167 BIBLIOTHECA ORIENTALIS LXXVI N° 1-2, Januari-April 2019 168

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

167 BIBLIOTHECA ORIENTALIS LXXVI N° 1-2, Januari-April 2019 168 167 BIBLIOTHECA ORIENTALIS LXXVI N° 1-2, januari-april 2019 168 OUDE TESTAMENT It also discusses the origin of these books, arguing for a Mosaic core that grew over time and was completed by HUBBARD Jr., R. L. and J. A. DEARMAN — Introducing Ezra. Rather than describing stories as either fact or fiction, the Old Testament. William B. Eerdmans Publishing they propose understanding biblical texts on a literary spec- Co., Grand Rapids, 2018. (23,5 cm, XXII, 540, includ- trum that spans from the factual to the traditional; they ing tables, charts and illustrations). ISBN 978-0-8028- reserve the Exodus and the resurrection of Jesus as historical 6790-2. $ 40.00. events. Chapter four covers Genesis 1-11, explaining its title, organization, and genre. A few other Ancient Near East sto- It can be challenging to find an introduction to the Hebrew ries are described generally, though the authors do not Bible textbook that matches the professor’s desired approach believe they are sources for Genesis, just likewise drawn and the needs of an institution. Is the class designed to intro- from rich Ancient Near Eastern culture. Chapter five covers duce students to the Hebrew Bible? Is it to help religious Genesis 12-50, calling its genre “family history.” As con- students better understand their scriptures and theology? text, the authors provide the history of the second millen- Is it for introducing scholarly methods to students already nium BCE; they concede that there is no direct evidence that familiar with the content of the Bible? Is it something in the patriarchs existed but suggest they are historical persons between? If so, where? because their names, customs, and lifestyle match the time Robert L. Hubbard Jr. and J. Andrew Dearman’s new text- period. Chapter six is on Exodus; the timelines and text men- book concentrates on preparing students for reading the Old tion both an early and a late date for a historical Exodus, but Testament in translation. It provides them with basic intro- a late date seems to be preferred. The Egyptian history of the ductions to aid them in understanding what they read. These period is provided and four routes and possible locations of introductions for each biblical book cover the origin of the Mt. Sinai are discussed, although the map provided only book, the historical and cultural background, the main liter- notes two possible locations for the mountain. The next two ary features and characters, and the structure of the book. chapters on Leviticus and Numbers are perhaps on the brief There is minimal discussion of theology or academic issues; side, but cover the major contents, such as: the festivals, the focus of a course using this textbook would be on reading sacrifices, holiness code, and the important narrative events the Old Testament in order to understand the content of the in Numbers. Chapter nine covers Deuteronomy, introducing books. the idea of the Deuteronomic history and the Josianic reform There are many features that make this a useable textbook. (here too is a brief paragraph on JEDP source criticism). It There are thirty-seven chapters, which can be easily divided covers the major sections of the book and, in order to illus- for a typical length semester. The chapters are mostly short, trate how the material has been edited, it contrasts the Deca- allowing students time to focus on reading the Bible itself. logue in Exodus with the one in Deuteronomy, it includes Each chapter has approximately seven study questions that tables comparing the slave laws in Exod 21 and Deut 15, and aim to make the student reflect on and interact with the bibli- comparing the festival calendars in Exod 23 and Deut 16. cal text; they seem very suitable for starting class discussion Part three covers the Historical Books. Chapter ten and assessing whether students actually did the reading. The describes this grouping, makes the case that these books illustrations are typically artworks or archaeological finds and cover God’s history with Israel, and addresses three major monuments related to the biblical book. There are also helpful issues: which books are preexilic and which are postexilic; maps, timelines, and tables. Each chapter has a short bibliog- how Chronicles reworks material for its early 4th century raphy of works mentioned and commentaries, and typically audience; and the location of Ruth (which is grouped by the include an article summarizing recent scholarship on the authors inconsistently as pre- and post-exilic). Hubbard and book. At the end of the book there is a glossary of terms Dearman’s approach to biblical history is to take the books (though terms defined in the glossary are not marked in the as story, so that there is both factual content and literary main text), a list of Hebrew transliterations, a subject index, shaping, since a historian uses