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À Madagascar P
Comité scientifique Afrique contemporaine Marc Aicardi de Saint-Paul (politologue) Jacq ues Alibert (Association pour l'étude des problèmes d 'oinre-mer) Equipe de rédaction Jacques Binet (Universite de Paris IV) François Gaulme Jean du Bois de Gaudusson (Univ ersité Monresquieu-Bordeaux IV) (direc reur scientifique Gérard Chambas (CERo l-CNRS) el rédacteur en chef) Gérard Conac (Universite de Paris 1) Jean-Yves Coutat P ilippe Decraene (politologu e) Anne-Mar ie Barbey-Beresi Michel Gaud (socio-économiste) Philippe Hugo n (Université de Paris X) Max Jalade (joum eliste) Edmond Jouve (Université de Paris 1) Concept ion graphique François Kerhuel (Agence française de développement) Intégral Concept - Pippo Lionni Bernard Pécriaux (ancien administrateur civil au ministère de la Coopéra ion) Laurence Porgès (IRo) Avertissem ent au lect e ur Roland Pourtier (Universit éde Paris 1) Les opinions exprimées Gérard Prunier (CNRS) dans les articles n'engagent Alfred Schwar tz (lRo) que leurs auteurs. Ces articles ne peuvent être reproduits sans autorisation. Celle-ci doit être demandée à La Documentation française 29-31. quai Voltaire 75344 Paris Cedex 07 © La documentation Française Un fonds docume nta ire En sooucsson ce la IQi du 1 1mars 7957 sur l'Afrique (ar. 4 T) er du code de /a propriete Ùl!effecJuv/le • à la bibliothèque (accè s libre) dù 1~ ltJi/fe: 1992. fOu te reproductJon parfieffe 011 touteIl usage cottecut de la présente . au Centre de documentation puDf!cattOfi ost str.ctemeruinterdi:e internationale, COI S~1 1 S 8LJtorisarron expresse de teaaea r. (sur rendez-vous - Tél. 01 40 1572 18) Il est rsocete Il cet égard Q.l6l'usage ab uSif 29-31, quai Voltaire 75007 Paris e: cosecu!do ln oh IOCOpte me,' el1dan(Jer l'~qIJil;bre ecoooovoue des Circuits AU lIVre. -
F a S T Update Madagascar Semi-Annual Risk Assessment June to November 2006
F A S T Update Madagascar Semi-annual Risk Assessment June to November 2006 T S A F © swisspeace FAST Update Madagascar | June to November 2006 | Page 2 Contents Country Stability and Cooperative International Events (relative) 3 Conflictive Government and Non-Government Events (relative) 5 Cooperative and Conflictive Domestic Events (relative) 8 Appendix: Description of indicators used 11 The FAST International Early Warning Program 12 FAST Update Subscription: www.swisspeace.org/fast/subscription_form.asp Contact FAST International: Country Expert: Phone: +41 31 330 12 19 Richard Marcus Fax: +41 31 330 12 13 mailto:[email protected] www.swisspeace.org/fast © swisspeace FAST Update Madagascar | June to November 2006 | Page 3 Country Stability and Cooperative International Events (relative) Average number of reported events per month: 127 Indicator description: see appendix Risk Assessment: • During the second half of 2006 Country Stability and Cooperative International Events in Madagascar were primarily a function of the social and political actions in the run-up to the much anticipated 3 December 2006 presidential elections. Promises for extended economic aid and long term program planning on the part of donors and other international actors slowed as the administration of President Marc Ravalomanana drew towards political action. Considering the large number of challengers to the presidency, and the volatility of the opposition, Country Stability remained notably high. The downward trend in the Country Stability index in November 2006 is a reflection primarily of a single event, and its repercussions: the weak effort by General Andrianafidisoa (Fidy) to stage a military challenge to the Ravalomanana regime. • The first half of 2006, like much of Ravalomanana’s presidency, was characterized by high levels of foreign assistance. -
Madagascar 6Mm.Indd
