February 2018 ciht.org.uk transportation professional

Former colleagues reflect on Orbital interchange scheme bridge building bus patronage warm mix asphalt managing traffic Is Boris Johnson’s New study to Sustainability set Belgian city cuts Channel crossing explore reasons to be promoted out the cars plan a good idea? for declining use with specification from central area p4 p7 p20 p24

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CIHT Annual Conference 2018 Highways: Change, innovation and the future Thursday 8 March Park Plaza Victoria London SW1V 1EQ

A DYNAMIC INTERACTIVE CONFERENCE

The conference will explore how the Highways sector is changing and how innovation will drive continuous change Live presentations Interviews with infl uential industry leaders Informative break-out sessions Build your knowledge and skills, network with peers and contribute to your CPD

Leading speakers and panel members addressing the conference include: ■ Roy Brannen, chief executive, Transport Scotland, who is the subject of the conference’s main interview and will off er a global perspective of the sector

■ Elliot Shaw, executive director of strategy and planning, Highways , who will explain its approach to the next investment period on the strategic road network

■ Dave Wright, executive director for highways at Kier will share his experience from the company’s perspective as a leading Gold Corporate Partner

■ Dana Skelley OBE, director of strategy and operational excellence at Skanska Civil Engineering will draw on her experience looking at future challenges for the industry

If you would like to know more about sponsorship opportunities contact e: [email protected] Book your place online: w: www.ciht.org.uk/annualconf Booking Enquiries: e: [email protected]

CIHT Conference advert - colour 2018_CS4 proof.idml 1 31/01/2018 15:59 contents @CIHTUK #CIHTconf transportation CIHT Annual Conference 2018 professional

Highways: Change, Transportation Professional, BBA, 7 Linden Close, Tunbridge Wells, TN4 8HH T: 01892 524468 7 Editor: Mike Walter 01892 553148 innovation and the future [email protected] News Editor: Steve Dale 01892 553146 Thursday 8 March Park Plaza Victoria London SW1V 1EQ [email protected] Consultant Editor: Nick Barrett 01892 524468 [email protected] Production: Alastair Lloyd 01892 553145 A DYNAMIC INTERACTIVE CONFERENCE [email protected] Andrew Pilcher 01892 553147 [email protected] Commercial Director: The conference will explore how the Highways sector is changing and Fawad Minhas 01892 553149 [email protected] 4 news & analysis: Channel bridge proposal falls short; Metropolitan how innovation will drive continuous change Line extension shelved; Ely viaduct to span the Great Ouse; Bus Sales Executive: Kirsty Barrett 01892 524468 study to find reasons for falling use [email protected] Live presentations 8 debate: National road pricing to reduce congestion Interviews with infl uential industry leaders working life: Catherine Hallett of 9 tales from the past: The Highway Engineer Informative break-out sessions just one more thing: ’s collapse Proprietor: The Chartered Institution of Highways & Transportation, 119 Britannia 10 letters: Green waves were a good thing in Germany; Thoughts on Build your knowledge and skills, network with peers and contribute to your CPD Walk, London N1 7JE T: 0207 336 1555 11 [email protected], ciht.org.uk, @CIHTUK reopening branch lines; Autonomous car vision requires local road investment TP Editorial Panel: Nick Boyle, John Amos, Peter Dickinson, Jo Field, Billy McCoubrey, 11 transport sketch: Staying cycle safe by being assertive Barrett Byrd BarrettChris Menzies, Byrd John Paterson, Leading speakers and panel members addressing the conference include: Associates JoannaAssociates Sammons, Paul Unwin 12 take me back: Cover story – Motorway team reunites to share memories from site ■ Roy Brannen, chief executive, Transport Scotland, who is the subject of the 16 take me back: Creation of Road Units 50 years ago conference’s main interview and will off er a global perspective of the sector Barrett Byrd Barrett Byrd Associates Associates 20 materials & surfacing: Warm mix message hits home ■ Elliot Shaw, executive director of strategy and planning, Highways England, who will Publisher: Barrett, Byrd Associates, 7 Linden Close, Tunbridge Wells, Kent TN4 8HH 24 managing traffic: No way through for motorists in the Belgian explain its approach to the next investment period on the strategic road network T: 01892 524455, barrett-byrd.com city of Ghent

■ The views expressed in Transportation 28 28 technical paper: Length of trips made and the decrease in walking Dave Wright, executive director for highways at Kier will share his experience from the Professional are not necessarily those of the Chartered Institution of Highways & 30 ciht news: Members excel at professional review; Event makes the company’s perspective as a leading Gold Corporate Partner Transportation or Barrett, Byrd Associates. case for transport; Welsh schemes celebrated at ceremony; Young ■ Printer: CPG, 9-10 Orchard Business Centre, Dana Skelley OBE, director of strategy and operational excellence at Skanska Civil Sanderson Way, Tonbridge, Kent TN9 1QG professionals network sets objectives Engineering will draw on her experience looking at future challenges for the industry transportation professional 33 events: National, CIHT Region and International events – Journal of the CIHT 34 ciht election list 2018 Subscription rates: (January to December only, 10 issues) 35 recruitment UK – £90 per year International – £95 per year directory

Circulation July 2016 - June 2017: 9482 ISSN: 1478-4467 30 © The Chartered Institution of Highways & Transportation 2018. Incorporated by If you would like to know more about sponsorship opportunities contact Royal Charter. CIHT is a charity registered This issue’s cover: Seven construction professionals stand on a in England (1136896), Scotland (SC040873) bridge over the M25, close to where – 35 years ago – they helped e: [email protected] and the Republic of Ireland (20103989). to build the with the M4 (see page 12). Transportation Professional is available From left: Peter Jefferies, Richard Deacon, Mick Rance, Hugh Book your place online: w: www.ciht.org.uk/annualconf online in the ‘My CIHT’ section of­ Woods, Ian Clarke, Jim Moore and Diane Novis ciht.org.uk/transportationprofessional COVER IMAGE: SCOTT RAMSEY PHOTOGRAPHY Booking Enquiries: e: [email protected] February 2018 3

CIHT Conference advert - colour 2018_CS4 proof.idml 1 31/01/2018 15:59 news & analysis Channel bridge proposal falls short

Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson’s suggestion  Could England of a cross Channel bridge linking England and France be linked by a bridge with France is technically feasible, transport similar to the infrastructure commentators have said, Oresund crossing and could help grow the UK economy. But is between Sweden and Denmark? another fixed link needed, would it be worth MAX TOPCHII – the £50Bn plus price and should it be a bridge? SHUTTERSTOCK Economics professor Roger Vickerman from the University of Kent warned it is unlikely that the private sector “would be as willing as in the heady days of global liquidity in the 1980s to consider bankrolling the project, without significant public sector guarantees”. Professor Vickerman – who studied the economic impact of the Channel Tunnel and Accountancy firm KPMG’s transport infrastructure projects is directed to those currently serves as an economics advisor director Jon Turton said that while a bridge with wide support and an outline business to High Speed 2 – added that there remains across the Channel is certainly possible, it case that stands up to robust scrutiny.” significant capacity on both of the Channel must not take precedence over other less Structures specialist Alan Simpson Tunnel’s rail and road vehicle shuttle grand schemes. speculated that a suspension bridge would services to meet expected demand for the “The UK spends significantly less on be the preferred form of crossing, with two foreseeable future. transport infrastructure relative to other G7 islands built out in the Channel either side of Transport consultant Peter Brett Associates’ nations and there are a million other projects the shipping lane, from which traffic would be chairman Keith Mitchell FCIHT said three that must take priority to fix our internal diverted into a tunnel. main issues would need to be addressed networks and support our economy,” he said. “In theory you could have a bridge that before taking the plan forward. “A bridge to France may be delightful one passes over the top of the shipping lane,” he He asked what a bridge would aim to day, but before then I would like to be able to said. “But there is a risk of it being hit by ships, achieve for the UK when get across the Pennines on a train with room especially when visibility is poor.” spending priorities are to sit down and work in a sensible, reliable Institution of Structural Engineers’ past focussed elsewhere and time and for a fair price – none of which I can president Ian Firth agreed that one of the what function would do today.” biggest challenges to bridging the Channel is the bridge perform in Civil Engineering Contractors’ Association the risk of collision from ships. “But modern the context of major chief executive Alasdair Reisner commented technologies are making this easier to prevent technological and that all great projects start as an idea that all the time,” he explained.  Professor behavioural change? And might, at first glance, appear unrealistic. “As “There are many long sea crossings around Roger Vickerman what are the knock on such there is nothing wrong with putting the world, so I don’t consider this (idea) to be implications for the South East’s transport forward even the most radical ideas for views particularly more difficult than those.” connections to the rest of the UK and Europe? from the public and wider industry,” he said. Channel Tunnel operator Eurotunnel “There are so many questions,” he added. “However, we would hope that at a time welcomed the discussion about a bridge “But there is little evidence of strategic of tight constraints on public spending and said it already has the option of being thinking.” any development funding for future involved in construction of a second fixed

Celtic crossing suggested by architect be necessary east towards Glasgow to support such a Aside from a bridge across to France, why not a scheme, he added. fixed link between Scotland and Northern Ireland, “A crossing between • Glasgow suggests Stirling based architect Alan Dunlop. He Scotland and Northern Mull of Kintyre says a crossing could feasibly be built between Ireland would be nowhere Stranraer and Bangor, combining a bridge with a near as environmentally Antrim coast tunnel, at a cost of around £20Bn.  Professor challenging as between • Stranraer Alan Dunlop But a 300m deep sea trench known as England and France and there Bangor • Beaufort’s Dyke containing munitions dumped would be less shipping to contend with,” he said. after the War would present a major obstacle to “We have really capable engineers and overcome. architects in the UK, so building a bridge to A second, shorter crossing is another option, Northern Ireland is not an insurmountable he suggests, between the Mull of Kintyre and the challenge. It would also help to address the  Two possible routes for a fixed link between Scotland and Northern Ireland Antrim coast. But significant road upgrades would country’s economic imbalance.”

4 transportation professional news & analysis

link to France, as part of its concession agreement for operating the tunnel. There is still capacity for further use of the Channel Tunnel, said spokesman John Keefe, “but depending on the speed of traffic growth and economic growth it extension shelved is conceivable that additional capacity will be needed in the next few decades”. ’s Mayor Dorothy Thornhill will not give Talk of a bridge, he added, is a “real validation of up on efforts to bring a proposed extension the importance of fixed links” which carry millions of the Metropolitan Line to Watford Junction of people and billions of pounds worth of trade station, despite the London Mayor pulling his between the two countries. But he warned that support for the scheme. the scale of the undertaking would be vast and Responsibility for the project was taken on could take “considerable time before becoming by from a reality”. County Council in 2015, and estimated costs have risen significantly over the last year from Consultant Ramboll’s executive director for  Watford tube station ED WEBSTER – FLICKR transport Dan Harvey commented: “A bridge is £284M to £357M. feasible, but is it needed? That is debatable. I’m not It is understood that the Ministry of Housing, West Coast Mainline interchange at Watford sure the economic case would Communities & Local Government and the Junction. The existing Metropolitan Line stack up. Department for Transport have offered the station at Watford would close. “If we had a spare few additional £73.4M of funding needed. Transport Secretary Chris Grayling said billions of pounds to spend But this had been rejected by London’s he was disappointed that the Mayor “has on infrastructure, there are Mayor Sadiq Khan, who believes the extension effectively abandoned the scheme” because of a lot of other options such as will expose the capital’s taxpayers to millions his unwillingness to guarantee further support extending High Speed 2 north, of pounds worth of risk for a transport link for the project. “Transport for London has now Dan Harvey increasing airport capacity, benefitting those outside London. asked us for a blank cheque to cover any future energy resilience or a crossing to Northern Ireland. Nevertheless, Dorothy Thornhill remains cost increases,” he added. “We cannot accept “I know a bridge to France gets the headlines, optimistic. “This is certainly not the end of the open ended risk to taxpayers.” but if you wanted another crossing why wouldn’t line for the Metropolitan extension,” she said. A spokesman for Sadiq Khan said that the it be another tunnel?” “It’s premature to say the former Mayor Boris Johnson had previously The Freight Transport Association said it is scheme is dead and if it is committed £49M of London taxpayers’ money worth thinking about “radical infrastructure purely about the cost risk to delivering the project, agreeing that TfL projects that take decades to deliver” but this we need to find a solution. would take the risk of any additional costs. should not be a substitute for addressing issues “Not having the He added: “The Mayor and TfL have faced by the sector today. “Making sure that extension will cost us jobs proposed several pragmatic solutions, existing links like Dover and the Channel Tunnel and new investment, so including TfL having access to development can continue to function once we have left the EU  Dorothy there is no way I am giving proceeds to cover these additional costs. Thornhill is what we need now from Government,” said head this up without a fight. I Without a pragmatic approach from the of policy Christopher Snelling. am confident there is still a deal to be done.” Government, the scheme cannot progress Road Haulage Association chief executive The scheme could support significant new with such a huge financial risk to London Richard Burnett described the costs and practical housing growth and unlock employment taxpayers.” implications of a bridge as enormous. “We are opportunities. If delivered, the extension TfL said it remains open to assisting the DfT better off spending smaller amounts of money on would serve new stations at Cassiobridge and in finding alternative schemes that may be improving our crumbling roads and opening more Watford , an Overground station more affordable, including a potential bus rapid lorry parks,” he said. MW at Watford High Street and the Overground / transit project. SD HEATHROW AIRPORTS AIRPORTS HEATHROW Arcadis’ UK transportation Construction law firm Beale’s business director Dr Colin Black partner Will Buckby commented said: “We sometimes get nervous that realigning part of the M25 of tunnels in the UK and how they will bring into play many complex

LIMITED operate, but many European cities legal issues, especially since place urban motorways in tunnels. the motorway is operated and “Doing so also provides a means maintained through a privately of controlling noise and air pollution, financed DBFO contract. reducing intrusion and improving the He added: “Moving a motorway surrounding environment.” on its own is a massive infrastructure Heathrow details M25 tunnel plan He added that a tunnel would project and building a tunnel for Proposals to realign part of the M25 They suggest repositioning the need to be futureproofed a motorway makes the challenge to accommodate a third runway at motorway around 150m to the west to accommodate expected even greater. But doing all that and Heathrow have been put forward by between junctions 14 and 15 and developments in mobility, such as building a runway over the top will airport bosses. placing the road into a tunnel. connected vehicles. make this a huge scheme.”

