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Some Notes on Implosive Consonants in Nyangatom
Studies in Ethiopian Languages, 5 (2016), 11-20 Some Notes on Implosive Consonants in Nyangatom Moges Yigezu (Addis Ababa University) [email protected] Abstract Nyangatom is a member of the Teso-Turkana cluster within the Eastern-Niltoic group of languages (Vossen 1982) and is spoken in Ethiopia, in the lower Omo valley, by approximately 25,000 speakers (CSA 2008). While there is a detailed description on the Turkana variety spoken in Kenya (Heine 1980, Dimmendaal 1983) there are few grammatical sketches on the Nyangatom variety (Dimmendaal (2007) and Kadanya & Schroder (2011)) spoken in Ethiopia. The status of implosives in the Teso-Turkana group in general and in Nyangatom in particular has not been investigated more clearly and different authors have reached different conclusions in the past. Heine (1980), for instance, recorded implosives as having a phonemic status in Turkana while Dimmendaal (1983) has described implosives in Turkana as variants of their voiced counterparts. In Nyangatom the grammatical sketches published so far have not identified implosive consonants as phonemes of the language. The current contribution gives a preliminary phonological analysis of implosives in Nyangatom with some comparative-historical notes and claim that implosives are full-fledged phonemes in Nyangatom and the opposition is between voiceless stops and implosives while the voiced stops are virtually absent from the phonological system. 1 Introduction Nyangatom belongs to the Teso- Turkana dialect cluster that consists of four major groups and spread over four East African countries, namely, the Nyangatom in Ethiopia, the Toposa in Southern Sudan, the Turkana in Kenya, and the Karamojong in North Eastern Uganda. -
Tact in Translation Negotiating Trust by the Russian Interpreter, at Home
Tact in Translation Negotiating trust by the Russian interpreter, at home and abroad Eline Helmer University College London Anthropology of Russia and Interpreting Prof Anne White Dr Seth Graham Declaration I, Eline Helmer, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Eline Helmer 2 Abstract Being the only conversational participant with the ability to follow both sides of a cross- linguistic dialogue gives the interpreter the power to obscure or clarify. Because of heightened mutual dependency, all interpreters need trust to perform their roles. They actively build trust, both between self and client and between clients. In academic linguistic contexts, trust is often regarded as based on impartiality: the more objective and invisible the interpreter, the better and more professional he or she will be. In practice, this approach is not always possible, or desirable. The trust relationship between client and interpreter can also be based on closeness and personal interdependence. Interpreting po-chelovecheski (lit. ‘approaching someone in a humane way’) is a colloquial way for Russian interpreters to describe this approach. This thesis explores the negotiation of trust by Russian interpreters. The Russian translation market’s unregulated character, and historical framing of ‘the foreigner’ as someone to be protected and mistrusted, make for an interesting case to study face-to-face interpreting at all levels of the international dialogue. Based on ethnographic fieldwork with interpreters from St Petersburg, Moscow and Pskov, I argue that becoming ‘someone’s voice’ presents a specific caring relationship. -
Investigation of the Consonant Endings of the Chaoshan Dialect: a Result of Language Contact and Horizontal Transmission
