MARINE MILESTONES REPORT 2012/13 MARINE POLICY

SCOTTISH RENEWABLES: MARINE MILESTONES REPORT 2012/13

SCOTLAND - THE HOME OF WAVE AND TIDAL ENERGY

As home to the world’s first consented tidal array, the world’s largest consented wave array and the European Marine Energy Centre - where more grid - connected marine energy converters have been deployed than any other single site around the globe - has worked hard to earn her place at the front of the global ocean energy race.

Between August 2012 and September 2013, the finally achieved greater recognition in European energy industry has seen some important developments, we policy; and the UK’s first dedicated wave energy support have witnessed the highest level of investment yet scheme was launched. Importantly, we have also seen into the sector, with major OEMs such as ABB, Alstom some exciting advances in project and technology and Siemens joining the industry; marine energy has development over the past 12 months.

These developments move Scotland’s marine energy industry ever closer to the deployment of full - scale commercial arrays, proving wave and tidal energy can be a major player in our transition to a low carbon economy.

The Scottish Renewables Marine Milestones Report highlights the industry’s achievements over the last year, as well as identifying priorities for future development.

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EMEC: 10 YEAR ANNIVERSARY

Established in Orkney in 2003, this year marks The European Marine Energy Centre’s (EMEC) 10th anniversary. With test sites based throughout Orkney, EMEC is still the world’s only accredited, full-scale open-sea test facility for wave and tidal energy converters, and has supported the deployment of more grid connected devices at its sites than at any other single location in the world. Throughout the last decade some of the most innovative marine energy technologies on the planet have been put through their paces at EMEC, overcoming some tremendous challenges rarely faced by other industries.

The centre, which started off with just four wave test with EMEC’s clients injecting approximately £1m per berths at Billia Croo on the west coast of the Orkney device into the local economy. Staffing at EMEC has mainland, has expanded considerably since its almost doubled during the past three years, with the beginnings. It now operates six grid connected wave centre now employing over 20 people. test berths at Billia Croo, and eight tidal test berths at the Fall of Warness, off the island of Eday. Two smaller- Instrumental in the creation of international standards for wave and tidal testing, and having participated in scale wave and tidal test sites have also been developed numerous industry-focused research projects, EMEC’s for device, technique and component testing in less knowledge and expertise in the marine energy field challenging sea conditions. continues to be highly sought after. As well as facilitating the development of the marine energy industry in Scotland, staff from the Stromness headquartered facility are also assisting with the development of marine energy testing centres around the world, with alliances already in place with Canada, USA, Japan, China, Taiwan and South Korea.

Full scale wave test site, Billia Croo, Stromness DEVELOPER DEVICE CAPACITY Ltd Oyster 800 800 kW Pelamis P2 750 kW ScottishPower Renewables P2 750 kW Seatricity Oceanus 800 kW Wello Oy Penguin 500 kW With 11 wave and tidal devices being tested in Orkney Full scale tidal test site, Fall of Warness, Eday ANDRITZ Hydro Hammerfest waters today, EMEC’s presence has sparked the growth HS1000 1MW OpenHydro Open Centre Turbine 250kW of an entirely new industry in Orkney, with increasing Tidal Generation Ltd (Alstom) DeepGen 1MW numbers of local businesses now diversifying into the Voith Hydro HyTide 1MW marine renewables sector. Recent figures show that Scale tidal test site, Shapinsay Sound marine energy supports around 250 jobs in the islands, Nautricity CoRMaT -

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Technology or Project Name: ScottishPower Renewables Pelamis P2

DEVICE TYPE: OFFSHORE WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER CAPACITY: 750KW PER DEVICE

Highlights of 2012/13 The two Pelamis P2 machines operating at EMEC have now experienced around 90% of sea state occurrences for an average year, including seas of significant wave heights of up to five metres, including individual waves of over nine metres. The combined P2 test programme has now accumulated 7,500 grid connected operating hours within a progressive work-up testing programme, and has exported 160 MWh of electricity to the national grid.

The ScottishPower Renewables owned machine celebrated one year of robust testing since first being installed in May 2012. The power performance has increased throughout the testing period and demonstrations of further improvements are anticipated through control optimisation which could double that number as targeted for the next stage of the project.

