DOCSLIB.ORG

히브리어로 성경을 읽자.04과.245..380쪽 (Pdf)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
히브리어로 성경을 읽자.04과.245..380쪽 (Pdf) (qPem); 이 중에서도 제일 중요 한 부분은 [어절억양 5가족]( )이다. 한글로 적혀 있으니까 나머지 부분들도 쭉 한 번 읽고 넘어가기 바란다. 4과에서는 정지선 및 연결선과 50개의 어절억양들을 공부한다. 4과를 쓰면서 어떻게 써야 이 책으로 공부하는 사람들이 편하게 공부할 수 있 을까? 많은 생각을 했다. 첫 째로 공부하기에 편리하도록 하기 위해서 어절억양 이 름들을 모두 우리말로 만들어 제공했다. 4과에서 약 50개의 어절억양들을 소개한 다. 그러나 무엇보다도, (4됵)에서 설명하는 어절억양 5가족에 대해서 이해하고, 히브리어 성경구절에 찍힌 어절억양들을 5가족을 사용하면서 분류해 낼 수 있다면, 4과에서 어절억양 공부는 잘되었다고 본다. 아래 5가족들은 (JM§15i)에서 1-12 가지로 분류한 악센트들이다. 이를 가지고, BHS 번역을 바르게 했는지를 확인하는 방법으로 사용할 수 있도록, [5가족]으로 발전 시켜서 소개한다. 본인도 4과를 이 러한 짜임새를 갖추어 내어놓는 바에 대해서 흡족하게 생각하는 바이다. 4과 공부 내용은 아래와 같다: gt,m, 메테그 "제어“ (4다) ta와 4서 4-8 (4귝) (4뉵) (4댝) (4럭) - 245 - A=기동사,B=기재사,C=강동사,D=강수사,E=강재사,F=사동사,G=사수사,H=겹자에,I=겹자아,J=겹재사,K=포엘,L=포알, M=히트포엘,N=팔렐,O=풀랄,P=히트팔렐,Q=필펠,R=폴펠,S=히펠,T=퍼알랄,U=티펠,V=히씨타펠,W=넉자어근,X=싸펠 ( =-- 절휴지표 & =--+반절휴지표 + =--제2반절표)i ( =삼각점분. & =| -막대체인분. + =지팡이분, -고리분) ( =강한쌍점, =쌍점분 + =-위엣, =--쌍위엣분, =-화살분) ( =-제2반절표 + =-점빗금분, =--빗금분, =-쌍빗금분) ( =-다이아분 + =-갈림분, =-뿔분, =--쌍뿔분) 다른 억양들은 쭉 한두 번 읽어 보면서, 어느 기호가 분리억양인지 연결억양 인지를 식별할 정도로만 이해하고 5과로 넘어가면 충분하다. 필요할 때면 쉽게 찾 아 볼 수 있도록 어절억양 기호 표를 Book V 뒤편에 붙였다. 이렇게 찾아보면서 사용하다 보면 언젠가는 자연스럽게 내 것이 된다. 어절억양은 찍힌 그대로 알아 볼 수 있으면 족하다. 어절억양 기호 50여개를 한 번에 다 외울 필요가 없으므로 많이 신경 쓸 필요 없다는 점을 지적해 둔다. ,한 단어에서 소리의 높고 낮음을 뜻하며 ֫ 로 나타낸다 : 분 = 분리표를 뜻한다. 은 성경의 한 절을 2-3개의 단어들로 이어서 읽고, 띄어서 읽고, 어떤 단어를 보다 더 강하게 하는가를 지시하여 주는 기호이며, 성경을 암송할 때 사용했으며 현대 음악의 이음줄이나 붙임줄 쉼표와 같은 기능들이다. : 어절이란 칭호는 (A'-a'):처럼 콜론 :이 붙은 영어 철자에 주어지는 칭호이며, 소절을 세분하면 어절이 된다. : A'와 a' 사이에 놓인 히브리어 단어들을 칭하는 용어다. 다른 억양 앞에 나타나는 억양을 선억양이라 한다. 소어: 명사, 대명사, 동사를 제외한, 전치사, 부사, 의문사, 접속사 w, 감탄사 등을 소어 particle이라 칭한다(JM chapter iv). 불변사: 자음이 3개 이상이면서 변화하지 않는 단어들을 칭한다. “소절”이란 문장이거나 혹은 부분으로 두 개 이상의 어절들로 만들어 진다. 그리고 A-B=처럼 “=”이 붙은 영어 철자에 붙여지는 칭호다 - 246 - 1=능현,2=상현,3=수현,4=상태과,5=과거,6=시미과,7=수동과,8=불부,9=변부,10=미래,11=시과미,12=상태미,13=청3단, 14=청3복,15=명령,16=청2단,17=청2복,18=청1단,19=청1복,20=시변사,21=의1단,22=의1복,23=간1단,24=간1복 마지막 음절에만 놓이는 강세다, : 약한 모음을 충분히 발음하도록 모음 옆에 세워진 짧은 수직선이다. : 자음 글자만큼이나 긴 수직선으로 글자와 글자 사이에 놓인 수직선이다. : qPem; 마페크, 두 개의 단어나 그 이상의 단어들을 밀접하게 연결시키는 단아음 정도 크기의 짧은 직선이다. = 단어의 앞쪽 음절에 주어진 강세를 칭한다. = 단어의 아래(끝) 음절에 주어진 강세를 칭한다. : 분사 접미어를 칭하는 약어다. " “: 지면관게로, 석간역에서는 ” “로 표기한다. 강세나 억양은 평범한 의미에서는 동의어로 볼 수 있으나, 히브리어 문법에서 는 구별해서 사용한다, 는 한 단어에서 어떤 음절의 소리가 높고 낮음을 표현 하는 기호 이다. 반면에 은 성경의 한 구절을 읽을 때에, 2-3개의 단어들을 이어서 읽고, 띄어서 읽고, 어떤 단어를 보다 더 강하게 발음하고 소리하는가를 지시하여 주는 기호이며, 성경을 암송할 때 사용했으며, 현대 음악의 이음줄이나 붙임줄 쉼 표와 같은 기능들이다. 그리고 어절억양은 약칭으로 이라 칭한다. 어절억양 기 호들은 발음기호 보다 약 천 여년 앞서서 발명되었다(JM§15e(1)). 성서 히브리어에서는 수십 종류의 기호들을 사용해서 어절억양들을 표현했다. 첫째로 히브리어는 조사가 없는 언어이기 때문에, 전통적으로 어절 억양들을 사용 해서 이어야 할 말들은 이어 주고 분리해야 할 말들은 분리 시켜 놓았다. 둘째로는 어절 억양들을 사용해서 마치 시조를 가락에 맞추어 읊는 것처럼, 회당에서 구약성 경의 절들을 가락에 맞추어 읊을 수 있도록 가락을 표시해 놓았다. 