February 2018 5 news & analysis KNIGHT ARCHITECTS

Ely viaduct to span the Great Ouse

Construction of a 500m long viaduct over the explained consultant WYG’s head of highways composite deck,” added Richard Brown. in Cambridgeshire is starting Richard Brown MCIHT. The firm is the project The structure will also feature a uniquely to take shape as part of a new 1.7km greenfield manager and supervisor for the scheme on designed walkway (pictured) to give access bypass being built to the south of Ely. behalf of Cambridgeshire County Council. across the river for pedestrians and provide a The £36M project will divert traffic away VolkerFitzpatrick is the principal contractor viewing point for the nearby cathedral. from central Ely, where a railway level crossing and Knight Architects is behind the design. Elsewhere on the bypass, earthworks currently causes frequent congestion and a A series of slender ‘V’ shaped reinforced are largely complete with a significant low headroom bridge is often struck by heavy concrete piers are currently being built to proportion of paving also finished. Work is goods vehicles, with 18 incidents last year. support the structure’s main spans. “A key also continuing nearby to deliver a bridge Work is progressing well on the project’s upcoming milestone will be the lifting of over a busy rail freight line. Completion of centrepiece – its architect designed viaduct, steelwork into place for the viaduct’s steel the scheme is expected later this year.

GALLIFORD TRY has taken over Contracts work on the Lincoln Eastern Bypass while Lincolnshire County Council has been selected seeks a new main contractor to by Wokingham Borough Council to replace the collapsed Carillion. deliver a £124M programme of major HIGHWAYS ENGLAND is making highways works including nine key available £8.7Bn of road construction road schemes. work to be procured through its new BAM NUTTALL and MORGAN Regional Delivery Partnership SINDALL – working in a JV – have contract. won two contracts worth a total of SIEMENS has won a multi-million £322M to deliver pound contract to supply and install upgrades on stretches of the M62 new ‘ETCS’ in-cab signalling and M27. equipment on 745 freight engines.

INSPIRING THE FUTURE: Crossrail engineers chat with students from St Martin in the Fields High School for Girls at an event 100 at , organised to mark the start of the ‘Year of Engineering’ celebrations. Do you think Government should commit to a national road pricing scheme to reduce traffic congestion? Transport Minister Nusrat Ghani spoke about the exciting career opportunities the sector and major projects can offer the next generation. The campaign aims to help tackle the 20,000 shortfall in Hitting motorists in the pocket should engineering graduates every year and to promote the sector to girls and help to encourage behavioural change. people from ethnic minority backgrounds. YES 74% The more you use the roads, the more Crossrail chairman Sir Terry Morgan described the Year of Engineering you should pay. as “a fantastic opportunity to inspire others to take a fresh look at National road pricing will lead to political engineering and show the range of opportunities there are for training unrest. It will be very expensive to install and jobs in this sector”. and operate all of the necessary Skills Minister Anne Milton added: “I want to see everyone – whatever NO 26% technology. their background and wherever they live – to have a chance to get a To join the CIHT100 panel please email [email protected] rewarding career or job in engineering whether they come via a technical This question can be responded to at ciht.org.uk Also, see page 8. or academic route.”

6 transportation professional news & analysis Bus study to find reasons for falling use

Senior academics are about to begin  Passengers may be put exploring the reasons behind England’s off bus use by continued decline in bus use, in an effort to reduced service help Government improve its policy making frequency ALASTAIR LLOYD around public transport. A 12 month study will begin at Easter, led by the Independent Transport Commission research charity and supported by a donation from the Rees Jeffreys Road Fund. “Our aim is to understand the factors that are driving the decline,” explains the Commission’s director Dr Matthew Niblett. “We hope our research study will be useful to policy makers and bus operators and will use has fallen. “We are not seeing an even The study is also likely to consider impact indicate what is causing the falling patronage.” pattern throughout the country, which is of personalised on-demand ride sharing In a recent study into land based travel something we need to explore further.” services on buses and how different age patterns in England the Commission found The Commission’s study will analyse groups may favour certain modes of travel that overall bus use outside London has existing data on bus patronage taken from over others. been falling steadily for several years. Within the National Travel Survey, labour force The research team will be chaired by a London bus use grew very strongly until 2015, surveys and bus operator records and may ask steering group led by ITC commissioner when the capital too started to see falls in questions of passengers. Professor Peter Jones of University College passenger numbers. “We are keen to find out “We will be looking to understand the London as well as Tony Depledge of the Rees what is behind these trends,” Dr Niblett says. reasons why people are using buses and why Jeffreys Road Fund, Professor Peter White of “There have been some they are not,” Dr Niblett adds. “Falling use Westminster University and Kris Beuret of suggestions that the falls in could be down to infrequent service patterns consultant Social Research Associates. bus use across the country or the attitudes of passengers. If someone last More generally, Matthew Niblett says that are down to increasing travelled by bus when at school and did not 2018 promises to be a fascinating year for levels of traffic congestion. enjoy the experience they might not want to transport in the UK. “Major decisions are While this may be part of use a bus again.” looming regarding infrastructure building the story, we cannot believe He adds that some measures to increase and new technologies continue to reshape our  Dr Matthew it is the whole explanation,” patronage will be within a bus operator’s transport systems,” he says. Niblett he adds. “Declines in bus control such as fares, routes, service frequency Rees Jeffreys Road Fund chair David use have also been seen in areas where there and the design of vehicles. But wider issues Hutchinson says the ITC’s bus study “is a has been very little increase in congestion, need exploring too such as housing policy, the really good opportunity” to better understand and in some cities ridership has gone up even availability of parking – and even changing why bus use is declining across the country. though congestion has not fallen.” shopping behaviours. In 2010 each person “Fewer buses can lead to difficulties in He cites Reading and Brighton as two cities took an average of 19 shopping trips by local the way people access transport and have a where bus use has been growing over the last bus a year, but by 2016 the number fell to 13; real impact on how communities function, five years, despite increasing levels of motor which may have contributed to reduced bus especially in villages and rural areas.” traffic. Whereas in Newcastle upon Tyne, bus use overall. Also see page 10, ‘My Project Proposal’.

that will become CIHT buses guidance widely applauded the new norm. New guidelines published by CIHT “The bus is often marginalised in operation and provide attractive CIHT’s look to put the provision of high new developments,” said its principal walking routes to bus stops, it adds. sustainable quality bus services at the heart of author Tim Pharoah FCIHT at a launch Bus operator Stagecoach’s head transport planning for urban developments. event in January. “Decisions are made of strategic development and panel chair Practical advice aimed at about how to lay out a residential the built environment Nick Small Lynda Addison  Lynda Addison promoting modal shift towards estate and then somebody has praised the guidance and said it “will FCIHT said the bus use through good spatial to figure out how to thread a bus steer developers and policy makers document’s cross-sector support planning and through it afterwards – that is towards better site choices that can will give it “status and power” and infrastructure completely the wrong approach.” be served effectively by buses”. highlighted the importance of design is The guidelines recommend that Swindon Borough Council’s collaboration. She called for efforts included in the developments should be dense strategic allocations transport to now turn to disseminating the Institution’s enough to support high frequency manager Robert Rossiter added that guidance and promoting the benefits ‘Buses in Urban bus services that compete with the the document “has the potential to of high quality bus services. Developments’ private car. The layout of streets and set a ‘black and white’ standard for ‘Buses in Urban Developments’ is  Tim Pharoah document. footpaths should allow efficient bus the provision of bus infrastructure” available online at ciht.org.uk/stue

February 2018 7 debate working life

Do you think Government should commit to a national road pricing Catherine Hallett MCIHT scheme to reduce traffic congestion?

of simply moving congestion to pricing scheme. The increased Yes other areas of the network. connectivity and harmonisation But the success of fiscal of intelligent transport demand management schemes systems is being driven by – such as congestion charging the deployment of connected in London and Stockholm – and autonomous vehicles, co- demonstrate that road pricing operative mobility, ‘Mobility as a Job title – Development and sponsorship is not only the most efficient Service’ and Connected ITS. director for Highways England’s regional and sustainable method of Digitalisation of the transport improvements programme. managing demand but is also network is a subset of the wider Terms of reference – To focus on the Dave Beddell MCIHT the most equitable method of ‘Internet of things’ phenomenon. best outcomes for the customer and Europe sector leader, doing so. This provides a toolset to to help ensure project teams have the highways Extending congestion pricing deliver many transport policy resources and authority they need to AECOM across the whole national road objectives aimed at improving deliver the improvement schemes. Variable time of day network network will help to reduce road safety, reducing congestion, Suitability for the job – A passion for the pricing is widely used by road congestion while directly optimising transport efficiency, role and a belief that every decision we telephone, gas and electric transitioning the costs of driving enhancing mobility, improving make affects people’s quality of life. Plus utilities to spread demand and to those using the roads. journey times and experience over 20 years of designing, delivering and ensure continuity of service. Nobody likes to pay service and reducing energy use and sponsoring highway schemes. Why shouldn’t the same fees, but it is the fairest and environmental impacts, as Where based – In theory, I’m based in principles apply to our road most efficient mechanism to well as supporting economic Guildford but I’m always travelling around network? impose costs on those using development. our six regional offices. The success of non-fiscal the service. Overall, a national road Transport to work – I take the train, demand management measures There is also a massive pricing scheme could be which people often think is strange for is limited by the induced opportunity here to integrate implemented to relieve someone working for the company that demand effect and any road the increased digitalisation congestion and also deliver on is responsible for England’s strategic space made free is quickly taken of the transport network multiple transport objectives roads. But trains give you uninterrupted up by other drivers. Therefore to design and deliver a cost that provide substantial socio- thinking time. this can often have the effect effective national road network economic benefits. Top of in-tray – Value for money, in the broadest sense. Making sure we are doing the right thing at the right cost, I often travel around which makes good sense to not just financially but economically and No Manchester using public people, is to introduce tangible environmentally. It is a daily balancing act. transport, my own car and enhancements to public Best aspect of job – The skills and bicycle and believe that the UK transport systems. passion of our delivery teams, the Government must focus on As a recent example the amazing breadth of local knowledge providing and expanding people of the Iranian capital and knowing that we can make a real frequent, accessible, timely of Tehran, a hugely congested difference for our customers. and fairly priced public city, have welcomed new metro Worst aspect – Not being able to deliver transport, rather than and bus rapid transit schemes. everything we would like. There are always introducing road pricing. But many people were not so compromises, and that is a tremendous Dr Behrooz Saghafi MCIHT Implementing tolls and supportive of recent increases in responsibility for the teams to get it right. Technical director surcharges have never put the fuel prices. What is the most important transport DAFco (pavement rich off their cars, but do have Americans also oppose road issue today? After safety it is the specialist) an impact on the majority tolls, believing they are already environment. In particular, how can we While I am not a transport of people. contributing sufficiently to a support growth and access to jobs and economist, I have been More wealthy people will not handful of road related taxes. services while improving the environment particularly interested in mind throwing money into toll Developed public transport and protecting communities. It’s a tracking how different schemes buckets every morning, unlike systems will automatically challenge the whole transportation to mitigate traffic congestion those on more modest salaries. encourage people to manage industry needs to collaborate far more on. have worked for people of Governments have a preferred ‘mix and match’ of How do you relax? Reading and listening various countries. unconsciously trained people to using their own car and public to music. Anything that lets me escape As far as I can see, tolls and think about economics when it transport. into another world. surcharges have never improved comes to transport. Experience Whereas road pricing schemes What car is in your garage? the situation significantly from other countries shows will just work towards widening A vintage TR4A that runs like a dream. or been worth the pressure that the only logical approach the social fissure that already Ambition – To see the sun rise at inflicted on society. to reducing congestion and exists between rich and poor. Machu Picchu.

