DOCSLIB.ORG

Towards a Transdisciplinary Approach to Rural Electrification Planning for Universal Access in India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Towards a Transdisciplinary Approach to Rural Electrification Planning for Universal Access in India Towards a Transdisciplinary Approach to Rural Electrification Planning for Universal Access in India by Yael Borofsky B.S. Human Development, Cornell University, 2009 Submitted to the Department of Urban Studies and Planning and the Engineering Systems Division in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degrees of Master in City Planning and Master of Science in Technology and Policy at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2015 © 2015 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. All Rights Reserved. Signature of Author ................................................................................................................................................................... Department of Urban Studies and Planning Engineering Systems Division May 15, 2015 Certified by ..................................................................................................................................................................................... Ignacio Pérez-Arriaga Visiting Professor, Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Thesis Supervisor Certified by ..................................................................................................................................................................................... Gabriella Carolini Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Studies and Planning Thesis Supervisor Accepted by ................................................................................................................................................................................... Professor Dennis Frenchman Chair, MCP Committee Department of Urban Studies and Planning Accepted by ................................................................................................................................................................................... Dava Newman Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Engineering Systems Director, Technology and Policy Program — 2 — Towards a Transdisciplinary Approach to Rural Electrification Planning for Universal Access in India by Yael Borofsky Submitted to the Department of Urban Studies and Planning and to the Engineering Systems Division on May 15, 2015 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degrees of Master in City Planning and Master of Science in Technology and Policy ABSTRACT Around 30% of India’s roughly 1.2 billion people lack access to electricity, largely in rural areas. National and state rural electrification efforts are predominantly focused on grid extension, but interest in off-grid systems, like solar home systems and microgrids, for rural areas has been growing. Little policy or regulation dictates off-grid electrification and detailed data about customers’ needs are hard to access, making it difficult for planners to determine the best electrification mode for a given area. New planning approaches are needed in the face of these challenges. Technoeconomic planning methods typically dominate rural electrification planning, yet many obstacles face rural electrification planners that are not technoeconomic. This thesis posits that combining the best aspects of technocratic and communicative planning into a transdisciplinary planning methodology will allow planners in India to incorporate technoeconomic, socioeconomic, sociotechnical, social, political, and regulatory factors that influence rural electrification into a single comprehensive approach to regional rural electrification planning in India. I propose and demonstrate three elements of this overarching methodology. First, I attempt to elicit planners’ perspectives on rural electrification planning priorities in India through semi-structured interviews (n = 6) and a pilot survey (n = 10). Second, I discuss the importance of understanding consumer electricity needs and demonstrate how electricity demand is both a technoeconomic and non-technoeconomic factor that influences rural electrification. Third, I show how a technoeconomic electrification planning model, called the Reference Electrification Model (REM), can illuminate the consequences of different assumptions about electricity demand on technology decisions for Vaishali District in the state of Bihar. This research emphasizes the variety of perspectives and dynamics that influence rural electrification planning and reflects on the challenges of developing a truly transdisciplinary rural electrification planning methodology for India. Thesis Co-supervisor: Ignacio Pérez-Arriaga Title: Visiting Professor, Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Thesis Co-supervisor: Gabriella Carolini Title: Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Studies and Planning — 3 — < — 4 — ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During my first week at MIT, my academic advisor, Steve Hammer, gave me some advice about how to prioritize my time at a school that institutionally describes itself as a fire hose. He said (roughly), do the things here that you cannot do anywhere else; study things here that you cannot learn anywhere else. I’m happy and grateful to say that I not only used his advice, but it worked. So, I want to thank the people who helped me live this wisdom. I came to MIT wanting to study electricity access and I am forever indebted to Professor Ignacio Pérez- Arriaga for taking a chance on a non-engineer. I know that supervising a DUSPer has not been straightforward, but your patience, persistence, and creativity have helped me to do my best to make a contribution to this problem and your research team. I could not have gained as much from my