literary features, selects which a scripture index, and an index of other ancient sources. facts to include, and “arbitrarily decides when the principle The book is organized into six sections: 1) Getting Started; of cause and effect link events together” (p. 113). Chapters 2) The Torah; 3) The Historical Books; 4) The Prophets; eleven through fifteen cover Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1-2 Sam- 5) The Poetry; 6) Conclusion. Each major section has an uel, and 1-2 Kings, respectively. For each chapter, they dis- introductory chapter explaining the grouping and giving gen- cuss the origin of the book, the major themes, and interpre- eral information about the biblical books grouped under the tive issues (for example, in Joshua the archaeology of heading. Jericho, Ai, and Hazor is mentioned, Judges discusses the The first section has two chapters, the first of which intro- various interpretations of Jephthah’s sacrifice, and Samuel duces the book as a whole. The second chapter explains the discusses prior sources that have been edited). Chapter six- authors’ approach to the historical context of the Old Testa- teen introduces the Postexilic books, giving the major themes ment and defines the terminology used for the major eras of of the books and some information about Persian period Israel’s history. This chapter describes some scholarly Yehud. Chapters seventeen through nineteen covers 1-2 debates about chronology, and takes sides on some issues Chronicles, Ezra-Nehemiah, and Esther, respectively, and are (such as the late date of a historical exodus), but does not of the same format. Some issues addressed for these books offer an overview of Ancient Near East history (this is cov- are: how Chronicles addresses a different audience than ered piecemeal in later chapters). Kings does, whether Ezra and Nehemiah relied on earlier The Second section deals with the Torah in seven chap- sources, and understanding Esther in light of racism, sexism, ters. The initial chapter describes the genre of the Torah and the holocaust as well as the question of whether the book and explains the terms “Torah,” “Pentateuch,” and “Law.” describes historical events. 169 BOEKBESPREKINGEN — OUDE TESTAMENT 170 Part four covers the Prophets. Chapter twenty, entitled kinsmen-redeemers are called “guardian-redeemers,” and “What is Hebrew Poetry” introduces how Hebrew poetry there are some unique names for offerings and sacrifices. differs from English poetry and describes parallelism based Most bewildering, though, is that in the chapter on Ezra the on Susan Gillingham’s work. Chapter twenty-one is “Who “Festival of Flatbread” is mentioned (which may lead stu- and What were the Prophets?” This chapter defines termi- dents to think pita before they think matzah or lavash), nology for prophets, summarizes the narrative material con- though in the chapter on Leviticus it is called the “feast of cerning biblical prophets, and describes their roles in Israel/ unleavened bread. Judah and the way they spoke and acted. It also describes the This textbook was written to meet the needs of the authors origin of the prophetic books, then defines eschatology and in their classrooms, and it will no doubt be welcomed by illustrates it with the example of Jerusalem. Chapter twenty- other professors who share their needs. Compared to other two covers Isaiah (the authors favor three Isaiahs); chapter similar textbooks, Hubbard and Dearman offer less theology. twenty-two covers Jeremiah (the various editions of the book Zondervans’ A Survey of the Old Testament and Eerdmans’ are mentioned); chapter twenty-four covers Ezekiel; and 1982 book Old Testament Survey both include chapters on chapter twenty-five covers Daniel (and discusses the Apoca- the authority or inspiration of the Old Testament, on theo- lyptic genre and the issue of when the book was composed logical hermeneutics, and talk about the significant theologi- or edited). The Minor Prophets are dealt with in groups based cal themes and contributions of the individual biblical books. on when Hubbard and Dearman believe the prophets were Compared with these textbooks, Hubbard and Dearman also active: chapter twenty-six covers Hosea, Amos, and Micah; include less discussion of the scholarly issues related to vari- chapter twenty-seven covers Zephaniah, Habakkuk, and ous biblical books. For example, the Zondervan text devotes Joel; chapter twenty-eight covers Jonah, Nahum, and Oba- several pages to the rational for the early versus late dating diah; and chapter twenty-nine covers Haggai, Zechariah, and for a historical exodus, whereas Hubbard and Dearman do Malachi. little to defend their stance. But some professors no doubt Part five is “The Poetry.” The first chapter of this part is prefer their text to give little theology or to avoid strong entitled: “What are the Wisdom Books,” and gives a defini- stances on scholarly debates so that the professor can teach tion of wisdom in the Bible, mentions wisdom in Ancient their own perspective in class.