EISA gratefully acknowledges the generous financial support for this project from the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and the EISA ELECTION OBSERVER MISSION REPORT United Kingdom’s Department for International Development (DFID) Mission D’OBseRVation electoRale DE L’eisa EISA reconnaît avec gratitude la généreuse assistance financière de la Direction du Développement et de la Coopération (DDC) et du Département britannique pour le Développement International (DFID) pour ce projet MADAGASCAR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS Elections PREsiDentielles 3 DECEMBER 2006 Order from: [email protected] ISBN 978-1-920095-71-0 9 781920 095710 EISA ELECTION OBSERVER MISSION REPORT No 24 EISA OBSERVER MISSION REPORT i EISA ELECTION OBSERVER MISSION REPORT MADAGASCAR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS 3 DECEMBER 2006 ii EISA OBSERVER MISSION REPORT EISA OBSERVER MISSION REPORT iii EISA ELECTION OBSERVER MISSION REPORT MADAGASCAR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS 3 DECEMBER 2006 2007 iv EISA OBSERVER MISSION REPORT Published by EISA 14 Park Rd, Richmond Johannesburg South Africa P O Box 740 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Tel: 27 11 482 5495 Fax: 27 11 482 6163 Email: [email protected] www.eisa.org.za ISBN: 978-1-920095-71-0 EISA 2007 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of EISA. First published 2007 EISA strives for excellence in the promotion of credible elections, participatory democracy, human rights culture, and the strengthening of governance institutions for the consolidation of democracy in Africa. EISA Election Observer Mission Report, No. -
Legislative and Second Round of Presidential Elections in Madagascar Final Report
ELECTION REPORT ✩ Legislative and Second Round of Presidential Elections in Madagascar Final Report December 2013 The Carter Center strives to relieve suffering by advancing peace and health worldwide; it seeks to prevent and resolve conflicts, enhance freedom and democracy, and protect and promote human rights worldwide. ELECTION REPORT ✩ Legislative and Second Round of Presidential Elections in Madagascar Final Report December 2013 One Copenhill 453 Freedom Parkway Atlanta, GA 30307 (404) 420-5100 www.cartercenter.org Contents Foreword..................................... 4 Candidates, Parties, and Campaigns ......... 28 Executive Summary........................... 6 Campaign Finance ......................... 30 Key Findings and Recommendations ......... 7 Participation of Women, Minorities, and Marginalized Groups ....................... 30 The Carter Center in Madagascar ............. 11 The Media ................................ 31 Deployment of Observers for the Civil Society ............................... 32 Dec. 20 Elections .......................... 11 Election Day ................................. 34 Historical and Political Background........... 14 Opening and Polling ....................... 34 Overview ................................. 14 Voting Process ............................ 34 Single-Party Dominance and a Close Relationship With France (1960–1975) ....... 14 Postelection Developments .................. 38 Single-Party Dominance and the Transfer of Results to District Transmission Red Admiral’s Break With France ........... -
Paradise Lost? Lessons from 25 Years of Environment Programs
Madagascar Environmental Interventions Time Line USAID supported Interventions (projects > ~$1m) USAID funds to Madagascar Environment, Health, food Economic aid, disaster Growth, DG, and famine GNI per Parks and Reduce # interntl Policy oriented Health, Economics, other ** assistance** Mad popn Political situation capita and Significant Policy measures Institutional measures Pressures on Governance Other visitors Interventions Infrastructure projects Total p.capita Total p.capita GDP Growth resources % of total % of total USAID Mad USAID Mad funds funds Malagasy strategy for Conservation PL 480 funded micro‐ 1984 9,524,414 Ratsiraka $340 2% 12,000 and Development adopted projects 1985 9,778,464 Ratsiraka $310 1% International Conference Protected Area Management Project 1st national survey of Mad protected 1986 10,047,896 Ratsiraka $290 2% and Conservation areas Through Development at NEAP discussions begin with World 1987 10,332,258 Ratsiraka $260 1% several PAs Bank 1988 10,631,581 Ratsiraka $240 3% Fonds Forestier National PVO‐NGO 1989 10,945,312 Ratsiraka $220 4% Ranomafana Park created DEBT for NATURE NRMS Madagascar Environmental Charter $16.5m $1.50 $2.1m $0.20 35% Primary school 1990 11,272,999 Ratsiraka $230 3% 40,000 Creation ONE, ANAE, ANGAP and NEAP become official %89 11% completion rate Multi‐donor secretariat created in SAVEM $11.3m $1.00 $7.6m $0.70 1991 11,614,758 $210 ‐6% DC %60 %40 Crisis popn growth rate 2.8%; 10 month Mad signs Framework Convention DEAP put in place; ONE becomes $41.8m $3.50 $6.0m $0.50 contraceptive -