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses Dissertations and Theses 5-8-2020 INVESTIGATION OF THE CONSONANT ENDINGS OF THE CHAOSHAN DIALECT: A RESULT OF LANGUAGE CONTACT AND HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION Jin Chen University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2 Part of the Chinese Studies Commons, Comparative and Historical Linguistics Commons, and the Computational Linguistics Commons Recommended Citation Chen, Jin, "INVESTIGATION OF THE CONSONANT ENDINGS OF THE CHAOSHAN DIALECT: A RESULT OF LANGUAGE CONTACT AND HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION" (2020). Masters Theses. 903. https://doi.org/10.7275/17376168 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/903 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INVESTIGATION OF THE CONSONANT ENDINGS OF THE CHAOSHAN DIALECT: A RESULT OF LANGUAGE CONTACT AND HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION A Thesis Presented by JIN CHEN Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2020 Chinese © Copyright by Jin Chen 2020 All Rights Reserved INVESTIGATION OF THE CONSONANT ENDINGS OF THE CHAOSHAN DIALECT: A RESULT OF LANGUAGE CONTACT AND HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION -
The Acquisition of Plosives and Implosives by a Fulfulde-Speaking Child Aged from 5 to 10
ICPhS XVII Regular Session Hong Kong, 17-21 August 2011 THE ACQUISITION OF PLOSIVES AND IMPLOSIVES BY A FULFULDE-SPEAKING CHILD AGED1 FROM 5 TO 10;29 MONTHS Ibrahima Cissé, Didier Demolin & Nathalie Vallée Gipsa-lab, CNRS, Grenoble Université, France [email protected] ABSTRACT half an hour twice a month from the age of 5 months to 10 months 29 days in his family (in the This paper reports an analysis of the acquisition of village of Nokara). M was recorded interacting plosives and implosives by a Fulfulde monolingual with his mother during “normal” daily life child aged from 5 months to 10 months and 29 activities. M is growing up in a Fulfulde days. Analyses revealed that before 11 months the monolingual family and village. child was making use of complex consonant-like implosives and prenasal plosives. We provided 2.1.2. The adult data new aerodynamic analyses of adult‟s implosive /ɓ/. These aerodynamic data revealed that in Fulfulde The adult data on implosives are from I., a 28 this phoneme exhibits both voiced and voiceless years old male native speaker of Fulfulde from allophones. Nokara. A list of words containing implosives was recorded. Each word was recorded 3 times using Keywords: acquisition of plosives and implosives, an EVA2® portable workstation. This portable Fulfulde workstation provides simultaneously synchronized intra-oral pressure (Ps) measured in hPa and an 1. INTRODUCTION audio waveform of speech. The audio recording Research on child phonological acquisition focuses sampling was at 44100KHz. on several aspects of the emergence of speech production in children: prosody [7], segments [2], 2.2. -
A Patois of Saintonge: Descriptive Analysis of an Idiolect and Assessment of Present State of Saintongeais
70-13,996 CHIDAINE, John Gabriel, 1922- A PATOIS OF SAINTONGE: DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF AN IDIOLECT AND ASSESSMENT OF PRESENT STATE OF SAINTONGEAIS. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1969 Language and Literature, linguistics University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan •3 COPYRIGHT BY JOHN GABRIEL CHIDAINE 1970 THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED A PATOIS OF SAINTONGE : DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF AN IDIOLECT AND ASSESSMENT OF PRESENT STATE OF SAINTONGEAIS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By John Gabriel Chidaine, B.A., M.A. ****** The Ohio State University 1969 Approved by Depart w .. w PLEASE NOTE: Not original copy. Some pages have indistinct print. Filmed as received. UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS PREFACE The number of studies which have been undertaken with regard to the southwestern dialects of the langue d'oi'l area is astonishingly small. Most deal with diachronic considerations. As for the dialect of Saintonge only a few articles are available. This whole area, which until a few generations ago contained a variety of apparently closely related patois or dialects— such as Aunisian, Saintongeais, and others in Lower Poitou— , is today for the most part devoid of them. All traces of a local speech have now’ disappeared from Aunis. And in Saintonge, patois speakers are very limited as to their number even in the most remote villages. The present study consists of three distinct and unequal phases: one pertaining to the discovering and gethering of an adequate sample of Saintongeais patois, as it is spoken today* another presenting a synchronic analysis of its most pertinent features; and, finally, one attempting to interpret the results of this analysis in the light of time and area dimensions. -
