Coast Guard, DOT Pt. 56
(b) In all cases where the tanks are Subpart 56.25—Pipe Flanges, Blanks, mechanically stress relieved in place in Flange Facings, Gaskets, and Bolting the ship or barge and the tanks are de- 56.25–5 Flanges. signed to carry cargoes with a specific 56.25–7 Blanks. gravity less than 1.05, the ship or barge 56.25–10 Flange facings. shall be shown to have adequate sta- 56.25–15 Gaskets (reproduces 108.4). bility and buoyancy, as well as 56.25–20 Bolting. strength to carry the excess weight of Subpart 56.30—Selection and Limitations of the tank during the stress relief proce- Piping Joints dure. 56.30–1 Scope (replaces 110 through 118). 56.30–3 Piping joints (reproduces 110). PART 56—PIPING SYSTEMS AND 56.30–5 Welded joints. APPURTENANCES 56.30–10 Flanged joints (modifies 104.5.1 (a)). 56.30–15 Expanded or rolled joints. Subpart 56.01—General 56.30–20 Threaded joints. 56.30–25 Flared, flareless, and compression Sec. fittings. 56.01–1 Scope (replaces 100.1). 56.30–27 Caulked joints. 56.01–2 Incorporation by reference. 56.30–30 Brazed joints. 56.30–35 Gasketed mechanical couplings. 56.01–3 Power boiler external piping (Re- 56.30–40 Flexible pipe couplings of the com- places 100.1.1, 100.1.2, 111.6, 122.1, 132 and pression or slip-on type. 133). 56.01–5 Adoption of ANSI (American Na- Subpart 56.35—Expansion, Flexibility and tional Standards Institute) Code B31.1 for Supports pressure and power piping, and other standards. 56.35–1 Pipe stress calculations (replaces 56.01–10 Plan approval. 119.7). 56.35–10 Nonmetallic expansion joints (re- Subpart 56.04—Piping Classification places 119.5.1). 56.35–15 Metallic expansion joints (replaces 56.04–1 Scope. 119.5.1). 56.04–2 Piping classification according to service. Subpart 56.50—Design Requirements 56.04–10 Other systems. Pertaining to Specific Systems 56.50–1 General (replaces 122.6 through Subpart 56.07—Design 122.10). 56.50–10 Special gaging requirements. 56.07–5 Definitions (modifies 100.2). 56.50–15 Steam and exhaust piping. 56.07–10 Design conditions and criteria 56.50–20 Pressure relief piping. (modifies 101–104.7). 56.50–25 Safety and relief valve escape pip- ing. Subpart 56.10—Components 56.50–30 Boiler feed piping. 56.50–35 Condensate pumps. 56.10–1 Selection and limitations of piping 56.50–40 Blowoff piping (replaces 102.2.5 (d)). components (replaces 105 through 108). 56.50–45 Circulating pumps. 56.10–5 Pipe. 56.50–50 Bilge and ballast piping. 56.50–55 Bilge pumps. Subpart 56.15—Fittings 56.50–57 Bilge piping and pumps, alternative requirements. 56.15–1 Pipe joining fittings. 56.50–60 Systems containing oil. 56.15–5 Fluid-conditioner fittings. 56.50–65 Burner fuel-oil service systems. 56.15–10 Special purpose fittings. 56.50–70 Gasoline fuel systems. 56.50–75 Diesel fuel systems. Subpart 56.20—Valves 56.50–80 Lubricating-oil systems. 56.50–85 Tank-vent piping. 56.20–1 General. 56.50–90 Sounding devices. 56.50–95 Overboard discharges and shell con- 56.20–5 Marking (reproduces 107.2). nections. 56.20–7 Ends. 56.50–96 Keel cooler installations. 56.20–9 Valve construction. 56.50–97 Instrument, control and sampling 56.20–15 Valves employing resilient mate- piping (modifies 122.3). rial. 56.50–103 Fixed oxygen-acetylene distribu- 56.20–20 Valve bypasses. tion piping.
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56.50–105 Low-temperature piping. Subpart 56.97—Pressure Tests 56.50–110 Diving support systems. 56.97–1 General (replaces 137). Subpart 56.60—Materials 56.97–5 Pressure testing of nonstandard pip- ing system components. 56.60–1 Acceptable materials and specifica- 56.97–25 Preparation for testing (reproduces tions (replaces 123 and Table 126.1 in 137.3). ANSI–B31.1). 56.97–30 Hydrostatic tests (reproduces 137.4). 56.60–2 Limitations on materials. 56.97–35 Pneumatic tests (replaces 137.5). 56.60–3 Ferrous materials. 56.97–38 Initial service leak test (reproduces 56.60–5 Steel (High temperature applica- 137.7). tions). 56.97–40 Installation tests. 56.60–10 Cast iron and malleable iron. AUTHORITY: 33 U.S.C. 1321(j), 1509; 43 U.S.C. 56.60–15 Ductile iron. 1333; 46 U.S.C. 3306, 3703; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 56.60–20 Nonferrous materials. 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p. 277; E.O. 12777, 56 56.60–25 Nonmetallic materials. FR 54757, 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p. 351; 49 CFR 1.46. Subpart 56.65—Fabrication, Assembly and Erection SOURCE: CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, unless otherwise noted. 56.65–1 General (replaces 127 through 135.4). Subpart 56.01—General Subpart 56.70—Welding NOTE: See § 50.15–10 for general adoption of 56.70–1 General. standards of the ANSI (American National 56.70–3 Limitations. Standards Institute). The printing of por- 56.70–5 Material. tions of the ‘‘American National Standard 56.70–10 Preparation (modifies 127.3). Code for Pressure Piping, Power Piping,’’ 56.70–15 Procedure. ANSI–B31.1, is with the permission of the 56.70–20 Qualification, general. publisher, The American Society of Mechan- ical Engineers (ASME) International, Three Subpart 56.75—Brazing Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016—5990. The adoption of this standard ANSI–B31.1 for 56.75–5 Filler metal. pressure piping and power piping is subject 56.75–10 Joint clearance (reproduces 128.2.2). to specific limitations or modifications as 56.75–15 Heating (reproduces 128.2.3). described in this part. Those requirements in 56.75–20 Brazing qualification. ANSI–B31.1 which are not referred to in this 56.75–25 Detail requirements. part are adopted without change. Table 56.75–30 Pipe joining details. 56.01–5(a) sets forth a general reference to various paragraphs in ANSI–B31.1 which are Subpart 56.80—Bending and Forming limited, modified, or replaced by regulations 56.80–5 Bending. in this part. 56.80–10 Forming (reproduces 129.2). 56.80–15 Heat treatment of bends and formed § 56.01–1 Scope (replaces 100.1). components. (a) This part contains requirements for the various ships’ and barges’ pip- Subpart 56.85—Heat Treatment of Welds ing systems and appurtenances. 56.85–5 Heating and cooling method (repro- (b) The respective piping systems in- duces 131.1). stalled on ships and barges shall have 56.85–10 Preheating. the necessary pumps, valves, regula- 56.85–15 Postheat treatment. tion valves, safety valves, relief valves, flanges, fittings, pressure gages, liquid Subpart 56.90—Assembly level indicators, thermometers, etc., for safe and efficient operation of the 56.90–1 General. 56.90–5 Bolting procedure. vessel. 56.90–10 Threaded piping (reproduces 135.4). (c) Piping for industrial systems on mobile offshore drilling units need not Subpart 56.95—Inspection fully comply with the requirements of this part but must meet Subpart 58.60 56.95–1 General (replaces 136). of this subchapter. 56.95–5 Rights of access of marine inspec- tors. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as 56.95–10 Type and extent of examination re- amended by CGD 73–251, 43 FR 56799, Dec. 4, quired. 1978]
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§ 56.01–2 Incorporation by reference. Qualifications, 1986 with addenda ...... 56.70–5; 56.70–20; 56.75–20; 56.0–1 (a) Certain standards and specifica- ANSI B16.24–79 Bronze Pipe Flanges tions are incorporated by reference and Flanged Fittings, Class 150 into this part with the approval of the and 300 ...... 56.60–1 Director of the Federal Register in ac- ANSI B16.25–86 Buttwelding Ends ...... 56.60–1; cordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a). To en- 56.30–5; 56.70–10 force any edition other than the one ANSI B16.28–86 Wrought Steel listed in paragraph (b) of this section, Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows notice of the change must be published and Returns ...... 56.60–1 ANSI B16.29–86 Wrought Copper and in the FEDERAL REGISTER and the ma- Wrought Copper Alloy Solder terial made available to the public. All Joint Drainage Fittings—DWV...... 56.60–1 approved material is on file at the Of- ANSI B16.34–88 Valves-Flanged, fice of the Federal Register, 800 North Threaded and Welding End...56.20–1; 56.60– Capitol Street, NW., suite 700, Wash- 1 ington, DC, and is available from the ANSI B16.42–87 Ductile Iron Pipe sources indicated in paragraph (b). Flanges and Flanged Fittings, (b) The standards and specifications Classes 150 and 300 ...... 56.60–1 approved for incorporation by ref- ANSI B18.2.1–81 Square and Hex Bolts erence in this part, and the sections af- and Screws, Inch Series.....56.25–20; 56.60–1 ANSI B18.2.2–87 Square and Hex Nuts fected are: ...... 56.25–20; 56.60–1 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE ANSI B31.1–86 Power Piping ...... 56.01–5 (ANSI) ANSI B36.10M–85 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe ...... 56.07–5; 56.30–20; 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036 56.60–1 ANSI B1.1–82 Unified Inch Screw ANSI B36.19M–85 Stainless Steel Pipe Threads (UN and UNR Thread ...... 56.07–5; 56.60–1 Form) ...... 56.60–1; 56.25–20 AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ANSI B1.20.1–83 Pipe Threads, General ENGINEERS (ASME) INTERNATIONAL Purpose (Inch) ...... 56.60–1 ANSI B1.20.3–76 (reaffirmed 1982) Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016—5990 Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch) ...... 56.60–1 ANSI B16.1–75 Cast Iron Flanges and Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Flanged Fittings, Class 25, 125, 250 Section I, Power Boilers, 1986 with and 800 ...... 56.60–1; 56.60–10 addenda56.15–5; 56.15–10; 56.60–1; ANSI B16.3–85 Malleable Iron Thread- 56.60–1; 56.70–15; 56.95–10 56.15–1 ed Fittings, Classes 150 and 300 ...... 56.60–1 ANSI B16.4–85 Cast Iron Threaded Fit- Section VIII, Division 1, Pressure tings, Classes 125 and 250 ...... 56.60–1 Vessels, 1986 with addenda ...56.15–1; 56.15– ANSI B16.5–81 Pipe Flanges and 5; 56.15–10; 56.25–5; 56.30–10; 56.30–30; 56.60– Flanged Fittings ...56.25–20; 56.30–10; 56.60– 15; 56.60–1; 56.95–10 1 Section IX, Welding and Brazing ANSI B16.9–86 Factory-Made Wrought Qualifications, 1986 with addenda Steel Buttwelding Fittings...... 56.60–1 ...... 56.70–5; 56.70–20; 56.75–20; 56.85–10 ANSI B16.10–86 Face-to-Face and End- AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND to-End Dimensions of Ferrous MATERIALS (ASTM) Valves ...... 56.60–1 ANSI B16.11–80 Forged Steel Fittings, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA Socket-Welding and Threaded ...... 56.30–5; 19428–2959. 56.60–1 ANSI B16.14–83 Ferrous Pipe Plugs, ASTM A 36/A 36M–97a, Standard Speci- Bushings, and Locknuts with Pipe fication for Carbon Structural Threads...... 56.60–1 Steel...... 56.30–10 ANSI B16.15–85 Cast Bronze Threaded ASTM A 47–90 (1995), Standard Speci- Fittings, Classes 125 and 250 ...... 56.60–1 fication for Ferritic Malleable Iron ANSI B16.18–84 Cast Copper Alloy Sol- Castings ...... 56.60–1 der Joint Pressure Fittings ...... 56.60–1 ASTM A 53–98, Standard Specification ANSI B16.20–73 Ring-Joint Gaskets for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot- and Grooves for Steel Pipe Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Flantion VIII, Division 1, Pressure Seamless ...... 56.10–5; 56.60–1 Vessels, 1986 with addenda ...56.15–1; 56.15– ASTM A 106–95, Standard Specifica- 5; 56.15–10; 56.25–5; 56.30–10; 56.30–30; 56.60– tion for Seamless Carbon Steel 15; 56.60–1; 56.95–10 Pipe for High-Temperature Service Section IX, Welding and Brazing ...... 56.60–1
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ASTM A 126–95, Standard Specifica- tenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, tion for Gray Iron Castings for Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings Tubes ...... 56.60–1 ...... 56.60–1 ASTM A 268/A 268M–96, Standard Spec- ASTM A 134–96, Standard Specifica- ification for Seamless and Welded tion for Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fu- Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless sion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16 Steel Tubing for General Service and Over) ...... 56.60–1 ...... 56.60–1 ASTM A 135–97c, Standard Specifica- ASTM A 276–98, Standard Specifica- tion for Electric-Resistance-Weld- tion for Stainless Steel Bars and ed Steel Pipe...... 56.60–1 Shapes ...... 56.60–2 ASTM A 139–96, Standard Specifica- ASTM A 307–97, Standard Specifica- tion for Electric-Fusion (Arc)- tion for Carbon Steel Bolts and Welded Steel Pipe (NPS 4 and Studs, 60,000 PSI Tensile Strength Over) ...... 56.60–1 ...... 56.25–20 ASTM A 178/A 178M–95, Standard Spec- ASTM A 312/A 312M–95a, Standard ification for Electric-Resistance- Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon- Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Manganese Steel Boiler and Super- Pipes ...... 56.50–105; 56.60–1 heater Tubes ...... 56.60–1 ASTM A 320/A 320M–97, Standard Spec- ASTM A 179/A 179M–90a (1996), Stand- ification for Alloy/Steel Bolting ard Specification for Seamless Materials for Low-Temperature Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Service...... 56.50–105 Heat-Exchanger and Condenser ASTM A 333/A 333M–94, Standard Spec- Tubes ...... 56.60–1 ification for Seamless and Welded ASTM A 182/A 182M–97c, Standard Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature Specification for Forged or Rolled Service...... 56.50–105; 56.60–1 Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged ASTM A 334/A 334M–96, Standard Spec- Fittings, and Valves and Parts for ification for Seamless and Welded High-Temperature Service ...... 56.50–105 Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for ASTM A 192/A 192M–91 (1996), Standard Low-Temperature Service ...... 56.50–105; Specification for Seamless Carbon 56.60–1 Steel Boiler Tubes for High-Pres- ASTM A 335/A 335M–95a, Standard sure Service ...... 56.60–1 Specification for Seamless Fer- ASTM A 194/A 194M–98b, Standard ritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High- Specification for Carbon and Alloy Temperature Service ...... 56.60–1 Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pres- ASTM A 350/A 350M–97, Standard Spec- sure or High Temperature Service, ification for Carbon and Low-Alloy or Both...... 56.50–105 Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch ASTM A 197–87 (1992), Standard Speci- Toughness Testing for Piping fication for Cupola Malleable Iron Components ...... 56.50–105 ...... 56.60–1 ASTM A 351/A 351M–94a, Standard ASTM A 210/A 210M–96, Standard Spec- Specification for Castings, Aus- ification for Seamless Medium- tenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Du- Carbon Steel Boiler and Super- plex), for Pressure-Containing heater Tubes ...... 56.60–1 Parts...... 56.50–105 ASTM A 213/A 213M–95a, Standard ASTM A 352/A 352M–93 (1998), Standard Specification for Seamless Fer- Specification for Steel Castings, ritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pres- Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Ex- sure-Containing Parts, Suitable changer Tubes...... 56.60–1 for Low-Temperature Service...... 56.50–105 ASTM A 214/A 214M–96, Standard Spec- ASTM A 358/A 358M–95a, Standard ification for Electric-Resistance- Specification for Electric-Fusion- Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Ex- Welded Austenitic Chromium- changer and Condenser Tubes...... 56.60–1 Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High- ASTM A 226/A 226M–95, Standard Spec- Temperature Service ...... 56.60–1 ification for Electric-Resistance- ASTM A 369/A 369M–92, Standard Spec- Welded Carbon Steel Boiler and ification for Carbon and Ferritic Superheater Tubes for High-Pres- Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe sure Service ...... 56.60–1 for High-Temperature Service ...... 56.60–1 ASTM A 234/A 234M–97, Standard Spec- ASTM A 376/A 376M–96, Standard Spec- ification for Piping Fittings of ification for Seamless Austenitic Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Steel for Moderate and High Tem- Central-Station Service ...56.07–10; 56.60–1; perature Service ...... 56.60–1 56.60–2 ASTM A 249/A 249M–96a, Standard ASTM A 395/A 395M–98, Standard Spec- Specification for Welded Aus- ification for Ferritic Ductile Iron
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Pressure-Retaining Castings for tion for Copper and Copper-Alloy Use at Elevated Temperatures .....56.50–60; Seamless Condenser Tubes and 56.60–1; 56.60–15 Ferrule Stock ...... 56.60–1 ASTM A 403/A 403M–98, Standard Spec- ASTM B 124–96, Standard Specifica- ification for Wrought Austenitic tion for Copper and Copper Alloy Stainless Steel Piping Fittings ...... 56.60–1 Forging Rod, Bar, and Shapes ...... 56.60–2 ASTM A 420/A 420M–96a, Standard ASTM B 161–93, Standard Specifica- Specification for Piping Fittings tion for Nickel Seamless Pipe and of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Tube...... 56.60–1 Steel for Low-Temperature Serv- ASTM B 165–93, Standard Specifica- ice ...... 56.50–105; 56.60–1 tion of Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS ASTM A 520–97, Standard Specifica- NO4400) Seamless Pipe and Tube tion for Supplementary Require- ...... 56.60–1 ments for Seamless and Electric- ASTM B 167–97a, Standard Specifica- Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel tion for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Al- Tubular Products for High-Tem- loys (UNS NO6600, NO6601, NO6603, perature Service Conforming to NO6690, NO6025, and NO6045) Seam- ISO Recommendations for Boiler less Pipe and Tube ...... 56.60–1 Construction...... 56.60–1 ASTM B 171–95, Standard Specifica- ASTM A 522/A 522M–95b, Standard tion for Copper-Alloy Plate and Specification for Forged or Rolled Sheet for Pressure Vessels, Con- 8 and 9% Nickel Alloy Steel densers, and Heat Exchangers ...... 56.60–2 Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and ASTM B 210–95, Standard Specifica- Parts for Low-Temperature Serv- tion for Aluminum and Alu- ice ...... 56.50–105 minum-Alloy Drawn Seamless ASTM A 536–84 (1993), Standard Speci- Tubes ...... 56.60–1 fication for Ductile Iron Castings ASTM B 234–95, Standard Specifica- ...... 56.60–1 tion for Aluminum and Alu- ASTM A 575–96, Standard Specifica- minum-Alloy Drawn Seamless tion for Steel Bars, Carbon, Mer- Tubes for Condensers and Heat Ex- chant Quality, M-Grades ...... 56.60–2 changers ...... 56.60–1 ASTM A 576–90b (1995), Standard Spec- ASTM B 241/B 241M–96, Standard Spec- ification for Steel Bars, Carbon, ification for Aluminum and Alu- Hot-Wrought, Special Quality ...... 56.60–2 ASTM B 16–92, Standard Specification minum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and for Free-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar, Seamless Extruded Tube ...... 56.60–1 and Shapes for Use in Screw Ma- ASTM B 280–97, Standard Specifica- chines ...... 56.60–2 tion for Seamless Copper Tube for ASTM B 21–96, Standard Specification Air Conditioning and Refrigera- for Naval Brass Rod, Bar, and tion Field Service ...... 56.60–1 Shapes ...... 56.60–2 ASTM B 283–96, Standard Specifica- ASTM B 26/B 26M–97, Standard Speci- tion for Copper and Copper-Alloy fication for Aluminum-Alloy Sand Die Forgings (Hot-Pressed)...... 56.60–2 Castings ...... 56.60–2 ASTM B 315–93, Standard Specifica- ASTM B 42–96, Standard Specification tion for Seamless Copper Alloy for Seamless Copper Pipe, Stand- Pipe and Tube ...... 56.60–1 ard Sizes ...... 56.60–1 ASTM B 361–95, Standard Specifica- ASTM B 43–96, Standard Specification tion for Factory-Made Wrought for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Standard Sizes ...... 56.60–1 Welding Fittings...... 56.60–1 ASTM B 68–95, Standard Specification ASTM B 858M–95, Standard Test Meth- for Seamless Copper Tube, Bright od for Determination of Suscepti- Annealed...... 56.60–1 bility to Stress Corrosion Crack- ASTM B 75–97, Standard Specification ing in Copper Alloys Using an Am- for Seamless Copper Tube...... 56.60–1 monia Vapor Test ...... 56.60–2 ASTM B 85–96, Standard Specification ASTM D 635–97, Standard Test Method for Aluminum-Alloy Die Castings for Rate of Burning and/or Extent ...... 56.60–2 and Time of Burning of Plastics in ASTM B 88–96, Standard Specification a Horizontal Position ...... 56.60–25 for Seamless Copper Water Tube ASTM D 1785–96b, Standard Specifica- ...... 56.60–1 tion for Poly (Vinyl Chlo- ASTM B 96–93, Standard Specification ride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules for Copper-Silicon Alloy Plate, 40, 80, and 120 ...... 56.60–25 Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar for ASTM D 2241–96b, Standard Specifica- General Purposes and Pressure tion for Poly (Vinyl Chlo- Vessels ...... 56.60–2 ride)(PVC) Pressure-Rated Pipe ASTM B 111–95, Standard Specifica- (SDR Series)...... 56.60–25
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ASTM D 2464–96a, Standard Specifica- tings in Piping Applications above tion for Threaded Poly (Vinyl 0 Degrees F ...... 56.60–1 Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe Fit- ASTM F 1387–93, Standard Specifica- tings Schedule 80...... 56.60–25 tion for Performance of Mechani- ASTM D 2466–97, Standard Specifica- cally Attached Fittings...... 56.30–25 tion for Poly (Vinyl Chlo- ASTM F 1476–95a, Standard Specifica- ride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, tion for Performance of Gasketed Schedule 40...... 56.60–25 Mechanical Couplings for Use in ASTM D 2467–96a, Standard Specifica- Piping Applications...... 56.30–35 tion for Poly (Vinyl Chlo- ASTM F 1548–94, Standard Specifica- ride)(PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, tion for the Performance of Fit- Schedule 80...... 56.60–25 tings for Use with Gasketed Me- ASTM D 2665–97b, Standard Specifica- chanical Couplings, Used in Piping tion for Poly (Vinyl Chlo- Applications ...... 56.30–35 ride)(PVC)Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings ...... 56.60–25 EXPANSION JOINT MANUFACTURERS ASTM D 2863–95, Standard Test Meth- ASSOCIATION INC. (EJMA) od for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen Concentration to Support 25 North Broadway, Tarrytown, NY 10591 Candle-like Combustion of Plas- Standards of the Expansion Joint tics (Oxygen Index) ...... 56.60–25 Manufacturers Association, 1980.....56.60–1 ASTM E 23–96, Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION Metallic Materials ...... 56.50–105 (IMO), PUBLICATIONS SECTION, ASTM F 682–82a (1993), Standard Spec- ification for Wrought Carbon Steel 4 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7SR United Sleeve-Type Pipe Couplings...... 56.60–1 Kingdom ASTM F 1006–86 (1992), Standard Speci- Resolution A.753(18) Guidelines for the fication for Entrainment Separa- Application of Plastic Pipes on tors for Use in Marine Piping Ap- Ships ...... 56.60–25 plications...... 56.60–1 ASTM F 1007–86 (1996), Standard Speci- FLUID CONTROLS INSTITUTE INC. (FCI) fication for Pipe-Line Expansion Joints of the Packed Slip Type for 31 South Street, Suite 303, Morristown, NJ 07960 Marine Application...... 56.60–1 FCI 69–1 Pressure Rating Standard for ASTM F 1020–86 (1996), Standard Speci- Steam Traps ...... 56.60–1 fication for Line-Blind Valves for Marine Applications ...... 56.60–1 MANUFACTURERS STANDARDIZATION SOCIETY ASTM F 1120–87 (1993), Standard Speci- OF THE VALVE AND FITTINGS INDUSTRY, INC. fication for Circular Metallic Bel- (MSS) lows Type Expansion Joints for 127 Park Street NE, Vienna, VA 22180 Piping Applications ...... 56.60–1 ASTM F 1123–87 (1993), Standard Speci- SP–6–85 Standard Finishes for Contact fication for Non-Metallic Expan- Faces of Pipe Flanges and Con- sion Joints ...... 56.60–1 necting-End Flanges of Valves and ASTM F 1139–88 (1993), Standard Speci- Fittings ...... 56.25–10; 56.60–1 fication for Steam Traps and SP–9–87 Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron Drains ...... 56.60–2 and Steel Flanges ...... 56.60–1 ASTM F 1172–88 (1993), Standard Speci- SP–25–88 Standard Marking System fication for Fuel Oil Meters of the for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Volumetric Positive Displacement Unions...... 56.15–1; 56.20–5; 56.60–1 Type...... 56.60–1 SP–44–85 Steel Pipe Line Flanges ...... 56.60–1 ASTM F 1173–95, Standard Specifica- SP–45–87 Bypass and Drain Connection tion for Thermosetting Resin Fi- Standard...... 56.20–20; 56.60–1 berglass Pipe and Fittings to be SP–51–86 Class 150LW Corrosion Re- Used for Marine Applications ...... 56.60–1 sistant Cast Flanges and Flanged ASTM F 1199–88 (1993), Standard Speci- Fittings ...... 56.60–1 fication for Cast (All Temperature SP–53–85 Quality Standard for Steel and Pressures) and Welded Pipe Castings and Forgings for Valves, Line Strainers (150 psig and 150 De- Flanges and Fittings and Other grees F Maximum)...... 56.60–1 Piping Components—Magnetic ASTM F 1200–88 (1993), Standard Speci- Particle Examination Method ...... 56.60–1 fication for Fabricated (Welded) SP–55–85 Quality Standard for Steel Pipe Line Strainers (Above 150 Castings for Valves, Flanges and psig and 150 Degrees F) ...... 56.60–1 Fittings and Other Piping Compo- ASTM F 1201–88 (1993), Standard Speci- nents—Visual Method...... 56.60–1 fication for Fluid Conditioner Fit- SP–58–83 Pipe Hangers and Supports—
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Materials, Design and Manufac- quirements in this part. The provisions ture...... 56.60–1 in the appendices to ANSI–B31.1 are SP–61–85 Pressure Testing of Steel adopted and shall be followed when the Valves ...... 56.60–1 requirements in ANSI–B31.1 or the reg- SP–67–83 Butterfly Valves...... 56.60–1 SP–69–83 Pipe Hangers and Supports— ulations in this part make them man- Selection and Application ...... 56.60–1 datory. For general information Table SP–72–87 Ball Valves with Flanged or 56.01–5(a) lists the various paragraphs, Butt-Welding Ends for General etc., in ANSI–B31.1 which are limited, Service...... 56.60–1 modified, replaced, or reproduced by SP–73–86 Brazing Joints for Wrought regulations in this part. and Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings ...... 56.60–1 TABLE 56.01±5(A)ÐLIMITATIONS AND MODIFICA- SP–83–87 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket- TIONS IN THE ADOPTION OF ANSI±B31.1 Welding and Threaded ...... 56.60–1 CODE FOR PRESSURE AND POWER PIPING SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS (SAE) Section or paragraph in ANSI± Unit in this part 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, Pa 15096 B31.1, and disposition J1475–84 Hydraulic Hose Fittings for 100.1 replaced by ...... 56.01±1. Marine Applications...... 56.60–25 100.2 modified by ...... 56.07±5. J1942–89 Hose and Hose Assemblies for 101 through 104.7 modified by ...... 56.07±10. 101.2 modified by ...... 56.07±10(a), (b). Marine Applications...... 56.60–25 101.5 replaced by ...... 56.07±10(c). [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40599, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 102.2 modified by ...... 56.07±10(d). 39968, Oct. 1, 1990, as amended by CGD 88–032, 102.2.5(d) replaced by ...... 56.50±40. 56 FR 35822, July 29, 1991; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 102.3 and 104.1.2 modified by ...... 56.07±10(e). 104.3 modified by ...... 56.07±10(f). 48049, Sept. 18, 1995; CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26000, 104.4 modified by ...... 56.07±10(e). May 23, 1996; CGD 96–041, 61 FR 50728, Sept. 104.5.1 modified by ...... 56.30±10. 27, 1996; CGD 97–057, 62 FR 51044, Sept. 30, 105 through 108 replaced by ...... 56.10±1 through 56.25± 1997; CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51200, Sept. 30, 1997; 20. USCG–1999–6216, 64 FR 53224, Oct. 1, 1999; 110 through 118 replaced by ...... 56.30±1 through 56.30± USCG–1999–5151, 64 FR 67178, Dec. 1, 1999] 35. 119.5.1 replaced by ...... 56.35±10, 56.35±15, § 56.01–3 Power boiler external piping 56.35±35. (Replaces 100.1.1, 100.1.2, 111.6, 119.7 replaced by ...... 56.35±1. 122.3 modified by ...... 56.50±97. 122.1, 132 and 133). 122.6 through 122.10 replaced by 56.50±1 through 56.50± (a) Power boiler external piping and 80. components must meet the require- 123 replaced by ...... 56.60±1. Table 126.1 is replaced by ...... 56.30±5(c)(3), 56.60±1. ments of this part and §§ 52.01–105, 52.01– 127 through 135.4 replaced by ...... 56.65±1, 56.70±1 110, 52.01–115, and 52.01–120 of this chap- through 56.90±10. ter. 136 replaced by ...... 56.95±1 through 56.95± 10. (b) Specific requirements for power 137 replaced by ...... 56.97±1 through 56.97± boiler external piping and appur- 40. tenances, as defined in §§ 100.1.1 and 100.1.2, appearing in the various para- (b) When a section or paragraph of graphs of ANSI B31.1, are not adopted the regulations in this part relates to unless specifically indicated elsewhere material in ANSI–B31.1 Code (American in this part. National Standard Code for Pressure Piping, Power Piping), the relationship [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 39968, Oct. 1, 1990] with this code will be shown imme- diately following the heading of the § 56.01–5 Adoption of ANSI (American section or at the beginning of the para- National Standards Institute) Code graph as follows: B31.1 for pressure and power pip- (1) (Modifies lll.) This indicates ing, and other standards. that the material in the ANSI–B31.1 so (a) Piping systems for ships and numbered for identification is gen- barges shall be designed, constructed, erally applicable but is being altered, and inspected in accordance with B31.1, amplified or augmented. the ‘‘Code for Pressure Piping, Power (2) (Replaces lll.) This indicates Piping,’’ of the ANSI (American Na- that the material in the ANSI–B31.1 so tional Standards Institute), as limited, numbered for identification does not modified, or replaced by specific re- apply.