Objectives and priorities for Both Pelamis machines will continue in the progressive test programme at EMEC, increasing the wealth of information 2013/14 generated from real sea operations. During the next stage of the project, optimisation of the machine controls are anticipated to result in further improvements to generation and output capability.

Additional information: Technology development continues at Pelamis with work on the enhanced P2, the ‘P2e’. This work has been supported by the Energy Technologies Institute, which has funded a project allowing Pelamis to pursue a number of technology innovations to rapidly drive the costs of wave energy to a level that is equivalent to other more mature low carbon technologies.

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Technology or Project Name: Aquamarine Power Oyster 800

DEVICE TYPE: OSCILLATING WAVE SURGE CONVERTER CAPACITY: 800KW

Highlights of 2012/13 Since the Oyster 800 flap started working at EMEC in February, Aquamarine Power has learned a tremendous amount about how Oyster operates in real conditions. The Oyster 800 has been operational in peak waves of nine metres, demonstrating survivability in all sea states. The device has produced promising power production figures – including sustained generation of 1MWh in a five hour period, whilst using only one of the machine’s two cylinders.

This summer Aquamarine Power have undertaken a planned improvement programme focussed on five specific areas of the machine - with the overall goals of improving performance, reliability and availability of the Oyster 800.

Objectives and priorities for The next 12 months will be focussed on proving the reliability and performance of the Oyster 800 machine through gaining 2013/14 further operational experience and generating electricity in all sea states. Aquamarine Power also plan additional component testing and scaled offshore testing to inform and de-risk the design of Oyster 801.

Indicative timelines for 2013/14 – operational testing of Oyster 800. Focus on increased reliability and component testing. project development 2014/15 – component testing and offshore testing to inform Oyster 801 design. 2015/16 – fabrication and installation Oyster 801. Install at EMEC alongside Oyster 800 to form array. 2017/18 – fabrication and installation of first farm – Lewis / Orkney/ Ireland.

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WaveNET array of 6 modules at 1/10 scale on test in IFREMER wave tank at Brest, France October 2012 Technology or Project Name: Albatern WaveNET array wave energy converter

DEVICE TYPE: MECHANICALLY COUPLED ARRAY CAPACITY: 45KW ( 6 MODULES OF 7.5KW

Highlights of 2012/13 Albatern carried out extensive testing of a single module 7.5kW system during the second half of 2012. This confirmed ease of transport and handling with locally available equipment. This module ran with full hydraulic systems and electrical output from April 2012 until completion of the trial in November 2012, in a still water location with lower wave energy.

A 1/10 scale 6 module array was trialled with electrical measurement with assistance from the EU MARINET program at the wave tank in Brittany, France in October 2012.

The design of the 7.5kW module with revisions from learning was completed, and the first 3 modules are now being assembled.

In April 2013, Albatern were selected as Regional Winners in the Shell Springboard Awards.

A Feasibility Study for the UK Cabinet Office Greenius Award program was completed in May 2013. This confirmed the viability of wave energy as a means of providing power for the electrical systems required in offshore aquaculture sites.

Objectives and priorities for 1. Complete deployment of the first WaveNET array in an operating wave climate for ongoing testing. 2013/14 2. Deploy an aquaculture demonstrator project, in a real operating environment. 3. Commence design work on a 75kW module, and follow on 750kW module that will allow deployment of grid scale array projects, including development of supply chain and funding partnerships for both the design packages and eventual deployment of demonstrator systems.

Indicative timelines for 2014 - Complete testing of the first WaveNET array of 7.5kW modules. technology development: 2014 - Complete demonstration of off-grid WaveNET array on a typical offshore aquaculture site. 2015 - Complete design of 75kW and 750kW modules. 2016 - Deployment of first grid scale WaveNET array demonstrator.

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Technology or Project Name: Alstom 1MW

DEVICE TYPE: TIDAL TURBINE CAPACITY: 1 MW

Highlights of 2012/13 The turbine represents a significant step in the development of a viable 1MW commercial turbine. It builds on the successful demonstration of the TGL (Tidal Generation Limited) 500kW proof of concept which proved the unique design features (buoyant nacelle, integrated power conversion, yawing thruster etc.) and generated more than 250MWh into the UK grid.