셋째로는 문법 적으로 비슷한 형들을 구별하기 위해서 “어절 억양”을 사용했다. [r:L...mi ly[eL..mi (4그) 강세가 주어진 음절에 따라서 두 가지로 구별한다. 강세가, 마지막 음절에 주 - 247 - A=기동사,B=기재사,C=강동사,D=강수사,E=강재사,F=사동사,G=사수사,H=겹자에,I=겹자아,J=겹재사,K=포엘,L=포알, M=히트포엘,N=팔렐,O=풀랄,P=히트팔렐,Q=필펠,R=폴펠,S=히펠,T=퍼알랄,U=티펠,V=히씨타펠,W=넉자어근,X=싸펠 어졌으면 “아랫 강세” [r:L...mi 밀러라ㅇ, 그리고 단어 위쪽에 강세가 주어지면 “윗강 세” ly[eL.mi 밀러에일,이라 칭한다. 아래 보기를 잘 이해해야 한다. 윗강세=위엣강세. < ∪ < \ ) ly[eL.mi 밀러엘, [r:L.mi 밀러라ㅇ. ① penultimate closed syllable ㅓ T'l.j;q' 카탈타에서 l..j;-에 ly[eL.mi 접미음절 T'-가 개음절이 ㅓ 어야 한다. T'l.j;q' 카탈타에서 l..j;-에 강세가 온 이유는 접미음절 T'-가 개음절이기 ㅓ 때문이다. ~T,l.j;q. 커탈템에서 l.j;-에 강세가 없는 이유는 접미음절 ~T,-이 폐음절 이기 때문이다. / ㅓ ׃ ∸ ㅓ - T'l.j;q' 카탈타, ~T,l.j;q. 커탈템. ② 반대로, final closed syllable ~q'/Y"/w: 바야콤에서 끝음절 ~q'- penultimate syllable Y"-이 폐음절이어야 한다. ~q'/Y"/w: 바야콤에서 ~q'-은 폐음절인데 강세가 없 다. 그 이유는 위엣(접두)음절 Y"-가 개음절 (y")이기 때문이다(JM§31a). ljo/q.YI/w: 바 이크톨에선 위엣음절 q.YI-이 폐음절이기 때문에 끝음절 ljo-에 [r:l.m가 왔 다(JM§31a). \ ⏆ ~q'Y"w: = ~q'/y"/yw: 바야콤. - 248 - 1=능현,2=상현,3=수현,4=상태과,5=과거,6=시미과,7=수동과,8=불부,9=변부,10=미래,11=시과미,12=상태미,13=청3단, 14=청3복,15=명령,16=청2단,17=청2복,18=청1단,19=청1복,20=시변사,21=의1단,22=의1복,23=간1단,24=간1복 2. #r,a,ê , rb"ïD' (4기) 대부분의 경우에 강세는 아랫 강세[r:L...mi로서 단어의 마지막 음절에 놓인다. 첫음절에 놓이지 않는 것이 원칙이다. 그러나 센 강세가 아닌 약 강세는 첫 음절에 놓일 수 도 있다: rb"ïD' 다바르 "말씀, 단어" [”다발로“받은 ”말씀“]. #r,a,ê 에레츠 땅, (창세1:10). rb"ïD' 다바르에는 아랫 강세[r:L...mi가, #r,a,ê 에레츠에는 윗 강세ly[eL..mi가 왔다. 또한, 음율을 맟추기 위해서, 또한 악쎈트가 연속적으로 두 번 놓이는 경우를 피하기 위해서, 악쎈트가 후진하는 경우를 hg"ysin> 너씨가 nsiga hg"ysin> = rAha' gAsn" 라 한다(JM§31d). rb)')D' 다바르에서 -b)')-에 있던 악쎈트 가, ~yrIb'D> 더바림에선 -yrI-으로 후진했다. 이렇게 후진한 악쎈트를 hg"ysin> 너씨가 nsigna, 또는 rAxa' gAsn" 나쏘그 아호르 “ stress moving away backwards이라 칭한다. gAsn" B1, gWs 쑤그 “뒤로 물러가다.”(JM§31c) > ⌃ ⌃ ׃ \ ⌃ - ⌃ - \ \ - ∸ rb"ïD' 다바르, #r,a,ê 에레츠, rAxa' gAsn" 나 쏘그 아 호르, hg"ysin> 너씨가, ~yrIb'D> 더 - ∩ ⌃ 바림 , gWs 쑤그. 3. xr;P,ê (4나) 그러나 겹단에음 명사들은 모두 윗 강세ly[eL..mi를 취한다: %l,m,( 멜레흐 “왕”, rp,seê 쎄페르 “책”, vd,qOß 코데씌 “거룩” [“거룩”한 곳에 “코(를)데씌?”]. r[;n:© 나아르 “소년”, xc;meä 메차흐 “이마”, xr;P,ê 페라흐 “꽃” [“꽃”으로라도 “페라ㅎ”ㅏ지마라]. 겹단에음 명사라고 해서 언제나 단에음(lAgs,)만 두 개가 온 단어를 뜻하는 것 은 아니다. 윗 강세ly[eL..mi를 취한 명사들 중 겹단에음을 가진 명사들이 많기 때문 - 249 - A=기동사,B=기재사,C=강동사,D=강수사,E=강재사,F=사동사,G=사수사,H=겹자에,I=겹자아,J=겹재사,K=포엘,L=포알, M=히트포엘,N=팔렐,O=풀랄,P=히트팔렐,Q=필펠,R=폴펠,S=히펠,T=퍼알랄,U=티펠,V=히씨타펠,W=넉자어근,X=싸펠 에, 이 종류에 속한 단어들을 통틀어서 겹단에음 명사라 호칭한다. 의 단수형은 여러 가지 모음 형이 많이 있지만, 복수형은 일괄적으로 변화한다. 명 사를 취급하는 부분에 가서 구체적으로 언급하겠다. \ / - \ ( - \ - ׃ %l,m,( 멜레흐, rp,seê 쎄페르, vd,qOß 코데씌, r[;n:© 나아르, xc;meä 메차흐, xr;P,ê 페라흐, 4. (4냐) 만일 3음절이 되는 경우엔 보통 첫음절을 약하게 발음하고 세음절을 향해서 빨리 넘어가려는 경향이 생긴다. 이러한 습성 때문에, 음절이 강세가 있는 세음절 로부터 2음절 이상 떨어지면 모음축소 현상이 일어날 수밖에 없다. 이러한 모음축 소를 줄이는 방법으로 3가지 해결방안이 사용되고 있다. 보기: T'r.m;v' 쏴마르타 “네 가 준수했다”, ~d''a''h*'' 하.아담 “그 인간”, ~T,,r..m;;v.. 쎠마르템 < ~T,,+rm;;v' 쌰마르템 “당신들이 준수했다”, hl'AdG> 거돌라 < lAdG" 가돌 “큰, 위대한”. [“위대한“가 돌”을 들어보여라]. 세 음절이상 되는 단어에서 첫 음절의 모음을 정확하게 발음하지 않고 빨리 발음해 버리려는 성급한 발음을 해결하는 방법 3가지를 간단하게 정리하면 아래와 같다. 