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(3) (Reproduces lll.) This indicates (v) Fire extinguishing systems in- that the material in the ANSI–B31.1 so cluding fire main and sprinkler piping, numbered for identification is being inert gas and foam. identically reproduced for convenience, (vi) Bilge and ballast piping. not for emphasis. (vii) Tank cleaning piping. (c) As stated in § 50.15–10 of this chap- (viii) Condenser circulating water ter, the standards of the ANSI (Amer- piping. ican National Standards Institute) spe- (ix) Vent, sound and overflow piping. cifically referred to in this part shall (x) Sanitary drains, soil drains, deck be the governing requirements for the drains, and overboard discharge piping. subject matters covered unless specifi- (xi) Internal combustion engine ex- cally limited, modified or replaced by haust piping. (Refer to part 58 of this other regulations in this subchapter. subchapter for requirements.) See § 56.60–1(b) for the other adopted (xii) Cargo piping. commercial standards applicable to (xiii) Hot water heating systems if piping systems which also form a part the temperature is greater than 121 of this subchapter. °C(250 °F). (xiv) Compressed air piping. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, (xv) Fluid power and control systems 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; (hydraulic, pneumatic). (Refer to sub- CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40164, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77– part 58.30 of this subchapter for specific 140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989] requirements.) (xvi) Lubricating oil piping. § 56.01–10 Plan approval. (xvii) Refrigeration and air condi- (a) Plans and specifications for new tioning piping. (Refer to part 58 of this construction and major alterations subchapter for specific requirements.) showing the respective piping systems (2) Arrangement drawings of the fol- shall be submitted, as required by sub- lowing systems shall also be submitted part 50.20 of this subchapter. prior to installation: (b) Piping materials and appliances, (i) All Classes I, I–L, and II–L sys- such as pipe, tubing, fittings, flanges, tems. and valves, except safety valves and (ii) All Class II firemain, foam, sprin- safety relief valves covered in part 162 kler, bilge and ballast, vent sounding of subchapter Q (Specifications) of this and overflow systems. chapter, are not required to be specifi- (iii) Other Class II systems only if cally approved by the Commandant, specifically requested or required by regulations in this subchapter. but shall comply with the applicable requirements for materials, construc- (d)(1) The drawings or diagrams shall include a list of material, furnishing tion, markings, and testing. These ma- pipe diameters, wall thicknesses, de- terials and appliances shall be certified sign pressure, fluid temperature, appli- as described in part 50 of this sub- cable ASTM material or ANSI compo- chapter. Drawings listing material nent specification, type, size, design specifications and showing details of standard, and rating of valves, flanges, welded joints for pressure-containing and fittings. appurtenances of welded construction (2) Pump rated capacity and pump shall be submitted in accordance with shutoff head shall appear on piping dia- paragraph (a) of this section. grams. Pump characteristic curves (c)(1) Prior to installation aboard shall be submitted for all pumps in the ship, diagrams of the following systems firemain and foam systems. These shall be submitted for approval: curves need not be submitted if the fol- (i) Steam and exhaust piping. lowing information is shown on the (ii) Boiler feed and blowoff piping. drawing: (iii) Safety valve escape piping. (i) Rated capacity and head at rated (iv) Fuel oil service, transfer and fill- capacity. ing piping. (Service includes boiler fuel (ii) Shutoff head. and internal combustion engine fuel (iii) Head at 150 percent rated capac- piping.) ity.
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(3) Standard drawings of the fol- (4) A dynamic analysis is neither re- lowing fabrication details shall be sub- quired nor elected in lieu of allowable mitted: stress reduction. (i) Welding details for piping connec- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as tions. amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, (ii) Welding details for nonstandard 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; fittings (when appropriate). CGD 73–251, 43 FR 56799, Dec. 4, 1978, CGD 77– (d–1) Plans of piping for industrial 140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 systems on mobile offshore drilling FR 48049, Sept. 18, 1995] units must be submitted under subpart 58.60 of this subchapter. Subpart 56.04—Piping (e) Where piping passes through wa- Classification tertight bulkheads and/or fire bound- aries, plans of typical details of piping § 56.04–1 Scope. penetrations shall be submitted. Piping shall be classified as shown in (f) Arrangement drawings specified in Table 56.04–1. paragraph (c)(2) of this section are not required if— TABLE 56.04±1ÐPIPING CLASSIFICATIONS (1) The location of each component Section in for which there is a location require- Service Class this part ment (i.e., shell penetration, fire sta- Normal ...... I, II ...... 56.04±2 tion, foam monitor, etc.) is indicated Low temperature ...... I±L, II±L ...... 56.50±105 on the piping diagram; (2) The diagram includes, or is ac- [CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973, as companied by and makes reference to, amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, a material schedule which describes 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48049, Sept. 18, 1995] components in sufficient detail to sub- stantiate their compliance with the § 56.04–2 Piping classification accord- regulations of this subchapter; ing to service. (3) A thermal stress analysis is not The designation of classes according required; and to service is found in Table 56.04–2.
TABLE 56.04±2ÐPRESSURE PIPING CLASSIFICATION
Service Class 1 Pressure (p.s.i.g.) Temp. (°F)
Class B and C poisons 2 ...... I ...... any ...... and ...... 0 and above. I±L ...... any ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... (3 ) ...... (3 ) ...... (3 ) II±L ...... (3 ) ...... (3 ) ...... (3 ) Gases and vapors 2 ...... I ...... above 150 ...... or ...... above 650. I±L ...... above 150 ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... 0 to 650. II±L ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... below 0. Liquefied flammable gases 2 ...... I ...... above 150 ...... and ...... 0 and above. 1 I±L ...... above 150 ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... 0 and above. II±L ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... below 0. Molten sulphur ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 330. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 330 and below. Cargo liquids Grades A through D 2 ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 150. I±L ...... above 225 ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 0 to 150. II±L ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... below 0. Cargo liquids Grade E ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. I±L ...... above 225 ...... and ...... below 0. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 0 to 400. II±L ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... below 0. Water ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 350. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 350 and below. Fuels (Bunker, diesel, gasoline, etc.) ...... I ...... above 150 ...... or ...... above 150. II ...... 150 and below ...... and ...... 150 and below. Lubricating oil ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 400 and below. Asphalt ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 400 and below. Heat transfer oil ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400.
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TABLE 56.04±2ÐPRESSURE PIPING CLASSIFICATIONÐContinued
Service Class 1 Pressure (p.s.i.g.) Temp. (°F)
II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 400 and below. Hydraulic fluid ...... I ...... above 225 ...... or ...... above 400. II ...... 225 and below ...... and ...... 400 and below.
Flammable or combustible dangerous cargoes...... Refer to specific requirements of part 40 of this chapter. Other dangerous cargoes...... Refer to specific requirements of part 98 of this chapter.
1 Where doubt exists as to proper classification, refer to the Commandant for resolution. 2 For definitions, see 46 CFR parts 30, 151, and 154. Note that the category ``B and C'' poisons is not used in the rules apply- ing to self-propelled vessels (46 CFR part 153). 3 Not permitted except inside cargo tanks approved for Class B and C poisons. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40164, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 73–96, 42 FR 49024, Sept. 26, 1977]
§ 56.04–10 Other systems. to pressure containing piping system Piping systems and appurtenances components other than valves and pipe. not requiring plan approval may be ac- This includes piping system compo- cepted by the marine inspector if: nents whose function is to join (a) The system is suitable for the branches of the system (such as tees, service intended, wyes, elbows, unions, bushings, etc.) (b) There are guards, shields, insula- which are referred to as pipe joining tion and similar devices where needed fittings, as well as components which for protection of personnel, operate on the fluid contained in the (c) Failure of the systems would not system (such as traps, drains, strain- hazard the vessel, personnel or vital ers, separators, filters, meters, etc.), systems, and which are referred to as ‘‘fluid condi- (d) The system is not manifestly un- tioner’’ fittings. Thermometer wells safe. and other similar fittings which form [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989] part of the pressure barrier of any sys- tem are included under this heading. Subpart 56.07—Design Expansion joints, slip joints, rotary joints, quick disconnect couplings, etc., § 56.07–5 Definitions (modifies 100.2). are referred to as special purpose fit- (a) Piping. The definitions contained tings, and may be subject to such spe- in 100.2 of ANSI–B31.1 apply, as well as cial design and testing requirements as the following: prescribed by the Commandant. Refer (1) The word piping within the mean- to subpart 56.15 for design require- ing of the regulations in this sub- ments for fittings. chapter refers to fabricated pipes or (e) Nonstandard fittings. ‘‘Non- tubes with flanges and fittings at- standard fitting’’ means a component tached, for use in the conveyance of va- of a piping system which is not fab- pors, gases or liquids, regardless of ricated under an adopted industry whether the diameter is measured on standard. the inside or the outside. (b) Nominal diameter. The term nomi- (f) Vital system. A vital system is one nal diameter or diameter as used in this which is essential to the safety of the part, means the commercial diameter vessel, its passengers and crew. of the piping, i.e., pipe size. (g) Plate flange. The term plate flange, (c) Schedule. The word Schedule when as used in this subchapter, means a used in this part refers to specific val- flange made from plate material, and ues as given in American National may have a raised face and/or a raised Standards B36.10 and B36.19. hub. (d) Fittings and appurtenances. The [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as word fitting and the phrase fittings and amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, appurtenances within the meaning of 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989] the regulations in this subchapter refer
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§ 56.07–10 Design conditions and cri- to the Marine Safety Center for ap- teria (modifies 101–104.7). proval. (a) Maximum allowable working pres- (2) Boiler blowoff piping must be de- sure (modifies 101.2). (1) The maximum signed in accordance with § 56.50–40 of allowable working pressure of a piping this part. system shall not be greater than the (e) Pressure design (modifies 102.3, internal design pressure defined in 104.1.2 and 104.4). (1) Materials for use 104.1.2 of ANSI–B31.1. in piping must be selected as described (2) Where the maximum allowable in in § 56.60–1(a) of this part. Tabulated working pressure of a system compo- allowable stress values for these mate- nent, such as a valve or a fitting, is rials shall be measured as indicated in less than that computed for the pipe or 102.3.1 of ANSI–B–31.1, Tables 56.60–1 tubing, the system pressure shall be and 56.60–2(a). limited to the lowest of the component (2) Allowable stress values, as found maximum allowable working pressures. in the ASME Code, which are restricted (b) Relief valves (modifies 101.2). (1) in application by footnote or are Every system which may be exposed to italicized shall not be used. Where mul- pressures higher than the system’s tiple stresses are listed for a material, maximum allowable working pressure the lowest value of the listing shall be shall be safeguarded by appropriate re- used unless otherwise approved by the lief devices. (See § 52.01–3 of this sub- Commandant. In all cases the tempera- chapter for definitions.) Relief valves ture is understood to be the actual are required at pump discharges except temperature of the component. for centrifugal pumps so designed and (3) Where the operator desires to use applied that a pressure in excess of the a material not listed, permission must maximum allowable working pressure be obtained from the Commandant. Re- for the system cannot be developed. quirements for testing found in § 56.97– (2) The relief valve setting shall not 40(a)(2) and § 56.97–40(a)(4) may affect exceed the maximum allowable work- design and should be considered. Spe- ing pressure of the system. Its reliev- cial design limitations may be found ing capacity shall be sufficient to pre- for specific systems. Refer to subpart vent the pressure from rising more 56.50 for specific requirements. than 20 percent above the system max- imum allowable working pressure. The (f) Intersections (modifies 104.3). The rated relieving capacity of safety and material of ANSI–B31.1 in 104.3 is appli- relief valves used in the protection of cable with the following additions: piping systems only shall be based on (1) Reinforcement calculations where actual flow test data and the capacity applicable shall be submitted. shall be certified by the manufacturer (2) Wherever possible the longitu- at 120 percent of the set pressure of the dinal joint of a welded pipe should not valve. be pierced. (3) Relief valves shall be certified as [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as required in part 50 of this subchapter amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, for valves, and shall also meet the re- 1970; 37 FR 16803, Aug. 19, 1972; CGD 73–254, 40 quirements of § 54.15–10 of this sub- FR 40164, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, 54 FR chapter. 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, (c) Ship motion dynamic effects Sept. 18, 1995; CGD 95–028 62 FR 51200, Sept. (replaces 101.5.3). Piping system designs 30, 1997; USCG–1998–4442, 63 FR 52190, Sept. 30, shall account for the effects of ship mo- 1998] tion and flexure, including weight, yaw, sway, roll, pitch, heave, and vi- Subpart 56.10—Components bration. (d) Pressure temperature ratings § 56.10–1 Selection and limitations of (modifies 102.2). The material in 102.2 of piping components (replaces 105 ANSI–B31.1 is applicable with the fol- through 108). lowing exceptions: (a) Pipe, tubing, pipe joining fittings, (1) The details of components not and piping system components, shall having specific ratings as described in meet material and standard require- 102.2.2 of ANSI B31.1 must be furnished ments of subpart 56.60 and shall meet
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the certification requirements of part Subpart 56.15—Fittings 50 of this subchapter.
(b) The requirements in this subpart SOURCE: CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, and subparts 56.15 through 56.25 shall 1989, unless otherwise noted. be followed in lieu of those in 105 through 108 in ANSI–B31.1; however, § 56.15–1 Pipe joining fittings. certain requirements are marked ‘‘re- (a) Pipe joining fittings certified in produced.’’ accordance with subpart 50.25 of this subchapter are acceptable for use in [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as piping systems. amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, (b) Threaded, flanged, socket-weld- 1970] ing, buttwelding, and socket-brazing § 56.10–5 Pipe. pipe joining fittings, made in accord- ance with the applicable standards in (a) General. Pipe and tubing shall be Tables 56.60–1(a) and 56.60–1(b) of this selected as described in Table 56.60– part and of materials complying with 1(a). subpart 56.60 of this part, may be used (b) Ferrous pipe. ASTM Specification in piping systems within the material, A 53 (incorporated by reference, see size, pressure, and temperature limita- § 56.01–2) furnace welded pipe shall not tions of those standards and within any be used for combustible or flammable further limitations specified in this liquids within machinery spaces. (See subchapter. Fittings must be designed §§ 30.10–15 and 30.10–22 of this chapter.) for the maximum pressure to which (c) Nonferrous pipe. (See also § 56.60– they may be subjected, but in no case 20.) (1) Copper and brass pipe for water less than 50 pounds per square inch gage. and steam service may be used for de- (c) Pipe joining fittings not accepted sign pressures up to 250 pounds per for use in piping systems in accordance square inch and for design tempera- with paragraph (b) of this section must ° tures to 406 F. meet the following: (2) Copper and brass pipe for air may (1) All pressure-containing materials be used in accordance with the allow- must be accepted in accordance with able stresses found from Table 56.60– § 56.60–1 of this part. 1(a). (2) Fittings must be designed so that (2–a) Copper-nickel alloys may be the maximum allowable working pres- used for water and steam service with- sure does not exceed one-fourth of the in the design stress and temperature burst pressure or produce a primary limitations indicated in ANSI–B31.1. stress greater than one-fourth of the (3) Copper tubing may be used for ultimate tensile strength of the mate- dead-end instrument service up to 1,000 rial for Class II systems and for all pounds per square inch. Class I, I–L, and II–L systems receiving (4) Copper, brass, or aluminum pipe ship motion dynamic analysis and non- or tube shall not be used for flammable destructive examination. For Class I, I– fluids except where specifically per- L, or II–L systems not receiving ship motion dynamic analysis and non- mitted by this part. destructive examination under § 56.07– (5) Aluminum alloy pipe or tube may 10(c) of this part, the maximum allow- be used within the limitation stated in able working pressure must not exceed 123.2.7 of ANSI–B31.1 and paragraph (4) one-fifth of the burst pressure or of this section (c)5. produce a primary stress greater than (d) Nonmetallic pipe. Plastic pipe may one-fifth of the ultimate tensile be used subject to the conditions de- strength of the material. The max- scribed in § 56.60–25. imum allowable working pressure may [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as be determined by— amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, (i) Calculations comparable to those 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; of ANSI B31.1 or Section VIII of the CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95– ASME Code; 028, 62 FR 51200, Sept. 30, 1997; USCG–2000– (ii) Subjecting a representative 7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000] model to a proof test or experimental
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stress analysis described in paragraph determined by the applicable pipe ma- A–22 of Section I of the ASME Code; or terial specification; and (iii) Other means specifically accept- (E) If a fitting fails to meet the test ed by the Marine Safety Center. in paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(C) or (c)(4)(ii)(D) (3) Fittings must be tested in accord- of this section, no fitting in the lot ance with § 56.97–5 of this part. from which the test fitting was chosen (4) If welded, fittings must be welded is acceptable. in accordance with subpart 56.70 of this (d) Single welded butt joints without part and part 57 of this chapter or by the use of backing strips may be em- other processes specifically approved ployed in the fabrication of pipe join- by the Marine Safety Center. In addi- ing fittings of welded construction pro- tion, for fittings to be accepted for use vided radiographic examination indi- in piping systems in accordance with cates that complete penetration is ob- this paragraph, the following require- tained. ments must be met: (e) Each pipe joining fitting must be (i) For fittings sized three inches and marked in accordance with MSS below— Standard SP–25. (A) The longitudinal joints must be fabricated by either gas or arc welding; § 56.15–5 Fluid-conditioner fittings. (B) One fitting of each size from each (a) Fluid conditioner fittings cer- lot of 100 or fraction thereof must be tified in accordance with subpart 50.25 flattened cold until the opposite walls of this subchapter are acceptable for meet without the weld developing any use in piping systems. cracks; (b) Fluid conditioner fittings, not (C) One fitting of each size from each containing hazardous materials as de- lot of 100 or fraction thereof must be fined in § 150.115 of this chapter, which hydrostatically tested to the pressure are made in accordance with the appli- required for a seamless drawn pipe of cable standards listed in Table 56.60– the same size and thickness produced 1(b) of this part and of materials com- from equivalent strength material, as plying with subpart 56.60 of this part, determined by the applicable pipe ma- may be used within the material, size, terial specification; and pressure, and temperature limitations (D) If a fitting fails to meet the test of those standards and within any fur- in paragraph (c)(4)(i)(B) or (c)(4)(i)(C) of ther limitations specified in this sub- this section, no fitting in the lot from chapter. which the test fitting was chosen is ac- (c) The following requirements apply ceptable. to nonstandard fluid conditioner fit- (ii) For fittings sized above three tings which do not contain hazardous inches— materials as defined in § 150.115 of this (A) The longitudinal joints must be chapter: fabricated by arc welding; (1) The following nonstandard fluid (B) For pressures exceeding 150 conditioner fittings must meet the ap- pounds per square inch, each fitting plicable requirements in § 54.01–5 (c)(3), must be radiographically examined as (c)(4), and (d) of this chapter or the re- specified in Section VIII of the ASME maining provisions in part 54 of this Code; chapter, except that Coast Guard shop (C) For pressures not exceeding 150 inspection is not required: pounds per square inch, the first fitting (i) Nonstandard fluid conditioner fit- from each size in each lot of 20 or frac- tings that have a net internal volume tion thereof must be examined by radi- greater than 0.04 cubic meters (1.5 ography to ensure that the welds are of cubic feet) and that are rated for tem- acceptable quality; peratures and pressures exceeding (D) One fitting of each size from each those specified as minimums for Class I lot of 100 or fraction thereof must be piping systems. hydrostatically tested to the pressure (ii) Nonstandard fluid-conditioner fit- required for a seamless drawn pipe of tings that have an internal diameter the same size and thickness produced exceeding 15 centimeters (6 inches) and from equivalent strength material, as that are rated for temperatures and
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pressures exceeding those specified as steam air heaters, see also § 56.30– minimums for Class I piping systems. 30(b)(1) of this part. (2) All other nonstandard fluid condi- [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40602, Oct. 2, 1989, as tioner fittings must meet the fol- amended by CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24772, May 10, lowing: 1995] (i) All pressure-containing materials must be accepted in accordance with § 56.15–10 Special purpose fittings. § 56.60–1 of this part. (a) Special purpose fittings certified (ii) Nonstandard fluid conditioner fit- in accordance with subpart 50.25 of this tings must be designed so that the subchapter are acceptable for use in maximum allowable working pressure piping systems. does not exceed one-fourth of the burst (b) Special purpose fittings made in pressure or produce a primary stress accordance with the applicable stand- greater than one-fourth of the ultimate ards listed in Table 56.60–1(b) of this tensile strength of the material for part and of materials complying with Class II systems and for all Class I, I– subpart 56.60 of this part, may be used L, and II–L systems receiving ship mo- within the material, size, pressure, and tion dynamic analysis and non- temperature limitations of those destructive examination. For Class I, I– standards and within any further limi- L, or II–L systems not receiving ship tations specified in this subchapter. motion dynamic analysis and non- (c) Nonstandard special purpose fit- destructive examination under § 56.07– tings must meet the requirements of 10(c) of this part, the maximum allow- §§ 56.30–25, 56.30–40, 56.35–10, 56.35–15, or able working pressure must not exceed 56.35–35 of this part, as applicable. one-fifth of the burst pressure or produce a primary stress greater than one-fifth of the ultimate tensile Subpart 56.20—Valves strength of the material. The max- imum allowable working pressure may § 56.20–1 General. be determined by— (a) Valves certified in accordance (A) Calculations comparable to those with subpart 50.25 of this subchapter of ANSI B31.1 or Section VIII of the are acceptable for use in piping sys- ASME Code; tems. (B) Subjecting a representative (b) Non-welded valves complying model to a proof test or experimental with the standards listed in § 56.60–1 of stress analysis described in paragraph this part may be used within the speci- A–22 of Section I of the ASME Code; or fied pressure and temperature ratings (C) Other means specifically accepted of those standards, provided the limita- by the Marine Safety Center. tions of § 56.07–10(c) of this part are ap- (iii) Nonstandard fluid conditioner plied. Materials must comply with sub- fittings must be tested in accordance part 56.60 of this part. Welded valves with § 56.97–5 of this part. complying with the standards and spec- (iv) If welded, nonstandard fluid con- ifications listed in § 56.60–1 of this part ditioner fittings must be welded in ac- may be used in Class II systems only cordance with subpart 56.70 of this part unless they meet paragraph (c) of this and part 57 of this chapter or by other section. processes specifically approved by the (c) All other valves must meet the Marine Safety Center. following: (d) All fluid conditioner fittings that (1) All pressure-containing materials contain hazardous materials as defined must be accepted in accordance with in § 150.115 of this chapter must meet § 56.60–1 of this part. the applicable requirements of part 54 (2) Valves must be designed so that of this chapter, except subpart 54.10. the maximum allowable working pres- (e) Heat exchangers having headers sure does not exceed one-fourth of the and tubes and brazed boiler steam air burst pressure or produce a primary heaters are not considered fluid condi- stress greater than one-fourth of the tioner fittings and must meet the re- ultimate tensile strength of the mate- quirements in part 54 of this chapter rial for Class II systems and for all regardless of size. For brazed boiler Class I, I–L, and II–L systems receiving
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ship motion dynamic analysis and non- § 56.20–7 Ends. destructive examination. For Class I, I– L, or II–L systems not receiving ship (a) Valves may be used with flanged, motion dynamic analysis and non- threaded, butt welding, socket welding destructive examination under § 56.07– or other ends in accordance with appli- 10(c) of this part, the maximum allow- cable standards as specified in subpart able working pressure must not exceed 56.60. one-fifth of the burst pressure or produce a primary stress greater than § 56.20–9 Valve construction. one-fifth of the ultimate tensile (a) All valves must close with a strength of the material. The max- right-hand (clockwise) motion of the imum allowable working pressure may handwheel or operating lever when fac- be determined by— ing the end of the valve stem. Gate, (i) Calculations comparable to those globe and angle valves must generally of ANSI B31.1 or Section VIII of the be of the rising-stem type, preferably ASME Code, if the valve shape permits with the stem threads external to the this; valve body. Where operating conditions (ii) Subjecting a representative will not permit such installations, the model to a proof test or experimental use of nonrising-stem valves will be stress analysis described in paragraph permitted. Nonrising-stem valves, A–22 of Section I of the ASME Code; or lever operated valves, and any other (iii) Other means specifically accept- valve where, due to design, the position ed by the Marine Safety Center. of the disc or closure mechanism is not (3) Valves must be tested in accord- obvious shall be fitted with indicators ance with § 56.97–5 of this part. to show whether the valve is opened or (4) If welded, valves must be welded closed. Such indicators are not re- in accordance with subpart 56.70 of this quired for valves located in tanks or part and part 57 of this chapter or by similar inaccessible spaces where indi- other processes specifically approved cation is provided at the remote valve by the Marine Safety Center. operator. Operating levers of the quar- (d) Where liquid trapped in any ter-turn (rotary) valves must be par- closed valve can be heated and an un- allel to the fluid flow in the open posi- controllable rise in pressure can result, tion and perpendicular to the fluid flow means must be provided in the design, in the closed position. installation, and operation of the valve (b) Valves of Class I piping systems to ensure that the pressure in the valve (for restrictions in other classes refer does not exceed that allowed by this to sections on low temperature serv- part for the attained temperature. (For ice), having diameters exceeding 2 example, if a flexible wedge gate valve inches must have bolted, pressure seal, with the stem installed horizontally is or breech lock bonnets and flanged or closed, liquid from testing, cleaning, or welding ends, except that socket type condensation can be trapped in the welding ends shall not be used where bonnet section of the closed valve.) prohibited by § 56.30–5(c) of this part, Any resulting penetration of the pres- § 56.30–10(b)(4) of this part for the same sure wall of the valve must meet the pressure class, or elsewhere in this requirements of this part and those for part. For diameters not exceeding 2 threaded and welded auxiliary connec- inches, screwed union bonnet or bolted tions in ANSI B16.34. bonnet, or bonnetless valves of a type [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40604, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR which will positively prevent the stem 39968, Oct. 1, 1990] from screwing out of the body may be employed. Outside screw and yoke de- § 56.20–5 Marking (reproduces 107.2). sign must be used for valves 3 inches (a) Each valve shall bear the manu- and larger for pressures above 600 facturer’s name or trademark and ref- pounds per square inch gage. Cast iron erence symbol to indicate the service valves with screwed-in or screwed-over conditions for which the manufacturer bonnets are prohibited. Union bonnet guarantees the valve. The marking type cast iron valves must have the shall be in accordance with MSS–SP– bonnet ring made of steel, bronze, or 25. malleable iron.