TGL secured more than £8m in grants including the ETI REDAPT project and was bought by Alstom in January 2013.

The technology was developed with the focus on cost of energy and fundamental to that is reducing the O&M cost. This is largely achieved by the buoyant, towable nacelle allowing recovery or installation of the turbine as required without incurring unacceptable delays and high vessel costs.

The 1 MWe turbine has achieved full power running at EMEC and continues to generate power onto the grid.

Objectives and priorities for The current test phase includes technology demonstration, performance proving, operational and maintenance experience. 2013/14 Within the ReDAPT programme Alstom and the ReDAPT partners are collecting data from a myriad of instrumentation and sensors monitoring the equipment and the environment. This data is crucial in informing the design to optimise performance and cost reduction as well as providing much needed learning and tools for the sector.

Indicative timelines for Complete prototype demonstration at EMEC by end 2014. The turbine was installed in January 2013 and is presently undertaking project development a comprehensive programme of operational trials designed to demonstrate performance and reliability, installation and recovery and provide valuable environmental feedback. Learning from the design, manufacturing, assembly and testing of the 1MW turbine will be read across into Alstom’s first commercial tidal offering.

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Technology or Project Name: CoRMaT and HydroBuoy

DEVICE TYPE: NEXT GENERATION, HORIZONTAL AXIS TIDAL TURBINE AND A HYDRO-DYNAMICALLY ADVANCED PASSIVE MOORING SYSTEM CAPACITY: 500KW

Highlights of 2012/13 As part of the WATERS 2 programme, Nautricity was awarded a grant of £1.4 million, which has been used to support the cost of building and demonstrating the CoRMaT device at the Mull of Kintyre. This builds on the testing being undertaken at EMEC where Nautricity’s HydroBuoy mooring system has been prototyped, holding station a full scale CoRMaT turbine. Nautricity secured a SmartScotland award in 2012 to prototype its HydroBuoy station keeping system. A full scale HydroBuoy unit was deployed at EMEC in February 2013. The testing of the HydroBuoy mooring system with a full scale CoRMaT turbine will continue at EMEC until the end of 2013.

Objectives and priorities for Performance verification of the CoRMaT and HydroBuoy technologies when operating in ‘real’ tidal and estuary environments; 2013/14 de-risk the technology and reduce the cost of capital associated with the production of larger volume commercial units; develop a track record and reduce financial cost associated with the next stage of array deployment.

Indicative timelines for The CoRMaT technology has followed a progressive development programme through all of the TRLs. This commenced in technology development 1999 with the successful completion of TRL 1 to the present day where technology is being deployed and operated at full scale in accordance with TRL 9. While the CoRMaT and HydroBuoy technologies have been developed over a number of years, the proving and commercial deployment will be as follows:

EMEC: Start February 2012; Complete October 2013.

Waters 2 Mull of Kintyre: Start August 2012; Complete January 2015.

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Technology or Project Name: ScotRenewables Tidal Turbine (SRTT) SR250 & SR2000

DEVICE TYPE: DUAL ROTOR FLOATING TIDAL TURBINE CAPACITY: 250KW (CURRENT PROTOTYPE) & 2MW (‘COMMERCIAL SCALE’)

Highlights of 2012/13 1. Successful long term autonomous deployments of SR250. 2. Successful long term grid connection. 3. Independent EMEC power performance test verification of SR250, one of the first tidal devices to undergo this process.

Completed the design and commissioned construction of the SR2000 2MW commercial scale demonstrator, which when built will be the most powerful tidal turbine in the world to date.

Demonstrated the cost effectiveness and mobility of the turbine by towing it to harbours on both sides of the Pentland Firth for maintenance rather than mobilising equipment to the turbine.

Objectives and priorities for End 2013 – Extreme survivability tests of SR250. 2013/14 Early 2014 – Complete construction of the SR2000 and commence pre-commercial stage testing.

Continue consenting process for Lashy Sound 30 MW demonstrator array.

Indicative timelines for SR250 250kW testing ongoing until end 2013. technology development 2MW ‘Commercial Scale’ construction due for completion early 2014.

