze-lan Sang, Chairperson, East Asian Languages & Literature David Leiwei Li, Member, English Janet Wasko, Member, Journalism and Communication Daisuke Miyao, Outside Member, East Asian Languages & Literature and Richard Linton, Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies/Dean ofthe Graduate School for the University of Oregon. June 14, 2008 Original approval signatures are on file with the Graduate School and the University of Oregon Libraries. iii © 2008 Hongmei Yu IV An Abstract ofthe Dissertation of Hongmei Yu for the degree of Doctor ofPhilosophy in the Comparative Literature Program to be taken June 2008 Title: THE POLITICS OF IMAGES: CHINESE CINEMA IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION Approved: _ Dr. Tze-Ian Sang This dissertation explores the interaction between filmmaking and the changing exigencies ofleftist political ideologies in China at different stages ofmodernity: semi colonial modernity, socialist modernity, and global modernity. Besides a historical examination ofthe left-wing cinema movement in the 1930s and socialist cinema in the Mao era, it focuses on the so-called "main melody" films that are either produced with financial backing by the state or sanctioned by governmental film awards in 1990s China. -
Western Regions"
Gong Zizhen and His Essay on the "Western Regions" David C. Wright Introduction In 1820, the famous scholar and poet-cw/n-geographer Gong Zizhen published an essay arguing the merits of establishing the "Western Regions" {Xiyu, the ancient name for Xinjiang or Chinese Turkestan) as a regular province and formally integrating it into the Qing state. His essay was never formally submitted to the emperor as a memorial and had little official impact during his lifetime, but it did earn respect for him in geographical and reformist circles and influenced the Qing court's late nineteenth century decision to transform the territory of the "Western Regions" into a formal province. The Rise of Frontier Studies in the Early Nineteenth Century Qing intellectual history included important contributions to what traditional Chinese scholars have called "history and geography of the north and west,"l or what we today might call "frontier studies." A truly astounding number of well-known Qing scholars, such as Gong Zizhen, Songyun, Wang Chang, Wen Tingshi, Li E, Qi Junzao, Qi Yunshi, Gu Guangqi, Li Wentian, Shengyu, Sun Chengze, Ke Shaomin, He Qiutao, He Shaoji, Cheng Enze, Zhu Yun, Ji Yun, Xu Song, Miao Quansun, Hong Jun, Zhang Mu, Qian Daxin, Zhao Yi, and many others wrote important historical and geographical studies of Manchuria, Mongolia, Xinjiang, and Tibet. Interest in the frontier reached a high point during the early nineteenth century. The reasons for this interest defy simple analysis because there does not seem to be any single major factor in the intellectual fabric of Qing China that produced it. -
Writing Pirates: Vernacular Fiction and Oceans in Late Ming China
Writing Pirates Writing Pirates Vernacular Fiction and Oceans in Late Ming China Yuanfei Wang University of Michigan Press Ann Arbor Copyright © 2021 by Yuanfei Wang Some rights reserved This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Note to users: A Creative Commons license is only valid when it is applied by the person or entity that holds rights to the licensed work. Works may contain components (e.g., photographs, illustrations, or quotations) to which the rightsholder in the work cannot apply the license. It is ultimately your responsibility to independently evaluate the copyright status of any work or component part of a work you use, in light of your intended use. To view a copy of this li- cense, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ For questions or permissions, please contact [email protected] Published in the United States of America by the University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America Printed on acid- free paper First published June 2021 A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication data has been applied for. ISBN 978- 0- 472- 13254- 6 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN 978- 0- 472- 03851- 0 (paper : alk. paper) ISBN 978- 0- 472- 90248- 4 (OA) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.11564671 This publication was made possible in part by an award from the James P. Geiss and Margaret Y. Hsu Foundation. Cover: Cover image from Qiu Ying’s Wokou tujuan, stored at the Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, Tokyo University.