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(c) Valves must be designed for the testing at full rated pressure. Packing maximum pressure to which they may material must be fire resistant. Piping be subjected, but in no case shall the subject to internal head pressure from design pressure be less than 50 pounds a tank containing oil must be fitted per square inch gage. The use of wafer with positive shutoff valves located at type resilient seated valves is not per- the tank in accordance with § 56.50– mitted for shell connections unless 60(d). Otherwise positive shutoff valves they are so arranged that the piping may be used in any location in lieu of immediately inboard of the valve can a required Category A or Category B be removed without affecting the wa- valve. tertight integrity of the shell connec- (2) Category A valves. The closed valve tion. Refer also to § 56.20–15(b)(2)(ii) of must pass less than the greater of 5 this part. Large fabricated ballast percent of its fully open flow rate or 15 manifold connecting lines exceeding 8 percent divided by the square root of inches nominal pipe size must be de- the nominal pipe size (NPS) of its fully signed for a pressure of not less than 25 open flow rate through the line after pounds per square inch gage. complete removal of all resilient seat- (d) Disks or disk faces, seats, stems ing material and testing at full rated and other wearing parts of valves shall pressure; as represented by the for- be made of material possessing corro- mula: (15% / SQRT × (NPS)) (Fully open sion and heat-resisting qualities suit- flow rate). Category A valves may be able for the service conditions to which used in any location except where posi- they may be subjected. tive shutoff valves are required by (e) Plug cocks shall be constructed § 56.50–60(d). Category A valves are re- with satisfactory and positive means of quired in the following locations: preventing the plug from becoming (i) Valves at vital piping system loosened or removed from the body manifolds; when the plug is operated. Cocks hav- (ii) Isolation valves in cross-connects ing plug locking arrangements depend- between two piping systems, at least ing on cotter pins are prohibited. one of which is a vital system, where (f) Cocks shall be marked in a failure of the valve in a fire would pre- straight line with the body to indicate vent the vital system(s) from func- whether they are open or closed. tioning as designed. (g) Materials forming a portion of the (iii) Valves providing closure for any pressure barrier shall comply with the opening in the shell of the vessel. applicable provisions of this part. (3) Category B valves. The closed valve will not provide effective closure of the [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as line or will permit appreciable leakage amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40604, Oct. 2, from the valve after the resilient mate- 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995] rial is damaged or destroyed. Category § 56.20–15 Valves employing resilient B valves are not required to be tested material. and may be used in any location except where a Category A or positive shutoff (a) A valve in which the closure is ac- valve is required. complished by resilient nonmetallic (c) If a valve designer elects to use ei- material instead of a metal to metal ther calculations or actual fire testing seat shall comply with the design, ma- in lieu of material removal and pres- terial, construction and testing for sure testing, the proposed calculation valves specified in this part. method or test plan must be accepted (b) Valves employing resilient mate- by the Commandant (G–MSE). rial shall be divided into three cat- egories, Positive shutoff, Category A, [CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51200, Sept. 30, 1997] and Category B, and shall be tested and used as follows: § 56.20–20 Valve bypasses. (1) Positive shutoff valves. The closed (a) Sizes of bypasses shall be in ac- valve must pass less than 10 ml/hr (0.34 cordance with MSS–SP–45. fluid oz/hr) of liquid or less than 3 l/hr (b) Pipe for bypasses should be at (0.11 cubic ft/hr) of gas per inch nomi- least Schedule 80 seamless, and of a nal pipe size through the line after re- material of the same nominal chemical moval of all resilient material and composition and physical properties as
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that used for the main line. Lesser ing in accordance with § 56.25–20(b) of thickness may be approved depending this part. on the installation and service condi- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as tions. amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, (c) Bypasses may be integral or at- 1989] tached. § 56.25–15 Gaskets (reproduces 108.4). Subpart 56.25—Pipe Flanges, (a) Gaskets shall be made of mate- rials which are not injuriously affected Blanks, Flange Facings, Gas- by the fluid or by temperature. kets, and Bolting (b) Only metallic and suitable asbes- tos-free nonmetallic gaskets may be § 56.25–5 Flanges. used on flat or raised face flanges if the Flanges must conform to the design expected normal operating pressure ex- requirements of the applicable stand- ceeds 720 pounds per square inch or the ards of Table 56.60–1(b) of this part of operating temperature exceeds 750 °F. Appendix 2 of section VIII of the ASME (c) The use of metal and nonmetallic Code. Plate flanges must meet the re- gaskets is not limited as to pressure quirements of § 56.30–10(b)(5) of this provided the gasket materials are suit- part and the material requirements of able for the maximum fluid tempera- § 56.60–1(a) of this part. Flanges may be tures. integral or may be attached to pipe by [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as threading, welding, brazing, or other amended by CGD 86–035, 54 FR 36316, Sept. 1, means within the applicable standards 1989] specified in Table 56.60–1(b) of this part and the requirements of this subpart. § 56.25–20 Bolting. For flange facing gasket combinations (a) General. (1) Bolts, studs, nuts, and other than those specified above, cal- washers must comply with applicable culations must be submitted indicating standards and specifications listed in that the gaskets will not result in a § 56.60–1 of this part. Unless otherwise higher bolt loading or flange moment specified, bolting must be in accord- than for the acceptable configurations. ance with ANSI B16.5. (2) Bolts and studs must extend com- [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, 1989] pletely through the nuts. § 56.25–7 Blanks. (3) See § 58.30–15(c) of this chapter for exceptions on bolting used in fluid (a) Blanks shall conform to the de- power and control systems. sign requirements of 104.5.3 of ANSI– (b) Carbon steel bolts or bolt studs B31.1. may be used if expected normal oper- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ating pressure does not exceed 300 amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, pounds per square inch gage and the 1970] expected normal operating tempera- ture does not exceed 400 °F. Carbon § 56.25–10 Flange facings. steel bolts must have heavy hexagon heads in accordance with ANSI B18.2.1 (a) Flange facings shall be in accord- and must have heavy semifinished hex- ance with the applicable standards list- agonal nuts in accordance with ANSI ed in Table 56.60–1(b) and MSS–SP–6. B18.2.2, unless the bolts are tightly (b) When bolting class 150 standard fitted to the holes and flange stress steel flanges to flat face cast iron calculations taking the bolt bending flanges, the steel flange must be fur- stresses into account are submitted. nished with a flat face, and bolting When class 250 cast iron flanges are must be in accordance with § 56.25–20 of used or when class 125 cast iron flanges this part. Class 300 raised face steel are used with ring gaskets, the bolting flanges may be bolted to class 250 material must be carbon steel con- raised face cast iron flanges with bolt- forming to ASTM Specification A 307
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(incorporated by reference, see § 56.01– able conditions such as severe stress 2), Grade B. concentrations, corrosion or erosion, (c) Alloy steel stud bolts must be then: threaded full length or, if desired, may (1) The backing rings shall be re- have reduced shanks of a diameter not moved and the inside of the joint less than that at the root of the ground smooth, or threads. They must have heavy semi- (2) The joint shall be welded without finished hexagonal nuts in accordance backing rings, or with ANSI B18.2.2. (3) Consumable insert rings must be (d) All alloy bolts or bolt studs and used. Commonly used types of butt accompanying nuts are recommended welding end preparations are shown in to be threaded in accordance with ANSI B1.1, Class 2A external threads, ANSI B16.25. and Class 2B internal threads (8-thread (4) Restrictions as to the use of back- series 8UN for 1 inch and larger). ing rings appear for the low tempera- (e) (Reproduces 108.5.6.) Washers, ture piping systems and should be when used under nuts, shall be of checked when designing for these sys- forged or rolled steel. tems. (c) Socket welds (modifies 127.3.3A). (1) [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec.18, 1968, as amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, Socket welds must conform to ANSI 1989; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, B16.11, applicable standards listed in 2000] Table 56.60–1(b) of this part, and Figure 127.4.4C in ANSI B31.1 as modified by Subpart 56.30—Selection and § 56.30–10(b)(4) of this part. A gap of ap- Limitations of Piping Joints proximately one-sixteenth inch be- tween the end of the pipe and the bot- § 56.30–1 Scope (replaces 110 through tom of the socket must be provided be- 118). fore welding. This may best be provided (a) The selection and limitation of by bottoming the pipe and backing off piping joints shall be as required by slightly before tacking. this subpart in lieu of requirements in (2) Socket welds must not be used 110 through 118 of ANSI–B31.1; however where severe erosion or crevice corro- certain requirements are marked ‘‘re- sion is expected to occur. Restrictions produced’’ in this subpart. on the use of socket welds appear in [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as § 56.70–15(d)(3) of this part for Class I amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, service and in § 56.50–105 of this part for 1970] low temperature service. These sec- tions should be checked when designing § 56.30–3 Piping joints (reproduces for these systems. See § 56.70–15(d)(4) of 110). this part for Class II service. The type of piping joint used shall be (3) (Reproduces 111.3.4.) Drains and suitable for the design conditions and bypasses may be attached to a valve of shall be selected with consideration of fitting by socket welding provided the joint tightness, mechanical strength socket depth, bore diameter, and shoul- and the nature of the fluid handled. der thickness conform to ANSI B16.11. § 56.30–5 Welded joints. (d) Fillet welds. Fillet welds may vary from convex to concave. The size of a (a) General. Welded joints may be fillet weld is determined as shown in used for materials for which welding Figure 127.4.4A of ANSI B31.1. Fillet procedures, welders, and welding ma- weld details for socket-welding compo- chine operators have been qualified in nents must meet § 56.30–5(c) of this accordance with part 57 of this sub- chapter. part. Fillet weld details for flanges (b) Butt welds—general. Butt welds must meet § 56.30–10 of this part. See may be made with or without backing also § 56.70–15(d)(3) and (d)(4) of this or insert rings within the limitations part for applications of fillet welds. established in § 56.70–15. When the use of backing rings will result in undesir-
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(e) Seal welds. Seal welds may be used configuration in Figure 127.4.4B(b) of but shall not be considered as contrib- ANSI B31.1. utilizing a face and uting any strength to the joint. backweld may be preferable in those [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as applications where it is desirable to amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, eliminate void spaces. For Class II pip- 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, 1989; ing systems, the size of the strength CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995] fillet may be limited to a maximum of 0.525 inch instead of 1.4T and the dis- § 56.30–10 Flanged joints (modifies 104.5.1(a)). tance from the face of the flange to the end of the pipe may be a maximum of (a) Flanged or butt-welded joints are three-eighths inch. Restrictions on the required for Classes I and I–L piping for use of slip-on flanges appear in § 56.50– nominal diameters exceeding 2 inches, 105 of this part for low temperature except as otherwise specified in this piping systems. subchapter. (b) Flanges may be attached by any (4) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 4. ANSI method shown in Figure 56.30–10(b) or B16.5 socket welding flanges may be by any additional means that may be used in Class I or II–L systems not ex- approved by the Marine Safety Center. ceeding 3 NPS for class 600 and lower Pressure temperature ratings of the ap- class flanges and 21⁄2 NPS for class 900 propriate ANSI standard must not be and class 1500 flanges within the serv- exceeded. ice pressure-temperature ratings of the (1) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 1. standard. Whenever full radiography is Flanges with screw threads may be required by § 56.95–10 for the class, di- used in accordance with Table 56.30– ameter, and wall thickness of the pipe 20(c) of this part. being joined, the use of socket welding (2) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 2. ANSI flanges in not permitted and a butt B16.5 class 150 and class 300 low-hubbed weld type connection must be provided. flanges with screw threads, plus the ad- For Class II piping, socket welding dition of a strength fillet weld of the flanges may be used without diameter size as shown, may be used in Class I limitation, and the size of the fillet ° systems not exceeding 750 F or 4 NPS, weld may be limited to a maximum of in Class II systems without diameter 0.525 inch instead of 1.4T. Restrictions limitations, and in Class II–L systems on the use of socket welds appear in not exceeding 1 NPS. If 100 percent ra- § 56.50–105 for low temperature piping diography is required by § 56.95–10 of systems. this part for the class, diameter, wall thickness, and material of pipe being (5) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 5. joined, the use of the threaded flanges Flanges fabricated from steel plate is not permitted and buttwelding meeting the requirements of part 54 of flanges must be provided. For Class II this chapter may be used for Class II piping systems, the size of the strength piping for pressures not exceeding 150 fillet may be limited to a maximum of pounds per square inch and tempera- 0.525 inch instead of 1.4T. tures not exceeding 450 °F. Plate mate- (3) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 3. ANSI rial listed in UCS–6(b) Section VIII of B16.5 slip-on flanges may be used in the ASME Code may not be used in this Class I, Class II, or Class II–L systems application, except that material meet- not to exceed the service pressure-tem- ing ASTM Specification A 36 (incor- perature ratings for the class 300 and porated by reference, see § 56.01–2) may lower class flanges, within the tem- be used. The fabricated flanges must perature limitations of the material se- conform at least to the American Na- lected for use, and not to exceed 4 NPS tional Standard class 150 flange dimen- in Class I and Class II–L systems. If 100 sions. The size of the strength fillet percent radiography is required by weld may be limited to a maximum of § 56.95–10 of this part for the class, di- 0.525 inches instead of 1.4T and the dis- ameter, wall thickness, and material of tance from the face of the flange to the the pipe being joined, the use of slip-on end of the pipe may be a maximum of flanges is not permitted and a butt three-eighths inch. welding flange must be provided. The
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FIGURE 56.30±10(b)ÐMethods of attachment.
NOTE: T is nominal pipe wall thickness used. Refer to text in § 56.30–10(b) for modifications on Class II piping systems. Fillet weld leg size need not exceed the thickness of the applicable ANSI hub.
(6) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 6. Steel inch or temperatures not exceeding 650 plate flanges meeting the material and °F. The flange shall be attached to the construction requirements listed in pipe as shown by Figure 56.30–10(b). subparagraph (5) of this paragraph may Method 6. The pressure shall not ex- be used for Class II piping for pressures ceed the American National Standard not exceeding 150 pounds per square Service pressure temperature rating.
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The size of the strength fillet weld may flaring the end of the pipe to an angle be limited to a maximum of 0.525 inch of not less than 20°. A fillet weld of the instead of 1.4T and the distance from size shown by Figure 56.30–10(b), Meth- the face of the flange to the end of the od 10, shall be used to attach the hub to pipe may be a maximum of three- the pipe. This type of flange is limited eighths inch. to a maximum pressure of 300 pounds (7) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 7. Lap per square inch at temperatures not ex- joint flanges (Van Stone) may be used ceeding 500 °F. for Class I and Class II piping. The Van (11) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 11. The Stone equipment shall be operated by flange of the type described and illus- competent personnel. The ends of the trated by Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 10, pipe shall be heated from 1,650° to 1,900 except with the fillet weld omitted, °F. dependent on the size of the pipe may be used for Class II piping for pres- prior to the flanging operation. The sures not exceeding 150 pounds per foregoing temperatures shall be care- square inch and temperatures not ex- fully adhered to in order to prevent ex- ceeding 450 °F. cess scaling of the pipe. The extra (12) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 12. thickness of metal built up in the end High-hub bronze flanges may be used of the pipe during the forming oper- for temperatures not exceeding 425 °F. ation shall be machined to restore the The hub of the flange shall be bored to pipe to its original diameter. The ma- a depth not less than that required for chined surface shall be free from sur- a threaded connection of the same di- face defects and the back of the Van ameter leaving a shoulder for the pipe Stone lap shall be machined to a fine to butt against. A preinserted ring of tool finish to furnish a line contact silver brazing alloy having a melting with the mating surface on the flange point not less than 1,000 °F. and of suf- for the full circumference as close as ficient quantity to fill the annular possible to the fillet of the flange. The clearance between the flange and the number of heats to be used in forming pipe shall be inserted in the groove. a flange shall be determined by the size The pipe shall then be inserted in the of the pipe and not more than two flange and sufficient heat applied ex- pushups per heat are permitted. The width of the lap flange shall be at least ternally to melt the brazing alloy until three times the thickness of the pipe it completely fills the clearance be- wall and the end of the pipe shall be tween the hub and the flange of the properly stress relieved after the flang- pipe. A suitable flux shall be applied to ing operation is completed. Manufac- the surfaces to be joined to produce a turers desiring to produce this type of satisfactory joint. joint shall demonstrate to a marine in- (13) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 13. The spector that they have the proper type of flange as described for Figure equipment and personnel to produce an 56.30–10(b), Method 12, may be em- acceptable joint. ployed and in lieu of an annular groove (8) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 8. Weld- being machined in the hub of the flange ing neck flanges may be used on any for the preinserted ring of silver braz- piping provided the flanges are butt- ing alloy, a bevel may be machined on welded to the pipe. The joint shall be the end of the hub and the silver braz- welded as indicated by Figure 56.30– ing alloy introduced from the end of 10(b), Method 8, and a backing ring em- the hub to attach the pipe to the ployed which will permit complete pen- flange. etration of the weld metal. If a backing (14) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 14. ring is not used, refer to § 56.30–5(b) for Flanges may be attached to nonferrous requirements. pipe by inserting the pipe in the flange (9) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 9. Weld- and flanging the end of the pipe into ing neck flanges may also be attached the recess machined in the face of the to pipe by a double-welded butt joint as flange to receive it. The width of the shown by Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 9. flange shall be not less than three (10) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 10. times the pipe wall thickness. In addi- Flanges may be attached by shrinking tion, the pipe shall be securely brazed the flange on to the end of the pipe and to the wall of the flange.
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(15) Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 15. The (d) Pipe with a wall thickness less flange of the type described and illus- than that of standard weight of ANSI trated by Figure 56.30–10(b), Method 14, B36.10 steel pipe must not be threaded except with the brazing omitted, may regardless of service. For additional be used for Class II piping and where threading limitations for pipe used in the temperature does not exceed 250 °F. steam service over 250 pounds per square inch or water service over 100 [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ° amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, pounds per square inch and 200 F, see 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40605, Oct. 2, 1989; part 104.1.2(c)(1) of ANSI B31.1. Restric- USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000] tions as to the use of threaded joints appear for low temperature piping and § 56.30–15 Expanded or rolled joints. should be checked when designing for (a) Expanded or rolled joints may be these systems. used where experience or test has dem- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as onstrated that the joint is suitable for amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, the design conditions and where ade- 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40164, Sept. 2, 1975; quate provisions are made to prevent CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40606, Oct. 2, 1989] separation of the joint. Specific appli- cation for use must be made to the § 56.30–25 Flared, flareless, and com- Commandant. pression fittings. (b) [Reserved] (a) This section applies to pipe fit- tings that are mechanically connected § 56.30–20 Threaded joints. to pipe by such means as ferrules, (a) Threaded joints may be used with- flared ends, swaging, elastic strain pre- in the limitations specified in subpart load, crimping, bite-type devices, and 56.15 of this chapter and within other shape memory alloys. Fittings to limitations specified in this section. which this section applies must be de- (b) (Reproduces 114.1.) All threads on signed, constructed, tested, and piping components must be taper pipe marked in accordance with ASTM F threads in accordance with the applica- 1387 (incorporated by reference, see ble standard listed in Table 56.60–1(b). § 56.01–2). Previously approved fittings Threads other than taper pipe threads may be retained as long as they are may be used for piping components maintained in good condition to the where tightness of the joint depends on satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, a seal weld or a seating surface other Marine Inspection. than the threads, and where experience (b) Flared, flareless and compression or test has demonstrated that such fittings may be used within the service threads are suitable. limitations of size, pressure, tempera- (c) Threaded joints may not be used ture, and vibration recommended by where severe erosion, crevice corrosion, the manufacturer and as specified in shock, or vibration is expected to this section. occur; or at temperatures over 925 °F. (c) Flared, flareless, and compression Size limitations are given in Table type tubing fittings may be used for 56.30–20(c) of this section. tube sizes not exceeding 50 millimeters (2 inches) outside diameter within the TABLE 56.30±20(C)ÐTHREADED JOINTS 12 limitations of applicable standards and Maximum nominal size, specifications listed in this section and inches Maximum pressure, p.s.i.g. § 56.60–1 of this part. (d) Flareless fittings must be of a de- Above 2″ ...... (Not permitted in Class I piping service.) sign in which the gripping member or Above 1″ up to 2″ ...... 600. sleeve must grip or bite into the outer Above 3¤4″ up to 1″ ...... 1,200. surface of the tube with sufficient 3 ″ ¤4 and below ...... 1,500. strength to hold the tube against pres- 1 Further restrictions on the use of threaded joints appear in sure, but without appreciably dis- the low temperature piping section. 2 Threaded joints in hydraulic systems are permitted above torting the inside tube diameter or re- the pressures indicated for the nominal sizes shown when ducing the wall thickness. The gripping commercially available components such as pumps, valves and strainers may only be obtained with threaded member must also form a pressure seal connections. against the fitting body.
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(e) For fluid services, other than hy- § 56.30–35 Gasketed mechanical cou- draulic systems, using a combustible plings. fluid as defined in § 30.10–15 of this (a) This section applied to pipe fit- chapter and for fluid services using a tings that form a seal by compressing a flammable fluid as defined in § 30.10–22 resilient gasket onto the pipe joint pri- of this chapter, flared fittings must be marily by threaded fasteners and where used; except that flareless fittings of joint creep is only restricted by such the nonbite type may be used when the means as machined grooves, centering tubing system is of steel, nickel copper pins, or welded clips. Fittings to which or copper nickel alloy. When using cop- this section applies must be designed, per or copper zinc alloy, flared fittings constructed, tested, and marked in ac- are required. (See also § 56.50–70 for gas- cordance with ASTM F 1476 (incor- oline fuel systems, § 56.50–75 for diesel porated by reference, see § 56.01–2) and fuel systems, and § 58.25–20 for hydrau- ASTM F 1548 (incorporated by ref- erence, see § 56.01–2). Previously ap- lic systems for steering gear.) proved fittings may be retained as long [CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26000, May 23, 1996; 61 FR as they are maintained in good condi- 35138, July 5, 1996, as amended by USCG–1999– tion to the satisfaction of the Officer in 5151, 64 FR 67180, Dec. 1, 1999; USCG–2000–7790, Charge, Marine Inspection. 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000] (b) Gasketed mechanical couplings may be used within the service limita- § 56.30–27 Caulked joints. tions of pressure, temperature and vi- Caulked joints may not be used in bration recommended by the manufac- marine installations. turer, except that gasketed mechanical couplings must not be used in— [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40606, Oct. 2, 1989] (1) Any location where leakage, unde- tected flooding or impingement of liq- § 56.30–30 Brazed joints. uid on vital equipment may disable the (a) General (refer also to subpart 56.75). vessel; or Brazed socket-type joints shall be (2) In tanks where the liquid con- made with suitable brazing alloys. The veyed in the piping system is not minimum socket depth shall be suffi- chemically compatible with the liquid cient for the intended service. Brazing in the tank. alloy shall either be end-fed into the (c) Gasketed mechanical couplings must not be used as expansion joints. socket or shall be provided in the form Positive restraints must be included, of a preinserted ring in a groove in the where necessary, to prevent the cou- socket. The brazing alloy shall be suffi- pling from creeping on the pipe and un- cient to fill completely the annular covering the joint. Bite-type devices do clearance between the socket and the not provide positive protection against pipe or tube. creep and are generally not accepted (b) Limitations. (1) Brazed socket-type for this purpose. Machined grooves, joints shall not be used on systems centering pins, and welded clips are containing flammable or combustible considered positive means of protec- fluids in areas where fire hazards are tion against creep. involved or where the service tempera- [CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, 1996, as ture exceeds 425 °F. When specifically amended by USCG–1999–5151, 64 FR 67180, approved by the Commandant, brazed Dec. 1, 1999] construction may be used for service temperatures up to 525 °F. in boiler § 56.30–40 Flexible pipe couplings of steam air heaters provided the require- the compression or slip-on type. ments of UB–12 of section VIII of the (a) Flexible pipe couplings of the ASME Code are satisfied at the highest compression or slip-on type must not temperature desired. be used as expansion joints. To ensure (2) Brazed joints depending solely that the maximum axial displacement 3 ″ upon a fillet, rather than primarily (approximately ⁄8 maximum) of each upon brazing material between the pipe coupling is not exceeded, positive re- and socket are not acceptable. straints must be included in each in- stallation.
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(b) Positive means must also be pro- Subpart 56.35—Expansion, vided to prevent the coupling from Flexibility and Supports ‘‘creeping’’ on the pipe and uncovering the joint. Bite type devices do not pro- § 56.35–1 Pipe stress calculations (re- vide positive protection against creep- places 119.7). ing and are not generally accepted for (a) A summary of the results of pipe this purpose unless other means are stress calculations for the main and also incorporated. Machined grooves or auxiliary steam piping where the de- centering pins are considered positive sign temperatures exceed 800 °F shall be means, and other positive means will submitted for approval. Calculations be considered. shall be made in accordance with one (c) Couplings which employ a solid of the recognized methods of stress sleeve with welded attachments on analysis acceptable to the Marine Safe- both pipes will require the removal of ty Center to determine the magnitude one set of attachments before disman- and direction of the forces and move- tling. Rewelding of the attachments ments at all terminal connections, an- may require gas freeing of the line. chor and junction points, as well as the (d) The installation shall be such as resultant bending stress, longitudinal to preclude appreciable difference in pressure stress, torsional stress, and the vibration magnitudes of the pipes combined expansion stress at all such joined by the couplings. The couplings points. The location of the maximum shall not be used as a vibration damp- combined stress shall be indicated in er. The vibration magnitude and fre- each run of pipe between anchor points. quency should not exceed that rec- (b) Special consideration will be ommended by the coupling manufac- given to the use of the full tabulated turer. value of S in computing Sh and Sc (e) Flexible couplings made in ac- where all material used in the system cordance with the applicable standards is subjected to additional non- listed in Table 56.60–1(b) of this part destructive testing as specified by the Marine Safety Center, and where the and of materials complying with sub- calculations prescribed in 119.6.4 and part 56.60 of this part may be used 102.3.2 of ANSI–B31.1 and § 56.07–10 are within the material, size, pressure, and performed. The nondestructive testing temperature limitations of those procedures and method of stress anal- standards and within any further limi- ysis shall be approved by the Marine tations specified in this subchapter. Safety Center prior to the submission Flexible couplings fabricated by weld- of computations and drawings for ap- ing must also comply with part 57 of proval. this chapter. (f) Flexible couplings must not be [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989] used in cargo holds or in any other § 56.35–10 Nonmetallic expansion space where leakage, undetected flood- joints (replaces 119.5.1). ing, or impingement of liquid on vital equipment may disable the ship, or in (a) Nonmetallic expansion joints cer- tanks where the liquid conveyed in the tified in accordance with subpart 50.25 piping system is not compatible with of this subchapter are acceptable for the liquid in the tank. Where flexible use in piping systems. couplings are not allowed by this sub- (b) Nonmetallic expansion joints part, joints may be threaded, flanged must conform to the standards listed and bolted, or welded. in Table 56.60–1(b) of this part. Non- metallic expansion joints may be used (g) Damaged or deteriorated gaskets within their specified pressure and shall not be reinstalled. temperature rating in vital and (h) Each coupling shall be tested in nonvital machinery sea connections in- accordance with § 56.97–5. board of the skin valve. These joints [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as must not be used to correct for im- amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40606, Oct. 2, proper piping workmanship or mis- 1989] alignment. Joint movements must not
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exceed the limits set by the joint man- the bulkhead deck and the valve shall ufacturer. be fitted inside the forepeak tank adja- [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989] cent to the collision bulkhead. The pipe penetrating the collision bulkhead § 56.35–15 Metallic expansion joints shall be welded to the bulkhead on (replaces 119.5.1). both sides. On new installations or re- (a) Metallic expansion joints certified placement in vessels of 150 gross tons in accordance with subpart 50.25 of this and over, the valve body shall be of subchapter are acceptable for use in steel or ductile cast iron. piping systems. (2) Passenger vessels shall not have (b) Metallic expansion joints must the collision bulkhead pierced below conform to the standards listed in the margin line by more than one pipe Table 56.60–1(b) of this part and may be conveying liquids in the forepeak tank used within their specified pressure and except that if the forepeak tank is di- temperature rating. vided to hold two different kinds of liq- uids, the collision bulkhead may be [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989] pierced below the margin line by two pipes, provided there is no practical al- Subpart 56.50—Design Require- ternative to the fitting of the second ments Pertaining to Specific pipe and further provided the safety of Systems the vessel is maintained. (c) Valves and cocks not forming part § 56.50–1 General (replaces 122.6 through 122.10). of a piping system are not permitted in watertight subdivision bulkheads, how- The piping requirements in this sub- ever, sluice valves or gates in oiltight part shall apply in lieu of requirements bulkheads of tankships may be used if in 122.6 through 122.10 of ANSI–B31.1. approved by the Marine Safety Center. Installation requirements applicable to (d) Piping shall not be run over or in all systems: the vicinity of switchboards or other (a) Where pipes and scuppers are car- electrical equipment if avoidable. ried through watertight or oiltight When such leads are necessary, welded bulkheads, decks or tank tops, or are carried through fire control bulkheads joints only shall be used and provision and decks, the integrity of the struc- shall be made to prevent leakage from ture shall be maintained. Lead or other damaging the equipment. heat sensitive materials shall not be (e) Stuffing boxes shall not be used used in piping systems which make on deep tank bulkheads, double bot- such bulkhead or deck penetrations toms or in any position where they where the deterioration of such sys- cannot be easily examined. This re- tems in the event of fire would impair quirement does not apply to ore car- the integrity of the bulkheads or riers operating on the Great Lakes or decks. (For plastic pipe installations, cargo lines of oil tankers. see § 56.60–25(a).) Where plate insert (f) Piping systems shall be installed pads are used, bolted connections shall so that under no condition will the op- have threads tapped into the plate to a eration of safety or relief valves be im- depth of not less than the diameter of paired. the bolt. If welded, the pipe or flange (g)(1) Power actuated valves in sys- shall be welded to both sides of the tems other than as specified in § 56.50– plating. Openings in structure through 60 of this part may be used if approved which pipes pass shall be reinforced for the system by the Marine Safety where necessary. Flanges shall not be Center. All power actuated valves re- bolted to bulkheads so that the plate quired in an emergency to operate the forms a part of the joint. Metallic ma- vessel’s machinery, to maintain its sta- terials having a melting point of 1,700 bility, and to operate the bilge and °F. or less are considered heat sensitive firemain systems must have a manual and if used must be suitably insulated. means of operation. (b)(1) Pipes piercing the collision (2)(i) Remote valve controls that are bulkhead shall be fitted with not readily identifiable as to service screwdown valves operable from above must be fitted with nameplates.
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(ii) Remote valve controls must be on the low pressure side of the reducing accessible under service conditions. station. (iii) Remote valve controls, except (b) Fuel oil service, fire, cargo and reach rods, must be fitted with indica- fuel oil transfer and boiler feed pumps tors that show whether the valves they must be provided with a pressure gage control are open or closed. Valve posi- on the discharge side of the pump. Ad- tion indicating systems must be inde- ditional information pertaining to fire pendent of valve control systems. pumps is in § 34.10–5 of subchapter D (iv) Valve reach rods must be ade- (Tank Vessels), § 76.10–5 of subchapter quately protected. H (Passenger Vessels), § 95.10–5 of sub- (v) Solid reach rods must be used in chapter I (Cargo and Miscellaneous tanks containing liquids, except that Vessels), and § 108.417 of subchapter IA tank barges having plug cocks inside (Mobile Offshore Drilling Units) of this cargo tanks may have reach rods of chapter. extra-heavy pipe with the annular space between the lubricant tube and [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as the pipe wall sealed with a nonsoluble amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, to prevent penetration of the cargo. 1970; CGD 73–251, 43 FR 56799, Dec. 4, 1978] (3) Air operated remote control valves must be provided with self-indi- § 56.50–15 Steam and exhaust piping. cating lines at the control boards (a) The design pressures of the steam which indicate the desired valve posi- piping connected to the boiler drum or tions, i.e., open or closed. to the superheater inlet header shall (h) Suitable drains shall be provided not be less than the lowest pressure at low points of piping systems. setting of any drum safety valve. The (i) Valves and cocks shall be located value of allowable stress for the mate- so as to be easily accessible and valves rial shall not exceed that cor- or cocks attached to the shell of the responding to the saturated steam tem- vessel or to sea chests located below perature at drum pressure and shall be the floorplating shall be operable from selected as described in § 56.07–10(e). above the floorplates. (b) Main superheater outlet piping (j) When welded fabrication is em- systems, desuperheated piping systems, ployed, a sufficient number of detach- and other auxiliary superheated piping able joints shall be provided to facili- systems led directly from the boiler tate overhauling and maintenance of superheater shall be designed for a machinery and appurtenances. The pressure not less than the pressure at joints shall be located so that adequate which the superheater safety valve is space is provided for welding, and the set. In the case of a superheated safety location of the welds shall be indicated valve which is drum pilot actuated, the on the plans. design pressure of such piping systems (k) Piping, including valves, pipe fit- shall not be less than the pressure set- tings and flanges, conveying vapors, ting of the actuator valve on the drum. gases or liquids whose temperature ex- Where it can be shown that the limita- ceeds 150 °F., shall be suitably insu- tions set forth in 102.2.4 of ANSI–B31.1 lated where necessary to preclude in- will not be exceeded, the design pres- jury to personnel. sure of such piping systems may be re- (l) Where pipes are run through dry duced but shall not be less than the cargo spaces they must be protected pressure setting of the actuator valve from mechanical injury by a suitable on the drum less the pressure drop enclosure or other means. through the superheater, including as- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as sociated piping and a control amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, desuperheater if fitted, at the normal 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989] rated operating condition. In both cases, the value of allowable stress § 56.50–10 Special gaging require- shall be selected using a temperature ments. not less than that of the steam at the (a) Where pressure reducing valves superheater outlet at the normal rated are employed (see 102.2.5(b) of ANSI– operating conditions in accordance B31.1) a pressure gage shall be provided with § 56.07–10(e). Valves and fittings
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shall be selected for the above tem- inlet pressure, the exhaust side must perature and pressure from the accept- be protected from over pressure by one ed standards in Table 56.60–1(b), using of the following means: the pressure-temperature rating in the (1) A full flow relief valve in the ex- standard. haust side so set and of sufficient ca- (c) Steam stop valves in sizes exceed- pacity to prevent the exhaust side from ing 6 inches shall be fitted with by- being accidentally or otherwise sub- passes for heating the line and equal- jected to a pressure in excess of its izing the pressure before the valve is maximum allowable pressure. opened. (2) A sentinel relief valve or other (d) In multiple boiler installations warning device fitted on the exhaust each boiler’s main, auxiliary and side together with a back pressure trip desuperheated steam lines shall be device which will close the inlet valve fitted with two valves, one a stop valve prior to the exhaust side pressure ex- and one a stop check valve. ceeding the maximum allowable pres- (e) Main and auxiliary steam stop sure. A device that will throttle the valves must be readily accessible, oper- inlet valve, so that the exhaust side able by one person and arranged to seat does not exceed the maximum allow- against boiler pressure. able pressure, may be substituted for (f) Where vessels are equipped with the back pressure trip. more than one boiler, the auxiliary (j) Shore steam connections shall be steam piping shall be so arranged that fitted with a relief valve set at a pres- steam for the whistle, steering gear, sure not exceeding the design pressure and electric-lighting plant may be sup- of the piping. plied from any power boiler. (k) Means must be provided for drain- (g) Steam and exhaust pipes shall not ing every steam pipe in which dan- be led through coal bunkers or dry gerous water hammer might otherwise cargo spaces unless approved by the occur. Commandant. (h)(1) Steam piping, with the excep- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as tion of the steam heating system, must amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, not be led through passageways, ac- 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77– commodation spaces, or public spaces 140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 83–043, 60 unless the arrangement is specifically FR 24772, May 10, 1995] approved by the Marine Safety Center. (2) Steam pressure in steam heating § 56.50–20 Pressure relief piping. systems must not exceed 150 pounds (a) General. There must be no inter- per square inch gage, except that vening stop valves between the vessel steam pressure for accommodation and or piping system being protected and public space heating must not exceed its protective device or devices, except 45 pounds per square inch gage. as specifically provided for in other (3) Steam lines and registers in non- regulations or as specifically author- accommodation and non-public spaces ized by the Marine Safety Center. must be suitably lcoated and/or shield- ed to minimize hazards to any per- (b) Discharge lines (reproduces sonnel within the space. Where hazards 122.6.2(d)). Discharge lines from pres- in a space cannot be sufficiently mini- sure-relieving safety devices shall be mized, the pressure in the steam line to designed to facilitate drainage. that space must be reduced to a max- (c) Stop valves. Stop valves between imum of 45 pounds per square inch the safety or relief valve and the point gage. of discharge are not permitted, except (4) High temperature hot water for as specifically provided for in other heating systems may not exceed 375 °F. regulations or as specifically approved (i) Where positive shutoff valves are by the Marine Safety Center. fitted in the exhaust lines of machin- (d) Reference. See also § 56.07–10(a) and ery, and the exhaust side, including en- (b) for specific requirements. gine steam cylinders and chests, tur- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as bine casings, exhaust piping and shut- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, off valves, is not designed for the full 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40607, Oct. 2, 1989]
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§ 56.50–25 Safety and relief valve es- stop and stop-check valves (see para- cape piping. graph (b) of this section), shall have a (a) Escape piping from unfired steam design pressure which exceeds the max- generator, boiler, and superheater safe- imum allowable working pressure of ty valves shall have an area of not less the boiler by either 25 percent or 225 than that of the combined areas of the pounds per square inch whichever is outlets of all valves discharging there- less. The value of allowable stress for to and shall be led as near vertically as design purposes shall be selected as de- practicable to the atmosphere. scribed in § 56.07–10(e) at a temperature (b) Expansion joints or flexible pipe not below that for saturated steam at connections shall be fitted in escape the maximum allowable working pres- piping. The piping shall be adequately sure of the boiler. supported and installed so that no (4) Feed pumps for water tube boilers stress is transmitted to the safety shall have fresh water connections valve body. only. Care shall be taken to prevent (c) Safety or relief valve discharges, the accidental contamination of feed when permitted to terminate in the water from salt water or oil systems. machinery space, shall be led below the (b) Feed valves. (1) Stop and stop- floorplates or to a remote position to check valves shall be fitted in the main minimize the hazardous effect of the feed line and shall be attached as close escaping steam. as possible to drum feed inlet nozzles (d) The effect of the escape piping on or to the economized feed inlet nozzles the operation of the relief device shall on boilers fitted with integral econo- be considered. The back pressure in the mizers. escape piping from the main propulsion (2) Where the installation will not steam generator should not exceed 10 permit the feed stop valve to be at- percent of the relief device setting un- tached directly to the drum inlet noz- less a compensated relief device is used. Back pressure must be calculated zle on boilers not fitted with econo- with all relief valves which discharge mizers, a distance piece may be in- to a common escape pipe relieving si- stalled between the stop valve and the multaneously at full capacity. inlet nozzle. (3) Feed stop or stop-check valves [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as may be located near the operating plat- amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40608, Oct. 2, form on boilers fitted with economizers 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995] provided the piping between the valves § 56.50–30 Boiler feed piping. and the economizer, exclusive of the feed valves and the economizer inlet (a) General requirements. (1) Steam nozzles, is installed with a minimum of vessels, and motor vessels fitted with steam driven electrical generators intervening flanged connections. shall have at least two separate means (4) Auxiliary feed lines shall be fitted of supplying feed water for the boilers. with stop valves and stop-check valves. All feed pumps shall be fitted with the Boilers not having auxiliary feed water necessary connections for this purpose. nozzles, or where independent auxiliary The arrangement of feed pumps shall feed lines are not installed, shall have be in accordance with paragraph (d) or the auxiliary feed line to the drum or (e) of this section. economizer connected to the main feed (2) Feed pump supply to power boilers line as close as possible to the main may utilize the group feed system or feed stop valves; and the valves in the the unit feed system. auxiliary feed line shall be fitted as (3) Feed discharge piping from the close as possible to the junction point. pump up to, but not including the re- (5) Boilers fitted with economizers quired stop and stop-check valves, shall have a check valve fitted in the shall be designed for either the feed economizer discharge and located as pump relief valve setting or the shutoff close as possible to the drum fed inlet head of the pump if a relief valve is not nozzle. When economizer bypasses are fitted. (Refer to § 56.07–10(b) for specific fitted, a stop-check valve shall be in- requirements.) Feed piping from the stalled in lieu of the aforementioned boiler, to and including the required check valve.
