Table of Cases

TABLE OF CASES

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TABLE OF CASES Page 324 Liquor Corp. v. Duffy, 479 U.S. 335 (1987)...... 2287, 2592 44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island, 517 U.S. 484 (1996)...... 1273–75, 2292, 2522, 2614 A A Book Named “John Cleland’s Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure” v. Attorney General, 383 U.S. 413 (1966)...... 1314–15, 2610 A Quantity of Books v. Kansas, 378 U.S. 205 (1964)...... 1314, 1405–06, 2464 A. & G. Stevedores v. Ellerman Lines, 369 U.S. 355 (1962)...... 1704 A. & P. Tea Co. v. Supermarket Equipment Corp., 340 U.S. 147 (1950)...... 331, 334–35 A. T. & T. Co. v. United States, 299 U.S. 232 (1936)...... 1570 A.L. Mechling Barge Lines v. United States, 368 U.S. 324 (1961)...... 767–68 A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495 (1935)...... 77–78, 83–84, 91–92, 94, 203–05, 580 Aaron v. McKinley, 173 F.Supp. 944 (E.D. Ark. 1959)...... 514 Abate v. Mundt, 403 U.S. 182 (1971)...... 2194 Abbate v. United States, 359 U.S. 187 (1959)...... 1481–82 Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner, 387 U.S. 136 (1967)...... 755, 764 Abdul-Kabir v. Quarterman, 550 U.S. 233 (2007)...... 1730, 2530 Abel v. United States, 362 U.S. 217 (1960)...... 317, 1393 Abie State Bank v. Bryan, 282 U.S. 765 (1931)...... 1840, 1878 Abington School Dist. v. Schempp, 374 U.S. 203 (1963)...... 736, 1064, 1075, 1081–82, 1102–03, 1105, 1109, 1119–20, 2461 Ableman v. Booth, 62 U.S. (21 How.) 506 (1859)...... 795, 889, 893, 980 Abney v. United States, 431 U.S. 651 (1977)...... 1484 Abood v. Detroit Bd. of Educ., 431 U.S. 209 (1977)...... 1145, 1193–96, 1223, 1247, 2532 Abourezk v. Reagan, 785 F.2d 1043 (D.C. Cir. 1986)...... 1561 Abrams v. United States, 250 U.S. 616 (1919)...... 366, 1142, 1145, 1155, 1157, 1197, 1289 Accardi v. Shaughnessy, 347 U.S. 260 (1954)...... 1559 Achison v. Huddleson, 53 U.S. (12 How.) 293 (1852)...... 2365 ACLU v. Reno, 217 F.3d 162 (3d Cir. 2000)...... 1325–26 Action for Children’s Television v. FCC, 58 F.3d 654 (D.C. Cir. 1995)...... 1174, 1323 Action for Children’s Television v. FCC, 852 F.2d 1332 (D.C. Cir. 1988)...... 1323 Action for Children’s Television v. FCC, 932 F.2d 1504 (D.C. Cir. 1991)...... 1323 Action v. Gannon, 450 F.2d 1227 (8th Cir. 1971)...... 2232 Adair v. Bank of America Ass’n, 303 U.S. 350 (1938)...... 319 Adair v. United States, 208 U.S. 161 (1908)...... 207, 1580, 1855–56, 2317, 2607 Adam v. Saenger, 303 U.S. 59 (1938)...... 936, 1988, 2007 Adamo Wrecking Co. v. United States, 434 U.S. 275 (1978)...... 718, 879, 886 Adams Express Co. v. City of New York, 232 U.S. 14 (1914)...... 2539 Adams Express Co. v. Croninger, 226 U.S. 491 (1913)...... 1873, 2563 Adams Express Co. v. Kentucky, 206 U.S. 129 (1907)...... 2386 Adams Express Co. v. Kentucky, 214 U.S. 218 (1909)...... 2388 Adams Express Co. v. Ohio, 165 U.S. 194 (1897)...... 1906 Adams Mfg. Co. v. Storen, 304 U.S. 307 (1938)...... 237, 2436 Adams v. Baker, 909 F.2d 643 (1st Cir. 1990)...... 1561 Adams v. City of Milwaukee, 228 U.S. 572 (1913)...... 1891, 2112 Adams v. Illinois, 405 U.S. 278 (1972)...... 772, 1679 Adams v. Maryland, 347 U.S. 179 (1954)...... 1020, 1516, 1518–19 Adams v. New York, 192 U.S. 585 (1904)...... 1384, 1455 Adams v. Storey, 1 Fed. Cas. 141 (No. 66) (C.C.D.N.Y. 1817)...... 318 2619 2620 TABLE OF CASES