첫 번째 보기에서는 첫음절이나 두 음절이 강세를 취하는 방법, 두 번째 보 기에서는 보조강세를 취하는 방법, 세 번째 보기에서는 모음변화를 취하면서 강세 를 세음절, 마지막 음절로 넘겨주는 방법들을 아래에 소개했다. ^ ^ > / \\ ׃ - - - ∸ \\ - T'r.m;v' 쏴 마르타, ~d''a''h*'' 하 아 담 ”, ~T,,r..m;;v.. 쎠마르템, hl'AdG> 거돌라 , ∸ ^ lAdG" 가돌. T'r.m;v' (4너) 첫 번째 모음축소 방지 방법은 윗 강세ly[eL..mi를 취하는 것이다. 쏴마르타처럼 - 250 - 1=능현,2=상현,3=수현,4=상태과,5=과거,6=시미과,7=수동과,8=불부,9=변부,10=미래,11=시과미,12=상태미,13=청3단, 14=청3복,15=명령,16=청2단,17=청2복,18=청1단,19=청1복,20=시변사,21=의1단,22=의1복,23=간1단,24=간1복 윗강세를 취하는 방법이 있다. T'r.m;v' 쏴마르타에서 접미어 T'- 타에는 강세가 없 다. T'r.m;v'의 두 음절 -m;- 마에 윗 강세가 놓였다. 또한 윗 강세가 올 수 도 있다. - \\ T'r.m;v' 쏴 마르타 접두 음절에 보조강세를 첨부하므로 (4녀) 두 번째 모음축소 방지 방법은 접두음절에 보조강세(h*'')를 첨부하는 방법이다. ~d''a''h*'' 하.아담처럼 접두음절에 보조강세( -h*'' )를 첨부한다. h 아래 장모음이 왔 는데 그 장모음 옆에는 짧은 선이 있다. 이 짧은 선의 이름은 이다(4다). 정 지선은 첫 모음을 성급히 발음해 버리고 세음절로 넘어 가려는 급한 발음을 일단 정지 시켜서 첫 모음을 충분히 발음하도록 잡아 주는 역할을 한다(4도). 윗 강세를 아랫 강세로 넘기므로 ~T,Þr>m;v.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 167 BIBLIOTHECA ORIENTALIS LXXVI N° 1-2, Januari-April 2019 168
    167 BIBLIOTHECA ORIENTALIS LXXVI N° 1-2, januari-april 2019 168 OUDE TESTAMENT It also discusses the origin of these books, arguing for a Mosaic core that grew over time and was completed by HUBBARD Jr., R. L. and J. A. DEARMAN — Introducing Ezra. Rather than describing stories as either fact or fiction, the Old Testament. William B. Eerdmans Publishing they propose understanding biblical texts on a literary spec- Co., Grand Rapids, 2018. (23,5 cm, XXII, 540, includ- trum that spans from the factual to the traditional; they ing tables, charts and illustrations). ISBN 978-0-8028- reserve the Exodus and the resurrection of Jesus as historical 6790-2. $ 40.00. events. Chapter four covers Genesis 1-11, explaining its title, organization, and genre. A few other Ancient Near East sto- It can be challenging to find an introduction to the Hebrew ries are described generally, though the authors do not Bible textbook that matches the professor’s desired approach believe they are sources for Genesis, just likewise drawn and the needs of an institution. Is the class designed to intro- from rich Ancient Near Eastern culture. Chapter five covers duce students to the Hebrew Bible? Is it to help religious Genesis 12-50, calling its genre “family history.” As con- students better understand their scriptures and theology? text, the authors provide the history of the second millen- Is it for introducing scholarly methods to students already nium BCE; they concede that there is no direct evidence that familiar with the content of the Bible? Is it something in the patriarchs existed but suggest they are historical persons between? If so, where? because their names, customs, and lifestyle match the time Robert L.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comprehensive Analysis of Psalm 137, a Communal Lament