time here, and from the process of writing this thesis, without your guidance and commitment to this topic. To Professor Gabriella Carolini, thank you for taking on an unconventional thesis advisee. I am so grateful for your insightful feedback, personal honesty, and insistence that I constantly challenge my assumptions. Your influence has not only shaped my thesis, but helped me think more clearly about my future, as well. Dr. Rob Stoner, your immense knowledge of energy and development, encouragement of my many ideas, and unwavering support of this research have enabled me to realize many of my goals for my time at MIT. Thank you for continually looking out for me. I also want to thank Dr. Steve Hammer, Professor Judy Layzer, and Professor Larry Susskind, who all went beyond the call of duty to share their wisdom and experience in various ways that have enriched my theory of practice in work and in life. My friend Zak wrote that it takes a village to write a thesis (yes, Zak, I read your thesis) and in my case, it really did. Several, in fact. A heartfelt thank you to all of the people in Bihar, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Delhi who opened their homes and offices to us, answered our occasionally obtuse questions with patience and good humor, and shared their diverse perspectives on rural electrification. An extra thank you to the interviewees and survey respondents who contributed their thoughts to this thesis, to Professor Johannes Urpelainen as well as the teams at SELCO, Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited, the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission, and the Bihar Energy Department/State Power Holding Company for your partnership, to the Tata Consultancy Services for help with map digitization, and to the Tata Trusts, for generously funding this research. — 5 — And, of course, to the metaphorical village — the intrepid Universal Access research team. Doug, I have learned a lot from your inquisitive attitude. Thank you for being a first-rate research partner, a stellar co-presenter, and an encyclopedia of international travel safety tips. Claudio, this work would not be nearly as interesting or fun without your boundless curiosity, wild ideas, and mild tendency to disappear in airports. To the rest of the crew: Lily, Reja, Andres, Patricia, and Vivian, it has been wonderful working, traveling, and laughing with you all. Before I arrived at MIT, my dad told me he had not understood any of my career decisions to that point, but if they led me to MIT I must have done something right. My parents still are not sure what I do, exactly, but they support me, anyway. Thanks to both of you for fielding innumerable phone calls, usually while I walk-jogged across campus, being a source of both fancy restaurant food and frozen home-cooked food, and for being my best friends. You guys must also be doing something right! Also, a special thank you to my mom, Dita, who is always willing to drop everything to help me with a graphic design problem, including the layout of this thesis. And to my little sister, Talia, for always being up for a good debate about tax policy, urban agriculture, and every social justice issue under the sun. Your passion and persistence are inspiring. A big thank you to my friends, especially Tara, Toral, and Emily, for two years of outdoor adventures in the Northeast and indoor “adventures” in CRON/Building 9. Finally, Jonas, thank you for helping me with Excel, making me laugh, keeping me company through this lonely process, and for diligently correcting my grammar. We have helped each other through two theses — we probably deserve a fifth degree for that — or vacation, at least. I am looking forward to spending time with you all and talking about something other than my thesis. I’m sure you’re excited, too! — 6 — CONTENTS GLOSSARY 9 LIST OF FIGURES 10 LIST OF TABLES 11 1. INTRODUCTION 12 1.1 ELECTRIFICATION IN INDIA 12 1.2 INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT 22 1.3 MOTIVATION 23 1.4 PREVIEW 24 2. LITERATURE 25 2.1 TYPES OF
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chapter 2 Language Use in Nepal
    CHAPTER 2 LANGUAGE USE IN NEPAL Yogendra P. Yadava* Abstract This chapter aims to analyse the use of languages as mother tongues and second lan- guages in Nepal on the basis of data from the 2011 census, using tables, maps, and figures and providing explanations for certain facts following sociolinguistic insights. The findings of this chapter are presented in five sections. Section 1 shows the impor- tance of language enumeration in censuses and also Nepal’s linguistic diversity due to historical and typological reasons. Section 2 shows that the number of mother tongues have increased considerably from 92 (Census 2001) to 123 in the census of 2011 due to democratic movements and ensuing linguistic awareness among Nepalese people since 1990. These mother tongues (except Kusunda) belong to four language families: Indo- European, Sino-Tibetan, Austro-Asiatic and Dravidian, while Kusunda is a language isolate. They have been categorised into two main groups: major and minor. The major group consists of 19 mother tongues spoken by almost 96 % of the total population, while the minor group is made up of the remaining 104 plus languages spoken by about 4% of Nepal’s total population. Nepali, highly concentrated in the Hills, but unevenly distributed in other parts of the country, accounts for the largest number of speakers (44.64%). Several cross-border, foreign and recently migrated languages have also been reported in Nepal. Section 3 briefly deals with the factors (such as sex, rural/ urban areas, ethnicity, age, literacy etc.) that interact with language. Section 4 shows that according to the census of 2011, the majority of Nepal’s population (59%) speak only one language while the remaining 41% speak at least a second language.