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(6) A sentinel valve is not required the boilers at their required normal op- for vessels constructed after September erating capacity. 30, 1997, and for other vessels to which (3) River or harbor steam vessels it has been shown to the satisfaction of shall have at least two means for feed- the cognizant Officer in Charge, Marine ing the boilers; one of which shall be an Inspection or the Coast Guard Marine independently driven pump, the other Safety Center, that a sentinel valve is may be an attached pump, an addi- not necessary for the safe operation of tional independently driven pump, or the particular boiler. an injector. (c) Feed water regulators, heaters, and (e) Unit feed system. Unit feed systems grease extractors. (1) Where feed water shall be provided with pumps and pip- regulators, tubular feed water heaters, ing as follows: and grease extractors are installed, an (1) The unit feed system may be used alternate means of operation with on vessels having two or more boilers. these devices bypassed shall be pro- When the unit feed system is employed vided. each boiler shall have its own inde- pendently driven main feed pump capa- (2) Feed water regulators designed ble of supplying the boiler at its nor- with a built-in bypass for emergency mal operating capacity. In addition use need not be fitted with an external these shall be an auxiliary independ- bypass when installed in a feed system ently driven feed pump of the same ca- provided with an auxiliary feed line. pacity which can be operated in place All feed water regulators installed in a of and in conjunction with the main unit feed system shall be fitted with an feed pump. In vessels with three or external bypass. Feed water regulators more boilers, not more than two boil- bypasses shall be so arranged that the ers may be served by any one auxiliary regular feed valves are in operation pump. The auxiliary pump may be so while the bypass is in use. interconnected that any pump can feed (3) A feed water regulator may be any boiler. interposed between the stop and stop- (2) In the unit feed system, a separate check valves in the feed lines. feed line shall be provided for each (d) Group feed system. Group feed sys- boiler from its pumps. A separate aux- tems shall be provided with pumps and iliary feed line is not required. The dis- piping as follows: charge from each pump and the feed (1) Oceangoing and Great Lakes supply to each boiler shall be auto- steam vessels, having a feed pump at- matically controlled by the level of the tached to the main propelling unit, water in that boiler. In addition to the shall be provided with at least one automatic control, manual control independently driven feed pump. Each shall be provided. of these pumps shall be used exclu- (f) Feedwater. The feedwater shall be sively for feed purposes and shall be ca- introduced into a boiler as required by pable of supplying the operating boilers § 52.01–105(b) of this subchapter. at their normal capacity. In addition, a [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as second independently driven pump, ca- amended by CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, pable of supplying such boilers at 75 1997] percent of their normal capacity, shall be provided for emergency use. This § 56.50–35 Condensate pumps. second pump may be used for other Two means shall be provided for dis- purposes. charging the condensate from the main (2) If two independently driven pumps condenser, one of which shall be me- are provided, each capable of supplying chanically independent of the main the boilers at their normal required op- propelling machinery. If one of the erating capacity, and neither of which independent feed pumps is fitted with a is used for other purposes, the third or direct suction from the condenser and emergency feed pump is not required. a discharge to the feed tank, it may be Where more than two independently accepted as an independent condensate driven feed pumps are provided, their pump. On vessels operating on lakes aggregate capacity shall not be less (including Great Lakes), bays, sounds, than 200 percent of that demanded by or rivers, where provision is made to
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operate noncondensing, only one con- tiple units will be acceptable in lieu of densate unit will be required. an independent power pump connec- tion. § 56.50–40 Blowoff piping (replaces (d) On vessels operating on lakes (in- 102.2.5(d)). cluding Great Lakes), bays, sounds, or (a)(1) The requirements for blowoff rivers, where provision is made to oper- piping in this section shall be followed ate noncondensing, only one circu- in lieu of the requirements in 102.2.5(d) lating unit will be required. in ANSI–B31.1. (2) Where blowoff valves are con- § 56.50–50 Bilge and ballast piping. nected to a common discharge from (a)(1) All vessels except unmanned two or more boilers, a nonreturn valve barges shall be provided with a satis- shall be provided in the line from each factory bilge pumping plant capable of boiler to prevent accidental blowback pumping from and draining any water- in the event the boiler blowoff valve is tight compartment except for ballast, left open. oil and water tanks which have accept- (b) Blowoff piping external to the able means for filling and emptying boiler shall be designed for not less independent of the bilge system. The than 125 percent of the maximum al- bilge pumping system shall be capable lowable working pressure of the boiler, of operation under all practicable con- or the maximum allowable working ditions after a casualty whether the pressure of the boiler plus 225 pounds ship is upright or listed. For this pur- per square inch, whichever is less. pose wing suctions will generally be When the required blowoff piping de- necessary except in narrow compart- sign pressure exceeds 100 pounds per ments at the ends of the vessel where square inch gage, the wall thickness of one suction may be sufficient. In com- the piping shall not be less than Sched- partments of unusual form, additional ule 80. The value of allowable stress for suctions may be required. design purposes shall be selected as de- (2) Arrangements shall be made scribed in § 56.07–10(e) at a temperature whereby water in the compartments not below that of saturated steam at will drain to the suction pipes. Effi- the maximum allowable working pres- cient means shall be provided for sure of the boiler. draining water from all tank tops, (c) Boiler blowoff piping which dis- other watertight flats and insulated charges above the lightest loadline of a holds. Peak tanks, chain lockers and vessel shall be arranged so that the dis- decks over peak tanks may be drained charge is deflected downward. by eductors, ejectors, or hand pumps. (d) Valves such as the globe type so Where piping is led through the designed as to form pockets in which forepeak, see § 56.50–1(b). sediment may collect shall not be used (3) Where drainage from particular for blowoff service. compartments is considered undesir- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as able, the provisions for such drainage amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, may be omitted, provided it can be 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975] shown by calculations that the safety of the vessel will not be impaired. § 56.50–45 Circulating pumps. (4) Where the vessel is to carry Class (a) A main circulating pump and 3 flammable liquids with a flashpoint emergency means for circulating water below 23 °C (74 °F), Class 6, Division 6.1, through the main condenser shall be poisonous liquids, or Class 8 corrosive provided. The emergency means may liquids with a flashpoint below 23 °C (74 consist of a connection from an inde- °F) as defined in 49 CFR part 173, in en- pendent power pump fitted between the closed cargo spaces, the bilge-pumping main circulating pump and the con- system must be designed to ensure denser. against inadvertent pumping of such (b) Independent sea suctions shall be liquids through machinery-space pip- provided for the main circulating and ing or pumps. the emergency circulating pumps. (5) For each vessel constructed on or (c) A cross connection between the after June 9, 1995, and on an inter- circulating pumps in the case of mul- national voyage, arrangements must be
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made to drain the enclosed cargo approved by the Commanding Officer, spaces on either the bulkhead deck of a Marine Safety Center. As far as prac- passenger vessel or the freeboard deck ticable, each manifold must be in, or be of a cargo vessel. capable of remote operation from, the (i) If the deck edge, at the bulkhead same space as the bilge pump that nor- deck of a passenger vessel or the mally takes suction on that manifold. freeboard deck of a cargo vessel, is im- In either case, the manifold must be mersed when the vessel heels 5° or less, capable of being locally controlled the drainage of the enclosed cargo from above the floorplates and must be spaces must discharge to a space, or easily accessible at all times. As far as spaces, of adequate capacity, each of practicable, each overboard-discharge which has a high-water-level alarm and valve for a bilge system must comply a means to discharge overboard. The with the requirements governing loca- number, size and arrangement of the tion and accessibility for suction mani- drains must prevent unreasonable ac- folds. Except as otherwise permitted by cumulation of water. The pumping ar- paragraph (c)(4) of this section for a rangements must take into account vessel employing a common-rail bilge the requirements for any fixed manual system, each bilge-manifold valve con- or automatic sprinkling system. In en- trolling a bilge suction from any com- closed cargo spaces fitted with carbon- partment must be of the stop-check dioxide extinguishing systems, the type. drains must have traps or other means (2) Each passenger vessel on an inter- to prevent escape of the smothering national voyage must comply with the gas. The enclosed cargo spaces must provisions of SOLAS II–1/21. not drain to machinery spaces or other (3) A common-rail bilge system may spaces where sources of ignition may be installed as an acceptable alter- be present if water may be contami- native to the system required by para- nated with Class 3 flammable liquids; graph (c)(1) of this section, provided it Class 6, Division 6.1, poisonous liquids; satisfies all of the following criteria: or Class 8 corrosive liquids with a (i) The common-rail main runs in- flashpoint below 23 °C (74 °F). board at least one-fifth of the beam of (ii) If the deck edge, at the bulkhead the vessel. deck of a passenger vessel or the (ii) A stop-check valve or both a stop freeboard deck of a cargo vessel, is im- valve and a check valve are provided in mersed only when the vessel heels each branch line and located inboard at more than 5°, the drainage of the en- least one-fifth of the beam of the ves- closed cargo spaces may be by means of sel. a sufficient number of scuppers dis- (iii) The stop valve or the stop-check charging overboard. The installation of valve is power-driven, is capable of re- scuppers must comply with § 42.15–60 of mote operation from the space where this chapter. the pump is, and, regardless of the sta- (b) Passenger vessels shall have pro- tus of the power system, is capable of vision made to prevent the compart- manual operation to both open and ment served by any bilge suction pip- close the valve. ing from being flooded in the event the (iv) The stop valve or the stop-check pipe is severed or otherwise damaged valve is accessible for both manual op- by collision or grounding in any other eration and repair under all operating compartment. Where the piping is lo- conditions, and the space used for ac- cated within one-fifth of the beam of cess contains no expansion joint or the side of the vessel (measured at flexible coupling that, upon failure, right angles to the centerline at the would cause flooding and prevent ac- level of the deepest subdivision cess to the valve. loadline or deepest loadline where a (v) A port and a starboard suction subdivision loadline is not assigned) or serve each space protected unless, is in a ductkeel, a nonreturn valve under the worst conditions of list and shall be fitted to the end of the pipe in trim and with liquid remaining after the compartment which it serves. pumping, the vessel’s stability remains (c)(1) Each bilge suction must lead acceptable, in accordance with sub- from a manifold except as otherwise chapter S of this chapter.
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(vi) For each vessel designed for the §§ 56.50–50 and 56.50–55, where ‘‘L’’ is the carriage of combinations of both liquid length of the unit at the waterline. and dry bulk cargoes (O/B/O), no bilge NOTE 5—For mobile offshore drilling units employing unusual hull forms, ‘‘B’’ may be pump or piping is located in a machin- modified to the average breadth rather than ery space other than in a pump room the maximum breadth. for cargo, and no liquid and other car- NOTE 6—For each passenger vessel con- goes are carried simultaneously. structed on or after June 9, 1995, and being (vii) For each cargo vessel in Great on an international voyage, D must be meas- Lakes service, each common-rail pip- ured to the next deck above the bulkhead ing for the bilge and ballast system deck if an enclosed cargo space on the bulk- head deck that is internally drained in ac- serving cargo spaces, if installed and if cordance with paragraph (a)(4) of this section connected to a dedicated common-rail extends the entire length of the vessel. bilge system, must lead separately Where the enclosed cargo space extends a from a valved manifold located at the lesser length, D must be taken as the sum of pump. the molded depth (in feet) to the bulkhead (d) The internal diameter of bilge deck plus lh/L where l and h are the aggre- suction pipes including strainers shall gate length and height (in feet) of the en- be determined by formulas (1) and (2), closed cargo space. except that the nearest commercial (3) For vessels of 150 gross tons and size not more than one-fourth inch over, no main suction piping shall be under the required diameter may be less than 21⁄2 inches internal diameter. used. Bilge suction pipes shall be suit- Branch piping need not be more than 4 ably faired to pump inlets. inches and shall not be less than 2 (1) For suctions to each main bilge inches in diameter except for drainage pump: of small pockets or spaces in which case 11⁄2-inch diameter may be used. LB()+ D For vessels less than 150 gross tons no d =+1 ()145 ( ) () bilge suction shall be less than 11⁄2 2500 inches internal diameter and no branch (2) For branch suctions to cargo and piping shall be less than 1 inch nominal machinery spaces: pipe size. (4) For vessels of 65 feet in length or less and not engaged on an inter- cB+D() d=1+ ()235 () () national voyage, the bilge pipe sizes 1500 computed by Formulas (1) and (2) of this paragraph are not mandatory, but where: in no case shall the size be less than 1 L=Length of vessel on loadwater line, in feet. inch nominal pipe size. B=Breadth of vessel, in feet. (5) (5) The number, location, and size of D=Molded depth (in feet) to the bulkhead bilge suctions in the boiler and ma- ( ) deck. 6 chinery compartments shall be deter- c=Length of compartment, in feet. mined when the piping plans are sub- d=Required internal diameter of suction pipe, in inches. mitted for approval and shall be based upon the size of the compartments and NOTE 1—For tank vessels, ‘‘L’’ may be re- the drainage arrangements. duced by the combined length of the cargo (e) Independent bilge suction. One of oil tanks. the independent bilge pumps must have NOTE 2—FOR BULK CARRIERS WITH FULL DEPTH WING TANKS SERVED BY A BALLAST SYS- a suction of a diameter not less than TEM WHERE THE BEAM OF THE VESSEL IS NOT that given by Formula (2) in paragraph REPRESENTATIVE OF THE BREADTH OF THE COM- (d) of this section that is led directly PARTMENT, ‘‘B’’ MAY BE APPROPRIATELY MODI- from the engine room bilge entirely FIED TO THE BREADTH OF THE COMPARTMENT. independent of the bilge main, and on NOTE 3—In the calculation for a vessel with passenger vessels each independent more than one hull, such as a catamaran, the bilge pump located in the machinery breadth of the unit is the breadth of one spaces must have such direct suctions hull. NOTE 4—In the calculation for a mobile off- from these spaces, except that not shore drilling unit, ‘‘L’’ is reducible by the more than two pumps are required to combined length of spaces that can be have direct suctions from any one pumped by another piping system meeting space. A suction that is led directly
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from a suitably located pump manifold ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes may be considered to be independent of routes, the largest available pump in the bilge main. Where two direct suc- the engine room is to be fitted with the tions are required in any one compart- direct bilge suction in the machinery ment on passenger vessels, one suction space except that a required bilge must be located on each side of the pump may not be used. The area of the compartment. If watertight bulkheads suction pipe is to be equal to the full separate the engine and boiler rooms, a suction inlet of the pump. The dis- direct suction or suctions must be charge capacity of the pump selected fitted to each compartment unless the shall exceed the capacity of the re- pumps available for bilge service are quired main bilge pump. distributed throughout these compart- (3) Vessels over 180 feet in length ments, in which case at least one pump which are not passenger vessels and in each such compartment must be which operate on international voyages fitted with direct suction in its com- or in ocean, coastwise, or Great Lakes partment. In a vessel with more than service, must be provided with a direct one hull, there must be one bilge pump emergency bilge suction from any that has an independent bilge suction pump in the machinery space, except in each hull. In a column stabilized mo- that a required bilge pump may not be bile offshore drilling unit, the inde- used. The discharge capacity of the pendent bilge suction must be from the pump selected must exceed the capac- pumproom bilge. ity of the required main bilge pump (f) Emergency bilge suctions. In addi- and the area of the suction inlet is to tion to the independent bilge suction(s) be equal to the full suction inlet of the required by paragraph (e) of this sec- pump. tion, an emergency bilge suction must (4) Vessels under 180 feet in length be provided in the machinery space for need not provide an emergency bilge all self-propelled vessels as described in suction, except that passenger vessels the following subparagraphs. Emer- shall comply with the requirements of gency suctions must be provided from paragraphs (f) (1) and (2) of this sec- pumps other than those required by tion. § 56.50–55(a) of this part. Such suctions (5) Each vessel with more than one must have nonreturn valves, and must hull must have an emergency bilge suc- meet the following criteria as appro- tion in each hull. priate: (6) Each column stabilized mobile off- (1) On passenger vessels propelled by shore drilling unit must have— steam and operating on an inter- (i) An emergency bilge suction in national voyage or on ocean, coastwise, each hull; and or Great Lakes routes, the main circu- (ii) A remote control for the emer- lating pump is to be fitted with a di- gency pump and associated valves that rect bilge suction for the machinery can be operated from the ballast con- space. The diameter of such suctions trol room. shall not be less than two-thirds the di- (g) Each individual bilge suction ameter of the main sea injection. When shall be fitted with a suitable bilge it can be shown to the satisfaction of strainer having an open area of not less the Commandant that the main circu- than three times at of the suction pipe. lating pump is not suitable for emer- In addition a mud box or basket strain- gency bilge service, a direct emergency er shall be fitted in an accessible posi- bilge suction is to be led from the larg- tion between the bilge suction mani- est available independent power driven fold and the pump. pump to the drainage level of the ma- (h) Pipes for draining cargo holds or chinery space. The suction is to be of machinery spaces must be separate the same diameter as the main inlet of from pipes which are used for filling or the pump used and the capacity of the emptying tanks where water or oil is pump shall exceed that of a required carried. Bilge and ballast piping sys- main bilge pump. tems must be so arranged as to prevent (2) On passenger vessels propelled by oil or water from the sea or ballast internal combustion engines and oper- spaces from passing into cargo holds or ating on an international voyage or on machinery spaces, or from passing
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from one compartment to another, ting may be located within the tunnel whether from the sea, water ballast, or if the pipe tunnel is not of sufficient oil tanks, by the appropriate installa- size to afford easy access. These re- tion of stop and non-return valves. The quirements need not be met provided bilge and ballast mains must be fitted the contents of the tank and piping with separate control valves at the system are chemically compatible and pumps. Except as allowed by paragraph strength and stability calculations are (c)(4)(vii) of this section, piping for submitted showing that crossflooding draining a cargo hold or machinery resulting from a pipe, the tank, and the space must be separate from piping spaces through which the piping passes used for filling or emptying any tank will not seriously affect the safety of where water or oil is carried. Piping for the ship, including the launching of bilge and ballast must be arranged so lifeboats due to the ship’s listing. Bilge as to prevent, by the appropriate in- lines led through tanks without a pipe stallation of stop and non-return tunnel must be fitted with nonreturn valves, oil or water from the sea or bal- valves at the bilge suctions. last spaces from passing into a cargo (l) When bilge pumps are utilized for hold or machinery space, or from pass- other services, the piping shall be so ing from one compartment to another, arranged that under any condition at regardless of the source. The bilge and least one pump will be available for ballast mains must be fitted with sepa- drainage of the vessel through an over- rate control valves at the pumps. (i) Ballast piping shall not be in- board discharge, while the other stalled to any hull compartment of a pump(s) are being used for a different wood vessel. Where the carriage of liq- service. uid ballast in such vessels is necessary, (m) All bilge pipes used in or under suitable ballast tanks, structurally fuel storage tanks or in the boiler or independent of the hull, shall be pro- machinery space, including spaces in vided. which oil settling tanks or oil pumping (j) When dry cargo is to be carried in units are located, shall be of steel or deep tanks, arrangement shall be made other acceptable material. for disconnecting or blanking-off the (n) Oil pollution prevention require- oil and ballast lines, and the bilge suc- ments for bilge and ballast systems are tions shall be disconnected or blanked- contained in subpart B of part 155, off when oil or ballast is carried. Blind Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations. flanges or reversible pipe fittings may be employed for this purpose. NOTE: For the purposes of this section, a pumproom is a machinery space on a column (k) Where bilge and ballast piping is stabilized mobile offshore drilling unit. led through tanks, except ballast pip- ing in ballast tanks, means must be [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as provided to minimize the risk of flood- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, ing of other spaces due to pipe failure 1970; CGD 73–58R, 39 FR 18767, May 30, 1974; within the tanks. In this regard, such 79–165a, 45 FR 64188, Sept. 29, 1980; CGD 77– piping may be in an oiltight or water- 140, 54 FR 40608, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 39968, Oct. tight pipe tunnel, or the piping may be 1, 1990; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24772, May 10, 1995; of Schedule 80 pipe wall thickness, CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, 1997] fitted with expansion bends, and all joints within the tanks are welded. Al- § 56.50–55 Bilge pumps. ternative designs may be installed as (a) Self-propelled vessels. (1) Each self- approved by the Marine Safety Center. propelled vessel must be provided with Where a pipe tunnel is installed, the a power-driven pump or pumps con- watertight integrity of the bulkheads nected to the bilge main as required by must be maintained. No valve or fit- Table 56.50–55(a).
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TABLE 56.50±55(a)ÐPOWER BILGE PUMPS REQUIRED FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS
Passenger vessels 1 Dry-cargo vessels 2 Tank Mobile vessels offshore Ocean, Ocean, drilling Vessel length, in feet Inter- coast- All other coast- units national wise and waters wise and All waters All waters voyages 3 Great Great Lakes Lakes All waters
180′ or more ...... 4 3 4 322222 Below 180′ and exceeding 65′ ...... 4 3 5 2 5 2 5 2 5 222 65′ or less ...... 3 1 1 1 1 1 ...... 1 Small passenger vessels under 100 gross tons refer to Subpart 182.25 of Subchapter T (Small Passenger Vessel) of this chapter. 2 Dry-bulk carriers having ballast pumps connected to the tanks outside the engineroom and to the cargo hold may substitute the appropriate requirements for tank vessels. 3 Not applicable to passenger vessels which do not proceed more than 20 mile from the nearest land, or which are employed in the carriage of large numbers of unberthed passengers in special trades. 4 When the criterion numeral exceeds 30, an additional independent power-driven pump is required. (See Part 171 of this chapter for determination of criterion numeral.) 5 Vessels operating on lakes (including Great Lakes), bays, sounds, or rivers where steam is always available, or where a suit- able water supply is available from a power-driven pump of adequate pressure and capacity, may substitute siphons or eductors for one of the required power-driven pumps, provided a siphon or eductor is permanently installed in each hold or compartment.
(b) Nonself-propelled vessels. (1) Ocean the bilge main as required in Table going sailing vessels and barges shall 56.50–55(b)(1). be provided with pumps connected to
TABLE 56.50±55(b)(1)ÐBILGE PUMPS REQUIRED FOR NONSELF-PROPELLED VESSELS
(1) Hand Type of vessel Waters navigated Power pumps pumps
Sailing ...... Ocean and coastwise ...... Two ...... (2) Manned barges ...... do ...... Two ...... (2) Manned barges ...... Other than ocean and coastwise ...... (3) ...... (3) Unmanned barges ...... All waters ...... (3) ...... (3) Mobile offshore drilling units ...... All waters ...... Two ...... None. 1 Where power is always available, independent power bilge pumps shall be installed as required and shall be connected to the bilge main. 2 Efficient hand pumps connected to the bilge main may be substituted for the power pumps. Where there is no common bilge main, one hand pump will be required for each compartment. 3 Suitable hand or power pumps or siphons, portable or fixed, carried either on board the barge or on the towing vessel shall be provided.
(2) The pumps and source of power for and need not meet the velocity require- operation on oceangoing sailing vessels ment of this paragraph. and barges shall be located above the (d) Priming. Suitable means shall be bulkhead deck or at the highest con- provided for priming centrifugal pumps venient level which is always acces- which are not of the self-priming type. sible. (e) Location. (1) For self-propelled (3) Each hull of a vessel with more vessels, if the engines and boilers are in than one hull, such as a catamaran, two or more watertight compartments, must meet Table 56.50–55(b). the bilge pumps must be distributed (c) Capacity of independent power bilge throughout these compartments. On pump. Each power bilge pump must other self-propelled vessels and mobile have the capacity to develop a suction offshore drilling units, the bilge pumps velocity of not less than 400 feet per must be in separate compartments to minute through the size of bilge main the extent practicable. When the loca- piping required by § 56.50–50(d)(1) of this tion of bilge pumps in separate water- part under ordinary conditions; except tight compartments is not practicable, that, for vessels of less than 65 feet in alternative arrangements may be sub- length not engaged on international mitted for consideration by the Marine voyages, the pump must have a min- Safety Center. imum capacity of 25 gallons per minute (2) For nonself-propelled vessels re- quiring two bilge pumps, these pumps,
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insofar as practicable, shall be located are incorporated by reference. This in separate watertight machinery document is available from the Na- spaces. When the location of bilge tional Technical Information Service, pumps in separate watertight compart- Springfield, Virginia, 22151, under the ments is not possible, the Commandant title ‘‘Regulations on Subdivision and will consider alternate arrangements of Stability of Passenger Ships as Equiva- the bilge pumps. lent to part B of chapter II of the Inter- (3) The emergency bilge pumps shall national Convention for the Safety of not be installed in a passenger ship for- Life at Sea, 1960’’ (Volume IV of the ward of the collision bulkhead. U.S. Coast Guard’s ‘‘Commandant’s (4) Each hull of a vessel with more International Technical Series’’, USCG than one hull must have at least two CITS–74–1–1.) means for pumping the bilges in each [CGD 76–053, 47 FR 37553, Aug. 26, 1982, as hull. No multi-hulled vessel may oper- amended by CGD 79–023, 48 FR 51007, Nov. 4, ate unless one of these means is avail- 1983] able to pump each bilge. (f) Other pumps. Sanitary, ballast, § 56.50–60 Systems containing oil. and general service pumps having the (a)(1) Oil-piping systems for the required capacity may be accepted as transfer or discharge of cargo or fuel independent power bilge pumps if fitted oil must be separate from other piping with the necessary connections to the systems as far as practicable, and posi- bilge pumping system. tive means shall be provided to prevent [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as interconnection in service. amended by CGD 79–023, 48 FR 51007, Nov. 4, (2) Fuel oil and cargo oil systems 1983; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40608, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 may be combined if the cargo oil sys- FR 39968, Oct. 1, 1990; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24773, tems contain only Grade E oils and May 10, 1995] have no connection to cargo systems containing grades of oil with lower § 56.50–57 Bilge piping and pumps, al- flash points or hazardous substances. ternative requirements. (3) Pumps used to transfer oil must (a) If a passenger vessel complies have no discharge connections to fire with §§ 171.075 and 171.082 of this chap- mains, boiler feed systems, or con- ter, its bilge pumping and piping sys- densers unless approved positive means tems must meet §§ 56.50–50 and 56.50–55, are provided to prevent oil from being except as follows: accidentally discharged into any of the (1) Each bilge pumping system must aforementioned systems. comply with— (b) When oil needs to be heated to (i) Regulation 19(b) of the Annex to lower its viscosity, heating coils must IMCO Resolution A.265 (VIII) in place be properly installed in each tank. of §§ 56.50–55(a)(1), 56.50–55(a)(3), and (1) Each drain from a heating coil as 56.50–55(f); well as each drain from an oil heater (ii) Regulation 19(d) of the Annex to must run to an open inspection tank or IMCO Resolution A.265 (VIII) in place other suitable oil detector before re- of § 56.50–55(a)(2). turning to the feed system. (2) Each bilge main must comply (2) As far as practicable, no part of with Regulation 19(i) of the Annex to the fuel-oil system containing heated IMCO Resolution A.265 (VIII) in place oil under pressure exceeding 180 KPa of § 56.50–50(d) except— (26 psi) may be placed in a concealed (i) The nearest commercial pipe size position so that defects and leakage may be used if it is not more than one- cannot be readily observed. Each ma- fourth inch under the required diame- chinery space containing a part of the ter; and system must be adequately illumi- (ii) Each branch pipe must comply nated. with § 56.50–50(d)(2). (c) Filling pipes may be led directly (b) The standards referred to in this from the deck into the tanks or to a section, which are contained in the manifold in an accessible location per- Inter-governmental Maritime Consult- manently marked to indicate the tanks ative Organization (IMCO) Resolution to which they are connected. A shutoff A.265 (VIII), dated December 10, 1973, valve must be fitted at each filling end.