    A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF PSALM 137, A COMMUNAL LAMENT By Chan, Kwok Leung Desmond Presented to the Faculty of Dallas International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts with major in Applied Linguistics Dallas International University April 2020 ©2020 Chan, Kwok Leung Desmond All Rights Reserved CERTIFICATE acknowledge that use of copyrighted material in my thesis may place me under an obligation to the copyright owner, especially when use of such material exceeds usual fair use provisions. I hereby certify that I have obtained the written permission of the copyright owner for any and all such occurrences and that no portion of my thesis has been copyrighted previously unless properly referenced. I hereby agree to indemnify and hold harmless Dallas Intermational University from any and all claims that may be asserted or that may arise from any copyright violation. Signature Date THESIS DUPLICATION RELEASE to this thesis T hereby authorize the Dallas International University Library duplicate when needed for research and/or scholarship. Agreed: (student signature) Refused: (student signature) ABSTRACT A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF PSALM 137, A COMMUNAL LAMENT Chan, Kwok Leung Desmond Master of Arts with major in Applied Linguistics Dallas International University, April 2020 Supervising Professors: Arden G. Sanders and Joshua L. Harper Poetry is a common literary form of the Old Testament. However, poetry is not easy to understand or translate. This thesis is a comprehensive analysis of Ps 137, which is commonly regarded as a communal lament. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how to prepare an in-depth analysis of Hebrew poetry, which serves as the foundation for a proper translation of Hebrew poetry, using Ps 137 as an example.
    [Show full text]
  • Conversations
    CONVERSATIONS Orthodoxy: Widening Perspectives Autumn 2020/5781 Issue 36 CONVERSATIONS CONTENTS In Honor of Rabbi Hayyim Angel, on His 25 Years of Rabbinic Service v RABBI MARC ANGEL Editor’s Introduction vii RABBI HAYYIM ANGEL How the Torah Broke with Ancient Political Thought 1 JOSHUA BERMAN Walking Humbly: A Brief Interpretive History of Micah 6:8 13 ERICA BROWN It’s in the Gene(alogy): Family, Storytelling, and Salvation 21 STUART HALPERN Hassidim and Academics Unite: The Significance of Aggadic Placement 30 YITZHAK BLAU Love the Ger: A Biblical Perspective 37 HAYYIM ANGEL Does the Gender Binary Still Exist in Halakha? 