The USS Monitor: in Situ Preservation and Recovery John D
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Navy Columbia-Class Ballistic Missile Submarine Program
Navy Columbia (SSBN-826) Class Ballistic Missile Submarine Program: Background and Issues for Congress Updated September 14, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41129 Navy Columbia (SSBN-826) Class Ballistic Missile Submarine Program Summary The Navy’s Columbia (SSBN-826) class ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) program is a program to design and build a class of 12 new SSBNs to replace the Navy’s current force of 14 aging Ohio-class SSBNs. Since 2013, the Navy has consistently identified the Columbia-class program as the Navy’s top priority program. The Navy procured the first Columbia-class boat in FY2021 and wants to procure the second boat in the class in FY2024. The Navy’s proposed FY2022 budget requests $3,003.0 (i.e., $3.0 billion) in procurement funding for the first Columbia-class boat and $1,644.0 million (i.e., about $1.6 billion) in advance procurement (AP) funding for the second boat, for a combined FY2022 procurement and AP funding request of $4,647.0 million (i.e., about $4.6 billion). The Navy’s FY2022 budget submission estimates the procurement cost of the first Columbia- class boat at $15,030.5 million (i.e., about $15.0 billion) in then-year dollars, including $6,557.6 million (i.e., about $6.60 billion) in costs for plans, meaning (essentially) the detail design/nonrecurring engineering (DD/NRE) costs for the Columbia class. (It is a long-standing Navy budgetary practice to incorporate the DD/NRE costs for a new class of ship into the total procurement cost of the first ship in the class.) Excluding costs for plans, the estimated hands-on construction cost of the first ship is $8,473.0 million (i.e., about $8.5 billion). -
Draft Interpretive Master Plan Technical Support Manual - Vol
FORT MONROE DRAFT INTERPRETIVE MASTER PLAN TECHNICAL SUPPORT MANUAL - VOL. 1 PROJECT #: FMFADA -101-2009 Submitted to the: By: Fort Monroe Federal Area Development Authority Interpretive Solutions, Inc. West Chester, PA 19382 Old Quarters #1 151 Bernard Road In association with: Fort Monroe, VA 23651 Leisure Business Advisors, LLC Richmond, VA 23223 and Trudy O’Reilly Public Relations JUNE 24, 2010 Hampton, VA 23661 Cover illustration credit: "Fortress Monroe, Va. and its vicinity". Jacob Wells, 1865. Publisher: Virtue & Co. Courtesy the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library Fort Monroe Interpretive Master Plan Technical Support Manual June 24, 2010 Interpretive Solutions, Inc. FORT MONROE DRAFT INTERPRETIVE MASTER PLAN TECHNICAL SUPPORT MANUAL Table of Contents Executive Summary . 6 Three Urgent Needs . 7 Part 1: Introduction . 8 1.1. Legislative Powers of the Fort Monroe Authority . 9 1.2. The Programmatic Agreement . 9 1.3 Strategic Goals, Mission and Purpose of the FMA . 10 1.3 The Interpretive Master Plan . 10 1.3.1 Project Background . 11 1.3.2 The National Park Service Planning Model . 12 1.3.3 Phased Approach . 13 1.3.4 Planning Team Overview . 13 1.3.5 Public Participation . 14 Part 2: Background . 16 2.1 The Hampton Roads Setting . 16 2.2 Description of the Resource . 17 2.3 Brief Historical Overview . 19 2.4 Prior Planning . 22 2.5 The Natural Resources Working Group . 22 2.6. The African American Culture Working Group . 22 Part 3: Foundation for Planning . 24 3.1 Significance of Fort Monroe . 24 3.2 Primary Interpretive Themes . -
Fuller Article
A Global Forum for Naval Historical Scholarship International Journal of Naval History December 2005 Volume 4 Number 3 “A portentous spectacle”: The Monitor U.S.S. Miantonomoh Visits England Howard J. Fuller University of Wolverhampton United Kingdom [PICTURE 1/Oscar Parkes painting (Photo# NH 59544)] Can a single man-o’-war make a difference—in peacetime? Perhaps, if it is the right ship at the right place at the right time. A recent BBC series recreating the mid 18th- century Pacific voyages of Captain Cook, successfully demonstrated in this regard that H.M.S. Endeavour certainly made a difference; to the people who sent her around the world, to the people who saw her coming in off the horizon, billowing and bright, and to wider events and developments which those people could only imagine—and which historians ever since have sought to understand.[1] One might also mention the transpolar voyage of the U.S.S. Nautilus, nearly 200 years after Cook; not so much a mission of exploration and oceanography but a historic display of shipboard nuclear power and potential nevertheless; a 19th century dream, or nightmare, come true.[2] Indeed Jules Verne’s Captain Nemo was well aware that his own Nautilus could not just tip but completely topple the surface world’s ‘balance of power’ at sea, with predictable results. As the captive narrator of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea exclaimed: Of course, everyone now knew what the supposed monster had turned out to be….a submarine, far more dangerous than a monstrous whale. …Doubtless, everywhere at sea, this fearful engine of destruction was being pursued. -
