Part 56—Piping Systems and Appurtenances

Pt. 56 46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–20 Edition)

PART 56—PIPING SYSTEMS AND 56.30–25 Flared, flareless, and compression fittings. APPURTENANCES 56.30–27 Caulked joints. 56.30–30 Brazed joints. Subpart 56.01—General 56.30–35 Gasketed mechanical couplings. Sec. 56.30–40 Flexible pipe couplings of the com- 56.01–1 Scope (replaces 100.1). pression or slip-on type. 56.01–2 Incorporation by reference. 56.01–3 Power boilers, external piping and Subpart 56.35—Expansion, Flexibility and appurtenances (Replaces 100.1.1, 100.1.2, Supports 122.1, 132 and 133). 56.01–5 Adoption of ASME B31.1 for power 56.35–1 Pipe stress calculations (replaces piping, and other standards. 119.7). 56.01–10 Plan approval. 56.35–10 Nonmetallic expansion joints (replaces 119.5.1). Subpart 56.04—Piping Classification 56.35–15 Metallic expansion joints (replaces 119.5.1). 56.04–1 Scope. 56.04–2 Piping classification according to Subpart 56.50—Design Requirements service. Pertaining to Specific Systems 56.04–10 Other systems. 56.50–1 General (replaces 122). Subpart 56.07—Design 56.50–10 Special gauge requirements. 56.50–15 Steam and exhaust piping. 56.07–5 Definitions (modifies 100.2). 56.07–10 Design conditions and criteria 56.50–20 Pressure relief piping. (modifies 101–104.7). 56.50–25 Safety and relief valve escape piping. Subpart 56.10—Components 56.50–30 Boiler feed piping. 56.50–35 Condensate pumps. 56.10–1 Selection and limitations of piping 56.50–40 BBlowoff piping (replaces 122.1.4). components (replaces 105 through 108). 56.50–45 Circulating pumps. 56.10–5 Pipe. 56.50–50 Bilge and ballast piping. 56.50–55 Bilge pumps. Subpart 56.15—Fittings 56.50–57 Bilge piping and pumps, alternative 56.15–1 Pipe joining fittings. requirements. 56.15–5 Fluid-conditioner fittings. 56.50–60 Systems containing oil. 56.15–10 Special purpose fittings. 56.50–65 Burner fuel-oil service systems. 56.50–70 Gasoline fuel systems. Subpart 56.20—Valves 56.50–75 Diesel fuel systems. 56.50–80 Lubricating-oil systems. 56.20–1 General. 56.50–85 Tank-vent piping. 56.20–5 Marking (modifies 107.2). 56.50–90 Sounding devices. 56.20–7 Ends. 56.50–95 Overboard discharges and shell con- 56.20–9 Valve construction. nections. 56.20–15 Valves employing resilient mate- 56.50–96 Keel cooler installations. rial. 56.50–97 Piping for instruments, control, 56.20–20 Valve bypasses. and sampling (modifies 122.3). 56.50–103 Fixed oxygen-acetylene distribu- Subpart 56.25—Pipe Flanges, Blanks, tion piping. Flange Facings, Gaskets, and Bolting 56.50–105 Low-temperature piping. 56.25–5 Flanges. 56.50–110 Diving support systems. 56.25–7 Blanks. 56.25–10 Flange facings. Subpart 56.60—Materials 56.25–15 Gaskets (modifies 108.4). 56.60–1 Acceptable materials and specifica- 56.25–20 Bolting. tions (replaces 123 and table 126.1 in Subpart 56.30—Selection and Limitations of ASME B31.1). 56.60–2 Limitations on materials. Piping Joints 56.60–3 Ferrous materials. 56.30–1 Scope (replaces 110 through 118). 56.60–5 Steel (High temperature applica- 56.30–3 Piping joints (reproduces 110). tions). 56.30–5 Welded joints. 56.60–10 Cast iron and malleable iron. 56.30–10 Flanged joints (modifies 104.5.1 (a)). 56.60–15 Ductile iron. 56.30–15 Expanded or rolled joints. 56.60–20 Nonferrous materials. 56.30–20 Threaded joints. 56.60–25 Nonmetallic materials.

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Subpart 56.65—Fabrication, Assembly and SOURCE: CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, Erection 1968, unless otherwise noted. 56.65–1 General (replaces 127 through 135). Subpart 56.01—General Subpart 56.70—Welding [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as 56.70–1 General. amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65171, 56.70–3 Limitations. 56.70–5 Material. Oct. 31, 2008] 56.70–10 Preparation (modifies 127.3). 56.70–15 Procedure. § 56.01–1 Scope (replaces 100.1). 56.70–20 Qualification, general. (a) This part contains requirements for the various ships’ and barges’ pip- Subpart 56.75—Brazing ing systems and appurtenances. 56.75–5 Filler metal. (b) The respective piping systems in- 56.75–10 Joint clearance stalled on ships and barges shall have 56.75–15 Heating the necessary pumps, valves, regula- 56.75–20 Brazing qualification. 56.75–25 Detail requirements. tion valves, safety valves, relief valves, 56.75–30 Pipe joining details. flanges, fittings, pressure gages, liquid level indicators, thermometers, etc., Subpart 56.80—Bending and Forming for safe and efficient operation of the vessel. 56.80–5 Bending. 56.80–10 Forming (reproduces 129.2). (c) Piping for industrial systems on 56.80–15 Heat treatment of bends and formed mobile offshore drilling units need not components. fully comply with the requirements of this part but must meet subpart 58.60 Subpart 56.85—Heat Treatment of Welds of this subchapter. 56.85–5 Heating and cooling method [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as 56.85–10 Preheating. amended by CGD 73–251, 43 FR 56799, Dec. 4, 56.85–15 Postheat treatment. 1978] Subpart 56.90—Assembly § 56.01–2 Incorporation by reference. 56.90–1 General. (a) Certain material is incorporated 56.90–5 Bolting procedure. 56.90–10 Threaded piping (modifies 135.5). by reference into this part with the approval of the Director of the Federal Subpart 56.95—Inspection Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition 56.95–1 General (replaces 136). other than that specified in this sec- 56.95–5 Rights of access of marine inspectors. tion, the Coast Guard must publish no- 56.95–10 Type and extent of examination re- tice of change in the FEDERAL REG- quired. ISTER and the material must be available to the public. All approved mate- Subpart 56.97—Pressure Tests rial is available for inspection at the 56.97–1 General (replaces 137). National Archives and Records Admin- 56.97–5 Pressure testing of nonstandard pip- istration (NARA). For information on ing system components. the availability of this material at 56.97–25 Preparation for testing (reproduces NARA, call 202–741–6030 or go to http:// 137.2). www.archives.gov/federallregister/ 56.97–30 Hydrostatic tests (modifies 137.4). codeloflfederallregulations/ 56.97–35 Pneumatic tests (replaces 137.5). ibrllocations.html. The material is also 56.97–38 Initial service leak test (reproduces available for inspection at the Coast 137.7). 56.97–40 Installation tests. Guard Headquarters. Contact Com- mandant (CG–ENG), Attn: Office of De- AUTHORITY: 33 U.S.C. 1321(j), 1509; 43 U.S.C. sign and Engineering Systems, U.S. 1333; 46 U.S.C. 3306, 3703; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; E.O. 12777, 56 Coast Guard Stop 7509, 2703 Martin Lu- FR 54757, 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p. 351; Depart- ther King Jr. Avenue SE., Washington, ment of Homeland Security Delegation No. DC 20593–7509. The material is also 0170.1. available from the sources listed below.

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(b) American National Standards Insti- (7) ASME B16.5–2003 Pipe Flanges and tute (ANSI), 25 West 43rd Street, New Flanged Fittings NPS 1⁄2 Through NPS York, NY 10036: 24 Metric/Inch Standard (2003) (‘‘ASME (1) ANSI/ASME B1.1–1982 Unified Inch B16.5’’), 56.25–20; 56.30–10; 56.60–1; Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread (8) ASME B16.9–2003 Factory-Made Form) (1982) (‘‘ANSI/ASME B1.1’’), Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings 56.25–20; 56.60–1; (2003) (‘‘ASME B16.9’’), 56.60–1; (2) ANSI/ASME B1.20.1–1983 Pipe (9) ASME B16.10–2000 Face-to-Face Threads, General Purpose (Inch) (1983) and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves (‘‘ANSI/ASME B1.20.1’’), 56.60–1; (2000) (‘‘ASME B16.10’’), 56.60–1; (3) ANSI/ASME B1.20.3–1976 (Re- (10) ASME B16.11–2001 Forged Fit- affirmed 1982) Dryseal Pipe Threads tings, Socket-Welding and Threaded (Inch) (‘‘ANSI/ASME B1.20.3’’), 56.60–1; (2001) (‘‘ASME B16.11’’), 56.30–5; 56.60–1; (4) ANSI/ASME B16.15–1985 [Re- (11) ASME B16.14–1991 Ferrous Pipe affirmed 1994] Cast Bronze Threaded Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuts with Fittings, Classes 125 and 250 (1985) Pipe Threads (1991) (‘‘ASME B16.14’’), (‘‘ANSI/ASME B16.15’’), 56.60–1; 56.60–1; (c) American Petroleum Institute (API), (12) ASME B16.18–2001 Cast Copper 1220 L Street, NW., Washington, DC Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings 20005–4070: (2001) (‘‘ASME B16.18’’), 56.60–1; (1) API Standard 607, Fire Test for (13) ASME B16.20–1998 (Revision of Soft-Seated Quarter-Turn Valves, Man- ASME B16.20 1993), Metallic Gaskets ufacturing, Distribution and Marketing for Pipe Flanges: Ring-Joint, Spiral- Department, Fourth Edition (1993) Wound, and Jacketed (1998) (‘‘ASME (‘‘API 607’’), 56.20–15; and B16.20’’), 56.60–1; (2) [Reserved] (14) ASME B16.21–2005 (Revision of (d) American Society of Mechanical En- ASME B16.21–1992) Nonmetallic Flat gineers (ASME) International, Three Gaskets for Pipe Flanges (May 31, 2005) Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016–5990: (‘‘ASME B16.21’’): 56.60–1; (1) 2001 ASME Boiler and Pressure (15) ASME B16.22–2001 (Revision of Vessel Code, Section I, Rules for Con- ASME B16.22–1995) Wrought Copper and struction of Power Boilers (July 1, 2001) Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure (‘‘Section I of the ASME Boiler and Fittings (Aug. 9, 2002) (‘‘ASME B16.22’’): Pressure Vessel Code’’), 56.15–1; 56.15–5; 56.60–1; 56.20–1; 56.60–1; 56.70–15; 56.95–10; (16) ASME B16.23–2002 (Revision of (2) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel ASME B16.23–1992) Cast Copper Alloy Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Rules Solder Joint Drainage Fittings: DWV for Construction of Pressure Vessels (Nov. 8, 2002) (‘‘ASME B16.23’’): 56.60–1; (1998 with 1999 and 2000 addenda) (17) ASME B16.24–2001 Cast Copper (‘‘Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fit- Pressure Vessel Code’’), 56.15–1; 56.15–5; tings, Class 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 56.20–1; 56.25–5; 56.30–10; 56.30–30; 56.60–1; and 2500 (2001) (‘‘ASME B16.24’’), 56.60–1; 56.60–2; 56.60–15; 56.95–10; (18) ASME B16.25–2003 Buttwelding (3) 1998 ASME Boiler & Pressure Ves- Ends (2003) (‘‘ASME B16.25’’), 56.30–5; sel Code, Section IX, Welding and Braz- 56.60–1; 56.70–10; ing Qualifications (1998) (‘‘Section IX (19) ASME B16.28–1994 Wrought Steel of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Ves- Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and sel Code’’), 56.70–5; 56.70–20; 56.75–20; Returns (1994) (‘‘ASME B16.28’’), 56.60–1; (4) ASME B16.1–1998 Cast Iron Pipe (20) ASME B16.29–2007 (Revision of Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes ASME B16.29–2001) Wrought Copper and 25, 125, 250 (1998) (‘‘ASME B16.1’’), 56.60– Wrought Copper Alloy Solder-Joint 1; 56.60–10; Drainage Fittings—DWV (Aug. 20, 2007) (5) ASME B16.3–1998 Malleable Iron (‘‘ASME B16.29’’), 56.60–1; Threaded Fittings, Classes 150 and 300 (21) ASME B16.34–1996 Valves— (1998) (‘‘ASME B16.3’’), 56.60–1; Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End (6) ASME B16.4–1998 Gray Iron (1996) (‘‘ASME B16.34’’), 56.20–1; 56.60–1; Threaded Fittings, Classes 125 and 250 (22) ASME B16.42–1998 Ductile Iron (1998) (‘‘ASME B16.4’’), 56.60–1; Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings,

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Classes 150 and 300 (1998) (‘‘ASME (7) ASTM A 135–97c, Standard Speci- B16.42’’), 56.60–1; fication for Electric-Resistance-Welded (23) ASME B18.2.1–1996 Square and Steel Pipe (‘‘ASTM A 135’’), 56.60–1; Hex Bolts and Screws (Inch Series) (8) ASTM A 139–96, Standard Speci- (1996) (‘‘ASME B18.2.1’’), 56.25–20; 56.60– fication for Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Weld- 1; ed Steel Pipe (NPS 4 and Over) (‘‘ASTM (24) ASME/ANSI B18.2.2–1987 Square A 139’’), 56.60–1; and Hex Nuts (Inch Series) (1987) (9) ASTM A 178/A 178M–95, Standard (‘‘ASME/ANSI B18.2.2’’), 56.25–20; 56.60– Specification for Electric-Resistance- 1; Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Man- (25) ASME B31.1–2001 Power Piping ganese Steel Boiler and Superheater ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 Tubes (‘‘ASTM A 178’’), 56.60–1; (2001) (‘‘ASME B31.1’’), 56.01–3; 56.01–5; (10) ASTM A179/A179M–90a (Re- 56.07–5; 56.07–10; 56.10–1; 56.10–5; 56.15–1; approved 2012), Standard Specification 56.15–5; 56.20–1; 56.25–7; 56.30–1; 56.30–5; for Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon 56.30–10; 56.30–20; 56.35–1; 56.50–1; 56.50– Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser 15; 56.50–40; 56.50–65; 56.50–70; 56.50–97; Tubes (‘‘ASTM A 179’’), (approved 56.60–1; 56.65–1; 56.70–10; 56.70–15; 56.80–5; March 1, 2012), incorporation by ref- 56.80–15; 56.95–1; 56.95–10; 56.97–1; erence approved for § 56.60–1; (26) ASME B36.10M–2004 Welded and (11) ASTM A 182/A 182M–97c, Standard Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe (2004) Specification for Forged or Rolled (‘‘ASME B36.10M’’), 56.07–5; 56.30–20; Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fit- 56.60–1; and tings, and Valves and Parts for High- (27) ASME B36.19M–2004 Stainless Temperature Service (‘‘ASTM A–182’’), Steel Pipe (2004) (‘‘ASME B36.19M’’), 56.50–105; 56.07–5; 56.60–1. (12) ASTM A 192/A 192M–91 (1996), (28) ASME SA–675 (1998), Specifica- Standard Specification for Seamless tion for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot- Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High- Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Pressure Service (‘‘ASTM A 192’’), Properties (‘‘ASME SA–675’’), 56.60–2. 56.60–1; (e) ASTM International, 100 Barr Har- (13) ASTM A 194/A 194M–98b, Stand- bor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West ard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Conshohocken, PA 19428–2959, 877–909– Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure 2786, http://www.astm.org: or High Temperature Service, or Both (1) ASTM A 36/A 36M–97a, Standard (‘‘ASTM A–194’’), 56.50–105; Specification for Carbon Structural (14) ASTM A 197–87 (1992), Standard Steel (‘‘ASTM A 36’’), 56.30–10; Specification for Cupola Malleable Iron (2) ASTM A 47–90 (1995), Standard (‘‘ASTM A 197’’), 56.60–1; Specification for Ferritic Malleable (15) ASTM A 210/A 210M–96, Standard Iron Castings (‘‘ASTM A 47’’), 56.60–1; Specification for Seamless Medium- (3) ASTM A 53–98, Standard Speci- Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater fication for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot- Tubes (‘‘ASTM A 210’’), 56.60–1; Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seam- (16) ASTM A 213/A 213M–95a, Stand- less (‘‘ASTM Specification A 53’’ or ard Specification for Seamless Ferritic ‘‘ASTM A 53’’), 56.10–5; 56.60–1; and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, (4) ASTM A 106–95, Standard Speci- Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger fication for Seamless Carbon Steel Tubes (‘‘ASTM A 213’’), 56.60–1; Pipe for High-Temperature Service (17) ASTM A214/A214M–96 (Re- (‘‘ASTM A 106’’), 56.60–1; approved 2012), Standard Specification (5) ASTM A 126–95, Standard Speci- for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon fication for Gray Iron Castings for Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings Tubes (‘‘ASTM A 214’’), (approved (‘‘ASTM A 126’’), 56.60–1; March 1, 2012), incorporation by ref- (6) ASTM A134–96 (Reapproved 2012), erence approved for § 56.60–1; Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, (18) ASTM A 226/A 226M–95, Standard Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes Specification for Electric-Resistance- NPS 16 and Over) (‘‘ASTM A 134’’), (ap- Welded Carbon Steel Boiler and Super- proved March 1, 2012), incorporation by heater Tubes for High-Pressure Service reference approved for § 56.60–1; (‘‘ASTM A 226’’), 56.60–1;

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(19) ASTM A 234/A 234M–97, Standard for Low-Temperature Service (‘‘ASTM Specification for Piping Fittings of A–352’’), 56.50–105; Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel (32) ASTM A 358/A 358M–95a, Stand- for Moderate and High Temperature ard Specification for Electric-Fusion- Service (‘‘ASTM A 234’’), 56.60–1; Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel (20) ASTM A 249/A 249M–96a, Stand- Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ard Specification for Welded Austenitic Service (‘‘ASTM A 358’’), 56.60–1; Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat-Ex- (33) ASTM A 369/A 369M–92, Standard changer, and Condenser Tubes (‘‘ASTM Specification for Carbon and Ferritic A 249’’), 56.60–1; Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for (21) ASTM A 268/A 268M–96, Standard High-Temperature Service (‘‘ASTM A Specification for Seamless and Welded 369’’), 56.60–1; Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless (34) ASTM A 376/A 376M–96, Standard Steel Tubing for General Service Specification for Seamless Austenitic (‘‘ASTM A 268’’), 56.60–1; Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Cen- (22) ASTM A 276–98, Standard Speci- tral-Station Service (‘‘ASTM A 376’’), fication for Stainless Steel Bars and 56.60–1; 56.60–2; Shapes (‘‘ASTM A 276’’), 56.60–2; (35) ASTM A 395/A 395M–98, Standard (23) ASTM A 307–97, Standard Speci- Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron fication for Carbon Steel Bolts and Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Studs, 60,000 PSI Tensile Strength Elevated Temperatures (‘‘ASTM A (‘‘ASTM A 307’’), 56.25–20; 395’’), 56.50–60; 56.60–1; 56.60–15; (24) ASTM A 312/A 312M–95a, Stand- (36) ASTM A 403/A 403M–98, Standard ard Specification for Seamless and Specification for Wrought Austenitic Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Piping Fittings Pipes (‘‘ASTM A–312’’ or ‘‘ASTM A (‘‘ASTM A 403’’), 56.60–1; 312’’), 56.50–105; 56.60–1; (37) ASTM A 420/A 420M–96a, Stand- (25) ASTM A 320/A 320M–97, Standard ard Specification for Piping Fittings of Specification for Alloy/Steel Bolting Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel Materials for Low-Temperature Serv- for Low-Temperature Service (‘‘ASTM ice (‘‘ASTM A–320’’), 56.50–105; A–420’’ or ‘‘ASTM A 420’’), 56.50–105; (26) ASTM A 333/A 333M–94, Standard 56.60–1; Specification for Seamless and Welded (38) ASTM A 520–97, Standard Speci- Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Serv- fication for Supplementary Require- ice (‘‘ASTM A–333’’ or ‘‘ASTM A 333’’), ments for Seamless and Electric-Re- 56.50–105; 56.60–1; sistance-Welded Carbon Steel Tubular (27) ASTM A 334/A 334M–96, Standard Products for High-Temperature Service Specification for Seamless and Welded Conforming to ISO Recommendations Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for Low- for Boiler Construction (‘‘ASTM A Temperature Service (‘‘ASTM A–334’’ 520’’), 56.60–1; or ‘‘ASTM A 334’’), 56.50–105; 56.60–1; (39) ASTM A 522/A 522M–95b, Stand- (28) ASTM A 335/A 335M–95a, Stand- ard Specification for Forged or Rolled 8 ard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges, Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Fittings, Valves, and Parts for Low- Service (‘‘ASTM A 335’’), 56.60–1; Temperature Service (‘‘ASTM A–522’’), (29) ASTM A 350/A 350M–97, Standard 56.50–105; Specification for Carbon and Low- (40) ASTM A 536–84 (Reapproved 2009), Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch; Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Toughness Testing for Piping Compo- Castings (‘‘ASTM A 536’’), (approved nents (‘‘ASTM A–350’’), 56.50–105; May 1, 2009), incorporation by reference (30) ASTM A 351/A 351M–94a, Stand- approved for § 56.60–1; ard Specification for Castings, Aus- (41) ASTM A 575–96 (Reapproved 2007), tenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), Standard Specification for Steel Bars, for Pressure-Containing Parts (‘‘ASTM Carbon, Merchant Quality, M-Grades A–351’’), 56.50–105; (‘‘ASTM A 575’’), (approved September (31) ASTM A 352/A 352M–93 (1998), 1, 2005), incorporation by reference ap- Standard Specification for Steel Cast- proved for § 56.60–2; ings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for (42) ASTM A576–90b (Reapproved Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable 2012), Standard Specification for Steel

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Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special loys (UNS NO6600, NO6601, NO6603, Quality (‘‘ASTM A576’’), (approved NO6690, NO6025, and NO6045) Seamless March 1, 2012), incorporation by ref- Pipe and Tube (‘‘ASTM B 167’’), 56.60–1; erence approved for § 56.60–2; (59) ASTM B 171–95, Standard Speci- (43) ASTM B 16–92, Standard Speci- fication for Copper-Alloy Plate and fication for Free-Cutting Brass Rod, Sheet for Pressure Vessels, Condensers, Bar, and Shapes for Use in Screw Ma- and Heat Exchangers (‘‘ASTM B 171’’), chines (‘‘ASTM B 16’’), 56.60–2; 56.60–2; (44) ASTM B 21–96, Standard Speci- (60) ASTM B 210–95, Standard Speci- fication for Naval Brass Rod, Bar, and fication for Aluminum and Aluminum- Shapes (‘‘ASTM B 21’’), 56.60–2; Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes (‘‘ASTM (45) ASTM B 26/B 26M–97, Standard B 210’’), 56.60–1; Specification for Aluminum-Alloy (61) ASTM B 234–95, Standard Speci- Sand Castings (‘‘ASTM B 26’’), 56.60–2; fication for Aluminum and Aluminum- (46) ASTM B 42–96, Standard Speci- Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes for Con- fication for Seamless Copper Pipe, densers and Heat Exchangers (‘‘ASTM Standard Sizes (‘‘ASTM B 42’’), 56.60–1; B 234’’), 56.60–1; (47) ASTM B 43–96, Standard Speci- (62) ASTM B 241/B 241M–96, Standard fication for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Specification for Aluminum and Alu- Standard Sizes (‘‘ASTM B 43’’), 56.60–1; minum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seam- (48) ASTM B 68–95, Standard Speci- less Extruded Tube (‘‘ASTM B 241’’), fication for Seamless Copper Tube, 56.60–1; Bright Annealed (‘‘ASTM B 68’’), 56.60– (63) ASTM B 280–97, Standard Speci- 1; fication for Seamless Copper Tube for (49) ASTM B 75–97, Standard Speci- Air Conditioning and Refrigeration fication for Seamless Copper Tube Field Service (‘‘ASTM B 280’’), 56.60–1; (‘‘ASTM B 75’’), 56.60–1; (64) ASTM B 283–96, Standard Speci- (50) ASTM B 85–96, Standard Speci- fication for Copper and Copper-Alloy fication for Aluminum-Alloy Die Cast- Die Forgings (Hot-Pressed) (‘‘ASTM B ings (‘‘ASTM B 85’’), 56.60–2; 283’’), 56.60–2; (51) ASTM B 88–96, Standard Speci- (65) ASTM B 315–93, Standard Speci- fication for Seamless Copper Water fication for Seamless Copper Alloy Tube (‘‘ASTM B 88’’), 56.60–1; Pipe and Tube (‘‘ASTM B 315’’), 56.60–1; (52) ASTM B 96–93, Standard Speci- (66) ASTM B 361–95, Standard Speci- fication for Copper-Silicon Alloy Plate, fication for Factory-Made Wrought Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar for Gen- Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Weld- eral Purposes and Pressure Vessels ing Fittings (‘‘ASTM B 361’’), 56.60–1; (‘‘ASTM B 96’’), 56.60–2; (67) ASTM B 858M–95, Standard Test (53) ASTM B 111–95, Standard Speci- Method for Determination of Suscepti- fication for Copper and Copper-Alloy bility to Stress Corrosion Cracking in Seamless Condenser Tubes and Ferrule Copper Alloys Using an Ammonia Stock (‘‘ASTM B 111’’), 56.60–1; Vapor Test (‘‘ASTM B 858M’’), 56.60–2; (54) ASTM B 124–96, Standard Speci- (68) ASTM E 23–96, Standard Test fication for Copper and Copper Alloy Methods for Notched Bar Impact Test- Forging Rod, Bar, and Shapes (‘‘ASTM ing of Metallic Materials (‘‘ASTM E B 124’’), 56.60–2; 23’’), 56.50–105; (55) ASTM B 134–96, Standard Speci- (69) ASTM F682–82a (Reapproved fication for Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fu- 2008), Standard Specification for sion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16 and Wrought Carbon Steel Sleeve-Type Over) (‘‘ASTM B 134’’), 56.60–1; Pipe Couplings (‘‘ASTM F 682’’), (ap- (56) ASTM B 161–93, Standard Speci- proved November 1, 2008), incorporation fication for Nickel Seamless Pipe and by reference approved for § 56.60–1; Tube (‘‘ASTM B 161’’), 56.60–1; (70) ASTM F1006–86 (Reapproved (57) ASTM B 165–93, Standard Speci- 2008), Standard Specification for En- fication of Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS trainment Separators for Use in Ma- NO4400) Seamless Pipe and Tube rine Piping Applications (‘‘ASTM F (‘‘ASTM B 165’’), 56.60–1; 1006’’), (approved November 1, 2008), in- (58) ASTM B 167–97a, Standard Speci- corporation by reference approved for fication for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Al- § 56.60–1;

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(71) ASTM F1007–86 (Reapproved Conditioner Fittings in Piping Applica- 2007), Standard Specification for Pipe- tions above 0 °F (‘‘ASTM F 1201’’), line Expansion Joints of the Packed (approved May 1, 2010), incorporation Slip Type for Marine Application by reference approved for § 56.60–1; (‘‘ASTM F 1007’’), (approved December (81) ASTM F 1387–93, Standard Speci- 1, 2007), incorporation by reference ap- fication for Performance of Mechani- proved for § 56.60–1; cally Attached Fittings (‘‘ASTM F (72) ASTM F1020–86 (Reapproved 1387’’), 56.30–25; 2011), Standard Specification for Line- (82) ASTM F 1476–95a, Standard Spec- Blind Valves for Marine Applications ification for Performance of Gasketed (‘‘ASTM F 1020’’), (approved April 1, Mechanical Couplings for Use in Piping 2011), incorporation by reference ap- Applications (‘‘ASTM F 1476’’), 56.30–35; proved for § 56.60–1; and (73) ASTM F1120–87 (Reapproved (83) ASTM F 1548–94, Standard Speci- 2010), Standard Specification for Cir- fication for the Performance of Fit- cular Metallic Bellows Type Expansion tings for Use with Gasketed Mechan- Joints for Piping Applications (‘‘ASTM ical Couplings, Used in Piping Applica- F 1120’’), (approved May 1, 2010), incor- tions (‘‘ASTM F 1548’’), 56.30–35. poration by reference approved for (f) Expansion Joint Manufacturers As- § 56.60–1; sociation Inc. (EJMA), 25 North Broad- (74) ASTM F1123–87 (Reapproved way, Tarrytown, NY 10591: 2010), Standard Specification for Non- (1) Standards of the Expansion Joint Metallic Expansion Joints (‘‘ASTM F Manufacturers Association, 1980, 56.60– 1123’’), (approved March 1, 2010), incor- 1; and poration by reference approved for (2) [Reserved] § 56.60–1; (g) Fluid Controls Institute Inc. (FCI), (75) ASTM F1139–88 (Reapproved 31 South Street, Suite 303, Morristown, 2010), Standard Specification for Steam NJ 07960: Traps and Drains (‘‘ASTM F 1139’’), (1) FCI 69–1 Pressure Rating Standard (approved March 1, 2010), incorporation for Steam Traps (‘‘FCI 69–1’’), 56.60–1; by reference approved for § 56.60–1; and (76) ASTM F1172–88 (Reapproved 2010), Standard Specification for Fuel (2) [Reserved] Oil Meters of the Volumetric Positive (h) International Maritime Organiza- Displacement Type (‘‘ASTM F 1172’’), tion (IMO), Publications Section, 4 Al- (approved March 1, 2010), incorporation bert Embankment, London, SE1 7SR by reference approved for § 56.60–1; United Kingdom: (77) ASTM F 1173–95, Standard Speci- (1) Resolution A.753(18), Guidelines fication for Thermosetting Resin Fi- for the Application of Plastic Pipes on berglass Pipe and Fittings to be Used Ships, adopted on 4 November 1993 for Marine Applications (‘‘ASTM F (‘‘IMO Resolution A.753(18)’’), IBR ap- 1173’’), 56.60–1; proved for 56.60–25(a). (78) ASTM F1199–88 (Reapproved (2) Resolution MSC.313(88), Amend- 2010), Standard Specification for Cast ments to the Guidelines for the Appli- (All Temperatures and Pressures) and cation of Plastic Pipes on Ships, adopt- Welded Pipe Line Strainers (150 psig ed 26 November 2010 (‘‘IMO Resolution and 150 °F Maximum) (‘‘ASTM F MSC.313(88)’’), IBR approved for § 56.60– 1199’’), (approved March 1, 2010), incor- 25(a). poration by reference approved for (i) International Organization for § 56.60–1; Standardization (ISO), Case Postal 56, (79) ASTM F1200–88 (Reapproved CH–1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland: 2010), Standard Specification for Fab- (1) ISO 15540 Ships and Marine Tech- ricated (Welded) Pipe Line Strainers nology-Fire Resistance of Hose Assem- (Above 150 psig and 150 °F) (‘‘ASTM F blies-Test Methods, First Edition (Aug. 1200’’), (approved March 1, 2010), incor- 1, 1999) (‘‘ISO 15540’’), 56.60–25; and poration by reference approved for (2) [Reserved] § 56.60–1; (j) Instrument Society of America (ISA), (80) ASTM F1201–88 (Reapproved 67 Alexander Drive, Research Triangle 2010), Standard Specification for Fluid Park, NC 27709:

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(1) ISA–S75.02 (1996) (‘‘ISA–S75.02’’), (l) Society of Automotive Engineers 56.20–15; and (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Drive, (2) [Reserved] Warrendale, PA 15096: (k) Manufacturers Standardization So- (1) J1475 (1996) Surface Vehicle Hy- ciety of the Valve and Fittings Industry, draulic Hose Fittings for Marine Appli- Inc. (MSS), 127 Park Street NE, Vienna, cations (June 1996) (‘‘SAE J1475’’), VA 22180: 56.60–25; and (1) SP–6–2001 Standard Finishes for (2) J1942 (1997) Standards Hose and Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Con- Hose Assemblies for Marine Applica- necting-End Flanges of Valves and Fit- tions (May 1997) (‘‘SAE J1942’’), 56.60– tings (2001) (‘‘MSS SP–6’’), 56.25–10; 25. 56.60–1; (2) SP–9–2001 Spot Facing for Bronze, [USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65171, Oct. 31, 2008, Iron and Steel Flanges (2001) (‘‘MSS as amended by USCG–2009–0702, 74 FR 49228, SP–9’’), 56.60–1; Sept. 25, 2009; USCG–2012–0832, 77 FR 59777, (3) SP–25–1998 Standard Marking Sys- Oct. 1, 2012; USCG–2012–0866, 78 FR 13250, Feb. tem for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and 27, 2013; USCG–2013–0671, 78 FR 60148, Sept. 30, Unions (1998) (‘‘MSS SP–25’’), 56.15–1; 2013; USCG–2012–0196, 81 FR 48251, July 22, 2016] 56.20–5; 56.60–1; (4) SP–44–1996 Steel Pipe Line § 56.01–3 Power boilers, external pip- Flanges (Reaffirmed 2001) (‘‘MSS SP– ing and appurtenances (Replaces 44’’), 56.60–1; 100.1.1, 100.1.2, 122.1, 132 and 133). (5) SP–45–2003 Bypass and Drain Con- nections (2003) (‘‘MSS SP–45’’), 56.20–20; (a) Power boiler external piping and 56.60–1; components must meet the require- (6) SP–51–2003 Class 150LW Corrosion ments of this part and §§ 52.01–105, 52.01– Resistant Cast Flanges and Flanged 110, 52.01–115, and 52.01–120 of this chap- Fittings (2003) (‘‘MSS SP–51’’), 56.60–1; ter. (7) SP–53–95 Quality Standard for (b) Specific requirements for external Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, piping and appurtenances of power Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping boilers, as defined in §§ 100.1.1 and Components–Magnetic Particle Exam- 100.1.2, appearing in the various para- ination Method (1995) (‘‘MSS SP–53’’), graphs of ASME B31.1 (incorporated by 56.60–1; reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2), are not (8) SP–55–2001 Quality Standard for adopted unless specifically indicated Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges and elsewhere in this part. Fittings and Other Piping Compo- nents–Visual Method (2001) (‘‘MSS SP– [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 55’’), 56.60–1; 39968, Oct. 1, 1990; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65174, Oct. 31, 2008] (9) SP–58 Pipe Hangers and Supports– Materials, Design and Manufacture § 56.01–5 Adoption of ASME B31.1 for (1993) (‘‘MSS SP–58’’), 56.60–1; power piping, and other standards. (10) SP–61–2003 Pressure Testing of Steel Valves (2003) (‘‘MSS SP–61’’), (a) Piping systems for ships and 56.60–1; barges must be designed, constructed, (11) SP–67 Butterfly Valves (1995) and inspected in accordance with (‘‘MSS SP–67’’), 56.60–1; ASME B31.1 (incorporated by reference; (12) SP–69 Pipe Hangers and Sup- see 46 CFR 56.01–2), as limited, modi- ports–Selection and Application (1996) fied, or replaced by specific require- (‘‘MSS SP–69’’), 56.60–1; ments in this part. The provisions in (13) SP–72 Ball Valves with Flanged the appendices to ASME B31.1 are or Butt-Welding Ends for General Serv- adopted and must be followed when the ice (1987) (‘‘MSS SP–72’’), 56.60–1; requirements of ASME B31.1 or the (14) SP–73 (R 96) Brazing Joints for rules in this part make them manda- Copper and Copper Pressure Fittings tory. For general information, table (1991) (‘‘MSS SP–73’’), 56.60–1; and 56.01–5(a) lists the various paragraphs (15) SP–83 Class 3000 Steel Pipe and sections in ASME B31.1 that are Unions, Socket Welding and Threaded limited, modified, replaced, or repro- (1995) (‘‘MSS SP–83’’), 56.60–1; duced by rules in this part.