47 NECHAMA BARASH Four Spaces: Women’s Torah Study in American Modern Orthodoxy 68 RACHEL FRIEDMAN Three Short Essays 74 HAIM JACHTER The Yemima Method: An Israeli Psychological-Spiritual Approach 89 YAEL UNTERMAN You Shall Love Truth and Peace 103 DANIEL BOUSKILA Agnon’s Nobel Speech in Light of Psalm 137 108 JEFFREY SAKS Re-Empowering the American Synagogue: A Maslovian Perspective 118 EDWARD HOFFMAN Yearning for Shul: The Unique Status of Prayer in the Synagogue 125 NATHANIEL HELFGOT Halakha in Crisis Mode: Four Models of Adaptation 130 ARYEH KLAPPER Responsiveness as a Greatmaking Property 138 ANDREW ARKING Religious Communities and the Obligation for Inclusion 147 NATHAN WEISSLER SUBMISSION OF ARTICLES If you wish to submit an article to Conversations, please send the Senior Editor ([email protected]) or the Editor ([email protected]) a short description of the essay you plan to write. Articles should be written in a conversa- tional style and should be submitted typed, double spaced, as Word documents.
    [Show full text]
  • A Grammar of the Hebrew Language
    6,Z5VO/ Stom t^e £i6rare of Q^equeaf^e^ fig ^im to t^e feifirarg of (Princeton C^eofo^caf ^emtndtg 1/. I GRAMMAR OF TPTE HEBREW LANGUAGE. BY / WILLIAM HENRY GREEN, PROFESSOR IN THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY AT PRINCETON, N. J. jarto ISiJttton. (CAREFULLY RKVISED THROUGHOUT AND THE SYNTAX GREATLY ENLARGED. Part I.— Orthoaraphy and. Etyixiology. NEW YORK: JOHN WILEY & SONS, PUBLISHERS, 15 AsTOR Place. 1888. Copyright, 1888, by JOHN WILEY & SONSk PREFACE. The twenty-seven years, which have elapsed since the first publication of this Grammar, have been exceed- ingly fruitful in the philological and exegetical study of the Old Testament. And important progress has been made toward a more thorough and accurate knowledge of the grammatical structure of the Hebrew language. This edition of the Grammar has been carefully revised throughout that it may better represent the advanced state of scholarship on this subject. Nearly every page exhibits corrections or additions of greater or less conse- quence. And the Syntax particularly, which was not fully elaborated before, has been greatly enlarged, and for the most part entirely rewritten. The plan of the Grammar, the method of treatment, and in general the order of the sections are unchanged. And little occasion has been found to alter the more general and comprehen- sive statements, which are distinguished by being printed in large type. The changes are chiefly in the addition of fuller details enlarging and multiplying the para- graphs in small type. The principle of eschewing all supposititious forms and adducing none but such as really occur in the Old Testa- ment, has been steadfastly adhered to as heretofore, with the view of rigorously conforming all rules and examples to the actual phenomena of the language.