The Changing EFL Teacher-Textbook Relationship in Ukraine, 1917 – 2010: a Non-Native English-Speaking Teacher’S Perspective
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2019-01-25 The Changing EFL Teacher-Textbook Relationship in Ukraine, 1917 – 2010: A Non-Native English-Speaking Teacher’s Perspective. An Autoethnography Chebotaryov, Oleksandr Chebotaryov, O. (2019). The Changing EFL Teacher-Textbook Relationship in Ukraine, 1917 – 2010: A Non-Native English-Speaking Teacher’s Perspective. An Autoethnography (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/109860 master thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY The Changing EFL Teacher-Textbook Relationship in Ukraine, 1917 – 2010: A Non-Native English-Speaking Teacher’s Perspective An Autoethnography by Oleksandr Chebotaryov A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS GRADUATE PROGRAM IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH CALGARY, ALBERTA JANUARY, 2019 © Oleksandr Chebotaryov 2019 Abstract The goal of this autoethnographic study is to understand the relationship between a non-native English-speaking teacher of English as a foreign language and their textbooks at different stages of their professional development, in different socio-cultural and political – Soviet and post- Soviet – contexts with the growing tendency of opposing or rejecting textbooks as educational tools. -
The Ethiopian Language Area,Journal of Ethio Ian Studies, 8/2167-80
DOCUMEUT RESUME FL 002 580 ED 056 566 46 AUTHOR Ferguson, Charles A. TITLE The Ethiopean LanguageArea. INSTITUTION Stanford Univ., Calif. SPONS AGENCY Institute of InternationalStudies (DHEW/OE) Washingtn, D.C. PUB DATE Jul 71 CONTRACT OEC-0-71-1018(823) NOTE 22p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29 DESCRIPTORS Amharic; Consonants;*Descriptive Linguistics; *Distinctive Features;Geographic Distribution; *Grammar; *LanguageClassification; Language Patterns; LanguageTypology7 Morphology(Languages); Phonemes; *Phonology;Pronunciation; Semitic Languages; Sumali;Structural Analysis; Syntax; Tables (Data); Verbs;Vowels IDENTIFIERS *Ethiopia ABSTRACT This paper constitutesthe fifth chapterof the forthcoming volume Languagein Ethiopia.ft In aneffort to better linguistic area, theauthor analyzes define the particular in the area have phonological and grammaticalfeatures that languages in common. A numberof features havebeen identified as characteristic of the area,and this chapterdiscusses eight phonological and eighteengrammatical characteristicswhich constitute significantitems within thelanguages under illustrate the distributionof these features consideration. Tables is included. among theparticular languages. Alist of references cm Cr. D 1-LtLet_121 ar_.ok 43./4 FL THE ETHIOPIAN LANGUAGEAREA Charles A. Ferguson HEW Contract No. OEC-0-71-1018(823) Institute of InternationalStudies U.S. Office of Education U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH,EDUCATION & WcI PARE OFFICE In- EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FRO M TH E PERSONOR ORGANIZATION -
An Introduction to English Phonetics for the Estonian Learner
TARTU STATE UNIVERSITY AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH PHONETICS FOR THE ESTONIAN LEARNER O.MUTT TARTU SSm 19 7 1 TARTU STATE UNIVERSITY Chair of English AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH PHONETICS FO R M ESTONIAN LEARNER O.MUTT'S preface The present survey of English pronunciation is primar ily intended to serve as a handbook for students of English in the Estonian S.S.R. There has been no shortage of good surveys of the pho netic system of British (and more recently of American) Eng lish either abroad or in the Soviet Union. What has been lacking, however, is a more-or-less complete account of the pronunciation