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TABLE 56.01–5(a)—LIMITATIONS AND MODIFICA- applicable to piping systems that also TIONS IN THE ADOPTION OF ASME B31.1 FOR constitute this subchapter. PRESSURE AND POWER PIPING [USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65175, Oct. 31, 2008] Section or paragraph in ASME B31.1 and disposition Unit in this part § 56.01–10 Plan approval. 100.1 replaced by ...... 56.01–1. (a) Plans and specifications for new 100.2 modified by ...... 56.07–5. construction and major alterations 101 through 104.7 modified 56.07–10. by. showing the respective piping systems 101.2 modified by ...... 56.07–10(a), (b). shall be submitted, as required by sub- 101.5 replaced by ...... 56.07–10(c). part 50.20 of this subchapter. 102.2 modified by ...... 56.07–10(d). (b) Piping materials and appliances, 102.3 and 104.1.2 modified 56.07–10(e). by. such as pipe, tubing, fittings, flanges, 104.3 modified by ...... 56.07–10(f). and valves, except safety valves and 104.4 modified by ...... 56.07–10(e). safety relief valves covered in part 162 104.5.1 modified by ...... 56.30–10. of subchapter Q (Specifications) of this 105 through 108 replaced by 56.10–1 through 56.25–20. 110 through 118 replaced by 56.30–1 through 56.30–35. chapter, are not required to be specifi- 119.5.1 replaced by ...... 56.35–10, 56.35–15. cally approved by the Commandant, 119.7 replaced by ...... 56.35–1. but shall comply with the applicable 122.1.4 replaced by ...... 56.50–40. 122.3 modified by ...... 56.50–97. requirements for materials, construc- 122.6 through 122.10 re- 56.50–1 through 56.50–80. tion, markings, and testing. These ma- placed by. terials and appliances shall be certified 123 replaced by ...... 56.60–1. as described in part 50 of this sub- Table 126.1 is replaced by .... 56.30–5(c)(3), 56.60–1. 127 through 135 replaced by 56.65–1, 56.70–10 through chapter. Drawings listing material 56.90–10. specifications and showing details of 136 replaced by ...... 56.95–1 through 56.95–10. welded joints for pressure-containing 137 replaced by ...... 56.97–1 through 56.97–40. appurtenances of welded construction shall be submitted in accordance with (viii) (b) When a section or paragraph paragraph (a) of this section. of the regulations in this part relates to material in ASME B31.1, the rela- (c)(1) Prior to installation aboard tionship with ASME B31.1 will appear ship, diagrams of the following systems immediately after the heading of the shall be submitted for approval: section or at the beginning of the para- (i) Steam and exhaust piping. graph as follows: (ii) Boiler feed and blowoff piping. (1) (Modifies ll.) This indicates that (iii) Safety valve escape piping. the material in ASME B31.1 so num- (iv) Fuel oil service, transfer and fill- bered for identification is generally ap- ing piping. (Service includes boiler fuel plicable but is being altered, amplified, and internal combustion engine fuel or augmented. piping.) (2) (Replaces ll.) This indicates (v) Fire extinguishing systems in- that the material in ASME B31.1 so cluding fire main and sprinkler piping, numbered for identification does not inert gas and foam. apply. (vi) Bilge and ballast piping. (3) (Reproduces ll.) This indicates (vii) Tank cleaning piping. that the material in ASME B31.1 so (viii) Condenser circulating water numbered for identification is being piping. identically reproduced for convenience, (ix) Vent, sound and overflow piping. not for emphasis. (c) As stated in § 56.01–2 of this chap- (x) Sanitary drains, soil drains, deck ter, the standards of the American Na- drains, and overboard discharge piping. tional Standards Institute (ANSI) and (xi) Internal combustion engine ex- ASME specifically referred to in this haust piping. (Refer to part 58 of this part must be the governing require- subchapter for requirements.) ments for the matters covered unless (xii) Cargo piping. specifically limited, modified, or re- (xiii) Hot water heating systems if placed by other rules in this sub- the temperature is greater than 121 chapter. See 46 CFR 56.60–1(b) for the °C(250 °F). other adopted commercial standards (xiv) Compressed air piping.

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(xv) Fluid power and control systems units must be submitted under subpart (hydraulic, pneumatic). (Refer to sub- 58.60 of this subchapter. part 58.30 of this subchapter for specific (e) Where piping passes through wa- requirements.) tertight bulkheads and/or fire bound- (xvi) Lubricating oil piping. aries, plans of typical details of piping (xvii) Refrigeration and air condi- penetrations shall be submitted. tioning piping. (Refer to part 58 of this (f) Arrangement drawings specified in subchapter for specific requirements.) paragraph (c)(2) of this section are not (2) Arrangement drawings of the fol- required if— lowing systems shall also be submitted (1) The location of each component prior to installation: for which there is a location require- (i) All Classes I, I-L, and II-L sys- ment (i.e., shell penetration, fire sta- tems. tion, foam monitor, etc.) is indicated (ii) All Class II firemain, foam, sprin- on the piping diagram; kler, bilge and ballast, vent sounding (2) The diagram includes, or is ac- and overflow systems. companied by and makes reference to, (iii) Other Class II systems only if a material schedule which describes specifically requested or required by components in sufficient detail to sub- regulations in this subchapter. stantiate their compliance with the (d)(1) The drawings or diagrams shall regulations of this subchapter; include a list of material, furnishing (3) A thermal stress analysis is not pipe diameters, wall thicknesses, de- required; and sign pressure, fluid temperature, appli- (4) A dynamic analysis is neither re- cable ASTM material or ANSI compo- quired nor elected in lieu of allowable nent specification, type, size, design stress reduction. standard, and rating of valves, flanges, and fittings. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (2) Pump rated capacity and pump amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; shutoff head shall appear on piping dia- CGD 73–251, 43 FR 56799, Dec. 4, 1978, CGD 77– grams. Pump characteristic curves 140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 shall be submitted for all pumps in the FR 48049, Sept. 18, 1995] firemain and foam systems. These curves need not be submitted if the fol- Subpart 56.04—Piping lowing information is shown on the Classification drawing: (i) Rated capacity and head at rated § 56.04–1 Scope. capacity. (ii) Shutoff head. Piping shall be classified as shown in (iii) Head at 150 percent rated capac- table 56.04–1. ity. TABLE 56.04–1—PIPING CLASSIFICATIONS (3) Standard drawings of the following fabrication details shall be sub- Service Class Section in mitted: this part (i) Welding details for piping connec- Normal ...... I, II ...... 56.04 –2 tions. Low temperature ...... I-L, II-L ...... 56.50–105 (ii) Welding details for nonstandard fittings (when appropriate). [CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973, as (d–1) Plans of piping for industrial amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, systems on mobile offshore drilling 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48049, Sept. 18, 1995]

§ 56.04–2 Piping classification according to service. The designation of classes according to service is found in table 56.04–2.

TABLE 56.04–2—PRESSURE PIPING CLASSIFICATION

Service Class 1 Pressure (p.s.i.g.) Temp. (°F)

Class B and C poisons 2 ...... I ...... any ...... and ...... 0 and above. I-L ...... any ...... and ...... below 0.

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TABLE 56.04–2—PRESSURE PIPING CLASSIFICATION—Continued

Service Class 1 Pressure (p.s.i.g.) Temp. (°F)

II ...... (3 ) ...... (3 ) ...... (3 ) II-L ...... (3 ) ...... (3 ) ...... (3 ) Gases and vapors 2 ...... I ...... above 150 ...... or ...... above 650. I-L ...... above 150 ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... 0 to 650. II-L ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... below 0. Liquefied flammable gases 2 ...... I ...... above 150 ...... and ...... 0 and above. 1 I-L ...... above 150 ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... 0 and above. II-L ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... below 0. Molten sulphur ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 330. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 330 and below. Cargo liquids Grades A through D 2 ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 150. I-L ...... above 225 ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 0 to 150. II-L ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... below 0. Cargo liquids Grade E ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. I-L ...... above 225 ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 0 to 400. II-L ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... below 0. Water ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 350. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 350 and below. Fuels (Bunker, diesel, gasoline, etc.) ...... I ...... above 150 ...... or ...... above 150. II ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... 150 and below. Lubricating oil ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 400 and below. Asphalt ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 400 and below. Heat transfer oil ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 400 and below. Hydraulic fluid ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 400 and below.

Flammable or combustible dangerous cargoes...... Refer to specific requirements of part 40 of this chapter. Other dangerous cargoes...... Refer to specific requirements of part 98 of this chapter.

1 Where doubt exists as to proper classification, refer to the Commandant for resolution. 2 For definitions, see 46 CFR parts 30, 151, and 154. Note that the category ‘‘B and C’’ poisons is not used in the rules applying to self-propelled vessels (46 CFR part 153). 3 Not permitted except inside cargo tanks approved for Class B and C poisons.

[CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40164, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 73–96, 42 FR 49024, Sept. 26, 1977]

§ 56.04–10 Other systems. Subpart 56.07—Design Piping systems and appurtenances not requiring plan approval may be ac- § 56.07–5 Definitions (modifies 100.2). cepted by the marine inspector if: (a) Piping. The definitions contained (a) The system is suitable for the in 100.2 of ASME B31.1 (incorporated by service intended, reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) apply, as (b) There are guards, shields, insula- well as the following: tion and similar devices where needed (1) The word piping within the mean- for protection of personnel, ing of the regulations in this sub- (c) Failure of the systems would not chapter refers to fabricated pipes or hazard the vessel, personnel or vital tubes with flanges and fittings at- systems, and tached, for use in the conveyance of va- (d) The system is not manifestly un- pors, gases or liquids, regardless of safe. whether the diameter is measured on the inside or the outside. [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989] (b) Nominal diameter. The term nominal diameter or diameter as used in this part, means the commercial diameter of the piping, i.e., pipe size.

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(c) Schedule. The word Schedule when (ix) Any other marine-engineering used in this part refers to specific val- system identified by the cognizant ues as given in ASME B36.10M and OCMI as crucial to the survival of the B36.19M (both incorporated by ref- vessel or to the protection of the per- erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). sonnel aboard. (d) Fittings and appurtenances. The (2) For the purpose of this sub- word fitting and the phrase fittings and chapter, a system not identified by appurtenances within the meaning of paragraph (1) of this definition is a the regulations in this subchapter refer non-vital system. to pressure containing piping system (g) Plate flange. The term plate flange, components other than valves and pipe. as used in this subchapter, means a This includes piping system compo- flange made from plate material, and nents whose function is to join may have a raised face and/or a raised branches of the system (such as tees, hub. wyes, elbows, unions, bushings, etc.) [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as which are referred to as pipe joining amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, fittings, as well as components which 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; operate on the fluid contained in the USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65175, Oct. 31, 2008] system (such as traps, drains, strainers, separators, filters, meters, etc.), § 56.07–10 Design conditions and cri- which are referred to as ‘‘fluid condi- teria (modifies 101–104.7). tioner’’ fittings. Thermometer wells (a) Maximum allowable working pres- and other similar fittings which form sure. (1) The maximum allowable work- part of the pressure barrier of any sys- ing pressure of a piping system must tem are included under this heading. not be greater than the internal design Expansion joints, slip joints, rotary pressure defined in 104.1.2 of ASME joints, quick disconnect couplings, etc., B31.1 (incorporated by reference; see 46 are referred to as special purpose fit- CFR 56.01–2). tings, and may be subject to such spe- (2) Where the maximum allowable cial design and testing requirements as working pressure of a system compo- prescribed by the Commandant. Refer nent, such as a valve or a fitting, is to subpart 56.15 for design require- less than that computed for the pipe or ments for fittings. tubing, the system pressure shall be (e) Nonstandard fittings. ‘‘Non- limited to the lowest of the component standard fitting’’ means a component maximum allowable working pressures. of a piping system which is not fab- (b) Relief valves. (modifies 101.2). (1) ricated under an adopted industry Every system which may be exposed to standard. pressures higher than the system’s (f) Vital systems. (1) Vital systems are maximum allowable working pressure those systems that are vital to a ves- shall be safeguarded by appropriate re- sel’s survivability and safety. For the lief devices. (See § 52.01–3 of this sub- purpose of this subchapter, the fol- chapter for definitions.) Relief valves lowing are vital systems: are required at pump discharges except (i) Systems for fill, transfer, and for centrifugal pumps so designed and service of fuel oil; applied that a pressure in excess of the (ii) Fire-main systems; maximum allowable working pressure (iii) Fixed gaseous fire-extinguishing for the system cannot be developed. systems; (2) The relief valve setting shall not (iv) Bilge systems; exceed the maximum allowable work- (v) Ballast systems; ing pressure of the system. Its reliev- (vi) Steering systems and steering- ing capacity shall be sufficient to pre- control systems; vent the pressure from rising more (vii) Propulsion systems and their than 20 percent above the system max- necessary auxiliaries and control sys- imum allowable working pressure. The tems; rated relieving capacity of safety and (viii) Ship’s service and emergency relief valves used in the protection of electrical-generation systems and their piping systems only shall be based on auxiliaries vital to the vessel’s surviv- actual flow test data and the capacity ability and safety; shall be certified by the manufacturer

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at 120 percent of the set pressure of the (f) Intersections (modifies 104.3). The valve. material in 104.3 of ASME B31.1 is ap- (3) Relief valves shall be certified as plicable with the following additions: required in part 50 of this subchapter (1) Reinforcement calculations where for valves, and shall also meet the re- applicable shall be submitted. quirements of § 54.15–10 of this sub- (2) Wherever possible the longitu- chapter. dinal joint of a welded pipe should not (c) Ship motion dynamic effects be pierced. (replaces 101.5.3). Piping system designs shall account for the effects of ship mo- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, tion and flexure, including weight, 1970; 37 FR 16803, Aug. 19, 1972; CGD 73–254, 40 yaw, sway, roll, pitch, heave, and vi- FR 40164, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, 54 FR bration. 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, (d) Ratings for pressure and tempera- Sept. 18, 1995; CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51200, Sept. ture (modifies 102.2). The material in 30, 1997; USCG–1998–4442, 63 FR 52190, Sept. 30, 102.2 of ASME B31.1 applies, with the 1998; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65175, Oct. 31, following exceptions: 2008] (1) The details of components not having specific ratings as described in Subpart 56.10—Components 102.2.2 of ASME B31.1 must be furnished to the Marine Safety Center for ap- § 56.10–1 Selection and limitations of proval. piping components (replaces 105 through 108). (1) The details of components not having specific ratings as described in (a) Pipe, tubing, pipe joining fittings, 102.2.2 of ANSI B31.1 must be furnished and piping system components, shall to the Marine Safety Center for ap- meet material and standard require- proval. ments of subpart 56.60 and shall meet (2) Boiler blowoff piping must be de- the certification requirements of part signed in accordance with § 56.50–40 of 50 of this subchapter. this part. (b) The requirements in this subpart (e) Pressure design (modifies 102.3, and in subparts 56.15 through 56.25 104.1.2, and 104.4). (1) Materials for use must be met instead of those in 105 in piping must be selected as described through 108 in ASME B31.1 (incor- in § 56.60–1(a) of this part. Tabulated porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– values of allowable stress for these ma- 2); however, certain requirements are terials must be measured as indicated marked ‘‘reproduced.’’ in 102.3.1 of ASME B31.1 and in tables 56.60–1 and 56.60–2(a) of this part. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, (2) Allowable stress values, as found 1970; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65175, Oct. 31, in the ASME Code, which are restricted 2008] in application by footnote or are italicized shall not be used. Where mul- § 56.10–5 Pipe. tiple stresses are listed for a material, (a) General. Pipe and tubing shall be the lowest value of the listing shall be selected as described in table 56.60–1(a). used unless otherwise approved by the (b) Ferrous pipe. ASTM Specification Commandant. In all cases the tempera- A 53 (incorporated by reference, see ture is understood to be the actual § 56.01–2) furnace welded pipe shall not temperature of the component. be used for combustible or flammable (3) Where the operator desires to use liquids within machinery spaces. (See a material not listed, permission must §§ 30.10–15 and 30.10–22 of this chapter.) be obtained from the Commandant. Re- quirements for testing found in § 56.97– (c) Nonferrous pipe. (See also § 56.60– 40(a)(2) and § 56.97–40(a)(4) may affect 20.) (1) Copper and brass pipe for water design and should be considered. Spe- and steam service may be used for de- cial design limitations may be found sign pressures up to 250 pounds per for specific systems. Refer to subpart square inch and for design tempera- 56.50 for specific requirements. tures to 406 °F.

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(2) Copper and brass pipe for air may (c) Pipe joining fittings not accepted be used in accordance with the allow- for use in piping systems in accordance able stresses found from table 56.60– with paragraph (b) of this section must 1(a). meet the following: (3) Copper-nickel alloys may be used (1) All pressure-containing materials for water and steam service within the must be accepted in accordance with design limits of stress and temperature § 56.60–1 of this part. indicated in ASME B31.1 (incorporated (2) Fittings must be designed so that by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). the maximum allowable working pres- (4) Copper tubing may be used for sure does not exceed one-fourth of the dead-end instrument service up to 1,000 burst pressure or produce a primary pounds per square inch. stress greater than one-fourth of the (5) Copper, brass, or aluminum pipe ultimate tensile strength of the mate- or tube shall not be used for flammable rial for Class II systems and for all fluids except where specifically per- Class I, I-L, and II-L systems receiving mitted by this part. ship motion dynamic analysis and non- (6) Aluminum-alloy pipe or tube destructive examination. For Class I, I- along with similar junction equipment L, or II-L systems not receiving ship may be used within the limitation stat- motion dynamic analysis and non- ed in 124.7 of ASME B31.1 and para- destructive examination under § 56.07– graph (c)(5) of this section. 10(c) of this part, the maximum allow- (d) Nonmetallic pipe. Plastic pipe may able working pressure must not exceed be used subject to the conditions de- one-fifth of the burst pressure or scribed in § 56.60–25. produce a primary stress greater than one-fifth of the ultimate tensile [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as strength of the material. The max- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, imum allowable working pressure may 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; be determined by— CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95– (i) Calculations comparable to those 028, 62 FR 51200, Sept. 30, 1997; USCG–2000– 7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000; USCG–2003– of ASME B31.1 (incorporated by ref- 16630, 73 FR 65175, Oct. 31, 2008] erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) or section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (incorporated by reference; Subpart 56.15—Fittings see 46 CFR 56.01–2); (ii) Subjecting a representative SOURCE: CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, model to a proof test or experimental 1989, unless otherwise noted. stress analysis described in paragraph A–22 of section I of the ASME Boiler § 56.15–1 Pipe joining fittings. and Pressure Vessel Code (incorporated (a) Pipe joining fittings certified in by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2); or accordance with subpart 50.25 of this (iii) Other means specifically accept- subchapter are acceptable for use in ed by the Marine Safety Center. piping systems. (3) Fittings must be tested in accord- (b) Threaded, flanged, socket-weld- ance with § 56.97–5 of this part. ing, buttwelding, and socket-brazing (4) If welded, fittings must be welded pipe joining fittings, made in accord- in accordance with subpart 56.70 of this ance with the applicable standards in part and part 57 of this chapter or by tables 56.60–1(a) and 56.60–1(b) of this other processes specifically approved part and of materials complying with by the Marine Safety Center. In addi- subpart 56.60 of this part, may be used tion, for fittings to be accepted for use in piping systems within the material, in piping systems in accordance with size, pressure, and temperature limita- this paragraph, the following require- tions of those standards and within any ments must be met: further limitations specified in this (i) For fittings sized three inches and subchapter. Fittings must be designed below— for the maximum pressure to which (A) The longitudinal joints must be they may be subjected, but in no case fabricated by either gas or arc welding; less than 50 pounds per square inch (B) One fitting of each size from each gage. lot of 100 or fraction thereof must be

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flattened cold until the opposite walls § 56.15–5 Fluid-conditioner fittings. meet without the weld developing any (a) Fluid conditioner fittings cer- cracks; tified in accordance with subpart 50.25 (C) One fitting of each size from each of this subchapter are acceptable for lot of 100 or fraction thereof must be use in piping systems. hydrostatically tested to the pressure (b) Fluid conditioner fittings, not required for a seamless drawn pipe of containing hazardous materials as de- the same size and thickness produced fined in § 150.115 of this chapter, which from equivalent strength material, as are made in accordance with the appli- determined by the applicable pipe ma- cable standards listed in table 56.60–1(b) terial specification; and of this part and of materials complying (D) If a fitting fails to meet the test with subpart 56.60 of this part, may be in paragraph (c)(4)(i)(B) or (c)(4)(i)(C) of used within the material, size, pres- this section, no fitting in the lot from sure, and temperature limitations of which the test fitting was chosen is ac- those standards and within any further ceptable. limitations specified in this sub- (ii) For fittings sized above three chapter. inches— (c) The following requirements apply (A) The longitudinal joints must be to nonstandard fluid conditioner fit- fabricated by arc welding; tings which do not contain hazardous (B) For pressures exceeding 150 materials as defined in § 150.115 of this pounds per square inch, each fitting chapter: must be radiographically examined as (1) The following nonstandard fluid specified in section VIII of the ASME conditioner fittings must meet the ap- Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code; plicable requirements in § 54.01–5 (c)(3), (C) For pressures not exceeding 150 (c)(4), and (d) of this chapter or the re- pounds per square inch, the first fitting maining provisions in part 54 of this from each size in each lot of 20 or frac- chapter, except that Coast Guard shop tion thereof must be examined by radi- inspection is not required: ography to ensure that the welds are of (i) Nonstandard fluid conditioner fit- acceptable quality; tings that have a net internal volume (D) One fitting of each size from each greater than 0.04 cubic meters (1.5 lot of 100 or fraction thereof must be cubic feet) and that are rated for tem- hydrostatically tested to the pressure peratures and pressures exceeding required for a seamless drawn pipe of those specified as minimums for Class I the same size and thickness produced piping systems. (ii) Nonstandard fluid-conditioner fit- from equivalent strength material, as tings that have an internal diameter determined by the applicable pipe ma- exceeding 15 centimeters (6 inches) and terial specification; and that are rated for temperatures and (E) If a fitting fails to meet the test pressures exceeding those specified as in paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(C) or (c)(4)(ii)(D) minimums for Class I piping systems. of this section, no fitting in the lot (2) All other nonstandard fluid condi- from which the test fitting was chosen tioner fittings must meet the fol- is acceptable. lowing: (d) Single welded butt joints without (i) All pressure-containing materials the use of backing strips may be em- must be accepted in accordance with ployed in the fabrication of pipe join- § 56.60–1 of this part. ing fittings of welded construction pro- (ii) Nonstandard fluid conditioner fit- vided radiographic examination indi- tings must be designed so that the cates that complete penetration is ob- maximum allowable working pressure tained. does not exceed one-fourth of the burst (e) Each pipe joining fitting must be pressure or produce a primary stress marked in accordance with MSS SP–25 greater than one-fourth of the ultimate (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR tensile strength of the material for 56.01–2). Class II systems and for all Class I, I- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as L, and II-L systems receiving ship mo- amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, tion dynamic analysis and non- Oct. 31, 2008] destructive examination. For Class I, I-

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L, or II-L systems not receiving ship ards listed in table 56.60–1(b) of this motion dynamic analysis and non- part and of materials complying with destructive examination under § 56.07– subpart 56.60 of this part, may be used 10(c) of this part, the maximum allow- within the material, size, pressure, and able working pressure must not exceed temperature limitations of those one-fifth of the burst pressure or standards and within any further limi- produce a primary stress greater than tations specified in this subchapter. one-fifth of the ultimate tensile (c) Nonstandard special purpose fit- strength of the material. The max- tings must meet the requirements of imum allowable working pressure may §§ 56.30–25, 56.30–40, 56.35–10, 56.35–15, or be determined by— 56.35–35 of this part, as applicable. (A) Calculations comparable to those of ASME B31.1 (incorporated by ref- Subpart 56.20—Valves erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) or section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure § 56.20–1 General. Vessel Code (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2); (a) Valves certified in accordance (B) Subjecting a representative with subpart 50.25 of this subchapter model to a proof test or experimental are acceptable for use in piping sys- stress analysis described in paragraph tems. A–22 of section I of the ASME Boiler (b) Non-welded valves complying and Pressure Vessel Code (incorporated with the standards listed in § 56.60–1 of by reference, see 46 CFR 56.01–2); or this part may be used within the speci- (C) Other means specifically accepted fied pressure and temperature ratings by the Marine Safety Center. of those standards, provided the limita- (iii) Nonstandard fluid conditioner tions of § 56.07–10(c) of this part are ap- fittings must be tested in accordance plied. Materials must comply with sub- with § 56.97–5 of this part. part 56.60 of this part. Welded valves (iv) If welded, nonstandard fluid con- complying with the standards and spec- ditioner fittings must be welded in ac- ifications listed in § 56.60–1 of this part cordance with subpart 56.70 of this part may be used in Class II systems only and part 57 of this chapter or by other unless they meet paragraph (c) of this processes specifically approved by the section. Marine Safety Center. (c) All other valves must meet the (d) All fluid conditioner fittings that following: contain hazardous materials as defined (1) All pressure-containing materials in § 150.115 of this chapter must meet must be accepted in accordance with the applicable requirements of part 54 § 56.60–1 of this part. of this chapter, except subpart 54.10. (2) Valves must be designed so that (e) Heat exchangers having headers the maximum allowable working pres- and tubes and brazed boiler steam air sure does not exceed one-fourth of the heaters are not considered fluid condi- burst pressure or produce a primary tioner fittings and must meet the re- stress greater than one-fourth of the quirements in part 54 of this chapter ultimate tensile strength of the mate- regardless of size. For brazed boiler rial for Class II systems and for all steam air heaters, see also § 56.30– Class I, I-L, and II-L systems receiving 30(b)(1) of this part. ship motion dynamic analysis and non- [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989, as destructive examination. For Class I, I- amended by CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24772, May 10, L, or II-L systems not receiving ship 1995; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, Oct. 31, motion dynamic analysis and non- 2008] destructive examination under § 56.07– 10(c) of this part, the maximum allow- § 56.15–10 Special purpose fittings. able working pressure must not exceed (a) Special purpose fittings certified one-fifth of the burst pressure or in accordance with subpart 50.25 of this produce a primary stress greater than subchapter are acceptable for use in one-fifth of the ultimate tensile piping systems. strength of the material. The max- (b) Special purpose fittings made in imum allowable working pressure may accordance with the applicable stand- be determined by—

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(i) Calculations comparable to those § 56.20–7 Ends. of ASME B31.1 (incorporated by ref- (a) Valves may be used with flanged, erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) or section threaded, butt welding, socket welding VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure or other ends in accordance with appli- Vessel Code (incorporated by reference; cable standards as specified in subpart see 46 CFR 56.01–2), if the valve shape 56.60. permits this; (ii) Subjecting a representative § 56.20–9 Valve construction. model to a proof test or experimental (a) Each valve must close with a stress analysis described in paragraph right-hand (clockwise) motion of the A–22 of section I the ASME Boiler and handwheel or operating lever as seen Pressure Vessel Code (incorporated by by one facing the end of the valve reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2); or stem. Each gate, globe, and angle valve (iii) Other means specifically accept- must generally be of the rising-stem ed by the Marine Safety Center. type, preferably with the stem threads (3) Valves must be tested in accord- external to the valve body. Where operating conditions will not permit such ance with § 56.97–5 of this part. installations, the use of a nonrising- (4) If welded, valves must be welded stem valve will be acceptable. Each in accordance with subpart 56.70 of this nonrising-stem valve, lever-operated part and part 57 of this chapter or by valve, or other valve where, because of other processes specifically approved design, the position of the disc or clo- by the Marine Safety Center. sure mechanism is not obvious must be (d) Where liquid trapped in any fitted with an indicator to show wheth- closed valve can be heated and an un- er the valve is opened or closed, except controllable rise in pressure can result, as provided for in § 56.50–1(g)(2)(iii) of means must be provided in the design, this part. No such indicator is required installation, and operation of the valve for any valve located in a tank or simi- to ensure that the pressure in the valve lar inaccessible space when indicators does not exceed that allowed by this are available at accessible sites. The part for the attained temperature. (For operating levers of each quarter-turn example, if a flexible wedge gate valve (rotary) valve must be parallel to the with the stem installed horizontally is fluid flow when open and perpendicular to the fluid flow when closed. closed, liquid from testing, cleaning, or (b) Valves of Class I piping systems condensation can be trapped in the (for restrictions in other classes refer bonnet section of the closed valve.) to sections on low temperature serv- Any resulting penetration of the pres- ice), having diameters exceeding 2 sure wall of the valve must meet the inches must have bolted, pressure seal, requirements of this part and those for or breech lock bonnets and flanged or threaded and welded auxiliary connec- welding ends, except that socket type tions in ASME B16.34 (incorporated by welding ends shall not be used where reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). prohibited by § 56.30–5(c) of this part, § 56.30–10(b)(4) of this part for the same [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40604, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR pressure class, or elsewhere in this 39968, Oct. 1, 1990; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, Oct. 31, 2008] part. For diameters not exceeding 2 inches, screwed union bonnet or bolted § 56.20–5 Marking (modifies 107.2). bonnet, or bonnetless valves of a type which will positively prevent the stem Each valve shall bear the manufac- from screwing out of the body may be turer’s name or trademark and ref- employed. Outside screw and yoke de- erence symbol to indicate the service sign must be used for valves 3 inches conditions for which the manufacturer and larger for pressures above 600 guarantees the valve. The marking pounds per square inch gage. Cast iron shall be in accordance with MSS SP–25 valves with screwed-in or screwed-over (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR bonnets are prohibited. Union bonnet 56.01–2). type cast iron valves must have the bonnet ring made of steel, bronze, or [USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, Oct. 31, 2008] malleable iron.