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Survey of India Bihar
    LINGUISTIC SURVEY OF INDIA BIHAR 2020 LANGUAGE DIVISION OFFICE OF THE REGISTRAR GENERAL, INDIA i CONTENTS Pages Foreword iii-iv Preface v-vii Acknowledgements viii List of Abbreviations ix-xi List of Phonetic Symbols xii-xiii List of Maps xiv Introduction R. Nakkeerar 1-61 Languages Hindi S.P. Ahirwal 62-143 Maithili S. Boopathy & 144-222 Sibasis Mukherjee Urdu S.S. Bhattacharya 223-292 Mother Tongues Bhojpuri J. Rajathi & 293-407 P. Perumalsamy Kurmali Thar Tapati Ghosh 408-476 Magadhi/ Magahi Balaram Prasad & 477-575 Sibasis Mukherjee Surjapuri S.P. Srivastava & 576-649 P. Perumalsamy Comparative Lexicon of 3 Languages & 650-674 4 Mother Tongues ii FOREWORD Since Linguistic Survey of India was published in 1930, a lot of changes have taken place with respect to the language situation in India. Though individual language wise surveys have been done in large number, however state wise survey of languages of India has not taken place. The main reason is that such a survey project requires large manpower and financial support. Linguistic Survey of India opens up new avenues for language studies and adds successfully to the linguistic profile of the state. In view of its relevance in academic life, the Office of the Registrar General, India, Language Division, has taken up the Linguistic Survey of India as an ongoing project of Government of India. It gives me immense pleasure in presenting LSI- Bihar volume. The present volume devoted to the state of Bihar has the description of three languages namely Hindi, Maithili, Urdu along with four Mother Tongues namely Bhojpuri, Kurmali Thar, Magadhi/ Magahi, Surjapuri.
    [Show full text]
  • Manual of Instructions for Editing, Coding and Record Management of Individual Slips
    For offiCial use only CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS FOR EDITING, CODING AND RECORD MANAGEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL SLIPS PART-I MASTER COPY-I OFFICE OF THE REGISTRAR GENERAL&. CENSUS COMMISSIONER. INOI.A MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS NEW DELHI CONTENTS Pages GENERAlINSTRUCnONS 1-2 1. Abbreviations used for urban units 3 2. Record Management instructions for Individual Slips 4-5 3. Need for location code for computer processing scheme 6-12 4. Manual edit of Individual Slip 13-20 5. Code structure of Individual Slip 21-34 Appendix-A Code list of States/Union Territories 8a Districts 35-41 Appendix-I-Alphabetical list of languages 43-64 Appendix-II-Code list of religions 66-70 Appendix-Ill-Code list of Schedules Castes/Scheduled Tribes 71 Appendix-IV-Code list of foreign countries 73-75 Appendix-V-Proforma for list of unclassified languages 77 Appendix-VI-Proforma for list of unclassified religions 78 Appendix-VII-Educational levels and their tentative equivalents. 79-94 Appendix-VIII-Proforma for Central Record Register 95 Appendix-IX-Profor.ma for Inventory 96 Appendix-X-Specimen of Individual SHp 97-98 Appendix-XI-Statement showing number of Diatricts/Tehsils/Towns/Cities/ 99 U.AB.lC.D. Blocks in each State/U.T. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS This manual contains instructions for editing, coding and record management of Individual Slips upto the stage of entry of these documents In the Direct Data Entry System. For the sake of convenient handling of this manual, it has been divided into two parts. Part·1 contains Management Instructions for handling records, brief description of thf' process adopted for assigning location code, the code structure which explains the details of codes which are to be assigned for various entries in the Individual Slip and the edit instructions.