The Navy in the Civil
The Navies of the Civil War Overview Anderson, Bern. By Sea and by River: the Naval History of the Civil War. New York: Knopf, 1962. F834 A545b Hearn, Chester G. Naval battles of the Civil War. San Diego: Thunder Bay Press, 2000. UN834 H436n 2000 Oversized Material Porter, David D. The Naval History of the Civil War. New York: Sherman Publishing Co., 1886. F834 P84n Union Joiner, Gary D. Mr. Lincoln’s Brown Water Navy: the Mississippi Squadron. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2007. UN834 J74m Merrill, James M. The Rebel Shore: the Story of Union Sea Power in the Civil War. Boston: Little, Brown, 1957. F834 M571r Taaffe, Stephen R. Commanding Lincoln's Navy: Union Naval Leadership During the Civil War. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2009. UN834 T111c Confederacy Campbell, R. Thomas, editor. Voices of the Confederate Navy: Articles, Letters, Reports, and Reminiscences. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2008. UN861 V889 Hearn, Chester G. Gray Raiders of the Sea: How Eight Confederate Warships Destroyed the Union's High Seas Commerce. Camden, Maine: International Marine Publishing, 1992. F834z H436g Scharf, J. Thomas. History of Confederate States Navy from Its Organization to the Surrender of Its Last Vessel. Albany, New York: Joseph McDonough, 1894. F834z S31h 1894 Gunboats Walke, Henry. Naval Scenes on the Western Waters. The gunboats Taylor, Carondelet and Lafayette. [S.l., 187-?] F8347 N318 Gosnell, Harpur Allen. Guns on the Western Waters: the Story of River Gunboats in the Civil War. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, [1949]. F834 G677g Joyner, Elizabeth Hoxie. The USS Cairo: History and Artifacts of a Civil War Gunboat. -
China's Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations
China’s Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations The modular transfer system between a Type 054A frigate and a COSCO container ship during China’s first military-civil UNREP. Source: “重大突破!民船为海军水面舰艇实施干货补给 [Breakthrough! Civil Ships Implement Dry Cargo Supply for Naval Surface Ships],” Guancha, November 15, 2019 Primary author: Chad Peltier Supporting analysts: Tate Nurkin and Sean O’Connor Disclaimer: This research report was prepared at the request of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission's website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.-China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 113-291. However, it does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission or any individual Commissioner of the views or conclusions expressed in this commissioned research report. 1 Contents Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 4 Methodology, Scope, and Study Limitations ........................................................................................................ 6 1. China’s Expeditionary Operations -
Naval Postgraduate School Thesis
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS A STUDY OF THE RUSSIAN ACQUISITION OF THE FRENCH MISTRAL AMPHIBIOUS ASSAULT WARSHIPS by Patrick Thomas Baker June 2011 Thesis Advisor: Mikhail Tsypkin Second Reader: Douglas Porch Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2011 Master‘s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS A Study of the Russian Acquisition of the French Mistral Amphibious Assault Warships 6. AUTHOR(S) Patrick Thomas Baker 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. -
JP 3-02.1 Joint Doctrine for Landing Forces Operations
JOINT PUB 3-02.1 JOINT DOCTRINE FOR LANDING FORCE OPERATIONS 1 NOVEMBER 1989 Reply Zip Code: JCS TEST PUB 3-02.1 20318-7000 1 November 1989 MEMORANDUM FOR: Distribution List Subject: JCS Test Pub 3-02.1, Joint Doctrine for Landing Force Operations 1. This test publication contains proposed joint doctrine to guide the activities and employment of the Armed Forces of the United States when two or more Services, or Service elements, acting as part of or in support of a joint force, conduct landing force operations. 