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(c) Valves must be designed for the nal pipe size through the line after re- maximum pressure to which they may moval of all resilient material and be subjected, but in no case shall the testing at full rated pressure. Packing design pressure be less than 50 pounds material must be fire resistant. Piping per square inch gage. The use of wafer subject to internal head pressure from type resilient seated valves is not per- a tank containing oil must be fitted mitted for shell connections unless with positive shutoff valves located at they are so arranged that the piping the tank in accordance with § 56.50– immediately inboard of the valve can 60(d). Otherwise positive shutoff valves be removed without affecting the wa- may be used in any location in lieu of tertight integrity of the shell connec- a required Category A or Category B tion. Refer also to § 56.20–15(b)(2)(iii) of valve. this part. Large fabricated ballast (2) Category A valves. The closed valve manifold connecting lines exceeding 8 must pass less than the greater of 5 inches nominal pipe size must be de- percent of its fully open flow rate or 15 signed for a pressure of not less than 25 percent divided by the square root of pounds per square inch gage. the nominal pipe size (NPS) of its fully (d) Disks or disk faces, seats, stems open flow rate through the line after and other wearing parts of valves shall complete removal of all resilient seat- be made of material possessing corro- ing material and testing at full rated sion and heat-resisting qualities suit- pressure; as represented by the for- able for the service conditions to which mula: (15% / SQRT × (NPS)) (Fully open they may be subjected. flow rate). Category A valves may be (e) Plug cocks shall be constructed used in any location except where posi- with satisfactory and positive means of tive shutoff valves are required by preventing the plug from becoming § 56.50–60(d). Category A valves are re- loosened or removed from the body quired in the following locations: when the plug is operated. Cocks hav- (i) Valves at vital piping system ing plug locking arrangements depend- manifolds; ing on cotter pins are prohibited. (ii) Isolation valves in cross-connects (f) Cocks shall be marked in a between two piping systems, at least straight line with the body to indicate one of which is a vital system, where whether they are open or closed. failure of the valve in a fire would pre- (g) Materials forming a portion of the vent the vital system(s) from func- pressure barrier shall comply with the tioning as designed. applicable provisions of this part. (iii) Valves providing closure for any opening in the shell of the vessel. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (3) Category B valves. The closed valve amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40604, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995; will not provide effective closure of the USCG–2004–18884, 69 FR 58346, Sept. 30, 2004; line or will permit appreciable leakage USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, Oct. 31, 2008] from the valve after the resilient material is damaged or destroyed. Category § 56.20–15 Valves employing resilient B valves are not required to be tested material. and may be used in any location except (a) A valve in which the closure is ac- where a Category A or positive shutoff complished by resilient nonmetallic valve is required. material instead of a metal to metal (c) If a valve designer elects to use ei- seat shall comply with the design, ma- ther a calculation or actual fire testing terial, construction and testing for instead of material removal and pres- valves specified in this part. sure testing, the calculation must em- (b) Valves employing resilient mate- ploy ISA–S75.02 (incorporated by ref- rial shall be divided into three cat- erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) to determine egories, Positive shutoff, Category A, the flow coefficient (Cv), or the fire and Category B, and shall be tested and testing must be conducted in accord- used as follows: ance with API 607 (incorporated by ref- (1) Positive shutoff valves. The closed erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). valve must pass less than 10 ml/hr (0.34 [CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51200, Sept. 30, 1997, as fluid oz/hr) of liquid or less than 3 l/hr amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, (0.11 cubic ft/hr) of gas per inch nomi- Oct. 31, 2008]

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§ 56.20–20 Valve bypasses. § 56.25–10 Flange facings. (a) Sizes of bypasses shall be in ac- (a) Flange facings shall be in accord- cordance with MSS SP–45 (incor- ance with the applicable standards list- porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– ed in table 56.60–1(b) and MSS SP–6 (in- 2). corporated by reference; see 46 CFR (b) Pipe for bypasses should be at 56.01–2). least Schedule 80 seamless, and of a (b) When bolting class 150 standard material of the same nominal chemical steel flanges to flat face cast iron composition and physical properties as flanges, the steel flange must be fur- that used for the main line. Lesser nished with a flat face, and bolting thickness may be approved depending must be in accordance with § 56.25–20 of on the installation and service condi- this part. Class 300 raised face steel tions. flanges may be bolted to class 250 (c) Bypasses may be integral or at- raised face cast iron flanges with bolt- tached. ing in accordance with § 56.25–20(b) of this part. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as Oct. 31, 2008] amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, 1989; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, Oct. 31, Subpart 56.25—Pipe Flanges, 2008] Blanks, Flange Facings, Gas- § 56.25–15 Gaskets (modifies 108.4). kets, and Bolting (a) Gaskets shall be made of mate- § 56.25–5 Flanges. rials which are not injuriously affected by the fluid or by temperature. Each flange must conform to the de- (b) Each gasket must conform to the sign requirements of either the appli- design requirements of the applicable cable standards of table 56.60–1(b) of standards of table 56.60–1(b) of this this part, or of those of appendix 2 of part. section VIII of the ASME Boiler and (c) Only metallic and suitable asbes- Pressure Vessel Code (incorporated by tos-free nonmetallic gaskets may be reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). Plate used on flat or raised face flanges if the flanges must meet the requirements of expected normal operating pressure ex- § 56.30–10(b)(5) of this part and the ma- ceeds 720 pounds per square inch or the terial requirements of § 56.60–1(a) of operating temperature exceeds 750 °F. this part. Flanges may be integral or (d) The use of metal and nonmetallic may be attached to pipe by threading, gaskets is not limited as to pressure welding, brazing, or other means with- provided the gasket materials are suit- in the applicable standards specified in able for the maximum fluid tempera- table 56.60–1(b) of this part and the re- tures. quirements of this subpart. For flange facing gasket combinations other than [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as those specified above, calculations amended by CGD 86–035, 54 FR 36316, Sept. 1, must be submitted indicating that the 1989; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, Oct. 31, gaskets will not result in a higher bolt 2008] loading or flange moment than for the § 56.25–20 Bolting. acceptable configurations. (a) General. (1) Bolts, studs, nuts, and [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, 1989, as washers must comply with applicable amended by USCG–2002–13058, 67 FR 61278, standards and specifications listed in 46 Sept. 30, 2002; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, CFR 56.60–1. Unless otherwise specified, Oct. 31, 2008] bolting must be in accordance with § 56.25–7 Blanks. ASME B16.5 (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). Each blank must conform to the de- (2) Bolts and studs must extend com- sign requirements of 104.5.3 of ASME pletely through the nuts. B31.1 (incorporated by reference; see 46 (3) See § 58.30–15(c) of this chapter for CFR 56.01–2). exceptions on bolting used in fluid [USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, Oct. 31, 2008] power and control systems.

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(b) Carbon steel bolts or bolt studs 2); however, certain requirements are may be used if expected normal oper- marked ‘‘reproduced’’ in this subpart. ating pressure does not exceed 300 [USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65177, Oct. 31, 2008] pounds per square inch gauge and the expected normal operating tempera- § 56.30–3 Piping joints (reproduces ° ture does not exceed 400 F. Carbon 110). steel bolts must have heavy hexagon heads in accordance with ASME B18.2.1 The type of piping joint used shall be (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR suitable for the design conditions and 56.01–2) and must have heavy semi- shall be selected with consideration of finished hexagonal nuts in accordance joint tightness, mechanical strength with ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 (incorporated and the nature of the fluid handled. by reference, see 46 CFR 56.01–2), unless the bolts are tightly fitted to the holes § 56.30–5 Welded joints. and flange stress calculations taking (a) General. Welded joints may be the bolt bending stresses into account used for materials for which welding are submitted. When class 250 cast iron procedures, welders, and welding ma- flanges are used or when class 125 cast chine operators have been qualified in iron flanges are used with ring gaskets, accordance with part 57 of this sub- the bolting material must be carbon chapter. steel conforming to ASTM A 307 (incor- (b) Butt welds—general. Butt welds porated by reference, see 46 CFR 56.01– may be made with or without backing 2), Grade B. or insert rings within the limitations (c) Alloy steel stud bolts must be established in § 56.70–15. When the use threaded full length or, if desired, may of backing rings will result in undesir- have reduced shanks of a diameter not able conditions such as severe stress less than that at the root of the concentrations, corrosion or erosion, threads. They must have heavy semi- then: finished hexagonal nuts in accordance (1) The backing rings shall be re- with ANSI B18.2.2. moved and the inside of the joint (d) All alloy bolts or studs and ac- ground smooth, or companying nuts are to be threaded in (2) The joint shall be welded without accordance with ANSI/ASME B1.1 (in- backing rings, or corporated by reference; see 46 CFR (3) Consumable insert rings must be 56.01–2), Class 2A external threads, and used. Commonly used types of butt Class 2B internal threads (8-thread se- welding end preparations are shown in ries 8UN for one inch and larger). ASME B16.25 (incorporated by ref- (e) (Reproduces 108.5.1) Washers, when erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). used under nuts, shall be of forged or (4) Restrictions as to the use of back- rolled material with steel washers ing rings appear for the low tempera- being used under steel nuts and bronze ture piping systems and should be washers under bronze nuts. checked when designing for these sys- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as tems. amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, (c) Socket welds (Modifies 127.3.3A.). 1989; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, (1) Each socket weld must conform to 2000; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65176, Oct. 31, ASME B16.11 (incorporated by ref- 2008] erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2), to applicable standards listed in 46 CFR 56.60–1, Subpart 56.30—Selection and table 56.60–1(b), and to Figure 127.4.4C Limitations of Piping Joints in ASME B31.1 (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) as modified § 56.30–1 Scope (replaces 110 through by § 56.30–10(b)(4) of this part. A gap of 118). approximately one-sixteenth inch be- The selection and limitation of pip- tween the end of the pipe and the bot- ing joints must be as required by this tom of the socket must be provided be- subpart rather than as required by 110 fore welding. This may best be provided through 118 of ASME B31.1 (incor- by bottoming the pipe and backing off porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– slightly before tacking.

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(2) Socket welds must not be used NPS, in Class II systems without di- where severe erosion or crevice corro- ameter limitations, and in Class II–L sion is expected to occur. Restrictions systems not exceeding 1 NPS. If 100 on the use of socket welds appear in percent radiography is required by 46 § 56.70–15(d)(3) of this part for Class I CFR 56.95–10 for the class, diameter, service and in § 56.50–105 of this part for wall thickness, and material of pipe low temperature service. These sec- being joined, the use of the threaded tions should be checked when designing flanges is not permitted and for these systems. See § 56.70–15(d)(4) of buttwelding flanges must be provided. this part for Class II service. For Class II piping systems, the size of (3) (Reproduces 111.3.4.) Drains and by- the strength fillet may be limited to a passes may be attached to a fitting or maximum of 0.525 inch instead of 1.4T. valve by socket welding provided the (3) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 3. Slip- socket depth, bore diameter and shoul- on flanges meeting ASME B16.5 may be der thickness conform to ASME B16.11. used in piping systems of Class I, Class (d) Fillet welds. A fillet weld may vary II, or Class II–L not to exceed the serv- from convex to concave. The size of a ice pressure-temperature ratings for fillet weld is determined as shown in flanges of class 300 and lower, within Figure 127.4.4A of ASME B31.1. Fillet- the temperature limitations of the ma- weld details for socket-welding compo- terial selected for use, and not to ex- nents must meet § 56.30–5(c). Fillet-weld ceed 4-inch Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) in details for flanges must meet § 56.30–10 systems of Class I and Class II–L. If 100 of this part (see also § 56.70–15(d)(3) and percent radiography is required by 46 (4) of this part for applications of fillet CFR 56.95–10 for the class, diameter, welds). wall thickness, and material of the (e) Seal welds. Seal welds may be used pipe being joined, then slip-on flanges but shall not be considered as contrib- are not permitted and butt-welding uting any strength to the joint. flanges are required. The configuration in Figure 127.4.4B(b) of ASME B31.1 (in- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, corporated by reference; see 46 CFR 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, 1989; 56.01–2), using a face and backweld, CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995; USCG– may be preferable where eliminating 2003–16630, 73 FR 65177, Oct. 31, 2008] void spaces is desirable. For systems of Class II, the size of the strength fillet § 56.30–10 Flanged joints (modifies may be limited to a maximum of 0.525 104.5.1(a)). inch instead of 1.4T, and the distance (a) Flanged or butt-welded joints are from the face of the flange to the end required for Classes I and I-L piping for of the pipe may be a maximum of nominal diameters exceeding 2 inches, three-eighths of an inch. Restrictions except as otherwise specified in this on the use of slip-on flanges appear in subchapter. 46 CFR 56.50–105 for low-temperature (b) Flanges may be attached by any piping systems. method shown in Figure 56.30–10(b) or (4) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 4. ASME by any additional means that may be B16.5 socket welding flanges may be approved by the Marine Safety Center. used in Class I or II–L systems not ex- Pressure temperature ratings of the ap- ceeding 3 NPS for class 600 and lower propriate ANSI/ASME standard must class flanges and 21/2NPS for class 900 not be exceeded. and class 1500 flanges within the serv- (1) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 1. ice pressure-temperature ratings of the Flanges with screw threads may be standard. Whenever full radiography is used in accordance with 46 CFR 56.30– required by 46 CFR 56.95–10 for the 20, table 56.30–20(c). class, diameter, and wall thickness of (2) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 2. ASME the pipe being joined, the use of socket B16.5 (incorporated by reference; see 46 welding flanges is not permitted and a CFR 56.01–2) Class 150 and Class 300 low- butt weld type connection must be pro- hubbed flanges with screw threads, plus vided. For Class II piping, socket weld- the addition of a strength fillet weld of ing flanges may be used without diame- the size as shown, may be used in Class ter limitation, and the size of the fillet I systems not exceeding 750 °F or 4 weld may be limited to a maximum of

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0.525 inch instead of 1.4T. Restrictions chined surface must be free from sur- on the use of socket welds appear in 46 face defects and the back of the Van CFR 56.50–105 for low temperature pip- Stone lap must be machined to a fine ing systems. tool finish to furnish a line contact (5) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 5. with the mating surface on the flange Flanges fabricated from steel plate for the full circumference as close as meeting the requirements of part 54 of possible to the fillet of the flange. The this chapter may be used for Class II number of heats to be used in forming piping for pressures not exceeding 150 a flange must be determined by the size pounds per square inch and tempera- of the pipe and not more than two tures not exceeding 450 °F. Plate mate- pushups per heat are permitted. The rial listed in UCS–6(b) of section VIII of width of the lap flange must be at least the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel three times the thickness of the pipe Code (incorporated by reference; see 46 wall and the end of the pipe must be CFR 56.01–2) may not be used in this properly stress relieved after the flang- application, except that material meeting operation is completed. Manufac- ing ASTM A 36 (incorporated by ref- turers desiring to produce this type of erence, see 46 CFR 56.01–2) may be used. joint must demonstrate to a marine in- The fabricated flanges must conform at spector that they have the proper least to the ASME B16.5 class 150 equipment and personnel to produce an flange dimensions. The size of the acceptable joint. strength fillet weld may be limited to a (8) Figure 56.30–10 (b), Method 8. Weld- maximum of 0.525 inches instead of 1.4T ing neck flanges may be used on any and the distance from the face of the piping provided the flanges are butt- flange to the end of the pipe may be a welded to the pipe. The joint must be maximum of three-eighths inch. welded as indicated by Figure 56.30– (6) Figure 56.30–10 (b), Method 6. Steel 10(b), Method 8, and a backing ring em- plate flanges meeting the material and ployed which will permit complete pen- construction requirements listed in etration of the weld metal. If a backing paragraph (b)(5) of this section may be ring is not used, refer to 46 CFR 56.30– used for Class II piping for pressures 5(b) for requirements. not exceeding 150 pounds per square (9) Figure 56.30–10 (b), Method 9. Weld- inch or temperatures not exceeding 650 ing neck flanges may also be attached °F. The flange shall be attached to the to pipe by a double-welded butt joint as pipe as shown by Figure 56.30–10(b). shown by Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 9. Method 6. The pressure shall not ex- (10) Figure 56.30–10 (b), Method 10. ceed the American National Standard Flanges may be attached by shrinking Service pressure temperature rating. the flange on to the end of the pipe and The size of the strength fillet weld may flaring the end of the pipe to an angle be limited to a maximum of 0.525 inch of not less than 20°. A fillet weld of the instead of 1.4T and the distance from size shown by Figure 56.30–10(b), Meth- the face of the flange to the end of the od 10, must be used to attach the hub pipe may be a maximum of three- to the pipe. This type of flange is lim- eighths inch. ited to a maximum pressure of 300 (7) Figure 56.30–10 (b), Method 7. Lap pounds per square inch at temperatures joint flanges (Van Stone) may be used not exceeding 500 °F. for Class I and Class II piping. The Van (11) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 11. The Stone equipment must be operated by flange of the type described and illus- competent personnel. The ends of the trated by Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 10, pipe must be heated from 1,650° to 1,900 except with the fillet weld omitted, °F. dependent on the size of the pipe may be used for Class II piping for pres- prior to the flanging operation. The sures not exceeding 150 pounds per foregoing temperatures must be care- square inch and temperatures not ex- fully adhered to in order to prevent exceeding 450 °F. cess scaling of the pipe. The extra (12) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 12. thickness of metal built up in the end High-hub bronze flanges may be used of the pipe during the forming oper- for temperatures not exceeding 425 °F. ation must be machined to restore the The hub of the flange must be bored to pipe to its original diameter. The ma- a depth not less than that required for

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a threaded connection of the same di- ing alloy, a bevel may be machined on ameter leaving a shoulder for the pipe the end of the hub and the silver braz- to butt against. A preinserted ring of ing alloy introduced from the end of silver brazing alloy having a melting the hub to attach the pipe to the point not less than 1,000 °F and of suffi- flange. cient quantity to fill the annular clear- (14) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 14. ance between the flange and the pipe Flanges may be attached to nonferrous must be inserted in the groove. The pipe by inserting the pipe in the flange pipe must then be inserted in the and flanging the end of the pipe into flange and sufficient heat applied ex- the recess machined in the face of the ternally to melt the brazing alloy until flange to receive it. The width of the it completely fills the clearance between the hub and the flange of the flange must be not less than three pipe. A suitable flux must be applied to times the pipe wall thickness. In addi- the surfaces to be joined to produce a tion, the pipe must be securely brazed satisfactory joint. to the wall of the flange. (13) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 13. The (15) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 15. The type of flange as described for Figure flange of the type described and illus- 56.30–10(b), Method 12, may be em- trated by Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 14, ployed and in lieu of an annular groove except with the brazing omitted, may being machined in the hub of the flange be used for Class II piping and where for the preinserted ring of silver braz- the temperature does not exceed 250 °F.

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NOTE TO FIG. 56.30–10(b): ‘‘T’’ is the nomi- § 56.30–15 Expanded or rolled joints. nal pipe wall thickness used. Consult the text of paragraph (b) for modifications on (a) Expanded or rolled joints may be Class II piping systems. Fillet weld leg size used where experience or test has dem- need not exceed the thickness of the applica- onstrated that the joint is suitable for ble ASME hub. the design conditions and where ade- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as quate provisions are made to prevent amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, separation of the joint. Specific appli- 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, 1989; cation for use must be made to the USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000; Commandant. USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65177, Oct. 31, 2008; 73 (b) [Reserved] FR 76247, Dec. 16, 2008]

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§ 56.30–20 Threaded joints. § 56.30–25 Flared, flareless, and compression fittings. (a) Threaded joints may be used within the limitations specified in subpart (a) This section applies to pipe fit- 56.15 of this chapter and within other tings that are mechanically connected limitations specified in this section. to pipe by such means as ferrules, (b) (Reproduces 114.1.) All threads on flared ends, swaging, elastic strain pre- piping components must be taper pipe load, crimping, bite-type devices, and threads in accordance with the applica- shape memory alloys. Fittings to which this section applies must be de- ble standard listed in 46 CFR 56.60–1, signed, constructed, tested, and table 56.60–1(b). Threads other than marked in accordance with ASTM F taper pipe threads may be used for pip- 1387 (incorporated by reference, see ing components where tightness of the § 56.01–2). Previously approved fittings joint depends on a seal weld or a seat- may be retained as long as they are ing surface other than the threads, and maintained in good condition to the where experience or test has dem- satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, onstrated that such threads are suit- Marine Inspection. able. (b) Flared, flareless and compression (c) Threaded joints may not be used fittings may be used within the service where severe erosion, crevice corrosion, limitations of size, pressure, tempera- shock, or vibration is expected to ture, and vibration recommended by occur; or at temperatures over 925 °F. the manufacturer and as specified in Size limitations are given in table this section. 56.30–20(c) of this section. (c) Flared, flareless, and compression type tubing fittings may be used for 12 TABLE 56.30–20(c)—THREADED JOINTS tube sizes not exceeding 50 millimeters Maximum nominal size, (2 inches) outside diameter within the inches Maximum pressure, p.s.i.g. limitations of applicable standards and specifications listed in this section and ″ Above 2 ...... (Not permitted in Class I piping § 56.60–1 of this part. service.) Above 1″ up to 2″ ...... 600. (d) Flareless fittings must be of a de- Above 3⁄4″ up to 1″ ...... 1,200. sign in which the gripping member or 3⁄4″ and below ...... 1,500. sleeve must grip or bite into the outer

1 Further restrictions on the use of threaded joints appear in surface of the tube with sufficient the low temperature piping section. strength to hold the tube against pres- 2 Threaded joints in hydraulic systems are permitted above sure, but without appreciably dis- the pressures indicated for the nominal sizes shown when commercially available components such as pumps, valves torting the inside tube diameter or re- and strainers may only be obtained with threaded ducing the wall thickness. The gripping connections. member must also form a pressure seal (d) No pipe with a wall thickness less against the fitting body. than that of standard weight of ASME (e) For fluid services, other than hy- B36.10M (incorporated by reference; see draulic systems, using a combustible 46 CFR 56.01–2) steel pipe may be fluid as defined in § 30.10–15 of this threaded regardless of service. For re- chapter and for fluid services using a strictions on the use of pipe in steam flammable fluid as defined in § 30.10–22 service more than 250 pounds per of this chapter, flared fittings must be square inch or water service over 100 used; except that flareless fittings of pounds per square inch and 200 °F the nonbite type may be used when the (938C), see part 104.1.2(c)(1) of ASME tubing system is of steel, nickel copper B31.1 (incorporated by reference; see 46 or copper nickel alloy. When using cop- CFR 56.01–2). Restrictions on the use of per or copper zinc alloy, flared fittings threaded joints apply for low-tempera- are required. (See also § 56.50–70 for gas- ture piping and must be checked when oline fuel systems, § 56.50–75 for diesel designing for these systems. fuel systems, and § 58.25–20 for hydraulic systems for steering gear.) [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, [CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26000, May 23, 1996; 61 FR 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40164, Sept. 2, 1975; 35138, July 5, 1996, as amended by USCG–1999– CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40606, Oct. 2, 1989; USCG– 5151, 64 FR 67180, Dec. 1, 1999; USCG–2000–7790, 2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000]

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§ 56.30–27 Caulked joints. tion to the satisfaction of the Officer in Caulked joints may not be used in Charge, Marine Inspection. marine installations. (b) Gasketed mechanical couplings may be used within the service limita- [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40606, Oct. 2, 1989] tions of pressure, temperature and vibration recommended by the manufac- § 56.30–30 Brazed joints. turer, except that gasketed mechanical (a) General (refer also to subpart 56.75). couplings must not be used in— Brazed socket-type joints shall be (1) Any location where leakage, unde- made with suitable brazing alloys. The tected flooding or impingement of liq- minimum socket depth shall be suffi- uid on vital equipment may disable the cient for the intended service. Brazing vessel; or alloy shall either be end-fed into the (2) In tanks where the liquid con- socket or shall be provided in the form veyed in the piping system is not of a preinserted ring in a groove in the chemically compatible with the liquid socket. The brazing alloy shall be suffi- in the tank. cient to fill completely the annular (c) Gasketed mechanical couplings clearance between the socket and the must not be used as expansion joints. pipe or tube. Positive restraints must be included, (b) Limitations. (1) Brazed socket-type where necessary, to prevent the cou- joints shall not be used on systems pling from creeping on the pipe and un- containing flammable or combustible covering the joint. Bite-type devices do fluids in areas where fire hazards are not provide positive protection against involved or where the service tempera- creep and are generally not accepted ture exceeds 425 °F. When specifically for this purpose. Machined grooves, approved by the Commandant, brazed centering pins, and welded clips are construction may be used for service considered positive means of protec- temperatures up to 525 °F. in boiler tion against creep. steam air heaters provided the require- [CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, 1996, as ments of UB–12 of section VIII ASME amended by USCG–1999–5151, 64 FR 67180, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (incor- Dec. 1, 1999] porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– 2) are satisfied at the highest tempera- § 56.30–40 Flexible pipe couplings of ture desired. the compression or slip-on type. (2) Brazed joints depending solely (a) Flexible pipe couplings of the upon a fillet, rather than primarily compression or slip-on type must not upon brazing material between the pipe be used as expansion joints. To ensure and socket are not acceptable. that the maximum axial displacement [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (approximately 3⁄8″ maximum) of each amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, coupling is not exceeded, positive re- Oct. 31, 2008] straints must be included in each installation. § 56.30–35 Gasketed mechanical cou- (b) Positive means must also be pro- plings. vided to prevent the coupling from (a) This section applied to pipe fit- ‘‘creeping’’ on the pipe and uncovering tings that form a seal by compressing a the joint. Bite type devices do not pro- resilient gasket onto the pipe joint pri- vide positive protection against creep- marily by threaded fasteners and where ing and are not generally accepted for joint creep is only restricted by such this purpose unless other means are means as machined grooves, centering also incorporated. Machined grooves or pins, or welded clips. Fittings to which centering pins are considered positive this section applies must be designed, means, and other positive means will constructed, tested, and marked in ac- be considered. cordance with ASTM F 1476 (incor- (c) Couplings which employ a solid porated by reference, see § 56.01–2) and sleeve with welded attachments on ASTM F 1548 (incorporated by ref- both pipes will require the removal of erence, see § 56.01–2). Previously ap- one set of attachments before disman- proved fittings may be retained as long tling. Rewelding of the attachments as they are maintained in good condi- may require gas freeing of the line.

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(d) The installation shall be such as combined expansion stress at all such to preclude appreciable difference in points. The location of the maximum the vibration magnitudes of the pipes combined stress shall be indicated in joined by the couplings. The couplings each run of pipe between anchor points. shall not be used as a vibration damp- (b) The Marine Safety Center (MSC) er. The vibration magnitude and fre- will give special consideration to the quency should not exceed that rec- use of the full tabulated value of ‘‘S’’ ommended by the coupling manufac- in computing Sh and Sc where all mate- turer. rial used in the system is subjected to (e) Flexible couplings made in ac- further nondestructive testing speci- cordance with the applicable standards fied by the MSC, and where the cal- listed in table 56.60–1(b) of this part and culations prescribed in 119.6.4 and of materials complying with subpart 102.3.2 of ASME B31.1 (incorporated by 56.60 of this part may be used within reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) and 46 the material, size, pressure, and tem- CFR 56.07–10 are performed. The proce- perature limitations of those standards dures for nondestructive testing and and within any further limitations the method of stress analysis must be specified in this subchapter. Flexible approved by the MSC before the sub- couplings fabricated by welding must mission of computations and drawings also comply with part 57 of this chap- for approval. ter. (f) Flexible couplings must not be [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989, as used in cargo holds or in any other amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, space where leakage, undetected flood- Oct. 31, 2008] ing, or impingement of liquid on vital equipment may disable the ship, or in § 56.35–10 Nonmetallic expansion joints (replaces 119.5.1). tanks where the liquid conveyed in the piping system is not compatible with (a) Nonmetallic expansion joints cer- the liquid in the tank. Where flexible tified in accordance with subpart 50.25 couplings are not allowed by this sub- of this subchapter are acceptable for part, joints may be threaded, flanged use in piping systems. and bolted, or welded. (b) Nonmetallic expansion joints (g) Damaged or deteriorated gaskets must conform to the standards listed shall not be reinstalled. in table 56.60–1(b) of this part. Non- (h) Each coupling shall be tested in metallic expansion joints may be used accordance with § 56.97–5. within their specified pressure and [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as temperature rating in vital and amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40606, Oct. 2, nonvital machinery sea connections in- 1989] board of the skin valve. These joints must not be used to correct for im- Subpart 56.35—Expansion, proper piping workmanship or mis- Flexibility and Supports alignment. Joint movements must not exceed the limits set by the joint man- § 56.35–1 Pipe stress calculations (re- ufacturer. places 119.7). [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989] (a) A summary of the results of pipe stress calculations for the main and § 56.35–15 Metallic expansion joints auxiliary steam piping where the de- (replaces 119.5.1). ° sign temperatures exceed 800 F shall (a) Metallic expansion joints certified be submitted for approval. Calculations in accordance with subpart 50.25 of this shall be made in accordance with one subchapter are acceptable for use in of the recognized methods of stress piping systems. analysis acceptable to the Marine Safe- (b) Metallic expansion joints must ty Center to determine the magnitude conform to the standards listed in and direction of the forces and move- table 56.60–1(b) of this part and may be ments at all terminal connections, an- used within their specified pressure and chor and junction points, as well as the temperature rating. resultant bending stress, longitudinal pressure stress, torsional stress, and [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989]

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Subpart 56.50—Design Require- ternative to the fitting of the second ments Pertaining to Specific pipe and further provided the safety of Systems the vessel is maintained. (c) Valves and cocks not forming part § 56.50–1 General (replaces 122). of a piping system are not permitted in The requirements in this subpart for watertight subdivision bulkheads, how- piping systems apply instead of those ever, sluice valves or gates in oiltight in section 122 of ASME B31.1 (incor- bulkheads of tankships may be used if porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– approved by the Marine Safety Center. 2). Installation requirements applicable (d) Piping shall not be run over or in to all systems: the vicinity of switchboards or other (a) Where pipes and scuppers are car- electrical equipment if avoidable. ried through watertight or oiltight When such leads are necessary, welded bulkheads, decks or tank tops, or are joints only shall be used and provision carried through fire control bulkheads shall be made to prevent leakage from and decks, the integrity of the struc- damaging the equipment. ture shall be maintained. Lead or other (e) Stuffing boxes shall not be used heat sensitive materials shall not be on deep tank bulkheads, double bot- used in piping systems which make toms or in any position where they such bulkhead or deck penetrations cannot be easily examined. This re- where the deterioration of such sys- quirement does not apply to ore car- tems in the event of fire would impair riers operating on the Great Lakes or the integrity of the bulkheads or cargo lines of oil tankers. decks. (For plastic pipe installations, (f) Piping systems shall be installed see § 56.60–25(a).) Where plate insert so that under no condition will the op- pads are used, bolted connections shall eration of safety or relief valves be im- have threads tapped into the plate to a paired. depth of not less than the diameter of (g)(1) Power actuated valves in sys- the bolt. If welded, the pipe or flange tems other than as specified in § 56.50– shall be welded to both sides of the 60 of this part may be used if approved plating. Openings in structure through for the system by the Marine Safety which pipes pass shall be reinforced Center. All power actuated valves re- where necessary. Flanges shall not be quired in an emergency to operate the bolted to bulkheads so that the plate vessel’s machinery, to maintain its sta- forms a part of the joint. Metallic ma- bility, and to operate the bilge and terials having a melting point of 1,700 ° firemain systems must have a manual F. or less are considered heat sensitive means of operation. and if used must be suitably insulated. (2)(i) Remote valve controls that are (b)(1) Pipes piercing the collision bulkhead shall be fitted with not readily identifiable as to service screwdown valves operable from above must be fitted with nameplates. the bulkhead deck and the valve shall (ii) Remote valve controls must be be fitted inside the forepeak tank adja- accessible under service conditions. cent to the collision bulkhead. The (iii) Remote valve controls, except pipe penetrating the collision bulkhead reach rods, must be fitted with indica- shall be welded to the bulkhead on tors that show whether the valves they both sides. On new installations or re- control are open or closed. Valve posi- placement in vessels of 150 gross tons tion indicating systems must be inde- and over, the valve body shall be of pendent of valve control systems. steel or ductile cast iron. (iv) Valve reach rods must be ade- (2) Passenger vessels shall not have quately protected. the collision bulkhead pierced below (v) Solid reach rods must be used in the margin line by more than one pipe tanks containing liquids, except that conveying liquids in the forepeak tank tank barges having plug cocks inside except that if the forepeak tank is di- cargo tanks may have reach rods of vided to hold two different kinds of liq- extra-heavy pipe with the annular uids, the collision bulkhead may be space between the lubricant tube and pierced below the margin line by two the pipe wall sealed with a nonsoluble pipes, provided there is no practical al- to prevent penetration of the cargo.