Madagascar's 2009 Political Crisis
Madagascar’s 2009 Political Crisis Lauren Ploch Analyst in African Affairs October 7, 2009 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R40448 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Madagascar’s 2009 Political Crisis Summary Political tensions on the Indian Ocean island of Madagascar between President Marc Ravalomanana and Andry Rajoelina, the former mayor of the capital city, escalated in early 2009, culminating in the President’s forced removal from office. In preceding weeks, over 135 people had been killed in riots and demonstrations. Under intensifying pressure from mutinous soldiers and large crowds of protestors, Ravalomanana handed power to the military on March 17, 2009. The military then transferred authority to Rajoelina, who has declared a transitional government. Rajoelina’s “inauguration” as president of the transitional authority was followed by days of protests by thousands of supporters of Ravalomanana. Several subsequent demonstrations have led to violent clashes with security forces. Negotiations in August between the parties led to the signing of an agreement in Mozambique to establish an inclusive, transitional government, but Rajoelina subsequently appointed a new government seen to be primarily composed of his own supporters. Southern African leaders and Madagascar’s opposition parties rejected the proposed government, and negotiations in Mozambique resumed. On October 6, the parties announced that they had reached agreement on posts in the new government, which will be led by Andry Rajoelina until new elections are held. Ravalomanana reportedly agreed to the arrangement on the condition that Rajoelina would not vie for the presidency in those elections. The agreement must now be implemented, and some observers question whether members of Rajoelina’s former administration will adhere to the new arrangement. -
Madagascar, D'une Crise À L'autre : Ruptures Et Continuités
Mireille Razafindrakoto, François Roubaud et Jean-Michel Wachsberger (dir.) Madagascar, d'une crise l'autre: ruptures et continuité KARTHALA - IRD MADAGASCAR, D'UNE CRISE L'AUTRE: RUPTURES ET CONTINUITÉ KARTHALA sur internet: www.karthala.com (paiement sécurisé) Couverture: Alakamisy Ambohimaha, 2007, © Pierrot Men. Éditions Kartha/a, 2018 ISBN Karthala: 978-2-8111-1988-1 ISBN IRD: 978-2-7099-2640-9 DIRECfEURS SCIENTIFIQUES Mireille Razafindrakoto, François Roubaud etJean-~icheIVVachsberger Madagascar, d'une crise l'autre: ruptures et continuité Édition Karthala IRD 22-24, boulevard Arago 44, bd de Dunkerque 75013 Paris 13572 Marseille À tous ceux qui ont contribué à la formation et au partage des connaissances pour le développement de Madagascar. À Philippe Hugon. INTRODUCfION GÉNÉRALE La trajectoire de Madagascar au prisme de ses crises Mireille RAzAFiNDRAKOTO, François RouBAuD et Jean-Michel WACHSBERGER Deux représentations de Madagascar sont aujourd'hui concurrentes. La première, héritée d'une longue histoire, est celle d'un quasi-eldorado. Dès le xvu" siècle, la description apologétique, par Étienne de Hacourt (1661), des richesses du pays, des savoir-faire des populations et de leur malléabilité avait abondamment nourri l'imaginaire colonial. Plus tard, dans les années 1930, c'est la propagande du gouverneur Cayla qui avait contribué à propager l'idée d'une «Île heureuse» (Fremigacci, 2014). Aujourd'hui, de nombreux récits de voyage et livres de photos présentent le pays comme un Éden à préserver: beauté époustouflante des paysages, gentillesse et douceur des habitants, diversité de la faune et de la flore. La banque de photographie Shutterstock sur Madagascar, où la Banque mondiale a puisé en 2016 les illustrations d'une publication sur la pauvreté (Banque mondiale, 2016), traduit à merveille ce capital imaginaire. -
Transition Éléctorale À Madagascar Et Enjeux Sécuritaires
