as to produce smooth threads. 2. An oil or oily preparation used as a cutting fluid espe cially a water-soluble oil (such as a mineral oil containing- a fatty oil) Cut Grooving (cut groov-ing) the process of machining away material, providing a groove into a pipe to allow for a mechani cal coupling to be installed.This process was invented by Victau - lic Corp. in 1925. Cut Grooving is designed for stanard weight- ceives or heavier wall thickness pipe. tetrafluoroethylene (tet-ra-- theseveral lower variouslyterminal, whichshaped re or decalescensecryolite (de-ca-les-cen- ming and flood consisting(cry-o-lite) of sodium-alumi earthfluo-ro-eth-yl-ene) by alternately dam a colorless, thegrooved vapors tools. from 4. anonpressure tool used by se) a decrease in temperaturea mineral nonflammable gas used in mak- metalworkers to shape material thatnum occurs fluoride. while Usedheating for soldermet- ing a stream. See STANK. or the pressure sterilizers, and - spannering heat resistantwrench and(span-ner acid re - conductsto a desired the form vapors. 5. a tooldirectly used al ingthrough copper a rangeand inalloys which when a mixed with phosphoric acid.- wrench)sistant plastics 1. one ofsuch various as teflon. tools to setthe theouter teeth air. of Sometimesaatmosphere circular or exhaust vent. See change in a structure occurs. Also used for soldering alumi forAbbr. tightening, T.F.E. or loosening,chiefly Brit.: orcalled band vapor, saw. steam,6. a tool used to degree of hazard (de-gree stench trap (stench trap) num bronze when mixed with nutsthermal and bolts.expansion 2. (water) straightenLOCAL VENT. damaged casing or of haz-ard) derived from the - [ther-mal ex-pan-sion (wa-ter)] pipe inin a adrilled frame oilwhich well. opens stress, to evaluationbarium chloride. of conditions within wrench. A wrench that has a a flap 1.semicircular the increase head in with volume a hole, of - PLUMBINGhoopadmit cellar(compression) drainage to[stress, a sewer- acrucible water system which can be (cru-ci-ble) wateror projection, when it’s at temperatureone end for en is hoopand then(com-pres-sion)] closes to prevent the com sew- classifiedfractory material as either useda apotfor “health meltof re - ing or calcinating. A substance- increased,gaging with or the descreased, opposite device from pressioner air from stress entering. on the 1. wallarchaic of a hazard” or “nonhealth hazard.” - 39.1on the degrees object F toor which3.8 degrees it is ap C. pipestanch due to(stanch) external pressure or -deepsuch asseal metal trap and (deep ore seal which trap) re DICTIONARYquires a high degree of heat. 2.plied the andincrease is used of preasureespecially in on a dueEnglish, to internal a floodgate vacuum. to accumu a term applied to a trap having- closedfire hosesystem couplings. due to the(leach-ing heat- sterilizer late water ventfor slashing (ster-i-liz-er a boat Bessemera water seal Process of four (bes-se-mer inches or pro-cess) ingleaching and expanding cesspool of water. vent)over aa separateshallow in pipe a stream or stack,. 2. in more. cuttinga process oil (cut-ting of making oil) swagecess-pool) (swage) acesspool 1. to thatchange is not indirectly plumbing, connected the term stankingto the or steel1. oi lfrom used cast to lubricate iron by burningpipe and shapewater by tight forcing. means. 2.relating the building stanching drainage is used tosystem describe atout abolt carbon cutting equipment during through theand agency other of impurities a blast of toolflat used back in (flatswaging. back) 3.1. any of means of excavating or movingthe preparation of a thread so to a fixture such as a flat back air which is forced through the molten metal. The process is ei ther acid or basic according to the nature of the refractory lin - ing of the converter, or vessel in which the blowing is conducted.- bell (bell) or a pipe fittingthat portion which, of for a pipea short distance, is sufficiently enlarged to receive the plain or spigot end of another length of pipe or pipe fitting of the same diameter for the purpose of making a joint. See HUB. bee-hive strainer, urinal (bee- hive strainer, uri-nal) Sixth Edition rated or slotted cage typea strain perfo er, spiral shaped, attached to- drainSixth of a urinal,Edition used to allow- cover_1 liquids to flow but retaining sol ids. See PINEAPPLE STRAINER, URINAL; URINAL. - bar strainer filtering or straining(bar strain-er) device hav ing a single rod or several barsa - ASSE International membership networking | education | publications | give back to your profession and learn from each other. 