of English written from the point of view of the Estonian learner. We do now have a competently written and thorough survey of English intonation and accentuation in comparison with that of Estonian (П. К. Ваараск, Тониче ские средства речи, ч. I—II, Таллин 1964 ), but there is as yet no comprehensive account of the English vowels and con sonants, of various assimilatory phenomena in English, etc. written with the Estonian learner in mind. The present hand book constitutes a modest attempt to fill this gap. The aim of this publication is to provide advanced Estonian learners of English with the essential theoretical and practical material which would enable them to master English pronunciation themselves and to learn how to teach it to others. Chapters 1-2, and the first four sections of Chapter 3» contain material from the course on theoretical » phonetics provided for students of English at universities and institutes in the Soviet Union. -
Ettien Koffi's Note for Students of African Orthographies in Latin Script, This Is a Very Important Document. the Decisions C
1 Ettien Koffi’s Note For students of African orthographies in Latin script, this is a very important document. The decisions contained in this document have influenced the orthography of African languages. I have seen this document quoted in several documents. However, this is the first time I have seen the document in its entirety. I’m happy to post it on my website. However, the entire document can also be found at: http://www.bisharat.net/Documents/poal30.htm INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AFRICAN LANGUAGES AND CULTURES MEMORANDUM I Revised Edition PRACTICAL ORTHOGRAPHY OF AFRICAN LANGUAGES Published by the OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS for the INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AFRICAN LANGUAGES AND CULTURES 22 CRAVEN STREET LONDON, W.C. 2 1930 PRACTICAL ORTHOGRAPHY OF AFRICAN LANGUAGES INTRODUCTION THE first edition of the Practical Orthography of African Languages, consisting of 3,500 copies (3,000 in English and 500 in German) has been sold out within two years. This fact proves that the problem of finding a practical and uniform method of writing African languages has aroused widespread interest, and that the efforts of the Institute towards the solution of the problem have met with considerable response. The second edition is being printed in English, French, and German. 2 Up to the present, the principles of orthography recommended by the Institute have been accepted for the following languages: Fante, Twi, Ga, Ewe on the Gold Coast; Efik, lbo, Yoruba, and partially for Hausa in Nigeria; for Mende, Temne, Soso, Konno, Limba in Sierra Leone; Shilluk, Nuer, Dinka, Bari, Latuko, Madi, and Zande in the Sudan; in Mashonaland it is proposed for a written language to be called Shona, based on the closely related dialects of Karanga, Zezuru, Ndau, Korekore, and Manyika. -
Ročník 68, 2017
2 ROČNÍK 68, 2017 JAZYKOVEDNÝ ČASOPIS ________________________________________________________________VEDEcKÝ ČASOPIS PrE OtáZKY tEórIE JAZYKA JOUrNAL Of LINGUIStIcS ScIENtIfIc JOUrNAL fOr thE thEOrY Of LANGUAGE ________________________________________________________________ hlavná redaktorka/Editor-in-chief: doc. Mgr. Gabriela Múcsková, PhD. Výkonní redaktori/Managing Editors: PhDr. Ingrid Hrubaničová, PhD., Mgr. Miroslav Zumrík, PhD. redakčná rada/Editorial Board: doc. PhDr. Ján Bosák, CSc. (Bratislava), PhDr. Klára Buzássyová, CSc. (Bratislava), prof. PhDr. Juraj Dolník, DrSc. (Bratislava), PhDr. Ingrid Hrubaničová, PhD. (Bra tislava), Doc. Mgr. Martina Ivanová, PhD. (Prešov), Mgr. Nicol Janočková, PhD. (Bratislava), Mgr. Alexandra Jarošová, CSc. (Bratislava), prof. PaedDr. Jana Kesselová, CSc. (Prešov), PhDr. Ľubor Králik, CSc. (Bratislava), PhDr. Viktor Krupa, DrSc. (Bratislava), doc. Mgr. Gabriela Múcsková, PhD. (Bratislava), Univ. Prof. Mag. Dr. Ste- fan Michael Newerkla (Viedeň – Rakúsko), Associate Prof. Mark Richard Lauersdorf, Ph.D. (Kentucky – USA), doc. Mgr. Martin Ološtiak, PhD. (Prešov), prof. PhDr. Slavomír Ondrejovič, DrSc. (Bratislava), prof. PaedDr. Vladimír Patráš, CSc. (Banská Bystrica), prof. PhDr. Ján Sabol, DrSc. (Košice), prof. PhDr. Juraj Vaňko, CSc. (Nitra), Mgr. Miroslav Zumrík, PhD. prof. PhDr. Pavol Žigo, CSc. (Bratislava). technický_______________________________________________________________ redaktor/technical editor: Mgr. Vladimír Radik Vydáva/Published by: Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra Slovenskej -