8 transportation professional tales from the past just one more thing

End of Carillion

The Highway Engineer was the first journal of the Carillion’s collapse might just be the construction industry’s Lehman Institution of Highway Engineers. It was followed in Brothers moment, one senior former employee of the contracting giant told later years by Highways & Transportation magazine and me in reference to the investment bank’s demise in 2008 which sparked the Transportation Professional. Here are extracts of stories financial crisis. published in the journals 10, 25, 50 and 75 years ago. “It was an accident waiting to happen and I will be very surprised if we don’t see further construction companies go the same way,” he remarked. “Contractors have got into trouble before and been bought up by others, but 10 years ago a total collapse is unprecedented.” Dismay has been voiced by transport campaigners in the South West Contractors who until last month were in joint venture with Carillion after the Government abandoned plans to bypass Stonehenge on have had to take up the slack on several major infrastructure projects and the route of the A303. Transport Minister Tom Harris said escalating – despite assurances that work will continue as planned – will be fearful of costs associated with developing a 2.1km bored tunnel beneath the the additional risk. site made the project unfeasible. But it is the sub contractors who face a particularly uncertain time. Some “We are extremely disappointed by this decision,” said the South caught out by the collapse could see big losses. West of England Regional Development Agency chief executive Jane And then there is the issue of retentions, whereby a percentage of Henderson. “The A303 is widely regarded as a key strategic route payments are withheld until work is certified to be free of defects. Carillion with huge significance for the regional economy.” Earlier plans to is said to have held £800M in retentions when it went into liquidation. Three build a bypass to the north or south of Stonehenge were discounted trade bodies have since issued a joint statement calling on Government on environmental grounds. to abolish the practice within seven years, to help smaller companies that operate on very tight margins. 25 years ago Directors who oversaw Carillion’s demise have questions to answer, but Calls have been made for the construction of a Southern Counties so too does Government which continued to sign off large contracts to the Expressway, made up of a route from Dover along the south coast to company after a profits warning was issued last summer. And in a fresh Southampton, north along an upgraded A34 to Oxford and then twist, KPMG is to be investigated by the Financial Reporting Council over eastwards via to the east coast ports. its audit of the company’s statements since 2014. The motorway standard route would provide an alternative to the As this sorry saga has taught us, no firm is too big to fail. The construction M25 and the concept is designed to cater for the ever growing sector will be eager to hear what changes will be made to ensure there is no European dimension of the UK’s trading, a new CBI report on repeat of the circumstances which led to the end of Carillion. transport infrastructure says. “The competitiveness of businesses in the south of England is severely affected by the inadequacies of the Aim high with complaints infrastructure,” said the report’s working party chairman Neil Ashley. “Excuse me sir, this area is reserved for first class passengers,” ventured a train guard checking tickets on a busy service into London the other week. 50 years ago “But there is nowhere to sit in second class” came the reply, setting in motion Changes made to road conditions should be accompanied by before a 15 minute confrontation between a disgruntled and increasingly animated and after studies, to find out what effect they have on accidents, customer and the official sticking to the rules and justifying the train wrote J Leeming. This applies to physical changes such as a company’s position. widening, or a legal one such as the posting of a speed limit. Several of us listening in from the vestibule murmured in agreement with We also have to convince the public as well as Ministers that the passenger. He was right, surely, because this morning’s train was one measures have been successful, or otherwise. “Since most minds are carriage short and all second class seats were taken. But as the argument very firmly closed on the subject,” he said, “we have to hammer them wore on and the guard repeatedly pointed out that she was just doing her open, and for this we need overwhelming evidence”. job, my sympathies switched. Someone finally intervened and told the passenger to complain directly to the train company instead. 75 years ago I reflected later on the way travellers – not just on trains, but on the roads There is an urgent need to adopt the metric system for measuring too – interact with those on the front line, including construction workers length, area, volume and weight and the Institution has approached and parking attendants. Is it ever acceptable to issue more than a sarcastic the Board of Trade to add weight to the argument. It also points out riposte to a situation, and to direct not just frustration but anger to those on that the change should be made at the end of the present hostilities. the front line? No; they are just doing their jobs and deserve more respect. “We have suffered the inconvenience of an out of date system of Far more polite – and more effective – is to post a complaint to head office measurement for many generations,” the article said. “Action needs via twitter, containing several relevant hashtags. Power to influence change to be taken by the proper authority to end it. It also rests with every is literally in your hands. man and woman in the country and every intelligent school boy and girl, to insist that they will put up with the imperial system no longer.” Mike Walter, Editor

February 2018 9 letters

Transportation Professional welcomes letters from readers on all subjects raised by the magazine and about any other transportation issue. Please keep your letters brief and include your CIHT designation, if applicable. The Editor reserves the right to condense. Address your letters to: [email protected] or write to: The Editor, Transportation Professional, 7 Linden Close, Tunbridge Wells, Kent TN4 8HH or use Twitter: @CIHTUK

Green waves were a  Allowing more traffic to pass a good thing in Germany green signal is said It was good to read that British planners have to reduce pollution finally come round to the view that ‘green waves’ minimise stop and go and thereby minimise emissions. (TP Innovation special, November / December 2017, page 4). When I was a young researcher in Germany in the early 1980s all my work focussed on optimising traffic signal control. I looked at switching traffic signals off at times of low traffic volume, comparing different methods of traffic dependent control, optimising control for reducing congestion, using traffic lights to prioritise buses and finally developing new methods for signal control Not only do green waves work, but mean they will not have to brake again at the optimisation. German drivers expect them to work. next traffic light and thereby minimise their I became aware of TRANSYT (a traffic Therefore you won’t observe ‘Brands Hatch’ emissions. control tool), managed to get hold of it and racing as mentioned in your article. Instead Christiane Bielefeldt FCIHT tried it out. But guess what: my green waves drivers, expecting to get green at the next Professor Emeritus of Strategic Transport beat TRANSYT’s optimised programs every light when they stick to 50 km/h, will gently Management, Edinburgh Napier University single time! accelerate in the knowledge that this will [email protected]

Thoughts on reopening branch lines National bus website may help passengers I offer my reaction to the article ‘Lost railway lines set for restoration’ (TP January issue, page 4). Plans to reopen Uckfield to Lewes MY PROJECT is not news to me; the Uckfield line was PROPOSAL amputated when I was 18 months old and I have lived beside the stump since. Alas, the local authorities were instrumental to its closure. The last local 6 authority commissioned study in 2008 served only to tighten further the coffin screws!  A central database To succeed, the campaigners’ position of information could ought to be unanimous: entrust projects to help to encourage private finance. bus use HANS CHRISTIANSSON – Dave Hubbard MCIHT SHUTTERSTOCK [email protected] My idea for a transport project to benefit puts some people off using this mode of travel. the country is a national bus website. The The central database of service information website would contain information about every behind the website would also be used by app bus service in the UK and be presented in a developers and industry professionals. If kept consistent way regardless of operator, just like up to date, including service alterations and the National Rail website does for trains. diversions, this could be a valuable asset for all. It would serve as a central place to go to get Gregory Webster MCIHT information on bus routes, basic fares, accepted Senior consultant payment methods, journey times, departure and arrival times as well as bus stop names and Do you have an idea for a new transport locations. infrastructure scheme that you think would make I believe a national bus website would lead to a big difference, either to local communities an increase in bus travel, because the current or the prosperity of the nation? Email your  Trains on the former East Sussex route uncertainty – particularly with regards to fares – suggestions to [email protected] JOHN WENHAM

10 transportation professional transport sketch

Autonomous car vision requires  Julie Rand shows large local road investment the minimum distance cyclists One of the greatest challenges to should keep from taking forward developments in parked vehicles, to protect themselves vehicle autonomy and meeting the from ‘car dooring’ Government’s ambitions to have fully self-driving cars on UK roads by 2021 is the UK’s network of underinvested local authority maintained roads. A funded, effective and, crucially, well maintained infrastructure is at the core of the UK’s economy, and with more than 200 local authorities – each with different pressures and squeezed budgets – self-driving cars on anything but strategic roads looks like a distant dream. What is needed is a simple, reliable formula for roadmarkings: 150mm wide, at 150mcd (the measure for Staying cycle safe by being assertive retroreflectivity), with 35mcd visibility on wet nights. Motorists who share the road with cyclist Julie Rand I am the most vulnerable person on the road so A joint Euro NCAP and EuroRAP are unlikely to be in any doubt that she is there or I have to create the best conditions for myself; report titled ‘Roads that Cars can Read’, her intended direction of travel. not worry about drivers having to wait for a few pointed out that ‘Vehicles like drivers The bicycle instructor from charity Cycling UK is seconds to pass.” cannot function well if basic road comfortable with adopting a dominant position on I ask Julie if she senses any frustration from the highway to make herself more visible to others, motorists when riding in an assertive manner. better able to spot and avoid hazards and safe from “Some drivers don’t like it,” she admits. “But I do feel the opening of car doors. much safer.” Julie claims that most drivers would Before we met, I had considered myself to be an prefer that cyclists “signal clearly and take up a good assured and confident cyclist. But since watching road position, rather than weave all over the place”. how Julie negotiates busy streets through the Being further out into the road also allows the suburbs of Guildford, I now question whether my cyclist a better view of vehicles pulling out of side faith in my own abilities was justified. streets, she says. And when cycling along an empty Take overtaking, for instance. Many cyclists who street, Julie will not ride too close to the kerb to pull out to go around a line of parked vehicles will avoid slippery drain covers and debris in the gully. return to the kerbside as soon as they can, even if We pause in a quiet residential street on the this means repeating the pulling out right / returning approach to a sharp left hand bend. Julie positions markings and signs are non existent, left manoeuvre several times in short order. That’s herself around a metre from the kerb where most non compliant with international certainly what I always do. cyclists, she says, would choose to ride. She asks conventions, worn out, obscured, But not Julie. She will hold her overtaking position me to describe how far we can see around a house inconsistent or confusing. towards the centre of the road for as long as is on the corner; which admittedly is not far. Julie then ‘Well maintained lines conversely necessary until there are no more parked cars. And moves towards the centre of the road and this time reduce accidents and increase she leaves more room than many cyclists between is afforded a much better view. mobility particularly for older drivers herself and the stationary vehicles, mindful of the Later at a signalised crossroads Julie positions maintaining social bonds: surely this is risks posed by a car door opening suddenly and herself confidently in the centre of her lane to win-win.’ to prevent approaching motorists from trying to ride straight across. “There was no doubt to any Monitoring and maintaining squeeze past her. motorist which way I was heading,” she explains. road markings is a vital part of well “You have to be bold and claim the road space, Back in London that evening I hire a Boris Bike managed roads. Right now, we face the rather than passive and keeping out of the way,” and try out some of the techniques demonstrated rigours of winter damage, and road Julie says. “I like to make myself as visible as earlier. Riding up Northumberland Avenue in a more users’ priorities are potholes and worn possible and use my positioning to communicate dominant position felt good, until I was beeped at by markings. Only when we have roads my intentions with other road users. As a cyclist a taxi driver. MW that cars can read, reliably, can we truly have a high level of vehicle autonomy. Paul Aldridge l Cycling UK is calling for the Highway Code to provide improved guidance for motorists when overtaking Chairman, Road Safety Markings cyclists. Drivers are currently advised to “give plenty of room” to other road users including cyclists. The Association charity wants greater clarity on the size of gap motorists should leave when passing. Unit 35, Corringham Road It also encourages drivers and their passengers to ‘Dutch reach’ when opening the door by using the hand Industrial Estate, Gainsborough furthest away; forcing you to turn and look properly before getting out. Five cyclists were killed and 2000 Lincolnshire DN21 1QB injured in Britain over a recent four year period by the opening of doors.