    [Show full text]
  • Nepal Living Standards Survey 2010/11
    NEPAL LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY 2010/11 STATISTICAL REPORT VOLUME TWO CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS National Planning Commission Secretariat Government of Nepal November 2011 NEPAL LIVING STANDARDS SURVEY 2010/11 STATISTICAL REPORT VOLUME TWO CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS National Planning Commission Secretariat Government of Nepal November 2011 i Published by Central Bureau of Statistics Thapathali, Kathmandu Nepal Phone: 4229406, 4261506, 4245946-48 Fax: 977-1-4227720 E-mail: [email protected] Web site : www.cbs.gov.np First Edition: November 2011 1,500 copies Printed in Nepal ii iii iv PREFACE It is my pleasure to present the main results of the third Nepal Living Standards Survey (NLSS III). NLSS III is a nation-wide household survey conducted year round through February 2010 to February 2011 which consists of multiple topics related to household welfare. The last Living Standards Survey (NLSS II) was conducted in 2003/04 which updated the poverty profile of the country prepared originally on the basis of the information provided by the first Living Standards Survey (NLSS I) conducted in 1995/96. The present survey has been conducted at a time when political and economic changes are taking place in the country. The survey results are presented in two statistical volumes covering twenty sections of the household questionnaire. The re-introduction of the anthropometric section in the household questionnaire in NLSS III and its successful implementation has provided us new opportunities of multidimensional analysis of the survey data. In fact, the successful completion of the survey has elevated the survey capacity of the CBS in designing, operation, data management and analysis as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Nepal-April-2021.Pdf
    TABLE OF CONTENTS AIM Nepal Human rights violations against minorities in Nepal Human rights events of April 2021 Concluding remarks GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENCE – April 2021 Monthly report – Nepal Delyana Petkova- Research Intern ( Team Asia) Aim Global Human Rights Defence (GHRD) gathers information from various (local and international) human rights organisations and media sources to monitor the human rights of minorities in Nepal, including the Dalit community, disabled population, and women. This report includes the ongoing research and media monitoring undertaken by various sources who have reported cases such as human rights violations against religious minorities, women, disabled people, and various castes. In this report, there will be an overview of the current situation in Nepal and highlights on the most significant violations committed against minorities in April 2021. Nepal Country Profile ● Full name: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ● Government: Federal democratic republic with a multi-party system ● Population: 29 million (29,136,808) ● Capital: Kathmandu ● Largest city: Kathmandu ● Area: 147,181 km2 ● Major languages: Nepali (44.64%), Maithili (11.67%), Bhojpuri (5.98%), Tharu (5.77%), Tamang (5.11%), Newari (3.20%), Bajjika (2.99%), Magar (2.97%), Doteli (2.97%), Urdu (2.61%) (Statistics, 2012) ● Major religions: Hinduism (81.34%), Buddhism (9.04%), Islam (4.39%), Kirat (3.04%), Christianity (1.41%) (Statistics, 2012) ● Major ethnicities: Chhetri (16.6%), Brahman-Hill (12.2%), Magar (7.1%), Tharu (6.6%), Tamang (5.8%), Newar (5%), Kami (4.8%), Musalman (4.4%), Yadav (4%), Rai (2.3%) (Statistics, 2012) ● Life expectancy at birth: 72 years for females and 69 years for males (Statistics, 2012) Human rights issues in Nepal and the current situation Nepalese minorities face discrimination based on several factors, including religion, caste, and gender.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Profile USAID Data Services