Recommended publications
  • 히브리어로 성경을 읽자.04과.245..380쪽 (Pdf)
    (qPem); 이 중에서도 제일 중요 한 부분은 [어절억양 5가족]( )이다. 한글로 적혀 있으니까 나머지 부분들도 쭉 한 번 읽고 넘어가기 바란다. 4과에서는 정지선 및 연결선과 50개의 어절억양들을 공부한다. 4과를 쓰면서 어떻게 써야 이 책으로 공부하는 사람들이 편하게 공부할 수 있 을까? 많은 생각을 했다. 첫 째로 공부하기에 편리하도록 하기 위해서 어절억양 이 름들을 모두 우리말로 만들어 제공했다. 4과에서 약 50개의 어절억양들을 소개한 다. 그러나 무엇보다도, (4됵)에서 설명하는 어절억양 5가족에 대해서 이해하고, 히브리어 성경구절에 찍힌 어절억양들을 5가족을 사용하면서 분류해 낼 수 있다면, 4과에서 어절억양 공부는 잘되었다고 본다. 아래 5가족들은 (JM§15i)에서 1-12 가지로 분류한 악센트들이다. 이를 가지고, BHS 번역을 바르게 했는지를 확인하는 방법으로 사용할 수 있도록, [5가족]으로 발전 시켜서 소개한다. 본인도 4과를 이 러한 짜임새를 갖추어 내어놓는 바에 대해서 흡족하게 생각하는 바이다. 4과 공부 내용은 아래와 같다: gt,m, 메테그 "제어“ (4다) ta와 4서 4-8 (4귝) (4뉵) (4댝) (4럭) - 245 - A=기동사,B=기재사,C=강동사,D=강수사,E=강재사,F=사동사,G=사수사,H=겹자에,I=겹자아,J=겹재사,K=포엘,L=포알, M=히트포엘,N=팔렐,O=풀랄,P=히트팔렐,Q=필펠,R=폴펠,S=히펠,T=퍼알랄,U=티펠,V=히씨타펠,W=넉자어근,X=싸펠 ( =-- 절휴지표 & =--+반절휴지표 + =--제2반절표)i ( =삼각점분. & =| -막대체인분. + =지팡이분, -고리분) ( =강한쌍점, =쌍점분 + =-위엣, =--쌍위엣분, =-화살분) ( =-제2반절표 + =-점빗금분, =--빗금분, =-쌍빗금분) ( =-다이아분 + =-갈림분, =-뿔분, =--쌍뿔분) 다른 억양들은 쭉 한두 번 읽어 보면서, 어느 기호가 분리억양인지 연결억양 인지를 식별할 정도로만 이해하고 5과로 넘어가면 충분하다. 필요할 때면 쉽게 찾 아 볼 수 있도록 어절억양 기호 표를 Book V 뒤편에 붙였다. 이렇게 찾아보면서 사용하다 보면 언젠가는 자연스럽게 내 것이 된다. 어절억양은 찍힌 그대로 알아 볼 수 있으면 족하다.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comprehensive Analysis of Psalm 137, a Communal Lament
    A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF PSALM 137, A COMMUNAL LAMENT By Chan, Kwok Leung Desmond Presented to the Faculty of Dallas International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts with major in Applied Linguistics Dallas International University April 2020 ©2020 Chan, Kwok Leung Desmond All Rights Reserved CERTIFICATE acknowledge that use of copyrighted material in my thesis may place me under an obligation to the copyright owner, especially when use of such material exceeds usual fair use provisions. I hereby certify that I have obtained the written permission of the copyright owner for any and all such occurrences and that no portion of my thesis has been copyrighted previously unless properly referenced. I hereby agree to indemnify and hold harmless Dallas Intermational University from any and all claims that may be asserted or that may arise from any copyright violation. Signature Date THESIS DUPLICATION RELEASE to this thesis T hereby authorize the Dallas International University Library duplicate when needed for research and/or scholarship. Agreed: (student signature) Refused: (student signature) ABSTRACT A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF PSALM 137, A COMMUNAL LAMENT Chan, Kwok Leung Desmond Master of Arts with major in Applied Linguistics Dallas International University, April 2020 Supervising Professors: Arden G. Sanders and Joshua L. Harper Poetry is a common literary form of the Old Testament. However, poetry is not easy to understand or translate. This thesis is a comprehensive analysis of Ps 137, which is commonly regarded as a communal lament. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how to prepare an in-depth analysis of Hebrew poetry, which serves as the foundation for a proper translation of Hebrew poetry, using Ps 137 as an example.