February 2018 11 take me back

Over 200,000t of flexible asphalt pavement was laid Transport Minister Lynda Chalker cuts throughout the Thorney Interchange the first turf on the Poyle contract Motorway team reunites to share memories from site

Work started 35 years ago on one of the most expensive south of the M4 to shift sideways and complex motorway projects of its day: a four level shortly after they were built, leading to their reconstruction (see panel, interchange between the M4 and M25. Mike Walter overleaf). But looking back, members speaks to key people responsible for the scheme. of the project team agree that the scheme was a very successful addition to the motorway network and they are ow fascinating it must over the top of the new M25, which in proud of what was achieved. have been for airline turn crosses the existing M4, under “We were very “We were very fortunate on this job, “Hpilots of the 1980s which passes two further feeder roads. fortunate on for a number of reasons,” adds Peter to have looked out and seen the And they remembered too how, in this job, there Jefferies, who was project director for motorway network gradually evolve a change from the original design, was plenty of the Cementation / Costain contracting space and no beneath them – and especially here,” structures were formed using team. “There was plenty of space neighbours.” remarks engineer Peter Jefferies composite steel box girders rather available for the permanent works and PeterJefferies who was among the principal figures than post tensioned concrete. Steel there were no neighbours close by to responsible for building the eye components were fabricated off object to our activities or the smell of catching Thorney Interchange (often site and delivered from Darlington water being pumped into temporary referred to back then as ‘Poyle’) to provide greater programme lagoons as we dewatered the land. that took shape in the vicinity of security in what was a tight 36 month “But there was so much water that . contractural period. the lagoons had to be extended,” he Construction of the four level There were also former gravel pits remembers. “This was vital because the highway structure – linking the M4 on the line of the new interchange that dynamic compaction had to proceed with the soon to be complete London were filled with uncompacted landfill without disruption, so that part of Orbital – began nearly 35 years ago, in up to a depth of 5m and had to be the M4 could be diverted to allow the spring 1983. To mark the occasion TP dewatered and treated with a “The general interchange to be built.” invited a group of engineers, designers dynamic compaction technique. Other philosophy The dynamic compaction process and construction professionals whose pits had to be pumped clear of water was to build to involved dewatering landfill and careers were shaped by the motorway to gain access to material that could accommodate covering its surface with a granular project to meet up close to the be used as fill. future traffic blanket, before several cranes dropped junction to share their memories. Not everything on the project ran to growth.” 15t weights numerous times to They recalled how two viaducts plan: unexpected ground movement Diane Novis consolidate the fill beneath. The old were built to carry connecting roads caused several bridge columns to the landfill contained all manner of refuse,

12 transportation professional take me back

from domestic and commercial waste  Members of the project team to oil drums. (and James Irwin, Richard Deacon, the resident standing, centre) engineer with at the time, look over old photographs says that ground conditions varied SCOTT RAMSEY significantly across different areas of PHOTOGRAPHY the site. “In one area were the backfilled gravel pits that contained a range of the most inconsistent materials you could imagine. But in other areas and below the landfill was London Clay, one of the most consistent materials you could use for constructing embankments.” Another issue was an infrequently used single track railway which passed beneath the M4 at the point where the motorway intersection would be built. A deal was done with he says, largely because the right turns could be derived. It was, he describes, a to take temporary possession of the between the M25 and M4 were so much “breath of fresh air”. line, so that bridge structures could be shorter with a four level design. But all of the program’s commands built swiftly and construction traffic Mick also remembers working had to be prepared on ‘punch cards’ in carrying excavated material could gain alongside a landscape architect who his Guildford office and transmitted access to site through a rail tunnel. designed the landscape fill by adding to a bureau in London, with progress Thorney Interchange features a total Plasticine to a model produced for plots arriving by post around once a of 17 structures over a 36ha site. Bridges public consultation. The material was month. “The model of the interchange include a 229m long twin deck viaduct “Below the landfill then weighed to give the landscape had to exist in my head because we had that carries the M25 and two high level was London fill volume for the tender documents. no graphic monitors back then,” recalls viaducts of 264m and 182m in length. Clay, one of the “How much more fun it was to be a Hugh. “I couldn’t imagine anyone doing Connecting roads measure a total of most consistent designer back then,” he quips. that now.” 8km and 215,000t of flexible asphalt materials you Jim Moore FCIHT, who was a Later on site he remembers the could use.” pavement was laid. Foundation piles for project manager at the South East process of setting out, which featured Richard Deacon the structures number 340 and extend Road Construction Unit, looked after “a forest of batter rails, profile boards to an average depth of 27m. six contracts on the M25 including and pavement pin points” and seeing Mick Rance, who was the highway the interchange. “This large complex “enormous motor scrapers and earth design team leader for the project at contract was superbly managed and moving trucks thundering by”. the South East Road Construction run by the contractor and ended Ian Clarke, a resident engineer on Unit, says the free flow Thorney up finishing six months ahead of site, also remembers a very busy site. Interchange was inspired by England’s schedule,” he says. “The interchange “There was a phenomenal amount of first four level motorway interchange has a lovely geometry and the free flow muck that had to be shifted, just at the at Almondsbury near Bristol. A three design works beautifully.” same time as engineers were placing level structure was considered at Hugh Woods, then a graduate the bridge beams,” he says. Thorney, but rejected after a cost /  Diversions for engineer with the Road Construction “The earthmoving contractors benefit analysis of different options traffic (shown in Unit’s sub unit, says that were belting around from sunrise to was carried out using a Department of red) around the site several carriageways were designed to sundown and making a lot of money.” COURTESY OF THE FTA Transport computer program known accommodate a future changed layout, “I look back at the job now as COBA. and remembers using new computer and realise how much easier this “The program showed the benefit software known as MOSS which interchange and the M25 have made  A photograph to cost ratio was significantly more of a model of the introduced the concept of a 3D model getting around. And there is something positive with a four level interchange,” interchange from which drawings and quantities very pleasing about driving over the high level bridge at Thorney, which Thorney Interchange affords a fantastic view,” he adds. M25 – M4 (part of the M25 Diane Novis, a former graduate Poyle to M4 contract) engineer with the South East RCU, adds: “The general philosophy was Tender value: £44.1M to build to accommodate future Start of works: April 1983 traffic growth. I remember designing Completion: December 1985 a farm access bridge nearby with a Client: Department of Transport span sufficient to accommodate the Main contractor: Cementation / Costain joint venture extra lanes when the motorway was Engineer: WS Atkins widened.” Looking back now, she adds that congestion does not seem to be >

February 2018 13 take me back

Foundation piles move sideways in problem ground Dimensions were checked on allow instrumentation and cameras the substructures constructed to assess the extent of the problem, for the viaducts at the Thorney which revealed cracking and water Interchange, before final fabrication ingress in several piles beneath of the steelwork superstructure some of the substructures. took place. But some dimensions A number of piers had to be were found to be up to 150mm out demolished and rebuilt with new from the design. ‘under reamed’ foundation piles “We were expecting some of the installed, incorporating a 75mm approach embankments to settle annulus around the pile where it vertically because they had been passed through soft ground. constructed over landfill which This was to increase the end was almost bound to consolidate bearing capacity of the piles and further,” recalls Richard Deacon. accommodate any subsequent “But what was not expected horizontal movement. was the extent of horizontal Despite the setback, graduate Several piers had to be demolished and rebuilt ground movement, which in places engineer Diane Novis remembers caused some of the piles of the that the project team pulled substructure to distort from together to correct the issue. finger,” she says. “This was in the high profile project which had faced the vertical.” “Everyone was working to sort the days before ‘collaboration’ was the criticism, so we had to resolve the The affected piles were cored to problem, rather than to point the norm. Thorney Interchange was a problem quickly.”

> as much of a problem at the Around the table, there is a interchange, compared with elsewhere consensus among the group that if Site safety advances on the M25. the interchange was to be built today noted by group In the early 1980s the M4 was one the approach would be very different. of the busiest stretches of road in the “Back then you could make decisions Brightly coloured workwear has long been mandatory country, used by around 80,000 vehicles much more quickly,” comments one. on road construction sites. But it was very different a day. Traffic on the motorway had to Another remarks: “The whole for those building the Thorney Interchange in the be diverted before construction of the culture has changed: it used to be that early 1980s. Thorney Interchange structures could ‘Government knows best’, but today “We were issued with dark blue waterproof begin in earnest, starting with the M4’s they have to be far more accountable.” jackets and white site helmets; it was a few years eastbound carriageway. Listening to the project team’s before fluorescent yellow jackets were the norm,” Richard Deacon recalls that he was recollections is James Irwin MCIHT remembers Hugh Woods, a graduate engineer very impressed with how the police of Connect Plus Services, which on site. introduced a diversion which made use today is responsible for operating and He adds: “In those days site access roads often of large lengths of new slip roads. maintaining the M25. “The industry doubled as haul roads. Some of us had to walk and “The police had two cars which certainly has changed and there are that meant keeping a good eye out for your own drove side by side to slow down and more environmental considerations safety when large vehicles came past.” eventually stop the traffic in all three now for jobs of this size,” he says. It is not just above ground where approaches to lanes. They told motorists immediately “There may have been very few safety have improved. During construction of ‘under behind them to ‘follow us’. All the stakeholders to liaise with 35 years ago, reamed’ bored foundation piles for bridges south of eastbound traffic followed them and but now the area around the junction the M4 it was the job of one operative to go down 30m the diversion worked, but I remember is so densely populated. Projects of in a cage to shovel earth displaced by a rig’s auger into having a sleepless night before thinking that scale would require much longer a bucket. A clerk of works would have to enter the this could all go horribly wrong.” lead in times today.” ground too to check on progress. Fortunately no one was killed building the Thorney Interchange. But at the time it had been noted that – statistically speaking – two people were expected to lose their lives. “That is not to say that two deaths would have been acceptable,” explains the project’s director Peter Jefferies. “But that number illustrates that there was more risk on motorway sites compared to today.”  Transport Secretary Nicholas James Irwin of Connect Plus Services agrees. “Our Ridley opens the mindset today has totally changed,” he says. “Now interchange you don’t go into a job thinking there is a possibility of AERO INDUSTRIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC two people being killed.”

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Fifty years ago the development of England’s major highways began to be co-ordinated by the Road Construction Units. Former Midland RCU group engineer John Carrington FCIHT looks back.

ery few motorways existed in the mid 1960s other than the VRoss Spur, sections of the M6 and the M1 – which ran as far as Crick in Northamptonshire where it ended in a field. The rest were a few isolated schemes and there was only a vague sense of a forward programme. Motorways needed promoting, but “Road so too did a large number of inter Construction connecting online improvements and Units were trunk road bypasses to relieve traffic instrumental in – and especially a growing number of providing a much improved heavy goods vehicles – from towns network.” and villages. John Carrington Motorways and trunk roads had previously been the responsibility of

the Ministry of Transport with the  Completion of the M4 into south Wales was among the achievements of the Road planning, design and supervision of Construction Units HIGHWAYS ENGLAND projects carried out largely by county councils, as agents of the Ministry. schemes was predominately an premature as the programme of major Consulting engineers were also used engineering task and proposed works on motorways and trunk road for large cross border schemes. the creation of six units covering bypasses was nowhere near complete In 1966 the Government realised the whole of England. Each would and many large schemes were in an that a radical approach to the be staffed by Ministry and county advanced stage of preparation. The planning of major road schemes was council engineering and supportive impetus was lost and the political necessary and there was a growing staff and the director of each unit will to complete the programme had political will to improve and extend would be a civil servant. disappeared.  Sir William the country’s antiquated network. Each unit would have up to three Harris, who helped In the 20 years of the RCUs Around this time there was a sub units, responsible for the detailed set up the Road the motorway network grew by general shortage of experienced design of around three quarters of Construction Units around 80% to around 5100km, with PORTRAIT BY RON BRIDLE highway and civil engineers, resulting the major road programme. The other hundreds of trunk road bypasses and in disrupted programmes and quarter was to be carried out by online upgrades built. competition among counties for staff. consultants under the control of the Major achievements included It was decided that resources unit director. completion of the M25, the M40 must be grouped into larger units, By the middle of 1968 all six units from London to Birmingham, the M5 each with substantial and steady and 16 sub units were up and running. towards Exeter and the M4 into south programmes of work, under direct By 1974 there were 225 civil servants Wales. It also became possible to drive Ministry control. This formed the and 2692 local government officers from London to the Scottish border basis for creating Road Construction employed by the RCUs. These figures continuously via the M1 and M6. Units (RCUs) in partnership with remained fairly static until 1987 when Not every scheme went according county councils. the Department of Transport decided to plan however. The final length of The man credited with to disband the RCUs, a process that motorway to be built in England – the masterminding the RCUs was Sir was completed the following year. Birmingham Northern Relief Road – William Harris, an eminent civil Units were merged with enlarged started life as an RCU project. engineer and director general regional offices and the sub units It had been proceeding on target for highways at the Ministry of were sold off to various consulting when the Government decided to Transport. engineers. offer the project to the private sector He recognised that the planning, The decision to disband the RCUs as a Design Build Finance and Operate design and supervision of highway was generally concluded to be scheme. The road eventually opened >

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Fifty years of change: Motorways and major trunk roads (as of 2008) a view from site Highway construction has come a long way A1 in the last half century. Darryl Foxwell MCIHT, whose career began in 1968, looks back at some memorable moments from his early career.

