DOCSLIB.ORG

TERRORIST ATTACK at the HEADQUARTER of the KURDISTAN DEMOCRATIC PARTY العربیە English

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
TERRORIST ATTACK at the HEADQUARTER of the KURDISTAN DEMOCRATIC PARTY العربیە English Kurdistan Democratic Party KDP-Iran TERRORIST ATTACK AT THE HEADQUARTER OF THE KURDISTAN DEMOCRATIC PARTY العربیە English An announcement about Additionally, two Peshmerga of Party the terrorist attack at the and two security guards were injured as a result of this terrorist explosion. headquarter of Kurdistan We condemn this terrorist attack and Democratic Party express our condolence and sympathy to the families of those who murdered Kurdistan Democratic Party Democratic Kurdistan KDP-Iran For the Public Information in this attack. We wish quick recovery A terrorist explosion happened close to the for those injured. 4 Kurdistan Democratic Party’s headquarter, at We add that the investigation process which 6 persons were killed and 4 injured. has already initiated and the investigation Tonight December 20th, 2016, two explosions forces and related officials are in place happened in the front of Kurdistan Democratic right now accomplishing their job. 21 Des. 2016 Party headquarter at 10 PM (Erbil local time). We will provide more information in While people who were leaving the headquarter following announcements later when after being attending the memorial ceremony we have access to more details. Terror not our answer Terror honoring Dr. Ghassemlou the Party headquarter was targeted by two explosions at which 6 Kurdistan Democratic Party persons were killed and 4 were injured during (KDP-Iran) this terrorist attack. Political Bureau December 20th, 2016 Here is the name of those killed: 1. Ali Qoitasi, (KDP-Iran) member 2. Vahab Mirkhezri, (KDP-Iran) member 3. Salar Bagheri, (KDP-Iran) Peshmerga 4. Arsalan Abbasnia, (KDP-Iran) Peshmerga 5. Naser Karimi, Kurdistan Democratic youth organization member 6. Adnan Abdulla, Security guard Announcement concerning Terrorist Attack to our Headquarter To: Kurdish people in eastern and other parts of Kurdistan, Kurdistan and Iranian political parties and intellectuals, Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) institutions, Embassies, consulates and other diplomatic representations in Kurdistan, Humanitarian and international organizations, Kurdistan Democratic Party Democratic Kurdistan KDP-Iran On December 20th, 2016, there was a cultural ceremony honoring Dr. Ghassemlou 5 in Kurdistan Democratic Party headquarter arranged by Democratic Youth Union of East-Kurdistan. A large number of Party members, their families and advocates of the party were attending the ceremony. It was almost 21:50 local time (Arbil) when the first bomb which was placed in a store very close to the ceremony venue exploded. When 21 Des. 2016 several Peshmerga and KRG security guard (Asayesh) went to check the place, the second bomb exploded and consequently6 persons lost their lives and 4 injured. One of those wounded passed away 12 hours later in the hospital and as a result the number not our answer Terror of casualties changed to 7 murdered including five party members and 2 KRG security guard. It is obvious that this terrorist attack was planned to kill a large number of our party members and their families. The terrorist agents who could not enter the ceremony venue, chose to leave the bombs in the nearest place to the venue; namely, in that store where people would gather after the ceremony to go home. Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP-Iran) in its 1st announcement solely mentioned the name of casualties and avoided to provide further information. We have never had doubt that Islamic Republic of Iran is involved in this terrorist attack to our headquarter. Our representative who appeared in various TV news programs or mass media after this attack, they all pointed out and emphasized on the fact that Iranian regime is involved in this terrorist attack. Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP-Iran) has reasons and evidences which indicate that Iranian regime is behind this attack. During 90s, Iranian regime carried out assassinations, terrorist bombings and attacks to Iranian Kurdish political activists and their families living in Iraqi Kurdistan which caused hundreds of casualties. In addition to having such a dark background of killing the opposition members in Iraqi Kurdistan, authorities of Iranian regime especially the commanders of the revolutionary guards recently during the last summer in a public announcement threatened to attack Kurdistan Democratic party’s members and bases wherever they have the possibility. Furthermore, during the past years, the security committee of our party has been able to neutralize several terrorist plans and managed to gather information from agents revealing that they were assigned by the Iranian regime to carry out those plans or attacks. According to our information, Iranian revolutionary guard and intelligence have been trying to target our bases and our well-known faces for a long period. To realize their plan, they contacted some of their connections from the 90s and asked for their cooperation. The fact that during the past 2 years several terrorist plans against the Iranian Kurdish opposition groups in Iraqi Kurdistan have been detected, neutralized and the agents have been sent back to Iran can be considered as another proof. The collected information from the December 20th attack, even if those information need more time to be processed but make us even more certain that the Iranian regime ordered and carried out this attack. We request all those who read this announcement to look at this attack against KDP- Iran as a beginning for a new series of terrorist attack to be carried out in Iraqi Kurdistan by Iranian regime. Kurdistan Democratic Party Democratic Kurdistan KDP-Iran Iraqi Kurdistan paid a high price with regard to its political reliability during 90s due to those terrorist attack by the Iranian regime against the Iranian Kurds carried out 6 in Iraqi Kurdistan. The relationship, trust and the solidarity between Iranian and Iraqi Kurds damaged dramatically. The addressees of this announcement need to: · Be loud in condemning this types of terrorism supported by the Iranian regime. · Control the Iranian institutions and agencies in Iraqi Kurdistan. 21 Des. 2016 · Take the responsibility of guarantying security for Iranian Kurdish Political parties, their bases and their members · Show their solidarity and support for the camp against the type of terrorism supported Terror not our answer Terror by Iranian regime outside Iran. Kurdistan democratic party addresses all the Kurdish Political parties and organizations from Eastern part of Kurdistan and reminds the necessity of creating a joint front not only for the sake of our struggle but also for the sake of our security and being able to survive all the terrorist plans and threats by Islamic Regime of Iran in Iraqi Kurdistan due to its presence in Iraqi Kurdistan. It is time for Iranian Kurdish opposition groups to open a new page in their relation and cooperation. Once more we attract the attention of the international community and the countries in the region to the fact that the presence of Iranian forces in Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen and other countries in the region is not for the sake of fighting against terrorism but for the sake of expanding their political hegemony and supporting their ideological alliances in the region. Their intention is not to improve democracy, peace or human rights but to keep their alliances in power at any price and to support a specific religious ideology in the region. Iranian regime’s participation in the international fight against terrorism and religious extremism is paradoxical since they resort to terrorism wherever and whenever they face political criticism or they have the possibility to omit or suppress their opposing groups. Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP-Iran) use this opportunity to express its appreciation for the sympathy and condolence messages received after the terrorist attack to its headquarter. The Presidency of Kurdistan Region, KRG´s Council of Ministers, Kurdistan Parliament groups, various political parties and organizations from all parts of Kurdistan, they all sent messages or published official statements to express their sympathy and to condemn terrorism. A large number of representatives from all those above-mentioned groups attended the funeral and commemoration ceremony in KDP- Iran’s headquarter. We also appreciate Koysinjaq inhabitants who paid a visit to the injured casualties in the hospital and donate blood or tried to show their solidarity with us in any other forms. It is worthy to thanks the Koya KRG security forces who were present in the scene immediately to help and to begin their investigation at the place. We hope their