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Technology or Project Name: Aegir Wave Farm,

DEVICE TYPE: PELAMIS WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER CAPACITY: 10MW

Highlights of 2012/13 Development of Aegir’s wave farm project off the south west coast of Shetland has continued with public/ stakeholder engagement activities including environmental and fisheries group meetings, three days of public engagement workshops and the one year anniversary of the Shetland Partnership agreement between , SIC & SCT. Resource measurements continue with a waverider buoy on site and Marine Scotland completed additional video and grab sampling providing baseline and ground truthing data for ecological and seabed characterisation. NAFC Marine Centre completed both offshore and nearshore geophysical survey work for site and potential cable corridors.

Objectives and priorities for Significant progress has been made on land option and lease negotiations to conclude summer/ autumn 2013. EIA work will 2013/14 commence 2014, including onshore & offshore surveys and studies. Phase 2 FEED and grid technical design work will commence late 2013/ early 2014.

Additional information Pace of development is inhibited by uncertainties due to the on-going judicial review of the Viking energy onshore wind farm and knock-on effects on the associated Shetland HVDC interconnector. Other inhibitors include EMR and grid charging uncertainty.

Vattenfall continues positive discussions with the EC regarding potential grant support for Aegir under FP7.

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Technology or Project Name: Brough Head Wave Farm, Orkney

DEVICE TYPE: AQUAMARINE POWER OYSTER CAPACITY: 200MW

Highlights of 2012/13 Brough Head Wave Farm Ltd is a 50:50 joint venture between Aquamarine Power and SSE Renewables. BHWFL has completed a number of environmental baseline studies, received a scoping opinion from Marine Scotland and secured sufficient grid access to ensure the first array can be energised by June 2018. • Site specific wildlife monitoring due for completion March 2014. • Scope of baseline surveys and impact assessment agreed with regulators. • Some baseline surveys have been completed (terrestrial ecology and marine and terrestrial archaeology).

Next steps: • Wave resource measurement. • Benthic surveys to produce biotope maps. • Potential to submit planning and marine consents in 2015.

Objectives and priorities for Our industry priority is to secure an equitable solution to the cost of island grid infrastructure. Project Transmit has failed to 2013/14 deliver for Scottish islands. We therefore look to the inter-governmental group on islands charging to propose a solution which will enable new grid to be built by 2018.

Indicative timelines for 2013/14 – operational testing of Oyster 800. Focus on increased reliability and component testing. project development 2014/15 – component testing and offshore testing to inform Oyster 801 design. 2015/16 – fabrication and installation Oyster 801. Install at EMEC alongside Oyster 800 to form array. 2017/18 – fabrication and installation of first farm – Lewis / Orkney/ Ireland.

Technology or Project Name: North-west Lewis wave farm

DEVICE TYPE: AQUAMARINE POWER OYSTER CAPACITY: 40MW

Highlights of 2012/13 In May, Aquamarine Power received full consent from the Scottish Government for a 40MW wave farm off the north-west coast of Lewis, making it the world’s largest fully-permitted ocean energy site.

Aquamarine Power’s wholly owned subsidiary Lewis Wave Power Limited will begin installing Oyster wave energy machines at the site in the next few years - once the necessary grid infrastructure has been put in place.

This will ultimately see the deployment of between 40 and 50 Oyster devices along the coast at Lag na Greine, near to Fivepenny Borve, in one of the best wave energy locations in Europe.

Objectives and priorities for As with Brough Head Wave Farm our industry priority is to secure an equitable solution to the cost of island grid infrastructure. 2013/14 Project Transmit has failed to deliver for Scottish islands. We therefore look to the inter-governmental group on islands charging to propose a solution which will enable new grid to be built by 2018.

Indicative timelines for 2013/14 – operational testing of Oyster 800. Focus on increased reliability and component testing. project development 2014/15 – component testing and offshore testing to inform Oyster 801 design. 2015/16 – fabrication and installation Oyster 801. Install at EMEC alongside Oyster 800 to form array. 2017/18 – fabrication and installation of first farm – Lewis / Orkney/ Ireland.