Adams v. Tanner, 244 U.S. 590 (1917)...... 1860–61, 1882, 2399, 2609 Adams v. Texas, 448 U.S. 38 (1980)...... 1641 Adams v. Williams, 407 U.S. 143 (1972)...... 1403, 1416 Adamson v. California, 332 U.S. 46 (1947)...... 1061, 1063, 1065, 1516, 1664, 2609 Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena, 515 U.S. 200 (1995)...... 803, 1567, 2152, 2614 Adderley v. Florida, 385 U.S. 39 (1966)...... 1168, 1170, 1332–33 Addington v. Texas, 441 U.S. 418 (1979)...... 2012, 2065 Addyston Pipe and Steel Co. v. United States, 175 U.S. 211 (1899)...... 199 Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144 (1970)...... 2070, 2229 Adirondack Ry. v. New York, 176 U.S. 335 (1900)...... 424 Adkins v. Children’s Hospital, 261 U.S. 525 (1923)... 375, 797, 799, 1580, 1851, 1853–54, 2321, 2605 Adler v. Board of Educ., 342 U.S. 485 (1952)...... 764, 1206, 1208, 1216, 1969, 2609 Advance-Rumely Co. v. Jackson, 287 U.S. 283 (1932)...... 1877 Aero Mayﬂower Transit Co. v. Georgia Pub. Serv. Comm’n, 295 U.S. 285 (1935)...... 2108 Aetna Health, Inc. v. Davila, 542 U.S. 200 (2004)...... 278, 2597 Aetna Ins. Co. v. Hyde, 275 U.S. 440 (1928)...... 1860 Aetna Life Ins. Co. v. Dunken, 266 U.S. 389 (1924)...... 958, 2410 Aetna Life Ins. Co. v. Haworth, 300 U.S. 227 (1937)...... 692, 725–26, 759–60, 766 Aetna Life Ins. Co. v. Kennedy, 301 U.S. 389 (1937)...... 1694 Aetna Life Ins. Co. v. LaVoie, 475 U.S. 813 (1986)...... 2027 Aetna Life Ins. Co. v. Tremblay, 223 U.S. 185 (1912)...... 965 AFGE v. Pierce, 697 F.2d 303 (D.C. Cir. 1982)...... 154 AFL v. American Sash & Door Co., 335 U.S. 538 (1949)...... 291, 1192, 1855, 1857 AFL v. Swing, 312 U.S. 321 (1941)...... 1342 Afroyim v. Rusk, 387 U.S. 253 (1967)...... 304, 306, 308–09, 312, 1830–31, 2332, 2609 Agency for Int’l Dev. v. All. for Open Soc’y Int’l, , 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–10, slip op. (2013)...... 2358 Agency for Int’l Dev. v. Alliance for Open Socierty Int’l, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–10, slip op. (2013)...... 1260, 2358 Ager v. Murray, 105 U.S. 126 (1882)...... 337 Agins v. City of Tiburon, 447 U.S. 255 (1980)...... 1595, 1604, 1606–08, 1840, 1887 Agnello v. United States, 269 U.S. 20 (1925)...... 1380, 1404, 1421, 1459, 1462 Agnew v. United States, 165 U.S. 36 (1897)...... 2035 Agostini v. Felton, 521 U.S. 203 (1997)...... 803, 1074, 1076, 1086, 1091–92, 2614 Agosto v. INS, 436 U.S. 748 (1978)...... 885 Agsalud v. Standard Oil Co., 454 U.S. 801 (1981)...... 2588 Aguilar v. Felton, 473 U.S. 402 (1985)...... 1076, 1085–86, 1089, 1091–92, 2614 Aguilar v. Texas, 378 U.S. 108 (1964)...... 1399, 1401–03, 2612 Ah Sin v. Wittman, 198 U.S. 500 (1905)...... 1894 Ahrens v. Clark, 335 U.S. 188 (1948)...... 714, 2610 Aikens v. Wisconsin, 195 U.S. 194 (1904)...... 1876 Air Courier Conf. v. American Postal Workers Union, 498 U.S. 517 (1991)...... 