M6 A66

M65 A1(M)

M60 A55 M6 M1 A1 M54 A14

M50 M40 M1 M11 M4 M4 M25

M3 ROBIN SOPER M5 M20  Working practices have come a long way in road building M23 M27 “When I started out as a graduate engineer the basic wage A38 was poor, but if you were willing to work hard you got lodge and mobility allowances – both tax free. Pins, pegs and profiles dominated my early days of work. “I had bought myself a caravan, lived on site and was always ready to move with 24 hours’ notice. By the end of 1974 I had > in 2003, 10 years late, and had that processes should be engineer saved enough money to put a deposit down on a house. become the road. lead. As a result the RCU directors “I worked 52 and a half hours a week on site, including 8am The 20 year life of the RCUs may had considerable powers, enabling until 4pm on Sundays. Night work was virtually unknown and seem a long time, but when you decisions to be made quickly. annual leave was two weeks plus Bank Holidays. consider that a major motorway Road Construction Units in England “The progression up the career ladder was varied, scheme could take 16 years from depending on your abilities and in my case I started as a setting Headquarters Sub units inception to completion, it was not so out engineer, moving on to become a materials engineer, then Lancashire long. Major motorway and trunk road North West section engineer, followed by site agent. Preston projects had several hurdles to pass Cheshire We were encouraged to take on additional during its preparation stage. roles such as first aider, safety engineer or Durham Statutory objections, moratoria, North East measurement engineer. changes in Ministers and Wakefield West Yorkshire “Looking back, I am very pleased Government, the intricacies of the to see that site safety has improved legal system and the rise of the Bedfordshire immeasurably since the late sixties. Site  Darryl Foxwell East machines, for instance, no longer run on environmental lobby all had to be considered. One motorway project Bedford a road without flashing yellow lights and engineers are better even went through five public Hertfordshire protected from passing traffic. inquiries and one public hearing. “The manner in which complications on site were resolved Warwickshire The RCUs were an undoubted Midlands are also very different to how they would be handled today. success and were instrumental in Leamington Derbyshire They certainly were for me. I remember working as a section providing England with a much Spa and setting out engineer on a major bypass when I found out Staffordshire improved network of modern roads. that an overbridge already built by another company was one What contributed to this success? Surrey metre out of position. While setting out the road underneath Enhanced salaries offered to senior South East I used ranging poles, steel pins and common sense to set a Kent managers helped attract the best Dorking curve by eye – and it worked! engineers, and there was excellent co- Hampshire “At around the same time the country was in a period of operation between the Department of transition regarding measurements of length. I had to set out Transport and counties. Somerset the ‘three, two, one’ signs at interchanges – but no one knew South West But the single most significant Devon if the design was to be metric or imperial. So I made a decision Taunton factor originated from Sir William to pace it by foot. I didn’t receive any complaints! That certainly Gloucestershire Harris’s foresight, when he decided would not happen today.”

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TC_Highways_AD_Artwork.indd 1 09/01/2018 11:30 materials & surfacing

Warm mix message hits home

 Uptake of warm mix on the UK’s local and strategic road networks looks set to increase from this year

Improving the durability of highways while achieving sustainable outcomes is a key priority for the materials and surfacing industry. Steve Dale investigates new sector developments.

his could be the year that for the Asphalt Industry Alliance, He adds that local highway warm mix asphalt finally takes Malcolm Simms. authority trials, combined with Toff in the UK, with Highways He adds that it is incumbent upon experience from overseas, have helped England shortly due to approve a the industry to keep clients up to date to build the evidence of performance specification for this more sustainable with emerging opportunities and for the wider use of warm mix asphalt method of laying road materials. instil confidence that they are getting in the UK. Warm mix asphalts are produced a quality product. “Highways England has and applied at temperatures up “We are a relatively energy intensive traditionally been more risk averse to 40°C lower than conventional “Mixing at lower industry, so mixing materials at lower to large scale trials and generic hot mixes, using less energy and temperatures temperatures can contribute towards application,” he says. improving efficiency and safety can contribute to wider sustainability and climate However the strategic road network sustainability and on site. change objectives,” he explains. operator has now confirmed that it is climate change The concept has been around for He also argues that, because using shortly to incorporate a specification objectives.” the better part of the last century. warm mix means the bitumen is for warm mix asphalt into its Malcolm Simms But uptake in the UK has not been “younger and fresher” when it goes Specification for Highways Works, significant to date, despite warm mix down, it may actually offer increased subject to regulatory procedural now accounting for a third of asphalt durability over traditional hot mixes. clearance. production in the USA and its use Some local highways authorities are The company says it recognises the starting to increase across continental now beginning to deploy warm mix material’s potential carbon savings Europe. asphalt on parts of their networks. But and durability benefits and adds However efforts by the industry its use on strategic roads – where it that mixing at lower temperatures to promote the advantages of using represents a departure from standard will mean that the materials cool warm mix in the UK now appear to – has so far been much more limited. quicker, allowing greater productivity be paying off. “Authorities working with local and roads to be re-opened to live “There is a strong evidence base to suppliers may be more willing to trial traffic sooner. prove that warm mix is viable and innovations to gain the potential Warm mix asphalt also creates delivers similar performance to benefits in light of their stretched fewer fumes than hot mix, bringing that normally specified,” says budgets and where there may be an health and safety benefits to road asphalt director of the Mineral element of risk sharing,” speculates surfacing teams and creating cooler, Products Association and spokesman Malcolm. more pleasant working conditions. >

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THE PAVEMENT PERFORMANCE SPECIALISTS

T: 01525 722200 E: [email protected] W: www.asphaltrs.co.uk materials & surfacing

> “Health and safety is our number one priority as an industry,” Call to boost climate change focus emphasises Malcolm Simms. “We can Highway materials firms should seek to better develop all the best products in the understand the behaviour of asphalt and its world, but if we can’t deliver them constituent ingredients in order to improve the safely then we are wasting our time.” resilience of roads to climate change. He says that the benefit of So say specialists from FM Conway, who explain Highways England’s specification that climate change in the UK is expected to lead to will be to enable and encourage increased levels of rainfall in the short to medium warm mix asphalt’s more general use, term rather than higher temperatures. with carbon and efficiency savings This will necessitate the use more likely to be achieved when of denser road materials that these materials are produced more are more resilient to moisture, routinely. making the need to strengthen  Roads will need to much better resist moisture Following the introduction of the bond between aggregate the specification later this year, and bitumen a priority, the information while laying pavements,” he says, the Mineral Products Association company’s development adding that there is an opportunity to correlate the is considering setting some “hard,  David Smith director David Smith explains. theoretical properties of a material, as designed, rational targets” for annual volumes of “Bitumen is a complicated with the way it was installed in situ to understand warm mix production in the UK. material comprising hundreds of hydrocarbons in why pavements perform as they do. Warm mix is currently estimated to each sample,” he says. “We need to understand that “We are good at investigating represent less than 1% of UK asphalt combination in detail to get a grasp on how it will failures but not so good at production. “We would like to see that perform under increased rainfall.” understanding why things have rise further towards millions of tonnes Dr Helen Bailey of The Driven Company gone well,” adds Dr Bailey. “We a year,” says Malcolm Simms. Associates – a consultant to the highway firm – need to look at that too.” adds that by investing more in understanding the David Smith also encourages behaviour of materials, the industry can improve highways clients to look at their ‘predictability’ and more intelligently modify  Dr Helen Bailey introducing ‘performance their properties to meet clients’ design life based’ specifications expectations. for materials to inspire innovation. Current One way to boost this understanding is to specifications, he says, tend to be very prescriptive collate and analyse data on pavement performance and “don’t necessarily encourage the industry to much more efficiently, explains David Smith. “We further its understanding when it comes to thinking  Warm mix may offer greater durability as an industry don’t currently collect sufficient about the impact of climate change”.

expansion and contraction of a jointed concrete Texas test tackles surface cracking underlay under different weather conditions. Challenges around reflective cracking on roads with concrete bridges and other structures also It accelerates this process to demonstrate a where asphalt surfacing is laid over concrete have prevalent across the country. Typically, a thin material’s long term resistance to cracking. led bitumen provider Total to bring an innovative asphalt surface course is laid over the concrete to It works by fixing asphalt samples to two base American testing method to the UK. improve ride quality and reduce noise. plates which – once the equipment is conditioned This ‘Texas Overlay Test’, introduced by the But such installations are prone to failure and to the desired temperature – open and close the company last year, allows the performance of it is hoped that the Texas Overlay Test will help to gap between them in 10 second cycles. Sensors asphalt overlays to be measured and compared in provide insight leading to the production of more measure how much force is required for the controlled laboratory conditions. resilient materials. apparatus to make these cyclical movements. The UK’s highways network contains Total Bitumen’s technical manager Gary The test is completed when either 1000 thousands of kilometres of concrete pavement, Schofield explains: “The test simulates thermal cycles have been made, or the force needed to complete the cycle has reduced by 93% since the start of the process – indicating a total failure of the material. Finally the sample is studied for cracks and the result recorded. Gary Schofield says that, in tests so far at 10°C, asphalt samples using basic bitumens have been found to fail quickly. “But with more highly modified products you can go the full 1000 cycles,” he says. He adds that the test is expected to serve as  Resilience of a useful asset management tool for clients when asphalt to underlying contractions and predicting the service life and deterioration rate expansions is tested of road materials under different conditions.

22 transportation professional Performance, made to last

www.bitumen.total.com

Untitled-1 1 18/7/13 20:04:43 managing traffic

 Motorised vehicles are seldom seen travelling through the historic centre of Ghent JERROEN WILLEMS

for vehicles which have an end point within Ghent.” No way through He adds that the plan has helped public transport to circulate more freely and claims there are now almost for motorists in Ghent no traffic jams in the city centre. “Keeping private vehicles out of the Through traffic has been banished from the centre of Belgium’s centre helps to keep the city alive; our third largest city in an effort to relieve congestion. Could such a goal is to make Ghent more accessible, sustainable and liveable. The car radical measure work in the UK? is no longer the preferred mode of transportation in the city.” irst time visitors to the medieval dispensation. Thirty two cameras track Additional changes recently city of Ghent cannot fail to vehicles passing between districts, with implemented include increasing Fnotice the impressive Gothic a €55 fine levied at motorists without the size of the city’s pedestrian only architecture of several imposing authority to do so. areas from 35ha to 51ha, reducing buildings such as Saint Bavo Cathedral Restricting movement across the speed limits across the city to 30km/h and Saint Nicholas’ Church. But city is aimed at preventing longer and increasing the price of parking something else, not so obvious at first distance traffic from entering and a vehicle on the street or in an glance, marks this place out from most congesting Ghent, but it seems also underground car park by a factor of other cities: there is next to no traffic to have dramatically reduced shorter “Keeping private at least two. throughout much of the centre. journeys by vehicles inside the vehicles out of An extra 2400 extra parking spaces It is nearly a year since the City conurbation. Transfer between two the centre keeps have been created outside of the city, of Ghent authority introduced a districts has also been made harder the city alive.” with a dedicated shuttle bus providing ‘Circulation Plan’ which makes it very following the introduction of several Frank Vanden access to the centre. And an electric Bulcke difficult, if not impossible, to drive ‘cuts’ to key routes, prohibiting all people mover known as a Wandlebus through the city from one side to the motorised traffic from passing. provides free travel within the larger other. Ghent has been divided into six “Before the Circulation Plan was pedestrian only zones to frail persons districts that surround the historic introduced, around 40% of the traffic in or those with young children. centre and are collectively circled by a Ghent was not heading to a destination Cycle infrastructure has also been ring road, 11km in circumference. in the city; now those vehicles have improved, with more dedicated Motorists are free to enter any of gone,” says the city’s mobility director routes created. Journeys by bike the six districts from the ring road and Frank Vanden Bulcke. “We have also Dover currently account for around 30% of leave the same way, but are generally found that cutting the city up into • • Ghent all movements, and the city authority not permitted to drive from one district ‘pizza slices’ has removed a lot of local aims to increase this figure to 35% to another unless they have special traffic and there is better accessibility by 2030. >

24 transportation professional 17th ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE PAVEMENT ENGINEERING, ASPHALT TECHNOLOGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

CALL FOR REGISTRATION WEDNESDAY 21 AND THURSDAY 22 FEBRUARY 2018, LIVERPOOL, UK

Key note speakers The Department of Civil Engineering at Liverpool John Moores University in association with RSTA and Colas Ltd is hosting its 17th Annual 1. Paul Philips, PTS Ltd, UK – The New Highway Authorities Product Approval Scheme International Conference addressing: Pavement Engineering, Asphalt 2. James Wallis, XAIS Ltd, UK – Best Practice in Highway Asset Management Technology and Infrastructure. 3. Howard Robinson, RSTA, UK – Conference Scope: The New British Standard PD6689 for Surface Dressings and Microsurfacings The scope includes; pavement design, aggregate and asphalt materials, improvements in paving technology, data collection and pavement 4. Phil Sabin, , UK – inventory management, highway asset management, recycling initiatives Latest Developments in Asphalt Technology including Trials Performance , infrastructure and road maintenance. The conference will be of interest to; infrastructure clients, specifiers, designers, local highway authorities, 5. Rick Ashton, Total Bitumen, UK – Polymer Modified Bitumen Past Present and Future airport operators, consultants, materials suppliers, construction companies, contractors and educational institutions. 6. John Richardson, Colas Ltd, UK – Importance of bitumen emulsion spray for pavement performance