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(3) Air operated remote control § 56.50–15 Steam and exhaust piping. valves must be provided with self-indi- (a) The design pressures of the steam cating lines at the control boards which indicate the desired valve posi- piping connected to the boiler drum or tions, i.e., open or closed. to the superheater inlet header shall (h) Suitable drains shall be provided not be less than the lowest pressure at low points of piping systems. setting of any drum safety valve. The (i) Valves and cocks shall be located value of allowable stress for the mate- so as to be easily accessible and valves rial shall not exceed that cor- or cocks attached to the shell of the responding to the saturated steam tem- vessel or to sea chests located below perature at drum pressure and shall be the floorplating shall be operable from selected as described in § 56.07–10(e). above the floorplates. (b) Main superheater outlet piping (j) When welded fabrication is em- systems, desuperheated piping systems, ployed, a sufficient number of detach- and other auxiliary superheated piping able joints shall be provided to facili- systems led directly from the boiler tate overhauling and maintenance of superheater shall be designed for a machinery and appurtenances. The pressure not less than the pressure at joints shall be located so that adequate which the superheater safety valve is space is provided for welding, and the set. In the case of a superheated safety location of the welds shall be indicated valve which is drum pilot actuated, the on the plans. design pressure of such piping systems (k) Piping, including valves, pipe fit- shall not be less than the pressure set- tings and flanges, conveying vapors, ting of the actuator valve on the drum. gases or liquids whose temperature ex- Where it can be shown that the limita- ° ceeds 150 F., shall be suitably insu- tions set forth in 102.2.4 of ASME B31.1 lated where necessary to preclude in- (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR jury to personnel. 56.01–2) will not be exceeded, the design (l) Where pipes are run through dry pressure of such piping systems may be cargo spaces they must be protected reduced but shall not be less than the from mechanical injury by a suitable pressure setting of the actuator valve enclosure or other means. on the drum less the pressure drop [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as through the superheater, including as- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, sociated piping and a control 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989; desuperheater if fitted, at the normal USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] rated operating condition. In both § 56.50–10 Special gauge requirements. cases, the value of allowable stress shall be selected using a temperature (a) Where pressure-reducing valves not less than that of the steam at the are employed, a pressure gauge must be superheater outlet at the normal rated provided on the low-pressure side of the operating conditions in accordance reducing station. with § 56.07–10(e). Valves and fittings (b) Fuel oil service, fire, cargo and shall be selected for the above tem- fuel oil transfer and boiler feed pumps must be provided with a pressure gage perature and pressure from the accept- on the discharge side of the pump. Ad- ed standards in 46 CFR 56.60–1, Table ditional information pertaining to fire 56.60–1(b), using the pressure-tempera- pumps is in § 34.10–5 of subchapter D ture rating in the standard. (Tank Vessels), § 76.10–5 of subchapter (c) Steam stop valves in sizes exceed- H (Passenger Vessels), § 95.10–5 of sub- ing 6 inches shall be fitted with by- chapter I (Cargo and Miscellaneous passes for heating the line and equal- Vessels), and § 108.417 of subchapter IA izing the pressure before the valve is (Mobile Offshore Drilling Units) of this opened. chapter. (d) In multiple boiler installations each boiler’s main, auxiliary and [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, desuperheated steam lines shall be 1970; CGD 73–251, 43 FR 56799, Dec. 4, 1978; fitted with two valves, one a stop valve USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] and one a stop check valve.

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(e) Main and auxiliary steam stop ceeding the maximum allowable pres- valves must be readily accessible, oper- sure. A device that will throttle the able by one person and arranged to seat inlet valve, so that the exhaust side against boiler pressure. does not exceed the maximum allow- (f) The auxiliary steam piping of each able pressure, may be substituted for vessel equipped with more than one the back pressure trip. boiler must be so arranged that steam (j) Shore steam connections shall be for the whistle and other vital auxil- fitted with a relief valve set at a pres- iary systems, such as the electrical- sure not exceeding the design pressure generation plant, may be supplied from of the piping. any power boiler. (k) Means must be provided for drain- (g) Steam and exhaust pipes shall not ing every steam pipe in which dan- be led through coal bunkers or dry gerous water hammer might otherwise cargo spaces unless approved by the occur. Commandant. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (h)(1) Steam piping, with the excep- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, tion of the steam heating system, must 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; not be led through passageways, ac- CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77– commodation spaces, or public spaces 140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 83–043, 60 unless the arrangement is specifically FR 24772, May 10, 1995; USCG–2003–16630, 73 approved by the Marine Safety Center. FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] (2) Steam pressure in steam heating systems must not exceed 150 pounds § 56.50–20 Pressure relief piping. per square inch gage, except that (a) General. There must be no inter- steam pressure for accommodation and vening stop valves between the vessel public space heating must not exceed or piping system being protected and 45 pounds per square inch gage. its protective device or devices, except (3) Steam lines and registers in non- as specifically provided for in other accommodation and non-public spaces regulations or as specifically author- must be suitably located and/or shield- ized by the Marine Safety Center. ed to minimize hazards to any per- (b) Discharge lines (reproduces sonnel within the space. Where hazards 122.6.2(d)). Discharge lines from pres- in a space cannot be sufficiently mini- sure-relieving safety devices shall be mized, the pressure in the steam line to designed to facilitate drainage. that space must be reduced to a max- (c) Stop valves. Stop valves between imum of 45 pounds per square inch the safety or relief valve and the point gage. of discharge are not permitted, except (4) High temperature hot water for as specifically provided for in other heating systems may not exceed 375 °F. regulations or as specifically approved (i) Where positive shutoff valves are by the Marine Safety Center. fitted in the exhaust lines of machin- (d) Reference. See also § 56.07–10(a) and ery, and the exhaust side, including en- (b) for specific requirements. gine steam cylinders and chests, tur- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as bine casings, exhaust piping and shut- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, off valves, is not designed for the full 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989] inlet pressure, the exhaust side must be protected from over pressure by one § 56.50–25 Safety and relief valve es- of the following means: cape piping. (1) A full flow relief valve in the ex- (a) Escape piping from unfired steam haust side so set and of sufficient ca- generator, boiler, and superheater safe- pacity to prevent the exhaust side from ty valves shall have an area of not less being accidentally or otherwise sub- than that of the combined areas of the jected to a pressure in excess of its outlets of all valves discharging there- maximum allowable pressure. to and shall be led as near vertically as (2) A sentinel relief valve or other practicable to the atmosphere. warning device fitted on the exhaust (b) Expansion joints or flexible pipe side together with a back pressure trip connections shall be fitted in escape device which will close the inlet valve piping. The piping shall be adequately prior to the exhaust side pressure ex- supported and installed so that no

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stress is transmitted to the safety (4) Feed pumps for water tube boilers valve body. shall have fresh water connections (c) Safety or relief valve discharges, only. Care shall be taken to prevent when permitted to terminate in the the accidental contamination of feed machinery space, shall be led below the water from salt water or oil systems. floorplates or to a remote position to (b) Feed valves. (1) Stop and stop- minimize the hazardous effect of the check valves must be fitted in the main escaping steam. feed line and must be attached as close- (d) The effect of the escape piping on ly as possible to drum inlets or to the the operation of the relief device shall economizer inlet on boilers fitted with be considered. The back pressure in the integral economizers. escape piping from the main propulsion (2) Where the installation will not steam generator should not exceed 10 permit the feed stop valve to be at- percent of the relief device setting un- tached directly to the drum inlet noz- less a compensated relief device is zle on boilers not fitted with econo- used. Back pressure must be calculated mizers, a distance piece may be in- with all relief valves which discharge stalled between the stop valve and the to a common escape pipe relieving si- inlet nozzle. multaneously at full capacity. (3) Feed stop or stop-check valves may be located near the operating plat- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as form on boilers fitted with economizers amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40608, Oct. 2, provided the piping between the valves 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995] and the economizer, exclusive of the feed valves and the economizer inlet § 56.50–30 Boiler feed piping. nozzles, is installed with a minimum of (a) General requirements. (1) Steam intervening flanged connections. vessels, and motor vessels fitted with (4) Auxiliary feed lines shall be fitted steam driven electrical generators with stop valves and stop-check valves. shall have at least two separate means Boilers not having auxiliary feed water of supplying feed water for the boilers. nozzles, or where independent auxiliary All feed pumps shall be fitted with the feed lines are not installed, shall have necessary connections for this purpose. the auxiliary feed line to the drum or The arrangement of feed pumps shall economizer connected to the main feed be in accordance with paragraph (d) or line as close as possible to the main (e) of this section. feed stop valves; and the valves in the (2) Feed pump supply to power boilers auxiliary feed line shall be fitted as may utilize the group feed system or close as possible to the junction point. the unit feed system. (5) Boilers fitted with economizers (3) Feed discharge piping from the shall have a check valve fitted in the pump up to, but not including the re- economizer discharge and located as quired stop and stop-check valves, close as possible to the drum fed inlet shall be designed for either the feed nozzle. When economizer bypasses are pump relief valve setting or the shutoff fitted, a stop-check valve shall be in- head of the pump if a relief valve is not stalled in lieu of the aforementioned fitted. (Refer to § 56.07–10(b) for specific check valve. requirements.) Feed piping from the (6) A sentinel valve is not required boiler, to and including the required for vessels constructed after September stop and stop-check valves (see para- 30, 1997, and for other vessels to which graph (b) of this section), shall have a it has been shown to the satisfaction of design pressure which exceeds the max- the cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine imum allowable working pressure of Inspection or the Coast Guard Marine the boiler by either 25 percent or 225 Safety Center, that a sentinel valve is pounds per square inch whichever is not necessary for the safe operation of less. The value of allowable stress for the particular boiler. design purposes shall be selected as de- (c) Feed water regulators, heaters, and scribed in § 56.07–10(e) at a temperature grease extractors. (1) Where feed water not below that for saturated steam at regulators, tubular feed water heaters, the maximum allowable working pres- and grease extractors are installed, an sure of the boiler. alternate means of operation with

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these devices bypassed shall be pro- each boiler shall have its own inde- vided. pendently driven main feed pump capa- (2) Feed water regulators designed ble of supplying the boiler at its nor- with a built-in bypass for emergency mal operating capacity. In addition use need not be fitted with an external these shall be an auxiliary independ- bypass when installed in a feed system ently driven feed pump of the same ca- provided with an auxiliary feed line. pacity which can be operated in place All feed water regulators installed in a of and in conjunction with the main unit feed system shall be fitted with an feed pump. In vessels with three or external bypass. Feed water regulators more boilers, not more than two boil- bypasses shall be so arranged that the ers may be served by any one auxiliary regular feed valves are in operation pump. The auxiliary pump may be so while the bypass is in use. interconnected that any pump can feed (3) A feed water regulator may be any boiler. interposed between the stop and stop- (2) In the unit feed system, a separate check valves in the feed lines. feed line shall be provided for each (d) Group feed system. Group feed sys- boiler from its pumps. A separate aux- tems shall be provided with pumps and iliary feed line is not required. The dis- piping as follows: charge from each pump and the feed (1) Oceangoing and Great Lakes supply to each boiler shall be auto- steam vessels, having a feed pump at- matically controlled by the level of the tached to the main propelling unit, water in that boiler. In addition to the shall be provided with at least one automatic control, manual control independently driven feed pump. Each shall be provided. of these pumps shall be used exclu- (f) Feedwater. The feedwater shall be sively for feed purposes and shall be ca- introduced into a boiler as required by pable of supplying the operating boilers § 52.01–105(b) of this subchapter. at their normal capacity. In addition, a [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as second independently driven pump, ca- amended by CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, pable of supplying such boilers at 75 1997; USCG–2002–13058, 67 FR 61278, Sept. 30, percent of their normal capacity, shall 2002; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, be provided for emergency use. This 2008] second pump may be used for other purposes. § 56.50–35 Condensate pumps. (2) If two independently driven pumps Two means shall be provided for dis- are provided, each capable of supplying charging the condensate from the main the boilers at their normal required op- condenser, one of which shall be me- erating capacity, and neither of which chanically independent of the main is used for other purposes, the third or propelling machinery. If one of the emergency feed pump is not required. independent feed pumps is fitted with a Where more than two independently direct suction from the condenser and driven feed pumps are provided, their a discharge to the feed tank, it may be aggregate capacity shall not be less accepted as an independent condensate than 200 percent of that demanded by pump. On vessels operating on lakes the boilers at their required normal op- (including Great Lakes), bays, sounds, erating capacity. or rivers, where provision is made to (3) River or harbor steam vessels operate noncondensing, only one con- shall have at least two means for feed- densate unit will be required. ing the boilers; one of which shall be an independently driven pump, the other § 56.50–40 Blowoff piping (replaces may be an attached pump, an addi- 122.1.4). tional independently driven pump, or (a)(1) The owner or operator of a ves- an injector. sel must follow the requirements for (e) Unit feed system. Unit feed systems blowoff piping in this section instead of shall be provided with pumps and pip- the requirements in 122.1.4 of ASME ing as follows: B31.1 (incorporated by reference; see 46 (1) The unit feed system may be used CFR 56.01–2). on vessels having two or more boilers. (2) Where blowoff valves are con- When the unit feed system is employed nected to a common discharge from

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two or more boilers, a nonreturn valve § 56.50–50 Bilge and ballast piping. shall be provided in the line from each (a)(1) All vessels except unmanned boiler to prevent accidental blowback barges shall be provided with a satis- in the event the boiler blowoff valve is factory bilge pumping plant capable of left open. pumping from and draining any water- (b) Blowoff piping external to the tight compartment except for ballast, boiler shall be designed for not less oil and water tanks which have accept- than 125 percent of the maximum al- able means for filling and emptying lowable working pressure of the boiler, independent of the bilge system. The or the maximum allowable working bilge pumping system shall be capable pressure of the boiler plus 225 pounds of operation under all practicable con- per square inch, whichever is less. ditions after a casualty whether the When the required blowoff piping de- ship is upright or listed. For this pur- sign pressure exceeds 100 pounds per pose wing suctions will generally be square inch gage, the wall thickness of necessary except in narrow compart- the piping shall not be less than Sched- ments at the ends of the vessel where ule 80. The value of allowable stress for one suction may be sufficient. In com- design purposes shall be selected as de- partments of unusual form, additional scribed in § 56.07–10(e) at a temperature suctions may be required. not below that of saturated steam at (2) Arrangements shall be made the maximum allowable working pres- whereby water in the compartments sure of the boiler. will drain to the suction pipes. Effi- cient means shall be provided for (c) Boiler blowoff piping which dis- draining water from all tank tops, charges above the lightest loadline of a other watertight flats and insulated vessel shall be arranged so that the dis- holds. Peak tanks, chain lockers and charge is deflected downward. decks over peak tanks may be drained (d) Valves such as the globe type so by eductors, ejectors, or hand pumps. designed as to form pockets in which Where piping is led through the sediment may collect shall not be used forepeak, see § 56.50–1(b). for blowoff service. (3) Where drainage from particular [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as compartments is considered undesir- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, able, the provisions for such drainage 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; may be omitted, provided it can be USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] shown by calculations that the safety of the vessel will not be impaired. § 56.50–45 Circulating pumps. (4) Where the vessel is to carry Class (a) A main circulating pump and 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint ° ° emergency means for circulating water below 23 C (74 F), Class 6, Division 6.1, through the main condenser shall be poisonous liquids, or Class 8 corrosive ° provided. The emergency means may liquids with a flashpoint below 23 C (74 °F) as defined in 49 CFR part 173, in en- consist of a connection from an inde- closed cargo spaces, the bilge-pumping pendent power pump fitted between the system must be designed to ensure main circulating pump and the con- against inadvertent pumping of such denser. liquids through machinery-space pip- (b) Independent sea suctions shall be ing or pumps. provided for the main circulating and (5) For each vessel constructed on or the emergency circulating pumps. after June 9, 1995, and on an inter- (c) A cross connection between the national voyage, arrangements must be circulating pumps in the case of mul- made to drain the enclosed cargo tiple units will be acceptable in lieu of spaces on either the bulkhead deck of a an independent power pump connec- passenger vessel or the freeboard deck tion. of a cargo vessel. (d) On vessels operating on lakes (in- (i) If the deck edge, at the bulkhead cluding Great Lakes), bays, sounds, or deck of a passenger vessel or the rivers, where provision is made to oper- freeboard deck of a cargo vessel, is im- ate noncondensing, only one circu- mersed when the vessel heels 5° or less, lating unit will be required. the drainage of the enclosed cargo

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spaces must discharge to a space, or easily accessible at all times. As far as spaces, of adequate capacity, each of practicable, each overboard-discharge which has a high-water-level alarm and valve for a bilge system must comply a means to discharge overboard. The with the requirements governing loca- number, size and arrangement of the tion and accessibility for suction mani- drains must prevent unreasonable ac- folds. Except as otherwise permitted by cumulation of water. The pumping ar- paragraph (c)(4) of this section for a rangements must take into account vessel employing a common-rail bilge the requirements for any fixed manual system, each bilge-manifold valve con- or automatic sprinkling system. In en- trolling a bilge suction from any com- closed cargo spaces fitted with carbon- partment must be of the stop-check dioxide extinguishing systems, the type. drains must have traps or other means (2) Each passenger vessel on an inter- to prevent escape of the smothering national voyage must comply with the gas. The enclosed cargo spaces must provisions of SOLAS II–1/21. not drain to machinery spaces or other spaces where sources of ignition may (3) A common-rail bilge system may be present if water may be contami- be installed as an acceptable alter- nated with Class 3 flammable liquids; native to the system required by para- Class 6, Division 6.1, poisonous liquids; graph (c)(1) of this section, provided it or Class 8 corrosive liquids with a satisfies all of the following criteria: flashpoint below 23 °C (74 °F). (i) The common-rail main runs in- (ii) If the deck edge, at the bulkhead board at least one-fifth of the beam of deck of a passenger vessel or the the vessel. freeboard deck of a cargo vessel, is im- (ii) A stop-check valve or both a stop mersed only when the vessel heels valve and a check valve are provided in more than 5°, the drainage of the en- each branch line and located inboard at closed cargo spaces may be by means of least one-fifth of the beam of the ves- a sufficient number of scuppers dis- sel. charging overboard. The installation of (iii) The stop valve or the stop-check scuppers must comply with § 42.15–60 of valve is power-driven, is capable of re- this chapter. mote operation from the space where (b) Passenger vessels shall have pro- the pump is, and, regardless of the sta- vision made to prevent the compart- tus of the power system, is capable of ment served by any bilge suction pip- manual operation to both open and ing from being flooded in the event the close the valve. pipe is severed or otherwise damaged (iv) The stop valve or the stop-check by collision or grounding in any other valve is accessible for both manual op- compartment. Where the piping is lo- eration and repair under all operating cated within one-fifth of the beam of conditions, and the space used for ac- the side of the vessel (measured at cess contains no expansion joint or right angles to the centerline at the flexible coupling that, upon failure, level of the deepest subdivision would cause flooding and prevent ac- loadline or deepest loadline where a subdivision loadline is not assigned) or cess to the valve. is in a ductkeel, a nonreturn valve (v) A port and a starboard suction shall be fitted to the end of the pipe in serve each space protected unless, the compartment which it serves. under the worst conditions of list and (c)(1) Each bilge suction must lead trim and with liquid remaining after from a manifold except as otherwise pumping, the vessel’s stability remains approved by the Commanding Officer, acceptable, in accordance with sub- Marine Safety Center. As far as prac- chapter S of this chapter. ticable, each manifold must be in, or be (vi) For each vessel designed for the capable of remote operation from, the carriage of combinations of both liquid same space as the bilge pump that nor- and dry bulk cargoes (O/B/O), no bilge mally takes suction on that manifold. pump or piping is located in a machin- In either case, the manifold must be ery space other than in a pump room capable of being locally controlled for cargo, and no liquid and other car- from above the floorplates and must be goes are carried simultaneously.

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(vii) For each cargo vessel in Great on an international voyage, D must be meas- Lakes service, each common-rail pip- ured to the next deck above the bulkhead ing for the bilge and ballast system deck if an enclosed cargo space on the bulk- serving cargo spaces, if installed and if head deck that is internally drained in accordance with paragraph (a)(4) of this section connected to a dedicated common-rail extends the entire length of the vessel. bilge system, must lead separately Where the enclosed cargo space extends a from a valved manifold located at the lesser length, D must be taken as the sum of pump. the molded depth (in feet) to the bulkhead (d) The internal diameter of bilge deck plus lh/L where l and h are the aggre- suction pipes including strainers shall gate length and height (in feet) of the en- be determined by formulas (1) and (2), closed cargo space. except that the nearest commercial (3) For vessels of 150 gross tons and size not more than one-fourth inch over, no main suction piping shall be under the required diameter may be less than 21⁄2 inches internal diameter. used. Bilge suction pipes shall be suit- Branch piping need not be more than 4 ably faired to pump inlets. inches and shall not be less than 2 (1) For suctions to each main bilge inches in diameter except for drainage pump: of small pockets or spaces in which case 11⁄2-inch diameter may be used. LB()+ D For vessels less than 150 gross tons no d =+1 ()145 ( ) () bilge suction shall be less than 11⁄2 2500 inches internal diameter and no branch (2) For branch suctions to cargo and piping shall be less than 1 inch nominal machinery spaces: pipe size. (4) For vessels of 65 feet in length or cB+D() less and not engaged on an inter- d=1+ ()235 () () national voyage, the bilge pipe sizes 1500 computed by Formulas (1) and (2) of where: this paragraph are not mandatory, but L = Length of vessel on loadwater line, in in no case shall the size be less than 1 feet. inch nominal pipe size. B = Breadth of vessel, in feet. (5) (5) The number, location, and size of D = Molded depth (in feet) to the bulkhead bilge suctions in the boiler and ma- deck. (6) chinery compartments shall be deter- c = Length of compartment, in feet. mined when the piping plans are sub- d = Required internal diameter of suction mitted for approval and shall be based pipe, in inches. upon the size of the compartments and NOTE 1. For tank vessels, ‘‘L’’ may be re- the drainage arrangements. duced by the combined length of the cargo (e) Independent bilge suction. One of oil tanks. the independent bilge pumps must have NOTE 2. For bulk carriers with full depth wing tanks served by a ballast system where a suction of a diameter not less than the beam of the vessel is not representative that given by Formula (2) in paragraph of the breadth of the compartment, ‘‘B’’ may (d) of this section that is led directly be appropriately modified to the breadth of from the engine room bilge entirely the compartment. independent of the bilge main, and on NOTE 3. In the calculation for a vessel with passenger vessels each independent more than one hull, such as a catamaran, the bilge pump located in the machinery breadth of the unit is the breadth of one hull. spaces must have such direct suctions NOTE 4. In the calculation for a mobile off- from these spaces, except that not shore drilling unit, ‘‘L’’ is reducible by the more than two pumps are required to combined length of spaces that can be have direct suctions from any one pumped by another piping system meeting space. A suction that is led directly §§ 56.50–50 and 56.50–55, where ‘‘L’’ is the from a suitably located pump manifold length of the unit at the waterline. may be considered to be independent of NOTE 5. For mobile offshore drilling units the bilge main. Where two direct suc- employing unusual hull forms, ‘‘B’’ may be modified to the average breadth rather than tions are required in any one compart- the maximum breadth. ment on passenger vessels, one suction NOTE 6. For each passenger vessel con- must be located on each side of the structed on or after June 9, 1995, and being compartment. If watertight bulkheads

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separate the engine and boiler rooms, a suction inlet of the pump. The dis- direct suction or suctions must be charge capacity of the pump selected fitted to each compartment unless the shall exceed the capacity of the re- pumps available for bilge service are quired main bilge pump. distributed throughout these compart- (3) Vessels over 180 feet in length ments, in which case at least one pump which are not passenger vessels and in each such compartment must be which operate on international voyages fitted with direct suction in its com- or in ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes partment. In a vessel with more than service, must be provided with a direct one hull, there must be one bilge pump emergency bilge suction from any that has an independent bilge suction pump in the machinery space, except in each hull. In a column stabilized mo- that a required bilge pump may not be bile offshore drilling unit, the inde- used. The discharge capacity of the pendent bilge suction must be from the pump selected must exceed the capac- pumproom bilge. ity of the required main bilge pump (f) Emergency bilge suctions. In addi- and the area of the suction inlet is to tion to the independent bilge suction(s) be equal to the full suction inlet of the required by paragraph (e) of this sec- pump. tion, an emergency bilge suction must (4) Vessels under 180 feet in length be provided in the machinery space for need not provide an emergency bilge all self-propelled vessels as described in suction, except that passenger vessels the following subparagraphs. Emer- shall comply with the requirements of gency suctions must be provided from paragraphs (f) (1) and (2) of this sec- pumps other than those required by tion. § 56.50–55(a) of this part. Such suctions (5) Each vessel with more than one must have nonreturn valves, and must hull must have an emergency bilge suc- meet the following criteria as appro- tion in each hull. priate: (6) Each column stabilized mobile off- (1) On passenger vessels propelled by shore drilling unit must have— steam and operating on an inter- (i) An emergency bilge suction in national voyage or on ocean, coastwise, each hull; and or Great Lakes routes, the main circu- (ii) A remote control for the emer- lating pump is to be fitted with a di- gency pump and associated valves that rect bilge suction for the machinery can be operated from the ballast con- space. The diameter of such suctions trol room. shall not be less than two-thirds the di- (g) Each individual bilge suction ameter of the main sea injection. When shall be fitted with a suitable bilge it can be shown to the satisfaction of strainer having an open area of not less the Commandant that the main circu- than three times at of the suction pipe. lating pump is not suitable for emer- In addition a mud box or basket strain- gency bilge service, a direct emergency er shall be fitted in an accessible posi- bilge suction is to be led from the larg- tion between the bilge suction mani- est available independent power driven fold and the pump. pump to the drainage level of the ma- (h) Pipes for draining cargo holds or chinery space. The suction is to be of machinery spaces must be separate the same diameter as the main inlet of from pipes which are used for filling or the pump used and the capacity of the emptying tanks where water or oil is pump shall exceed that of a required carried. Bilge and ballast piping sys- main bilge pump. tems must be so arranged as to prevent (2) On passenger vessels propelled by oil or water from the sea or ballast internal combustion engines and oper- spaces from passing into cargo holds or ating on an international voyage or on machinery spaces, or from passing ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes from one compartment to another, routes, the largest available pump in whether from the sea, water ballast, or the engine room is to be fitted with the oil tanks, by the appropriate installa- direct bilge suction in the machinery tion of stop and non-return valves. The space except that a required bilge bilge and ballast mains must be fitted pump may not be used. The area of the with separate control valves at the suction pipe is to be equal to the full pumps. Except as allowed by paragraph

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(c)(4)(vii) of this section, piping for quirements need not be met provided draining a cargo hold or machinery the contents of the tank and piping space must be separate from piping system are chemically compatible and used for filling or emptying any tank strength and stability calculations are where water or oil is carried. Piping for submitted showing that crossflooding bilge and ballast must be arranged so resulting from a pipe, the tank, and the as to prevent, by the appropriate in- spaces through which the piping passes stallation of stop and non-return will not seriously affect the safety of valves, oil or water from the sea or bal- the ship, including the launching of last spaces from passing into a cargo lifeboats due to the ship’s listing. Bilge hold or machinery space, or from pass- lines led through tanks without a pipe ing from one compartment to another, tunnel must be fitted with nonreturn regardless of the source. The bilge and valves at the bilge suctions. ballast mains must be fitted with sepa- (l) When bilge pumps are utilized for rate control valves at the pumps. other services, the piping shall be so (i) Ballast piping shall not be in- arranged that under any condition at stalled to any hull compartment of a least one pump will be available for wood vessel. Where the carriage of liq- drainage of the vessel through an over- uid ballast in such vessels is necessary, board discharge, while the other suitable ballast tanks, structurally pump(s) are being used for a different independent of the hull, shall be pro- service. vided. (m) All bilge pipes used in or under (j) When dry cargo is to be carried in fuel storage tanks or in the boiler or deep tanks, arrangement shall be made machinery space, including spaces in for disconnecting or blanking-off the which oil settling tanks or oil pumping oil and ballast lines, and the bilge suc- units are located, shall be of steel or tions shall be disconnected or blanked- other acceptable material. off when oil or ballast is carried. Blind flanges or reversible pipe fittings may (n) Oil pollution prevention require- be employed for this purpose. ments for bilge and ballast systems are (k) Where bilge and ballast piping is contained in subpart B of part 155, title led through tanks, except ballast pip- 33, Code of Federal Regulations. ing in ballast tanks, means must be NOTE: For the purposes of this section, a provided to minimize the risk of flood- pumproom is a machinery space on a column ing of other spaces due to pipe failure stabilized mobile offshore drilling unit. within the tanks. In this regard, such [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as piping may be in an oiltight or water- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, tight pipe tunnel, or the piping may be 1970; CGD 73–58R, 39 FR 18767, May 30, 1974; of Schedule 80 pipe wall thickness, CGD 79–165a, 45 FR 64188, Sept. 29, 1980; CGD fitted with expansion bends, and all 77–140, 54 FR 40608, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 39968, joints within the tanks are welded. Al- Oct. 1, 1990; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24772, May 10, ternative designs may be installed as 1995; CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, 1997] approved by the Marine Safety Center. Where a pipe tunnel is installed, the § 56.50–55 Bilge pumps. watertight integrity of the bulkheads (a) Self-propelled vessels. (1) Each self- must be maintained. No valve or fit- propelled vessel must be provided with ting may be located within the tunnel a power-driven pump or pumps con- if the pipe tunnel is not of sufficient nected to the bilge main as required by size to afford easy access. These re- table 56.50–55(a).

TABLE 56.50–55(a)—POWER BILGE PUMPS REQUIRED FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS

Passenger vessels 1 Dry-cargo vessels 2 Tank Mobile vessels offshore Ocean, Ocean, drilling Vessel length, in feet Inter- coast- All other coast- units national wise and waters wise and All waters All waters voyages 3 Great Great Lakes Lakes All waters

180′ or more ...... 4 3 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 Below 180′ and exceeding 65′ ...... 4 3 5 2 5 2 5 2 5 2 2 2

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TABLE 56.50–55(a)—POWER BILGE PUMPS REQUIRED FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS—Continued

65′ or less...... 3 1 1 1 1 1 ...... 1 Small passenger vessels under 100 gross tons refer to subpart 182.520 of subchapter T (Small Passenger Vessel) of this chapter. 2 Dry-bulk carriers having ballast pumps connected to the tanks outside the engineroom and to the cargo hold may substitute the appropriate requirements for tank vessels. 3 Not applicable to passenger vessels which do not proceed more than 20 mile from the nearest land, or which are employed in the carriage of large numbers of unberthed passengers in special trades. 4 When the criterion numeral exceeds 30, an additional independent power-driven pump is required. (See part 171 of this chapter for determination of criterion numeral.) 5 Vessels operating on lakes (including Great Lakes), bays, sounds, or rivers where steam is always available, or where a suitable water supply is available from a power-driven pump of adequate pressure and capacity, may substitute siphons or eductors for one of the required power-driven pumps, provided a siphon or eductor is permanently installed in each hold or compartment.

(b) Nonself-propelled vessels. (1) Ocean the bilge main as required in table going sailing vessels and barges shall 56.50–55(b)(1). be provided with pumps connected to

TABLE 56.50–55(b)(1)—BILGE PUMPS REQUIRED FOR NONSELF-PROPELLED VESSELS

(1) Hand Type of vessel Waters navigated Power pumps pumps

Sailing ...... Ocean and coastwise ...... Two ...... (2) Manned barges ...... do ...... Two ...... (2) Manned barges ...... Other than ocean and coastwise ...... (3) ...... (3) Unmanned barges ...... All waters ...... (3) ...... (3) Mobile offshore drilling units ...... All waters ...... Two ...... None. 1 Where power is always available, independent power bilge pumps shall be installed as required and shall be connected to the bilge main. 2 Efficient hand pumps connected to the bilge main may be substituted for the power pumps. Where there is no common bilge main, one hand pump will be required for each compartment. 3 Suitable hand or power pumps or siphons, portable or fixed, carried either on board the barge or on the towing vessel shall be provided.

