DDG-51 Engineering Training How Simulators Can Help

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This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND PDFs to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND PDFs are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND monographs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. DDG-51 Engineering Training How Simulators Can Help Roland J. Yardley, James G. Kallimani, Laurence Smallman, Clifford A. Grammich Prepared for the United States Navy Approved for public release; distribution unlimited NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH INSTITUTE The research described in this report was prepared for the United States Navy. The research was conducted in the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Department of the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the defense Intelligence Community under Contract W74V8H-06-C-0002. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. 978-0-8330-4729-8 The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research organization providing objective analysis and effective solutions that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors around the world. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. R® is a registered trademark. Cover photo courtesy of Finn Kilsgaard/Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division, Surface Systems © Copyright 2009 RAND Corporation Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Copies may not be duplicated for commercial purposes. Unauthorized posting of RAND documents to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND documents are protected under copyright law. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit the RAND permissions page (http://www.rand.org/publications/permissions.html). Published 2009 by the RAND Corporation 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2665 RAND URL: http://www.rand.org To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Email: [email protected] Preface U.S. Navy surface combatant crews undergo extensive and rigorous training to operate their ships. The training needs are challenging for crews on DDG-51–class destroyers, the most numerous ships among the surface ship combatants, and specifically for engineers on these craft. Much of this training is done underway, but most can be done in port or on simulators at considerable savings. The Director, Assessment Division (OPNAV N81) therefore asked the RAND Corporation to examine the training requirements for DDG-51 engineering watchstanders, specifically, how available engineering simulation technology might be adapted for use by DDG-51–class ship crews and what policies and resources could help increase the use of simulators for engineering training. This monograph reports our findings. It should interest those concerned with the training and readiness of Navy surface combatants, including members of the Fleet Forces Command, the Type Commander, and the broader defense operational planning and budgeting community. This research was sponsored by OPNAV N81 and conducted within the Acquisition and Technology Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combat Commands, the Department of the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the defense Intelligence Community. For more information about this work, contact Roland Yardley. He can be reached by email at [email protected] or by phone at iii iv DDG-51 Engineering Training 703-413-1100, extension 5578. For information on RAND’s Acquisi- tion and Technology Policy Center, contact the Director, Philip Antón. He can be reached by email at [email protected]; by phone at 310-393-0411, extension 7798; or by mail at the RAND Corpo- ration, 1776 Main Street, P. O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, California 90407-2138. More information about RAND is available at www.rand.org. Contents Preface ............................................................................. iii Figures ............................................................................. ix Tables .............................................................................. xi Summary .........................................................................xiii Acknowledgments ............................................................ xxiii Abbreviations ................................................................... xxv CHaptER ONE Introduction ....................................................................... 1 CHaptER TWO DDG-51 Engineering Watch Organization and Training Requirements ................................................................. 5 Engineering Watch Organization ................................................ 5 Evaluating Watchstanders ......................................................... 7 Training Requirements ............................................................ 8 Individual Personnel Qualifications ............................................. 9 Engineering Team Training Requirements ................................... 9 Evolutions ........................................................................10 Engineering Casualty Control Drills .........................................11 Performing Drills in Port .........................................................13 Engineering Watchstanders ......................................................15 v vi DDG-51 Engineering Training CHaptER THREE Engineering Training Performed by DDG-51s During Unit-Level Training ......................................................................17 Performance Data .................................................................19 Performance on Evolutions ....................................................19 Engineering Casualty Control Drill Proficiency ............................21 Causes for Failure .................................................................25 Engineering Training Team .................................................... 27 How Can These Challenges Be Addressed by Simulators? .................. 28 CHaptER FouR What Simulators Are Available? ..............................................31 SWOS Engineering Simulators Can Be Used to Train CCS Watchstanders ................................................................31 DDG-51 Desktop Simulator ..................................................32 DDG-51 Console Trainer ..................................................... 34 SWOS Simulators Can Be Used to Train DDG-51 CCS Watchstanders ............................................................. 36 Simulators Can Help Engineers Increase Proficiency ........................ 40 Plans for Backfitting and Use of Engineering Embedded Trainers ........ 42 CHaptER FIVE Pros and Cons of an Engineering Simulator ...............................45 Potential Benefits and Shortcomings of an Engineering Simulator System .........................................................................45 Evaluation of Training Options—At Sea, Pierside, or Shore-Based ........47 Factors That Affect the Use and Acquisition of Simulators ..................47 CHaptER SIX Resourcing and Policy Changes Needed ....................................53 Resourcing Needed ...............................................................53 Policy Changes Needed ..........................................................55 CHaptER SEVEN Findings and Observations ....................................................57 Steps to Take Now ................................................................59 Policy Changes Needed ..........................................................59

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