note n°01/2014 20 janvier 2014 Dr. Juvence F. Ramasy Maître de conférences en science politique à l’université de Toamasina (Madagascar) Dr. Olivier Vallée Docteur en science politique Transion électorale à Madagascar et enjeux sécuritaires Résumé tamment des élections communales compéti- Après l’instauration à Madagascar d’un régime tives en 2003 et 2007, commençait à s’enraci- militaire en mai 1972, l’amiral Ratsiraka ner. Le coup d’État de mars 2009 met alors un amorce une mutation vers une « démo- terme à cette évolution. Le pouvoir qui appar- crature » qui durera jusqu’en 1993, date de la tenait aux hommes et partis politiques domi- première alternance issue du vote. Cependant, nants pendant la période de la présidence de celle-ci n’intervient qu’après des manifesta- Marc Ravalomanana glisse vers les soldiers in tions pacifiques et leur violente répression par mufti . Ce déplacement se réalise alors avec le la garde présidentielle. Par la suite, les élec- concours des élites politiques marginalisées tions de 1996 et 2001 pouvaient laisser croire par le Président ainsi déposé et des élites éco- que Madagascar avait réussi sa transition dé- nomiques victimes du monopole du groupe mocratique, en dépit de nouvelles interfé- économique de ce dernier (Tiko). Malgré l’ins- rences militaires, et se dirigeait vers la consoli- tabilité politico-militaire et la dégradation de dation d’un système politique modernisé. En l’État depuis sa prise du pouvoir en 2009, le effet, ces élections ont alors permis l’accès au président auto-proclamé Andry Rajoelina a pouvoir d’une élite plus libérale et politicienne systématiquement repoussé les élections, ins- que l’élite postcoloniale où la hiérarchie sécu- crivant Madagascar dans la catégorie des pro- ritaire, alliée à la bureaucratie et aux églises tracted transition . -
602243 (1).Pdf (1.105Mb)
T.C. ANKARA ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ SOSYAL BĠLĠMLER ENSTĠTÜSÜ ULUSLARARASI ĠLĠġKĠLER ANABĠLĠM DALI FRANÇAFRIQUE - FRANSA’NIN AFRĠKA’DA SĠYASĠ VE EKONOMĠK ETKĠSĠ: MADAGASKAR ÖRNEĞĠ Yüksek Lisans Tezi Faly Heriniaina Francky Randrianarison Ankara – 2019 1 T.C. ANKARA ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ SOSYAL BĠLĠMLER ENSTĠTÜSÜ ULUSLARARASI ĠLĠġKĠLER ANABĠLĠM DALI FRANÇAFRIQUE - FRANSA’NIN AFRĠKA’DA SĠYASĠ VE EKONOMĠK ETKĠSĠ: MADAGASKAR ÖRNEĞĠ Yüksek Lisans Tezi Faly Heriniaina Francky Randrianarison Tez Danışmanı Prof. Dr. Melek FIRAT Ankara - 2019 2 ĠÇĠNDEKĠLER ĠÇĠNDEKĠLER ................................................................................................................ i KISALTMALAR ........................................................................................................... iv GĠRĠġ ............................................................................................................................... 1 I. BÖLÜM: FRANSA’NIN AFRĠKA POLĠTĠKASI 1. SÖMÜRGESĠZLEġTĠRMEDEN GÜNÜMÜZE FRANSA’NIN ETKĠSĠNĠ SÜRDÜRME POLĠTĠKASI .......................................................................................... 6 1.1. Askeri ve Savunma Alanında ĠĢbirliği AnlaĢmaları ................................. 6 1.2. Parasal ĠĢbirliği AnlaĢmaları .................................................................... 13 1.3. KarĢılıklı Kalkınma Yardımı .................................................................... 17 1.3.1. Bağlı Yardım ............................................................................... 17 1.3.2. BaĢlangıçta Fransız Etkisindeki -
Madagascar's 2009 Political Crisis
Madagascar’s 2009 Political Crisis Lauren Ploch Analyst in African Affairs May 18, 2009 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R40448 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Madagascar’s 2009 Political Crisis Summary Political tensions on the Indian Ocean island of Madagascar between President Marc Ravalomanana and Andry Rajoelina, the former mayor of the capital city, escalated in early 2009, culminating in the President’s forced removal from office. In preceding weeks, over 135 people had been killed in riots and demonstrations. Under intensifying pressure from mutinous soldiers and large crowds of protestors, Ravalomanana handed power to the military on March 17, 2009. The military then transferred authority to Rajoelina, who has declared a transitional government. Days prior to President Ravalomanana’s resignation, the U.S. Ambassador to Madagascar had expressed concern that the country could face civil war; some believe that may still be a