Supported by: 7. Tony Parry, NTEC, UK – Smart Phones and Pavements RSTA · Colas Ltd · Highways England · ASI Solutions Ltd · PTS Ltd · 8. Paul Sanders, Highways England, UK, UK – XAIS Ltd · AECOM · Jetpatcher Ltd · The Chartered Institution of Highways The new Specification Clause 936 for Pavements reinforced with Geosynthetics and Steel Meshes and Transportation (CIHT) · The Institution of Asphalt Technology (IAT) · The Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) 9. Gavin Jones, BSI, UK – Demystifying Standardisation and Product Standards

For more information please visit our website: The full preliminary conference programme will be advertised after receiving the abstracts from potential authors. https://www.ljmu.ac.uk/asphalt-pavement-conference Registration Fees: or contact the Conference Director Professor Hassan Al Nageim, Speaker = £275 (2 day), £200 (1 day) and Delegate = £290 (2 day), £200 (1 day) Email: [email protected] and Aaraf Al Kouzaay, *additional speaker/delegate from the same organisation = £200 (2 day), £150 (1 day) Email: [email protected], Tel: +44 (0) 151 231 2811. Exhibitor = £300 (2 day) and additional member with the main exhibitor = £100 Early bird registration fees before 10th February 2018 are offered at a 10% discounted rate and RSTA, CIHT, IAT, IHE, ICE members will Publications: benefit from a reduced registration fee of15% . The papers will be reviewed by the conference Scientific and Technical Registration online: http://buyonline.ljmu.ac.uk/conferences-and-events/ljmu/conferences/pavement-conference-2018 Board and published in the Conference Proceedings. For more information, list of accepted abstracts and preliminary conference programme, please visit conference website: Selected papers will also be refereed and published in a special issue https://www.ljmu.ac.uk/asphalt-pavement-conference| of the International Journal of Pavement Engineering and Asphalt Venue: Sensorcity, 31 Russell Street, Liverpool, L3 5LJ, www.sensorcity.co.uk Technology, ISSN 1464-8164. Key Dates Submission of abstract: 20 January 2018 Submission of full paper: 30 January 2018

THE CHARTERED INSTITUTION OF HIGHWAYS & TRANSPORTATION EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING

CIHT is looking to secure Chartered status NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that an 119 Britannia Walk, for the Transport Planning Professional EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING London N1 7JE (TPP) qualification. This status would of the Chartered Institution of Highways & By Order of the Board raise the profile of the transport planning Transportation will be held at 119 Britannia of Trustees profession and encourage more transport Walk on Wednesday 14 March 2018 at 16:00hrs. Sue Percy planners to apply for the award. Chief Executive AGENDA February 2018 Trustees are calling an Extraordinary 1. To receive the report from the Trustees, and General Meeting (EGM) on 14 March 2018 seek agreement, on proposed changes to to seek a resolution from members for the CIHT’s Charter in relation to the introduction necessary amendments to our Charter. of a Chartered title for the TPP qualification 2. To transact any other business If an agreement is reached at the EGM, then a petition for these amendments will Notes subsequently be submitted to the Privy 1. The Trustees report on the proposed Council. changes to CIHT’s Charter will be available online from 28 February 2018. Hard copies This EGM is for CIHT members only, please will be available on request from this date. confirm your attendance beforehand to If you would like to receive a copy please Jenny Tyler e: [email protected] email the Governance Team at or t: +44(0)20 7336 1557. [email protected] www.ciht.org.uk

managing traffic

Evolution of radical city thinking Ghent may only have 259,000 inhabitants but in Circulation Plan last April, when the city centre the 14th Century was one of the largest cities in was divided into six sectors to manage traffic Europe. With industrialisation 500 years later the movement and the pedestrianised zones were city became a centre for the cotton industry. doubled in size. As the city evolved, the population spread At one important intersection beside a canal out over a wide area and today its ring road in the city – previously popular with both cars encompasses a notably large area for the size of and cyclists – access for private vehicles has

conurbation. now been banned. Up to 800 cars used to pass  Ghent champions tranquil living JERROEN WILLEMS Twenty years ago Ghent introduced a through the intersection each hour, but now as pedestrian zone, banning through traffic from many as 1400 bikes an hour ride through the area be breaking the rules when behind the wheel in a the historic centre. “It was a huge success, every morning and evening. Red lines painted on pedestrian zone. despite some shopkeepers not agreeing at the the road remind approaching motorists that they Elsewhere in the city, junction priorities have beginning,” says the city’s strategic mobility are no longer allowed to pass that point. changed to favour the movement of cycles over planner Jan Gheldof. “But a couple of years ago Motorists who live in a pedestrianised area cars. Cycling through the city in December, TP we noticed a problem with through traffic and are permitted to drive to their homes. But some noticed how easy it was to get around by bike. But the Mayor decided it was time for a rethink in residents have started to display a sticker in cobbled streets in the centre were slippery in the terms of how traffic is regulated.” their windscreens to deflect unwarranted rain and care had to be taken to avoid getting your This rethink led to the introduction of Ghent’s criticism from other road users that they may front wheel lodged in one of many tram lines.

Ghent’s new Circulation Plan Could a circulation plan, like that seen in Ghent, work in large towns and cities in the UK? Antwerp   Bruges Laura Peacock City districts Innovation manager Brugse Poort Oxfordshire County Council Rabot This is a very interesting proposal. Whether R40 Coupure something similar would work in Oxford ring road Tolhuis requires more detailed consideration and Krook technical work, not least an understanding R40 Portus Ganda of the impact on the Oxford ‘Ring Road’ which already carries R4 large volumes of traffic and the A34 for a significant section. ring Car free areas road We are actively exploring options for further demand Rivers, canals management in Oxford city to stop general traffic moving through the centre. This includes consideration of a congestion charge and workplace parking levy, which would support and complement proposals for bus rapid transit, a step change in cycling and public realm and a city wide zero emission zone. Brussels  The Council is also collaborating with data aggregation and communication innovators to explore how we combine these > Ghent’s mobility team is confident for relatively small cities, like Ghent? new methods with demand management. that the Circulation Plan has notably Frank Vanden Bulcke does not think so. reduced vehicle movements and claims “Most of the things we are doing could Tony Ciaburro FCIHT also that bus patronage has risen by be exported to little cities, but also to Chief executive, SOCIETAL and former around 10% since last spring. big cities too,” he says. Northamptonshire County Council director But it will not know for sure how Northampton’s central area has evolved successful it has been in cutting traffic around an ancient street layout and is until this April, when a set of data is extremely sensitive to even the most minor published to mark the end of the plan’s incident or change in travel patterns. first year of implementation. We have what could once have been described as an ‘Inner But while vehicle use within Ring Road’ but decades of sporadic development has been such the central cordon is likely to have that it is now the key distributor road for most traffic entering or dropped, the city authority recognises leaving the central area and the town. also that some routes providing access It is already at capacity most of the time and is fed by a to and from the ring road may have number of heavily congested radial routes. For many motorists seen an increase in traffic. there is very little opportunity to vary their routes. Overall, the city is pleased with how Preventing traffic from travelling between local districts the Circulation Plan has performed. would have little effect on the central area congestion. However, But can a ban on vehicles travelling  More than a third of journeys in the city radical solutions such as Ghent’s are heading in the right through an urban centre work only are made by bike JERROEN WILLEMS direction and remind us that we have to be bold in our thinking.

February 2018 27 technical paper Length of trips by mode and the decrease in walking

Rates of walking are down, but only for journeys shorter than one mile, according to Kit Mitchell FCIHT who looks back at travel trends over the last three decades.

Introduction It is well documented that the amount people walk has reduced over the past 30 years, from 244 journeys per year in 1985/86 through to 198 in 2002 and to 184 in 2015. It is often believed that this is because people are using cars for journeys they previously made on foot. But that may only be partially correct, if at all. The annual National Travel Survey from the Department for Transport provides good data on the numbers of journeys of different lengths made by different modes (walk, cycle, bus, car, train) and for different purposes. Limited data goes back to 1972, with reasonably comprehensive data since 1995. Data was initially collected  Pedestrian the Survey gives a unique insight into only for those journeys shorter than every three years and annually since movements for how travel has changed since 1972. one mile. short journeys has 1988. There have been a number of fallen steadily since In addition, this paper analyses the The number of longer walk journeys breaks in the series and because of the mid 1980s length of journeys to understand the over one mile has increased slightly. It RAFAL OLKIS – falling response rates, data has been SHUTTERSTOCK change in the number of journeys also shows that short walk journeys weighted since 1995. And from 2013 made wholly on foot. have not become short car journeys, as the survey has only covered England the number of private journeys shorter instead of Great Britain. Journey numbers and modal split than one mile has reduced. Also, the 2016 National Travel Figure 1 shows the number of Figure 2 shows the modal shares of Survey analysed the recording of journeys on foot, by private transport journeys of different lengths by foot, short walks (50 yards to one mile) and (as a driver or passenger) and by local private transport and local bus. It is has increased its estimated number bus, in length bands of under one mile, clear that these have not changed of short walks. This paper, which is one to two miles and two to five miles. significantly between 1994/96 and 2015. concerned with trends, will not use This shows a reduction in the For journeys shorter than one mile, data for 2016. Despite these changes, number of journeys on foot, but 75% to 80% are made on foot.

250 90 80 200 70 1994/96 Walk 1994/96 60 Walk 2015 150 2002 All private 1994/96 2015 50 All private 2015 Local bus 1994/96 100 40 Local bus 2015 30 500 20 Journeys per year Journeys 10 % of journeys of given length of given % of journeys 0 <1 1 to 2 2 to 5 <1 1 to 2 2 to 5 <1 1 to 2 2 to 5 0 Walk All private Local bus 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Journey length, miles Journey length, miles  Figure 1: The number of walk, bus and private transport journeys by length  Figure 2: Modal shares of journeys of up to eight miles long NATIONAL TRAVEL SURVEY NATIONAL TRAVEL SURVEY

28 transportation professional technical paper

350 Trip length (miles) 60 Journey purpose Under 1 Shopping 300 50 1 to 2 Personal business 2 to 5 250 5 to 10 Education 40 10 to 25 Escort education 200 Other escort 30 150 Commuting Visiting friends at 20 100 private home Visiting friends 50 10 elsewhere Journeys per person per year per person Journeys Number of trips in length band Entertainment / 0 0 public activity 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 Year Year  Figure 3: Numbers of journeys by all modes in length bands  Figure 4: The number of journeys per person per year shorter than NATIONAL TRAVEL SURVEY one mile for various purposes NATIONAL TRAVEL SURVEY SPECIAL TABULATION

Changes in journey patterns For others such as shopping, Conclusion As the share of short journeys made on personal business and visiting friends The message is very clear. the foot, and the number of walk journeys at home, there have been large reduction in walking is limited to longer than one mile, have not reductions in the number of journeys. journeys shorter than one mile. This changed, the only explanation for the For a third group, which includes reduction is because of an overall overall reduction in journeys on foot is commuting and visiting friends not reduction in journeys under one mile, that the number of journeys under one at their home, there has been a small not due to short journeys switching mile by any mode must have reduced. reduction in the number of journeys. from walk to car. Dr Kit Mitchell, Figure 3 shows that this is indeed Former chairman The number of journeys shorter And 80% of the reduction in the case. The number of journeys of the CIHT than one mile reduced, on average, journeys shorter than one mile is shorter than one mile has been falling Transport Policy from 224 in 2002 to 173 in 2015. Of this due to reductions in the numbers Board steadily, from 335 in 1985/86 to 189 in reduction of 51 journeys, 31 were for of short journeys for shopping, Kit joined the 2015. The number between one and Road Research shopping or personal business, 11 personal business and visiting two miles has fluctuated between 174 Laboratory in 1970 for visiting friends at home, four for friends at home. and 204 journeys, and those between and from 1982 visiting friends elsewhere and four for This clearly has implications for was head of the two and five miles rose from 250 to 290, commuting. policies to increase walking which then Transport & and have now dropped back to Roads Research This suggests that the reduction in both the planning professionals and 254 journeys. Laboratory’s short journeys is mainly a result of those in transport need to consider. The reduction in short walking Environment reducing the use of local shops and They are relevant to how as a society Divison. He retired journeys is because we are making services and of making fewer local we plan ‘neighbourhoods’ and what from the Transport fewer short journeys, not that we are Research social visits. Whether this is because sense of ‘local community’ we may no longer walking when we make a Laboratory, as it the number of local shops, services wish to encourage. short journey. was then called, in and acquaintances has reduced, or 1994. One can speculate about the reasons that people are choosing to use a car to Acknowledgement for the reduction in the number of travel to more distant destinations, is This article has been peer reviewed by journeys shorter than one mile. One not known. the CIHT Sustainable Transport Panel. possibility is that there are fewer destinations within a mile. Another possible reason is that we are choosing to use a car to travel further to obtain a greater choice of destinations. The Department for Transport has provided a table from the National Travel Survey showing the number of journeys shorter than one mile for different purposes since 2002. Figure 4 shows these journey numbers for a variety of travel purposes. For some purposes such as education, escorting others to a place of education and for entertainment /  Short trips for public activity, the number of journeys shopping have per person per year has changed little fallen sharply ALICE-PHOTO – since 2002. SHUTTERSTOCK