2. JCS test publications are developed and issued in accordance with JCS Pub 1-01. This test publication has been staffed with the Services and unified and specified commands. It is now ready to undergo evaluation in the field. After a thorough evaluation is accomplished, and feedback from the field and the evaluation process is considered, the publication will be implemented under the provisions of JCS MOP 197. MALCOLM B. ARMSTRONG Major General, USAF Director for Operational Plans and Interoperability Attachment JCS TEST PUBLICATION 3-02.1 Distribution: By Director, Operational Plans and Interoperability (J-7), Joint Staff, Washington, D.C. 20318-7000 Joint Staff DIA US Coast Guard Five Copies each to: Offices of CSA, CNO, CSAF, CMC Four copies each to: USCINCLANT USCINCEUR CINCSAC CINCFOR USCINCCENT USCINCSOC USCINCTRANS USCINCPAC USCINCSO USCINCSPACE Additional copies may be obtained from the Joint Doctrine and Education Division (JDED), Operational Plans and Interoperability Directorate (J-7), Joint Staff, Washington, D.C. 20318-7000. ii RECORD OF CHANGES FOR JCS TEST PUB 3-02.1 (JOINT DOCTRINE FOR LANDING FORCE OPERATIONS) RECORD OF CHANGES CHANGE COPY DATE OF DATE POST NUMBER NUMBER CHANGE ENTERED BY REMARKS While this publication is in the "test pub" stage, change recommendations should be submitted through the chain of command to the Joint Doctrine and Education Division, Operational Plans and Interoperability Directorate (J-7), Joint Staff, Washington, D.C. -
Fixed Sonar Systems the History and Future of The
THE SUBMARINE REVIEW FIXED SONAR SYSTEMS THE HISTORY AND FUTURE OF THE UNDEWATER SILENT SENTINEL by LT John Howard, United States Navy Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Undersea Warfare Department Executive Summary One of the most challenging aspects of Anti-Submarine War- fare (ASW) has been the detection and tracking of submerged contacts. One of the most successful means of achieving this goal was the Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) developed by the United States Navy in the early 1950's. It was designed using breakthrough discoveries of the propagation paths of sound through water and intended to monitor the growing submarine threat of the Soviet Union. SOSUS provided cueing of transiting Soviet submarines to allow for optimal positioning of U.S. ASW forces for tracking and prosecution of these underwater threats. SOSUS took on an even greater national security role with the advent of submarine launched ballistic missiles, ensuring that U.S. forces were aware of these strategic liabilities in case hostilities were ever to erupt between the two superpowers. With the end of the Cold War, SOSUS has undergone a number of changes in its utilization, but is finding itself no less relevant as an asset against the growing number of modern quiet submarines proliferating around the world. Introduction For millennia, humans seeking to better defend themselves have set up observation posts along the ingress routes to their key strongholds. This could consist of something as simple as a person hidden in a tree, to extensive networks of towers communicating 1 APRIL 2011 THE SUBMARINE REVIEW with signal fires. -
John Ericsson Letter on Caloric Engines, 1858 January 25 MS0464
Guide to the John Ericsson Letter on Caloric Engines, 1858 January 25 MS0464 The Mariners' Museum Library At Christopher Newport University Contact Information: The Mariners' Museum Library 100 Museum Drive Newport News, VA 23606 Phone: (757) 591-7782 Fax: (757) 591-7310 Email: [email protected] URL: www.MarinersMuseum.org/library Processed by Bill Edwards-Bodmer, April 2010 DESCRIPTIVE SUMMARY Repository: The Mariners' Museum Library Title: John Ericsson Letter on Caloric Engines Inclusive Dates: 1858 January 25 Catalog number: MS0464 Physical Characteristics: 1 letter (correspondence) Language: English Creator: Ericsson, John, 1803-1889 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH John Ericsson was born in the province of Vermland, Sweden, on July 31, 1803. The son of a mining engineer, Ericsson showed an early interest in mechanics. By the age of ten, he had designed and constructed a miniature sawmill and by 13, he was a cadet in the Swedish navy. By the age of 17, he entered the Swedish army, joining as an ensign in the 23rd. Corps, a specialized engineering unit for the army. While serving in the army, Ericsson became interested in steam engines and developed the theory for his caloric engine, which operated on the principle that air heated to very high temperature could be used to drive engines. In 1826 Ericsson published a paper on his work to develop a caloric engine. That year he demonstrated his invention to the British Society of Civil Engineers. Although the engine failed in the demonstration, Ericsson impressed the English engineer John Braithwaite. Braithwaite was impressed with the young Swede's determination and offered him a position as a partner in his firm. -
Name: Edhelper Naval Changes in the War