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View from approximate device deployment location back to shore and the prototype of the device to be deployed. Technology or Project Name: Argyll Tidal Demonstration Device – Mull of Kintyre

DEVICE TYPE: NAUTRICITY CORMAT CAPACITY: 500KW

Highlights of 2012/13 Nautricity secured a lease from The Crown Estate in June 2012 to develop a project at the Mull of Kintyre. The site secured an electrical network connection agreement in June 2013. Work is nearing completion for full consenting to facilitate the delivery of this WATERS 2 project: 12 months of environmental vantage point surveys have been completed and will inform the marine license application; geophysical surveys of the seabed have been completed; consultation with stakeholders is ongoing; and EIA scoping has been completed for a future array. On-site works will begin early 2014 to enable project delivery later in the year.

Objectives and priorities for Finalisation of project offshore and onshore infrastructure followed by the submission of marine license application and 2013/14 associated onshore planning application. Subject to necessary approvals, construction and installation is scheduled for Spring/ Summer 2014 with commissioning and energisation before the end of the year.

Indicative timelines for Testing of the full scale CoRMaT device and mooring configuration continues at EMEC. Results will inform the deployment project development of a device at the Mull of Kintyre in 2014. Nautricity aims to build out its Mull of Kintyre tidal development post WATERS 2 demonstration. Using the experience from the initial project, this will inform the most cost effective development route to be adopted for all aspects of the project. It is envisaged that a multi-megawatt array will be realised on the site post 2015.

Additional information It was originally planned to deploy a 6 device array at the location at the outset. Due to short term grid constraints and requisite grid upgrades, a single device will now be deployed with a larger array planned following extended operation of the first device.

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Technology or Project Name: ScottishPower Renewables Sound of Islay Demonstration Tidal Array

DEVICE TYPE: ANDRITZ HYDRO HAMMERFEST CAPACITY: 10 MW

Highlights of 2012/13 Highlights of 2012: • Local supply chain event held in Oban attracted 96 companies that were able to find out more about the range of potential opportunities available during construction and operation; • Extensive testing of prototype devices at EMEC and continued site development studies; • Identified optimised strategy to ensure learning and acceleration to commercialisation; and • NER300 award of €20.65m, the highest award in the ocean energy category.

Objectives and priorities for • Finalise contracting strategy and financial close documentation for conclusion in first half of 2014; 2013/14 • Maximise local infrastructure, support services, supply chain opportunities throughout Scotland and the UK industry; • Place major contracts and begin on-site construction activities.

Indicative timelines for First half of 2014 - Complete technical and commercial case for financial close; project development 2014 – Place major contracts and begin onsite works; 2015 – Complete offshore preparatory works including electrical infrastructure; and 2016 – Device installation and commissioning.

Additional information: The Sound of Islay Demonstration Tidal Array is a milestone project for the sector, with global significance. This project remains a pivotal stepping stone for developers, investors and the supply chain alike.

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Technology or Project Name: West Islay Tidal Energy Park

DEVICE TYPE: TECHNOLOGY NEUTRAL CAPACITY: 30MW

Highlights of 2012/13 • Completion of all offshore survey work in 2012. • Public Consultation Open Days in September 2012 and April 2013. • Fisheries Consultation Oct 2012 and February 2013. • Launch of West Islay Tidal Website www.westislaytidal.com • DP Marine Energy presentation to Islay Community Council Sept 2012 and April 2013. • DP Marine Energy presentations to Argyll and Bute Renewable Alliance (ABRA). • Submission of ES for Tidal Development site and western cable route for gatecheck to Marine Scotland in July 2013.

Objectives and priorities for 2013 - Ongoing clarification on application plus complete onshore surveys and EIA for application for consent. 2013/14 2014 - Undertake geotechnical survey (intrusive core samples) and finalise foundation design.

Indicative timelines for 2015 - Installation of turbines foundations. technology development 2016 - Installation of turbines, seabed cabling and onshore infrastructure plus commission lead turbines, complete installation and commissioning of 30MW development. 2017 - Complete environmental monitoring programme and submit application for additional 70MW.

Additional information See www.westislaytidal.com for further information or email [email protected] with any queries.