February 2018 29 ciht news Members excel at professional review

Congratulations to all our members recognition of competence and successful you have to be motivated who successfully passed their commitment gives our members to put the effort in.” professional reviews through CIHT greater influence within their own She highlighted the benefits of at the end of last year. organisations and helps to raise undertaking regular ‘gap analysis’ The Institution offers routes to a professional standards across the alongside a mentor to identify areas number of qualifications including wider industry,” he said. where the candidate needs to gain CEng, IEng, EngTech and – alongside “I am delighted to have the more experience. Professional the Transport Planning Society – the opportunity to congratulate all of our development plans can then be put TPP qualification. newly qualified members on their in place to fill these gaps. CIHT President Andreas Markides fantastic achievement.” It is also important for members said: “Becoming professionally The next series of engineering to set professional qualification as a qualified is a major achievement for professional review interviews in the long term goal and to keep detailed people in our sector and we are UK will be held in June, followed by records of their career experiences  David Robertson IEng proud that so many members are October. TPP interviews are held in for use when collating their portfolio choosing to do this through CIHT.” May and November. of evidence, she said. profession from school, and spent He added that becoming qualified The first step for prospective Precious – who holds a PhD as well just over a year pulling together his demonstrates the successful candidates is to go through an initial as Masters and Undergraduate portfolio of evidence. candidate’s knowledge, expertise assessment that determines the degrees, and has made key He praised his two sponsors – and professional attitude that are route they should take towards their contributions to projects including CIHT Scotland vice chair Ross Spiers highly valued by employers, chosen qualification. – described her CEng and Dundee City Council’s head of colleagues and customers. For those taking the standard qualification as “one of my greatest bridges and structures Gary Brady – “Gaining this international route, the process involves piecing achievements”. She said: “When I for mentoring him through the together a comprehensive portfolio heard I had passed I was over the process. “One of the most useful of evidence demonstrating key moon with excitement; this was a things for me was taking mock career experiences, before long term goal for me and something interviews, which really help to polish appearing in front of a panel of I had always dreamed of.” your presentation skills,” he added. examiners for their interview. This Dundee City Council’s David Gary Brady congratulated David comprises a presentation about a Robertson MCIHT also achieved a on his success, and said: “Mentoring project the candidate has worked on professional qualification recently, is about providing guidance for followed by an extended discussion passing his IEng review. Doing so people to manage and develop their about their submission. was a prerequisite for securing his own skills progression. As well as Jacobs senior transport current job as an engineer in the assisting the individual’s consultant Dr Precious Ikem MCIHT council’s design and property development, this ultimately – who recently became a Chartered division infrastructure team. benefits the organisation.” Engineer – said: “Preparing for David has worked in transport for For more information email:  Dr Precious Ikem CEng review is a lot of work and to be over 20 years after joining the [email protected] Professional qualifications have recently been achieved by the following members:

Engineering Technician (EngTech) • Ruoyun Gao, Transport for London • Janvi Shah, Atkins • David Robertson, Dundee • Shaun Ali, Amey • Tee Hoe Giam, Mott MacDonald • Aftab Sindh Talpur, Egis Rail (Riyadh City Council • Stuart Guthrie, WSP Metro Transit Construction) • Jodie Robins, Aecom Chartered Engineer (CEng) • Iain Hamilton, Aecom • Sonia Smith, Amey • Stephen Scott, Amey • Syed Akhter, Aberdeen City Council • Precious Nene Ikem, Jacobs • Brendan Weaver, WSP • Robert Sheal, Atkins • Kwasi Ntirakwa Amoah, Royal • Craig Maiden, Amey HaskoningDHV • Deborah Makinde, Highways Incorporated Engineer (IEng) Transport Planning • Sean Bermingham, Peter Brett England • Michael Birkett, WSP Professional (TPP) Associates • Iain McKenzie, Welsh Government • Sean Liam Clifford, Amey • Claire Carr, Sweco • Sam Biney, Colas • John Phillips, Arcadis • Ben Gray, Waterman Aspen • Billy Parr, TfL • Oliver Brown, Amey • Demetris Psyllides, Markides • Colin Grzybowski, Fairhurst • Eamon Scullion, Arup • Daren Carr, Arup Associates • James Heathcote, Atkins • Rachel Thomas, Peter Brett • Kenn Clark, Aberdeenshire Council • Darren Salmons, Atkins • Paul McGeever, WSP Associates • Mark Cooper, CH2M • Anthony Sewell, PTS International • Darren Mitchell, Scotland Transerv • Donald Yell, Surrey County Council

President: These pages are edited by Copy to be considered for Andreas Markides FCIHT Steve Dale. To suggest stories publication in the next issue for CIHT News email: should be submitted by tel: 0207 336 1555 twitter: @CIHTUK Chief Executive: [email protected] Friday 21 February. email: [email protected] web: ciht.org.uk Sue Percy

30 transportation professional ciht news Event makes the case for transport

Effective transport networks make scenario in cities where a network a hugely positive contribution to grinds to a halt if cyclists and walkers society, a CIHT event in London know they can stop autonomous heard in December. But more efforts cars by pushing out in front of them,” are needed to understand and came one comment. “This might manage future disruptive trends to lead to a return to guard railing”. ensure that transport continues to It was also said that opportunities  Potential benefits and drawbacks of driverless cars were debated NISSAN deliver good outcomes for all. to engage in activities other than Six presentations from specialists driving in autonomous vehicles London, discussed the Mayor’s Policy Associates’ principal Ivan looking at developments in the would represent a huge change to ‘healthy streets’ approach and Viehoff discussed developments in sector were followed by a lively current thinking around transport explained that providing suitable transporting freight. roundtable discussion involving 24 planning. “Time savings would be shade and shelter on the street and CIHT’s director of technical affairs participants. worth less to people if they can use reducing road traffic noise were Andrew Hugill said: “CIHT sees at a The most pressing disruptive their time more productively,” one important areas of current thinking. wider level how making the case for issue to be debated was around participant said. Department for Transport’s economic growth requires making autonomous cars. It was suggested “They might be prepared for a economic advisor John Nava gave an investments into transport. At the that their introduction to cities could journey to take longer if they can get update on WebTAG used to appraise same time we see how transport can reduce both the need for parking and work done or have a rest.” wider economic impacts of schemes unlock other benefits, notably by the overall number of vehicle miles Prior to the discussion, the event and Transport for the North’s Tim improving peoples’ health if support travelled, especially if such vehicles heard from Professor Peter Jones Foster talked about how transport for walking and cycling is given.” were shared by multiple users. of University College London who networks are shaping people’s l Log in to the CIHT members’ But it was also argued that discussed findings from the EU decisions on where to live. area on the website to listen to autonomous vehicles may make it backed ‘Create’ project to tackle Highways England’s Jeremy the presentations: under the title less attractive to walk or cycle and urban congestion. Clarke spoke about development ‘conference presentations’. See also could lead to problems in shared Lucy Saunders, a public health of the second Road Investment a recent CIHT Podcast on Making spaces. “You could imagine a consultant with Transport for Strategy and Cambridge Economic the Case for Transport. Submissions invited for annual awards In brief

Entries are now open for the  The De Vere STREETS REVIEW: CIHT Awards 2018 which are due Grand Connaught Recommendations for Government Rooms will host to be presented in the ornate this year’s Awards and the industry on ways to surroundings of London’s De Vere ceremony improve the delivery of inclusive Grand Connaught Rooms venue on and accessible streets are featured Thursday 14 June. in a new review published by the The Awards celebrate excellence Institution. The document ‘Creating in the highways and transportation Better Streets’ is available to view at industry, rewarding the successes ciht.org.uk/stue of those working in the sector PRIZE STUDENTS: Congratulations and promoting examples of best • CIHT / Collaboration Award • CIHT Sustainability Award to Masters graduates Sarah Betts practice to a wide industry audience. • CIHT / Ringway Innovation Award • CIHT Asset Management Award and Jeffrey Howard of the University Sponsors this year include Colas, • CIHT Health & Safety at Work • CIHT Diversity & Inclusion Award of Westminster who received CIHT Costain, Department for Transport, Award • CIHT Inspirational Leadership Foundation dissertation prizes Ringway, Tarmac and WSP. • CIHT Major Projects Award Award at their graduation ceremony Submissions are being invited in • CIHT / Colas Skills Award • CIHT Young Professional Award in November. They received 15 categories and will be welcomed • CIHT / Costain Sustainable certificates and cheques for £125. until Friday 2 March, except in the Transport Award The event includes networking COUNCIL ELECTIONS: Members case of the CIHT Inspirational • CIHT Inclusive Transportation opportunities and a black tie and Fellows keen to influence change Leadership Award which closes on Award dinner ahead of the main awards within the industry are invited to put Wednesday 11 April. • CIHT Creating Better Places Award ceremony. their names forward for the 2018 Visit the CIHT website to view • CIHT / Department for Transport For general enquiries and booking Council Elections by 23 February judging criteria and details of how Technology Award email [email protected] or to via mi-nomination.com/ciht to submit entries in the following • CIHT John Smart Road Safety discuss sponsorship opportunities For more details call 0207 336 1557 categories: Award email [email protected] or email [email protected]

February 2018 31 ciht news Welsh schemes celebrated at ceremony

Efforts to deliver a 1.2km elevated dual Winner of the Gwreiddiau Cymru Wales Origins carriageway through Cardiff docks have been award was North Somerset Council’s South Bristol recognised by CIHT Cymru Wales, which named link road, delivered by Alun Griffiths Contractors the A4232 Eastern Bay Link ‘Transportation with Jacobs. The award celebrates schemes Project of the Year’ in November. that demonstrate the excellence of the Welsh The Welsh Government’s £57M project opened transportation sector outside of Wales. in June, creating a new connection through An initiative of Gwynedd Council and YGC to the docks that reduces congestion in the city encourage motorists to drive sensibly and respect and improves access to employment sites. school crossing patrol staff at Ysgol y Garnedd Also involved in the scheme were WSP, Parsons School received the Alun Griffiths Safety Award.

Brinkerhoff, Corderoy, TACP, and the The Transportation Geotechnics Award went  Cardiff’s Eastern Bay Link project completed Dawnus/Ferrovial Agroman JV. to the Welsh Government, YGC and Jones Bros last summer DAWNUS/FERROVIAL AGROMAN The Eastern Bay Link was one of several for advance works on the A55 Abergwyngregyn to projects to be recognised at the CIHT Cymru Tai’r Meibion upgrade in North Wales. Finally, Philippa Ivens of Arup won the Wales Awards Dinner, where winners received The judges also made two special merit awards Emerging Professional Award after she was named trophies from Chair Roddy Beynon and CIHT to the Llangefni Link Road and Colwyn Bay runner up in the Colas CIHT Presentation Award President Andreas Markides. Waterfront schemes. national final in London. The award for Environmental Sustainability A Certificate of Merit was presented to David Guest speaker for the evening was Welsh rugby Project of the Year went to Swansea City Council Meller – who was North Wales branch treasurer for star Shane Williams who regaled the audience with and Alun Griffiths Contractors’ Morfa Distributor many years – for his dedication and commitment stories of his time playing and also took the time Road scheme. As well as providing access to new to the Institution and for mentoring individuals to sign shirts and pictures for the guests. development sites, the road opens access to through their professional qualifications. He has The event was sponsored by Alun Griffiths the Tawe riverside and features environmental been the Cymru Wales regional vice treasurer Contractors, Corderoy, Jones Bros (Ruthin), improvements. since 2015. Hogan Construction and CH2M. Young professionals Qatar discusses sustainability network sets objectives CIHT’s Qatar Group hosted two speakers from the Qatar Green Valuable contributions that young supporting members with career Building Council in November to professionals can bring to CIHT progression. discuss the use of sustainable and wider industry debates will be Ed – who is a principal transport construction materials on projects. promoted through a new nationally planner with Mott MacDonald based Dr Cynthia Skelhorn explained how focused group set up by the in Leeds – added: “I see the Network sustainability practices are moving to Institution. as a forum for young professionals a ‘circular economy’ approach which The Young Professionals Network to engage with the big topics reduces waste. This can be achieved (YPN) was first announced in April currently facing the sector. It is about by identifying where material which last year and held its inaugural energising our younger members had previously gone to landfill can be meeting at Britannia Walk in and providing a focus for their ideas recycled or reused on schemes. November, attracting over 25 and feedback to be heard.” For instance in Qatar research on members from across the country. He also explained that the recycled aggregates has led to some The aim of this initial meeting was Network has set itself three core  YPN Chair Ed Downer of these materials being reused in to develop the terms of reference objectives beneath the headings roads. It was also said that materials for the group, which have now been ‘Engage’, ‘Enable’ and ‘Empower’. And finally the third objective – optimisation through the use of BIM put into a draft vision document. The first – Engage – represents Empower – will look to give young modelling can reduce waste. “We are seeking to build on the efforts to encourage younger professionals a role and a voice in Next, Dr Alex Amato explained success of CIHT’s Regional Young people including members and non- the governance and direction that the need to take a ‘life cycle’ Professionals groups and start members to attend and benefit from CIHT takes as a learned society and approach when looking at materials. looking at nationally significant CIHT initiatives. membership group. Discussing case studies, he noted agendas that affect the Institution’s The second – Enable – is about Involvement in the group will also that the extraction, transportation, younger members,” commented the providing younger members with provide an opportunity to network maintenance, recycling and disposal YPN’s founding chair Ed Downer. opportunities to help organise at a national level among a diverse of a material must be considered to Topics of interest are likely to and coordinate these initiatives, range of other professionals in the truly understand its impact. range from exploring the emerging including key events such as a early stages of their careers. CIHT Qatar is sponsored by role of technology in the industry, proposed YPN conference later For more information contact AECOM, DCE, Egis, Fugro, PAF, Seero, to tackling the skills agenda and this year. [email protected] TMS, and WSP.