Microsyntactic Annotation of Corpora and Its Use in Computational Linguistics Tasks1
JAZyKOVEDNÝ ČASOPIS, 2017, roč. 68, č. 2 MICROSyntactic Annotation Of CORPORA AND ITS USE IN Computational LINGUISTICS TASKS1 LEONID IOMDIN A. A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia IOMDIN, Leonid: Microsyntactic Annotation of Corpora and Its Use in Computational Linguistics Tasks. Journal of Linguistics, 2017, Vol. 68, No 2, pp. 169 – 178. Abstract: Microsyntax is a linguistic discipline dealing with idiomatic elements whose important properties are strongly related to syntax. In a way, these elements may be viewed as transitional entities between the lexicon and the grammar, which explains why they are often underrepresented in both of these resource types: the lexicographer fails to see such elements as full-fledged lexical units, while the grammarian finds them too specific to justify the creation of individual well-developed rules. As a result, such elements are poorly covered by linguistic models used in advanced modern computational linguistic tasks like high-quality machine translation or deep semantic analysis. A possible way to mend the situation and improve the coverage and adequate treatment of microsyntactic units in linguistic resources is to develop corpora with microsyntactic annotation, closely linked to specially designed lexicons. The paper shows how this task is solved in the deeply annotated corpus of Russian, SynTagRus. Keywords: Text corpora, Russian syntactically tagged corpus SynTagRus, syntactic idioms, microsyntactic annotation, microsyntactic dictionary 1 INtrODUctOrY rEMArKS The theory of microsyntax has been developed by the author over the last 15 years (recent publications include [1], [2], [3], [4]). In this theory, which has much in common with construction grammar (see e.g. -
Ferdinand De Saussure
Introduction to Theoretical and Applied Linguistics Ferdinand de Saussure /1857-1913/ Introduction to Theoretical and Applied Linguistics FERDINAND DE SAUSSURE /1857-1913/ PERSONALIA PAGE FERDINAND DE SAUSSURE • Ferdinand de Saussure (/soʊˈsjʊər/; French: [fɛʁdinɑ̃ də sosyʁ]; 26 November 1857 – 22 February 1913) was a Swiss linguist and semiotician. His ideas laid a foundation for many significant developments in both linguistics and semiology in the 20th century. • He is widely considered one of the founders of 20th- century linguistics and one of two major founders (together with Charles Sanders Peirce (/pɜːrs/ "purse"; 10 September 1839 – 19 April 1914) ) of semiotics/ semiology. SAUSSURE'S SYSTEM OF SCIENCES General Psychology Social Psychology Semiology Linguistics External Internal Synchronic Diachronic SEMIOLOGY • Beginning with the Greek word sēméion meaning "sign", Saussure proposes a new science of "Semiology": "a science that studies the life of signs within society" SYNTAGMATIC AND PARADIGMATIC RELATIONS • Syntagmatic means one element selects the other element either to precede it or to follow it. For example, the definitive article "the" selects a noun and not a verb. “ SAUSSUREAN TRICHOTOMY [trɪ'kɔtəmɪ] OF LANGUAGE • Le Langage is most easily understood and indeed explained as a rule-abiding game. It is a universal system which has an underlying, fundamental, structure so that linguistic communication can work. • La langue is the actual language spoken, for instance; French, German or English. The language of the speaker. • La parole is the individual speech act. Romantic and humanistic readings influence one’s parole. READ MORE ON THIS TOPIC LINK SYNTAGMATIC AND PARADIGMATIC RELATIONS • Paradigmatic analysis is the analysis of paradigms embedded in the text rather than of the surface structure (syntax) of the text which is termed syntagmatic analysis.