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Oil piping must not be led through ac- other purpose and must have sufficient commodation spaces, except that low capacity to cycle all connected valves pressure fill piping not normally used from the initial valve position to the at sea may pass through accommoda- opposite position and return. The cross tion spaces if it is of steel construc- connection of this system to an alter- tion, all welded, and not concealed. nate power supply will be given special (d) Piping subject to internal head consideration by the Marine Safety pressure from oil in the tank must be Center. fitted with positive shutoff valves lo- (ii) The valve shall have a local cated at the tank. power actuator to both open and close (1) Valves installed on the outside of the valve unless local manual opening the oil tanks must be made of steel, operation will not prevent remote clos- ductile cast iron ASTM A395, or a duc- ing of the valve. tile nonferrous alloy having a melting (iii) The positioning of the valve by point above 1,700 °F and must be ar- either the local or remote actuators ranged with a means of manual control shall not void the ability of the other locally at the valve and remotely from actuator to close the valve. a readily accessible and safe location (iv) The valve shall be provided with outside of the compartment in which a means of emergency manual oper- the valves are located. ation to both open and close the valve (i) In the special case of a deep tank regardless of the status of the power in any shaft tunnel, piping tunnel, or operating system. Such manual oper- similar space, one or more valves must ation may interfere with the power op- be fitted on the tank, but control in eration, and if so, shall be protected the event of fire may be effected by from causal use by means of covers, means of an additional valve on the locking devices, or other suitable piping outside the tunnel or similar means. Instructions and warnings re- space. Any such additional valve in- garding the emergency system shall be stalled inside a machinery space must conspicuously posted at the valve. be capable of being operated from out- (4) Remote operation for shutoff side this space. valves on small independent oil tanks (ii) [Reserved] will be specially considered in each (2) If valves are installed on the in- case where the size of tanks and their side of the tank, they may be made of location may warrant the omission of cast iron and arranged for remote con- remote operating rods. trol only. Additional valves for local (e) Fuel oil tanks overhanging boilers control must be located in the space are prohibited. where the system exits from the tank (f) Valves for drawing fuel or drain- or adjacent tanks. Valves for local con- ing water from fuel are not permitted trol outside the tanks must be made of in fuel oil systems except that a single steel, ductile cast iron ASTM A 395 (in- valve may be permitted in the case of corporated by reference, see § 56.01–2), diesel driven machinery if suitably lo- or a ductile nonferrous alloy having a cated within the machinery space away melting point above 1,700 °F. from any potential source of ignition. (3) Power operated valves installed to Such a valve shall be fitted with a cap comply with the requirements of this or a plug to prevent leakage. section must meet the following re- (g) Test cocks must not be fitted to quirements: fuel oil or cargo oil tanks. (i) Valve actuators must be capable (h) Oil piping must not run through of closing the valves under all condi- feed or potable water tanks. Feed or tions, except during physical interrup- potable water piping must not pass tion of the power system (e.g., cable through oil tanks. breakage or tube rupture). Fluid power (i) Where flooding equalizing cross- actuated valves, other than those connections between fuel or cargo opened against spring pressure, must tanks are required for stability consid- be provided with an energy storage sys- erations, the arrangement must be ap- tem which is protected, as far as prac- proved by the Marine Safety Center. ticable, from fire and collision. The (j) Piping conveying oil must be run storage system must be used for no well away from hot surfaces wherever
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possible. Where such leads are unavoid- fittings must be of steel or other ap- able, only welded joints are to be used, proved material, except that the use of or alternatively, suitable shields are to flexible piping or hose is permitted in be fitted in the way of flanged or me- accordance with the applicable require- chanical pipe joints when welded joints ments of §§ 56.35–10, 56.35–15, and 56.60– are not practicable. Piping that con- 25(c). veys fuel oil or lubricating oil to equip- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as ment and is in the proximity of equip- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, ment or lines having an open flame or 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; having parts operating above 500 °F CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40609, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR must be of seamless steel. (See § 56.50– 39968, Oct. 1, 1990; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, 65 of this part.) May 10, 1995; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, (k) Oil piping drains, strainers and Sept. 29, 2000] other equipment subject to normal oil leakage must be fitted with drip pans § 56.50–65 Burner fuel-oil service sys- or other means to prevent oil draining tems. into the bilge. (a) All discharge piping from the fuel (l) Where oil piping passes through a oil service pumps to burners must be non-oil tank without stop valves com- seamless steel with a thickness of at plying with paragraph (d) of this sec- least Schedule 80. If required by § 56.07– tion installed at all tank penetrations, 10(e) of this part or paragraph 104.1.2 of the piping must comply with § 56.50– ANSI B31.1, the thickness must be 50(k). greater than Schedule 80. Short lengths (m) Each arrangement for the stor- of steel, or annealed copper nickel, age, distribution, and use of oil in a nickel copper, or copper pipe and tub- pressure-lubrication system must— ing may be used between the fuel oil (1) As well as comply with § 56.50–80, burner front header manifold and the be such as to ensure the safety of the atomizer head to provide flexibility. vessel and all persons aboard; and All material used must meet the re- (2) In a machinery space, meet the quirements of subpart 56.60 of this part. applicable requirements of §§ 56.50–60 The use of non-metallic materials is (b)(2) and (d), 56.50–85(a)(11), 56.50–90 (c) prohibited. The thickness of the short and (d), and 58.01–55(f) of this sub- lengths must not be less than the larg- chapter. No arrangement need comply er of 0.9 mm (0.35 inch) or that required with § 58.50–90 (c)(1) and (c)(3) of this by § 56.07–10(e) of this part. Flexible me- subchapter if the sounding pipe is tallic tubing for this application may fitted with an effective means of clo- be used when approved by the Marine sure, such as a threaded cap or plug or Safety Center. Tubing fittings must be other means acceptable to the Officer of the flared type except that flareless in Charge, Marine Inspection. The use fittings of the nonbite type may be of flexible piping or hose is permitted used when the tubing is steel, nickel in accordance with the applicable re- copper or copper nickel. quirements of §§ 56.35–10, 56.35–15, and (b)(1) All vessels having oil fired boil- 56.60–25(c). ers must have at least two fuel service (n) Each arrangement for the stor- pumps, each of sufficient capacity to age, distribution, and use of any other supply all the boilers at full power, and flammable oil employed under pressure arranged so that one may be over- in a power transmission-system, con- hauled while the other is in service. At trol and activating system, or heating least two fuel oil heaters of approxi- system must be such as to ensure the mately equal capacity must be in- safety of the vessel and all persons stalled and so arranged that any heater aboard by— may be overhauled while the other(s) is (1) Complying with Subpart 58.30 of (are) in service. Suction and discharge this subchapter; and, strainers must be of the duplex or (2) Where means of ignition are other type capable of being cleaned present, meeting the applicable re- without interrupting the oil supply. quirements of §§ 56.50–85(a)(11), 56.50–90 (2) All auxiliary boilers, except those (c) and (d), and 58.01–55(f) of this sub- furnishing steam for vital equipment chapter. Each pipe and its valves and and fire extinguishing purposes other
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than duplicate installations, may be meeting the requirements of subpart equipped with a single fuel oil service 56.60. pump and a single fuel oil heater. Such (2) Tubing wall thicknesses shall not pumps need not be fitted with dis- be less than the larger of that shown in charge strainers. Table 56.50–70(a), or as required by (3) Strainers must be located so as to § 56.07–10(e) and 104.1.2 of ANSI–B31.1. preclude the possibility of spraying oil (3) Tubing fittings shall be of non- on the burner or boiler casing, or be ferrous drawn or forged metal and of provided with spray shields. Coamings, the flared type except that the flareless drip pans, etc., must be fitted under fittings of the nonbite type may be fuel oil service pumps, heaters, etc., used when the tubing system is of nick- where necessary to prevent oil drain- el copper or copper nickel. Tubing shall age to the bilge. be cut square and flared by suitable (4) Boilers burning fuel oils of low tools. Tube ends shall be annealed be- viscosity need not be equipped with fore flaring. Pipe fittings shall be of fuel oil heaters, provided acceptable nonferrous material. Pipe thread joints evidence is furnished to indicate that shall be made tight with a suitable satisfactory combustion will be ob- compound. tained without the use of heaters. (4) Valves for fuel lines shall be of (c) Piping between service pumps and nonferrous material of the union bon- burners shall be located so as to be net type with ground seats except that readily observable, and all bolted cocks may be used if they are the solid flange joints shall be provided with a bottom type with tapered plugs and wrap around deflector to deflect spray union bonnets. in case of a leak. The relief valve lo- cated at the pump and the relief valves TABLE 56.50±70(a)ÐTUBING WALL THICKNESS fitted to the fuel oil heaters shall dis- Thickness charge back into the settling tank or Outside diameter of tubing in inches the suction side of the pump. The re- B.W.G. Inch
turn line from the burners shall be so # 1¤8, 3¤16, 1¤4 ...... 21 0.032 arranged that the suction piping can- 5 3 # ¤16, ¤8 ...... 20 .035 # not be subjected to discharge pressure. 7¤16, 1¤2 ...... 19 .042 (d) If threaded-bonnet valves are em- ployed, they shall be of the union-bon- (b) Installation. (1) All fuel pipes, pipe net type capable of being packed under connections, and accessories shall be pressure. readily accessible. The piping shall run (e) Unions shall not be used for pipe in sight wherever practicable, pro- diameters of 1 inch and above. tected against mechanical injury, and (f) Boiler header valves of the quick effectively secured against excessive closing type shall be installed in the movement and vibration by the use of fuel supply lines as close to the boiler soft nonferrous metal liners or straps front header as practicable. The loca- without sharp edges. Where passing tion is to be accessible to the operator through steel decks or bulkheads, fuel or remotely controlled. lines shall be protected by close fitting (g) Bushings and street ells are not ferrules or stuffing boxes. Refer to permitted in fuel oil discharge piping. § 56.30–25 for tubing joint installations. (h) Each fuel-oil service pump must (2) A short length of suitable metallic be equipped with controls as required or nonmetallic flexible tubing or hose, by § 58.01–25 of this subchapter. or a loop of annealed copper tubing [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as shall be installed in the fuel supply line amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, at or near the engine to prevent dam- 1970; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40609, Oct. 2, 1989; age by vibration. If nonmetallic flexi- CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995] ble hose is used it shall meet the re- quirements of § 56.60–25(c) for fuel serv- § 56.50–70 Gasoline fuel systems. ice. Flexible hose connections should (a) Material. (1) Fuel supply piping to maintain metallic contact between the the engines shall be of seamless drawn sections of the fuel supply lines; how- annealed copper pipe or tubing, nickel ever, if such contact is not maintained, copper, or copper nickel pipe or tubing the fuel tank shall be grounded.
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(3) Valves in fuel lines shall be in- the weather deck and not less than 3 stalled to close against the flow. feet from any opening into living quar- (c) Shutoff valves. Shutoff valves of a ters or other below deck space. The suitable type shall be installed in the ends of vent pipes shall terminate with fuel supply lines, one as close to each U-bends and shall be fitted with flame tank as practicable, and one as close to screens or flame arresters. The flame each carburetor as practicable. Where screens shall consist of a single screen fuel tanks are installed below the of corrosion resistant wire of at least weather deck, arrangements shall be 30 by 30 mesh. provided for operating all shutoff (i) Gasoline tanks. For requirements valves at the tanks from outside the pertaining to independent gasoline fuel compartments in which they are lo- tanks see subpart 58.50 of this sub- cated, preferably from an accessible po- chapter. sition on the weather deck. The oper- (j) Fuel pumps. Each fuel pump must ating gear for the shutoff valves at the be equipped with controls as required tanks shall be accessible at all times by § 58.01–25 of this subchapter. and shall be suitably marked. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (d) Strainers. A suitable twin strainer amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, shall be fitted in the fuel supply line in 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; the engine compartment. Strainers CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995] shall be of the type opening on top for cleaning screens. A drip pan shall be § 56.50–75 Diesel fuel systems. fitted under the strainer. (a) Vessels greater than 100 gross tons. (e) Outlets and drains. Outlets in fuel (1) The diesel fuel system shall comply lines for drawing gasoline for any pur- with §§ 56.50–60, 56.50–85, and 56.50–90. pose are prohibited. Valved openings in The fuel supply piping to engines shall the bottom of fuel tanks are prohib- be of seamless steel, annealed seamless ited; however, openings fitted with copper or brass pipe or tubing, or of threaded plug or cap can be used for nickel copper or copper nickel alloy cleaning purposes. meeting the requirements of subpart (f) Fuel suction connections. All fuel 56.60 for materials and § 56.50–70(a)(2) suction and return lines shall enter the for thickness. Fuel oil service or unit top of the fuel tanks and connections pumps shall be equipped with controls shall be fitted into spuds. Such lines to comply with § 58.01–25 of this sub- shall extend nearly to the bottom of chapter. the tank. (2) The installation shall comply (g) Filling and sounding pipes. Filling with § 56.50–70(b). and sounding pipes shall be so arranged (3) Tubing connections and fittings that vapors or possible overflow when shall be drawn or forged metal of the filling cannot escape to the inside of flared type except that flareless fit- the vessel but will discharge overboard. tings of the nonbite type may be used Such pipes shall terminate on the when the tubing system is steel, nick- weather deck clear of any coamings el-copper, or copper-nickel. When mak- and shall be fitted with suitable shutoff ing flared tube connections the tubing valves or deck plugs. Filling and sound- shall be cut square and flared by suit- ing pipes shall extend to within one- able tools. Tube ends shall be annealed half of their diameter from the bottom before flaring. of the tank or from the surface of the (b) Vessels of 100 gross tons and less striking plate in case of a sounding and tank barges. (1) Materials. Fuel sup- pipe. A flame screen of noncorrodible ply piping shall be of copper, nickel wire mesh shall be fitted in the throat copper or copper nickel having a min- of the filling pipe. Sounding pipes shall imum wall thickness of 0.035 inch ex- be kept closed at all times except dur- cept that piping of other materials ing sounding. such as seamless steel pipe or tubing (h) Vent pipes. Each tank shall be which provides equivalent safety may fitted with a vent, the cross-sectional be used. area of which shall not be less than (2) Tubing connections and fittings. that of the filling pipe. The vent pipes Tubing connections shall comply with shall terminate at least 2 feet above the provisions of § 56.50–75(a)(3).
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(3) Installation. The installation of graph (c) of this section in the case of diesel fuel piping shall comply with the internal combustion engines, two sepa- requirements of § 56.50–70(b). rate means are to be provided for circu- (4) Shutoff valves. Shutoff valves shall lating coolant on those engines on be installed in the fuel supply lines, which oil coolers are fitted. One of one as close to each tank as prac- those means must be independently ticable, and one as close to each fuel driven and may consist of a connection pump as practicable. Valves shall be from a pump of adequate size normally accessible at all times. used for other purposes utilizing the re- (5) Outlets and drains. Valves for re- quired coolant. Where the design of an moving water or impurities from fuel oil systems will be permitted in the engine will not readily accommodate machinery space provided such valves an independent pump connection, the are fitted with caps or plugs to prevent independent auxiliary pump will not be leakage. required if a duplicate of the attached (6) Filling pipe. Tank filling pipes on pump is carried as a spare. Oil filters motorboats and motor vessels of less shall be provided on all internal com- than 100 gross tons and tank barges bustion engine installations. On main shall terminate on an open deck and propulsion engines which are fitted shall be fitted with suitable shutoff with full-flow type filters, the arrange- valves, deck plugs, or caps. ment shall be such that the filters may (7) Vent pipes. Each tank shall be be cleaned without interrupting the oil fitted with a vent pipe complying with supply except that such an arrange- § 56.50–85. ment is not required on vessels having (8) Independent diesel fuel tanks. See more than a single main propulsion en- subpart 58.50 of this subchapter for spe- gine. cific requirements. (e) The lubricating oil piping shall be [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as independent of other piping systems amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40610, Oct. 2, and shall be provided with necessary 1989] coolers, heaters, filters, etc., for proper § 56.50–80 Lubricating-oil systems. operation. Oil heaters shall be fitted with bypasses. (a) The lubricating oil system shall be designed to function satisfactorily (f) Diesel engine lubrication systems when the vessel has a permanent 15° shall be so arranged that vapors from list and a permanent 5° trim. the sump tank may not be discharged (b) When pressure or gravity-forced back into the engine crank case of en- lubrication is employed for the steam gines of the dry sump type. driven main propelling machinery, an (g) Steam turbine driven propulsion independent auxiliary lubricating and auxiliary generating machinery de- pump shall be provided. pending on forced lubrication shall be (c) Oil coolers on steam driven ma- arranged to shut down automatically chinery shall be provided with two sep- upon failure of the lubricating system. arate means of circulating water (h) Sight-flow glasses may be used in through the coolers. lubricating-oil systems provided it has (d) For internal combustion engine been demonstrated, to the satisfaction installations, the requirements of para- of the Commanding Officer, Marine graphs (b) and (c) of this section shall Safety Center, that they can withstand be met, but they do not apply to ves- exposure to a flame at a temperature of sels in river and harbor service, nor to 927 °C (1700 °F) for one hour, without any vessel below 300 gross tons. Where failure or appreciable leakage. the size and design of an engine is such that lubrication before starting is not (i) Steam driven propulsion machin- necessary and an attached pump is nor- ery must be provided with an emer- mally used, the independent auxiliary gency supply of lubricating oil that pump is not required if a duplicate of must operate automatically upon fail- the attached pump is carried as spare. ure of the lubricating oil system. The In meeting the requirements of para- emergency oil supply must be adequate
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to provide lubrication until the equip- inches (760mm) on the freeboard deck ment comes to rest during automatic and 171⁄2 inches (450mm) on the super- shutdown. structure deck. On Great Lakes ves- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as sels, the height from the deck to any amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, point where water may gain access 1970; CGD 81–030, 53 FR 17837, May 18, 1988; through the vent to below deck must CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995] be at least 30 inches (760mm) on the freeboard deck, 24 inches (610mm) on § 56.50–85 Tank-vent piping. the raised quarterdeck, and 12 inches (a) This section applies to vents for (305mm) on other superstructure decks. all independent, fixed, non-pressure Where the height of vents on Great tanks or containers or for spaces in Lakes vessels may interfere with the which liquids, such as fuel, ship’s working of the vessel, a lower height stores, cargo, or ballast, are carried. may be approved by the Marine Safety (1) The structural arrangement in Center provided the vent cap is prop- double bottom and other tanks shall be erly protected from mechanical dam- such as to permit the free passage of age. For barges in inland service, the air and gases from all parts of the vents must extend at least six inches tanks to vent pipes. above the deck. A lesser amount may (2) Tanks having a comparatively be approved by the Marine Safety Cen- small surface, such as fuel oil settling ter if evidence is provided that a par- tanks, need be fitted with only one ticular vent has proven satisfactory in vent pipe, but tanks having a compara- service. tively large surface shall be fitted with (7) Satisfactory means, permanently at least two vent pipes. The vents shall attached, shall be provided for closing be located so as to provide venting of the openings of all vents, except that the tanks under any service condition. barges in inland service may be ex- (3) Vent pipes for fuel oil tanks shall, empted. Acceptable means of closure wherever possible, have a slope of no are: ° less than 30 . Header lines, where both (i) A ball check valve where the ball ends are adequately drained to a tank, float, normally in the open position, are excluded from this requirement. will float up and close under the action (4) Tank vents must extend above the of a submerging wave. The valve shall weather deck, except vents from fresh be designed so that the effective clear water tanks, bilge oily-water holding discharge area through the valve with tanks, bilge slop tanks, and tanks con- the float in the open position is not taining Grade E combustible liquids, less than the inlet area of the vent pipe such as lubricating oil, may terminate to which the valve is connected. in the machinery space, provided— (i) The vents are arranged to prevent (ii) A hinged closure normally open overflow on machinery, electrical on the outlet of the return bend, which equipment, and hot surfaces; must close automatically by the force (ii) Tanks containing combustible of a submerging wave; or liquids are not heated; and (iii) Another suitable device accept- (iii) The vents terminate above the able to the Commanding Officer, Ma- deep load waterline if the tanks have rine Safety Center. boundaries in common with the hull. (8) Vent outlets from all tanks which (5) Vents from oil tanks must termi- may emit flammable or combustible nate not less than three feet from any vapors, such as bilge slop tanks and opening into living quarters. contaminated drain tanks, must be (6) Vents extending above the fitted with a single screen of corrosion- freeboard deck or superstructure deck resistant wire of at least 30 by 30 mesh, from fuel oil and other tanks must be or two screens of at least 20 by 20 mesh at least Schedule 40 in wall thickness. spaced not less than one-half inch Except for barges in inland service and (13mm) nor more than 11⁄2 inches for Great Lakes vessels, the height (38mm) apart. The clear area through from the deck to any point where the mesh must not be less than the in- water may gain access through the ternal unobstructed area of the re- vent to below deck must be at least 30 quired pipe.
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(9) Where vents are provided with must terminate above the weather flame screens, the closure device shall deck. be situated so as not to damage these [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as screens. amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40610, Oct. 2, (10) The diameter of each vent pipe 1989; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995; must not be less than 11⁄2 inches nomi- CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995] nal pipe size for fresh water tanks, 2 § 56.50–90 Sounding devices. inches nominal pipe size for water bal- last tanks, and 21⁄2 inches nominal pipe (a) Each tank must be provided with size for fuel oil tanks, except that a suitable means of determining liquid small independent tanks need not have level. Except for a main cargo tank on a tank vessel, each integral hull tank a vent more than 25% greater in cross- and compartment, unless at all times sectional area than the fill line. accessible while the vessel is operating, (11)(i) If a tank may be filled by a must be fitted with a sounding pipe. pressure head exceeding that for which (b) Where sounding pipes terminate the tank is designed, the aggregate below the freeboard deck on cargo ves- cross-sectional area of the vents in sels, they shall be fitted with gate each tank must be not less than the valves. On passenger vessels, where cross-sectional area of the filling line sounding pipes terminate below the unless the tank is protected by over- bulkhead deck, they shall be fitted flows, in which case the aggregate with self-closing gate valves. cross-sectional area of the overflows (c) Except as allowed by this para- must be not less than the cross-sec- graph, on each vessel constructed on or tional area of the filling line. after June 9, 1995, no sounding pipe (ii) Provision must be made to guard used in a fuel-oil tank may terminate against liquids rising in the venting in any space where the risk of ignition system to a height that would exceed of spillage from the pipe might arise. None may terminate in a space for pas- the design head of a cargo tank or fuel- sengers or crew. When practicable, oil tank. It may be made by high-level none may terminate in a machinery alarms or overflow-control systems or space. When the Commanding Officer, other, equivalent means, together with Marine Safety Center, determines it gauging devices and procedures for fill- impracticable to avoid terminating a ing cargo tanks. pipe in a machinery space, a sounding (12) Where deep tanks are intended pipe may terminate in a machinery for the occasional carriage of dry or space if all the following requirements liquid cargo, a ‘‘spectacle’’ or ring and are met: blank flange may be fitted in the over- (1) In addition to the sounding pipe, flow pipe so arranged as not to inter- the fuel-oil tank has an oil-level gauge fere with venting when the tanks con- complying with paragraph (d) of this tain oil. section. (13) Vents from fresh water or water (2) The pipe terminates in a place re- ballast tanks shall not be connected to mote from ignition hazards unless pre- a common header with vents from oil cautions are taken such as fitting an effective screen (shield) to prevent the or oily ballast tanks. fuel oil, in case of spillage through the (b) Tank vents must remain within end of the pipe, from coming into con- the watertight subdivision boundaries tact with a source of ignition. in which the tanks they vent are lo- (3) The end of the pipe is fitted with cated. Where the structural configura- a self-closing blanking device and a tion of a vessel makes meeting this re- small-diameter, self-closing control quirement impracticable, the Marine cock located below the blanking device Safety Center may permit a tank vent for the purpose of ascertaining before to penetrate a watertight subdivision the blanking device is opened that no bulkhead. All tank vents which pene- fuel oil is present. Provision must be trate watertight subdivision bulkheads made to ensure that no spillage of fuel
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oil through the control cock involves similar openings in the vessel’s side an ignition hazard. shall be reduced to a minimum, either (d) On each vessel constructed on or by making each discharge serve for as after June 9, 1995, other oil-level many as possible of the sanitary and gauges may be used instead of sounding other pipes, or in any other satisfac- pipes if all the following requirements tory manner. are met: (3) In general, when the bulkhead (1) In a passenger vessel, no such deck is above the freeboard deck, the gauge may require penetration below requirements of this section apply rel- the top of the tank, and neither the ative to the bulkhead deck. For vessels failure of a gauge nor an overfilling of not assigned load lines, such as certain the tank may permit release of fuel inland vessels and barges, the weather into the space. deck shall be taken as the freeboard (2) In a cargo vessel, neither the fail- deck. ure of such a gauge nor an overfilling (b)(1) Scuppers and discharge pipes of the tank may permit release of fuel originating at any level and pentrating into the space. The use of cylindrical the shell either more than 171⁄2 inches gauge-glasses is prohibited. The use of (450mm) below the freeboard deck or oil-level gauges with flat glasses and less than 231⁄2 inches (600mm) above the self-closing valves between the gauges summer load waterline must be pro- and fuel tanks is acceptable. vided with an automatic nonreturn (e) The upper ends of sounding pipes valve at the shell. This valve, unless terminating at the weather deck shall required by paragraph (b)(2) of this sec- be closed by a screw cap or plug. Great tion, may be omitted if the piping is Lakes dry cargo carriers may have the not less than Schedule 80 in wall thick- sounding pipes which service ballast ness for nominal pipe sizes through 8 water tanks terminate at least 4 inches inches, Schedule 60 for nominal pipe above the deck if closure is provided by sizes above 8 inches and below 16 a tight fitting hinged cover making inches, and Schedule 40 for nominal metal-to-metal contact with the hinge pipe sizes 16 inches and above. on the forward side. Positive means to (2) Discharges led through the shell secure these caps in the closed position originating either from spaces below shall be provided. Provision shall be the freeboard deck or from within en- made to prevent damage to the vessels’ closed superstructures and equivalent plating by the striking of the sounding deckhouses on the freeboard deck as rod. defined in § 42.13–15(i) of subchapter E (f) On mobile offshore drilling units (Load Lines) of this chapter, shall be where installation of sounding pipes fitted with efficient and accessible may not be practicable for some tanks, means for preventing water from pass- alternate means of determining liquid ing inboard. Normally each separate level may be used if approved by the discharge shall have one automatic Commandant. nonreturn valve with a positive means [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as of closing it from a position above the amended by CGD 73–251, 43 FR 56800, Dec. 4, freeboard deck. Where, however, the 1978; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24774, May 10, 1995; vertical upward distance from the sum- CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, 1997] mer load line to the inboard end of the discharge pipe through which flooding § 56.50–95 Overboard discharges and can take place exceed 0.01L, the dis- shell connections. charge may have two automatic non- (a)(1) All inlets and discharges led return valves without positive means through the vessel’s side shall be fitted of closing, provided that the inboard with efficient and accessible means, lo- valve is always accessible for examina- cated as close to the hull penetrations tion under service conditions. Where as is practicable, for preventing the ac- that vertical distance exceeds 0.02L a cidental admission of water into the single automatic nonreturn valve with- vessel either through such pipes or in out positive means of closing is accept- the event of fracture of such pipes. able. In an installation where the two (2) The number of scuppers, sanitary automatic nonreturn valves are used, discharges, tank overflows, and other the inboard valve must be above the
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tropical load line. The means for oper- cally controlled if the valve is located ating the positive action valve shall be in a manned machinery space. These readily accessible and provided with an controls shall be readily accessible indicator showing whether the valve is above the floor plates and shall be pro- open or closed. A suitable arrangement vided with indication showing whether shall be made to insure the valve is not the valve is opened or closed. Manned closed by unauthorized persons, and a machinery spaces include the main ma- notice shall be posted in a conspicuous chinery space and are either attended place at the operating station to the ef- by the crew or are automated in ac- fect that the valve shall not be closed cordance with part 62 of this sub- except as required in an emergency. chapter to be comparable to an at- (3) Where scuppers and drains are in- tended space. stalled in superstructures or deck- (2) In unmanned machinery spaces, houses not enclosed as defined in all machinery inlets and discharges as § 42.13–15(j) of subchapter E (Load described in paragraph (d)(1) of this Lines) of this chapter, they shall be led section shall be remotely operable overboard. Refer to paragraph (b)(1) of from a position above the freeboard this section for any nonreturn valve re- deck unless otherwise approved and quirement. shall meet the access and marking re- (4) Sanitary pump discharges leading quirements of paragraph (b)(2) of this directly overboard or via a holding section. tank must meet the standards pre- (e)(1) Pipes terminating at the shell scribed by this paragraph. The location plating shall be fitted with bends or el- of the sanitary system openings within bows between the outboard openings the vessel determines whether the re- and the first rigid connection inboard. quirements of paragraph (b)(2) or (3) of In no case shall such pipes be fitted in this section are applicable. a direct line between the shell opening (c) Overflow pipes which discharge and the first inboard connection. through the vessel’s side must be lo- (2) Seachests and other hull fittings cated as far above the deepest load line shall be of substantial construction as practicable and fitted with valves as and as short as possible. They shall be required by paragraph (b) of this sec- located as to minimize the possibility tion. Two automatic nonreturn valves of being blocked or obstructed. must be used unless it is impracticable (3) The thickness of inlet and dis- to locate the inboard valve in an acces- charge connections outboard of the sible position, in which case a non- shutoff valves, and exclusive of return valve with a positive means of seachests, must be not less than that of closure from a position above the Schedule 80 for nominal pipe sizes freeboard deck will be acceptable. through 8 inches, Schedule 60 for nomi- Overflows which extend at least 30 nal pipe sizes above 8 inches and below inches above the freeboard deck before 16 inches, and Schedule 40 for nominal discharging overboard may be fitted pipe sizes 16 inches and above. with a single automatic nonreturn (f) Valves required by this section valve at the vessel’s side. Overflow and piping system components out- pipes which serve as tank vents must board of such required valves on new not be fitted with positive means of vessel installations or replacements in closure without the specific approval of vessels of 150 gross tons and over shall the Marine Safety Center. Overflow be of a steel, bronze, or ductile cast pipes may be vented to the weather. iron specification listed in Table 56.60– (d)(1) Sea inlets and discharges, such 1(a). Lead or other heat sensitive mate- as used in closed systems required for rials having a melting point of 1,700 °F. the operation of main and auxiliary or less shall not be used in such serv- machinery, as in pump connections or ice, or in any other application where scoop injection heat exchanger connec- the deterioration of the piping system tions, need not meet the requirements in the event of fire would give rise to of paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this sec- danger of flooding. Brittle materials tion but instead shall be fitted with a such as cast iron shall not be used in shutoff valve located as near the shell such service. Where nonmetallic mate- plating as practicable, and may be lo- rials are used in a piping system, and
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shell closures are required by this sec- bilge discharges or fire pump suctions tion, a positive closure metallic valve must not be locked closed, whether is required (see also § 56.60–25). they are sea valves or not. (g) The inboard openings of ash and [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843; Dec. 18, 1968, as rubbish-chute discharges shall be fitted amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, with efficient covers. If the inboard 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. 25, 1972; opening is located below the freeboard CGD 81–030, 53 FR 17837, May 18, 1988; CGD 77– deck, the cover shall be watertight, 140, 54 FR 40610, Oct. 2, 1989] and in addition, an automatic non- return valve shall be fitted in the chute § 56.50–96 Keel cooler installations. in any easily accessible position above (a) Keel cooler installations shall the deepest load line. Means shall be meet the requirements of § 56.50–95(d)(1) provided for securing both the cover and (2), and (e)(3), and (f) except that and the valve when the chute is not in shutoff or isolation valves will not be use. When ash-ejectors or similar ex- required for the inlet and discharge pelling devices located in the boiler- connections if: room have the inboard openings below (1) The installation is forward of the the deepest load line, they shall be collision bulkhead; or, fitted with efficient means for pre- (2) The installation is integral with venting the accidental admission of the ship’s hull such that the cooler water. The thickness of pipe for ash tubes are welded directly to the hull of ejector discharge shall be not less than the vessel with the hull forming part of Schedule 80. the tube and satisfies all of the fol- (h) Where deck drains, soil lines, and lowing: sanitary drains discharge through the (i) The cooler structure is fabricated shell in way of cargo tanks on tank from material of the same thickness vessels, the valves required by this sec- and quality as the hull plating to tion shall be located outside the cargo which it is attached except that in the tanks. These valves shall meet the ma- case of half round pipe lesser thickness terial requirements of paragraph (f) of may be used if specifically approved by this section. The piping led through the Commandant. In any case the such tanks shall be fitted with expan- structure, with the exception of the sion bends where required, and shall be hull proper, need not exceed three- of steel pipe having a wall thickness of eighths inch in thickness. not less than five-eighths inch, except (ii) The flexible connections and all that the use of suitable corrosion-re- openings internal to the vessel, such as sistant material of lesser thickness expansion tank vents and fills, in the will be given special consideration by installation are above the deepest load the Commandant. All pipe joints with- line and all piping components are in the tanks shall be welded. Soil lines Schedule 80 or thicker below the deep- and sanitary drains which pass through est load line. cargo tanks shall be provided with non- (iii) Full penetration welds are em- return valves with positive means of ployed in the fabrication of the struc- closing or other suitable means for pre- ture and its attachment to the hull. venting the entrance of gases into liv- (iv) The forward end of the structure ing quarters. must be faired to the hull such that the (i) Except as provided for in § 58.20– horizontal length of the fairing is no 20(c) of this chapter, sea valves must less than four times the height of the not be held open with locks. Where it is structure, or be in a protected location necessary to hold a discharge or intake such as inside a bow thruster trunk. closed with a lock, either a locking [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as valve may be located inboard of the sea amended by CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, Mar. valve, or the design must be such that 25, 1972; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40611, Oct. 2, 1989] there is sufficient freedom of motion to fully close the locked sea valve after § 56.50–97 Instrument, control and an event, such as fire damage to the sampling piping (modifies 122.3). seat, causes significant leakage (a) Instrument, control and sampling through the valve. Valves which must piping must comply with paragraph be opened in and emergency, such as 122.3 of ANSI–B31.1 except that:
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(1) Soldered type fittings may not be will prevent the back flow of gas into used. the supply lines and prevent the pas- (2) The outside diameter of takeoff sage of flame into the supply lines. connections may not be less than 0.840 (k) Shutoff valves shall be fitted at inches for service conditions up to 900 each outlet. psi or 800 °F., and 1.050 inches for condi- tions that exceed either of these limits. [CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, 1997] [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as § 56.50–105 Low-temperature piping. amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975] (a) Class I–L. Piping systems des- ignated to operate at temperatures § 56.50–103 Fixed oxygen-acetylene dis- below 0 °F. and pressures above 150 tribution piping. pounds per square inch gage shall be of (a) This section applies to fixed pip- Class I–L. Exceptions to this rule may ing installed for the distribution of ox- be found in the individual requirements ygen and acetylene carried in cylinders for specific commodities in subchapters as vessels stores. D, I, and O of this chapter. The fol- (b) The distribution piping shall be of lowing requirements for Class I–L pip- at least standard wall thickness and ing systems shall be satisfied: shall include a means, located as close (1) Materials. All materials used in to the supply cylinders as possible, of low temperature piping systems shall regulating the pressure from the sup- be selected from among those specifica- ply cylinders to the suitable pressure tions listed in Table 56.50–105 and shall at the outlet stations. satisfy all of the requirements of the (c) Acetylene distribution piping and specifications, except that: pipe fittings must be seamless steel. (i) The minimum service temperature Copper alloys containing less than 65 as defined in § 54.25–10(a)(2) of this sub- percent copper may be used in connec- chapter shall not be colder than that tion with valves, regulators, gages, and shown in Table 56.50–105; and other equipment used with acetylene. (ii) The material shall be tested for (d) Oxygen distribution piping and pipe fittings must be seamless steel or low temperature toughness using the copper. Charpy V-notch specimen of ASTM E (e) When more than two cylinders are 23 (incorporated by reference, see connected to a manifold, the supply § 56.01–2), ‘‘Notched Bar Impact Testing pipe between each cylinder and mani- of Metallic Materials’’, Type A, Figure fold shall be fitted with a non-return 4. The toughness testing requirements valve. of subpart 54.05 of this subchapter shall (f) Except for the cylinder manifolds, be satisfied for each particular product acetylene is not to be piped at a pres- form. Charpy V-notch tests shall be sure in excess of 100 kPa (14.7 psi). conducted at temperatures not warmer (g) Pipe joints on the low pressure than 10 °F. below the minimum service side of the regulators shall be welded. temperature of the design, except that (h) Branch lines shall not run for service temperatures of —320 °F. through unventilated spaces or accom- and below, the impact test may be con- modation spaces. ducted at the service temperature. The (i) Relief valves or rupture discs shall minimum average energy shall not be be installed as relief devices in the pip- less than that shown in Table 56.50–105. ing system if the maximum design In the case of steels conforming to the pressure of the piping system can be specifications of Table 54.25–20(a) of exceeded. The relief device set pressure this subchapter the minimum lateral shall not exceed the maximum design expansion shall not be less than that pressure of the piping system. Relief required in § 54.25–20 of this subchapter. devices shall discharge to a location in The minimum energy permitted for a the weather at least 3 m (10 ft) from single specimen and the minimum sources of ignition or openings to subsize energies shall be those obtained spaces or tanks. by multiplying the average energy (j) Outlet stations are to be provided shown in Table 56.50–105 by the applica- with suitable protective devices which ble fraction shown in Table 56.50–105(a).
