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El imprimatur que reproducimos a continuación vale para la edición romana del presente texto. Pero aquí lo presentamos para que quede constancia de las debidas licencias bajo las cuales fue publicado originalmente el texto. Vidimus ac Typis Edendam Approbavimus Prof. Gianfrancesco COLZANI (Moderatore) Prof.ssa Sandra MAZZOLINI (1° Correlatore) Prof. Carmelo DOTOLO (2° Correlatore) Imprimi Potest Prof. Alberto TREVISIOL Decano de la Facultad 09 de mayo de 2008 Imprimatur Con aprobación eclesiástica Del Vicariato de Roma, Mons. Mauro PARMEGGIANI Prelado Secretario General 09 de mayo de 2008 Diagramación: Melissa Beatriz Méndez Diseño de Portada: Claudia Elías ISBN: 978-99923-50-21-8 Dedicatoria Con amor y gratitud a mis padres: José Paz CHOPIN y Amalia PORTILLO, por sus sacrificios y por haber orientado a sus hijos siempre por la senda de la justicia. A mis hermanos, de los cuales siempre he recibido afecto y sostenimiento. A mis hermanos sacerdotes. AGRADECIMIENTOS Al Dios de Jesús que me ha dado la salud y el ánimo para terminar este breve escrito. A las autoridades académicas de la Universidad Don Bosco, que han apoyado la publicación del presente texto. A la COOPERATIVA SACERDOTAL LTDA. ARS (COOPESA), que ha financiado una parte de la presente publicación. A todas las personas que siguen apoyando la investigación teológica. SIGLAS Y ABREVIATURAS (orden alfabético) Libros de la Sagrada Escritura Ap Apocalipsis Jl Joel 1 Co 1.ª Corintios Jn Evangelio de Juan 2 Co 2.ª Corintios 1 Jn 1.ª Juan Col Colosenses Lc Evangelio de Lucas 2 Cro 2.ª Crónicas Mc Evangelio de Marcos Ef Efesios Mt Evangelio de Mateo Est Ester 1 P 1.ª Pedro Flp Filipenses Rm Romanos Ga Gálatas St Santiago Gn Génesis Tt Tito Hb Hebreos 2 Tm 2.ª Timoteo Hch Hechos 2 Ts 2.ª Tesalonicenses Is Isaías Actas del Concilio Vaticano II AS Acta Synodalia S. Concilii Oecumenici Vaticani II, Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, Civitas Vaticana, Romae, 26 Voll., 1970-1980. Documentos del Concilio Vaticano II AG Decreto Ad Gentes (7 de diciembre de 1965), AAS 58 (1966), 947-990. GS Constitución Pastoral Gaudium et Spes (7 de diciembre de 1965), AAS 58 (1966), 1025-1120. LG Constitución Dogmática Lumen Gentium (21 de noviembre de 1964), AAS 57 (1965), 5-75. UR Decreto Unitatis Redintegratio (21 de noviembre de 1964), AAS 57 (1965), 90-112. Documentos del Magisterio Pontificio EN Exhortación Apostólica Evangelii Nuntiandi (8 de diciembre de 1975), AAS 68 (1976), 5-76. RM JUAN PABLO II, Carta encíclica Redemptoris Missio (7 de diciembre de 1990), AAS 83/1 (1991), 249-340. TMA JUAN PABLO II, Carta Apostólica Tertio Millennio Adveniente (10 de noviembre de 1994), AAS 87/1 (1995), 5-41. TMI JUAN PABLO II, Carta Apostólica Novo Millennio Ineunte (6 de enero de 2001), AAS 93 (2001), 266-309. UUS JUAN PABLO II, Carta Encíclica Ut Unum Sint (25 de mayo de 1995), AAS 87 (1995), 921-982. VS Carta Encíclica Veritatis Splendor (9 de agosto de 1993), AAS 85 (1993), 1133-1228. Del área centroamericana AC Acción Católica ANEP Asociación Nacional de la Empresa Privada ARENA Alianza Republicana Nacionalista ASC Asamblea de Sectores Civiles C. A. Centro América CEDES Conferencia Episcopal de El Salvador CEG Conferencia Episcopal de Guatemala CNR Comisión Nacional de Reconciliación COOPESA Cooperativa Sacerdotal de El Salvador EGP Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres FAL Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación FAR Fuerzas Armadas Rebeldes FARO Frente Agrario de la Región Oriental FECCAS Federación Cristiana de Campesinos Salvadoreños FIL Fuerzas Irregulares Locales FMLN Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional FPL Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí FUNDAPI Fundación de Ayuda al Pueblo Indígena MLN Movimiento de Liberación Nacional MRP-Ixim Movimiento Revolucionario Popular ODHAG Oficina de Derechos Humanos del Arzobispado de Guatemala ORDEN Organización Democrática Nacionalista ORPA Organización del Pueblo en Armas OSSAG Oficina de Servicio Social del Arzobispado de Guatemala PAC Patrullas de Autodefensa Civil PAN Partido de Avanzada Nacional PCS Partido Comunista Salvadoreño PGT Partido Guatemalteco del Trabajo REMHI Proyecto de Recuperación de la Memoria Histórica SD Su Diario [El Diario de Oscar Arnulfo Romero, San Salvador 2000] SP Su Pensamiento [Colección de homilías de Oscar Arnulfo Romero, 7 vol., San Salvador 2000] UCA Universidad Centroamericana “José Simeón Cañas” URGN Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca UTC Unidad de Trabajadores del Campo Otras abreviaturas AAS Acta Apostolicae Sedis AL América Latina ASETT/EATWOT Asociación Ecuménica de Teólogos y Teólogas del Tercer Mundo AT Antiguo Testamento BAC Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos BTC Collana Biblioteca di Teologia Contemporanea CCC Catecismo de la Iglesia Católica CCL Corpus Christianorum. Series latina CDF Congregación para la Doctrina de la Fe CELAM Conferencia del Episcopado Latinoamericano CEP Centro de Estudios y Publicaciones (Lima, Perú) CICM Congregación del Inmaculado Corazón de María CJ Cristianisme i Justícia CPS Corona Patrum Salesiana. Series graece [P. Ricaldone (dir.), Torino 1934ss.] CTI Comisión Teológica Internacional CTITM Comisión Teológica Internacional de la Sociedad de Teólogos del Tercer Mundo CTP Collana di Testi Patristici [Antonio Quacquarelli (dir.), Roma 1976ss.] Dz Denzinger EŒ Enchiridion Œcumenicum ET Escritos Teológicos EV Enchiridion Vaticanum FP Fuentes Patrísticas [Eugenio Romero Pose (dir.), Madrid 1999ss.] GCS Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller [Otto Stählin (dir.), Leipzig 1936ss.] GDT Collana Giornale di Teologia MSC Misioneros del Sagrado Corazón NBA Nuova Biblioteca Agostiniana [Agostino Trapé (dir.), Roma 1965ss.] NN.UU. Naciones Unidas NT Nuevo Testamento PG Padres Griegos [J.-P. Migne (dir.), Paris 1886ss.] PL Padres Latinos [J.-P. Migne (dir.), Paris 1878ss.] PUG Pontificia Universidad Gregoriana PUL Pontificia Universidad Lateranense PUU Pontificia Universidad Urbaniana s.a. Sin año s.n. Sin número SC Sources Chrétiennes (H. de Lubac, J. Daniélou, C. Mondésert, Du Cerf (dir.), Paris 1955ss.) SelTeol Selecciones de Teología (revista teológica de Barcelona) TdL Teología de la Liberación UFCO United Fruit Company PREFACIO El P. Juan Vicente Chopin Portillo me ha solicitado elaborar una presentación de un fragmento de su tesis doctoral, titulada LA IGLESIA DE LOS MÁRTIRES. Una lectura latinoamericana: Guatemala y El Salvador (1977-1998), preparada y defendida en la Pontificia Universidad Urbaniana de Roma, en la Facultad de Misionología. Ante todo, alabo el esfuerzo del P. Chopin por emprender la elaboración de una tesis doctoral, ya que nuestra Iglesia salvadoreña cuenta con pocos estudiosos de la teología. El P. Chopin escogió un tema muy debatido y controversial dentro del pensamiento teológico: el martirio en la