(2) The pumps and source of power for (d) Priming. Suitable means shall be operation on oceangoing sailing vessels provided for priming centrifugal pumps and barges shall be located above the which are not of the self-priming type. bulkhead deck or at the highest con- (e) Location. (1) For self-propelled venient level which is always acces- vessels, if the engines and boilers are in sible. two or more watertight compartments, (3) Each hull of a vessel with more the bilge pumps must be distributed than one hull, such as a catamaran, throughout these compartments. On must meet Table 56.50–55(b). other self-propelled vessels and mobile (c) Capacity of independent power bilge offshore drilling units, the bilge pumps pump. Each power bilge pump must must be in separate compartments to have the capacity to develop a suction the extent practicable. When the loca- velocity of not less than 400 feet per tion of bilge pumps in separate water- minute through the size of bilge main tight compartments is not practicable, piping required by § 56.50–50(d)(1) of this alternative arrangements may be subpart under ordinary conditions; except mitted for consideration by the Marine that, for vessels of less than 65 feet in Safety Center. length not engaged on international (2) For nonself-propelled vessels re- voyages, the pump must have a min- quiring two bilge pumps, these pumps, imum capacity of 25 gallons per minute insofar as practicable, shall be located and need not meet the velocity require- in separate watertight machinery ment of this paragraph. spaces. When the location of bilge

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pumps in separate watertight compart- tional Technical Information Service, ments is not possible, the Commandant Springfield, Virginia, 22151, under the will consider alternate arrangements of title ‘‘Regulations on Subdivision and the bilge pumps. Stability of Passenger Ships as Equiva- (3) The emergency bilge pumps shall lent to part B of chapter II of the Inter- not be installed in a passenger ship for- national Convention for the Safety of ward of the collision bulkhead. Life at Sea, 1960’’ (Volume IV of the (4) Each hull of a vessel with more U.S. Coast Guard’s ‘‘Commandant’s than one hull must have at least two International Technical Series’’, means for pumping the bilges in each USCG–CITS–74–1–1.) hull. No multi-hulled vessel may oper- [CGD 76–053, 47 FR 37553, Aug. 26, 1982, as ate unless one of these means is avail- amended by CGD 79–023, 48 FR 51007, Nov. 4, able to pump each bilge. 1983] (f) Other pumps. Sanitary, ballast, and general service pumps having the § 56.50–60 Systems containing oil. required capacity may be accepted as (a)(1) Oil-piping systems for the independent power bilge pumps if fitted transfer or discharge of cargo or fuel with the necessary connections to the oil must be separate from other piping bilge pumping system. systems as far as practicable, and posi- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as tive means shall be provided to prevent amended by CGD 79–023, 48 FR 51007, Nov. 4, interconnection in service. 1983; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40608, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 (2) Fuel oil and cargo oil systems FR 39968, Oct. 1, 1990; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24773, may be combined if the cargo oil sys- May 10, 1995; USCG–2004–18884, 69 FR 58346, tems contain only Grade E oils and Sept. 30, 2004] have no connection to cargo systems containing grades of oil with lower § 56.50–57 Bilge piping and pumps, al- flash points or hazardous substances. ternative requirements. (3) Pumps used to transfer oil must (a) If a passenger vessel complies have no discharge connections to fire with §§ 171.075 and 171.082 of this chap- mains, boiler feed systems, or con- ter, its bilge pumping and piping sys- densers unless approved positive means tems must meet §§ 56.50–50 and 56.50–55, are provided to prevent oil from being except as follows: accidentally discharged into any of the (1) Each bilge pumping system must aforementioned systems. comply with— (b) When oil needs to be heated to (i) Regulation 19(b) of the Annex to lower its viscosity, heating coils must IMCO Resolution A.265 (VIII) in place be properly installed in each tank. of §§ 56.50–55(a)(1), 56.50–55(a)(3), and (1) Each drain from a heating coil as 56.50–55(f); well as each drain from an oil heater (ii) Regulation 19(d) of the Annex to must run to an open inspection tank or IMCO Resolution A.265 (VIII) in place other suitable oil detector before re- of § 56.50–55(a)(2). turning to the feed system. (2) Each bilge main must comply (2) As far as practicable, no part of with Regulation 19(i) of the Annex to the fuel-oil system containing heated IMCO Resolution A.265 (VIII) in place oil under pressure exceeding 180 KPa of § 56.50–50(d) except— (26 psi) may be placed in a concealed (i) The nearest commercial pipe size position so that defects and leakage may be used if it is not more than one- cannot be readily observed. Each ma- fourth inch under the required diame- chinery space containing a part of the ter; and system must be adequately illumi- (ii) Each branch pipe must comply nated. with § 56.50–50(d)(2). (c) Filling pipes may be led directly (b) The standards referred to in this from the deck into the tanks or to a section, which are contained in the manifold in an accessible location per- Inter-governmental Maritime Consult- manently marked to indicate the tanks ative Organization (IMCO) Resolution to which they are connected. A shutoff A.265 (VIII), dated December 10, 1973, valve must be fitted at each filling end. are incorporated by reference. This Oil piping must not be led through ac- document is available from the Na- commodation spaces, except that low

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pressure fill piping not normally used from the initial valve position to the at sea may pass through accommoda- opposite position and return. The cross tion spaces if it is of steel construc- connection of this system to an alter- tion, all welded, and not concealed. nate power supply will be given special (d) Piping subject to internal head consideration by the Marine Safety pressure from oil in the tank must be Center. fitted with positive shutoff valves lo- (ii) The valve shall have a local cated at the tank. power actuator to both open and close (1) Valves installed on the outside of the valve unless local manual opening the oil tanks must be made of steel, operation will not prevent remote clos- ductile cast iron ASTM A 395 (incor- ing of the valve. porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– (iii) The positioning of the valve by 2), or a ductile nonferrous alloy having either the local or remote actuators a melting point above 1,700 °F and must shall not void the ability of the other be arranged with a means of manual actuator to close the valve. control locally at the valve and re- (iv) The valve shall be provided with motely from a readily accessible and a means of emergency manual oper- safe location outside of the compart- ation to both open and close the valve ment in which the valves are located. regardless of the status of the power (i) In the special case of a deep tank operating system. Such manual oper- in any shaft tunnel, piping tunnel, or ation may interfere with the power op- similar space, one or more valves must eration, and if so, shall be protected be fitted on the tank, but control in from causal use by means of covers, the event of fire may be effected by locking devices, or other suitable means of an additional valve on the means. Instructions and warnings re- piping outside the tunnel or similar garding the emergency system shall be space. Any such additional valve in- conspicuously posted at the valve. stalled inside a machinery space must (4) Remote operation for shutoff be capable of being operated from out- valves on small independent oil tanks side this space. will be specially considered in each (ii) [Reserved] case where the size of tanks and their (2) If valves are installed on the in- location may warrant the omission of side of the tank, they may be made of remote operating rods. cast iron and arranged for remote con- (e) Fuel oil tanks overhanging boilers trol only. Additional valves for local are prohibited. control must be located in the space (f) Valves for drawing fuel or drain- where the system exits from the tank ing water from fuel are not permitted or adjacent tanks. Valves for local con- in fuel oil systems except that a single trol outside the tanks must be made of valve may be permitted in the case of steel, ductile cast iron ASTM A 395 , or diesel driven machinery if suitably lo- a ductile nonferrous alloy having a cated within the machinery space away melting point above 1,700 °F. from any potential source of ignition. (3) Power operated valves installed to Such a valve shall be fitted with a cap comply with the requirements of this or a plug to prevent leakage. section must meet the following re- (g) Test cocks must not be fitted to quirements: fuel oil or cargo oil tanks. (i) Valve actuators must be capable (h) Oil piping must not run through of closing the valves under all condi- feed or potable water tanks. Feed or tions, except during physical interrup- potable water piping must not pass tion of the power system (e.g., cable through oil tanks. breakage or tube rupture). Fluid power (i) Where flooding equalizing cross- actuated valves, other than those connections between fuel or cargo opened against spring pressure, must tanks are required for stability consid- be provided with an energy storage sys- erations, the arrangement must be ap- tem which is protected, as far as prac- proved by the Marine Safety Center. ticable, from fire and collision. The (j) Piping conveying oil must be run storage system must be used for no well away from hot surfaces wherever other purpose and must have sufficient possible. Where such leads are unavoid- capacity to cycle all connected valves able, only welded joints are to be used,

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or alternatively, suitable shields are to flexible piping or hose is permitted in be fitted in the way of flanged or me- accordance with the applicable require- chanical pipe joints when welded joints ments of §§ 56.35–10, 56.35–15, and 56.60– are not practicable. Piping that con- 25(c). veys fuel oil or lubricating oil to equip- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ment and is in the proximity of equip- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, ment or lines having an open flame or 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; having parts operating above 500 °F CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40609, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR must be of seamless steel. (See § 56.50– 39968, Oct. 1, 1990; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, 65 of this part.) May 10, 1995; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, (k) Oil piping drains, strainers and Sept. 29, 2000; USCG–2004–18884, 69 FR 58346, other equipment subject to normal oil Sept. 30, 2004; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] leakage must be fitted with drip pans or other means to prevent oil draining § 56.50–65 Burner fuel-oil service sys- into the bilge. tems. (l) Where oil piping passes through a (a) All discharge piping from the fuel non-oil tank without stop valves com- oil service pumps to burners must be plying with paragraph (d) of this sec- seamless steel with a thickness of at tion installed at all tank penetrations, least Schedule 80. If required by § 56.07– the piping must comply with § 56.50– 10(e) of this part or paragraph 104.1.2 of 50(k). ASME B31.1 (incorporated by reference; (m) Each arrangement for the stor- see 46 CFR 56.01–2), the thickness must age, distribution, and use of oil in a be greater than Schedule 80. Short pressure-lubrication system must— lengths of steel, or annealed copper (1) As well as comply with § 56.50–80, nickel, nickel copper, or copper pipe be such as to ensure the safety of the and tubing may be used between the vessel and all persons aboard; and fuel oil burner front header manifold (2) In a machinery space, meet the and the atomizer head to provide flexi- applicable requirements of §§ 56.50–60 bility. All material used must meet the (b)(2) and (d), 56.50–85(a)(11), 56.50–90 (c) requirements of subpart 56.60 of this and (d), and 58.01–55(f) of this subpart. The use of non-metallic materials chapter. No arrangement need comply is prohibited. The thickness of the with § 56.50–90 (c)(1) and (c)(3) of this short lengths must not be less than the subchapter if the sounding pipe is larger of 0.9 mm (0.35 inch) or that re- fitted with an effective means of clo- quired by § 56.07–10(e) of this part. sure, such as a threaded cap or plug or Flexible metallic tubing for this appli- other means acceptable to the Officer cation may be used when approved by in Charge, Marine Inspection. The use the Marine Safety Center. Tubing fit- of flexible piping or hose is permitted tings must be of the flared type except in accordance with the applicable re- that flareless fittings of the nonbite quirements of §§ 56.35–10, 56.35–15, and type may be used when the tubing is 56.60–25(c). steel, nickel copper or copper nickel. (n) Each arrangement for the stor- (b)(1) All vessels having oil fired boil- age, distribution, and use of any other ers must have at least two fuel service flammable oil employed under pressure pumps, each of sufficient capacity to in a power transmission-system, con- supply all the boilers at full power, and trol and activating system, or heating arranged so that one may be over- system must be such as to ensure the hauled while the other is in service. At safety of the vessel and all persons least two fuel oil heaters of approxi- aboard by— mately equal capacity must be in- (1) Complying with subpart 58.30 of stalled and so arranged that any heater this subchapter; and, may be overhauled while the other(s) is (2) Where means of ignition are (are) in service. Suction and discharge present, meeting the applicable re- strainers must be of the duplex or quirements of §§ 56.50–85(a)(11), 56.50–90 other type capable of being cleaned (c) and (d), and 58.01–55(f) of this sub- without interrupting the oil supply. chapter. Each pipe and its valves and (2) All auxiliary boilers, except those fittings must be of steel or other ap- furnishing steam for vital equipment proved material, except that the use of and fire extinguishing purposes other

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than duplicate installations, may be copper, or copper nickel pipe or tubing equipped with a single fuel oil service meeting the requirements of subpart pump and a single fuel oil heater. Such 56.60. pumps need not be fitted with dis- (2) Thicknesses of tubing walls must charge strainers. not be less than the larger of that (3) Strainers must be located so as to shown in Table 56.50–70(a) of this sec- preclude the possibility of spraying oil tion or that required by 46 CFR 56.07– on the burner or boiler casing, or be 10(e) and 104.1.2 of ASME B31.1 (incor- provided with spray shields. Coamings, porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– drip pans, etc., must be fitted under 2). fuel oil service pumps, heaters, etc., (3) Tubing fittings shall be of non- where necessary to prevent oil drain- ferrous drawn or forged metal and of age to the bilge. the flared type except that the flareless (4) Boilers burning fuel oils of low fittings of the nonbite type may be viscosity need not be equipped with used when the tubing system is of nick- fuel oil heaters, provided acceptable el copper or copper nickel. Tubing shall evidence is furnished to indicate that be cut square and flared by suitable satisfactory combustion will be ob- tools. Tube ends shall be annealed be- tained without the use of heaters. fore flaring. Pipe fittings shall be of (c) Piping between service pumps and nonferrous material. Pipe thread joints burners shall be located so as to be shall be made tight with a suitable readily observable, and all bolted compound. flange joints shall be provided with a (4) Valves for fuel lines shall be of wrap around deflector to deflect spray nonferrous material of the union bon- in case of a leak. The relief valve lo- net type with ground seats except that cated at the pump and the relief valves cocks may be used if they are the solid fitted to the fuel oil heaters shall dis- bottom type with tapered plugs and charge back into the settling tank or union bonnets. the suction side of the pump. The return line from the burners shall be so TABLE 56.50–70(a)—TUBING WALL THICKNESS arranged that the suction piping can- Thickness not be subjected to discharge pressure. Outside diameter of tubing in inches (d) If threaded-bonnet valves are em- B.W.G. Inch ployed, they shall be of the union-bon- 1⁄8, 3⁄16, 1⁄4 ...... #21 0.032 net type capable of being packed under 5⁄16, 3⁄8 ...... #20 .035 pressure. 7⁄16, 1⁄2 ...... #19 .042 (e) Unions shall not be used for pipe diameters of 1 inch and above. (b) Installation. (1) All fuel pipes, pipe (f) Boiler header valves of the quick connections, and accessories shall be closing type shall be installed in the readily accessible. The piping shall run fuel supply lines as close to the boiler in sight wherever practicable, pro- front header as practicable. The loca- tected against mechanical injury, and tion is to be accessible to the operator effectively secured against excessive or remotely controlled. movement and vibration by the use of (g) Bushings and street ells are not soft nonferrous metal liners or straps permitted in fuel oil discharge piping. without sharp edges. Where passing (h) Each fuel-oil service pump must through steel decks or bulkheads, fuel be equipped with controls as required lines shall be protected by close fitting by § 58.01–25 of this subchapter. ferrules or stuffing boxes. Refer to § 56.30–25 for tubing joint installations. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, (2) Either a short length of suitable 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40609, Oct. 2, 1989; metallic or nonmetallic flexible tubing CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995; USCG– or hose or a loop of annealed copper 2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] tubing must be installed in the fuel- supply line at or near the engine to § 56.50–70 Gasoline fuel systems. prevent damage by vibration. (a) Material. (1) Fuel supply piping to (i) If nonmetallic flexible hose is the engines shall be of seamless drawn used, it must meet the requirements of annealed copper pipe or tubing, nickel 46 CFR 56.60–25(b) for fuel service.

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(ii) Flexible hose connections should (h) Vent pipes. Each tank shall be maintain metallic contact between the fitted with a vent, the cross-sectional sections of the fuel-supply lines; how- area of which shall not be less than ever, if they do not, the fuel tank must that of the filling pipe. The vent pipes be grounded. shall terminate at least 2 feet above (3) Valves in fuel lines shall be in- the weather deck and not less than 3 stalled to close against the flow. feet from any opening into living quar- (c) Shutoff valves. Shutoff valves of a ters or other below deck space. The suitable type shall be installed in the ends of vent pipes shall terminate with fuel supply lines, one as close to each U-bends and shall be fitted with flame tank as practicable, and one as close to screens or flame arresters. The flame each carburetor as practicable. Where screens shall consist of a single screen fuel tanks are installed below the of corrosion resistant wire of at least weather deck, arrangements shall be 30 by 30 mesh. provided for operating all shutoff (i) Gasoline tanks. For requirements valves at the tanks from outside the compartments in which they are lo- pertaining to independent gasoline fuel cated, preferably from an accessible po- tanks see subpart 58.50 of this sub- sition on the weather deck. The oper- chapter. ating gear for the shutoff valves at the (j) Fuel pumps. Each fuel pump must tanks shall be accessible at all times be equipped with controls as required and shall be suitably marked. by § 58.01–25 of this subchapter. (d) Strainers. A suitable twin strainer [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as shall be fitted in the fuel supply line in amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, the engine compartment. Strainers 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; shall be of the type opening on top for CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995; USCG– cleaning screens. A drip pan shall be 2002–13058, 67 FR 61278, Sept. 30, 2002; USCG– fitted under the strainer. 2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] (e) Outlets and drains. Outlets in fuel lines for drawing gasoline for any pur- § 56.50–75 Diesel fuel systems. pose are prohibited. Valved openings in (a) Vessels greater than 100 gross tons. the bottom of fuel tanks are prohib- (1) The diesel fuel system shall comply ited; however, openings fitted with with §§ 56.50–60, 56.50–85, and 56.50–90. threaded plug or cap can be used for The fuel supply piping to engines shall cleaning purposes. be of seamless steel, annealed seamless (f) Fuel suction connections. All fuel copper or brass pipe or tubing, or of suction and return lines shall enter the nickel copper or copper nickel alloy top of the fuel tanks and connections meeting the requirements of subpart shall be fitted into spuds. Such lines 56.60 for materials and § 56.50–70(a)(2) shall extend nearly to the bottom of for thickness. Fuel oil service or unit the tank. pumps shall be equipped with controls (g) Filling and sounding pipes. Filling to comply with § 58.01–25 of this sub- and sounding pipes shall be so arranged chapter. that vapors or possible overflow when (2) The installation shall comply filling cannot escape to the inside of the vessel but will discharge overboard. with § 56.50–70(b). Such pipes shall terminate on the (3) Tubing connections and fittings weather deck clear of any coamings shall be drawn or forged metal of the and shall be fitted with suitable shutoff flared type except that flareless fit- valves or deck plugs. Filling and sound- tings of the nonbite type may be used ing pipes shall extend to within one- when the tubing system is steel, nick- half of their diameter from the bottom el-copper, or copper-nickel. When mak- of the tank or from the surface of the ing flared tube connections the tubing striking plate in case of a sounding shall be cut square and flared by suit- pipe. A flame screen of noncorrodible able tools. Tube ends shall be annealed wire mesh shall be fitted in the throat before flaring. of the filling pipe. Sounding pipes shall (b) Vessels of 100 gross tons and less be kept closed at all times except dur- and tank barges—(1) Materials. Fuel sup- ing sounding. ply piping shall be of copper, nickel

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copper or copper nickel having a min- any vessel below 300 gross tons. Where imum wall thickness of 0.035 inch ex- the size and design of an engine is such cept that piping of other materials that lubrication before starting is not such as seamless steel pipe or tubing necessary and an attached pump is nor- which provides equivalent safety may mally used, the independent auxiliary be used. pump is not required if a duplicate of (2) Tubing connections and fittings. the attached pump is carried as spare. Tubing connections shall comply with In meeting the requirements of para- the provisions of § 56.50–75(a)(3). graph (c) of this section in the case of (3) Installation. The installation of internal combustion engines, two sepa- diesel fuel piping shall comply with the rate means are to be provided for circu- requirements of § 56.50–70(b). lating coolant on those engines on (4) Shutoff valves. Shutoff valves shall which oil coolers are fitted. One of be installed in the fuel supply lines, those means must be independently one as close to each tank as practicable, and one as close to each fuel driven and may consist of a connection pump as practicable. Valves shall be from a pump of adequate size normally accessible at all times. used for other purposes utilizing the re- (5) Outlets and drains. Valves for required coolant. Where the design of an moving water or impurities from fuel engine will not readily accommodate oil systems will be permitted in the an independent pump connection, the machinery space provided such valves independent auxiliary pump will not be are fitted with caps or plugs to prevent required if a duplicate of the attached leakage. pump is carried as a spare. Oil filters (6) Filling pipe. Tank filling pipes on shall be provided on all internal com- motorboats and motor vessels of less bustion engine installations. On main than 100 gross tons and tank barges propulsion engines which are fitted shall terminate on an open deck and with full-flow type filters, the arrange- shall be fitted with suitable shutoff ment shall be such that the filters may valves, deck plugs, or caps. be cleaned without interrupting the oil (7) Vent pipes. Each tank shall be supply except that such an arrange- fitted with a vent pipe complying with ment is not required on vessels having § 56.50–85. more than a single main propulsion en- (8) Independent diesel fuel tanks. See gine. subpart 58.50 of this subchapter for spe- (e) The lubricating oil piping shall be cific requirements. independent of other piping systems [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as and shall be provided with necessary amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40610, Oct. 2, coolers, heaters, filters, etc., for proper 1989] operation. Oil heaters shall be fitted with bypasses. § 56.50–80 Lubricating-oil systems. (f) Diesel engine lubrication systems (a) The lubricating oil system shall shall be so arranged that vapors from be designed to function satisfactorily the sump tank may not be discharged when the vessel has a permanent 15° back into the engine crank case of en- list and a permanent 5° trim. gines of the dry sump type. (b) When pressure or gravity-forced lubrication is employed for the steam (g) Steam turbine driven propulsion driven main propelling machinery, an and auxiliary generating machinery de- independent auxiliary lubricating pending on forced lubrication shall be pump shall be provided. arranged to shut down automatically (c) Oil coolers on steam driven ma- upon failure of the lubricating system. chinery shall be provided with two sep- (h) Sight-flow glasses may be used in arate means of circulating water lubricating-oil systems provided it has through the coolers. been demonstrated, to the satisfaction (d) For internal combustion engine of the Commanding Officer, Marine installations, the requirements of para- Safety Center, that they can withstand graphs (b) and (c) of this section shall exposure to a flame at a temperature of be met, but they do not apply to ves- 927 °C (1700 °F) for one hour, without sels in river and harbor service, nor to failure or appreciable leakage.

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(i) Steam driven propulsion machin- at least Schedule 40 in wall thickness. ery must be provided with an emer- Except for barges in inland service and gency supply of lubricating oil that for Great Lakes vessels, the height must operate automatically upon fail- from the deck to any point where ure of the lubricating oil system. The water may gain access through the emergency oil supply must be adequate vent to below deck must be at least 30 to provide lubrication until the equip- inches (760mm) on the freeboard deck ment comes to rest during automatic and 171⁄2 inches (450mm) on the super- shutdown. structure deck. On Great Lakes vessels, the height from the deck to any [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, point where water may gain access 1970; CGD 81–030, 53 FR 17837, May 18, 1988; through the vent to below deck must CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995] be at least 30 inches (760mm) on the freeboard deck, 24 inches (610mm) on § 56.50–85 Tank-vent piping. the raised quarterdeck, and 12 inches (a) This section applies to vents for (305mm) on other superstructure decks. all independent, fixed, non-pressure Where the height of vents on Great tanks or containers or for spaces in Lakes vessels may interfere with the which liquids, such as fuel, ship’s working of the vessel, a lower height stores, cargo, or ballast, are carried. may be approved by the Marine Safety (1) The structural arrangement in Center provided the vent cap is prop- double bottom and other tanks shall be erly protected from mechanical dam- such as to permit the free passage of age. For barges in inland service, the air and gases from all parts of the vents must extend at least six inches tanks to vent pipes. above the deck. A lesser amount may (2) Tanks having a comparatively be approved by the Marine Safety Cen- small surface, such as fuel oil settling ter if evidence is provided that a par- tanks, need be fitted with only one ticular vent has proven satisfactory in vent pipe, but tanks having a compara- service. tively large surface shall be fitted with (7) Satisfactory means, permanently at least two vent pipes. The vents shall attached, shall be provided for closing be located so as to provide venting of the openings of all vents, except that the tanks under any service condition. barges in inland service may be ex- (3) Vent pipes for fuel oil tanks shall, empted. Acceptable means of closure wherever possible, have a slope of no are: less than 30°. Header lines, where both (i) A ball check valve where the ball ends are adequately drained to a tank, float, normally in the open position, are excluded from this requirement. will float up and close under the action (4) Tank vents must extend above the of a submerging wave. The valve shall weather deck, except vents from fresh be designed so that the effective clear water tanks, bilge oily-water holding discharge area through the valve with tanks, bilge slop tanks, and tanks con- the float in the open position is not taining Grade E combustible liquids, less than the inlet area of the vent pipe such as lubricating oil, may terminate to which the valve is connected. in the machinery space, provided— (ii) A hinged closure normally open (i) The vents are arranged to prevent on the outlet of the return bend, which overflow on machinery, electrical must close automatically by the force equipment, and hot surfaces; of a submerging wave; or (ii) Tanks containing combustible (iii) Another suitable device accept- liquids are not heated; and able to the Commanding Officer, Ma- (iii) The vents terminate above the rine Safety Center. deep load waterline if the tanks have (8) Vent outlets from all tanks which boundaries in common with the hull. may emit flammable or combustible (5) Vents from oil tanks must termi- vapors, such as bilge slop tanks and nate not less than three feet from any contaminated drain tanks, must be opening into living quarters. fitted with a single screen of corrosion- (6) Vents extending above the resistant wire of at least 30 by 30 mesh, freeboard deck or superstructure deck or two screens of at least 20 by 20 mesh from fuel oil and other tanks must be spaced not less than one-half inch

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(13mm) nor more than 11⁄2 inches must terminate above the weather (38mm) apart. The clear area through deck. the mesh must not be less than the in- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ternal unobstructed area of the re- amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40610, Oct. 2, quired pipe. 1989; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995; (9) Where vents are provided with CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995] flame screens, the closure device shall be situated so as not to damage these § 56.50–90 Sounding devices. screens. (a) Each tank must be provided with (10) The diameter of each vent pipe a suitable means of determining liquid must not be less than 11⁄2 inches nomi- level. Except for a main cargo tank on nal pipe size for fresh water tanks, 2 a tank vessel, each integral hull tank inches nominal pipe size for water bal- and compartment, unless at all times last tanks, and 21⁄2 inches nominal pipe accessible while the vessel is operating, size for fuel oil tanks, except that must be fitted with a sounding pipe. small independent tanks need not have (b) Where sounding pipes terminate a vent more than 25% greater in cross- below the freeboard deck on cargo ves- sectional area than the fill line. sels, they shall be fitted with gate (11)(i) If a tank may be filled by a valves. On passenger vessels, where pressure head exceeding that for which sounding pipes terminate below the the tank is designed, the aggregate bulkhead deck, they shall be fitted cross-sectional area of the vents in with self-closing gate valves. each tank must be not less than the (c) Except as allowed by this para- cross-sectional area of the filling line graph, on each vessel constructed on or unless the tank is protected by over- after June 9, 1995, no sounding pipe flows, in which case the aggregate used in a fuel-oil tank may terminate cross-sectional area of the overflows in any space where the risk of ignition must be not less than the cross-sec- of spillage from the pipe might arise. tional area of the filling line. None may terminate in a space for pas- (ii) Provision must be made to guard sengers or crew. When practicable, against liquids rising in the venting none may terminate in a machinery system to a height that would exceed space. When the Commanding Officer, the design head of a cargo tank or fuel- Marine Safety Center, determines it oil tank. It may be made by high-level impracticable to avoid terminating a alarms or overflow-control systems or pipe in a machinery space, a sounding other, equivalent means, together with pipe may terminate in a machinery gauging devices and procedures for fill- space if all the following requirements ing cargo tanks. are met: (12) Where deep tanks are intended (1) In addition to the sounding pipe, for the occasional carriage of dry or the fuel-oil tank has an oil-level gauge liquid cargo, a ‘‘spectacle’’ or ring and complying with paragraph (d) of this blank flange may be fitted in the over- section. flow pipe so arranged as not to inter- (2) The pipe terminates in a place re- fere with venting when the tanks con- mote from ignition hazards unless pre- tain oil. cautions are taken such as fitting an (13) Vents from fresh water or water effective screen (shield) to prevent the ballast tanks shall not be connected to fuel oil, in case of spillage through the a common header with vents from oil end of the pipe, from coming into con- or oily ballast tanks. tact with a source of ignition. (b) Tank vents must remain within (3) The end of the pipe is fitted with the watertight subdivision boundaries a self-closing blanking device and a in which the tanks they vent are lo- small-diameter, self-closing control cated. Where the structural configura- cock located below the blanking device tion of a vessel makes meeting this re- for the purpose of ascertaining before quirement impracticable, the Marine the blanking device is opened that no Safety Center may permit a tank vent fuel oil is present. Provision must be to penetrate a watertight subdivision made to ensure that no spillage of fuel bulkhead. All tank vents which pene- oil through the control cock involves trate watertight subdivision bulkheads an ignition hazard.