    [Show full text]
  • Conversations
    CONVERSATIONS Orthodoxy: Widening Perspectives Autumn 2020/5781 Issue 36 CONVERSATIONS CONTENTS In Honor of Rabbi Hayyim Angel, on His 25 Years of Rabbinic Service v RABBI MARC ANGEL Editor’s Introduction vii RABBI HAYYIM ANGEL How the Torah Broke with Ancient Political Thought 1 JOSHUA BERMAN Walking Humbly: A Brief Interpretive History of Micah 6:8 13 ERICA BROWN It’s in the Gene(alogy): Family, Storytelling, and Salvation 21 STUART HALPERN Hassidim and Academics Unite: The Significance of Aggadic Placement 30 YITZHAK BLAU Love the Ger: A Biblical Perspective 37 HAYYIM ANGEL Does the Gender Binary Still Exist in Halakha? 47 NECHAMA BARASH Four Spaces: Women’s Torah Study in American Modern Orthodoxy 68 RACHEL FRIEDMAN Three Short Essays 74 HAIM JACHTER The Yemima Method: An Israeli Psychological-Spiritual Approach 89 YAEL UNTERMAN You Shall Love Truth and Peace 103 DANIEL BOUSKILA Agnon’s Nobel Speech in Light of Psalm 137 108 JEFFREY SAKS Re-Empowering the American Synagogue: A Maslovian Perspective 118 EDWARD HOFFMAN Yearning for Shul: The Unique Status of Prayer in the Synagogue 125 NATHANIEL HELFGOT Halakha in Crisis Mode: Four Models of Adaptation 130 ARYEH KLAPPER Responsiveness as a Greatmaking Property 138 ANDREW ARKING Religious Communities and the Obligation for Inclusion 147 NATHAN WEISSLER SUBMISSION OF ARTICLES If you wish to submit an article to Conversations, please send the Senior Editor (mdangel@jewishideas.org) or the Editor (hangel@jewishideas.org) a short description of the essay you plan to write. Articles should be written in a conversa- tional style and should be submitted typed, double spaced, as Word documents.
    [Show full text]
  • A Grammar of the Hebrew Language
    6,Z5VO/ Stom t^e £i6rare of Q^equeaf^e^ fig ^im to t^e feifirarg of (Princeton C^eofo^caf ^emtndtg 1/. I GRAMMAR OF TPTE HEBREW LANGUAGE. BY / WILLIAM HENRY GREEN, PROFESSOR IN THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY AT PRINCETON, N. J. jarto ISiJttton. (CAREFULLY RKVISED THROUGHOUT AND THE SYNTAX GREATLY ENLARGED. Part I.— Orthoaraphy and. Etyixiology. NEW YORK: JOHN WILEY & SONS, PUBLISHERS, 15 AsTOR Place. 1888. Copyright, 1888, by JOHN WILEY & SONSk PREFACE. The twenty-seven years, which have elapsed since the first publication of this Grammar, have been exceed- ingly fruitful in the philological and exegetical study of the Old Testament. And important progress has been made toward a more thorough and accurate knowledge of the grammatical structure of the Hebrew language. This edition of the Grammar has been carefully revised throughout that it may better represent the advanced state of scholarship on this subject. Nearly every page exhibits corrections or additions of greater or less conse- quence. And the Syntax particularly, which was not fully elaborated before, has been greatly enlarged, and for the most part entirely rewritten. The plan of the Grammar, the method of treatment, and in general the order of the sections are unchanged. And little occasion has been found to alter the more general and comprehen- sive statements, which are distinguished by being printed in large type. The changes are chiefly in the addition of fuller details enlarging and multiplying the para- graphs in small type. The principle of eschewing all supposititious forms and adducing none but such as really occur in the Old Testa- ment, has been steadfastly adhered to as heretofore, with the view of rigorously conforming all rules and examples to the actual phenomena of the language.