investigation come to conclusion soon and they provide the result of their investigation in public. When it comes to the Kurdistan Democrat family and their reaction to this attack, it needs to be pointed out that as in many other cases both sides of Iranian Kurdistan Democrats were together mourning and showing their solidarity. Kurdistan Democratic Party Democratic Kurdistan KDP-Iran Iranian regime’s terrorist attack to Kurdistan Democratic party headquarter caused a 7 lot of sympathy messages from Kurds inside Iran and from Iranian opposition groups to reach us. Our sympathizers and advocates from inside Iran have contacted us and condemned this attack. The Iranian opposition groups also expressed their solidarity and we hope this can become a reason to create more harmony among us and become 21 Des. 2016 a starting point for a better and stronger cooperation among Iranian opposition groups. It can motivate us to be even more determined in our struggle against injustice and terrorism supported by Iranian Islamic regime. Terror not our answer Terror We take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the mass media groups that helped us to show this crime to the whole world and helped us when it comes to media coverage for this attack. Once more we express our condolences to the families of casualties, our members and advocates all over the world and promise them that we are even more motivated in pursuing the justice, our rights, democracy and peace.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • EASO Rapport D'information Sur Les Pays D'origine Iraq Individus Pris
    European Asylum Support Office EASO Rapport d’information sur les pays d’origine Iraq Individus pris pour cible Mars 2019 SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION European Asylum Support Office EASO Rapport d’information sur les pays d’origine Iraq Individus pris pour cible Mars 2019 D’autres informations sur l’Union européenne sont disponibles sur l’internet (http://europa.eu). ISBN: 978-92-9485-051-5 doi: 10.2847/95098 © European Asylum Support Office 2019 Sauf indication contraire, la reproduction est autorisée, moyennant mention de la source. Pour les contenus reproduits dans la présente publication et appartenant à des tierces parties, se référer aux mentions relatives aux droits d’auteur desdites tierces parties. Photo de couverture: © Joel Carillet, un drapeau iraquien flotte sur le toit de l’église syro- orthodoxe Saint-Ephrem de Mossoul (Iraq), qui a été fortement endommagée, quelques mois après que ce quartier de Mossoul a été repris à l’EIIL. L’emblème de l’EIIL était peint sur la façade du bâtiment durant l’occupation de Mossoul par l’EIIL. EASO RAPPORT D’INFORMATION SUR LES PAYS D’ORIGINE IRAQ: INDIVIDUS PRIS POUR CIBLE — 3 Remerciements Le présent rapport a été rédigé par des experts du centre de recherche et de documentation (Cedoca) du bureau belge du Commissariat général aux réfugiés et aux apatrides. Par ailleurs, les services nationaux d’asile et de migration suivants ont procédé à une relecture du présent rapport, en concertation avec l’EASO: Pays-Bas, Bureau des informations sur les pays et de l’analyse linguistique, ministère de la justice Danemark, service danois de l’immigration La révision apportée par les départements, experts ou organisations susmentionnés contribue à la qualité globale du rapport, mais ne suppose pas nécessairement leur approbation formelle du rapport final, qui relève pleinement de la responsabilité de l’EASO.
    [Show full text]
  • The Application of English Theories to Sorani Phonology
    Durham E-Theses The Application of English Theories to Sorani Phonology AHMED, ZHWAN,OTHMAN How to cite: AHMED, ZHWAN,OTHMAN (2019) The Application of English Theories to Sorani Phonology, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/13290/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk The Application of English Theories to Sorani Phonology Zhwan Othman Ahmed A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Modern Languages and Cultures Durham University 2019 Abstract This thesis investigates phonological processes in Sorani Kurdish within the framework of Element Theory. It studies two main varieties of Sorani spoken in Iraq which are Slemani and Hawler. Since the phonology of SK is one of the least studied areas in Kurdish linguistics and the available studies provide different accounts of its segments, I start by introducing the segmental system of the SK dialect group.