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TABLE 56.50±105(a)ÐCHARPY V-NOTCH of circumferentially welded joints ENERGY MULTIPLYING FACTORS must comply with § 56.95–10. Seamless tubular products must be used except Factor for Factor for minimum minimum that, when the service pressure does Charpy V-notch specimen size 1 energy, av- energy sin- not exceed 1724 KPa (250 psi), the Com- erage of 3 gle speci- specimens 1 men 1 manding Officer, Marine Safety Center, may give special consideration to ap- 10×10 mm ...... 1 2/3 propriate grades of piping and tubing 10×7.5 mm ...... 5/6 5/9 10×5.0 mm ...... 2/3 4/9 that are welded without the addition of 10×2.5 mm ...... 1/2 1/3 filler metal in the root pass. Each pro- 1 Straight line interpolation for intermediate values is duction procedure and quality-control permitted. program for welded products must be (iii) Steels equivalent to those listed acceptable to the Officer in Charge, in Table 56.50–105 of this part, but not Marine Inspection. produced according to a particular (b) Class II–L. Piping systems de- ASTM specification, may be used only signed to operate at temperatures with the prior consent of the Marine below 0 °F. and pressures not higher Safety Center. Steels differing in than 150 pounds per square inch gage chemical composition, mechanical shall be of Class II–L. Exceptions to properties or heat treatments from this rule may be found in the indi- those specified may be specially ap- vidual requirements for specific com- proved by the Marine Safety Center. modities in subchapter D (Tank Ves- Similarly, aluminum alloys and other sels) and I (Cargo and Miscellaneous nonferrous materials not covered in Vessels) of this chapter. The following Table 56.50–105 of this part may be spe- requirements for Class II–L piping sys- cifically approved by the Marine Safe- tems shall be satisfied: ty Center for service at any low tem- (1) Materials must be the same as perature. There are restrictions on the those required by paragraph (a)(1) of use of certain materials in this part this section except that pipe and tub- and in subchapter O of this chapter. ing of appropriate grades welded with- (2) Piping weldments. Piping out the addition of a filler metal may weldments shall be fabricated to sat- be used. The Commandant may give isfy the requirements of § 57.03–1(b) of special consideration to tubular prod- this subchapter in addition to subpart ucts welded with the addition of filler 56.70. Toughness testing of production metal. weldments for low temperature piping (2) Piping weldments shall be fab- systems and assemblies is not required. ricated to satisfy the requirements of (3) Postweld heat treatment. All piping § 57.03–1(b) of this subchapter in addi- weldments shall be postweld heat tion to subpart 56.70. Toughness testing treated for stress relief in accordance of production weldments for low tem- with the procedures of subpart 56.85. perature piping systems and assemblies The only exceptions to this require- is not required. ment are for materials which do not re- (3) All piping weldments shall be quire postweld heat treatment as postweld heat treated for stress relief shown in Table 56.85–10. Relief from in accordance with the procedures of postweld heat treatment shall not be subpart 56.85. The only exceptions to dependent upon pipe thickness or weld this requirement are for materials joint type. which do not require postweld heat (4) Nonacceptable joints. Single welded treatment as shown in Table 56.85–10 butt joints with backing ring left in and for socket weld joints and slip-on place, socket welds, slip-on flanges, flange weld attachments where the pipe joining sleeves, and threaded weld thickness does not exceed that ex- joints shall not be used, except in small empted by this table. Otherwise, relief diameter instrument lines. from post-weld heat treatment shall (5) Other requirements. All other re- not be dependent upon pipe thickness quirements of this part for Class I pip- or weld joint type. ing apply to Class I–L piping. Pressure (4) Socket welds in nominal sizes testing must comply with subpart 56.97 above 3 inches, slip-on flanges in nomi- of this part, and nondestructive testing nal sizes above 4 inches, and threaded
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joints in sizes above 1 inch shall not be (6) All other requirements contained used. in this part for Class II piping shall be (5) Pressure testing must comply applicable to Class II–L systems, ex- with Subpart 56.97, and nondestructive cept that § 56.70–15(b)(3)(iv) shall not testing of welded joints must comply apply. with § 56.95–10.
TABLE 56.50±105ÐACCEPTABLE MATERIALS AND TOUGHNESS TEST CRITERIA 2
3 4 Minimum service tem- Minimum avg Charpy V Product form ASTM specification Grade perature notch energy
Pipe ...... 1 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. 3 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. Tube (carbon and low A±333 and 4 (A±333 only) ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. alloy steels). A±334 ...... 6 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. 7 ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. 8 ...... ¥320 °F ...... Refer to § 54.25±20 of this subchapter. Pipe (Austenitic stain- A±312 ...... All Grades ...... No limit ...... Austenitic stainless less steel). steel piping need be impact tested only when toughness tests are specified in subpart 54.25 of this subchapter for plating of the same alloy designation. When such toughness tests are required, the min- imum average en- ergy is 25 ft. lb. Wrought welding fittings WPL1 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. (carbon and low alloy A±420 ...... WPL3 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. steels). WPL4 ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. Forged or rolled LF1 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. flanges, forged fittings, valves A±350 1 ...... LF2 ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. and pressure parts LF3 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. (carbon and low alloy LF4 ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. steels). Forged or rolled A±182 ...... Austenitic grades only No limit ...... These products need flanges, forged fit- (304, 304H, 304L, be impact tested only tings, valves and 310, 316, 316H, when toughness pressure parts (high 316L, 321, 321H, tests are specified in alloy steels). 347, 347H, 348, subpart 54.25 of this 348H). subchapter for plating of the same alloy designation. When such toughness tests are required, the min- imum average en- ergy is 25 ft. lb. Forged flanges, fittings, A±522 ...... 9% Ni ...... ¥320 °F ...... Refer to § 54.25±20 of and valves (9% nick- this subchapter. el). Castings for valves and LCB ...... ¥30 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. pressure parts (car- A±3521 ...... LC1 ...... ¥50 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. bon and low alloy steels). LC2 ...... ¥100 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. LC3 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 25 ft. lb. Castings for valves and A±351 ...... Austenitic grades CF3, No limit, except ¥325 No toughness testing pressure parts (high CF3A, CF8, CF8A, °F for grades CF8C required except for alloy steel). CF3M, CF8M, CF8C, and CK20. service temperatures CK20 only. colder than ¥425 °F for grades CF3, CF3A, CF8, CF8A, CF3M, and CF8M. 25 ft. lb. average must be attained in these tests. Bolting ...... A±320 ...... L7, L9, L10, L43 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. B8D, B8T, B8F, B8M ... ¥325 °F ...... No test required.
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TABLE 56.50±105ÐACCEPTABLE MATERIALS AND TOUGHNESS TEST CRITERIA 2ÐContinued
3 4 Minimum service tem- Minimum avg Charpy V Product form ASTM specification Grade perature notch energy
2B8, B8C ...... No limit ...... No test required, ex- cept for service tem- peratures colder than ¥425 °F. In such case the minimum average energy is 25 ft. lb. 4 ...... ¥150 °F ...... 20 ft. lb. Nuts, bolting ...... A±194 ...... 8T, 8F ...... ¥325 °F ...... No test required. 8, 8C ...... No limit ...... Same requirement as comparable grades (B8, B8C) of bolting listed above. 1 Quench and temper heat treatment may be permitted when specifically authorized by the Commandant. In those cases the minimum average Charpy V-notch energy shall be specially designated by the Commandant. 2 Other material specifications for product forms acceptable under part 54 for use at low temperatures may also be used for piping systems provided the applicable toughness requirements of this Table are also met. 3 Any repair method must be acceptable to the Commandant (G±MSE), and welding repairs as well as fabrication welding must be in accordance with part 57 of this chapter. 4 The acceptability of several alloys for low temperature service is not intended to suggest acceptable resistance to marine cor- rosion. The selection of alloys for any particular shipboard location must take corrosion resistance into account and be approved by the Marine Safety Center. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6189, 6190, Mar. 25, 1972; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CG 79–108, 43 FR 46545, Oct. 10, 1978; CGD 74– 289, 44 FR 26008, May 3, 1979; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40611, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 83–043, 60 FR 24775, May 10, 1995; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000]
§ 56.50–110 Diving support systems. of this section or Table 56.60–2(a) of (a) In addition to the requirements of this part, or they may be selected from this part, piping for diving installa- the material specifications of section I, tions which is permanently installed III, or VIII of the ASME Code if not on the vessel must meet the require- prohibited by a regulation of this sub- ments of subpart B (Commercial Div- chapter dealing with the particular ing Operations) of part 197 of this chap- section of the ASME Code. Table 56.60– ter. 1(a) of this section contains only pipe, (b) Piping for diving installations tubing, and fitting specifications. De- which is not permanently installed on termination of acceptability of plate, the vessel need not meet the require- forgings, bolting, nuts, and castings ments of this part, but must meet the may be made by reference to the ASME requirements of subpart B of part 197 of Code as previously described. Addition- this chapter. ally, accepted materials for use as pip- (c) Piping internal to a pressure ves- ing system components appear in Table sel for human occupancy (PVHO) need 56.60–2(a) of this part. Materials con- not meet the requirements of this part, forming to specifications not described but must meet the requirements of in this subparagraph must receive the subpart B of part 197 of this chapter. specific approval of the Marine Safety [CGD 76–009, 43 FR 53683, Nov. 16, 1978] Center before being used. Materials listed in Table 126.1 of ANSI B31.1 are Subpart 56.60—Materials not accepted unless specifically per- mitted by this paragraph. § 56.60–1 Acceptable materials and (b) Components made in accordance specifications (replaces 123 and with the commercial standards listed Table 126.1 in ANSI–B31.1). in Table 56.60–1(b) of this section and (a)(1) The material requirements in made of materials complying with this subpart shall be followed in lieu of paragraph (a) this section may be used those in 123 in ANSI–B31.1. in piping systems within the limita- (2) Materials used in piping systems tions of the standards and within any must be selected from the specifica- further limitations specified in this tions which appear in Table 56.60–1(a) subchapter.
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TABLE 56.60±1(A)ÐADOPTED SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS NOTE: Table 56.60±1(A) replaces Table 126.1 in ANSI B31.1 and sets forth specifications of pipes, tubing, and fittings intended for use in piping-systems. The first column lists acceptable standards from ASTM; the second lists those from ANSI. The Coast Guard will consider use of alternative pipes, tubing, and fittings when it receives certification of their mechanical prop- erties. Without this certification it will restrict use of such alternatives to piping-systems inside heat exchangers that ensure containment of the material inside pressure shells.
Pipe, seamless: A106 Carbon steel ...... ANSI±B31.1 ...... A335 Ferritic alloys ...... ANSI±B31.1 ...... A376 Austenitic alloys ...... ANSI±B31.1 ...... (1). Pipe, seamless and welded: A53 Types S, F, and E steel pipe ...... ANSI±B31.1 ...... (2, 3, 4). A312 Austenitic steel (welded with no filler metal) ...... ANSI±B31.1 ...... (1, 4). A333 Low temperature steel pipe ...... Sec. VIII, ASME Code ...... (5 ). Pipe, welded: A134 Fusion welded steel plate pipe ...... See footnote 7 ...... (7). A135 ERW pipe ...... ANSI±B31.1 ...... (3). A139 Grade B only, fusion welded steel pipe ...... ANSI±B31.1 ...... (8). A358 Electric fusion welded pipe, high temperature, ANSI±B31.1 ...... (1, 4, 9). austenitic. Pipe, forged and bored: A369 Ferritic alloy ...... ANSI±B31.1 ...... Pipe, centrifugally cast: ...... (None applicable) ...... (19) Tube, seamless: A179 Carbon steel heat exchanger and condenser UCS23, Sec. VIII, ASME Code ...... (11). tubes. A192 Carbon steel boiler tubes ...... PG23.1, Sec. I, ASME Code ...... (10). A210 Medium carbon boiler tubes ...... PG23.1, Sec. I, ASME Code ...... A213 Ferritic and austenitic boiler tubes ...... PG23.1, Sec. I, ASME Code ...... (1). Tube, seamless and welded: A268 Seamless and ERW ferritic stainless tubing ...... PG23.1, Sec. I, ASME Code ...... (4). A334 Seamless and welded (no added filler metal) car- UCS23, Sec. VIII, ASME Code ...... (4, 5). bon and low alloy tubing for low temperature. Tube, welded: A178 (Grades A and C only) ERW boiler tubes ...... PG23.1, Sec. I, ASME Code ...... (10 Grade A) (4). A214 ERW heat exchanger and condenser tubes ...... UCS27, Sec. VIII, ASME Code ...... A226 ERW boiler and superheater tubes ...... PG23.1, Sec. I, ASME Code ...... (4, 10). A249 Welded austenitic boiler and heat exchanger PG23.1, Sec. I, ASME Code ...... (1, 4). tubes (no added filler metal). Wrought fittings (factory made): A234 Carbon and ferritic alloys ...... Conforms to applicable American National (12). Standards (ANSI±B16.9 and ANSI± B16.11). A403 Austenitic alloys ...... do ...... (12). A420 Low temperature carbon and steel alloy ...... do ...... (12). Castings,13 iron: A47 Malleable iron...... Conform to applicable American National (14). Standards or refer to UCI±23 or UCD± 23, Sec. VIII, ASME Code. A126 Gray iron ...... do ...... (14). A197 Malleable iron ...... do ...... (14). A395 Ductile iron ...... UCD±23, Sec. VIII, ASME Code ...... (14). A536 Ductile iron ...... See footnote 20 ...... (20).
NONFERROUS MATERIALS 15
Pipe, seamless: B42 Copper ...... UNF23, Sec. VIII, ASME Code ...... (16). B43 Red brass ...... do ...... B241 Aluminum alloy ...... do ...... Pipe and tube, seamless: B161 Nickel ...... do ...... B165 Nickel-copper ...... do ...... B167 Ni-Cr-Fe ...... do ...... B315 Copper-silicon ...... do ...... Tube, seamless: B68 Copper ...... See footnote 17 ...... (16, 17, 18). B75 Copper ...... UNF23, Sec. VIII, ASME Code ...... (16). B88 Copper ...... See footnote 17 ...... (16, 17). B111 Copper and copper alloy ...... UNF23, Sec. VIII, ASME Code ...... B210 Aluminum alloy, drawn ...... do ...... B234 Aluminum alloy, drawn ...... do ......
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TABLE 56.60±1(A)ÐADOPTED SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDSÐContinued NOTE: Table 56.60±1(A) replaces Table 126.1 in ANSI B31.1 and sets forth specifications of pipes, tubing, and fittings intended for use in piping-systems. The first column lists acceptable standards from ASTM; the second lists those from ANSI. The Coast Guard will consider use of alternative pipes, tubing, and fittings when it receives certification of their mechanical prop- erties. Without this certification it will restrict use of such alternatives to piping-systems inside heat exchangers that ensure containment of the material inside pressure shells.
B280 Copper tube for refrigeration service ...... See footnote 17 ...... (16, 17). Welding fittings: B361 Wrought aluminum welding fittings ...... Shall meet ANSI Standards ......
Longitu- ASTM specification Minimum tensile dinal joint P No. Allowable stresses (p.s.i.) efficiency
A134: Grade 285A ...... 45,000 0.80 1 11,250×0,8=9,000. Grade 285B ...... 50,000 0.80 1 12,500×0,8=10,000. Grade 285C ...... 55,000 0.80 1 13,750×0,8=11,000.
NOTE: When using 104.1.2 in ANSI±B31.1 to compute wall thickness, the stress shown here shall be applied as though taken from the stress tables. An additional factor of 0.8 may be required by § 56.07±10(c) and (e). 1 For austenitic materials where two sets of stresses appear, use the lower values. 2 Type F (Furnace welded, using open hearth, basic oxygen, or electric furnace only) limited to Class II applications with a maximum service temperature of 450 °F. Type E (ERW grade) limited to maximum service temperature of 650 °F, or less. 3 Electric resistance welded pipe or tubing of this specification may be used to a maximum design pressure of 350 pounds per square inch gage. 4 Refer to limitations on use of welded grades given in § 56.60±2(b). 5 Use generally considered for Classes I±L and II±L applications. For Class I±L service only, the seamless grade is permitted. For other service refer to footnote 4 and to § 56.50±105. 6 Furnace lap or furnace butt grades only. Limited to Class II applications only where the maximum service temperature is 450 °F, or less. 7 Limited to Grades 285A, 285B, and 285C only (straight and spiral seam). Limited to Class II applications only where max- imum service temperature is 300 °F or less for straight seam, and 200 °F or less for spiral seam. 8 Limited to Class II applications where the maximum service temperature is 300 °F or less for straight seam and 200 °F or less for spiral seam. 9 For Class I applications only the Class I Grade of the specification may be used. 10 When used in piping systems, a certificate shall be furnished by the manufacturer certifying that the mechanical properties at room temperature specified in ASTM A520 have been met. Without this certification, use is limited to applications within heat exchangers. 11 When used in piping systems, a certificate shall be furnished by the manufacturer certifying that the mechanical properties for A192 in ASTM A520 have been met. Without this certification, use is limited to applications within heat exchangers. 12 Hydrostatic testing of these fittings is not required but all fittings shall be capable of withstanding without failure, leakage, or impairment of serviceability, a hydrostatic test of 11¤2 times the designated rating pressure. 13 Other acceptable iron castings are in UCI±23 and UCD±23 of section VIII of the ASME Code. (See also §§ 56.60±10 and 56.60±15.) Acceptable castings of materials other than cast iron may be found in section I or VIII of the ASME Code. 14 Acceptable when complying with American National Standards. Ductile iron is acceptable for temperatures not exceeding 650 °F. For pressure temperature limitations refer to UCD±3 of section VIII of the ASME Code. Other grades of cast iron are ac- ceptable for temperatures not exceeding 450 °F. For pressure temperature limitations refer to UCI±3 of section VIII of the ASME Code. 15 For limitations in use refer to §§ 56.10±5(c) and 56.60±20. 16 Copper pipe must not be used for hot oil systems except for short flexible connections at burners. Copper pipe must be an- nealed before installation in Class I piping systems. See also §§ 56.10±5(c) and 56.60±20. 17 The stress values shall be taken from UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Code for B75 annealed and light drawn temper as appropriate. 18 B68 shall be acceptable if provided with a mill hydrostatic or eddy current test. 19 Centrifugally cast pipe must be specifically approved by the Marine Safety Center. 20 Limited to pipe fittings and valves. See § 56.60±15(d) for additional information.
TABLE 56.60±1(B)ÐADOPTED STANDARDS AP- TABLE 56.60±1(B)ÐADOPTED STANDARDS AP- PLICABLE TO PIPING SYSTEMS (REPLACES PLICABLE TO PIPING SYSTEMS (REPLACES TABLE 126.1) TABLE 126.1)ÐContinued
ANSI Standards (American National Standards Institute), 11 B16.11 ... Steel S.W. and Threaded Fittings. West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. B16.14 ... Ferrous-Threaded Plugs, Bushings and Lock- nuts.4 B1.1 ...... Unified Screw Threads. B16.15 ... Cast Bronze Threaded FittingsÐClasses 125 & B1.20.1 .. Pipe Threads, General Purpose. 250.4 B1.20.3 .. Dryseal Pipe Threads. B16.18 ... Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joints.4 B2.1 ...... Pipe Threads. B16.20 ... Ring Joint GasketsÐSteel Flanges. B2.2 ...... [Reserved] B16.21 ... Non-metallic Gaskets for Flanges. B16.1 ..... C.I. Flanges and FittingsÐClasses 125 and 250 B16.22 ... Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Only. Fittings.4 B16.3 ..... M.I. Threaded FittingsÐClasses 150 and 300. B16.4 ..... C.I. Threaded FittingsÐClasses 125 and 250. B16.23 ... Cast Copper Alloy Solder-Joint Drainage Fit- tings.4 B16.5 ..... Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings.3 B16.9 ..... Steel Buttwelding Fittings.3 B16.24 ... Bronze Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsÐClass 3 B16.10 ... Dimensions of Ferrous Valves. 150 and 300.