    [Show full text]
  • Theme and Variation in Psalm 111: Phrase and Foot in Generative-Metrical Perspective1
    Journal of Semitic Studies LIV/1 Spring 2009 doi:10.1093/jss/fgn041 © The author. PublishedTHEME by Oxford AND University VARIATION Press on IN behalf PSALM of the 111 University of Manchester. All rights reserved. THEME AND VARIATION IN PSALM 111: PHRASE AND FOOT IN GENERATIVE-METRICAL PERSPECTIVE1 VINCENT DECAEN UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO Abstract This programmatic paper approaches the metre of biblical poetry as a problem in generative metrics. Recalling the earlier proposal of Kurylowicz (1972, 1975), it is argued that the organizational princi- ples of the Tiberian liturgical chant (syllable, foot, and, crucially, pho- nological phrase) are also the metrical principles of biblical poetry — or at least that of Job, Proverbs and a fair portion of the Psalms. When the musical transformations of the poetic accent system are taken into account, Psalm 111 conforms to Kurylowicz’s 2+2 phrases per verse. However, the 2+2 analysis only scratches the surface: the distribution of foot-, word- and line-types in Psalm 111 is also regu- lated by prosodic principles. 1 A special word of thanks to Elan Dresher, to whom this paper is dedicated, and whose continued support and encouragement through the years have kept me working away at generative grammar and Tiberian Hebrew phonology (or as I pre- fer, ‘generative Masoretics’). It should be obvious that Dresher’s seminal 1994 study is my constant inspiration throughout. I must also recognize John Hobbins and his invaluable online resources, espe- cially his detailed bibliographies and history of research (see http://ancienthebrew poetry.typepad.com). He was quick with voluminous and insightful feedback on earlier drafts, and the study is many times better as a result.
    [Show full text]
  • JUDAISM Facts and Fundamentals
    Facts and JUDAISM Fundamentals By the grace of G-d Please note: This book contains sacred text and should be treated with the appropriate respect. In the event it needs discarding, please forward to a Rabbi to be dis- carded according to Jewish Law. Special thanks and appreciation to Rabbi Elchonon Friedman, Spiritual leader at "Bnai Emunah - Chabad" and member of the “Vaad Harabonim of Pittsburgh”, for reviewing the content of this book and his approbation. © Copyright 2017 THE ALEPH INSTITUTE North East Region Hyman & Martha Rogal Center 5804 Beacon Street • Pittsburgh, PA 15217 412.421-0111 • Fax: 412-521-5948 www.alephne.org • info@alephne.org TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents . 1 Kiddush . 57 Dedication to Rebbe . 2 Special meals . 58 Preface . 4 Special dress . 59 Introduction . 5 Havdalah . 60 G-d . 5. Melave Malka . 61 Man . 7 Land of Israel . 62. Torah . 8 Moshiach . 64 Mitzvos . 13 The Next Step . 65 Reward and Punishment . 14 13 Principles of Faith . 66 After Life . 15 Holidays . 68 Blessings . 17 Elul . 69. Tzitzith . 24 Rosh Hashanah . 71 Tefillin . 25. Ten Days of Repentance . 73 Prayer . 28 Yom Kippur . 75 Selection of Prayers . 31 Succos . 78 Shemoneh Esrai . 36 Hoshana Rabbah . 80 The Daily Services . 39 Shemini Atzeres . 81 Insight and Outlook . 40 Simchas Torah . 82 Talmud Torah . 43 Chanukah . 83 Kashrus . 44 Chamishah Oser B'Shvat . 86 Acts of Kindness . 48 Purim . 87 Tzedakah . 49 Pesach . 90. Ahavas Yisroel . 50 Pesach Sheni . 99 Mezuzah . 51 Lag B'Omer . 99 Teshuva . 53 Shavuos . 101. Shabbos . 54 Aleph Institute Programs . 104 Lighting Shabbos Candles .