50% OFF NEW MEMBER DUES Why do professionals become members of ASSE International? A few privileges you will enjoy as an (answers from an ASSE International ASSE International member: membership survey) “ ASSE is a leader in the cross- • Networking and educational opportunities within the plumbing connection control industry and and mechanical industries I wanted to be a part of the • Free subscription to publications, including the ASSE eNewsletter organization.” • Discounts on ASSE standards and books (25% off) “ To maintain a relationship with a • Participation on national committees cross-section of people in the piping • Voting rights at Annual Meetings industry and to advance my career.” • Eligibility for ASSE International Awards and Scholarships “ My company partners and relies (members and their relatives) on ASSE to uphold standards and certification integrity.” “ To become more familiar with my industry, keep up with the latest join online at technology, ideas and discussions, and to be part of keeping our stores.assewebstore.com industry safe.” “ The main reason was to stay in front of code changes and new technology, and to share this information with my co-workers.” “ It is my professional responsibility to do so.” ASSE International cover_2 18927 Hickory Creek Drive, Suite 220, Mokena, Illinois | (708) 995-3019 | http://www.asse-plumbing.org PLUMBING DICTIONARY Sixth Edition Published by ASSE International 18927 Hickory Creek Drive, Suite 220 Mokena, Illinois 60448 Edited by ASSE Plumbing Nomenclature Committee Carl Schroeder, FASSE, Chairman Diana Corcoran, ASSE Staff Liaison © Copyright 2007, 1996, 1988, 1979, 1975, 1971 Mokena, Illinois All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission in writing from the publisher. i Foreword This edition is for practical and widespread use to fill a void in existing technical literature for this field of knowledge. It will be tested through use and improved as needed. It is to be expected that omissions will be discovered by readers and critics, and that some of the entries will engender criticism and comment. The Nomenclature Committee of ASSE International will welcome every criticism and suggestion for inclusions and deletions in future editions. Almost every professional society has a nomenclature committee. Ours decided to venture where no one in plumbing had gone before us – that is, to this actual publication. It is a beginning. Let special legal meanings be decided by constituted authorities and the courts. It is the purpose of this book to be “descriptive,” not prescriptive; to describe, define, and explain, and not to prescribe limitations or establish fixed and restrictive meanings; to record the words and combinations of words used in plumbing, and to give the definitions and meanings of these words and terms. Wherever possible, nontechnical language has been used, but specialized and technical terminology have been retained wherever necessary to help give the truest pertinent meanings. It is intended, thereby, that either the knowledgeable sanitarian or the student who seeks to learn, can rely on the information to be found in this book. Plumbers’ work encompasses many fields of knowledge. Plumbing is affected by advancements in technology, new inventions, improvements of materials, and discoveries in seemingly unrelated fields. Similarly, the terminology of plumbing is derived from everyday human language, which is constantly changing. In this dynamic environment, the Nomenclature Committee of ASSE International collected the terms and words of plumbing for this Plumbing Dictionary. This dictionary includes many words that are not common in daily speech. On the other hand, it has many words that are regularly used by everyone, but have become specialized and thus have, in the sense used, become plumbing terms – like “vent,” “fixtures,” and “water closet.” To prepare this book, we started to collect words and terms from plumbing trade publications, product catalogues, text books, plumbing code books, reference books, and dictionaries. We solicited lists from people in all phases of plumbing; from manufacturers, plumbers, plumbing inspectors, and educators ... and we are extremely grateful for the enthusiastic responses we received. ii Trade names and brand names have been purposely omitted from this book. Several grammatical functions such as pronunciation symbols, inflectional forms, and etymologies have been omitted as they are in most technical dictionaries. When two or more words have similar meanings, or are used interchangeably, the definition given under the term is the most-used or preferred. Use of varied terms and meanings, due to geographical differences, has resulted, in several instances, in a polysemous entry (many meanings for the same word). The main entry appears in bold type without capitalization. Filing is in strict alphabetical order by letter, without regard to spacing, hyphens, etc. – as shellac, orange, and shellac white; before shell, tank. A word having more than one syllable is usually divided into phonetic syllables, retaining correct spelling. This is shown in parenthesis. (pa-ren-the-sis). Definitions are shown in sentence form. Wherever examples follow the definition sentence, the first word of the example sentence is capitalized. Cross-references are encouraged by use of “see” and “see also” in small letters, no punctuation; followed by the referred-to term.