    [Show full text]
  • Theme and Variation in Psalm 111: Phrase and Foot in Generative-Metrical Perspective1
    Journal of Semitic Studies LIV/1 Spring 2009 doi:10.1093/jss/fgn041 © The author. PublishedTHEME by Oxford AND University VARIATION Press on IN behalf PSALM of the 111 University of Manchester. All rights reserved. THEME AND VARIATION IN PSALM 111: PHRASE AND FOOT IN GENERATIVE-METRICAL PERSPECTIVE1 VINCENT DECAEN UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO Abstract This programmatic paper approaches the metre of biblical poetry as a problem in generative metrics. Recalling the earlier proposal of Kurylowicz (1972, 1975), it is argued that the organizational princi- ples of the Tiberian liturgical chant (syllable, foot, and, crucially, pho- nological phrase) are also the metrical principles of biblical poetry — or at least that of Job, Proverbs and a fair portion of the Psalms. When the musical transformations of the poetic accent system are taken into account, Psalm 111 conforms to Kurylowicz’s 2+2 phrases per verse. However, the 2+2 analysis only scratches the surface: the distribution of foot-, word- and line-types in Psalm 111 is also regu- lated by prosodic principles. 1 A special word of thanks to Elan Dresher, to whom this paper is dedicated, and whose continued support and encouragement through the years have kept me working away at generative grammar and Tiberian Hebrew phonology (or as I pre- fer, ‘generative Masoretics’). It should be obvious that Dresher’s seminal 1994 study is my constant inspiration throughout. I must also recognize John Hobbins and his invaluable online resources, espe- cially his detailed bibliographies and history of research (see http://ancienthebrew poetry.typepad.com). He was quick with voluminous and insightful feedback on earlier drafts, and the study is many times better as a result.
    [Show full text]
  • JUDAISM Facts and Fundamentals
    Facts and JUDAISM Fundamentals By the grace of G-d Please note: This book contains sacred text and should be treated with the appropriate respect. In the event it needs discarding, please forward to a Rabbi to be dis- carded according to Jewish Law. Special thanks and appreciation to Rabbi Elchonon Friedman, Spiritual leader at "Bnai Emunah - Chabad" and member of the “Vaad Harabonim of Pittsburgh”, for reviewing the content of this book and his approbation. © Copyright 2017 THE ALEPH INSTITUTE North East Region Hyman & Martha Rogal Center 5804 Beacon Street • Pittsburgh, PA 15217 412.421-0111 • Fax: 412-521-5948 www.alephne.org • [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents . 1 Kiddush . 57 Dedication to Rebbe . 2 Special meals . 58 Preface . 4 Special dress . 59 Introduction . 5 Havdalah . 60 G-d . 5. Melave Malka . 61 Man . 7 Land of Israel . 62. Torah . 8 Moshiach . 64 Mitzvos . 13 The Next Step . 65 Reward and Punishment . 14 13 Principles of Faith . 66 After Life . 15 Holidays . 68 Blessings . 17 Elul . 69. Tzitzith . 24 Rosh Hashanah . 71 Tefillin . 25. Ten Days of Repentance . 73 Prayer . 28 Yom Kippur . 75 Selection of Prayers . 31 Succos . 78 Shemoneh Esrai . 36 Hoshana Rabbah . 80 The Daily Services . 39 Shemini Atzeres . 81 Insight and Outlook . 40 Simchas Torah . 82 Talmud Torah . 43 Chanukah . 83 Kashrus . 44 Chamishah Oser B'Shvat . 86 Acts of Kindness . 48 Purim . 87 Tzedakah . 49 Pesach . 90. Ahavas Yisroel . 50 Pesach Sheni . 99 Mezuzah . 51 Lag B'Omer . 99 Teshuva . 53 Shavuos . 101. Shabbos . 54 Aleph Institute Programs . 104 Lighting Shabbos Candles .