    [Show full text]
  • The Phonology of Pharyngeals and Pharyngealization in Pre-Modern Aramaic
    The Phonology of Pharyngeals and Pharyngealization in Pre-Modern Aramaic Robert D. Hoberman Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 105, No. 2. (Apr. - Jun., 1985), pp. 221-231. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0003-0279%28198504%2F06%29105%3A2%3C221%3ATPOPAP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-O Journal of the American Oriental Society is currently published by American Oriental Society. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/journals/aos.html. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. The JSTOR Archive is a trusted digital repository providing for long-term preservation and access to leading academic journals and scholarly literature from around the world. The Archive is supported by libraries, scholarly societies, publishers, and foundations. It is an initiative of JSTOR, a not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community take advantage of advances in technology. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Trans-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic1
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ZENODO Bulletin of SOAS, 71, 3 (2008), 409–431. E School of Oriental and African Studies. Printed in the United Kingdom. Trans-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic1 Hezy Mutzafi Tel Aviv University [email protected] Abstract The present article seeks to describe a major group of Jewish North- Eastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA) dialects located across the Great Zab river in the eastern and south-eastern parts of the dialectological map of NENA, hence the term ‘‘Trans-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic’’ (‘‘Trans-Zab’’, for short) chosen for this dialect group. A large set of phonological, morphophonological, morphological and lexical innova- tions, shared by all members of this group, is presented. Each of the Trans-Zab features is compared with contrastive parallel features in other, selected NENA varieties. Finally, an internal classification of Trans-Zab into three subdivisions is proposed, based on a comparison of three respective paradigms of the positive present copula. I. Introduction North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA) is an extremely diverse group of Christian and Jewish Aramaic varieties exhibiting an intricate maze of crisscrossing isoglosses that render its subgrouping a very difficult task indeed. One major difficulty in this regard is distinguishing between shared innovations, which are the result of genetic inheritance from a common ancestor, and other common innovations which are irrelevant to genetic classification, being the result of parallel independent developments or areal diffusion across various dialect clusters. An attempt at a comprehensive subgrouping of NENA would be, to my mind, premature at the present stage of imperfect knowledge of this group’s 1 Note the following abbreviations: Ar.
    [Show full text]
  • Clans, Tribes and Their Locality in Chechnya, Albania, Afghanistan and Iraq
    Appendix Clans, Tribes and Their Locality in Chechnya, Albania, Afghanistan and Iraq While compiling the lists with clans the author found that in some cases lists do not (completely) overlap. Since the sources are trustworthy, they are indicated here. This shows the importance of correct knowledge of clans and their influence in the areas they are inhabiting. 