    Country Profile USAID Data Services NEPAL MAY 2021 Subregion: South Asia Income Group: Lower Middle Income Country (World Bank Classification) IDEA Country Dashboard: https://idea.usaid.gov/cd/nepal People Population (millions)1 29.7 (2021) 35.3 (2050) Urban2 21.0% (2021) 37.4% (2050) Rural13 79.0% (2021) 62.6% (2050) Age 0-1412 28.1% (2021) 16.0% (2050) Age 15-6412 66.0% (2021) 71.1% (2050) Age 65+12 5.9% (2021) 12.8% (2050) Population growth (annual)1 1.8% (2021) -0.0% (2050) Human Development Index4 Ranked 142/189 (Medium human development) Languages3 Nepali (official) 44.6%, Maithali 11.7%, Bhojpuri 6%, Tharu 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.2%, Bajjika 3%, Magar 3%, Doteli 3%, Urdu 2.6%, Avadhi 1.9%, Limbu 1.3%, Gurung 1.2%, Baitadeli 1%, other 6.4%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.) Religions3 Hindu 81.3%, Buddhist 9%, Muslim 4.4%, Kirant 3.1%, Christian 1.4%, other 0.5%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.) Ethnic Composition3 Chhettri 16.6%, Brahman-Hill 12.2%, Magar 7.1%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.8%, Newar 5%, Kami 4.8%, Muslim 4.4%, Yadav 4%, Rai 2.3%, Gurung 2%, Damai/Dholii 1.8%, Thakuri 1.6%, Limbu 1.5%, Sarki 1.4%, Teli 1.4%, Chamar/Harijan/Ram 1.3%, Koiri/Kushwaha 1.2%, other 19% (2011 est.) Government Capital3 Kathmandu Government Type3 federal parliamentary republic Head of State3 President Bidhya Devi BHANDARI (since October 2015) Head of Government3 Prime Minister Khadga Prasad (KP) Sharma OLI (since 15 February 2018) Legislature3 bicameral Federal Parliament consists of: National Assembly and House of Representatives Females in parliament (%)5 32.7% (2020) Corruption Perception Index6 Ranked 117/198 (2020) Land area (sq km)5 143,350 (The size of Illinois) Official Development Assistance From all donors (US$, net)5 1,360,739,990 (2019) as % of income5 4.4% (2019) per capita (US$)5 47.6 (2019) From U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • LCSH Section I
    I(f) inhibitors I-215 (Salt Lake City, Utah) Interessengemeinschaft Farbenindustrie USE If inhibitors USE Interstate 215 (Salt Lake City, Utah) Aktiengesellschaft Trial, Nuremberg, I & M Canal National Heritage Corridor (Ill.) I-225 (Colo.) Germany, 1947-1948 USE Illinois and Michigan Canal National Heritage USE Interstate 225 (Colo.) Subsequent proceedings, Nuremberg War Corridor (Ill.) I-244 (Tulsa, Okla.) Crime Trials, case no. 6 I & M Canal State Trail (Ill.) USE Interstate 244 (Tulsa, Okla.) BT Nuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, USE Illinois and Michigan Canal State Trail (Ill.) I-255 (Ill. and Mo.) Germany, 1946-1949 I-5 USE Interstate 255 (Ill. and Mo.) I-H-3 (Hawaii) USE Interstate 5 I-270 (Ill. and Mo. : Proposed) USE Interstate H-3 (Hawaii) I-8 (Ariz. and Calif.) USE Interstate 255 (Ill. and Mo.) I-hadja (African people) USE Interstate 8 (Ariz. and Calif.) I-270 (Md.) USE Kasanga (African people) I-10 USE Interstate 270 (Md.) I Ho Yüan (Beijing, China) USE Interstate 10 I-278 (N.J. and N.Y.) USE Yihe Yuan (Beijing, China) I-15 USE Interstate 278 (N.J. and N.Y.) I Ho Yüan (Peking, China) USE Interstate 15 I-291 (Conn.) USE Yihe Yuan (Beijing, China) I-15 (Fighter plane) USE Interstate 291 (Conn.) I-hsing ware USE Polikarpov I-15 (Fighter plane) I-394 (Minn.) USE Yixing ware I-16 (Fighter plane) USE Interstate 394 (Minn.) I-K'a-wan Hsi (Taiwan) USE Polikarpov I-16 (Fighter plane) I-395 (Baltimore, Md.) USE Qijiawan River (Taiwan) I-17 USE Interstate 395 (Baltimore, Md.) I-Kiribati (May Subd Geog) USE Interstate 17 I-405 (Wash.) UF Gilbertese I-19 (Ariz.) USE Interstate 405 (Wash.) BT Ethnology—Kiribati USE Interstate 19 (Ariz.) I-470 (Ohio and W.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Distinctiveness*