    [Show full text]
  • Cantillation Marks
    http://www.sagreiss.org sagreiss@sagreiss.org CCaannttiilllliizzeerr Distributional Analysis of Cantillation Marks Author: Scott Alexander Gabriel Reiss Developers: Music Editors: Susan Owen, John Wheeler, John McMurtery What imagination the scrupulous originators manifested in these creative pictographical representations. It is paramount to translate with precision this message transmitted with so much love.1 Suzanne Haïk-Vantoura Cover Page Cantillizer is copyright © protected under the LGPL (GNU Lesser General Public License). This text is copyright © protected under the FDL (GNU Free Documentation License). Cover Page 1 http://www.sagreiss.org sagreiss@sagreiss.org Table of Contents Cover Page ...................................................................................... 1 Table of Contents ............................................................................ 2 Table of Figures .............................................................................. 3 1 Cantillation .................................................................................. 5 1.1 Vocalization ............................................................................................... 5 1.2 Semiotics ................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Versification ............................................................................................... 8 1.4 Hermeneutics ............................................................................................ 8 2 Architecture
    [Show full text]
  • The Syntax of Masoretic Accents in the Hebrew Bible
    THE SYNTAX OF MASORETIC ACCENTS IN THE HEBREW BIBLE (Second edition, revised and corrected) by James D. Price, Ph.D. Temple Baptist Seminary Copyright 1990, 2010 James D. Price All rights reserved. ii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my friend and colleague, Dr. Hermann J. Austel, Academic Dean and Professor of Old Testament and Biblical Languages at Northwest Baptist Seminary, Tacoma, Washington. He has been a lifelong exam- ple of academic and spiritual excellence. iii iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DEDICATION ....................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................. xi PREFACE ............................................................................................................. xv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................. xvii INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1 Hebrew's Non-Vowel Marks .............................................................................. 1 Textual Problems ............................................................................................ 1 Masoretic Notes .............................................................................................. 2 Phonetic Union...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Yours. “The Rebbe” Welcome
    ב״ה THE VISIONARY LEADER WHO SPOKE ONLY ONE LANGUAGE: RABBI MENACHEM M. SCHNEERSON YOURS. “THE REBBE” WELCOME ABOUT YOU. s a twenty-first century Jew, you are likely familiar with the name Chabad, have probably heard of The Rebbe and may A even know one or more of his 4,000 emissaries. Chabad Jewish centers and services thrive in 48 U.S. States and 81 countries worldwide. Yet—cover image notwithstanding—this magazine is not really about the greatness of the Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem M. Schneer- son of righteous memory. This magazine is about the greatness of everyone else. Over 40 years of public leadership, the Rebbe showed unshakeable trust in every person’s ability to make this world a di- vine place. With unquestioning love and a soft sense of urgency, he provided the tools for millions to find that ability within themselves. Twenty years after the Rebbe’s passing (1994), we share the stories, essays and in- sights ahead, to offer a small taste of a man and a message are of timeless value. LEARN MORE ONLINE THEREBBE.ORG A comprehensive experience of biography, personal encounters and audio/visual record- ings on the Rebbe and his ongoing impact. Diane Abrams visits the Rebbe with her CHABAD.ORG daughter Becky who was The #1 Judaism site online delivering born to the 49-year-old inspiration, education, study and practice for Abrams after the Rebbe’s every level of interest and familiarity. unexpected blessing. See First Person, page 18 Yossi Melamed, 1988 / JEM Find your local Chabad Center visit Chabad.org/centers 3 CONTENTS FEATURES Page
    [Show full text]
  • A Treatise on the Accentuation of the Three So-Called Poetical Books On
    HEBREW ACCENTUATION WICKES Honfcon HENRY FROWDE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE 7 PATERNOSTER ROW n"DN TREATISE ON THE ACCENTUATION OF THE THBEE SO-CALLED POETICAL BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT, PSALMS, PROVERBS, AND JOB WITH AN APPENDIX CONTAINING THE TREATISE, ASSIGNED TO R. JEHUDA BEN-BII/AH, ON THE SAME SUBJECT, IN THE ORIGINAL ARABIC. BY WILLIAM WICKES, D.D. AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1881 [All rights reserved.] -n 1\ PREFACE, IN preparing the following treatise I have had to depend almost entirely on my own investigations. The Christian accentuologists of the 1 7th and i8th centuries, to whom we owe the discovery of the leading principles that underlie the Hebrew accentuation, I all were not successful (as, presume, who have consulted their Works will allow) in dealing with the peculiar system of the three so-called Poetical Books. I have gained therefore but little help from them. In the present century, only two scholars, Ewald and Baer, have ventured on an independent examination 1 of the subject. Ewald's speculations I have not been able to 2 accept. Baer's treatises which shew very careful preparation, ^tODHJD and are valuable, as containing (like Heidenheim's D^ft^tDn for the twenty-one Books) the traditional views handed down by Rabbinical authorities I did not find reach far enough for my purpose. I may draw attention to one respect in which the present Work differs from any of those which have preceded it. It is founded, in a great measure, on an extensive examination of MSS. I soon saw that even our best texts need correction, as far as the accents are without a correct I could not concerned ; and that, text, hope to establish any rules on a satisfactory basis.