1 Clans in Chechnya1 Confederation Clans Localisation A’kkhiï Bartchakhoï, J’evoï, Ziogoï, In the east of Chechnya, Pkhiartchoï, Pkhiartchakhoï, near Daghestan; North of Nokkhoï, Va’ppiï Daghestan Malkhiï Amkhoï, Bia’stiï, Bienastkhoï, In the south west of Italtchkhoï, Kamalkhoï, Chechnya, along the frontier Kkhoratkhoï, Kiegankhoï, with Ingushetia and Georgia Mechiï, Sakankhoï, Teratkhoï, Tchiarkhoï, Erkhoï, Yamkhoï Nokhtchmakhkoï Aïtkhaloï, Belguiatoï, Benoï, East, Southeast and part of Biltoï, Guandarguenoï, central Chechnya Guiordaloï, Gouonoï, Zandak’oï, Ikhiiroï, Ichkhoï, Kourchaloï, Sessankhoï, Tchermoï, Tsientaroï, Tchartoï, Eguiachbatoï, Enakkhaloï, Enganoï, Chouonoï, Yalkhoï, Yaliroï Terloï Nik’aroï, O’chniï, Cho’ndiï, Along the Tchanty-Argun Eltpkh’arkhoï 1 M.A. Mamakaev. Le taipe (lignee) tchétchène dans la période de sa désintégration (Grozny: Maison d’édition tchétchéno-ingouche, 1973), 18–19 in Viacheslav Avioutskii, 54. © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, ���� | doi:10.1163/9789004415485_013 Charlotte Hille - 9789004415485 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 01:32:57AM via free access <UN> �36 APPENDIX: CLANS, TRIBES AND THEIR LOCALITY Confederation Clans Localisation
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Iraqi Kurdistan and the PKK
    Deconstructing Ethnic Conflict and Sovereignty in Explanatory International Relations: The Case of Iraqi Kurdistan and the PKK Submitted by Johannes Černy to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy in Ethno-Political Studies in September 2014 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: _____Johannes Cerny_____________________ 1 2 Abstract: This study is essentially a critique of how the three dominant paradigms of explanatory international relations theory – (neo-)realism, liberalism, and systemic constructivism – conceive of, analytically deal with, and explain ethnic conflict and sovereignty. By deconstructing their approaches to ethnic identity formation in general and ethnic conflict in particular it argues that all three paradigms, in their epistemologies, ontologies and methodologies through reification and by analytically equating ethnic groups with states, tend to essentialise and substantialise the ethnic lines of division and strategic essentialisms of ethnic and ethno-nationalist elites they set out to describe, and, all too often, even write them into existence. Particular attention, both at the theoretical and empirical level, will be given to the three explanatory frameworks explanatory IR has contributed to the study of ethnic conflict: the ‘ethnic security dilemma’, the ‘ethnic alliance model’, and, drawing on other disciplines, instrumentalist approaches.
    [Show full text]
  • Kurds and Kurdistan in the View of British Travellers in the Nineteenth Century
    Kurds and Kurdistan in the View of British Travellers in the Nineteenth Century Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Leicester by Qadir Muhammad Muhammad School of History, Politics & International Relations University of Leicester 2017 Abstract Qadir Muhammad Muhammad This thesis is the first critical study of British travel writing on Kurdistan in the nineteenth century based upon travellers‟ accounts and unpublished reports of diplomats. The principal aim is to identify which aspects of Kurdish society and culture were highlighted by the British and to analyse what factors influenced British representations of the region and its people. The travellers‟ emphasis upon Kurdish culture and the Kurds‟ tribal culture, for example, is discussed in terms of contemporary interest in enlightenment sociology and the emergence of anthropology. A second key aim is to establish how far the British understood Kurds from their perspective on people in the East, whether they saw them as part of a homogeneous group of people, and the extent to which they recognised Kurds as culturally, socially, politically, and geographically. Finally, this thesis examines the importance of the Kurdish regions to the British imperial agenda. This research has made some important findings: firstly, it has confirmed that the British travellers were inclined to represent the Kurds as different from the other Muslim societies and therefore complicates our understanding of British views of the Ottoman and Persian empires in the nineteenth century. It shows that although the British depicted the Kurds as barbarous and quarrelsome, their accounts of Kurdistan did not fit a straightforward „Orientalist‟ model, particularly with regard to their observations on Kurdish women and the decline of the nomadic lifestyle.