    RAI – data on language distinctiveness RAI data Language distinctiveness* Country profiles *This document provides data production information for the RAI-Rokkan dataset. Last edited on October 7, 2020 Compiled by Gary Marks with research assistance by Noah Dasanaike Citation: Liesbet Hooghe and Gary Marks (2016). Community, Scale and Regional Governance: A Postfunctionalist Theory of Governance, Vol. II. Oxford: OUP. Sarah Shair-Rosenfield, Arjan H. Schakel, Sara Niedzwiecki, Gary Marks, Liesbet Hooghe, Sandra Chapman-Osterkatz (2021). “Language difference and Regional Authority.” Regional and Federal Studies, Vol. 31. DOI: 10.1080/13597566.2020.1831476 Introduction ....................................................................................................................6 Albania ............................................................................................................................7 Argentina ...................................................................................................................... 10 Australia ....................................................................................................................... 12 Austria .......................................................................................................................... 14 Bahamas ....................................................................................................................... 16 Bangladesh ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PART I: NAME SEQUENCE Name Sequence
    Name Sequence PART I: NAME SEQUENCE A-ch‘ang Abor USE Achang Assigned collective code [sit] Aba (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) USE Chiriguano UF Adi Abaknon Miri Assigned collective code [phi] Miśing (Philippine (Other)) Aborlan Tagbanwa UF Capul USE Tagbanua Inabaknon Abua Kapul Assigned collective code [nic] Sama Abaknon (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) Abau Abujhmaria Assigned collective code [paa] Assigned collective code [dra] (Papuan (Other)) (Dravidian (Other)) UF Green River Abulas Abaw Assigned collective code [paa] USE Abo (Cameroon) (Papuan (Other)) Abazin UF Ambulas Assigned collective code [cau] Maprik (Caucasian (Other)) Acadian (Louisiana) Abenaki USE Cajun French Assigned collective code [alg] Acateco (Algonquian (Other)) USE Akatek UF Abnaki Achangua Abia Assigned collective code [sai] USE Aneme Wake (South American (Other)) Abidji Achang Assigned collective code [nic] Assigned collective code [sit] (Niger-Kordofanian (Other)) (Sino-Tibetan (Other)) UF Adidji UF A-ch‘ang Ari (Côte d'Ivoire) Atsang Abigar Ache USE Nuer USE Guayaki Abkhaz [abk] Achi Abnaki Assigned collective code [myn] USE Abenaki (Mayan languages) Abo (Cameroon) UF Cubulco Achi Assigned collective code [bnt] Rabinal Achi (Bantu (Other)) Achinese [ace] UF Abaw UF Atjeh Bo Cameroon Acholi Bon (Cameroon) USE Acoli Abo (Sudan) Achuale USE Toposa USE Achuar MARC Code List for Languages October 2007 page 11 Name Sequence Achuar Afar [aar] Assigned collective code [sai] UF Adaiel (South American Indian Danakil (Other)) Afenmai UF Achuale USE Etsako Achuara Jivaro Afghan
    [Show full text]
  • A Phonological Study of Tilung: an Endangered
    Nepalese Linguistics Volume 27 November 2012 Chief Editor Dr. Dan Raj Regmi Editors Dr. Balaram Prasain Mr. Ramesh Khatri Office Bearers for 2012-2014 President Krishna Prasad Parajuli Vice-President Bhim Lal Gautam General Secretary Kamal Poudel Secretary (Office) Bhim Narayan Regmi Secretary (General) Kedar Bilash Nagila Treasurer Krishna Prasad Chalise Member Dev Narayan Yadav Member Netra Mani Dumi Rai Member Karnakhar Khatiwada Member Ambika Regmi Member Suren Sapkota Editorial Board Chief Editor Dr. Dan Raj Regmi Editors Dr. Balaram Prasain Ramesh Khatri Nepalese Linguistics is a journal published by Linguistic Society of Nepal. It publishes articles related to the scientific study of languages, especially from Nepal. The views expressed therein are not necessary shared by the committee on publications. Published by: Linguistic Society of Nepal Kirtipur, Kathmandu Nepal Copies: 500 © Linguistic Society of Nepal ISSN -0259-1006 Price: NC 400/- (Nepali) IC 350/-(India) USD 10 Life membership fees include subscription for the journal. SPECIAL THANKS to Nepal Academy Kamaladi, Kathmandu, Nepal Nepal Academy (Nepal Pragya Pratisthan) was founded in June 22, 1957 by the then His Late Majesty King Mahendra as Nepal Sahitya Kala Academy. It was later renamed Nepal Rajkiya Pragya Pratisthan and now it is named as Nepal Pragya Prastisthan. This prestigious national academic institution is committed to enhancing the language, cult ure, philosophy and social sciences in Nepal. The major objectives of Nepal Academy include (a) to focus on the