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(d) On each vessel constructed on or by making each discharge serve for as after June 9, 1995, other oil-level many as possible of the sanitary and gauges may be used instead of sounding other pipes, or in any other satisfac- pipes if all the following requirements tory manner. are met: (3) In general, when the bulkhead (1) In a passenger vessel, no such deck is above the freeboard deck, the gauge may require penetration below requirements of this section apply rel- the top of the tank, and neither the ative to the bulkhead deck. For vessels failure of a gauge nor an overfilling of not assigned load lines, such as certain the tank may permit release of fuel inland vessels and barges, the weather into the space. deck shall be taken as the freeboard (2) In a cargo vessel, neither the fail- deck. ure of such a gauge nor an overfilling (b)(1) Scuppers and discharge pipes of the tank may permit release of fuel originating at any level and pene- into the space. The use of cylindrical trating the shell either more than 171⁄2 gauge-glasses is prohibited. The use of inches (450mm) below the freeboard oil-level gauges with flat glasses and deck or less than 231⁄2 inches (600mm) self-closing valves between the gauges above the summer load waterline must and fuel tanks is acceptable. be provided with an automatic non- (e) The upper ends of sounding pipes return valve at the shell. This valve, terminating at the weather deck shall unless required by paragraph (b)(2) of be closed by a screw cap or plug. Great this section, may be omitted if the pip- Lakes dry cargo carriers may have the ing is not less than Schedule 80 in wall sounding pipes which service ballast thickness for nominal pipe sizes water tanks terminate at least 4 inches through 8 inches, Schedule 60 for nomi- above the deck if closure is provided by nal pipe sizes above 8 inches and below a tight fitting hinged cover making 16 inches, and Schedule 40 for nominal metal-to-metal contact with the hinge pipe sizes 16 inches and above. on the forward side. Positive means to (2) Discharges led through the shell secure these caps in the closed position originating either from spaces below shall be provided. Provision shall be the freeboard deck or from within en- made to prevent damage to the vessels’ closed superstructures and equivalent plating by the striking of the sounding deckhouses on the freeboard deck as rod. defined in § 42.13–15(i) of subchapter E (f) On mobile offshore drilling units (Load Lines) of this chapter, shall be where installation of sounding pipes fitted with efficient and accessible may not be practicable for some tanks, means for preventing water from pass- alternate means of determining liquid ing inboard. Normally each separate level may be used if approved by the discharge shall have one automatic Commandant. nonreturn valve with a positive means [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as of closing it from a position above the amended by CGD 73–251, 43 FR 56800, Dec. 4, freeboard deck. Where, however, the 1978; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995; vertical upward distance from the sum- CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, 1997] mer load line to the inboard end of the discharge pipe through which flooding § 56.50–95 Overboard discharges and can take place exceed 0.01L, the dis- shell connections. charge may have two automatic non- (a)(1) All inlets and discharges led return valves without positive means through the vessel’s side shall be fitted of closing, provided that the inboard with efficient and accessible means, lo- valve is always accessible for examina- cated as close to the hull penetrations tion under service conditions. Where as is practicable, for preventing the ac- that vertical distance exceeds 0.02L a cidental admission of water into the single automatic nonreturn valve with- vessel either through such pipes or in out positive means of closing is accept- the event of fracture of such pipes. able. In an installation where the two (2) The number of scuppers, sanitary automatic nonreturn valves are used, discharges, tank overflows, and other the inboard valve must be above the similar openings in the vessel’s side tropical load line. The means for oper- shall be reduced to a minimum, either ating the positive action valve shall be

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readily accessible and provided with an controls shall be readily accessible indicator showing whether the valve is above the floor plates and shall be pro- open or closed. A suitable arrangement vided with indication showing whether shall be made to insure the valve is not the valve is opened or closed. Manned closed by unauthorized persons, and a machinery spaces include the main ma- notice shall be posted in a conspicuous chinery space and are either attended place at the operating station to the ef- by the crew or are automated in ac- fect that the valve shall not be closed cordance with part 62 of this sub- except as required in an emergency. chapter to be comparable to an at- (3) Where scuppers and drains are intended space. stalled in superstructures or deck- (2) In unmanned machinery spaces, houses not enclosed as defined in all machinery inlets and discharges as § 42.13–15(j) of subchapter E (Load described in paragraph (d)(1) of this Lines) of this chapter, they shall be led section shall be remotely operable overboard. Refer to paragraph (b)(1) of from a position above the freeboard this section for any nonreturn valve requirement. deck unless otherwise approved and (4) Sanitary pump discharges leading shall meet the access and marking re- directly overboard or via a holding quirements of paragraph (b)(2) of this tank must meet the standards pre- section. scribed by this paragraph. The location (e)(1) Pipes terminating at the shell of the sanitary system openings within plating shall be fitted with bends or el- the vessel determines whether the re- bows between the outboard openings quirements of paragraph (b)(2) or (3) of and the first rigid connection inboard. this section are applicable. In no case shall such pipes be fitted in (c) Overflow pipes which discharge a direct line between the shell opening through the vessel’s side must be lo- and the first inboard connection. cated as far above the deepest load line (2) Seachests and other hull fittings as practicable and fitted with valves as shall be of substantial construction required by paragraph (b) of this sec- and as short as possible. They shall be tion. Two automatic nonreturn valves located as to minimize the possibility must be used unless it is impracticable of being blocked or obstructed. to locate the inboard valve in an acces- (3) The thickness of inlet and dis- sible position, in which case a non- charge connections outboard of the return valve with a positive means of shutoff valves, and exclusive of closure from a position above the seachests, must be not less than that of freeboard deck will be acceptable. Schedule 80 for nominal pipe sizes Overflows which extend at least 30 through 8 inches, Schedule 60 for nomi- inches above the freeboard deck before nal pipe sizes above 8 inches and below discharging overboard may be fitted 16 inches, and Schedule 40 for nominal with a single automatic nonreturn pipe sizes 16 inches and above. valve at the vessel’s side. Overflow pipes which serve as tank vents must (f) Valves required by this section not be fitted with positive means of and piping system components out- closure without the specific approval of board of such required valves on new the Marine Safety Center. Overflow vessel installations or replacements in pipes may be vented to the weather. vessels of 150 gross tons and over shall (d)(1) Sea inlets and discharges, such be of a steel, bronze, or ductile cast as used in closed systems required for iron specification listed in Table 56.60– the operation of main and auxiliary 1(a). Lead or other heat sensitive mate- machinery, as in pump connections or rials having a melting point of 1,700 °F. scoop injection heat exchanger connec- or less shall not be used in such serv- tions, need not meet the requirements ice, or in any other application where of paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this sec- the deterioration of the piping system tion but instead shall be fitted with a in the event of fire would give rise to shutoff valve located as near the shell danger of flooding. Brittle materials plating as practicable, and may be lo- such as cast iron shall not be used in cally controlled if the valve is located such service. Where nonmetallic mate- in a manned machinery space. These rials are used in a piping system, and

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shell closures are required by this sec- bilge discharges or fire pump suctions tion, a positive closure metallic valve must not be locked closed, whether is required (see also § 56.60–25). they are sea valves or not. (g) The inboard openings of ash and rubbish-chute discharges shall be fitted [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843; Dec. 18, 1968, as with efficient covers. If the inboard amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; opening is located below the freeboard CGD 81–030, 53 FR 17837, May 18, 1988; CGD 77– deck, the cover shall be watertight, 140, 54 FR 40610, Oct. 2, 1989] and in addition, an automatic nonreturn valve shall be fitted in the chute § 56.50–96 Keel cooler installations. in any easily accessible position above the deepest load line. Means shall be (a) Keel cooler installations shall provided for securing both the cover meet the requirements of § 56.50–95(d)(1) and the valve when the chute is not in and (2), and (e)(3), and (f) except that use. When ash-ejectors or similar ex- shutoff or isolation valves will not be pelling devices located in the boiler- required for the inlet and discharge room have the inboard openings below connections if: the deepest load line, they shall be (1) The installation is forward of the fitted with efficient means for pre- collision bulkhead; or, venting the accidental admission of (2) The installation is integral with water. The thickness of pipe for ash the ship’s hull such that the cooler ejector discharge shall be not less than tubes are welded directly to the hull of Schedule 80. the vessel with the hull forming part of (h) Where deck drains, soil lines, and the tube and satisfies all of the fol- sanitary drains discharge through the lowing: shell in way of cargo tanks on tank (i) The cooler structure is fabricated vessels, the valves required by this sec- from material of the same thickness tion shall be located outside the cargo and quality as the hull plating to tanks. These valves shall meet the ma- which it is attached except that in the terial requirements of paragraph (f) of this section. The piping led through case of half round pipe lesser thickness such tanks shall be fitted with expan- may be used if specifically approved by sion bends where required, and shall be the Commandant. In any case the of steel pipe having a wall thickness of structure, with the exception of the not less than five-eighths inch, except hull proper, need not exceed three- that the use of suitable corrosion-re- eighths inch in thickness. sistant material of lesser thickness (ii) The flexible connections and all will be given special consideration by openings internal to the vessel, such as the Commandant. All pipe joints with- expansion tank vents and fills, in the in the tanks shall be welded. Soil lines installation are above the deepest load and sanitary drains which pass through line and all piping components are cargo tanks shall be provided with non- Schedule 80 or thicker below the deep- return valves with positive means of est load line. closing or other suitable means for pre- (iii) Full penetration welds are em- venting the entrance of gases into liv- ployed in the fabrication of the struc- ing quarters. ture and its attachment to the hull. (i) Except as provided for in § 58.20– (iv) The forward end of the structure 20(c) of this chapter, sea valves must must be faired to the hull such that the not be held open with locks. Where it is horizontal length of the fairing is no necessary to hold a discharge or intake less than four times the height of the closed with a lock, either a locking valve may be located inboard of the sea structure, or be in a protected location valve, or the design must be such that such as inside a bow thruster trunk. there is sufficient freedom of motion to [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as fully close the locked sea valve after amended by CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. an event, such as fire damage to the 25, 1972; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40611, Oct. 2, 1989] seat, causes significant leakage through the valve. Valves which must be opened in and emergency, such as

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§ 56.50–97 Piping for instruments, con- shall not exceed the maximum design trol, and sampling (modifies 122.3). pressure of the piping system. Relief (a) Piping for instruments, control, devices shall discharge to a location in and sampling must comply with para- the weather at least 3 m (10 ft) from graph 122.3 of ASME B31.1 (incor- sources of ignition or openings to porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– spaces or tanks. 2) except that: (j) Outlet stations are to be provided (1) Soldered type fittings may not be with suitable protective devices which used. will prevent the back flow of gas into (2) The outside diameter of takeoff the supply lines and prevent the pas- connections may not be less than 0.840 sage of flame into the supply lines. inches for service conditions up to 900 (k) Shutoff valves shall be fitted at psi or 800 °F., and 1.050 inches for condi- each outlet. tions that exceed either of these limits. [CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, 1997] [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, § 56.50–105 Low-temperature piping. 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; (a) Class I-L. Piping systems des- USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008] ignated to operate at temperatures below 0 °F. and pressures above 150 § 56.50–103 Fixed oxygen-acetylene dis- pounds per square inch gage shall be of tribution piping. Class I-L. Exceptions to this rule may (a) This section applies to fixed pip- be found in the individual requirements ing installed for the distribution of ox- for specific commodities in subchapters ygen and acetylene carried in cylinders D, I, and O of this chapter. The fol- as vessels stores. lowing requirements for Class I-L pip- (b) The distribution piping shall be of ing systems shall be satisfied: at least standard wall thickness and (1) Materials. All materials used in shall include a means, located as close low temperature piping systems shall to the supply cylinders as possible, of be selected from among those specifica- regulating the pressure from the sup- tions listed in Table 56.50–105 and shall ply cylinders to the suitable pressure satisfy all of the requirements of the at the outlet stations. specifications, except that: (c) Acetylene distribution piping and (i) The minimum service temperature pipe fittings must be seamless steel. as defined in § 54.25–10(a)(2) of this sub- Copper alloys containing less than 65 chapter shall not be colder than that percent copper may be used in connec- shown in Table 56.50–105; and tion with valves, regulators, gages, and (ii) The material shall be tested for other equipment used with acetylene. low temperature toughness using the (d) Oxygen distribution piping and Charpy V-notch specimen of ASTM E pipe fittings must be seamless steel or 23 (incorporated by reference, see copper. § 56.01–2), ‘‘Notched Bar Impact Testing (e) When more than two cylinders are of Metallic Materials’’, Type A, Figure connected to a manifold, the supply 4. The toughness testing requirements pipe between each cylinder and mani- of subpart 54.05 of this subchapter shall fold shall be fitted with a non-return be satisfied for each particular product valve. form. Charpy V-notch tests shall be (f) Except for the cylinder manifolds, conducted at temperatures not warmer acetylene is not to be piped at a pres- than 10 °F. below the minimum service sure in excess of 100 kPa (14.7 psi). temperature of the design, except that (g) Pipe joints on the low pressure for service temperatures of ¥320 °F. side of the regulators shall be welded. and below, the impact test may be con- (h) Branch lines shall not run ducted at the service temperature. The through unventilated spaces or accom- minimum average energy shall not be modation spaces. less than that shown in Table 56.50–105. (i) Relief valves or rupture discs shall In the case of steels conforming to the be installed as relief devices in the pip- specifications of Table 54.25–20(a) of ing system if the maximum design this subchapter the minimum lateral pressure of the piping system can be expansion shall not be less than that exceeded. The relief device set pressure required in § 54.25–20 of this subchapter.

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The minimum energy permitted for a joints shall not be used, except in small single specimen and the minimum diameter instrument lines. subsize energies shall be those obtained (5) Other requirements. All other re- by multiplying the average energy quirements of this part for Class I pip- shown in Table 56.50–105 by the applica- ing apply to Class I-L piping. Pressure ble fraction shown in Table 56.50–105(a). testing must comply with subpart 56.97 of this part, and nondestructive testing TABLE 56.50–105(a)—CHARPY V-NOTCH of circumferentially welded joints ENERGY MULTIPLYING FACTORS must comply with § 56.95–10. Seamless Factor for Factor for tubular products must be used except minimum minimum that, when the service pressure does Charpy V-notch specimen size 1 energy, av- energy sin- erage of 3 gle speci- not exceed 1724 KPa (250 psi), the Com- specimens 1 men 1 manding Officer, Marine Safety Center, 10 × 10 mm ...... 1 2/3 may give special consideration to ap- 10 × 7.5 mm ...... 5/6 5/9 propriate grades of piping and tubing 10 × 5.0 mm ...... 2/3 4/9 that are welded without the addition of 10 × 2.5 mm ...... 1/2 1/3 filler metal in the root pass. Each pro- 1 Straight line interpolation for intermediate values is permitted. duction procedure and quality-control program for welded products must be (iii) Steels equivalent to those listed acceptable to the Officer in Charge, in Table 56.50–105 of this part, but not Marine Inspection. produced according to a particular (b) Class II-L. Piping systems de- ASTM specification, may be used only signed to operate at temperatures with the prior consent of the Marine below 0 °F. and pressures not higher Safety Center. Steels differing in than 150 pounds per square inch gage chemical composition, mechanical shall be of Class II-L. Exceptions to properties or heat treatments from this rule may be found in the indi- those specified may be specially ap- vidual requirements for specific com- proved by the Marine Safety Center. modities in subchapter D (Tank Ves- Similarly, aluminum alloys and other sels) and I (Cargo and Miscellaneous nonferrous materials not covered in Vessels) of this chapter. The following Table 56.50–105 of this part may be spe- requirements for Class II-L piping sys- cifically approved by the Marine Safe- tems shall be satisfied: ty Center for service at any low temperature. There are restrictions on the (1) Materials must be the same as use of certain materials in this part those required by paragraph (a)(1) of and in subchapter O of this chapter. this section except that pipe and tub- (2) Piping weldments. Piping ing of appropriate grades welded with- weldments shall be fabricated to sat- out the addition of a filler metal may isfy the requirements of § 57.03–1(b) of be used. The Commandant may give this subchapter in addition to subpart special consideration to tubular prod- 56.70. Toughness testing of production ucts welded with the addition of filler weldments for low temperature piping metal. systems and assemblies is not required. (2) Piping weldments shall be fab- (3) Postweld heat treatment. All piping ricated to satisfy the requirements of weldments shall be postweld heat § 57.03–1(b) of this subchapter in addi- treated for stress relief in accordance tion to subpart 56.70. Toughness testing with the procedures of subpart 56.85. of production weldments for low tem- The only exceptions to this require- perature piping systems and assemblies ment are for materials which do not re- is not required. quire postweld heat treatment as (3) All piping weldments shall be shown in Table 56.85–10. Relief from postweld heat treated for stress relief postweld heat treatment shall not be in accordance with the procedures of dependent upon pipe thickness or weld subpart 56.85. The only exceptions to joint type. this requirement are for materials (4) Nonacceptable joints. Single welded which do not require postweld heat butt joints with backing ring left in treatment as shown in Table 56.85–10 place, socket welds, slip-on flanges, and for socket weld joints and slip-on pipe joining sleeves, and threaded flange weld attachments where the

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weld thickness does not exceed that ex- (5) Pressure testing must comply empted by this table. Otherwise, relief with subpart 56.97, and nondestructive from post-weld heat treatment shall testing of welded joints must comply not be dependent upon pipe thickness with § 56.95–10. or weld joint type. (6) All other requirements contained (4) Socket welds in nominal sizes in this part for Class II piping shall be above 3 inches, slip-on flanges in nomi- applicable to Class II-L systems, except nal sizes above 4 inches, and threaded that § 56.70–15(b)(3)(iv) shall not apply. joints in sizes above 1 inch shall not be used.

TABLE 56.50–105—ACCEPTABLE MATERIALS AND TOUGHNESS TEST CRITERIA 2

3 4 Minimum service tem- Minimum avg Charpy V Product form ASTM specification Grade perature notch energy

Pipe ...... 1 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. 3 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. Tube (carbon and low A–333 and 4 (A–333 only) ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. alloy steels). A–334 ...... 6 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. 7 ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. 8 ...... ¥320 °F ...... Refer to § 54.25–20 of this subchapter. Pipe (Austenitic stain- A–312 ...... All Grades ...... No limit ...... Austenitic stainless less steel). steel piping need be impact tested only when toughness tests are specified in subpart 54.25 of this subchapter for plating of the same alloy designation. When such toughness tests are required, the minimum average energy is 25 ft. lb. Wrought welding fittings WPL1 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. (carbon and low alloy A–420 ...... WPL3 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. steels). WPL4 ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. Forged or rolled LF1 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. flanges, forged fittings, valves A–350 1 ...... LF2 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. and pressure parts LF3 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. (carbon and low alloy LF4 ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. steels). Forged or rolled A–182 ...... Austenitic grades only No limit ...... These products need flanges, forged fit- (304, 304H, 304L, be impact tested only tings, valves and 310, 316, 316H, when toughness pressure parts (high 316L, 321, 321H, tests are specified in alloy steels). 347, 347H, 348, subpart 54.25 of this 348H). subchapter for plating of the same alloy designation. When such toughness tests are required, the minimum average energy is 25 ft. lb. Forged flanges, fittings, A–522 ...... 9% Ni ...... ¥320 °F ...... Refer to § 54.25–20 of and valves (9% nick- this subchapter. el). Castings for valves and LCB ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. pressure parts (car- A–3521 ...... LC1 ...... ¥50 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. bon and low alloy steels). LC2 ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. LC3 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. Castings for valves and A–351 ...... Austenitic grades CF3, No limit, except ¥325 No toughness testing pressure parts (high CF3A, CF8, CF8A, °F for grades CF8C required except for alloy steel). CF3M, CF8M, CF8C, and CK20. service temperatures CK20 only. colder than ¥425 °F for grades CF3, CF3A, CF8, CF8A, CF3M, and CF8M. 25 ft. lb.

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TABLE 56.50–105—ACCEPTABLE MATERIALS AND TOUGHNESS TEST CRITERIA 2—Continued

3 4 Minimum service tem- Minimum avg Charpy V Product form ASTM specification Grade perature notch energy

average must be attained in these tests. Bolting ...... A–320 ...... L7, L9, L10, L43 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. B8D, B8T, B8F, B8M ... ¥325 °F ...... No test required. 2B8, B8C ...... No limit ...... No test required, except for service temperatures colder than ¥425 °F. In such case the minimum average energy is 25 ft. lb. 4 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. Nuts, bolting ...... A–194 ...... 8T, 8F ...... ¥325 °F ...... No test required. 8, 8C ...... No limit ...... Same requirement as comparable grades (B8, B8C) of bolting listed above. 1 Quench and temper heat treatment may be permitted when specifically authorized by the Commandant. In those cases the minimum average Charpy V-notch energy shall be specially designated by the Commandant. 2 Other material specifications for product forms acceptable under part 54 for use at low temperatures may also be used for piping systems provided the applicable toughness requirements of this Table are also met. 3 Any repair method must be acceptable to the Commandant CG–ENG, and welding repairs as well as fabrication welding must be in accordance with part 57 of this chapter. 4 The acceptability of several alloys for low temperature service is not intended to suggest acceptable resistance to marine corrosion. The selection of alloys for any particular shipboard location must take corrosion resistance into account and be approved by the Marine Safety Center.

NOTE: The ASTM standards listed in table 56.50–105 are incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2.

[CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, 6190, Mar. 25, 1972; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 79–108, 43 FR 46545, Oct. 10, 1978; CGD 74– 289, 44 FR 26008, May 3, 1979; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40611, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24775, May 10, 1995; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65178, Oct. 31, 2008; USCG–2009–0702, 74 FR 49228, Sept. 25, 2009; USCG–2012–0832, 77 FR 59777, Oct. 1, 2012]

§ 56.50–110 Diving support systems. Subpart 56.60—Materials (a) In addition to the requirements of this part, piping for diving installa- § 56.60–1 Acceptable materials and specifications (replaces 123 and tions which is permanently installed Table 126.1 in ASME B31.1). on the vessel must meet the requirements of subpart B (Commercial Div- (a)(1) The material requirements in ing Operations) of part 197 of this chap- this subpart shall be followed in lieu of ter. those in 123 in ASME B31.1 (incor- (b) Piping for diving installations porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– which is not permanently installed on 2). the vessel need not meet the require- (2) Materials used in piping systems ments of this part, but must meet the must be selected from the specifica- requirements of subpart B of part 197 of tions that appear in Table 56.60–1(a) of this chapter. this section or 46 CFR 56.60–2, Table (c) Piping internal to a pressure ves- 56.60–2(a), or they may be selected from sel for human occupancy (PVHO) need the material specifications of sections not meet the requirements of this part, I or VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pres- but must meet the requirements of sure Vessel Code (both incorporated by subpart B of part 197 of this chapter. reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) if not prohibited by a regulation of this sub- [CGD 76–009, 43 FR 53683, Nov. 16, 1978] chapter dealing with the particular

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section of the ASME Boiler and Pres- in Table 56.60–1(b) of this section and sure Vessel Code. Table 56.60–1(a) of made of materials complying with this section contains only pipe, tubing, paragraph (a) this section may be used and fitting specifications. Determina- in piping systems within the limitation of acceptability of plate, forgings, tions of the standards and within any bolting, nuts, and castings may be further limitations specified in this made by reference to the ASME Boiler subchapter. and Pressure Vessel Code as previously NOTE: Table 56.60–1(a) replaces Table 126.1 described. Additionally, accepted mate- in ASME B31.1 and sets forth specifications rials for use as piping system compo- of pipes, tubing, and fittings intended for use nents appear in 46 CFR 56.60–2, Table in piping-systems. The first column lists ac- 56.60–2(a). Materials conforming to ceptable standards from ASTM (all incor- specifications not described in this sub- porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2); the paragraph must receive the specific ap- second lists those from ASME (all incor- proval of the Marine Safety Center be- porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). The fore being used. Materials listed in Coast Guard will consider use of alternative pipes, tubing, and fittings when it receives Table 126.1 of ASME B31.1 are not ac- certification of their mechanical properties. cepted unless specifically permitted by Without this certification it will restrict use this paragraph. of such alternatives to piping-systems inside (b) Components made in accordance heat exchangers that ensure containment of with the commercial standards listed the material inside pressure shells.

TABLE 56.60–1(a)—ADOPTED SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS

ASTM standards ASME standards Notes

Pipe, seamless: A 106 Carbon steel ...... ASME B31.1. A 335 Ferritic alloys ...... ASME B31.1. A 376 Austenitic alloys ...... ASME B31.1 ...... (1). Pipe, seamless and welded: A 53 Types S, F, and E steel pipe ...... ASME B31.1 ...... (234). A 312 Austenitic steel (welded with no ASME B31.1 ...... (14). filler metal). A 333 Low temperature steel pipe ...... Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Ves- (5). sel Code. Pipe, welded: A 134 Fusion welded steel plate pipe .. See footnote 7 ...... (7). A 135 ERW pipe ...... ASME B31.1 ...... (3). A 139 Grade B only, fusion welded ASME B31.1 ...... (8). steel pipe. A 358 Electric fusion welded pipe, high ASME B31.1 ...... (149). temperature, austenitic. Pipe, forged and bored: A 369 Ferritic alloy ...... ASME B31.1. Pipe, centrifugally cast: ...... (None applicable) ...... (19) Tube, seamless: A 179 Carbon steel heat exchanger UCS23, Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (11). and condenser tubes. sure Vessel Code. A 192 Carbon steel boiler tubes ...... PG23.1, Sec. I of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (10). sure Vessel Code. A 210 Medium carbon boiler tubes ...... PG23.1, Sec. I of the ASME Boiler and Pres- sure Vessel Code. A 213 Ferritic and austenitic boiler PG23.1, Sec. I of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (1). tubes. sure Vessel Code. Tube, seamless and welded: A 268 Seamless and ERW ferritic PG23.1, Sec. I of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (4). stainless tubing. sure Vessel Code. A 334 Seamless and welded (no UCS23, Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (45). added filler metal) carbon and low sure Vessel Code. alloy tubing for low temperature. Tube, welded: A 178 (Grades A and C only) ERW PG23.1, Sec. I of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (10 Grade A) (4). boiler tubes. sure Vessel Code. A 214 ERW heat exchanger and con- UCS27, Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pres- denser tubes. sure Vessel Code. A 226 ERW boiler and superheater PG23.1, Sec. I of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (410). tubes. sure Vessel Code. A 249 Welded austenitic boiler and PG23.1, Sec. I of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (14). heat exchanger tubes (no added sure Vessel Code. filler metal).

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TABLE 56.60–1(a)—ADOPTED SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS—Continued

ASTM standards ASME standards Notes

Wrought fittings (factory made): A 234 Carbon and ferritic alloys ...... Conforms to applicable American National (12). Standards (ASME B16.9 and ASME B16.11). A 403 Austenitic alloys ...... do ...... (12). A 420 Low temperature carbon and ...... do ...... (12). steel alloy. Castings,13 iron: A 47 Malleable iron...... Conform to applicable American National (14). Standards or refer to UCI–23 or UCD–23, Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. A 126 Gray iron ...... do ...... (14). A 197 Malleable iron ...... do ...... (14). A 395 Ductile iron ...... UCD–23, Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and (14). Pressure Vessel Code. A 536 Ductile iron ...... See footnote 20 ...... (20).

Nonferrous Materials 15

Pipe, seamless: B 42 Copper ...... UNF23, Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (16). sure Vessel Code. B 43 Red brass ...... do. B 241 Aluminum alloy ...... do. Pipe and tube, seamless: B 161 Nickel ...... do. B 165 Nickel-copper ...... do. B 167 Ni-Cr-Fe ...... do. B 315 Copper-silicon ...... do. Tube, seamless: B 68 Copper ...... See footnote 17 ...... (16 17 18). B 75 Copper ...... UNF23, Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pres- (16). sure Vessel Code. B 88 Copper ...... See footnote 17 ...... (16 17). B 111 Copper and copper alloy ...... UNF23, Sec. VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pres- sure Vessel Code. B 210 Aluminum alloy, drawn ...... do. B 234 Aluminum alloy, drawn ...... do. B 280 Copper tube for refrigeration See footnote 17 ...... (16 17). service. Welding fittings: B 361 Wrought aluminum welding fit- Shall meet ASME Standards. tings.

Minimum Longitudinal ASTM specification tensile joint efficiency P No. Allowable stresses (p.s.i.)

A 134: Grade 285A ...... 45,000 0.80 1 11,250 × 0,8 = 9,000. Grade 285B ...... 50,000 0.80 1 12,500 × 0,8 = 10,000. Grade 285C ...... 55,000 0.80 1 13,750 × 0,8 = 11,000. Note: When using 104.1.2 in ASME B31.1 to compute wall thickness, the stress shown here shall be applied as though taken from the stress tables. An additional factor of 0.8 may be required by § 56.07–10(c) and (e). 1 For austenitic materials where two sets of stresses appear, use the lower values. 2 Type F (Furnace welded, using open hearth, basic oxygen, or electric furnace only) limited to Class II applications with a maximum service temperature of 450 °F. Type E (ERW grade) limited to maximum service temperature of 650 °F, or less. 3 Electric resistance welded pipe or tubing of this specification may be used to a maximum design pressure of 350 pounds per square inch gage. 4 Refer to limitations on use of welded grades given in § 56.60–2(b). 5 Use generally considered for Classes I–L and II–L applications. For Class I–L service only, the seamless grade is permitted. For other service refer to footnote 4 and to § 56.50–105. 6 Furnace lap or furnace butt grades only. Limited to Class II applications only where the maximum service temperature is 450 °F, or less. 7 Limited to Grades 285A, 285B, and 285C only (straight and spiral seam). Limited to Class II applications only where maximum service temperature is 300 °F or less for straight seam, and 200 °F or less for spiral seam. 8 Limited to Class II applications where the maximum service temperature is 300 °F or less for straight seam and 200 °F or less for spiral seam. 9 For Class I applications only the Class I Grade of the specification may be used. 10 When used in piping systems, a certificate shall be furnished by the manufacturer certifying that the mechanical properties at room temperature specified in ASTM A 520 (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) have been met. Without this certification, use is limited to applications within heat exchangers. 11 When used in piping systems, a certificate shall be furnished by the manufacturer certifying that the mechanical properties for A192 in ASTM A 520 have been met. Without this certification, use is limited to applications within heat exchangers. 12 Hydrostatic testing of these fittings is not required but all fittings shall be capable of withstanding without failure, leakage, or impairment of serviceability, a hydrostatic test of 11⁄2 times the designated rating pressure.

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13 Other acceptable iron castings are in UCI–23 and UCD–23 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. (See also §§ 56.60–10 and 56.60–15.) Acceptable castings of materials other than cast iron may be found in sections I or VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. 14 Acceptable when complying with American National Standards Institute standards. Ductile iron is acceptable for temperatures not exceeding 650 °F. For pressure temperature limitations refer to UCD–3 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Other grades of cast iron are acceptable for temperatures not exceeding 450 °F. For pressure temperature limitations refer to UCI–3 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. 15 For limitations in use refer to §§ 56.10–5(c) and 56.60–20. 16 Copper pipe must not be used for hot oil systems except for short flexible connections at burners. Copper pipe must be annealed before installation in Class I piping systems. See also §§ 56.10–5(c) and 56.60–20. 17 The stress values shall be taken from UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for B75 annealed and light drawn temper as appropriate. 18 B68 shall be acceptable if provided with a mill hydrostatic or eddy current test. 19 Centrifugally cast pipe must be specifically approved by the Marine Safety Center. 20 Limited to pipe fittings and valves. See 46 CFR 56.60–15(d) for additional information.

TABLE 56.60–1(b)—ADOPTED STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO PIPING SYSTEMS (REPLACES TABLE 126.1)

American National Standards Institute (all incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2)

ANSI/ASME B1.1 ...... 1982 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form). ANSI/ASME B1.20.1 ...... 1983 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch). ANSI/ASME B1.20.3 ...... 1976 (Reaffirmed 1982) Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch). ANSI/ASME B16.15 ...... 1985 [Reaffirmed 1994] Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings, Classes 125 and 250.

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) International (all incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2)

ASME B16.1 ...... 1998 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Class- es 25, 125, 250. ASME B16.3 ...... 1998 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings, Classes 150 and 300. ASME B16.4 ...... 1998 Gray Iron Threaded Fittings, Classes 125 and 250. ASME B16.5 ...... 2003 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS 1⁄2 Through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard.3 ASME B16.9 ...... 2003 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings. ASME B16.10 ...... 2000 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Valves. ASME B16.11 ...... 2001 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded. ASME B16.14 ...... 1991 Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuts with Pipe Threads. ASME B16.18 ...... 2001 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings.4 ASME B16.20 ...... 1998 (Revision of ASME B16.20 1993) Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges: Ring-Joint, Spiral-Wound, and Jack- eted. ASME B16.21 ...... 2005 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges. ASME B16.22 ...... 2001 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings.4 ASME B16.23 ...... 2002 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings: DWV.4 ASME B16.24 ...... 2001 Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fit- tings: Class 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500.3 ASME B16.25 ...... 2003 Buttwelding Ends. ASME B16.28 ...... 1994 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns.4 ASME B16.29 ...... 2007 Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings-DWV.4 ASME B16.34 ...... 1996 Valves—Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End.3 ASME B16.42 ...... 1998 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and 300. ASME B18.2.1 ...... 1996 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws (Inch Series). ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 ...... 1987 Square and Hex Nuts (Inch Series).

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TABLE 56.60–1(b)—ADOPTED STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO PIPING SYSTEMS (REPLACES TABLE 126.1)—Continued ASME B31.1 ...... 2001 Power Piping ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31. ASME B36.10M ...... 2004 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe. ASME B36.19M ...... 2004 Stainless Steel Pipe.

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) (all incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2)

ASTM F 682 ...... Standard Specification for Wrought Carbon Steel Sleeve- Type Pipe Couplings. ASTM F 1006 ...... Standard Specification for Entrainment Separators for Use in Marine Piping Applications.4 ASTM F 1007 ...... Standard Specification for Pipe-Line Expansion Joints of the Packed Slip Type for Marine Application. ASTM F 1020 ...... Standard Specification for Line-Blind Valves for Marine Applications. ASTM F 1120 ...... Standard Specification for Circular Metallic Bellows Type Expansion Joints for Piping Applications.4 ASTM F 1123 ...... Standard Specification for Non-Metallic Expansion Joints. ASTM F 1139 ...... Standard Specification for Steam Traps and Drains. ASTM F 1172 ...... Standard Specification for Fuel Oil Meters of the Volu- metric Positive Displacement Type. ASTM F 1173 ...... Standard Specification for Thermosetting Resin Fiberglass Pipe and Fittings to be Used for Marine Applications. ASTM F 1199...... Standard Specification for Cast (All Temperature and Pressures) and Welded Pipe Line Strainers (150 psig and 150 Degrees F Maximum). ASTM F 1200 ...... Standard Specification for Fabricated (Welded) Pipe Line Strainers (Above 150 psig and 150 Degrees F.) ASTM F 1201 ...... Standard Specification for Fluid Conditioner Fittings in Pip- ing Applications above 0 Degrees F.

Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association Inc. (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– 2)

Standards of the Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association, 1980

Fluid Controls Institute Inc. (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2)

FCI 69–1 ...... Pressure Rating Standard for Steam Traps.

Manufacturers’ Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. (all incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) 4

SP–6 ...... Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings. SP–9 ...... Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron and Steel Flanges. SP–25 ...... Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions. SP–44 ...... Steel Pipe Line Flanges.4 SP–45 ...... Bypass and Drain Connection Standard. SP–51 ...... Class 150LW Corrosion Resistant Cast Flanges and Flanged Fittings.4 SP–53 ...... Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping Compo- nents—Magnetic Particle Examination Method.