    [Show full text]
  • Typesetting the Holy Bible in Hebrew, with TEX
    Typesetting the Holy Bible in Hebrew, with TEX Yannis Haralarnbous Centre d'~tudeset de Recherche sur le Traitement Automatique des Langues Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, Paris. Private address: 187, rue Nationale, 59800 Lille, France. Yanni s .Haralambous@univ-lillel.fr Abstract This paper presents Tiqwah, a typesetting system for Biblical Hebrew, that uses the combined efforts of TEX, METAFONT and GNU Flex. The author describes its use and its features, discusses issues relevant to the design of fonts and placement of floating diacritics, and gives a list of rare cases and typographcal curiosa which can be found in the Bible. The paper concludes with an example of Hebrew Biblical text (the beginning of the book of Genesis) typeset by Tiqwah . Introduction cannot be guessed out of the context (for example in names or foreign words), or in cases where the text is The Tiqwah system uses the possibilities of TEX, extremely important and should by no means be al- METAFONT and GNU Flex to typeset Biblical Hebrew. tered (the case of holy texts, like the Bible), short vow- Ths is not a simple task: (a) special fonts had to els have been added, in the form of diacritics. This be created, described in the section 'Fonts for type- is the first level of hacritization; it can be applied to setting the Holy Bible in Hebrew' on page 177; (b) any text; at school, chddren first learn vowelized He- several levels of diacritics are required; they have brew. to be entered in a reasonable way (see 'Vowels' on A second degree of diacritization is the use of page 176, and 'Masoretic accents and other symbols' cantillation marks or Masoretic marks or neumesm2 on page 176), and placed correctly under or over This method of &acritization applies only to the He- the characters (see 'An algorithm for placing floating brew Bible.
    [Show full text]
  • Fine Judaica, 21141 418 AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN SILVER FILIGREE SPICE TOWER
    F i n e J u d a i C a . printed booKs, manusCripts, autograph Letters, CeremoniaL obJeCts & WorKs oF art K e s t e n b au m & C om pa n y Wednesday, m a rCh 12th, 2014 K est e n bau m & C o m pa ny . Auctioneers of Rare Books, Manuscripts and Fine Art A Lot 308 Catalogue of F i n e J u d a i C a . PRINTED BOOK S, MANUSCRIPTS, AUTOGRAPH LETTERS, CEREMONIAL OBJECTS & GRAPHIC A RT ——— To be Offered for Sale by Auction, Wednesday, 12th March, 2014 at 3:00 pm precisely ——— Viewing Beforehand: Sunday, 9th March - 12:00 pm - 6:00 pm Monday, 10th March - 10:00 pm - 6:00 pm Tuesday, 11th March - 10:00 am - 6:00 pm No Viewing on the Day of Sale This Sale may be referred to as: “Ozmo” Sale Number Sixty-One Illustrated Catalogues: $38 (US) * $45 (Overseas) KestenbauM & CoMpAny Auctioneers of Rare Books, Manuscripts and Fine Art . 242 West 30th street, 12th Floor, new york, NY 10001 • tel: 212 366-1197 • Fax: 212 366-1368 e-mail: Kestenbook@aol.com • World Wide Web site: www.Kestenbaum.net K est e n bau m & C o m pa ny . Chairman: Daniel E. Kestenbaum Operations Manager: Jackie S. Insel Client Accounts: S. Rivka Morris Client Relations: Sandra E. Rapoport, Esq. (Consultant) Printed Books & Manuscripts: Rabbi Eliezer Katzman Ceremonial & Graphic Art: Abigail H. Meyer Catalogue Art Director and Photographer: Anthony Leonardo Auctioneer: Mark O. Howald (NYCDCA License no: 1460490) For all inquiries relating to this sale please contact: Daniel E.
    [Show full text]