    [Show full text]
  • Der Neuaramäische Dialekt Von ʾaṛmoṭa
    Der neuaramäische Dialekt von ʾAṛmoṭa Untersuchung zur Phonologie und Morphologie Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Heidelberg vorgelegt von: Kawther Najeeb Askar aus Erbil-ʿAnkawa (Irak) Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Werner Arnold Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Shabo Talay (Freie Universität Berlin) Heidelberg, im September, 2020 INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 1 EINLEITUNG ......................................................................................... 1 1.1 ʾAṛmoṭa, Geographie und Geschichte ............................................................................ 3 1.2 Informationen zu den Christen in ʾAṛmoṭa .................................................................... 5 1.3 Gegenstand der vorliegenden Untersuchung ................................................................. 6 1.4 Zur Methodik ................................................................................................................ 6 1.5 Vom Altsyrischen zum neuaramäischen Dialekt von ʾAṛmoṭa ........................................ 7 1.6 Einflüsse anderer Sprachen ......................................................................................... 10 2 PHONOLOGIE...................................................................................... 13 2.1 Das Konsonantensystem .............................................................................................. 13 2.1.1 Die Entwicklung der begadkefat ........................................................................... 13 2.1.1.1
    [Show full text]
  • Iraq Oil & Gas Report Q2 2011
    Q2 2011 www.businessmonitor.com IRAQ OIL & GAS REPORT INCLUDES BMI'S FORECASTS ISSN 1748-4030 Published by Business Monitor International Ltd. IRAQ OIL & GAS REPORT Q2 2011 INCLUDES 10-YEAR FORECASTS TO 2020 Part of BMI's Industry Report & Forecasts Series Published by: Business Monitor International Copy deadline: February 2011 Business Monitor International © 2011 Business Monitor International. Mermaid House, All rights reserved. 2 Puddle Dock, London, EC4V 3DS, All information contained in this publication is UK copyrighted in the name of Business Monitor Tel: +44 (0) 20 7248 0468 International, and as such no part of this publication Fax: +44 (0) 20 7248 0467 may be reproduced, repackaged, redistributed, resold in Email: [email protected] whole or in any part, or used in any form or by any Web: http://www.businessmonitor.com means graphic, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or by information storage or retrieval, or by any other means, without the express written consent of the publisher. DISCLAIMER All information contained in this publication has been researched and compiled from sources believed to be accurate and reliable at the time of publishing. However, in view of the natural scope for human and/or mechanical error, either at source or during production, Business Monitor International accepts no liability whatsoever for any loss or damage resulting from errors, inaccuracies or omissions affecting any part of the publication. All information is provided without warranty, and Business Monitor International makes no representation of warranty of any kind as to the accuracy or completeness of any information hereto contained. Iraq Oil & Gas Report Q2 2011 © Business Monitor International Ltd Page 2 Iraq Oil & Gas Report Q2 2011 CONTENTS Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • KAS International Reports 08/2013
    50 KAS INTERNATIONAL REPORTS 8|2013 THE TERRITORIAL CONFLICT BETWEEN THE CENTRAL IRAQI GOVERNMENT AND THE KURDISTAN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT Dr. Awat Asadi is a political scientist, freelance journalist and translator based Awat Asadi in Bonn. Ten years ago, on 9 April 2003, live TV pictures docu- mented an act symbolising the collapse of a dictatorship. Using an armoured recovery vehicle, the soldiers of a bri- gade of the 3rd Infantry Division of the U.S. Army toppled a six metre bronze statue of Saddam Hussein. In December 2011 U.S. troops left the country. Yet, all these years later, the political situation in Iraq remains unstable. Although the level of violence has decreased in relative terms, the situation has been exacerbated even further by increasing power struggles. The Kurdish issue has been and remains particularly controversial. The matter has been increas- ingly affecting development and restructuring processes in the country in many areas. THE ORIGIN OF THE CONFLICT The territorial disputes between Iraqi governments and the ethnic Kurds living in the north and northeast of the country (Fig. 1) go back a long way. During the past few decades, these frequently resulted in crises and violent clashes with devastating consequences. Directly after the First World War, this conflict ran its course from 1919 to 1925. During this period, the political landscape in the region underwent a fundamental change. In Paris, the site of the peace negotiations between the victorious powers and the vanquished, the Allies agreed right from the start of the consultations to separate Armenia, Syria, Mesopo- tamia, Kurdistan, Palestine and Arabia from the Ottoman 8|2013 KAS INTERNATIONAL REPORTS 51 Empire.