realidad vivida en nuestra América Latina, centrado en la muerte martirial de Mons. Oscar Arnulfo Romero y Mons. Juan Gerardi. La comunidad cristiana, a lo largo de todas la etapas de su historia, ha sufrido persecución y martirio, tal como lo preanunció Jesús: “En el mundo tendrán pruebas, pero sepan que yo he vencido al Mundo” (Jn 16,33). Desde los tiempos de la Iglesia primitiva la comunidad cristiana vive su seguimiento a Jesús bajo la impronta del martirio. Memorables para la Iglesia son los mártires de los primeros siglos, pero tenemos mártires a lo largo de todos los siglos de la historia del cristianismo. La primera hora del martirio de la Iglesia fue provocada por el Imperio Romano. Pero, también la Iglesia latinoamericana ha experimentado tiempos difíciles de persecución y martirio en el siglo pasado. Como sabemos se vivieron situaciones histórico-políticas muy confusas y de difícil interpretación. Y quizá la situación más apremiante sea la pobreza generalizada de mucha gente que ve limitada su posibilidad de realización como persona. El documento de Medellín (1968) invitó a la Iglesia de Latinoamérica con su documento sobre “La pobreza” (Documento n. 14) a la búsqueda de superación de ese mal del continente. Por eso se fue generando un anhelo grande de terminar con la pobreza y se buscaron afanosamente soluciones, incluso de carácter social y político. Hubo intromisión y utilización de distintos sectores políticos para aprovechar la fuerza moral de la Iglesia católica. También a nivel de pensamiento e interpretación este afán condujo a buscar una interpretación teológica de lo que estaban viviendo las comunidades cristianas. Así se fue perfilando la Teología de la Liberación, como enfoque y reflexión de la vida de nuestras comunidades cristianas. Algunos hablan de diversas corrientes en la Teología de la Liberación. La Iglesia, a través de la Congregación para la Doctrina de la Fe, quiso clarificar, definir y orientar estas interpretaciones teológicas con la publicación de dos documentos (Instrucción Libertatis Nuntius de 1984 e Instrucción Libertatis Coscientia de 1986). En las tres últimas décadas del siglo pasado, a lo largo de América Latina, hubo muchas muertes: unas por la fe, otras por anhelos políticos, otras por ambos motivos. Entre estas muertes violentas se dio también el asesinato de Monseñor Oscar Arnulfo Romero aquí en El Salvador, y posteriormente el de Monseñor Juan Gerardi en Guatemala. En ocasión del Jubileo del año 2000 el Papa Juan Pablo II pidió a las Conferencias Episcopales del mundo y de América Latina que elaboraran la lista de aquellos fieles cristianos católicos que habían sido asesinados por su fe y su vida cristiana. La Iglesia salvadoreña presentó en esa ocasión más de cien nombres de fieles cristianos que sufrieron la muerte violenta, por tales motivos. El caso más emblemático es el de Monseñor Oscar Arnulfo Romero. Al informe presentado al Papa se suman los datos y testimonios que el P. Tomás O’Nunain (ofm) ha recogido en las parroquias y comunidades eclesiales salvadoreñas, se trata de más de 500 hermanos asesinados por ser catequistas, dirigentes de comunidades católicas, etc. Nuestro recordado y tan amado Santo Padre Juan Pablo II, en la visita ad limina del año 2001, nos invitó a los obispos salvadoreños a compartir un almuerzo con él, y el diálogo comenzó con estas solemnes palabras del amado Papa: “ROMERO È MARTIRE” (“Romero es mártir”) y lo enfatizó repitiendo: “ROMERO È MARTIRE”.