    [Show full text]
  • Cantillation Marks
    http://www.sagreiss.org [email protected] CCaannttiilllliizzeerr Distributional Analysis of Cantillation Marks Author: Scott Alexander Gabriel Reiss Developers: Music Editors: Susan Owen, John Wheeler, John McMurtery What imagination the scrupulous originators manifested in these creative pictographical representations. It is paramount to translate with precision this message transmitted with so much love.1 Suzanne Haïk-Vantoura Cover Page Cantillizer is copyright © protected under the LGPL (GNU Lesser General Public License). This text is copyright © protected under the FDL (GNU Free Documentation License). Cover Page 1 http://www.sagreiss.org [email protected] Table of Contents Cover Page ...................................................................................... 1 Table of Contents ............................................................................ 2 Table of Figures .............................................................................. 3 1 Cantillation .................................................................................. 5 1.1 Vocalization ............................................................................................... 5 1.2 Semiotics ................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Versification ............................................................................................... 8 1.4 Hermeneutics ............................................................................................ 8 2 Architecture
    [Show full text]
  • The Syntax of Masoretic Accents in the Hebrew Bible
    THE SYNTAX OF MASORETIC ACCENTS IN THE HEBREW BIBLE (Second edition, revised and corrected) by James D. Price, Ph.D. Temple Baptist Seminary Copyright 1990, 2010 James D. Price All rights reserved. ii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my friend and colleague, Dr. Hermann J. Austel, Academic Dean and Professor of Old Testament and Biblical Languages at Northwest Baptist Seminary, Tacoma, Washington. He has been a lifelong exam- ple of academic and spiritual excellence. iii iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DEDICATION ....................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................. xi PREFACE ............................................................................................................. xv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................. xvii INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1 Hebrew's Non-Vowel Marks .............................................................................. 1 Textual Problems ............................................................................................ 1 Masoretic Notes .............................................................................................. 2 Phonetic Union...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Yours. “The Rebbe” Welcome
    ב״ה THE VISIONARY LEADER WHO SPOKE ONLY ONE LANGUAGE: RABBI MENACHEM M. SCHNEERSON YOURS. “THE REBBE” WELCOME ABOUT YOU. s a twenty-first century Jew, you are likely familiar with the name Chabad, have probably heard of The Rebbe and may A even know one or more of his 4,000 emissaries. Chabad Jewish centers and services thrive in 48 U.S. States and 81 countries worldwide. Yet—cover image notwithstanding—this magazine is not really about the greatness of the Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem M. Schneer- son of righteous memory. This magazine is about the greatness of everyone else. Over 40 years of public leadership, the Rebbe showed unshakeable trust in every person’s ability to make this world a di- vine place. With unquestioning love and a soft sense of urgency, he provided the tools for millions to find that ability within themselves. Twenty years after the Rebbe’s passing (1994), we share the stories, essays and in- sights ahead, to offer a small taste of a man and a message are of timeless value. LEARN MORE ONLINE THEREBBE.ORG A comprehensive experience of biography, personal encounters and audio/visual record- ings on the Rebbe and his ongoing impact. Diane Abrams visits the Rebbe with her CHABAD.ORG daughter Becky who was The #1 Judaism site online delivering born to the 49-year-old inspiration, education, study and practice for Abrams after the Rebbe’s every level of interest and familiarity. unexpected blessing. See First Person, page 18 Yossi Melamed, 1988 / JEM Find your local Chabad Center visit Chabad.org/centers 3 CONTENTS FEATURES Page
    [Show full text]
  • A Treatise on the Accentuation of the Three So-Called Poetical Books On
    HEBREW ACCENTUATION WICKES Honfcon HENRY FROWDE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE 7 PATERNOSTER ROW n"DN TREATISE ON THE ACCENTUATION OF THE THBEE SO-CALLED POETICAL BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT, PSALMS, PROVERBS, AND JOB WITH AN APPENDIX CONTAINING THE TREATISE, ASSIGNED TO R. JEHUDA BEN-BII/AH, ON THE SAME SUBJECT, IN THE ORIGINAL ARABIC. BY WILLIAM WICKES, D.D. AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1881 [All rights reserved.] -n 1\ PREFACE, IN preparing the following treatise I have had to depend almost entirely on my own investigations. The Christian accentuologists of the 1 7th and i8th centuries, to whom we owe the discovery of the leading principles that underlie the Hebrew accentuation, I all were not successful (as, presume, who have consulted their Works will allow) in dealing with the peculiar system of the three so-called Poetical Books. I have gained therefore but little help from them. In the present century, only two scholars, Ewald and Baer, have ventured on an independent examination 1 of the subject. Ewald's speculations I have not been able to 2 accept. Baer's treatises which shew very careful preparation, ^tODHJD and are valuable, as containing (like Heidenheim's D^ft^tDn for the twenty-one Books) the traditional views handed down by Rabbinical authorities I did not find reach far enough for my purpose. I may draw attention to one respect in which the present Work differs from any of those which have preceded it. It is founded, in a great measure, on an extensive examination of MSS. I soon saw that even our best texts need correction, as far as the accents are without a correct I could not concerned ; and that, text, hope to establish any rules on a satisfactory basis.