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TABLE 56.60±1(B)ÐADOPTED STANDARDS AP- TABLE 56.60±1(B)ÐADOPTED STANDARDS AP- PLICABLE TO PIPING SYSTEMS (REPLACES PLICABLE TO PIPING SYSTEMS (REPLACES TABLE 126.1)ÐContinued TABLE 126.1)ÐContinued
B16.25 ... Butt Welding EndsÐPipe, Valves, Flanges, & Fit- SP±69 .... Pipe Hangers and SupportsÐSelection and Ap- tings. plication. B16.28 ... Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows SP±72 .... Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends and Returns.4 for General Service.4 B16.29 ... Wrought Copper and Wrought-Copper Alloy Sol- SP±73 .... Silver Brazing Joints for Wrought and Cast Solder der Joint Drainage Fittings.4 Joint Fittings. B16.34 ... ValvesÐFlanged, Threaded and Welding end.3 SP±83 .... Carbon Steel Pipe Unions Socket-Welding and B16.42 ... Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Fittings.3 Threaded. B18.2 ..... [Reserved] 1 B18.2.1 .. Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Inch series. [Reserved] 2 In addition, for bronze valves, adequacy of body shell B18.2.2 .. Square and Hex Nuts. thickness shall be satisfactory to the Marine Safety Center. Refer to § 56.60±10 of this part for cast iron valves. ASTM Standards (American Society for Testing and Mate- 3 Mill or manufacturer's certification is not required, except rials), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, Conshohocken, PA 19428Ð where a needed portion of the required marking is deleted 2959. due to size or is absent due to age of existing stocks. 4 Because this standard offers the option of several mate- F682 ...... Wrought Carbon Steel Sleeve-Type Couplings. rials, some of which are not generally acceptable to the Coast F1006 .... Entrainment Separators for Use in Marine Piping Guard, compliance with the standard does not necessarily in- dicate compliance with these regulations. The marking on the Applications.4 component or the manufacturer or mill certificate must indi- F1007 .... Pipe Line Expansion Joints of the Packed Slip cate the material specification and/or grade as necessary to Type for Marine Applications. fully identify the materials used. The material used must com- F1020 .... Line Blind Valves for Marine Applications.4 ply with the requirements in this subchapter relating to the F1120 .... Circular Metallic Bellows Type Expansion Joints. particular application. F1123 .... Non-Metallic Expansion Joints. F1139 .... Steam Traps and Drains. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as F1172 .... Fuel Oil Meters of the Volumetric Positive Dis- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, placement Type. 1970; CGFR 72–59R, 37 FR 6190, Mar. 25, 1972; F1173 .... Epoxy Resin Fiberglass Pipe and Fittings to be CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973; CGD Used for Marine Applications. F1199 .... Cast and Welded Pipe Line Strainers. 73–248, 39 FR 30839, Aug. 26, 1974; CGD 73–254, F1200 .... Fabricated (Welded) Pipe Line Strainers. 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, 54 FR F1201 .... Fluid Conditioner Fittings in Piping Applications 40611, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 39968, 39969, Oct. 1, Above 0 °F. 1990; CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, 1996; USCG–1999–6216, 64 FR 53224, Oct. 1, 1999; EJMA Standards (Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association, USCG–1999–5151, 64 FR 67180, Dec. 1, 1999] Inc.), 25 North Broadway, Tarrytown, NY 10591
Standards of the Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association, § 56.60–2 Limitations on materials. Inc. Welded pipe and tubing. The following FCI Standards (Fluid Controls Institute, Inc.), 31 South Street, restrictions apply to the use of welded Suite 303, Morristown, NJ 07960. pipe and tubing specifications when utilized in piping systems, and not FCI 69±1 Pressure Rating Standard for Steam Traps.4 when utilized in heat exchanger, boiler, MSS Standards (Manufacturers' Standardization Society of pressure vessel, or similar components: the Valve and Fittings Industry), 127 Park Street NE, Vi- (a) Longitudinal joint. Wherever pos- enna, VA 22180. sible, the longitudinal joint of a welded B36.10 ... Wrought-Steel & Iron Pipe. pipe shall not be pierced with holes for B36.19 ... Stainless Steel Pipe. branch connections or other purposes. MSS Standards (Manufacturers' Standardization Society of (b) Class II. Use unlimited except as the Valve and Fittings Industry), 1815 North Fort Myer restricted by maximum temperature or Drive, Arlington, Va. 22209. pressure specified in Table 56.60–1(a) or SP±6 ...... Finishes-On Flanges, Valves & Fittings. by the requirements contained in SP±9 ...... Spot-Facing. § 56.10–5(b) of this chapter. SP±25 .... Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, (c) Class I. (1) For those specifica- Flanges and Unions. tions in which a filler metal is used, SP±37 .... [Reserved] SP±42 .... [Reserved] the following applies to the material as SP±44 .... Steel Pipe Line Flanges.4 furnished prior to any fabrication: SP±45 .... Bypass and Drain Connection. (i) For use in service above 800 °F. SP±51 .... Class 150LW Corrosion Resistant Cast Flanges and Flanged Fittings.4 full welding procedure qualifications SP±53 .... Magnetic Particle InspectionÐSteel Castings. by the Coast Guard are required. See SP±55 .... Visual InspectionÐSteel Castings. part 57 of this subchapter. SP±58 .... Pipe Hangers & Supports. (ii) Ultrasonic examination as re- SP±61 .... Hydrostatic Testing Steel Valves. SP±66 .... [Reserved] quired by item S–6 in ASTM A–376 shall SP±67 .... Butterfly Valves.24 be certified as having been met in all
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applications except where 100 percent 9 An ammonia vapor test, in accordance with ASTM B 858 (incorporated by reference, see § 56.01±2), shall be per- radiography is a requirement of the formed on a representative model for each finished product particular material specification. design. Tension tests shall be performed to determine tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Minimum values shall (2) For those specifications in which be those listed in table 3 of ASTM B283. no filler material is used in the welding 10 Physical testing, including mercurous nitrate test, shall be performed as for material manufactured to ASTM B21. process, the ultrasonic examination as 11 Physical testing shall be performed as for material manu- required by item S–6 in ASTM A–376 factured to ASTM B96. Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Code for shall be certified as having been met SB±96 and shall be limited to a maximum allowable tempera- ° ture of 212 °F. for service above 800 F. 12 Physical testing shall be performed as for material manu- factured to ASTM B171, alloy D. Allowable stresses shall be TABLE 56.60±2(A)ÐADOPTED SPECIFICATIONS the same as those listed in UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Code for SB±171, aluminum bronze D. NOT LISTED IN THE ASME CODE 13 Physical testing shall be performed as for material manu- factured to ASTM B171, alloy E. Allowable stresses shall be Source of allowable the same as those listed in UNF23 of section VIII of the ASTM specifications stress Notes ASME Code for SB±171, aluminum bronze, alloy E. 14 Tension tests shall be performed to determine tensile
1 strength, yield strength, and elongation. Minimum values shall FERROUS MATERIALS be those listed in table X±2 of ASTM B85. 15 Those alloys with a maximum copper content of 0.6 per- Bar stock: cent or less shall be acceptable under this specification. Cast A276 (Grades See footnote 4...... ( 4). aluminum shall not be welded or brazed. 304±A, 304L±A, Note: This Table 56.60±2(a) is a listing of adopted bar stock 310±A, 316±A, and nonferrous forging and casting specifications not listed in 316L±A, 321±A, the ASME Code. Particular attention should be given to the supplementary testing requirements and service limitations 347±A, and 348±A). contained in the footnotes. A575 and A576 2, 3 (Grades 1010±1030) See footnote 2 ...... ( ). [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, NONFERROUS MATERIALS 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14233, July 18, 1972; Bar stock: CGD 73–248, 39 FR 30839, Aug. 26, 1974; CGD B16 (soft and half hard See footnote 5 ...... (5, 7). 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, tempers). 54 FR 40612, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95–012, 60 FR B21 (alloys A, B, and See footnote 8 ...... ( 8). 48050, Sept. 18, 1995; CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, C). May 23, 1996; CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. B124: 30, 1997; USCG–1998–4442, 63 FR 52190, Sept. 30, Alloy 377 ...... See footnotes 5 and ( 5, 9). 1998; USCG–1999–5151, 64 FR 67180, Dec. 1, 9. 1999] Alloy 464 ...... See footnote 8 ...... ( 8, 10 ). Alloy 655 ...... See footnote 11 ...... ( 11 ). § 56.60–3 Ferrous materials. Alloy 642 ...... See footnote 12 ...... ( 7, 12 ). Alloy 630 ...... See footnote 13 ...... ( 7, 13 ). (a) Ferrous pipe used for salt water Alloy 485 ...... See footnote 8 ...... ( 8, 10 ). service must be protected against cor- Forgings: rosion by hotdip galvanizing or by the B283 (forging brass) ... See footnotes 5 and ( 5, 9). use of extra heavy schedule material. 9. Castings: (b) (Reproduces 123.2.3(c)). Carbon or B26 ...... See footnotes 5, 14, ( 5, 14, 15 ). alloy steel having a carbon content of and 15. more than 0.35 percent may not be used B85 ...... See footnotes 5, 14, ( 5, 14, 15 ). in welded construction or be shaped by and 15. oxygen cutting process or other ther- 1 For limitations in use refer to § 56.60±5. mal cutting process. 2 Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UCS23 of section VIII of the ASME Code for SA±675 material [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975] of equivalent tensile strength. 3 Physical testing shall be performed as for material manu- factured to ASME Specification SA±675, except that the bend § 56.60–5 Steel (High temperature ap- test shall not be required. plications). 4 Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UCS23 of section VIII of the ASME Code for the cor- (a) (Reproduces 123.2.3(a).) Upon pro- responding SA±182 material. longed exposure to temperatures above 5 Limited to air and hydraulic service with a maximum de- sign temperature of 150 °F. The material must not be used for 775 °F., the carbide phase of plain car- salt water service or other fluids that may cause bon steel, plain nickel alloy steel, car- dezincification or stress corrosion cracking. 6 [Reserved] bon-manganese alloy steel, manganese- 7 An ammonia vapor test, in accordance with ASTM B 858M vanadium alloy steel, and carbon-sil- (incorporated by reference, see § 56.01±2), shall be per- formed on a representative model of each finished product icon steel may be converted to graph- design. ite. 8 Allowable stresses shall be the same as those listed in UNF23 of section VIII of the ASME Code for SB±171, naval (b) (Reproduces 123.2.3(b).) Upon pro- brass. longed exposure to temperatures above
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875 °F., the carbide phase of alloy Malleable iron flanges of this class steels, such as carbon-molybdenum, may also be used in sizes 4 inches and manganese-molybdenum-vanadium, smaller (oval and square design). manganese-chromium-vanadium and [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as chromium-vanadium, may be con- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, verted to graphite. 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; (c) [Reserved] CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40612, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95– (d) The design temperature of a pip- 027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, 1996] ing system employing one or more of the materials listed in paragraphs (a), § 56.60–15 Ductile iron. (b), and (c) of this section shall not ex- (a) Ductile cast iron components ceed the lowest graphitization tem- made of material conforming to ASTM perature specified for materials used. A 395 (incorporated by reference, see [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as § 56.01–2) may be used within the serv- amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, ice restrictions and pressure-tempera- 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14233, July 18, 1972; ture limitations of UCD–3 of section CGD 73–248, 39 FR 30839, Aug. 26, 1974; CGD VIII of the ASME Code. 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975] (b) Ductile iron castings conforming to ASTM A 395 (incorporated by ref- § 56.60–10 Cast iron and malleable erence, see § 56.01–2) may be used in hy- iron. draulic systems at pressures in excess (a) The low ductility of cast iron and of 7500 kilopascals (1000 pounds per malleable iron should be recognized square inch) gage, provided the fol- and the use of these metals where lowing: shock loading may occur should be (1) The castings receive a ferritizing avoided. Cast iron and malleable iron anneal when the as-cast thickness does components shall not be used at tem- not exceed one inch; peratures above 450 °F. Cast iron and (2) Large castings for components, malleable iron fittings conforming to such as hydraulic cylinders, are exam- the specifications of Table 56.60–1(a) of ined as specified for a casting quality this part may be used at pressures not factor of 90 percent in accordance with exceeding the limits of the applicable UG–24 of section VIII of the ASME standards of Table 56.60–1(b) of this Code; and part at temperatures not exceeding 450 (3) The castings are not welded, °F. Valves of either of these materials brazed, plugged, or otherwise repaired. may be used if they conform to the (c) After machining, ductile iron standards for class 125 and class 250 castings must be hydrostatically tested flanges and flanged fittings in ANSI to twice their maximum allowable B16.1 and if their service does not ex- working pressure and must show no ceed the rating as marked on the valve. leaks. (b) Cast iron and malleable iron shall (d) Ductile iron castings exhibiting not be used for valves or fittings in less than 12 percent elongation in 50 lines carrying flammable or combus- millimeters (2 inches) when subjected tible fluids 1 which are directly con- to a tensile test must meet the require- nected to, or in the proximity of, ments for cast iron in this part. equipment or other lines having open [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40612, Oct. 2, 1989, as flame, or any parts operating at tem- amended by CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, peratures above 500 °F. Cast iron shall 1996; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, not be used for hull fittings, or in sys- 2000] tems conducting lethal products. (c) Malleable iron and cast iron § 56.60–20 Nonferrous materials. valves and fittings, designed and Nonferrous materials listed in this marked for Class 300 refrigeration serv- subpart may be used in piping systems ice, may be used for such service pro- under the following conditions (see also vided the pressure limitation of 300 § 56.10–5(c)): pounds per square inch is not exceeded. (a) The low melting points of many nonferrous metals and alloys, such as 1 For definitions of flammable or combus- aluminum and aluminum alloys, must tible fluids, see §§ 30.10–15 and 30.10–22 of sub- be recognized. These types of heat sen- chapter D (Tank Vessels) of this chapter. sitive materials must not be used to
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conduct flammable, combustible, or resolution A.753(18) to maintain the in- dangerous fluids, or for vital systems tegrity of fire divisions. unless approved by the Marine Safety (3) Plastic pipe used outboard of the Center. required metallic shell valve in any
NOTE: For definitions of flammable or com- piping system penetrating the vessel’s bustible fluids, see §§ 30.10–15 and 30.10–22 or shell (see § 56.50–95(f)) shall have the parts 151–154 of this chapter. Dangerous same fire endurance as the metallic fluids are those covered by regulations in shell valve. Where the shell valve and part 98 of this chapter. the plastic pipe are in the same un- (b) The possibility of galvanic corro- manned space, the valve shall be oper- sion due to the relative solution poten- able from above the freeboard deck. tials of copper and aluminum and their (4) Pipe that is to be used for potable alloys should be considered when used water shall bear the seal of approval or in conjunction with each other or with NSF mark of the National Sanitation steel or with other metals and their al- Foundation Testing Laboratory, Incor- loys when an electrolyte is present. porated, School of Public Health, Uni- (c) A suitable thread compound must versity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI be used in making up threaded joints in 48103. aluminum pipe to prevent seizing (b) Nonmetallic flexible hose. (1) Non- which might cause leakage and perhaps metallic flexibile hose must be in ac- prevent disassembly. Pipe in the an- cordance with SAE J–1942 and may be nealed temper should not be threaded. installed only in vital and nonvital (d) The corrosion resistance of copper fresh and salt water systems, nonvital bearing aluminum alloys in a marine pneumatic systems, lube oil and fuel atmosphere is poor and alloys with systems, and fluid power systems. copper contents exceeding 0.6 percent (2) Nonmetallic flexible hose may be should not be used. Refer to Table used in vital fresh and salt water sys- 56.60–2(a) of this part for further guid- tems at a maximum service pressure of ance. 150 psi. Nonmetallic flexible hose may [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as be used in lengths not exceeding 30 amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40612, Oct. 2, inches where flexibility is required sub- 1989; CGD 95–027, 61 FR 26001, May 23, 1996] ject to the limitations of paragraphs (a) (1) through (6) of this section. Non- § 56.60–25 Nonmetallic materials. metallic flexible hose may be used for (a) Plastic pipe installations shall be plastic pipe in duplicate installations in accordance with the International in accordance with paragraph (b) of Maritime Organization (IMO) resolu- this section. tion A.753(18), Guidelines for the Appli- (3) Nonmetallic flexible hose may be cation of Plastic Pipes on Ships and used for plastic pipe in nonvital fresh the following supplemental require- and salt water systems and nonvital ments: pneumatic systems subject to the limi- (1) Materials used in the fabrication tations of paragraphs (a) (1) through (6) of plastic pipe shall comply with the of this section. Unreinforced hoses are appropriate standards listed in § 56.01–2 limited to a maximum service pressure of this chapter. of 50 psi, reinforced hoses are limited (2) Plastic pipe is not permitted in a to a maximum service pressure of 150 concealed space in an accommodation psi. or service area, such as behind ceilings (4) Nonmetallic flexible hose may be or linings or between double bulkheads, used in lube oil, fuel oil and fluid power unless— systems only where flexibility is re- (i) Each trunk or duct containing quired and in lengths not exceeding 30 such piping is completely surrounded inches. by ‘‘A’’ class divisions; or (5) Nonmetallic flexible hose must be (ii) An approved smoke-detection complete with factory-assembled end system is fitted in the concealed space fittings requiring no further adjust- and each penetration of a bulkhead or ment of the fittings on the hose, except deck and each installation of a draft that field attachable type fittings may stop is made in accordance with IMO be used. Hose end fittings must comply
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with SAE J–1475. Field attachable fit- natives must be approved by the Ma- tings must be installed following the rine Safety Center. manufacturer’s recommended practice. [CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40614, Oct. 2, 1989] If special equipment is required, such as crimping machines, it must be of the § 56.70–3 Limitations. type and design specified by the manu- Backing rings. Backing strips used at facturer. A hydrostatic test of each longitudinal welded joints must be re- hose assembly must be conducted in moved. accordance with § 56.97–5 of this part. (c) Plastic valves, fittings, and [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975] flanges may be used in systems em- § 56.70–5 Material. ploying plastic pipe. Such valves, fit- tings, and flanges shall be designed, (a) Filler metal. All filler metal, in- fabricated, tested, and installed so as cluding consummable insert material, must comply with the requirements of to satisfy the intent of the require- section IX, ASME Boiler and Pressure ments for plastic pipe contained in this Vessel Code and § 57.02–4 of this sub- section. chapter. (d) If it is desired to use nonmetallic (b) Backing rings. When metallic materials other than those specified in backing rings are used they shall be this section, a request furnishing the made from material of weldable qual- chemical and physical properties of the ity compatible with the base metal, material shall be submitted to the whether subsequently removed or not. Commandant for consideration. When nonmetallic backing rings are [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as used they shall be of material which amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, does not deleteriously affect either 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14234, July 18, 1972; base or weld metal, and shall be re- CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77– moved after welding is completed. 140, 54 FR 40613, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 88–032, 56 Backing rings may be of the FR 35822, July 29, 1991; CGD 83–043, 60 FR consumable insert type, removable ce- 24775, May 10, 1995; CGD 95–072, 60 FR 50462, ramic type, of solid or split band type. Sept. 29, 1995; CGD 96–041, 61 FR 50728, Sept. A ferrous backing ring which becomes 27, 1996; CGD 95–028, 62 FR 51201, Sept. 30, a permanent part of the weld shall not 1997] exceed 0.05 percent sulphur. If two abutting surfaces are to be welded to a Subpart 56.65—Fabrication, third member used as a backing ring Assembly and Erection and one or two of the three members are ferritic and the other member or § 56.65–1 General (replaces 127 members are austenitic, the satisfac- through 135.4). tory use of such materials shall be de- (a) The requirements for fabrication, termined by procedure qualifications. assembly and erection in subparts 56.70 [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as through 56.90 shall apply in lieu of 127 amended by CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, through 135.4 of ANSI–B31.1. Those 1975] paragraphs reproduced are so noted. § 56.70–10 Preparation (modifies 127.3). [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as (a) Butt welds (reproduces 127.3.1)—(1) amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, 1970] End preparation. (i) Oxygen or arc cut- ting is acceptable only if the cut is rea- sonably smooth and true, and all slag Subpart 56.70—Welding is cleaned from the flame cut surfaces. Discoloration which may remain on § 56.70–1 General. the flame cut surface is not considered (a) The following generally applies to to be detrimental oxidation. all types of welding, such as stud weld- (ii) Butt-welding end preparation di- ing, casting repair welding and all mensions contained in ANSI–B16.25 or processes of fabrication welding. Where any other end preparation which meets the detailed requirements are not ap- the procedure qualification require- propriate to a particular process, alter- ments are acceptable.
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(iii) If piping component ends are § 56.70–15 Procedure. bored, such boring shall not result in (a) General. (1) Qualification of the the finished wall thickness after weld- welding procedures to be used, and of ing being less than the minimum de- sign thickness. Where necessary, weld the performance of welders and opera- metal of the appropriate analysis may tors, is required, and shall comply with be deposited on the inside or outside of the requirements of part 57 of this sub- the piping component to provide suffi- chapter. cient material for machining to insure (2) No welding shall be done if there satisfactory fitting of rings. is direct impingement of rain, snow, (iv) If the piping component ends are sleet, or high wind on the piping com- upset they may be bored to allow for a ponent weldment. completely recessed backing ring, pro- (3) Sections of pipe shall be welded vided the remaining net thickness of insofar as possible in the fabricating the finished ends is not less than the shop. Prior to welding Class I piping or minimum design thickness. low temperature piping, the fabricator (2) Cleaning. Surfaces for welding shall request a marine inspector to shall be clean and shall be free from visit his plant to examine his fabri- paint, oil, rust, scale, or other material cating equipment and to witness the which is detrimental to welding. qualification tests required by part 57 (3) Alignment. The inside diameters of of this subchapter. One test specimen piping components to be joined must be shall be prepared for each process and aligned as accurately as practicable welding position to be employed in the within existing commercial tolerances fabrication. on diameters, wall thicknesses, and out (b) Girth butt welds. (1) (Reproduces of roundness. Alignment must be pre- 127.4.2(a)). Girth butt welds must be served during welding. Where ends are complete penetration welds and may be to be joined and the internal misalign- made with a single vee, double vee, or ment exceeds 1⁄16-inch, it is preferred other suitable type of groove, with or that the component with the wall ex- without backing rings or consummable tending internally be internally inserts.’’ trimmed (see Fig. 127.3.1) so that ad- (2) Girth butt welds in Class I, I–L, joining internal surfaces are approxi- and II–L piping systems shall be double mately flush. However, this trimming welded butt joints or equivalent single must not reduce a piping component welded butt joints for pipe diameters wall thickness below the minimum de- exceeding three-fourth inch nominal sign thickness and the change in the pipe size. The use of a single welded contour may not exceed 30°. butt joint employing a backing ring (4) Spacing. The root opening of the (note restrictions in paragraph joint shall be as given in the procedure (b)(3)(iv) of this section) on the inside specification. of the pipe is an acceptable equivalent (b) Fillet welds (modifies 127.3.2). In for Class I and Class II–L applications, making fillet welds, the weld metal but not permitted for Class I–L applica- must be deposited in such a way as to tions. Single welded butt joints em- obtain adequate penetration into the ploying either an inert gas for first base metal at the root of the weld. Pip- pass backup or a consumable insert ing components which are to be joined ring may be considered the equivalent utilizing fillet welds must be prepared of a double welded butt joint for all in accordance with applicable provi- classes of piping and is preferable for sions and requirements of this section. Class I–L and II–L systems where dou- For typical details, see Figures 127.4.4A ble butt welds cannot be used. Appro- and 127.4.4C of ANSI B31.1 and Figure priate welding procedure qualification 56.30–10(b) of this part. See § 56.30–5(d) tests shall be conducted as specified in of this part for additional require- part 57 of this subchapter. A first pass ments. inert gas backup is intended to mean [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as that the inside of the pipe is purged amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, with inert gas and that the root is 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; welded with the inert gas metal arc CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40614, Oct. 2, 1989] (mig) or inert gas tungsten arc (tig)
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processes. Classes I, I–L, and II–L pip- the component having the larger di- ing are required to have the inside of ameter. There must be a gradual tran- the pipe machined for good fit up if the sition, not exceeding a slope of 1:3, in misalignment exceeds that specified in the weld between the two surfaces. To § 56.70–10(a)(3). In the case of Class II avoid unnecessary weld deposit, the piping the machining of the inside of outside surface of the component hav- the pipe may be omitted. For single ing the larger diameter must be ta- welded joints, where possible, the in- pered at an angle not to exceed thirty side of the joint shall be examined vis- degrees with the axis of the pipe. (See ually to assure full penetration. Radio- Fig. 127.4.2.) graphic examination of at least 20 per- (6) (Modifies 127.4.2(d)). As-welded cent of single welded joints to check surfaces are permitted, however, the for penetration is required for all Class surface of welds must be sufficiently I and Class I–L systems regardless of free from coarse ripple, grooves, over- size following the requirements of laps, abrupt ridges and valleys to meet § 56.95–10. Ultrasonic testing may be the following: utilized in lieu of radiographic exam- (i) The surface condition of the fin- ination if the procedures are approved. ished welds must be suitable for the (3) For Class II piping, the type of proper interpretation of radiographic joints shall be similar to Class I piping, and other nondestructive examinations with the following exceptions: when nondestructive examinations are (i) Single-welded butt joints may be required by § 56.95–10. In those cases employed without the use of backing where there is a question regarding the rings in all sizes provided that the weld surface condition on the interpretation is chipped or ground flush on the root of a radiographic film, the film must be side of the weld. compared to the actual weld surface for (ii) For services such as vents, over- interpretation and determination of ac- flows, and gravity drains, the backing ceptability. ring may be eliminated and the root of (ii) Reinforcements are permitted in the weld need not be ground. accordance with Table 56.70–15. (iii) Square-groove welds without (iii) Undercuts must not exceed 1⁄32- edge preparation may be employed for inch and must not encroach on the butt joints in vents, overflows, and minimum required section thickness. gravity drains where the pipe wall (iv) If the surface of the weld requires thickness does not exceed three-six- grinding to meet the above criteria, teenth inch. care must be taken to avoid reducing (iv) The crimped or forged backing the weld or base material below the ring with continuous projection around minimum required thickness. the outside of the ring is acceptable (7) The type and extent of examina- only for Class II piping. The projection tion required for girth butt welds is must be completely fused. specified in § 56.95–10. (4) Tack welds which become part of (8) Sections of welds that are shown the finished weld, shall be made by a by radiography or other examination qualified welder. Tack welds made by to have any of the following type of im- an unqualified welder shall be removed. perfections shall be judged unaccept- Tack welds which are not removed able and shall be repaired as provided shall be made with an electrode which in paragraph (f) of this section: is the same as or equivalent to the (i) Any type of crack or zone of in- electrode to be used for the first pass. complete fusion or penetration. Their stopping and starting ends must (ii) Any slag inclusion or porosity be properly prepared by grinding or greater in extent than those specified other suitable means so that they may as acceptable set forth in PW–51 of sec- be satisfactorily incorporated into the tion I of the ASME Code. final weld. Tack welds which have (iii) Undercuts in the external sur- cracked shall be removed. faces of butt welds which are more (5) (Reproduces 127.2(c)). When com- than 1⁄32-inch deep. ponents of different outside diameters (iv) Concavity on the root side of full are welded together, the weld joint penetration girth butt welds where the must be filled to the outside surface of resulting weld thickness is less than
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the minimum pipe wall thickness re- passes, unless specifically approved quired by this subchapter. Weld rein- otherwise in a special procedure quali- forcement up to a maximum of 1⁄32-inch fication. Requirements for joints em- thickness may be considered as pipe ploying socket weld and slip-on flanges wall thickness in such cases. are in § 56.30–10 of this part. (c) Longitudinal butt welds. Longitu- (e) Seal welds (reproduces 127.4.5). (1) dinal butt welds in piping components Where seal welding of threaded joints not made in accordance with the stand- is performed, threads shall be entirely ards and specifications listed in 56.60–1 covered by the seal weld. Seal welding (a) and (b) must meet the requirements shall be done by qualified welders. of paragraph 104.7 of ANSI–B31.1 and (2) The limitation on cracks and un- may be examined nondestructively by dercutting set forth in § 56.70–15(b)(8) an acceptable method. Imperfections for girth welds are also applicable to shall not exceed the limits established seal welds. for girth butt welds except that no un- (f) Weld defect repairs (reproduces dercutting shall be permitted in longi- 127.4.11). (1) All defects in welds requir- tudinal butt welds. See also § 56.60–2(b). ing repair must be removed by a flame (d) Fillet welds. (1) Fillet welds may or arc-gouging, grinding, chipping, or vary from convex to concave. The size machining. Repair welds must be made of a fillet weld is determined as shown in accordance with the same proce- in Figure 127.4.4A in ANSI B31.1. Fillet dures used for original welds, or by an- weld details for socket-welding compo- other welding process if it is a part of nents must meet § 56.30–5(c) of this a qualified procedure, recognizing that part. Fillet weld details for flanges the cavity to be repaired may differ in must meet § 56.30–10(c) of this part. Fil- contour and dimensions from the origi- let weld details for flanges must meet nal joint. The types, extent, and meth- § 56.30–10 of this part. od of examination and limits of imper- (2) The limitations on cracks and un- fections of repair welds shall be the dercutting set forth in paragraph (b)(8) same as for the original weld. of this section for girth welds are also (2) Preheating may be required for applicable to fillet welds. flame-gouging or arc-gouging certain (3) Class I piping not exceeding 3 alloy materials of the air hardening inches nominal pipe size and not sub- type in order to prevent surface check- ject to full radiography by § 56.95–10 of ing or cracking adjacent to the flame this part may be joined by sleeves or arc-gouged surface. fitted over pipe ends or by socket type (g) Welded branch connections (repro- joints. Where full radiography is re- duces 127.4.8). (1) Figure 127.4.8A, Figure quired, only butt type joints may be 127.4.8B, and Figure 127.4.8C of ANSI– used. The inside diameter of the sleeve B31.1 show typical details of branch must not exceed the outside diameter connections with and without added re- of the pipe or tube by more than 0.080 inforcement. However, no attempt has inch. Fit between socket and pipe must been made to show all acceptable types conform to applicable standards for of construction and the fact that a cer- socket weld fittings. Depth of insertion tain type of construction is illustrated of pipe or tube within the socket or does not indicate that it is rec- sleeve must not be less than three- ommended over other types not illus- eighths inch. The fillet weld must be trated. See also Figure 56.70–15(g) for deposited in a minimum of two passes, additional pipe connections. unless specifically approved otherwise (2) Figure 127.4.8D of ANSI–B31.1 in a special procedure qualification. shows basic types of weld attachments Requirements for joints employing used in the fabrication of branch con- socket weld and slip-on flanges are in nections. The location and minimum § 56.30–10 of this part. size of these attachment welds shall (4) Sleeve and socket type joints may conform to the requirements of this be used in Class II piping systems with- paragraph. Weld sizes shall be cal- out restriction as to size of pipe or tub- culated in accordance with 104.3.1 of ing joined. Applicable standards must ANSI–B31.1, but shall not be less than be followed on fit. The fillet welds the sizes shown in Figure 127.4.8D and must be deposited in a minimum of two F of ANSI–B31.1.
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(3) The notations and symbols used in this paragraph and in Figure 127.4.8D and F of ANSI–B31.1 are as follows:
FIGURE 56.70±15(g).ÐAcceptable types of welded pipe connections.
tn=nominal thickness of branch wall less with a cover fillet weld having a min- corrosion allowance, inches. imum throat dimension not less than 1 tc=the smaller of ⁄4 inch or 0.7tn. tc the weld at the outer edge, joining te=nominal thickness of reinforcing ele- the added reinforcement to the run, ment (ring or saddle), inches (te=0 if there is no added reinforcement). shall be a fillet weld with a minimum tmin=the smaller of tn or te. throat dimension of 0.5 te. tw=dimension of partial penetration weld, (ii) If the weld joining the added rein- inches. forcement to the branch is a fillet (4) Branch connections (including weld, the throat dimension shall not be specially made integrally reinforced less than 0.7 tmin. The weld at the outer branch connection fittings) which abut edge joining the outer reinforcement to the outside surface of the run wall, or the run shall also be a fillet weld with which are inserted through an opening a minimum throat dimension of 0.5 te. cut in the run wall, shall have opening (6) When rings or saddles are used, a and branch contour to provide a good vent hole shall be provided (at the side fit and shall be attached by means of and not at the crotch) in the ring or full penetration groove welds except as saddle to reveal leakage in the weld be- otherwise permitted in paragraph (g)(7) tween branch and main run and to pro- of this section. The full penetration vide venting during welding and heat groove welds shall be finished with treating operations. Rings or saddles cover fillet welds having a minimum may be made in more than one piece if throat dimension not less than tc. The the joints between the pieces have limitation as to imperfection of these strength equivalent to ring or saddle groove welds shall be as set forth in parent metal and if each piece is pro- 127.4.2(e) of ANSI–B31.1 for girth welds. vided with a vent hole. A good fit shall (5) In branch connections having re- be provided between reinforcing rings inforcement pads or saddles, the rein- or saddles and the parts to which they forcement shall be attached by welds are attached. at the outer edge and at the branch pe- (7) Branch connections 2 in. NPS and riphery as follows: smaller that do not require reinforce- (i) If the weld joining the added rein- ment may be constructed as shown in forcement to the branch is a full pene- Fig. 127.4.8F of ANSI–B31.1. This con- tration groove weld, it shall be finished struction is limited to use in Class I
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and II piping systems at a maximum (h) Heat treatment. Heat treatment for design temperature of 750 °F. or a max- welds shall be in accordance with sub- imum pressure of 1025 psi. part 56.85.