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TABLE 56.60–1(b)—ADOPTED STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO PIPING SYSTEMS (REPLACES TABLE 126.1)—Continued SP–55 ...... Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping Components—Visual Method. SP–58 ...... Pipe Hangers and Supports—Materials, Design and Man- ufacture. SP–61 ...... Pressure Testing of Steel Valves. SP–67 ...... Butterfly Valves.24 SP–69 ...... Pipe Hangers and Supports—Selection and Application. SP–72 ...... Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends for Gen- eral Service.4 SP–73 ...... Brazing Joints for Copper and Copper Pressure Fittings. SP–83 ...... Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded. 1 [Reserved] 2 In addition, for bronze valves, adequacy of body shell thickness shall be satisfactory to the Marine Safety Center. Refer to § 56.60–10 of this part for cast-iron valves. 3 Mill or manufacturer’s certification is not required, except where a needed portion of the required marking is deleted because of size or is absent because of age of existing stocks. 4 Because this standard offers the option of several materials, some of which are not generally acceptable to the Coast Guard, compliance with the standard does not necessarily indicate compliance with these rules. The marking on the component or the manufacturer or mill certificate must indicate the specification or grade of the materials as necessary to fully identify the materials. The materials must comply with the requirements in this subchapter governing the particular application.

[USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65179, Oct. 31, 2008] the following applies to the material as furnished prior to any fabrication: § 56.60–2 Limitations on materials. (i) For use in service above 800 °F. Welded pipe and tubing. The following full welding procedure qualifications restrictions apply to the use of welded by the Coast Guard are required. See pipe and tubing specifications when part 57 of this subchapter. utilized in piping systems, and not (ii) Ultrasonic examination as re- when utilized in heat exchanger, boiler, quired by item S–6 in ASTM A 376 (in- pressure vessel, or similar components: corporated by reference; see 46 CFR (a) Longitudinal joint. Wherever pos- 56.01–2) shall be certified as having sible, the longitudinal joint of a welded been met in all applications except pipe shall not be pierced with holes for where 100 percent radiography is a re- branch connections or other purposes. quirement of the particular material (b) Class II. Use unlimited except as specification. restricted by maximum temperature or (2) For those specifications in which pressure specified in Table 56.60–1(a) or no filler material is used in the welding by the requirements contained in process, the ultrasonic examination as § 56.10–5(b) of this chapter. required by item S–6 in ASTM A–376 (c) Class I. (1) For those specifica- shall be certified as having been met tions in which a filler metal is used, for service above 800 °F.

TABLE 56.60–2(a)—ADOPTED SPECIFICATIONS NOT LISTED IN THE ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE *

ASTM specifications Source of allowable stress Notes

Ferrous Materials 1

Bar stock: A 276 ...... See footnote 4 ...... (4). (Grades 304–A, 304L–A, 310–A, 316– A, 316L–A, 321–A, 347–A, and 348– A). A 575 and A 576. (Grades 1010–1030) ...... See footnote 2 ...... (23).

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TABLE 56.60–2(a)—ADOPTED SPECIFICATIONS NOT LISTED IN THE ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE *—Continued

ASTM specifications Source of allowable stress Notes

Nonferrous Materials

Bar stock: B 16 (soft and half hard tempers) ...... See footnote 5 ...... (57). B 21 (alloys A, B, and C) ...... See footnote 8 ...... (8). B 124: Alloy 377 ...... See footnotes 5 and 9 ...... (59). Alloy 464 ...... See footnote 8 ...... (810). Alloy 655 ...... See footnote 11 ...... (11). Alloy 642 ...... See footnote 12 ...... (712). Alloy 630 ...... See footnote 13 ...... (713). Alloy 485 ...... See footnote 8 ...... (810). Forgings: B 283 (forging brass) ...... See footnotes 5 and 9 ...... (59). Castings: B 26 ...... See footnotes 5, 14, and 15 ...... (51415). B 85 ...... See footnotes 5, 14, and 15 ...... (51415).

*NOTE: Table 56.60–2(a) is a listing of adopted bar stock and nonferrous forging and casting specifications not listed in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Particular attention should be given to the supplementary testing requirements and service limitations contained in the footnotes. All ASTM standards referred to in Table 56.60–2(a) and its footnotes are incorporated by reference (see 46 CFR 56.01–2). 1 For limitations in use refer to 46 CFR 56.60–5. 2 Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UCS23 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) for SA–675 material of equivalent tensile strength. 3 Physical testing shall be performed as for material manufactured to ASME SA–675 (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 56.01–2), except that the bend test shall not be required. 4 Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UCS23 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for the corresponding SA–182 material. 5 Limited to air and hydraulic service with a maximum design temperature of 150 °F. The material must not be used for salt water service or other fluids that may cause dezincification or stress corrosion cracking. 6 [Reserved] 7 An ammonia vapor test, in accordance with ASTM B 858M–95 shall be performed on a representative model of each finished product design. 8 Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for SB–171, naval brass. 9 An ammonia vapor test, in accordance with ASTM B 858M, shall be performed on a representative model for each finished product design. Tension tests shall be performed to determine tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Minimum values shall be those listed in Table 3 of ASTM B 283. 10 Physical testing, including mercurous nitrate test, shall be performed as for material manufactured to ASTM B 21. 11 Physical testing shall be performed as for material manufactured to ASTM B 96. Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for SB–96 and shall be limited to a maximum allowable temperature of 212 °F. 12 Physical testing shall be performed as for material manufactured to ASTM B 171, alloy D. Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for SB–171, aluminum bronze D. 13 Physical testing shall be performed as for material manufactured to ASTM B 171, alloy E. Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for SB–171, aluminum bronze, alloy E. 14 Tension tests shall be performed to determine tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Minimum values shall be those listed in table X–2 of ASTM B 85. 15 Those alloys with a maximum copper content of 0.6 percent or less shall be acceptable under this specification. Cast aluminum shall not be welded or brazed.

[CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (b) (Reproduces 124.2.C) Carbon or amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, alloy steel having carbon content of 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14233, July 18, 1972; more than 0.35 percent shall not be CGD 73–248, 39 FR 30839, Aug. 26, 1974; CGD used in welded construction, nor be 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, shaped by oxygen-cutting process or 54 FR 40612, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995; CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, other thermal-cutting process. May 23, 1996; CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975, as 30, 1997; USCG–1998–4442, 63 FR 52190, Sept. 30, amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65183, 1998; USCG–1999–5151, 64 FR 67180, Dec. 1, 1999; Oct. 31, 2008] USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65182, Oct. 31, 2008] § 56.60–5 Steel (High temperature ap- § 56.60–3 Ferrous materials. plications). (a) Ferrous pipe used for salt water (a) (Reproduces 124.2.A.) Upon pro- service must be protected against cor- longed exposure to temperatures above rosion by hotdip galvanizing or by the 775 °F (412 °C), the carbide phase of use of extra heavy schedule material. plain carbon steel, plain nickel-alloy

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steel, carbon-manganese-alloy steel, flame, or any parts operating at tem- manganese-vanadium-alloy steel, and peratures above 500 °F. Cast iron shall carbon-silicon steel may convert to not be used for hull fittings, or in sys- graphite. tems conducting lethal products. (b) (Reproduces 124.2.B.) Upon pro- (c) Malleable iron and cast iron longed exposure to temperatures above valves and fittings, designed and ° ° 875 F (468 C), the carbide phase of marked for Class 300 refrigeration serv- alloy steels, such as carbon-molyb- ice, may be used for such service pro- denum, manganese-molybdenum-vana- vided the pressure limitation of 300 dium, manganese-chromium-vanadium, pounds per square inch is not exceeded. and chromium-vanadium, may convert Malleable iron flanges of this class to graphite. may also be used in sizes 4 inches and (c) [Reserved] (d) The design temperature of a pip- smaller (oval and square design). ing system employing one or more of [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as the materials listed in paragraphs (a), amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, (b), and (c) of this section shall not ex- 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; ceed the lowest graphitization tem- CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40612, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95– perature specified for materials used. 027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, 1996; USCG–2003– 16630, 73 FR 65183, Oct. 31, 2008] [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, § 56.60–15 Ductile iron. 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14233, July 18, 1972; CGD 73–248, 39 FR 30839, Aug. 26, 1974; CGD (a) Ductile cast iron components 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; USCG–2003– made of material conforming to ASTM 16630, 73 FR 65183, Oct. 31, 2008] A 395 (incorporated by reference, see 46 CFR 56.01–2) may be used within the § 56.60–10 Cast iron and malleable iron. service restrictions and pressure-temperature limitations of UCD–3 of sec- (a) The low ductility of cast iron and tion VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pres- malleable iron should be recognized sure Vessel Code (incorporated by ref- and the use of these metals where erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). shock loading may occur should be avoided. Cast iron and malleable iron (b) Ductile iron castings conforming components shall not be used at tem- to ASTM A 395 (incorporated by ref- peratures above 450 °F. Cast iron and erence, see § 56.01–2) may be used in hy- malleable iron fittings conforming to draulic systems at pressures in excess the specifications of 46 CFR 56.60–1, of 7500 kilopascals (1000 pounds per Table 56.60–1(a) may be used at pres- square inch) gage, provided the fol- sures not exceeding the limits of the lowing: applicable standards shown in that (1) The castings receive a ferritizing table at temperatures not exceeding 450 anneal when the as-cast thickness does °F. Valves of either of these materials not exceed one inch; may be used if they conform to the (2) Large castings for components, standards for class 125 and class 250 such as hydraulic cylinders, are exam- flanges and flanged fittings in ASME ined as specified for a casting quality B16.1 (incorporated by reference; see 46 factor of 90 percent in accordance with CFR 56.01–2) and if their service does UG–24 of section VIII of the ASME not exceed the rating as marked on the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code; and valve. (3) The castings are not welded, (b) Cast iron and malleable iron shall brazed, plugged, or otherwise repaired. not be used for valves or fittings in lines carrying flammable or combus- (c) After machining, ductile iron tible fluids 1 which are directly con- castings must be hydrostatically tested nected to, or in the proximity of, to twice their maximum allowable equipment or other lines having open working pressure and must show no leaks. (d) Ductile iron castings exhibiting 1 For definitions of flammable or combustible fluids, see §§ 30.10–15 and 30.10–22 of sub- less than 12 percent elongation in 50 chapter D (Tank Vessels) of this chapter. millimeters (2 inches) when subjected

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to a tensile test must meet the require- (1) Plastic pipe and associated fit- ments for cast iron in this part. tings must be approved to approval se- [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40612, Oct. 2, 1989, as ries 164.141 as follows: amended by CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, (i) All piping, except pipe used on 1996; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, open decks, in cofferdams, void spaces, 2000; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65183, Oct. 31, or ducts, must meet the flame spread 2008] requirements of Appendix 3 of IMO Res- olution A.753(18). § 56.60–20 Nonferrous materials. (ii) Where fire endurance is required Nonferrous materials listed in this in Appendix 4 of IMO Resolution subpart may be used in piping systems A.753(18) the pipe must, at a minimum, under the following conditions (see also be approved as meeting the fire endur- § 56.10–5(c)): ance level required in Appendix 4. Rat- (a) The low melting points of many ings of ‘‘0’’ in Appendix 4 indicate that nonferrous metals and alloys, such as no fire endurance test is required. Rat- aluminum and aluminum alloys, must be recognized. These types of heat sen- ings of ‘‘N/A’’ or ‘‘X’’ indicate that sitive materials must not be used to plastic pipe is not permitted. conduct flammable, combustible, or (iii) Piping in accommodation, serv- dangerous fluids, or for vital systems ice and control spaces must be ap- unless approved by the Marine Safety proved for use in those spaces. Center. (2) Plastic pipe that has not been approved for use in accommodation, serv- NOTE: For definitions of flammable or combustible fluids, see §§ 30.10–15 and 30.10–22 or ice and control spaces is permitted in a parts 151–154 of this chapter. Dangerous concealed space in an accommodation, fluids are those covered by regulations in service or control space, such as behind part 98 of this chapter. ceilings or linings or between double (b) The possibility of galvanic corro- bulkheads if: sion due to the relative solution poten- (i) The piping is enclosed in a trunk tials of copper and aluminum and their or duct constructed of ‘‘A’’ class divi- alloys should be considered when used sions; or in conjunction with each other or with (ii) An approved smoke detection sys- steel or with other metals and their al- tem is fitted in the concealed space and loys when an electrolyte is present. each penetration of a bulkhead or deck (c) A suitable thread compound must and each installation of a draft stop is be used in making up threaded joints in made in accordance with IMO Resolu- aluminum pipe to prevent seizing tion A.753(18) and IMO Resolution which might cause leakage and perhaps MSC.313(88) to maintain the integrity prevent disassembly. Pipe in the an- of fire divisions. nealed temper should not be threaded. (3) Requests for the use of plastic (d) The corrosion resistance of copper pipe for non-vital systems, as defined bearing aluminum alloys in a marine in 46 CFR 56.07–5, containing non-flam- atmosphere is poor and alloys with mable or non-combustible liquids in lo- copper contents exceeding 0.6 percent cations that do not require fire endur- should not be used. Refer to Table 56.60–2(a) of this part for further guid- ance testing, as indicated in Appendix 4 ance. of IMO Resolution A.753(18), must be submitted to the Marine Safety Center [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as for review. The proposed piping must amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40612, Oct. 2, meet the following requirements: 1989; CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, 1996] (i) The length of pipe must be 30 § 56.60–25 Nonmetallic materials. inches or less; (a) Plastic pipe installations must be (ii) The pipe must be contained within accordance with IMO Resolution in the space and does not penetrate any A.753(18) and IMO Resolution bulkhead, overhead or deck; and MSC.313(88) (both incorporated by ref- (iii) Material specifications must be erence, see § 56.01–2) and the following provided with the installation pro- supplemental requirements. posal.

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(4) Pipe that is to be used for potable its of paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of water must bear the appropriate cer- this section. Unreinforced hoses are tification mark of a nationally-recog- limited to a maximum service pressure nized, ANSI-accredited third-party cer- of 345 kPa (50 psi); reinforced hoses are tification laboratory. Plastic pipe fit- limited to a maximum service pressure ting and bonding techniques must fol- of 1,034 kPa (150 psi). low the manufacturer’s installation (4) Nonmetallic flexible hose may be guidelines. Bonders must hold certifi- used in lube oil, fuel oil and fluid power cations required by the manufacturer’s systems only where flexibility is re- guidelines and provide documentation quired and in lengths not exceeding 30 of current certification to the Marine inches. Inspector when requested. (5) Nonmetallic flexible hose must (5) Systems identified by § 56.97– have factory-assembled end fittings re- 40(a)(1) through (c) that contain plastic quiring no further adjustment or field piping must be tested to 1.5 MAWP as attachable fittings. Hose end fittings required by § 56.97–40(a). must comply with SAE J1475 (incor- (6) Plastic pipe used outboard of the porated by reference, see § 56.01–2). required metallic shell valve in any Field attachable fittings must be in- piping system penetrating the vessel’s stalled following the manufacturer’s shell (see § 56.50–95(f)) must have the recommended practice. If special equip- same fire endurance as the metallic ment is required, such as crimping ma- shell valve. Where the shell valve and chines, it must be of the type and de- the plastic pipe are in the same un- sign specified by the manufacturer. A manned space, the valve must be oper- hydrostatic test of each hose assembly able from above the freeboard deck. must be conducted in accordance with (7) Pipe that is to be used for potable § 56.97–5. water must bear the appropriate cer- (6) The fire-test procedures of ISO tification mark of a nationally-recog- 15540 (incorporated by reference; see 46 nized, ANSI-accredited, third-party CFR 56.01–2) are an acceptable alter- certification laboratory. (8) Plastic pipe must also comply native to those procedures of SAE with appropriate requirements for spe- J1942. All other tests of SAE J1942 are cific uses and arrangements of pipe still required. given elsewhere in this part. (c) Plastic valves, fittings, and (b) Nonmetallic flexible hose. (1) Non- flanges may be used in systems em- metallic flexible hose must be in ac- ploying plastic pipe. Such valves, fit- cordance with SAE J1942 (incorporated tings, and flanges must be designed, by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) and fabricated, tested, and installed so as may be installed only in vital and to satisfy the intent of the require- nonvital fresh and salt water systems, ments for plastic pipe contained in this nonvital pneumatic systems, lube oil section. and fuel systems, and fluid power sys- (d) If it is desired to use nonmetallic tems. materials other than those specified in (2) Nonmetallic flexible hose may be this section, a request furnishing the used in vital fresh and salt water sys- chemical and physical properties of the tems at a maximum service pressure of material must be submitted to the 1,034 kPa (150 psi). Nonmetallic flexible Commandant for consideration. hose may be used in lengths not ex- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ceeding 76 cm (30 inches) where flexi- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, bility is required, subject to the limits 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14234, July 18, 1972; in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77– section. Nonmetallic flexible hose may 140, 54 FR 40613, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 88–032, 56 be used for plastic pipe in duplicate in- FR 35822, July 29, 1991; CGD 83–043, 60 FR stallations in accordance with this 24775, May 10, 1995; CGD 95–072, 60 FR 50462, paragraph (b). Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96–041, 61 FR 50728, Sept. 27, 1996; CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, (3) Nonmetallic flexible hose may be 1997; USCG–2002–13058, 67 FR 61278, Sept. 30, used for plastic pipe in non-vital fresh 2002; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65183, Oct. 31, and salt water systems and non-vital 2008; USCG–2012–0196, 81 FR 48251, July 22, pneumatic systems, subject to the lim- 2016]

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Subpart 56.65—Fabrication, and one or two of the three members Assembly and Erection are ferritic and the other member or members are austenitic, the satisfac- § 56.65–1 General (replaces 127 tory use of such materials shall be de- through 135). termined by procedure qualifications. The requirements for fabrication, as- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as sembly and erection in subparts 56.70 amended by CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, through 56.90 shall apply in lieu of 127 1975; USCG–2002–13058, 67 FR 61278, Sept. 30, through 135.4 of ASME B31.1 (incor- 2002; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, Oct. 31, porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– 2008] 2). Those paragraphs reproduced are so § 56.70–10 Preparation (modifies 127.3). noted. (a) Butt welds (reproduces 127.3)—(1) [USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, Oct. 31, 2008] End preparation. (i) Oxygen or arc cutting is acceptable only if the cut is rea- § 56.70–1 General. sonably smooth and true, and all slag (a) The following generally applies to is cleaned from the flame cut surfaces. all types of welding, such as stud weld- Discoloration which may remain on ing, casting repair welding and all the flame cut surface is not considered processes of fabrication welding. Where to be detrimental oxidation. the detailed requirements are not ap- (ii) Butt-welding end preparation di- propriate to a particular process, alter- mensions contained in ASME B16.25 natives must be approved by the Ma- (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR rine Safety Center. 56.01–2) or any other end preparation [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40614, Oct. 2, 1989] that meets the procedure qualification requirements are acceptable. § 56.70–3 Limitations. (iii) If piping component ends are Backing rings. Backing strips used at bored, such boring shall not result in longitudinal welded joints must be re- the finished wall thickness after weld- moved. ing being less than the minimum design thickness. Where necessary, weld [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975] metal of the appropriate analysis may be deposited on the inside or outside of § 56.70–5 Material. the piping component to provide suffi- (a) Filler metal. All filler metal, in- cient material for machining to insure cluding consumable insert material, satisfactory fitting of rings. must comply with the requirements of (iv) If the piping component ends are section IX of the ASME Boiler and upset they may be bored to allow for a Pressure Vessel Code (incorporated by completely recessed backing ring, pro- reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) and 46 vided the remaining net thickness of CFR 57.02–5. the finished ends is not less than the (b) Backing rings. When metallic minimum design thickness. backing rings are used they shall be (2) Cleaning. Surfaces for welding made from material of weldable qual- shall be clean and shall be free from ity compatible with the base metal, paint, oil, rust, scale, or other material whether subsequently removed or not. which is detrimental to welding. When nonmetallic backing rings are (3) Alignment. The inside diameters of used they shall be of material which piping components to be joined must be does not deleteriously affect either aligned as accurately as practicable base or weld metal, and shall be re- within existing commercial tolerances moved after welding is completed. on diameters, wall thicknesses, and out Backing rings may be of the of roundness. Alignment must be pre- consumable insert type, removable ce- served during welding. Where ends are ramic type, of solid or split band type. to be joined and the internal misalign- A ferrous backing ring which becomes ment exceeds 1⁄16-inch, it is preferred a permanent part of the weld shall not that the component with the wall ex- exceed 0.05 percent sulphur. If two tending internally be internally abutting surfaces are to be welded to a trimmed (see Fig. 127.3) so that adjoin- third member used as a backing ring ing internal surfaces are approximately

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flush. However, this trimming must welded butt joints or equivalent single not reduce a piping component wall welded butt joints for pipe diameters thickness below the minimum design exceeding three-fourth inch nominal thickness and the change in the con- pipe size. The use of a single welded tour may not exceed 30°. butt joint employing a backing ring (4) Spacing. The root opening of the (note restrictions in paragraph joint shall be as given in the procedure (b)(3)(iv) of this section) on the inside specification. of the pipe is an acceptable equivalent (b) Fillet welds (modifies 127.4.4). In for Class I and Class II-L applications, making fillet welds, the weld metal but not permitted for Class I-L applica- must be deposited in such a way as to tions. Single welded butt joints em- obtain adequate penetration into the ploying either an inert gas for first base metal at the root of the weld. Pip- pass backup or a consumable insert ing components that are to be joined ring may be considered the equivalent utilizing fillet welds must be prepared of a double welded butt joint for all in accordance with applicable provi- classes of piping and is preferable for sions and requirements of this section. Class I-L and II-L systems where dou- For typical details, see Figures 127.4.4A ble butt welds cannot be used. Appro- and 127.4.4C of ASME B31.1 (incor- priate welding procedure qualification porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– tests shall be conducted as specified in 2) and 46 CFR 56.30–10(b). See 46 CFR part 57 of this subchapter. A first pass 56.30–5(d) for additional requirements. inert gas backup is intended to mean [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as that the inside of the pipe is purged amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, with inert gas and that the root is 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; welded with the inert gas metal arc CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40614, Oct. 2, 1989; USCG– (mig) or inert gas tungsten arc (tig) 2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, Oct. 31, 2008] processes. Classes I, I-L, and II-L piping are required to have the inside of § 56.70–15 Procedure. the pipe machined for good fit up if the (a) General. (1) Qualification of the misalignment exceeds that specified in welding procedures to be used, and of § 56.70–10(a)(3). In the case of Class II the performance of welders and opera- piping the machining of the inside of tors, is required, and shall comply with the pipe may be omitted. For single the requirements of part 57 of this sub- welded joints, where possible, the in- chapter. side of the joint shall be examined vis- (2) No welding shall be done if there ually to assure full penetration. Radio- is direct impingement of rain, snow, graphic examination of at least 20 per- sleet, or high wind on the piping com- cent of single welded joints to check ponent weldment. for penetration is required for all Class (3) Sections of pipe shall be welded I and Class I-L systems regardless of insofar as possible in the fabricating size following the requirements of shop. Prior to welding Class I piping or § 56.95–10. Ultrasonic testing may be low temperature piping, the fabricator utilized in lieu of radiographic exam- shall request a marine inspector to ination if the procedures are approved. visit his plant to examine his fabri- (3) For Class II piping, the type of cating equipment and to witness the joints shall be similar to Class I piping, qualification tests required by part 57 with the following exceptions: of this subchapter. One test specimen (i) Single-welded butt joints may be shall be prepared for each process and employed without the use of backing welding position to be employed in the rings in all sizes provided that the weld fabrication. is chipped or ground flush on the root (b) Girth butt welds. (1) Girth butt side of the weld. welds must be complete penetration (ii) For services such as vents, over- welds and may be made with a single flows, and gravity drains, the backing vee, double vee, or other suitable type ring may be eliminated and the root of of groove, with or without backing the weld need not be ground. rings or consumable inserts. (iii) Square-groove welds without (2) Girth butt welds in Class I, I-L, edge preparation may be employed for and II-L piping systems shall be double butt joints in vents, overflows, and

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gravity drains where the pipe wall (iv) If the surface of the weld requires thickness does not exceed three-six- grinding to meet the above criteria, teenth inch. care must be taken to avoid reducing (iv) The crimped or forged backing the weld or base material below the ring with continuous projection around minimum required thickness. the outside of the ring is acceptable (7) The type and extent of examina- only for Class II piping. The projection tion required for girth butt welds is must be completely fused. specified in § 56.95–10. (4) Tack welds which become part of (8) Sections of welds that are shown the finished weld, shall be made by a by radiography or other examination qualified welder. Tack welds made by to have any of the following type of im- an unqualified welder shall be removed. perfections shall be judged unaccept- Tack welds which are not removed able and shall be repaired as provided shall be made with an electrode which in paragraph (f) of this section: is the same as or equivalent to the (i) Any type of crack or zone of in- electrode to be used for the first pass. complete fusion or penetration. Their stopping and starting ends must (ii) Any slag inclusion or porosity be properly prepared by grinding or greater in extent than those specified other suitable means so that they may as acceptable set forth in PW–51 of sec- be satisfactorily incorporated into the tion I of the ASME Boiler and Pressure final weld. Tack welds which have Vessel Code (incorporated by reference; cracked shall be removed. see 46 CFR 56.01–2). (5) When components of different out- (iii) Undercuts in the external sur- side diameters are welded together, the faces of butt welds which are more weld joint must be filled to the outside than 1⁄32-inch deep. surface of the component having the (iv) Concavity on the root side of full larger diameter. There must be a grad- penetration girth butt welds where the ual transition, not exceeding a slope of resulting weld thickness is less than 1:3, in the weld between the two sur- the minimum pipe wall thickness re- faces. To avoid unnecessary weld de- quired by this subchapter. Weld rein- posit, the outside surface of the compo- forcement up to a maximum of 1⁄32-inch nent having the larger diameter must thickness may be considered as pipe be tapered at an angle not to exceed 30 wall thickness in such cases. degrees with the axis of the pipe. (See (c) Longitudinal butt welds. Longitu- Fig. 127.4.2 of ASME B31.1 (incor- dinal butt welds in piping components porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– not made in accordance with the stand- 2).) ards and specifications listed in 56.60–1 (6) As-welded surfaces are permitted; (a) and (b) must meet the requirements however, the surface of the welds must of paragraph 104.7 of ASME B31.1 (in- be sufficiently free from coarse ripple, corporated by reference; see 46 CFR grooves, overlaps, abrupt ridges and 56.01–2) and may be examined non- valleys to meet the following: destructively by an acceptable method. (i) The surface condition of the fin- Imperfections shall not exceed the lim- ished welds must be suitable for the its established for girth butt welds ex- proper interpretation of radiographic cept that no undercutting shall be per- and other nondestructive examinations mitted in longitudinal butt welds. See when nondestructive examinations are also § 56.60–2(b). required by § 56.95–10. In those cases (d) Fillet welds. (1) Fillet welds may where there is a question regarding the vary from convex to concave. The size surface condition on the interpretation of a fillet weld is determined as shown of a radiographic film, the film must be in Figure 127.4.4A in ASME B31.1. Fillet compared to the actual weld surface for weld details for socket-welding compo- interpretation and determination of ac- nents must meet § 56.30–5(c) of this ceptability. part. Fillet weld details for flanges (ii) Reinforcements are permitted in must meet § 56.30–10(c) of this part. Fil- accordance with Table 56.70–15. let weld details for flanges must meet (iii) Undercuts must not exceed 1⁄32- § 56.30–10 of this part. inch and must not encroach on the (2) The limitations on cracks and un- minimum required section thickness. dercutting set forth in paragraph (b)(8)

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of this section for girth welds are also moved by a flame or arc-gouging, applicable to fillet welds. grinding, chipping, or machining. Re- (3) Class I piping not exceeding 3 pair welds must be made in accordance inches nominal pipe size and not sub- with the same procedures used for ject to full radiography by § 56.95–10 of original welds, or by another welding this part may be joined by sleeves process if it is a part of a qualified pro- fitted over pipe ends or by socket type cedure, recognizing that the cavity to joints. Where full radiography is re- be repaired may differ in contour and quired, only butt type joints may be dimensions from the original joint. The used. The inside diameter of the sleeve types, extent, and method of examina- must not exceed the outside diameter tion and limits of imperfections of re- of the pipe or tube by more than 0.080 pair welds shall be the same as for the inch. Fit between socket and pipe must original weld. conform to applicable standards for (2) Preheating may be required for socket weld fittings. Depth of insertion flame-gouging or arc-gouging certain of pipe or tube within the socket or alloy materials of the air hardening sleeve must not be less than three- type in order to prevent surface check- eighths inch. The fillet weld must be ing or cracking adjacent to the flame deposited in a minimum of two passes, or arc-gouged surface. unless specifically approved otherwise (g) Welded branch connections. (1) Fig- in a special procedure qualification. ure 127.4.8A, Figure 127.4.8B, and Figure Requirements for joints employing 127.4.8C of ASME B31.1 show typical de- socket weld and slip-on flanges are in tails of branch connections with and § 56.30–10 of this part. without added reinforcement. However, (4) Sleeve and socket type joints may no attempt has been made to show all be used in Class II piping systems with- acceptable types of construction and out restriction as to size of pipe or tub- the fact that a certain type of con- ing joined. Applicable standards must struction is illustrated does not indi- be followed on fit. The fillet welds cate that it is recommended over other must be deposited in a minimum of two types not illustrated. See also Figure passes, unless specifically approved 56.70–15(g) for additional pipe connec- otherwise in a special procedure quali- tions. fication. Requirements for joints em- (2) Figure 127.4.8D of ASME B31.1 ploying socket weld and slip-on flanges shows basic types of weld attachments are in § 56.30–10 of this part. used in the fabrication of branch con- (e) Seal welds (reproduces 127.4.5). (1) nections. The location and minimum Where seal welding of threaded joints size of these attachment welds shall is performed, threads shall be entirely conform to the requirements of this covered by the seal weld. Seal welding paragraph. Weld sizes shall be cal- shall be done by qualified welders. culated in accordance with 104.3.1 of (2) The limitation on cracks and un- ASME B31.1, but shall not be less than dercutting set forth in § 56.70–15(b)(8) the sizes shown in Figure 127.4.8D and for girth welds are also applicable to F of ASME B31.1. seal welds. (3) The notations and symbols used in (f) Weld defect repairs. (1) All defects this paragraph and in Figure 127.4.8D in welds requiring repair must be re- and F of ASME B31.1 are as follows:

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FIGURE 56.70–15(G)—ACCEPTABLE TYPES OF WELDED PIPE CONNECTIONS

tn = nominal thickness of branch wall less added reinforcement to the run, shall corrosion allowance, inches. be a fillet weld with a minimum throat 1 tc = the smaller of ⁄4 inch or 0.7tn. dimension of 0.5 t . t = nominal thickness of reinforcing ele- e e (ii) If the weld joining the added rein- ment (ring or saddle), inches (te = 0 if there is no added reinforcement). forcement to the branch is a fillet tmin = the smaller of tn or te. weld, the throat dimension shall not be t = dimension of partial penetration weld, w less than 0.7 tmin. The weld at the outer inches. edge joining the outer reinforcement to (4) Branch connections (including the run shall also be a fillet weld with specially made, integrally reinforced a minimum throat dimension of 0.5 te. branch connection fittings) that abut (6) When rings or saddles are used, a the outside surface of the run wall, or vent hole shall be provided (at the side that are inserted through an opening and not at the crotch) in the ring or cut in the run wall, shall have opening saddle to reveal leakage in the weld be- and branch contour to provide a good tween branch and main run and to pro- fit and shall be attached by means of vide venting during welding and heat full penetration groove welds except as treating operations. Rings or saddles otherwise permitted in paragraph (g)(7) may be made in more than one piece if of this section. The full penetration the joints between the pieces have groove welds shall be finished with strength equivalent to ring or saddle cover fillet welds having a minimum parent metal and if each piece is pro- throat dimension not less than 2t . The c vided with a vent hole. A good fit shall limitation as to imperfection of these be provided between reinforcing rings groove welds shall be as set forth in or saddles and the parts to which they 127.4.2(C) of ASME B31.1 for girth welds. are attached. (5) In branch connections having re- (7) Branch connections 2 in. NPS and inforcement pads or saddles, the rein- smaller that do not require reinforce- forcement shall be attached by welds ment may be constructed as shown in at the outer edge and at the branch pe- Fig. 127.4.8F of ASME B31.1. This con- riphery as follows: struction is limited to use in Class I (i) If the weld joining the added rein- and II piping systems at a maximum forcement to the branch is a full pene- design temperature of 750 °F. or a max- tration groove weld, it shall be finished imum pressure of 1025 psi. with a cover fillet weld having a min- (h) Heat treatment. Heat treatment for imum throat dimension not less than tc welds shall be in accordance with sub- the weld at the outer edge, joining the part 56.85.