    [Show full text]
  • Typesetting the Holy Bible in Hebrew, with TEX
    Typesetting the Holy Bible in Hebrew, with TEX Yannis Haralarnbous Centre d'~tudeset de Recherche sur le Traitement Automatique des Langues Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, Paris. Private address: 187, rue Nationale, 59800 Lille, France. Yanni s [email protected] Abstract This paper presents Tiqwah, a typesetting system for Biblical Hebrew, that uses the combined efforts of TEX, METAFONT and GNU Flex. The author describes its use and its features, discusses issues relevant to the design of fonts and placement of floating diacritics, and gives a list of rare cases and typographcal curiosa which can be found in the Bible. The paper concludes with an example of Hebrew Biblical text (the beginning of the book of Genesis) typeset by Tiqwah . Introduction cannot be guessed out of the context (for example in names or foreign words), or in cases where the text is The Tiqwah system uses the possibilities of TEX, extremely important and should by no means be al- METAFONT and GNU Flex to typeset Biblical Hebrew. tered (the case of holy texts, like the Bible), short vow- Ths is not a simple task: (a) special fonts had to els have been added, in the form of diacritics. This be created, described in the section 'Fonts for type- is the first level of hacritization; it can be applied to setting the Holy Bible in Hebrew' on page 177; (b) any text; at school, chddren first learn vowelized He- several levels of diacritics are required; they have brew. to be entered in a reasonable way (see 'Vowels' on A second degree of diacritization is the use of page 176, and 'Masoretic accents and other symbols' cantillation marks or Masoretic marks or neumesm2 on page 176), and placed correctly under or over This method of &acritization applies only to the He- the characters (see 'An algorithm for placing floating brew Bible.
    [Show full text]
  • Fine Judaica, 21141 418 AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN SILVER FILIGREE SPICE TOWER
    F i n e J u d a i C a . printed booKs, manusCripts, autograph Letters, CeremoniaL obJeCts & WorKs oF art K e s t e n b au m & C om pa n y Wednesday, m a rCh 12th, 2014 K est e n bau m & C o m pa ny . Auctioneers of Rare Books, Manuscripts and Fine Art A Lot 308 Catalogue of F i n e J u d a i C a . PRINTED BOOK S, MANUSCRIPTS, AUTOGRAPH LETTERS, CEREMONIAL OBJECTS & GRAPHIC A RT ——— To be Offered for Sale by Auction, Wednesday, 12th March, 2014 at 3:00 pm precisely ——— Viewing Beforehand: Sunday, 9th March - 12:00 pm - 6:00 pm Monday, 10th March - 10:00 pm - 6:00 pm Tuesday, 11th March - 10:00 am - 6:00 pm No Viewing on the Day of Sale This Sale may be referred to as: “Ozmo” Sale Number Sixty-One Illustrated Catalogues: $38 (US) * $45 (Overseas) KestenbauM & CoMpAny Auctioneers of Rare Books, Manuscripts and Fine Art . 242 West 30th street, 12th Floor, new york, NY 10001 • tel: 212 366-1197 • Fax: 212 366-1368 e-mail: [email protected] • World Wide Web site: www.Kestenbaum.net K est e n bau m & C o m pa ny . Chairman: Daniel E. Kestenbaum Operations Manager: Jackie S. Insel Client Accounts: S. Rivka Morris Client Relations: Sandra E. Rapoport, Esq. (Consultant) Printed Books & Manuscripts: Rabbi Eliezer Katzman Ceremonial & Graphic Art: Abigail H. Meyer Catalogue Art Director and Photographer: Anthony Leonardo Auctioneer: Mark O. Howald (NYCDCA License no: 1460490) For all inquiries relating to this sale please contact: Daniel E.
    [Show full text]