TABLE 56.70±15ÐREINFORCEMENT OF GIRTH AND LONGITUDINAL BUTT WELDS
Maximum thickness (in inches) of rein- forcement for design temperature Thickness (in inches) of base metal 0 °F and Below 0 °F ° or above 350 to 750 above but ° °F less than 750 F 350 °F
Up to 1¤8, inclusive ...... 1¤16 3¤32 3¤16 Over 1¤8 to 3¤16, inclusive ...... 1¤16 1¤8 3¤16 Over 3¤16 to 1¤2, inclusive ...... 1¤16 5¤32 3¤16 Over 1¤2 to 1, inclusive ...... 3¤32 3¤16 3¤16 Over 1 to 2, inclusive ...... 1¤8 1¤4 1¤4 1 1 Over 2 ...... 5¤32 ( )()
1 The greater of 1¤4 in. or 1¤8 times the width of the weld in inches. NOTES: 1. For double welded butt joints, this limitation on reinforcement given above applies separately to both inside and out- side surfaces of the joint. 2. For single welded butt joints, the reinforcement limits given above apply to the outside surface of the joint only. 3. The thickness of weld reinforcement is based on the thickness of the thinner of the materials being joined. 4. The weld reinforcement thicknesses must be determined for the higher of the abutting surfaces involved. 5. For boiler external piping use the column titled ``Below 0 °F. or above 750 °F.'' for weld reinforcement thicknesses. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9978, June 17, 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40165, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40614, Oct. 2, 1989; 55 FR 39969, Oct. 1, 1990; CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48050, Sept. 18, 1995]
§ 56.70–20 Qualification, general. be joined. Prior to using a particular brazing material in a piping system, (a) Qualification of the welding pro- the requirements of § 56.60–20 of this cedures to be used, and of the perform- part should be considered. ance of welders and welding operators, is required, and shall comply with the (b) The brazing material used shall requirements of the ASME Boiler and have a shearing strength of at least Pressure Vessel Code (section IX) ex- 10,000 pounds per square inch. The max- cept as modified by part 57 of this sub- imum allowable working pressure for chapter. brazing piping shall be determined by (b) Each butt-welded joint of Class I this part. of Class I–L piping shall be marked (c) (Reproduces 128.1.2.) Fluxes that with the welder’s identification sym- are fluid and chemically active at the bol. Dies shall not be used to mark the brazing temperature shall be used when pipe where the pressure exceeds 600 necessary to prevent oxidation of the pounds per square inch or the tempera- filler metal and the surfaces to be ture exceeds 750 °F. or in Class I–L sys- joined and to promote free flowing of tems. the filler metal. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as Subpart 56.75—Brazing amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, 1989] § 56.75–5 Filler metal. § 56.75–10 Joint clearance (reproduces (a) The filler metal used in brazing 128.2.2). must be a nonferrous metal or alloy having a melting point above 1,000 °F. (a) The clearance between surfaces to and below that of the metal being be joined shall be no larger than is nec- joined. The filler metal must meet and essary to insure complete capillary dis- flow freely within the desired tempera- tribution of the filler metal; between ture range and, in conjunction with a 0.002–inch minimum and 0.006-inch suitable flux or controlled atmosphere, maximum. must wet and adhere to the surfaces to (b) [Reserved]
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§ 56.75–15 Heating (reproduces rial to be joined. The annular clearance 128.2.3). shall be shown on drawings submitted (a) The joint shall be brought to braz- for approval of socket joints. ing temperature in as short a time as (2) Copper pipe fabricated with longi- possible to minimize oxidation. tudinal joints for pressures not exceed- (b) [Reserved] ing that permitted by the regulations in this subchapter may have butt, § 56.75–20 Brazing qualification. lapped, or scarfed joints. If of the latter type, the kerf of the material shall be (a) The qualification of the perform- ° ance of brazers and brazing operators, not less than 60 . shall be in accordance with the require- (c) Brazing, general. (1) Heat shall be ments of part C, section IX of the applied evenly and uniformly to all ASME Code and part 57 of this sub- parts of the joint in order to prevent chapter. local overheating. (b) Manufacturers shall perform (2) The members to be joined shall be those tests required by paragraph (a) of held firmly in place until the brazing this section prior to performing pro- alloy has set so as to prevent any duction brazing. strain on the joint until the brazing alloy has thoroughly solidified. The § 56.75–25 Detail requirements. brazing shall be done by placing the flux and brazing material on one side of (a) Pipe may be fabricated by brazing the joint and applying heat until the when the temperature to which such brazing material flows entirely connections may be subjected does not through the lap and shows uniformly exceed 425 °F. (For exception refer to along the seam on the other side of the § 56.30–30(b)(1).) joint. Sufficient flux shall be used to (b) (Reproduces 128.2.1.) The surfaces cause the brazing material to appear to be brazed shall be clean and free promptly after reaching the brazing from grease, oxides, paint, scale, and temperature. dirt of any kind. Any suitable chemical or mechanical cleaning method may be used to provide a clean wettable sur- Subpart 56.80—Bending and face for brazing. Forming (c) After the parts to be joined have been thoroughly cleaned the edges to § 56.80–5 Bending. be brazed shall be given an even coat- Pipe may be bent by any hot or cold ing of flux prior to heating the joint as method and to any radius which will a protection against oxidation. result in a bend surface free of cracks, as determined by a method of inspec- § 56.75–30 Pipe joining details. tion specified in the design, and sub- (a) Silver brazing. (1) Circumferential stantially free of buckles. Such bends pipe joints may be either of the socket shall meet the design requirements of or butt type. When butt joints are em- 102.4.5 and 104.2.1 of ANSI–B31.1. This ployed the edges to be joined shall be shall not prohibit the use of bends de- cut or machined square and the edges signed as creased or corrugated. If shall be held closely together to insure doubt exists as to the wall thickness a satisfactory joint. being adequate, Class I piping having (b) Copper-alloy brazing. (1) Copper- diameters exceeding 4 inches shall be alloy brazing may be employed to join nondestructively examined by the use pipe, valves, and fittings. Circumferen- of ultrasonics or other acceptable tial joints may be either of the butt or method. Alternatively, the pipe may be socket type. Where butt joints are em- drilled, gaged, and fitted with a ployed, the included angle shall be not screwed plug extending outside the less than 90° where the wall thickness pipe covering. The nondestructive is three-sixteenths of an inch or great- method shall be employed where the er. The annular clearance of socket design temperature exceeds 750 °F. joints shall be held to small clearances Prior to the use of nondestructive which experience indicates is satisfac- method of examination by the above tory for the brazing alloy to be em- procedure, it shall be demonstrated by ployed, method of heating, and mate- the user, in the presence of a marine
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inspector on specimens similar to those sistent with the original pipe specifica- to be examined, that consistent re- tion. sults, having an accuracy of plus or (f) All scale shall be removed from minus 3 percent, can be obtained. heat treated pipe prior to installation. (g) (Reproduces 129.3.6.) Austenitic [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, stainless steel pipe that has been heat- 1970] ed for bending or other forming may be used in the ‘‘as-bent’’ condition unless § 56.80–10 Forming (reproduces 129.2). the design specification requires post bending heat treatment. (a) Piping components may be formed (swaging, lapping, or upsetting [CGFR 68–62, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as of pipe ends, extrusion of necks, etc.) amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, by any suitable hot or cold working 1970; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40166, Sept. 2, 1975] method, providing such processes re- sult in formed surfaces which are uni- Subpart 56.85—Heat Treatment of form and free of cracks or other de- Welds fects, as determined by methods of in- spection specified in the design. § 56.85–5 Heating and cooling method (reproduces 131.1). § 56.80–15 Heat treatment of bends and (a) Heat treatment may be accom- formed components. plished by a suitable heating method (a) (Reproduces 129.3.1.) Carbon steel which will provide the desired heating piping which has been heated to at and cooling rates, the required metal least 1,650 °F. for bending or other temperature, metal temperature uni- forming operations shall require no formity, and temperature control. subsequent heat treatment. (b) Ferritic alloy steel piping which § 56.85–10 Preheating. has been heated for bending or other (a) The minimum preheat tempera- forming operations shall receive a tures listed in Table 56.85–10 for P-num- stress relieving treatment, a full an- ber materials groupings are mandatory neal, or a normalize and temper treat- minimum pre-heat temperatures. Pre- ment, as specified by the design speci- heat is required for Class I, I–L, I–N, II– fication before welding. N and II–L piping when the ambient (c) (Reproduces 129.3.3.) Cold bending temperature is below 50 °F. and forming of carbon steel having a (b) (Modifies 131.2.2.) When welding wall thickness of three-fourths of an dissimilar materials the minimum pre- inch and heavier, and all ferritic alloy heat temperature may not be lower pipe in nominal pipe sizes of 4 inches than the highest temperature listed in and larger, or 1⁄2-inch wall thickness or Table 56.85–10 for any of the materials heavier, shall require a stress relieving to be welded or the temperature estab- treatment. lished in the qualified welding proce- (d) (Reproduces 129.3.4.) Cold bending dure. of carbon and ferritic alloy steel pipe (c) (Reproduces 131.2.3.) The preheat in sizes and wall thicknesses less than temperature shall be checked by use of specified in 129.3.3 of ANSI–B31.1 may temperature-indicating crayons, ther- be used without a postheat treatment. mocouples, pyrometers, or other suit- (e) (Reproduces 129.3.5.) For other ma- able methods to assure that the re- terials the heat treatment of bends and quired preheat temperature is obtained formed components shall be such as to prior to and uniformly maintained dur- insure pipe properties that are con- ing the welding operation.
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TABLE 56.85±10ÐPREHEAT AND POSTHEAT TREATMENT OF WELDS
Preheat required Post heat treatment requirement (1)(2) Time cycle ASME Sec IX Minimum tem- Minimum wall Nos. Minimum wall perature and other Temperature Hour per Minimum (3)(4) (inch) ° (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(°F)(inch) time within (5)(6)( F) (3)(4)(17)(inch) inch of wall range (3)(4) (hour)
P±1(16) ...... All ...... 50 (for .30 C. Over 3¤4 in ...... 1,100 to 1,200 (minimum) 11 maximum or (maximum). less) (13). P±1(16) ...... All ...... 175 (for over ...... do ...... do ...... 1 1 .30 C.) (13) and wall thickness over 1 in. P±3(15) ...... All walls ...... 175 ...... Over 1¤2 in ...... 1,200 to 1,350 (minimum) 11 (maximum). P±4(15) ...... Up to 3¤4 in in- 300 ...... Over 1¤2 in or 1,330 to 1,400 (minimum) 11 clusive. over 4 in (maximum). nom. size or. Over 3¤4 in ...... 400 ...... Over .15 C. maximum. P±5(15) (less Up to 3¤4 in in- 300 ...... Over 1¤2 in or 1,300 to 1,425 (minimum) 11 than 5 cr.). clusive. over 4 in. (maximum). nom. size or. Over 3¤4 in ...... 400 ...... Over 0.15 C. maximum. P±5(15) (5 cr. Up to 3¤4 inclu- 300 ...... All walls ...... do ...... 1 2 and higher). sive. Over 3¤4 in ...... 400 ...... Over 0.15 C. maximum. P±6 ...... All walls ...... 300 (14)...... All walls ...... 1,400 to 1,500 (minimum) 12 (maximum). P±8 ...... do ...... None required ...... do ...... None required.
For P–7, P–9A, P–9B, P–10C and other mate- (9) Heating rate for furnace, gas, electric rials not listed the Preheat and Postheat resistance, and other surface heating meth- Treatment is to be in accordance with the ods must not exceed: (i) 600 °F per hour for qualified procedure. thicknesses 2 inches and under. Notes Applicable To Table 56.85–10: (ii) 600 °F per hour divided by 1⁄2 the thick- (1) Not applicable to dissimilar metal ness in inches for thickness over 2 inches. welds. (10) Heating route for induction heating (2) When postheat treatment by annealing must not exceed: or normalizing is used, the postheat treat- (i) 600 °F per hour for thickness less than ment temperatures must be in accordance 11⁄2 inches (60 and 400 cycles). with the qualified welding procedure. (ii) 500 °F per hour when using 60 cycles ° (3) Wall thickness of a butt weld is defined and 400 F per hour when using 400 cycles for 1 as the thicker of the two abutting ends after thicknesses 1 ⁄2 inches and over. end preparation including I.D. machining. (11) When local heating is used, the weld must be allowed to cool slowly from the (4) The thickness of socket, fillet, and seal postheat treatment temperature. A sug- welds is defined as the throat thicknesses for gested method of retarding cooling is to pressure and nonpressure retaining welds. wrap the weld with asbestos and allow to (5) Preheat temperatures must be checked cool in still air. When furnace cooling is by use of temperature indicating crayons, used, the pipe sections must be cooled in the thermocouple pyrometers, or other suitable furnace to 1000 °F and may then be cooled method. further in still air. (6) For inert gas tungsten arc root pass (12) Local postheat treatment of butt weld- welding lower preheat in accordance with ed joints must be performed on a circum- the qualified procedure may be used. ferential band of the pipe. The minimum (7) The maximum postheat treatment tem- width of this band, centered on the weld, perature listed for each P number is a rec- must be the width of the weld plus 2 inches. ommended maximum temperature. Local postheat treatment of welded branch (8) Postheat treatment temperatures must connections must be performed by heating a be checked by use of thermocouple pyrom- circumferential band of the pipe to which the eters or other suitable means. branch is welded. The width of the heated
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band must extend at least 1 inch beyond the lieved in a furnace as a whole as re- weld joining the branch. quired by Table 56.85–10 before being (13) 0.30 C. max applies to specified ladle taken aboard ship for installation. analysis. (14) 600 °F maximum interpass tempera- (d) (Reproduces 131.3.2.) The postheat ture. treatment method selected for parts of (15) Welding on P–3, P–4, and P–5 with 3 Cr an assembly shall not adversely affect max. may be interrupted only if— other components. Heating a fabricated (i) At least 3⁄8 inch thickness of weld is de- assembly as a complete unit is usually posited or 25 percent of welding groove is desirable; however, the size or shape of filled, whichever is greater; the unit or the adverse effect of a de- (ii) The weld is allowed to cool slowly to room temperature; and sired heat treatment on one or more (iii) The required preheat is resumed before components where dissimilar materials welding is continued. are involved, may dictate alternative (16) When attaching welding carbon steel procedures such as heating a section of non-pressure parts to steel pressure parts the assembly before the attachment of and the throat thickness of the fillet or par- others, or local circumferential band 1 tial or full penetration weld is ⁄2 in. or less, heating of welded joints in accordance postheat treatment of the fillet weld is not required for Class I and II piping if preheat with § 56.85–15(j)(3) and note (12) of to a minimum temperature of 175 °F is ap- Table 56.85–10. plied when the thickness of the pressure part (e) (Reproduces 131.3.3.) Postheat exceeds 3⁄4 in. treatment of welded joints between dis- (17) For Class I–L and II–L piping systems, similar metals having different relief from postweld heat treatment may not postheat requirements shall be that es- be dependent upon wall thickness. See also tablished in the qualified welding pro- §§ 56.50–105(a)(3) and 56.50–105(b)(3) of this chapter. cedure. (f)–(h) [Reserved] [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9980, June 17, (i) (Reproduces 131.3.4.) For those ma- 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14234, July 18, 1972; terials listed under P–No. 1, when the CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973; CGD wall thickness of the thicker of the two 73–254, 40 FR 40166, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, abutting ends, after end preparation, is 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, 1989] less than three-fourths inch, the weld need not be postheat treated. In all § 56.85–15 Postheat treatment. cases, where the nominal wall thick- (a) Where pressure retaining compo- ness is 3⁄4 in. or less, postheat treat- nents having different thicknesses are ment is not required. welded together as is often the case (j) (1)–(2) [Reserved] when making branch connections, the (3) In local postheat treatment the preheat and postheat treatment re- entire band must be brought up to uni- quirements of Table 56.85–10 apply to form specified temperature over the the thicker of the components being complete circumference of the pipe sec- joined. Postweld heat treatment is re- tion, with a gradual diminishing of the quired for Classes I, I–L, II–L, and sys- temperature outward from the edges of tems. It is not required for Class II pip- the band. ing. Refer to § 56.50–105(a)(3) for excep- tions in Classes I–L and II–L systems [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as and to paragraph (b) of this section for amended by CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975] Class I systems. (b) All buttwelded joints in Class I piping shall be postweld heated as re- Subpart 56.90—Assembly quired by Table 56.85–10. The following exceptions are permitted: § 56.90–1 General. (1) High pressure salt water piping (a) The assembly of the various pip- systems used in tank cleaning oper- ing components, whether done in a ations; and, shop or as field erection, shall be done (2) Gas supply piping of carbon or so that the completely erected piping carbon molybdenum steel used in gas conforms with the requirements of the turbines. regulations in this subchapter and with (c) All complicated connections in- the specified requirements of the engi- cluding manifolds shall be stress-re- neering design.
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§ 56.90–5 Bolting procedure. owner, together with the marine in- spector. (a) All flanged joints shall be fitted up so that the gasket contact faces [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as bear uniformly on the gasket and then amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9979, June 17, shall be made up with relatively uni- 1970] form bolt stress. Bolt loading and gas- § 56.95–5 Rights of access of marine in- ket compression need only be verified spectors. by touch and visual observation. Marine inspectors shall have rights (b) (Reproduces 135.2.2.) In bolting of access to any place where work con- gasketed flanged joints, the gasket cerned with the piping is being per- shall be properly compressed in accord- formed. This includes manufacture, ance with the design principles applic- fabrication, assembly, erection, and able to the type of gasket used. testing of the piping or system compo- (c) Steel to cast iron flanged joints nents. Marine inspectors shall have ac- shall be assembled with care to prevent cess to review all certifications or rec- damage to the cast iron flange in ac- ords pertaining to the inspection re- cordance with § 56.25–10. quirements of § 56.95–1, including cer- (d) (Reproduces 135.2.4.) All bolts tified qualifications for welders, weld- shall be engaged so that there is visible ing operators, and welding procedures. evidence of complete threading through the nut or threaded attach- § 56.95–10 Type and extent of examina- tion required. ment. (a) General. The types and extent of § 56.90–10 Threaded piping (repro- nondestructive examinations required duces 135.4). for piping must be in accordance with (a) Any compound or lubricant used this section and Table 136.4 of ANSI– in threaded joints shall be suitable for B31.1. In addition, a visual examination shall be made. the service conditions and shall not (1) 100 percent radiography 1 is re- react unfavorably with either the serv- quired for all Class I, I–L, and II–L pip- ice fluid or the piping materials. ing with wall thickness equal to or (b) Threaded joints which are to be greater than 10 mm (.375 in.). seal welded shall be made up without (2) Nondestructive examination is re- any thread compound. quired for all Class II piping equal to or (c) Backing off to permit alignment greater than 18 inches nominal diame- of pipe threaded joints shall not be per- ter regardless of wall thickness. Any mitted. test method acceptable to the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection may be Subpart 56.95—Inspection used. (3) Appropriate nondestructive ex- § 56.95–1 General (replaces 136). aminations of other piping systems are (a) The provisions in this subpart required only when deemed necessary by the Officer in Charge, Marine In- shall apply to inspection in lieu of 136 spection. In such cases a method of of ANSI–B31.1. testing satisfactory to the Officer in (b) Prior to initial operation, a piping Charge, Marine Inspection must be se- installation shall be inspected to the lected from those described in this sec- extent necessary to assure compliance tion. with the engineering design, and with (b) Visual examination. Visual exam- the material, fabrication, assembly and ination consists of observation by the test requirements of ANSI–B31.1, as marine inspector of whatever portions modified by this subchapter. This in- of a component or weld are exposed to spection is the responsibility of the such observation, either before, during, owner and may be performed by em- or after manufacture, fabrication, as- ployees of the owner or of an engineer- sembly or test. All welds, pipe and pip- ing organization employed by the ing components shall be capable of
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complying with the limitations on im- tire surface of the weld being examined perfections specified in the product shall be covered. The examination specification under which the pipe or shall be performed in accordance with component was purchased, or with the appendix VIII to section VIII of the limitations on imperfections specified ASME Code. The following standards of in § 56.70–15(b) (7) and (8), and (c), as ap- acceptance shall be met: plicable. (i) All linear discontinuities and (c) Nondestructive types of examina- aligned penetrant indications revealed tions—(1) 100 Percent radiography. by the test shall be removed. Aligned Where 100 percent radiography 1is re- penetrant indications are those in quired for welds in piping, each weld in which the average of the center-to-cen- the piping shall be completely ter distances between any one indica- radiographed. If a butt weld is exam- tion and the two adjacent indications ined by radiography, for either random in any straight line is less than three- or 100 percent radiography, the method sixteenths inch. All other discontinu- used shall be as follows: ities revealed on the surface need not (i) X-ray or gamma ray method of ra- be removed unless the discontinuities diography may be used. The selection are also revealed by radiography, in of the method shall be dependent upon which case the pertinent radiographic its adaptability to the work being specification shall apply. radiographed. The procedure to be fol- (5) Magnetic particle. Where magnetic lowed shall be as indicated in PW–51 of particle testing is required, the entire section I of the ASME Code. surface of the weld being examined (ii) If a piping component or a weld shall be covered. The testing shall be other than a butt weld is radiographed, performed in accordance with appendix the method used shall be in accordance VI to section VIII of the ASME Code. with UW–51 of section VIII of the The following standards of acceptance ASME Code. are required for welds. All linear dis- (2) Random radiography. Where ran- continuities and aligned indications re- 1 dom radiography is required, one or vealed by the test shall be removed. more welds may be completely or par- Aligned indications are those in which tially radiographed. Random radiog- the average of the center-to-center dis- raphy is considered to be a desirable tances between any one indication and means of spot checking welder per- the two adjacent indications in any formance, particularly in field welding straight line is less than three-six- where conditions such as position, am- teenths inch. All other revealed dis- bient temperatures, and cleanliness are continuities need not be removed un- not as readily controlled as in shop less the discontinuities are also re- welding. It is to be employed whenever vealed by radiography, in which case an Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of questions a pipe weld not otherwise re- this section shall be met. quired to be tested. The standards of acceptance are the same as for 100 per- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as cent radiography. amended by CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June (3) Ultrasonic. Where 100 percent ul- 29, 1973; CGD 78–108, 43 FR 46546, Oct. 10, 1978; trasonic testing is specified, the entire CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, 1989; CGD 95– 028, 62 FR 51202, Sept. 30, 1997; USCG–2000– surface of the weld being inspected 7790, 65 FR 58460, Sept. 29, 2000] shall be covered using extreme care and careful methods to be sure that a true representation of the actual condi- Subpart 56.97—Pressure Tests tions is obtained. The procedures to be § 56.97–1 General (replaces 137). used shall be submitted to the Com- mandant for approval. (a) Scope. The requirements in this (4) Liquid penetrant. Where liquid pen- subpart apply to pressure tests of pip- etrant examination is required, the en- ing in lieu of 137 of ANSI–B31.1. Those paragraphs reproduced are so noted. 1 Where for some reason, such as joint con- (b) Leak tightness. It is mandatory figuration, radiography is not applicable, an- that the design, fabrication and erec- other approved examination may be utilized. tion of piping constructed under the
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regulations in this subchapter dem- specification to be performed subse- onstrate leak tightness. Except where quent to the hydrostatic or pneumatic otherwise permitted in this subpart, test. this requirement must be met by a hy- [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975] drostatic leak test prior to initial oper- ations. Where a hydrostatic test is not § 56.97–5 Pressure testing of non- practicable, a pneumatic test (§ 56.97– standard piping system compo- 35) or initial service leak test (§ 56.97– nents. 38) may be substituted if approved by (a) All nonstandard piping system the Commandant. components such as welded valves and (1) At no time during the hydrostatic fittings, nonstandard fittings, mani- test may any part of the piping system folds, seacocks, and other appur- be subjected to a stress greater than 90 tenances must be hydrostatically test- percent of its yield strength (0.2 per- ed to twice the rated pressure stamped cent offset) at test temperature. thereon, except that no component (2) Pneumatic tests may be used in should be tested at a pressure causing lieu of the required hydrostatic test stresses in excess of 90 percent of its (except as permitted in paragraph (b)(3) yield strength. of this section), only when— (b) Items for which an accepted (i) Piping subassemblies or systems standard appears in Table 56.60–1(b) are so designed or supported that they need not be tested as described in para- cannot be safely filled with water; 1 or graph (a) of this section, but need only (ii) Piping subassemblies or systems meet the test required in the applica- are to be used in services where traces ble standard. of the testing medium cannot be toler- ated and, whenever possible, the piping [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as subassemblies or system have been pre- amended by CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, 1989] viously hydrostatically tested to the pressure required in § 56.97–30(e). § 56.97–25 Preparation for testing (re- (3) A pneumatic test at a pressure produces 137.3). not to exceed 25 psig may be applied be- (a) Exposure of joints. All joints in- fore a hydrostatic or a pneumatic test cluding welds must be left uninsulated as a means of locating major leaks. and exposed for examination during the The preliminary pneumatic test must test. be carried out in accordance with the (b) Addition of temporary supports. requirements of § 56.97–35. Piping systems designed for vapor or NOTE: Compressed gas is hazardous when gas may be provided with additional used as a testing medium. It is, therefore, temporary supports, if necessary, to recommended that special precautions for support the weight of the test liquid. protection of personnel be taken whenever (c) Restraint or isolation of expansion gas under pressure is used as the test me- joints. Expansion joints must be pro- dium. vided with temporary restraint, if re- (4) The hydrostatic test of the piping quired for the additional pressure load system, when conducted in accordance under test, or they must be isolated with the requirements of this part, is from the test. acceptable as the test for piping sub- (d) Isolation of equipment not subjected assemblies and may also be used in lieu to pressure test. Equipment that is not of any such test required by the mate- to be subjected to the pressure test rial specification for material used in must be either disconnected from the the piping subassembly or system pro- piping subassembly or system or iso- vided the minimum test pressure re- lated by a blank flange or similar quired for the piping system is met, ex- means. Valves may be used if the valve cept where the installation would pre- with its closure is suitable for the pro- vent performing any nondestructive ex- posed test pressure. amination required by the material (e) Treatment of flanged joints con- taining blinds. Flanged joints at which 1 These tests may be made with the item blinds are inserted to blank off other being tested partially filled with water, if de- equipment during the test need not be sired. tested.
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(f) Precautions against test medium ex- ed hydrostatically, the test pressure pansion. If a pressure test is to be must not exceed the maximum test maintained for a period of time and the pressure of any component such as ves- test medium in the system is subject to sels, pumps, or valves in the system. thermal expansion, precautions must (2) At no time during the hydrostatic be taken to avoid excessive pressure. A test may any part of the piping system small relief valve set to 11⁄3 times the be subjected to a stress greater than 90 test pressure is recommended during percent of its yield strength (0.2 per- the pressure test. cent offset) at test temperature. (g) Hydrostatic test pressure holding [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975] time. The hydrostatic test pressure § 56.97–30 Hydrostatic tests (repro- must be maintained for a minimum duces 137.4). total time of 10 minutes and for such additional time as may be necessary to (a) Provision of air vents at high points. conduct the examination for leakage Vents must be provided at all high required by § 56.97–30(d). points of the piping subassembly or system in the position in which the [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975] test is to be conducted to purge air pockets while the component or system § 56.97–35 Pneumatic tests (replaces is filling. 137.5). (b) Test medium and test temperature. (a) General Requirements. When a (1) Water will be used for a hydrostatic pneumatic test is performed, it must be leak test unless another medium is ap- conducted in accordance with the re- proved by the Commandant. quirements of this section. (2) The temperature of the test me- (b) Test medium and test temperature. dium will be that of the available (1) The gas used as the test medium source unless otherwise approved by must not be flammable. the Commandant upon review of the (2) The temperature of the test me- metallurgical aspects of the piping ma- dium will be that of the available terials with respect to its brittle frac- source unless otherwise approved by ture properties. the Commandant upon review of the (c) Check of test equipment before ap- metallurgical aspects of the piping ma- plying pressure. The test equipment terials with respect to its brittle frac- must be examined before pressure is ture properties. applied to ensure that it is tight and (c) Check of test equipment before ap- that all low-pressure filling lines and plying pressure. The test equipment other items that should not be sub- must be examined before pressure is jected to the test pressure have been applied to ensure that it is tight and disconnected or isolated by valves or that all items that should not be sub- other suitable means. jected to the test pressure have been (d) Examination for leakage after appli- disconnected or isolated by valves or cation of pressure. Following the appli- other suitable means. cation of the hydrostatic test pressure (d) Procedure for applying pressure. for a minimum of 10 minutes (see The pressure in the system must § 56.97–30(g)), examination for leakage gradually be increased to not more must be made of all joints, connections than one-half of the test pressure, after and of all regions of high stress, such which the pressure is increased in steps as regions around openings and thick- of approximately one-tenth of the test ness-transition sections. pressure until the required test pres- (e) Minimum required hydrostatic test sure has been reached. pressure. Except as otherwise permitted (e) Examination for leakage after appli- in § 56.97–30(f) or § 56.97–40, piping sys- cation of pressure. Following the appli- tems must be subjected to a hydro- cation of pressure for the time speci- static test pressure that at every point fied in § 56.97–35(h), examination for in the system is not less than 1.5 times leakage in accordance with 56.97–30(d) the maximum allowable working pres- must be conducted. sure. (f) Minimum required pneumatic test (f) Maximum permissible hydrostatic pressure. Except as provided in § 56.97– test pressure. (1) When a system is test- 35(g) or § 56.97–40, the pneumatic test
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pressure may not be less than 1.20 nor the boiler is tested. The maximum al- more than 1.25 times the maximum al- lowable working pressures of boiler lowable working pressure of the piping feedwater and blowoff piping shall be subassembly system. the design pressures specified in (g) Maximum permissible pneumatic test §§ 56.50–30(a)(3) and 56.50–40(b), respec- pressure. When a system is tested pneu- tively. matically, the test pressure may not (2) Fuel oil discharge piping between exceed the maximum test pressure of the pumps and the burners, but not less any component such as vessels, pumps than 500 pounds per square inch. or valves in the system. (3) High-pressure piping for tank (h) Pneumatic test pressure holding cleaning operations. time. The pneumatic test pressure must (4) Flammable or corrosive liquids be maintained for a minimum total and compressed gas cargo piping, but time of 10 minutes and for such addi- not less than 150 pounds per square tional time as may be necessary to inch. conduct the examination for leakage (5) Any Class I, I–L, II–L piping. required in § 56.97–30(d). (6) Cargo oil piping. [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40168, Sept. 2, 1975] (7) Firemains, but not less than 150 pounds per square inch. § 56.97–38 Initial service leak test (re- produces 137.7). (8) Fuel oil transfer and filling pip- ing. (a) An initial service leak test and in- (9) Class I compressed air piping. spection is acceptable when other types (10) Fixed oxygen-acetylene system of test are not practical or when leak piping. tightness is conveniently demonstrable due to the nature of the service. One (b) Installation testing requirements example is turbine extraction piping for refrigeration, fluid power, and liq- where shut-off valves are not available uefied petroleum gas cooking and heat- for isolating a line and where tem- ing systems may be found in part 58 of porary closures are impractical. Others this subchapter. may be systems for service water, low (c) Class II piping systems shall be pressure condensate, plant and instru- tested under working conditions as ment air, etc., where checking out of specified in the section on initial serv- pumps and compressors afford ample ice leak test, § 56.97–38. opportunity for leak tightness inspec- [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as tion prior to fullscale operation. amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9980, June 17, (b) The piping system must be gradu- 1970; CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973 ally brought up to design pressure. CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40168, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 95– After inspection of the piping system 028, 62 FR 51202, Sept. 30, 1997] has proven that the installation is complete and all joints are leak-tight, PART 57—WELDING AND BRAZING the piping has met the requirements of § 56.97–1. Subpart 57.01—Scope [CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40168, Sept. 2, 1975] Sec. § 56.97–40 Installation tests. 57.01–1 Qualifications and production tests. (a) The following piping systems Subpart 57.02—General Requirements shall be hydrostatically leak tested in the presence of a marine inspector at a 57.02–1 Incorporation by reference. pressure of 11⁄2 times the maximum al- 57.02–2 Adoption of section IX of the ASME lowable working pressure of the sys- Code. tem: 57.02–3 Performance qualifications issued by (1) Class I steam, feedwater, and other agencies. 57.02–4 Fabricator’s responsibility. blowoff piping. Where piping is at- 57.02–5 Filler metals. tached to boilers by welding without practical means of blanking off for Subpart 57.03—Procedure Qualifications testing, the piping shall be subjected to the same hydrostatic pressure to which 57.03–1 General requirements.
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