Technology or Project Name: Fair Head Tidal Energy Park

DEVICE TYPE: TECHNOLOGY NEUTRAL CAPACITY: 100MW

Highlights of 2012/13 October 2012 - The Crown Estate Lease for 100MW. October 2012 - Initial meeting with Department of Environment- Marine Division. November 2012 - Fisheries Liaison meeting and nomination of Fisheries Liaison Officer July 2013 - Start of Bird and Mammal offshore surveys

Objectives and priorities for • Issue Scoping Report 2013/14 • Continue Bird and Mammal surveys • Assessment of fishing and other commercial and recreational interests • Local Consultation and launch of Fair Head Tidal Website • Seascape and Landscape Visual assessment • Installation: Onshore construction assessment • Safety - Navigation assessment • Cumulative Impact Effects

Indicative timelines for 2014 /15 - Complete site design & submit application for consent. Ongoing clarification on application. technology development Undertake geotechnical survey & finalise foundation design. 2016 - Installation of turbines foundations, seabed cabling, onshore infrastructure & commission lead turbines. 2017 - Installation of turbines, seabed cabling, onshore infrastructure & commission lead turbines Complete installation & commissioning of 30MW development. 2018 - Complete environmental monitoring programme & submit application for additional 70MW

Additional information See www.fairheadtidal.com for further information or email [email protected] with any queries.

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Technology or Project Name: FloWave Test Tank

DEVICE TYPE: 25M DIAMETER COMBINED WAVE AND CURRENT TEST TANK OF 2,500,000 LITRES CAPACITY. SCALED CONDITIONS EQUIVALENT TO 12 KNOT CURRENTS AND 28M WAVES IN ARRAYS OF UP TO 1.5 KM2

Highlights of 2012/13 1. Breaking ground and taking the £10m project from a demolition site to a fully operational world-class R&D facility in under two years. 2. Securing our first commercial test client and to commence our pipeline of cutting-edge industry-focused academic research.

Objectives and priorities for 1. To cement the FloWave circular tank’s position as the most sophisticated onshore sea-simulator in the world for industry- 2013/14 focused academic research and direct commercial R&D. 2. To demonstrate its risk reduction and performance optimisation capabilities across the four main offshore renewable sectors of wave, tidal, fixed and floating offshore wind.

Indicative timelines for The facility will be fully operational before the end of 2013, and be able to create unrivalled simulations of real sea conditions technology development from the outset. Beyond that will come a period of development, refinement and learning whereby the further boundaries of the capability of the facility will be pushed and expanded.

Additional Information Funded by the UK’s Engineering and Physical research Council as with “A National facility of International importance’, we will anticipate expanding our client and site simulation capability beyond the bounds of just Europe into further international locations such as the Americas and the Pacific rim.

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Technology or Project Name: PerAWaT

DEVICE TYPE: WAVE & TIDAL ENERGY MODELLING CAPACITY: N/A

Highlights of 2012/13 The WaveFarmer and TidalFarmer Beta models have been released.

1/20th and 1/80th scale Wave Energy Converter (WEC) devices & arrays have been tested, and non-linear models of WEC devices & arrays developed.

A 3rd Generation Spectral Wave (3GSW) tidal model has been developed and validated, together with CFD models of horizontal axis (HA), ducted & open centre turbines. Additionally, a 1/30th scale HA & ducted turbines, and a 1/70th scale turbine array has been tested.

Two dimensional models of Pentland Firth, Anglesey & Bristol Channel have been developed & validated along with a tidal turbine array mode, and the impact of tidal turbines arrays on coastal basin flow has also been tested.

Objectives and priorities for Commercial release of WaveFarmer and TidalFarmer in early 2014. 2013/14 Application of the 3GSW model to a real site, and the development of hydrodynamic simulations of real sites to assess the impact turbine arrays on tidal flow.

Investigation into the effects of waves on HA & ducted tidal turbines.

Indicative timelines for The commercial release of WaveFarmer & TidalFarmer is planned for March 2014. project development All other project work will be completed by December 2013.

Additional information PerAWaT is a 4 year project that was commissioned and funded by the Energy Technologies Institute, and delivered by a consortium led by GL Garrad Hassan and comprising EDF, EON, Queen’s University Belfast, and the Universities of Edinburgh, Manchester & Oxford.

For further information on WaveFarmer or TidalFarmer eMail [email protected] or [email protected]

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