    [Show full text]
  • South Asian Languages Analysis SALA- 35 October 29-31, 2019
    South Asian Languages Analysis SALA- 35 October 29-31, 2019 Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales 65, rue des Grands Moulins, Paris 13 Organizer: Ghanshyam Sharma Sceintific Committee: Anne Abeillé (University of Paris 7, France) Rajesh Bhatt (University of Massachussetts, USA) Tanmoy Bhattacharya (University of Delhi, India) Miriam Butt (University of Konstanz, Germany) Veneeta Dayal (Yale University, USA) Hans Henrich Hock (University of Illinois, USA) Peter Edwin Hook (University of Virginia, USA) Emily Manetta (University of Vermont, USA) Annie Montaut (INALCO, Paris, France) John Peterson (University of Kiel, Germany) Pollet Samvelian (University of Paris 3, France) Anju Saxena (University of Uppsala, Sweden) Ghanshyam Sharma (INALCO, Paris, France) Collaborators: François Auffret Francesca Bombelli Petra Kovarikova Vidisha Prakash 2 Table of Contents INVITED TALKS .................................................................................................................................... 13 [1] Implications of Feature Realization in Hindi‐Urdu: the case of Copular Sentences ― Rajesh Bha, University of Massachusetts, Amherst (joint work with Sakshi Bhatia, IIT Delhi) ............................ 13 [2] Word Order Effects and Parcles in Urdu Quesons ― Miriam Bu, Konstanz University, Germany 13 [3] The Multiple Faces of Hindi‐Urdu bhii ― Veneeta Dayal, Yale University, USA ............................... 13 [4] Kashmiri and the verb‐stranding verb‐phrase ellipsis debate ― Emily Manea, University of Vermont,
    [Show full text]
  • Clampdowns and Courage Ifj South Asia Press Freedom Report 2017-2018
    CLAMPDOWNS AND COURAGE IFJ SOUTH ASIA PRESS FREEDOM REPORT 2017-2018 SIXTEENTH ANNUAL SOUTH ASIA PRESS FREEDOM REPORT (2017-2018) 2 IFJ PRESS FREEDOM REPORT 2017–2018 3 CONTENTS This document has been produced Cover Photo: Students and activists by the International Federation of holding ‘I am Gauri’ placards take part 1. FOREWORD 4 Journalists (IFJ) on behalf of the in a rally held in memory of journalist South Asia Media Solidarity Network Gauri Lankesh in Bangalore, India, (SAMSN). on September 12, 2017. The murder 2. OVERVIEW 6 Afghan Independent Journalists’ of Gauri Lankesh, a newspaper editor Association and outspoken critic of the ruling Hindu nationalist party sparked an Bangladesh Manobadhikar Sangbadik SPECIAL SECTIONS outpouring of anger and demands Forum for a thorough investigation. CREDIT: Federation of Nepali Journalists MANJUNATH KIRAN / AFP 3. IMPUNITY 10 Free Media Movement, Sri Lanka Indian Journalists’ Union This spread: Indian journalists take 4. RURAL JOURNALISTS 18 Journalists Association of Bhutan part in a protest on May 23, 2017 Media Development Forum Maldives after media personnel were injured 5. GENDER - #METOO AND 26 National Union of Journalists, India covering clashes in Kolkata between National Union of Journalists, Nepal police and demonstrators who were calling for pricing reforms in the THE MEDIA Nepal Press Union agriculture sector. CREDIT: DIBYANGSHU Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists SARKAR/AFP 6. INTERNET SHUTDOWNS 32 Sri Lanka Working Journalists’ Association South Asia Media Solidarity Network This document has been produced COUNTRY CHAPTERS (SAMSN) – Defending rights of with support from the United journalists and freedom of expression Nations Educational, Scientific and 7.
    [Show full text]