    [Show full text]
  • Freya Stark's Known Covert Activities in the Middle East, 1927–1943
    Appendix A: Freya Stark’s known covert activities in the Middle East, 1927–1943, compiled from various archival and published sources From To Region Visited Objective/product Client 1927–10 1928 Levant Beirut; Unknown. Probably debriefed SIS/ Damascus; regarding the Jebel Druze WO? Jebel Druze; Palestine; Cairo 1930–04 1930–06 Persia Elburz Cartographic survey (Valley of WO Mountains the Assassins) 1931–08 1931–10 Persia Elburz Cartographic and WO/ Mountains; archaeological surveys (Valley RGS Luristan of the Assassins; Luri graves); RGS reports 1931–10 1933–03 Baghdad – Baghdad Times (mostly) ? 1932–09 1933–02 Persia Luristan Cartographic survey (Pusht-i-­ WO Kuh [uncharted]) 1934–12 1935–04 Yemen Hadhramaut Probably no intelligence. RGS? Aborted (measles) 1937–10 1938–03 Yemen Hadhramaut Probably no intelligence; just RGS RGS reports. (Wakefield archaeological expedition leader) 1939–03 1939–07 Syria Hama, Probably no intelligence RGS? Orontes valley, Aleppo © The Author(s) 2019 261 A. O’Sullivan, The Baghdad Set, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15183-6 262 APPENDIX A: FREYA STARK’S KNOWN COVERT ACTIVITIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST… From To Region Visited Objective/product Client 1939–10 1939–10 Cairo – Meetings in Cairo with various – intelligence personalities: Cawthorn (MEIC), Thornhill (SIS), Clayton (DDMI), et al. 1939–11 1940–02 Aden – Assistant Information Officer. MOI/ Ikhwan al-Hurriya. Bonzo FO scheme 1940–02 1940–03 Yemen Sana’a Political, military, economic MEIC/ intelligence. Persuasion FO 1940–07 1941–03 Cairo Ikhwan. Bonzo scheme MOI/ SOE 1941–03 1943–02 Baghdad Ikhwan MOI 1943–02 1943–03 Delhi Bonzo scheme GOC 1943–04 1943–08 Baghdad Ikhwan MOI Periods between travels spent in the UK and/or Italy.
    [Show full text]
  • Strong Position : عوﺿوﻣﻟا مﺳا How Iran Dealt with Recent ﻋﻧوان اﻟﻣوﺿوع
    Strong Position : ωϭοϭϣϟ΍ϡγ΍ How Iran Dealt with Recent : ωϭοϭϣϟ΍ϥ΍ϭϧϋ Developments in Manbij 07/01/2019 : έηϧϟ΍ΦϳέΎΗ ΔϣΩϘΗϣϟ΍ΕΎγ΍έΩϟ΍ϭΙΎΣΑϸϟϝΑϘΗγϣϟ΍ίϛέϣ : ΏΗΎϛϟ΍ϡγ΍ : ωϭοϭϣϟ΍ 9/25/2021 8:27:42 AM 1 / 2 Iran quickly supported the advance of the Syrian regular forces towards the Kurdish militias-controlled town of Manbij on 28 December 2018, albeit some parties denied that, which indicate that it has begun to re-calibrate its strategies to deal with the new realities after the decision of the US president Donald Trump to withdraw his military forces from Syria on the 19th of the same month.Although the Iranian stance may affect its strong relations with Turkey, as was evident in the recent visit of Iranian President Hassan Rouhani to Ankara and the convening of the fifth meeting of the Iran-Turkey¶s Supreme Council for Strategic Relations, one day later. Iran believes that these developments are consistent with its interests in Syria and the possible escalation with the US and Israel.Numerous ReasonsThe Iranian support for the recent moves taken by the Syrian regime in coordination with the People¶s Protection Units of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) can be attributed to numerous reasons, which are not related only to its view of the developments on the Syrian front, but also to its internal calculations towards the Iranian Kurds and its relations with Turkey, with which it has bilateral and trilateral political and security understandings as part of the Astana talks with Russia. Here are the main reasons: 1- To bolster the Syrian regime¶s position: Tehran believes that the advance of Syrian regular forces towards Manbij, an area of a particular interest to the Kurds and Turkey, strengthens the negotiating position of the Syrian regime ahead of the new talks with the opposition, which are aimed to form the constitutional committee.
    [Show full text]