32 transportation professional events

National events – CIHT and others CIHT Region events

For further event listings, visit ciht.org.uk/events Don’t forget, members can attend events in any region. Visit ciht.org.uk/events for full listings

Priorities for transport Developing England’s South West infrastructure in Northern Ireland road network Annual Conference and dinner 20 February, Belfast 22 February, London 22 February, Grand Hotel, Torbay Including a discussion on priorities Priorities for the second Road Road, Torquay for long term investment in Investment Strategy and a Major The conference will focus on the infrastructure post-Brexit. Road Network will be discussed. CIHT President’s theme ‘Creating policyforumforni.co.uk weetf.co.uk Better Places’. [email protected] MaaS Market – concept to delivery Sustainable Transport & Health  Rail electrification NETWORK RAIL 20 - 21 February, London 27 – 28 February, Portsmouth London Focusing on the rapid progress Portsmouth City Council’s innovative Next steps for funding Healthy streets – improving being made by Mobility as a Service approach to transport and public regional projects walkability projects across Europe. health collaboration will be a focus. 8 March, London 28 February, Arup, Fitzroy Street, maas-market.com [email protected] Focusing on the issues facing Local London Enterprise Partnerships and the role Arup’s Susan Claris will discuss how Asphalt, pavement engineering Transport-led development of Combined Authorities. ambitions to increase sustainable and infrastructure conference in the North of England westminsterforumprojects.co.uk travel can be achieved in the capital. 21 - 22 February, Liverpool 6 March, Manchester [email protected] Discussing developments in Examining opportunities to Accelerate Rail event pavement design, materials and transform the Northern economy 15 March, London highway asset management and through the delivery of new and Bringing together key industry maintenance. improved transport infrastructure. figures to contemplate the current ljmu.ac.uk waterfrontconferencecompany.com state of the UK’s rail sector. marketforce.eu.com Road safety conference 7 March, Coventry The future of An opportunity to explore and UK ports post-Brexit  Susan Claris debate the question: can road 27 March, London safety, public health and air quality Road and rail connectivity will be North East and Cumbria priorities support each other? discussed as well as the various Young professionals rospa.com challenges posed by Brexit. presentation evening weetf.co.uk 14 March, Northern Stage,  Materials science AECOM CIHT Annual Conference 2018 Newcastle, 5.30pm Lighting for transport and 8 March, Park Plaza Victoria, Transforming Cities This free event gives the Region’s infrastructure conference London 13 April, Leicester young members the chance to 22 February, London Change, innovation and the future Leading policy makers, stakeholders present to a professional audience. Discover innovative lighting solutions of highways will be the theme of this and practitioners will share ciht.org.uk for consideration on upcoming one day conference, which includes successful approaches to city transport projects. workshop sessions. regeneration. East Midlands bit.ly/2ziR4fu ciht.org.uk bit.ly/2zccSJO East Midland Gateway / A6 Kegworth Bypass 20 March, Yew Lodge Hotel, Packington Hill, Kegworth, 6pm International events A look at a proposed freight interchange and associated road Intertraffic exhibition Focusing on the adaptation of roads project. 20 - 23 March, Amsterdam and streets to future mobility and [email protected] A chance to meet hundreds of best practices in road maintenance. exhibitors and discover the latest pprs2018.com London trends in infrastructure, traffic Annual Dinner management and smart mobility. A digital era for transport 20 March, The Lansdowne Club, intertraffic.com 16 - 19 April, Vienna Berkeley Square, London, 6.30pm Exploring the impact of digital Guest speaker at this year’s event Pavement preservation technologies and automated and will be London’s walking and cycling and recycling summit low carbon vehicles on the sector. commissioner Will Norman. 26 - 28 March, Nice  Digital transport traconference.eu [email protected]

February 2018 33 ciht election list

The following people have been elected to the CIHT from 8 August - 10 November 2017

Fellow • Philip Moore • Yih Bing Eeh • Hannah Moore • Shahid Bhayat • Matthew James • Sonia Davidson- • Nicola Morris • Hassan ElGouhary • Jonathan Moore • Sasha Boland Gilliver Grant • Marny Moruzzi • John Esuman-Gwira • Siobhan Murphy • Shamaka • Jemma Gillman • Lindsay McGregor • Kenneth O’Hara • George Fenish • Jim Naylor Chandramohan • James Goss • Daniel Ruiz • Timothy Pharoah • Kowk Fai Fung • Alan Oliver • Ryan Curry • Sean Grant • Chris Sheppard • David Prior • Maria-Rosa Gallego • Rachael Oliver • Luis Diaz Gutierrez • Kieran Green • Nick Tyler • David Stones • Mario Gatti • Craig Park • Thomas Dove • James Harris • Nicholas Taylor • Lance Hancox • Ben Passmore • Christopher Duncan • Grace Honnor Transfer Member to • Christopher Young • Declan Haugh • Chun Pau • Ramon Espin • Ashley Hughes Fellow • Nick Howdle-Smith • Stephen Izquierdo • Matthew Jackson • Ikenna Akubueze Member • Paul Jackson • Heather Plummer • Diana Furtado • Brooke Knight • Haydar Al-Rukabi • Harold Alberto • Wael Jamous • Hazel Reid • David Heard • Simon Knox • Olukayode Anibaba • Dennis Alima • Jasvinder Jawanda • Chris Riley • Tom Holian • Hussein Lambat • Michael Barratt • Robert Amey • Agnieszka Jezierska • Emile Roberts • Naomi Malkin • Kyle Line • Nicholas Bebb • Kow Amissah- • Dylan Jones • Sathananthan • Lewis McAuliffe • James Longley • Peter Caillard Koomson • Hannah Jones Saenthan • Matteo Novati • Joe Lungley • Claire Carr • Raphael Apriou • Hermanus Joubert • Shalini Sharma • Samuel Oswald • Robert Magill • Richard Carr • Richard Askew • Jwan Kamla • Hannah Shewan- • David Pearce • Izaak Makwana • John Dyer • Matthew Barber • Mark Kelly Friend • Gaelle Samaha • Lewis Malin • Peter Foster • Sophie Best • Lewis Kenworthy • Kam Leong Siew • Claire Stapenhill • Joshua Manning • Julia Gilles • Nick Brennan • Saima Khan • Dominic Smith • James Stokes • Abigail Mason • Andrew Hugill • Alexandra Bulmer • Kieran Kincaid • Ian Smith • Yan Sun • Christan Maxwell • Kamiran Ibrahim • Sean Clifford • Benny Lee • Zoe Smith • Tara Tanoz-Sargeant • Olivia Meacham • Daniel Jackson • Jamie Clift • Barry Lennie • Bruce Spencer-Knott • Callum Newell • Philip Jones • Jodie Colclough • Phillip Lewis • Dominik Stansby Graduate • Zubair Novsarka • Matthew Lewis • Martin Devitt • Bin Luo • Richard Storey • Khaled Abeolenen • Jordan O’Loughlin • Glenn Lyons • Tomas Dryburgh • Hasher Mahnavi • Craig Sutherland • Jodie Allan • Jack Pope • Andrew Mayo • Samuel Eaves • Ghulam Mirza • Nathan Thomas • Calum Brown • David Powell • Ed Thompson • Jack Clarke-Williams • Barinedum Precious • James Webb • Calum Davidson • Ben Rolph • Michael Welsh • Rebecca Harrison • Erin Ruddy • Ian Wharton • Natacha Johnson • Alyssia Samra • Benjamin Whyman • Sara Lepidi • Bobby Savage • Yuen Yi Wong • Sarah McDonagh • Aaron Schofield Cymru Wales • Arren Yates • William David Moore • Freddie Seal • Sui King Yu • Rosemary Ovensehi • Jon Smith • Matthew • Peter Still Invitation to the Transfer Associate to Shuttleworth • Geordan Stout Member • Dafydd Rhys Thomas • Adam Szplit Cymru Wales Region • Shaun Ali • Katie Todd • Olivia Thomas • Christopher Clark • Thomas Vidori • Joshua Tuckwell Annual Dinner • Dexter David • Harriet Wingfield • Daniel Turner Friday 2 March 2018, Hilton Cardiff, 19.00 • Max Deeble • Liam Winter • Melanie Dobson Apprentice • Megan Woodhouse • Samuel Fleming • Andi Adams • Bradley Youngman Dear Colleague, • Sarah Hoad • Joseph Adams I am delighted to invite you to this year’s • Alexandra Istrati • Ellie Atkinson Transfer Student to CIHT Annual Dinner in South Wales. • Glen McAdam • Muhammad Azizi Member Meet with other CIHT members, colleagues, • Laura Menendez Azizan • Adnan Zameer clients and like minded professionals at our Gonzalez • Ryan Bajwa • Kerr Archibald principal event of the year in South Wales. • Jamie-Joe • James Beaumont • Oliver Chau Date: Friday 2 March 2018 Narborough • Stephen Bennett • Andrew Yengo Time: 19:00 for 19:45 start • Hannah Norman • Jack Brett Diansangu Venue: Hilton Cardiff, Kingsway, • Alexander Thomas • Krzysztof • Dorota Dys Cardiff CF10 3HH Broniszewski • Mario George Price: General - £85; Associate • Sam Brown • Sarah Jackson Students/Retired/ • Stephanie Barton • Liam Butler • Clare Linton Unemployed - £45 • Ian Blackie • Euan Carlin • Lucy Nightingale • Eleanor Bunn • Rahim Chowdhury • Andrew Waters Dress code: Black Tie • Rachel Nixon • Hamish Chudley • Alastair Weir RSVP: Send replies to Claudia • Davide Respini • Ella-Mae Clayton • Tsang Yik Currie by email to • William Taylor • Scott Cooper claudia.currie@ gov.wales • Jonathan Cowdrey Transfer Student to Transfer Graduate to • Matt Derrington Graduate If you’ve got any special dietary Member • Rory Doherty • Tomas Bande requirements please let Claudia know • Lindy Allembert- • Dylan Drummond Sanchez when you RSVP. Louis • Jacob Flower • Callan Burchell Sion Williams • Lawrence Amodoi • Henry Fox • Jimoh Ibrahim Chair CIHT Cymru Wales Region www.ciht.org.uk/wales Alongu • Oliver Gallagher • Adnan Zameer

34 transportation professional recruitment / directory

NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE COMMISSION FOR WALES CHAIRPERSON Remuneration - £400 per day plus reasonable expenses Time Commitment – 5 days per month COMMISSIONERS Remuneration - £300 per day plus reasonable expenses Time Commitment – 2 days per month Number of Appointments - 11 The Welsh Government has established a National Infrastructure Commission for Wales (NICfW) to support independent, better informed advice on a longer-term strategy of infrastructure investment, which enshrines the principles of the Well- being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015. The NICfW is a non-statutory, advisory body. Its remit is to focus on the economic and environmental infrastructure needs of Wales over 5 – 30 years. For further details and to apply go to www.gov.wales/ publicappointments or for queries contact the Shared Service Helpdesk on 03000 255454 or email [email protected] The closing date for applications 25 February 2018

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