possibility. Rajoelina’s “inauguration” as president of the transitional authority was followed by days of protests by thousands of supporters of Ravalomanana. Several more recent demonstrations have led to violent clashes with security forces. The political uncertainty has strained relations between international donors and Madagascar, which was the first country to sign a U.S. Millennium Challenge Account compact, worth an estimated $110 million. Following coups in Mauritania and Guinea in 2008, the African Union, the United States, and the European Union, among others, warned against an unconstitutional transfer of power on the island nation and have threatened sanctions and a suspension of foreign aid. The African Union and the Southern African Development Community have suspended Madagascar until constitutional order is restored. -
Carrie Antal
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2010 Educating for Democratic Citizenship: An Analysis of the Role of Teachers in Implementing Civic Education Policy in Madagascar Carrie Kristin Antal Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION EDUCATING FOR DEMOCRATIC CITIZENSHIP: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN IMPLEMENTING CIVIC EDUCATION POLICY IN MADAGASCAR By CARRIE KRISTIN ANTAL A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2010 The members of the committee approved the dissertation of Carrie Kristin Antal defended on October 27, 2010. ________________________ Peter Easton Professor Directing Dissertation ________________________ Jim Cobbe University Representative ________________________ Sande Milton Committee Member ________________________ Jeff Milligan Committee Member Approved: _________________________________________________________________ Patrice Iatarola, Chair, Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii I dedicate this work to all those seeking security and fulfillment in the face of daily tyranny and poverty. May humanity‟s collective efforts one day prove successful in ensuring equal opportunity for all. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Peter Easton, for his guidance, insight and generous support throughout the course of my graduate studies and particularly in the completion of this project. His experience and wisdom have been an invaluable source of knowledge and inspiration that will shape my perspective for a lifetime to come. -
Madagascar's Political Crisis
Madagascar’s Political Crisis Lauren Ploch Analyst in African Affairs Nicolas Cook Specialist in African Affairs June 18, 2012 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R40448 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Madagascar’s Political Crisis Summary Madagascar, an Indian Ocean island country, ranks among the world’s poorest countries, is the world’s fourth largest island and is extremely biologically diverse, with thousands of unique species of flora and fauna. It has experienced political instability since early 2009, initiated by tensions between the country’s last elected president, Marc Ravalomanana, and an opposition movement led by Andry Rajoelina, then the mayor of the capital city, Antananarivo. Mass protests in early 2009 and eventual military support for the ouster of President Ravalomanana culminated in his forced resignation from office. Rajoelina then seized power and, with other leaders, formed an interim self-declared transitional government, the High Transitional Authority (HAT, after its French acronym). Ravalomanana now lives in exile in South Africa. Periodic protests by Ravalomanana supporters after the takeover led to violent clashes with security forces. Negotiations between the parties led to the signing of an agreement in 2009 in Maputo, Mozambique to establish an inclusive, transitional government, but Rajoelina subsequently appointed a cabinet seen to be primarily composed of his own supporters. Southern African leaders and Madagascar’s opposition parties rejected the proposed government, and negotiations resumed. Two later agreements also failed to result in a unified transitional process. The unconstitutional change of power and resulting political impasse have negatively affected economic growth and development efforts and strained Madagascar’s relations with international donors.