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    CONTENIDO Direcciones ................................................................................................... 9 Abreviaciones y abreviaturas .................................................................. 15 Artículos / Articles DUQUE , Adriano Claiming Martyrdom in the Episode of The Martyrs of Córdoba..................................................................................................... 23 EBIED , Rifaat Dionysius Bar Ṣal ībī’s Works in the Mingana Collection of Syriac and Arabic Manuscripts, with special emphasis on his Polemical Treatise ‘Against the Muslims’ ............................................... 49 POTTHAST , Daniel Die andalusische Übersetzung des Römerbriefs ...................................... 65 SARRIÓ , Diego Carta de Ibn Taymiyya a un cruzado en Chipre ..................................... 109 SAURA ZORRILLA , Domingo Los eulogia de San Menas y las representaciones de Horus en las estelas mágicas: coincidencias y disidencias iconográficas Puesta a punto de un viejo debate .......................................................... 165 YOUSSEF , Youhanna Nessim A contribution to the history of Dayr al-Maym ūn .................................. 187 Varia GONZÁLEZ MUÑOZ , Fernando Un testimonio de la Hispania medieval sobre el rito de Las Fadas ...................................................................................................... 207 MONFERRER -SALA , Juan Pedro A propósito de la expresión Ibn al-Na ǧǧār ............................................ 217 PIERRI , Rosario ‒
  • El Popular 1877

    El Popular 1877

    DIARIO POLITICO, INDfENDIENTE. PR5CI0S DK 8USCRICI0N. OBSERVACIONES. MADRID. El Popular no se publica los dias festivos. La Redacción y Admi­ la Kadrid an me* 4 rs, trimeitre • 9-, en proTÍncIas, trimeslre nistración, calle del Prado, núm. liJ, piso bajo, derecha. No se res- • 5; por corre^oESUl 17j ea e! extraujero 50? en Portugal 3 íí; VIERNES 27 DE ABR: DE 1877. m IX. onde de las cnrta.s que contengan sellos y no vengan certificadas, en Diuamar ©O. as cantidades que se nos rcmiun en sellos abonarán el 5 por KM& muí. 2370 Los comunicados y demás inserciones en el textordel periódico 5 E LA CORRESPONDEIIA de CHmblo. Li uiano de periódicos do 25 ejemplares .‘5 rs. y 5 0 cén­ 7 SO rg. linea, i^cancios á IJ3I real línea i ios <u4criiores|y doble | timos. No se sirve suscricion que no acompañe su importe. Terrai- precio á los que no io sean. A DO:% SIIGLiSL P. «IRCIA. nnda esta, sin haberla renovado, dejaremos de remitir el periódico Los annncios cerrados i precios conrencionsles. pero avisaremos con anticipación. EL POPULAR. cuentro. En la parte de Asia tam­ que política y reunione de paj-ti- y previsor, bajo la base que deja- Con este motivo hubo un peque­ bién se han roto las hostilidades, y Qos, que solo dan por isultado el mos indicada. ño barullo, pues algunos ministe- debe haber malas noticias para los excitar los ánimos y aconar las Si esto no se hace, toda reforma i ríales se lamentaban de que se hu- MADRID 27 DE ABRIL DE 18T7.
  • HAPPY EASTER Prayer Time, Snacks, Good Conversa- Tion and a Wonderful Lunch

    HAPPY EASTER Prayer Time, Snacks, Good Conversa- Tion and a Wonderful Lunch

    USA West Province Newsletter • San Francisco, California April 23, 2017 time into planning and executing these two Salesian events. The Salesian Family Day included members of the Salesian Family and had as its theme: the Strenna for this year: WE ARE FAMILY: Every Home, A School of Life and Love. The day was composed of presenta- tions on the Strenna and it included HAPPY EASTER prayer time, snacks, good conversa- tion and a wonderful lunch. I pre- sided at the Eucharist which brought APRIL BIRTHDAYS the Family Day to a close at 3pm. Fr. Nick Reina.....................07 It was a wonderful day of family connections and enriching reflec- Fr. Tho Bui..........................17 Dear Salesian Sisters and tions on our Salesian Charism. Br. Mike Herbers................17 Brothers, Fr. Steven Way....................17 But, the Family Day did not really Br. James Nguyen...............17 Our Regional, Fr. Tim Ploch, peri- end at 3pm. At 4pm, those who odically will email the provincials wished and, all were encouraged to PLEASE PRAY FOR OUR SICK of the region, a message updating us stay, the Province Youth Ministry Fr. Lucian Lomello, SDB on his “whereabouts.” He always Department led us through the rest titles it: “Donde Esta El Regional?” of the day with booths, food, music Br. Jerry Weirich, SDB or “Donde Estuvo El Regional?,” and presentations on Social Jus- Br. Tony Matse, SDB meaning where is the Regional or tice issues. Several speakers (two Fr. Armand Oliveri, SDB where has the Regional been? This young boys from Honduras who had Fr. Mario Rosso, SDB is what I would like to title this letter: escaped the violence in their coun- Fr.