Name: edHelper Naval Changes in the War When the Civil War began, it did not just affect the army, but the navy as well. When the war began, naval battles were fought in wooden ships. In months, though, they were experimenting with ironclad ships, submarines, and torpedoes. Perhaps the most well known ironclad ships were the Merrimac and the Monitor. Ironclads were so named because of the iron plates which covered the parts of the ship above the water. The Merrimac was a Union ship that had been burned and sunk. The Confederates raised her and used the hull as the basis for their new ironclad warship. She was renamed the C.S.S. Virginia, but was still known as the Merrimac. She rode low in the water which made her hard to steer. However, she was well built, and her crew was determined to show it. On March 8, 1862, the Merrimac sailed up the James River and attacked the blockaded ships at Hampton Roads. She rammed and sunk the steamship Cumberland and then attacked the frigate Congress. Cannon balls bounced off of the Merrimac and seemed to do no harm. The next day, the U.S.S. Monitor arrived to protect the Union ships. She was determined to stop the Merrimac from sinking more ships. She was faster and easier to maneuver, but the Merrimac was bigger, stronger, and carried more guns. The two ironclads began fighting it out. They fired their cannons back and forth at each other. The Merrimac tried ramming the Monitor, but her iron ram had broken off the day before. -
U.S.S. Monitor Monitor National Marine Sanctuary
National Marine Sanctuaries National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S.S. Monitor Monitor National Marine Sanctuary In March 1862, the Monitor was ordered to the Hampton Roads area of Virginia to protect the federal fleet and the Union blockade. On March 9, iron met iron for the first time in naval history (portrayed below). After a four-hour battle against the Confederate ironclad, CSS Virginia, the battle ended in a draw with neither vessel inflicting serious damage to the other. Although the two vessels would never meet in battle again, their encounter had immediate effects on navies around the world. Construction of wooden-hulled ships was halted and rotating gun turrets became the standard. The Blueprints that Changed Naval Warfare The USS Monitor presented a new concept in ship design with a variety of he Monitor has been called the most famous ship in American history. Building iron ships was not in itself revolutionary new inventions and innovations. Two T in the 1800s, but Swedish-American engineer John Ericsson suggested the use of iron as a protective plate rather than important features that revolutionized simply as a building material. He presented a conceptual design of a steam-powered, ironclad ship with a rotating gun naval warfare were the iron plating turret to the U.S. Navy and promised to build it in 100 days. On January 30, 1862, just 98 days after the keel was laid, the USS Monitor (above left) and the rotating gun turret launched from Greenpoint, Brooklyn, N.Y. (right). Iron plating made ships less penetrable by the more powerful guns developed. -
JP 3-02.1, Joint Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Landing Force
Joint Publication 3-02.1 Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Landing Force Operations 11 May 2004 PREFACE 1. Scope This publication establishes doctrine and joint tactics, techniques, and procedures (JTTP) for all phases of planning and conducting joint amphibious operations from the perspective of the landing force. It addresses unique landing force operations, including planning, ship-to- shore movement, and fire support. It also covers the organization, command and control, and related operations of the landing force and its major components. 2. Purpose This publication has been prepared under the direction of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It sets forth doctrine and selected JTTP to govern the joint activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the United States in joint operations and provides the doctrinal basis for US military involvement in multinational and interagency operations. It provides military guidance for the exercise of authority by combatant commanders and other joint force commanders (JFCs) and prescribes doctrine and selected tactics, techniques, and procedures for joint operations and training. It provides military guidance for use by the Armed Forces in preparing their appropriate plans. It is not the intent of this publication to restrict the authority of the JFC from organizing the force and executing the mission in a manner the JFC deems most appropriate to ensure unity of effort in the accomplishment of the overall mission. 3. Application a. Doctrine and selected tactics, techniques, and procedures and guidance established in this publication apply to the commanders of combatant commands, subunified commands, joint task forces, and subordinate components of these commands.