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TABLE 56.70–15—REINFORCEMENT OF GIRTH AND LONGITUDINAL BUTT WELDS

Maximum thickness (in inches) of reinforcement for design temperature Thickness (in inches) of base metal 0 °F and Below 0 °F ° or above 350 to 750 above but ° °F less than 750 F 350 °F

Up to 1⁄8, inclusive ...... 1⁄16 3⁄32 3⁄16 Over 1⁄8 to 3⁄16, inclusive ...... 1⁄16 1⁄8 3⁄16 Over 3⁄16 to 1⁄2, inclusive ...... 1⁄16 5⁄32 3⁄16 Over 1⁄2 to 1, inclusive ...... 3⁄32 3⁄16 3⁄16 Over 1 to 2, inclusive ...... 1⁄8 1⁄4 1⁄4 Over 2 ...... 5⁄32 (1) (1)

1 The greater of 1⁄4 in. or 1⁄8 times the width of the weld in inches. NOTES: 1. For double welded butt joints, this limitation on reinforcement given above applies separately to both inside and outside surfaces of the joint. 2. For single welded butt joints, the reinforcement limits given above apply to the outside surface of the joint only. 3. The thickness of weld reinforcement is based on the thickness of the thinner of the materials being joined. 4. The weld reinforcement thicknesses must be determined for the higher of the abutting surfaces involved. 5. For boiler external piping use the column titled ‘‘Below 0 °F. or above 750 °F.’’ for weld reinforcement thicknesses.

[CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40614, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 39969, Oct. 1, 1990; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, Oct. 31, 2008]

§ 56.70–20 Qualification, general. brazing material in a piping system, the requirements of § 56.60–20 of this (a) Qualification of the welding pro- part should be considered. cedures to be used, and of the perform- (b) The brazing material used shall ance of welders and welding operators, have a shearing strength of at least is required, and shall comply with the 10,000 pounds per square inch. The max- requirements of section IX of the imum allowable working pressure for ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code brazing piping shall be determined by (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR this part. 56.01–2) except as modified by part 57 of (c) Fluxes that are fluid and chemi- this subchapter. cally active at the brazing temperature (b) Each butt-welded joint of Class I must be used when necessary to pre- of Class I-L piping shall be marked vent oxidation of the filler metal and with the welder’s identification sym- of the surfaces to be joined and to pro- bol. Dies shall not be used to mark the mote free flowing of the filler metal. pipe where the pressure exceeds 600 pounds per square inch or the tempera- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ture exceeds 750 °F. or in Class I-L sys- amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, 1989; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, Oct. 31, tems. 2008] [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, § 56.75–10 Joint clearance. Oct. 31, 2008] (a) The clearance between surfaces to be joined shall be no larger than is nec- Subpart 56.75—Brazing essary to insure complete capillary distribution of the filler metal; between § 56.75–5 Filler metal. 0.002–inch minimum and 0.006-inch (a) The filler metal used in brazing maximum. must be a nonferrous metal or alloy (b) [Reserved] having a melting point above 1,000 °F. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as and below that of the metal being amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, joined. The filler metal must meet and Oct. 31, 2008] flow freely within the desired temperature range and, in conjunction with a § 56.75–15 Heating suitable flux or controlled atmosphere, (a) The joint shall be brought to braz- must wet and adhere to the surfaces to ing temperature in as short a time as be joined. Prior to using a particular possible to minimize oxidation.

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(b) [Reserved] er. The annular clearance of socket joints shall be held to small clearances [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, which experience indicates is satisfac- Oct. 31, 2008] tory for the brazing alloy to be employed, method of heating, and mate- § 56.75–20 Brazing qualification. rial to be joined. The annular clearance (a) The qualification of the perform- shall be shown on drawings submitted ance of brazers and brazing operators for approval of socket joints. shall be in accordance with the require- (2) Copper pipe fabricated with longitudinal joints for pressures not exceed- ments of part C, section IX of the ing that permitted by the regulations ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in this subchapter may have butt, (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR lapped, or scarfed joints. If of the latter 56.01–2) and part 57 of this subchapter. type, the kerf of the material shall be (b) Manufacturers shall perform not less than 60°. those tests required by paragraph (a) of (c) Brazing, general. (1) Heat shall be this section prior to performing pro- applied evenly and uniformly to all duction brazing. parts of the joint in order to prevent [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as local overheating. amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, (2) The members to be joined shall be Oct. 31, 2008] held firmly in place until the brazing alloy has set so as to prevent any § 56.75–25 Detail requirements. strain on the joint until the brazing (a) Pipe may be fabricated by brazing alloy has thoroughly solidified. The when the temperature to which such brazing shall be done by placing the connections may be subjected does not flux and brazing material on one side of exceed 425 °F. (For exception refer to the joint and applying heat until the § 56.30–30(b)(1).) brazing material flows entirely (b) The surfaces to be brazed must be through the lap and shows uniformly clean and free from grease, oxides, along the seam on the other side of the paint, scale, and dirt of any kind. Any joint. Sufficient flux shall be used to suitable chemical or mechanical clean- cause the brazing material to appear ing method may be used to provide a promptly after reaching the brazing clean, wettable surface for brazing. temperature. (c) After the parts to be joined have been thoroughly cleaned the edges to Subpart 56.80—Bending and be brazed shall be given an even coat- Forming ing of flux prior to heating the joint as a protection against oxidation. § 56.80–5 Bending. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as Pipe may be bent by any hot or cold amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65184, method and to any radius which will Oct. 31, 2008] result in a bend surface free of cracks, as determined by a method of inspec- § 56.75–30 Pipe joining details. tion specified in the design, and sub- (a) Silver brazing. (1) Circumferential stantially free of buckles. Such bends pipe joints may be either of the socket shall meet the design requirements of or butt type. When butt joints are em- 102.4.5 and 104.2.1 of ASME B31.1 (incor- ployed the edges to be joined shall be porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– cut or machined square and the edges 2). This shall not prohibit the use of shall be held closely together to insure bends designed as creased or cor- a satisfactory joint. rugated. If doubt exists as to the wall (b) Copper-alloy brazing. (1) Copper- thickness being adequate, Class I pip- alloy brazing may be employed to join ing having diameters exceeding 4 pipe, valves, and fittings. Circumferen- inches shall be nondestructively exam- tial joints may be either of the butt or ined by the use of ultrasonics or other socket type. Where butt joints are em- acceptable method. Alternatively, the ployed, the included angle shall be not pipe may be drilled, gaged, and fitted less than 90° where the wall thickness with a screwed plug extending outside is three-sixteenths of an inch or great- the pipe covering. The nondestructive

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method shall be employed where the (e) For other materials the heat design temperature exceeds 750 °F. treatment of bends and formed compo- Prior to the use of nondestructive nents must be such as to ensure pipe method of examination by the above properties that are consistent with the procedure, it shall be demonstrated by original pipe specification. the user, in the presence of a marine (f) All scale shall be removed from inspector on specimens similar to those heat treated pipe prior to installation. to be examined, that consistent re- (g) Austenitic stainless-steel pipe sults, having an accuracy of plus or that has been heated for bending or minus 3 percent, can be obtained. other forming may be used in the ‘‘as- bent’’ condition unless the design spec- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ification requires post-bending heat amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, treatment. 1970; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, Oct. 31, 2008] [CGFR 68–62, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, § 56.80–10 Forming (reproduces 129.2). 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40166, Sept. 2, 1975; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, Oct. 31, 2008] (a) Piping components may be formed (swaging, lapping, or upsetting of pipe ends, extrusion of necks, etc.) Subpart 56.85—Heat Treatment of by any suitable hot or cold working Welds method, providing such processes result in formed surfaces which are uni- § 56.85–5 Heating and cooling method. form and free of cracks or other de- Heat treatment may be accomplished fects, as determined by methods of in- by a suitable heating method that will spection specified in the design. provide the desired heating and cooling rates, the required metal temperature, § 56.80–15 Heat treatment of bends and metal temperature uniformity, and formed components. temperature control. (a) Carbon-steel piping that has been [USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, Oct. 31, 2008] heated to at least 1,650 °F (898 °C) for bending or other forming requires no § 56.85–10 Preheating. subsequent heat treatment. (a) The minimum preheat tempera- (b) Ferritic alloy steel piping which tures listed in Table 56.85–10 for P-num- has been heated for bending or other ber materials groupings are mandatory forming operations shall receive a minimum pre-heat temperatures. Pre- stress relieving treatment, a full an- heat is required for Class I, I-L, I-N, II- neal, or a normalize and temper treat- N and II-L piping when the ambient ment, as specified by the design speci- temperature is below 50 °F. fication before welding. (b) During the welding of dissimilar (c) Cold bending and forming of car- materials, the minimum preheat tem- bon steel having a wall thickness of perature may not be lower than either three-fourths of an inch and heavier, the highest temperature listed in Table and all ferritic-alloy pipe in nominal 56.85–10 for any of the materials to be pipe sizes of 4 inches and larger, or one- welded or the temperature established half-inch wall thickness or heavier, in the qualified welding procedure. will require a stress-relieving treat- (c) The preheat temperature shall be ment. checked by use of temperature-indi- (d) Cold bending of carbon-steel and cating crayons, thermocouples, ferritic-alloy steel pipe in sizes and pyrometers, or other suitable methods wall thicknesses less than specified in to ensure that the required preheat 129.3.3 of ASME B31.1 (incorporated by temperature is obtained before, and reference; see 46 CFR 56.01–2) may be uniformly maintained during the weld- used without a postheat treatment. ing.

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TABLE 56.85–10—PREHEAT AND POSTHEAT TREATMENT OF WELDS

Preheat required Post heat treatment requirement (1)(2) Time cycle ASME Sec IX Minimum tem- Minimum wall Nos. Minimum wall perature and other Temperature Hour per Minimum (3)(4) (inch) ° (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(°F)(inch) time within (5)(6)( F) (3)(4)(17)(inch) inch of wall range (3)(4) (hour)

P–1(16) ...... All ...... 50 (for .30 C. Over 3⁄4 in ...... 1,100 to 1,200 (minimum) 1 1 maximum or (maximum). less) (13). P–1(16) ...... All ...... 175 (for over ...... do ...... do ...... 1 1 .30 C.) (13) and wall thickness over 1 in. P–3(15) ...... All walls ...... 175 ...... Over 1⁄2 in ...... 1,200 to 1,350 (minimum) 1 1 (maximum). P–4(15) ...... Up to 3⁄4 in in- 300 ...... Over 1⁄2 in or 1,330 to 1,400 (minimum) 1 1 clusive. over 4 in (maximum). nom. size or. Over 3⁄4 in ...... 400 ...... Over .15 C. maximum. P–5(15) (less Up to 3⁄4 in in- 300 ...... Over 1⁄2 in or 1,300 to 1,425 (minimum) 1 1 than 5 cr.). clusive. over 4 in. (maximum). nom. size or. Over 3⁄4 in ...... 400 ...... Over 0.15 C. maximum. P–5(15) (5 cr. Up to 3⁄4 inclu- 300 ...... All walls ...... do ...... 1 2 and higher). sive. Over 3⁄4 in ...... 400 ...... Over 0.15 C. maximum. P–6 ...... All walls ...... 300 (14)...... All walls ...... 1,400 to 1,500 (minimum) 1 2 (maximum). P–8 ...... do ...... None required ...... do ...... None required.

For P–7, P–9A, P–9B, P–10C and other mate- (9) Heating rate for furnace, gas, electric rials not listed the Preheat and Postheat resistance, and other surface heating meth- Treatment is to be in accordance with the ods must not exceed: (i) 600 °F per hour for qualified procedure. thicknesses 2 inches and under. Notes Applicable to Table 56.85–10: (ii) 600 °F per hour divided by 1⁄2 the thick- (1) Not applicable to dissimilar metal ness in inches for thickness over 2 inches. welds. (10) Heating route for induction heating (2) When postheat treatment by annealing must not exceed: or normalizing is used, the postheat treat- (i) 600 °F per hour for thickness less than ment temperatures must be in accordance 11⁄2 inches (60 and 400 cycles). with the qualified welding procedure. (ii) 500 °F per hour when using 60 cycles ° (3) Wall thickness of a butt weld is defined and 400 F per hour when using 400 cycles for 1 as the thicker of the two abutting ends after thicknesses 1 ⁄2 inches and over. end preparation including I.D. machining. (11) When local heating is used, the weld must be allowed to cool slowly from the (4) The thickness of socket, fillet, and seal postheat treatment temperature. A sug- welds is defined as the throat thicknesses for gested method of retarding cooling is to pressure and nonpressure retaining welds. wrap the weld with asbestos and allow to (5) Preheat temperatures must be checked cool in still air. When furnace cooling is by use of temperature indicating crayons, used, the pipe sections must be cooled in the thermocouple pyrometers, or other suitable furnace to 1000 °F and may then be cooled method. further in still air. (6) For inert gas tungsten arc root pass (12) Local postheat treatment of butt weld- welding lower preheat in accordance with ed joints must be performed on a circum- the qualified procedure may be used. ferential band of the pipe. The minimum (7) The maximum postheat treatment tem- width of this band, centered on the weld, perature listed for each P number is a rec- must be the width of the weld plus 2 inches. ommended maximum temperature. Local postheat treatment of welded branch (8) Postheat treatment temperatures must connections must be performed by heating a be checked by use of thermocouple circumferential band of the pipe to which the pyrometers or other suitable means. branch is welded. The width of the heated

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band must extend at least 1 inch beyond the (c) All complicated connections in- weld joining the branch. cluding manifolds shall be stress-re- (13) 0.30 C. max applies to specified ladle lieved in a furnace as a whole as re- analysis. quired by Table 56.85–10 before being ° (14) 600 F maximum interpass tempera- taken aboard ship for installation. ture. (15) Welding on P–3, P–4, and P–5 with 3 Cr (d) The postheating treatment se- max. may be interrupted only if— lected for parts of an assembly must (i) At least 3⁄8 inch thickness of weld is de- not adversely affect other components. posited or 25 percent of welding groove is Heating a fabricated assembly as a filled, whichever is greater; complete unit is usually desirable; (ii) The weld is allowed to cool slowly to however, the size or shape of the unit room temperature; and or the adverse effect of a desired treat- (iii) The required preheat is resumed before ment on one or more components welding is continued. where dissimilar materials are in- (16) When attaching welding carbon steel volved may dictate alternative proce- non-pressure parts to steel pressure parts dures. For example, it may be heated and the throat thickness of the fillet or par- as a section of the assembly before the tial or full penetration weld is 1⁄2 in. or less, postheat treatment of the fillet weld is not attachment of others or local circum- required for Class I and II piping if preheat ferential-band heating of welded joints to a minimum temperature of 175 °F is ap- in accordance with 46 CFR 56.85–10, plied when the thickness of the pressure part Table 56.85–10 Note (12) and 46 CFR exceeds 3⁄4 in. 56.85–15(j)(3). (17) For Class I-L and II-L piping systems, (e) Postheating treatment of welded relief from postweld heat treatment may not joints between dissimilar metals hav- be dependent upon wall thickness. See also ing different postheating requirements §§ 56.50–105(a)(3) and 56.50–105(b)(3) of this chapter. must be established in the qualified welding procedure. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (f)–(h) [Reserved] amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9980, June 17, (i) For those materials listed under 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14234, July 18, 1972; CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973; CGD P–1, when the wall thickness of the 73–254, 40 FR 40166, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, thicker of the two abutting ends, after 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, 1989; USCG–2003–16630, 73 their preparation, is less than three- FR 65185, Oct. 31, 2008] fourths inch, the weld needs no postheating treatment. In all cases, § 56.85–15 Postheat treatment. where the nominal wall thickness is (a) Where pressure retaining compo- three-fourths inch or less, postheating nents having different thicknesses are treatment is not required. welded together as is often the case (j) (1)–(2) [Reserved] when making branch connections, the (3) In local postheat treatment the preheat and postheat treatment re- entire band must be brought up to uni- quirements of Table 56.85–10 apply to form specified temperature over the the thicker of the components being complete circumference of the pipe sec- joined. Postweld heat treatment is re- tion, with a gradual diminishing of the quired for Classes I, I-L, II-L, and sys- temperature outward from the edges of tems. It is not required for Class II pip- the band. ing. Refer to § 56.50–105(a)(3) for excep- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as tions in Classes I-L and II-L systems amended by CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June and to paragraph (b) of this section for 29, 1973; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975; Class I systems. USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, Oct. 31, 2008] (b) All buttwelded joints in Class I piping shall be postweld heated as re- Subpart 56.90—Assembly quired by Table 56.85–10. The following exceptions are permitted: § 56.90–1 General. (1) High pressure salt water piping (a) The assembly of the various pip- systems used in tank cleaning oper- ing components, whether done in a ations; and, shop or as field erection, shall be done (2) Gas supply piping of carbon or so that the completely erected piping carbon molybdenum steel used in gas conforms with the requirements of the turbines. regulations in this subchapter and with

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the specified requirements of the engi- modified by this subchapter. This in- neering design. spection is the responsibility of the owner and may be performed by em- § 56.90–5 Bolting procedure. ployees of the owner or of an engineer- (a) All flanged joints shall be fitted ing organization employed by the up so that the gasket contact faces owner, together with the marine in- bear uniformly on the gasket and then spector. shall be made up with relatively uni- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as form bolt stress. Bolt loading and gas- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, ket compression need only be verified 1970; USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, Oct. 31, by touch and visual observation. 2008] (b) When bolting gasketed flanged joints, the gasket must be properly § 56.95–5 Rights of access of marine in- compressed in accordance with the de- spectors. sign principles applicable to the type of Marine inspectors shall have rights gasket used. of access to any place where work con- (c) Steel to cast iron flanged joints cerned with the piping is being per- shall be assembled with care to prevent formed. This includes manufacture, damage to the cast iron flange in ac- fabrication, assembly, erection, and cordance with § 56.25–10. testing of the piping or system compo- (d) All bolts must be engaged so that nents. Marine inspectors shall have ac- there is visible evidence of complete cess to review all certifications or threading through the nut or threaded records pertaining to the inspection re- attachment. quirements of § 56.95–1, including certified qualifications for welders, weld- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ing operators, and welding procedures. amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, Oct. 31, 2008] § 56.95–10 Type and extent of examination required. § 56.90–10 Threaded piping (modifies 135.5). (a) General. The types and extent of (a) Any compound or lubricant used nondestructive examinations required in threaded joints shall be suitable for for piping must be in accordance with the service conditions and shall not this section and Table 136.4 of ASME react unfavorably with either the serv- B31.1 (incorporated by reference; see 46 ice fluid or the piping materials. CFR 56.01–2). In addition, a visual ex- (b) Threaded joints which are to be amination shall be made. 1 seal welded shall be made up without (1) 100 percent radiography is re- any thread compound. quired for all Class I, I-L, and II-L pip- (c) Backing off to permit alignment ing with wall thickness equal to or of pipe threaded joints shall not be per- greater than 10 mm (.375 in.). mitted. (2) Nondestructive examination is required for all Class II piping equal to or [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as greater than 18 inches nominal diame- amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, ter regardless of wall thickness. Any Oct. 31, 2008] test method acceptable to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection may be Subpart 56.95—Inspection used. (3) Appropriate nondestructive ex- § 56.95–1 General (replaces 136). aminations of other piping systems are (a) The provisions in this subpart required only when deemed necessary shall apply to inspection in lieu of 136 by the Officer in Charge, Marine In- of ASME B31.1 (incorporated by ref- spection. In such cases a method of erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). testing satisfactory to the Officer in (b) Prior to initial operation, a piping Charge, Marine Inspection must be se- installation shall be inspected to the lected from those described in this sec- extent necessary to assure compliance tion. with the engineering design, and with (b) Visual examination. Visual exam- the material, fabrication, assembly and ination consists of observation by the test requirements of ASME B31.1, as marine inspector of whatever portions

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of a component or weld are exposed to surface of the weld being inspected such observation, either before, during, shall be covered using extreme care or after manufacture, fabrication, as- and careful methods to be sure that a sembly or test. All welds, pipe and pip- true representation of the actual condi- ing components shall be capable of tions is obtained. The procedures to be complying with the limitations on im- used shall be submitted to the Com- perfections specified in the product mandant for approval. specification under which the pipe or (4) Liquid penetrant. Where liquid pen- component was purchased, or with the etrant examination is required, the en- limitations on imperfections specified tire surface of the weld being examined in § 56.70–15(b) (7) and (8), and (c), as ap- shall be covered. The examination plicable. shall be performed in accordance with (c) Nondestructive types of examina- appendix VIII to section VIII of the tions—(1) 100 Percent radiography. Where ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. 100 percent radiography 1 is required for The following standards of acceptance welds in piping, each weld in the piping shall be met: shall be completely radiographed. If a (i) All linear discontinuities and butt weld is examined by radiography, aligned penetrant indications revealed for either random or 100 percent radi- by the test shall be removed. Aligned ography, the method used shall be as penetrant indications are those in follows: which the average of the center-to-cen- (i) X-ray or gamma ray method of ra- ter distances between any one indica- diography may be used. The selection tion and the two adjacent indications of the method shall be dependent upon in any straight line is less than three- its adaptability to the work being sixteenths inch. All other discontinu- radiographed. The procedure to be fol- ities revealed on the surface need not lowed shall be as indicated in PW–51 of be removed unless the discontinuities section I of the ASME Boiler and Pres- are also revealed by radiography, in sure Vessel Code (incorporated by ref- which case the pertinent radiographic erence; see 46 CFR 56.01–2). specification shall apply. (ii) If a piping component or a weld (5) Magnetic particle. Where magnetic other than a butt weld is radiographed, particle testing is required, the entire the method used shall be in accordance surface of the weld being examined with UW–51 of section VIII of the shall be covered. The testing shall be ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code performed in accordance with appendix (incorporated by reference; see 46 CFR VI to section VIII of the ASME Boiler 56.01–2). and Pressure Vessel Code. The fol- (2) Random radiography. Where ran- lowing standards of acceptance are re- dom radiography 1 is required, one or quired for welds. All linear discontinu- more welds may be completely or par- ities and aligned indications revealed tially radiographed. Random radiog- by the test shall be removed. Aligned raphy is considered to be a desirable indications are those in which the av- means of spot checking welder per- erage of the center-to-center distances formance, particularly in field welding between any one indication and the where conditions such as position, am- two adjacent indications in any bient temperatures, and cleanliness are straight line is less than three-six- not as readily controlled as in shop teenths inch. All other revealed dis- welding. It is to be employed whenever continuities need not be removed un- an Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection less the discontinuities are also re- questions a pipe weld not otherwise revealed by radiography, in which case quired to be tested. The standards of the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of acceptance are the same as for 100 per- this section shall be met. cent radiography. (3) Ultrasonic. Where 100 percent ul- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as trasonic testing is specified, the entire amended by CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973; CGD 78–108, 43 FR 46546, Oct. 10, 1978; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95– 1 Where for some reason, such as joint con- 028, 62 FR 51202, Sept. 30, 1997; USCG–2000– figuration, radiography is not applicable, an- 7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000; USCG–2003– other approved examination may be utilized. 16630, 65185, Oct. 31, 2008]

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Subpart 56.97—Pressure Tests (4) The hydrostatic test of the piping system, when conducted in accordance § 56.97–1 General (replaces 137). with the requirements of this part, is acceptable as the test for piping sub- (a) Scope. The requirements in this assemblies and may also be used in lieu subpart apply to pressure tests of pip- of any such test required by the mate- ing in lieu of 137 of ASME B31.1 (incor- rial specification for material used in porated by reference; see 46 CFR 56.01– the piping subassembly or system pro- 2). Those paragraphs reproduced are so vided the minimum test pressure re- noted. quired for the piping system is met, ex- (b) Leak tightness. It is mandatory cept where the installation would pre- that the design, fabrication and erec- vent performing any nondestructive ex- tion of piping constructed under the amination required by the material regulations in this subchapter dem- specification to be performed subse- onstrate leak tightness. Except where quent to the hydrostatic or pneumatic otherwise permitted in this subpart, test. this requirement must be met by a hydrostatic leak test prior to initial oper- [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975, as ations. Where a hydrostatic test is not amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, practicable, a pneumatic test (§ 56.97– Oct. 31, 2008] 35) or initial service leak test (§ 56.97– 38) may be substituted if approved by § 56.97–5 Pressure testing of nonstandard piping system compo- the Commandant. nents. (1) At no time during the hydrostatic test may any part of the piping system (a) All nonstandard piping system be subjected to a stress greater than 90 components such as welded valves and percent of its yield strength (0.2 per- fittings, nonstandard fittings, mani- cent offset) at test temperature. folds, seacocks, and other appur- (2) Pneumatic tests may be used in tenances must be hydrostatically test- lieu of the required hydrostatic test ed to twice the rated pressure stamped (except as permitted in paragraph (b)(3) thereon, except that no component of this section), only when— should be tested at a pressure causing stresses in excess of 90 percent of its (i) Piping subassemblies or systems yield strength. are so designed or supported that they cannot be safely filled with water; 1 or (b) Items for which an accepted standard appears in Table 56.60–1(b) (ii) Piping subassemblies or systems need not be tested as described in para- are to be used in services where traces graph (a) of this section, but need only of the testing medium cannot be toler- meet the test required in the applica- ated and, whenever possible, the piping ble standard. subassemblies or system have been previously hydrostatically tested to the [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as pressure required in § 56.97–30(e). amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, (3) A pneumatic test at a pressure 1989] not to exceed 25 psig may be applied before a hydrostatic or a pneumatic test § 56.97–25 Preparation for testing (re- as a means of locating major leaks. produces 137.2). The preliminary pneumatic test must (a) Exposure of joints. All joints in- be carried out in accordance with the cluding welds must be left uninsulated requirements of § 56.97–35. and exposed for examination during the test. NOTE: Compressed gas is hazardous when used as a testing medium. It is, therefore, (b) Addition of temporary supports. recommended that special precautions for Piping systems designed for vapor or protection of personnel be taken whenever gas may be provided with additional gas under pressure is used as the test me- temporary supports, if necessary, to dium. support the weight of the test liquid. (c) Restraint or isolation of expansion 1 These tests may be made with the item joints. Expansion joints must be pro- being tested partially filled with water, if de- vided with temporary restraint, if re- sired. quired for the additional pressure load

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under test, or they must be isolated for a minimum of 10 minutes (see from the test. § 56.97–30(g)), examination for leakage (d) Isolation of equipment not subjected must be made of all joints, connections to pressure test. Equipment that is not and of all regions of high stress, such to be subjected to the pressure test as regions around openings and thick- must be either disconnected from the ness-transition sections. piping subassembly or system or iso- (e) Minimum required hydrostatic test lated by a blank flange or similar pressure. Except as otherwise permitted means. Valves may be used if the valve in § 56.97–30(f) or § 56.97–40, piping sys- with its closure is suitable for the pro- tems must be subjected to a hydro- posed test pressure. static test pressure that at every point (e) Treatment of flanged joints con- in the system is not less than 1.5 times taining blinds. Flanged joints at which the maximum allowable working pres- blinds are inserted to blank off other sure. equipment during the test need not be (f) Maximum permissible hydrostatic tested. test pressure. (1) When a system is test- (f) Precautions against test medium ex- ed hydrostatically, the test pressure pansion. If a pressure test is to be must not exceed the maximum test maintained for a period of time and the pressure of any component such as ves- test medium in the system is subject to sels, pumps, or valves in the system. thermal expansion, precautions must (2) At no time during the hydrostatic be taken to avoid excessive pressure. A test may any part of the piping system small relief valve set to 11⁄3 times the be subjected to a stress greater than 90 test pressure is recommended during percent of its yield strength (0.2 per- the pressure test. cent offset) at test temperature. [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975] (g) Hydrostatic test pressure holding time. The hydrostatic test pressure § 56.97–30 Hydrostatic tests (modifies must be maintained for a minimum 137.4). total time of 10 minutes and for such (a) Provision of air vents at high points. additional time as may be necessary to Vents must be provided at all high conduct the examination for leakage points of the piping subassembly or required by § 56.97–30(d). system in the position in which the test is to be conducted to purge air [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975, as pockets while the component or system amended by USCG–2003–16630, 73 FR 65185, is filling. Oct. 31, 2008] (b) Test medium and test temperature. § 56.97–35 Pneumatic tests (replaces (1) Water will be used for a hydrostatic 137.5). leak test unless another medium is approved by the Commandant. (a) General Requirements. When a (2) The temperature of the test me- pneumatic test is performed, it must be dium will be that of the available conducted in accordance with the re- source unless otherwise approved by quirements of this section. the Commandant upon review of the (b) Test medium and test temperature. metallurgical aspects of the piping ma- (1) The gas used as the test medium terials with respect to its brittle frac- must not be flammable. ture properties. (2) The temperature of the test me- (c) Check of test equipment before ap- dium will be that of the available plying pressure. The test equipment source unless otherwise approved by must be examined before pressure is the Commandant upon review of the applied to ensure that it is tight and metallurgical aspects of the piping ma- that all low-pressure filling lines and terials with respect to its brittle frac- other items that should not be sub- ture properties. jected to the test pressure have been (c) Check of test equipment before ap- disconnected or isolated by valves or plying pressure. The test equipment other suitable means. must be examined before pressure is (d) Examination for leakage after appli- applied to ensure that it is tight and cation of pressure. Following the appli- that all items that should not be sub- cation of the hydrostatic test pressure jected to the test pressure have been

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disconnected or isolated by valves or complete and all joints are leak-tight, other suitable means. the piping has met the requirements of (d) Procedure for applying pressure. § 56.97–1. The pressure in the system must gradually be increased to not more [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40168, Sept. 2, 1975] than one-half of the test pressure, after which the pressure is increased in steps § 56.97–40 Installation tests. of approximately one-tenth of the test (a) The following piping systems pressure until the required test pres- shall be hydrostatically leak tested in sure has been reached. the presence of a marine inspector at a (e) Examination for leakage after appli- pressure of 11⁄2 times the maximum al- cation of pressure. Following the appli- lowable working pressure of the sys- cation of pressure for the time speci- tem: fied in § 56.97–35(h), examination for (1) Class I steam, feedwater, and leakage in accordance with 56.97–30(d) blowoff piping. Where piping is at- must be conducted. tached to boilers by welding without (f) Minimum required pneumatic test practical means of blanking off for pressure. Except as provided in § 56.97– testing, the piping shall be subjected to 35(g) or § 56.97–40, the pneumatic test pressure may not be less than 1.20 nor the same hydrostatic pressure to which more than 1.25 times the maximum al- the boiler is tested. The maximum allowable working pressure of the piping lowable working pressures of boiler subassembly system. feedwater and blowoff piping shall be (g) Maximum permissible pneumatic test the design pressures specified in pressure. When a system is tested pneu- §§ 56.50–30(a)(3) and 56.50–40(b), respec- matically, the test pressure may not tively. exceed the maximum test pressure of (2) Fuel oil discharge piping between any component such as vessels, pumps the pumps and the burners, but not less or valves in the system. than 500 pounds per square inch. (h) Pneumatic test pressure holding (3) High-pressure piping for tank time. The pneumatic test pressure must cleaning operations. be maintained for a minimum total (4) Flammable or corrosive liquids time of 10 minutes and for such addi- and compressed gas cargo piping, but tional time as may be necessary to not less than 150 pounds per square conduct the examination for leakage inch. required in § 56.97–30(d). (5) Any Class I, I-L, II-L piping. [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40168, Sept. 2, 1975] (6) Cargo oil piping. (7) Firemains, but not less than 150 § 56.97–38 Initial service leak test (re- pounds per square inch. produces 137.7). (8) Fuel oil transfer and filling pip- (a) An initial service leak test and in- ing. spection is acceptable when other types (9) Class I compressed air piping. of test are not practical or when leak (10) Fixed oxygen-acetylene system tightness is conveniently demonstrable piping. due to the nature of the service. One example is turbine extraction piping (b) Installation testing requirements where shut-off valves are not available for refrigeration, fluid power, and liq- for isolating a line and where tem- uefied petroleum gas cooking and heat- porary closures are impractical. Others ing systems may be found in part 58 of may be systems for service water, low this subchapter. pressure condensate, plant and instru- (c) Class II piping systems shall be ment air, etc., where checking out of tested under working conditions as pumps and compressors afford ample specified in the section on initial serv- opportunity for leak tightness inspec- ice leak test, § 56.97–38. tion prior to fullscale operation. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (b) The piping system must be gradu- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9980, June 17, ally brought up to design pressure. 1970; CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973 After inspection of the piping system CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40168, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 95– has proven that the installation is 028, 62 FR 51202, Sept. 30, 1997]

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