755 Air Pollution Variance Bd. v. Western Alfalfa Corp., 416 U.S. 86 (1974)...... 1436 Air-Way Corp. v. Day, 266 U.S. 71 (1924)...... 2410 Ake v. Oklahoma, 470 U.S. 68 (1985)...... 2041 Ala. Legislative Black Caucus v. Alabama, 575 U.S. ___, No. 13–895, slip op. (2015)... 2197–98 Alabama Power Co. v. Ickes, 302 U.S. 464 (1938)...... 168, 736, 754, 988 Alabama Public Service Comm’n v. Southern Ry., 341 U.S. 341 (1951)...... 894, 896 Alabama State Fed’n of Labor v. McAdory, 325 U.S. 450 (1945)...... 756, 760, 764 Alabama v. Arizona, 291 U.S. 286 (1934)...... 846 Alabama v. King & Boozer, 314 U.S. 1 (1941)...... 1037, 2606 Alabama v. Pugh, 438 U.S. 781 (1978)...... 1797 TABLE OF CASES 2621

Alabama v. Shelton, 535 U.S. 654 (2002)...... 1665 Alabama v. Smith, 490 U.S. 794 (1989)...... 2049, 2613 Alabama v. Texas, 347 U.S. 272 (1954)...... 987 Alabama v. United States, 371 U.S. 37 (1962)...... 2251 Alabama v. United States, 373 U.S. 545 (1963)...... 514 Alabama v. White, 496 U.S. 325 (1990)...... 1417 Alaska Airlines, Inc. v. Brock, 480 U.S. 678 (1987)...... 801 Alaska Fish Co. v. Smith, 255 U.S. 44 (1921)...... 1573, 1896 Alaska Packers Ass’n v. Industrial Accident Comm’n, 294 U.S. 532 (1935).... 953–54, 961, 1855 Alaska S.S. Co. v. Patterson, 347 U.S. 396 (1954)...... 833 Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody, 422 U.S. 405 (1975)...... 2097 Albernaz v. United States, 450 U.S. 333 (1981)...... 1500–01 Albert Hanson Lumber Co. v. United States, 261 U.S. 581 (1923)...... 1581 Albertson v. SACB, 382 U.S. 70 (1965)...... 1200, 1522, 1524–25, 2332 Albertson v. Subversive Activities Control Bd., 382 U.S. 70 (1965)...... 367, 2332 Albrecht v. Herald Co., 390 U.S. 145 (1968)...... 2614 Albrecht v. United States, 273 U.S. 1 (1927)...... 1392, 1500 Albrecht v. United States, 329 U.S. 599 (1947)...... 1589 Albright v. Oliver, 510 U.S. 266 (1994)...... 2017 Albright v. Teas, 106 U.S. 613 (1883)...... 806 Alcorta v. Texas, 355 U.S. 28 (1957)...... 2031 Alden v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706 (1999)...... 1788, 1790, 1800, 2341 Alder v. Board of Education, 342 U.S. 485 (1952)...... 735 Alderman v. United States, 394 U.S. 165 (1968)...... 590, 1386, 1462, 1469 Aldinger v. Howard, 427 U.S. 1 (1976)...... 813, 2611 Aldridge v. United States, 283 U.S. 308 (1931)...... 1644 Alessi v. Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc., 451 U.S. 504 (1981)...... 278, 2588 Alexander Sprunt & Son v. United States, 281 U.S. 249 (1930)...... 754 Alexander v. Holmes County Bd. of Educ., 396 U.S. 19 (1969)...... 2127 Alexander v. Louisiana, 405 U.S. 625 (1972)...... 1474, 1637, 2137–38 Alexander v. United States, 138 U.S. 353 (1891)...... 1475 Alexander v. United States, 509 U.S. 544 (1993)...... 1154, 1314 Alexander v. Virginia, 408 U.S. 921 (1972)...... 1316, 1693 Alexander v. Virginia, 413 U.S. 836 (1973)...... 1693 Alford v. United States, 282 U.S. 687 (1931)...... 1649 Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. v. Colby, 509 F.2d 1362 (4th Cir. 1975)...... 1151 Alfred Dunhill of London, Inc. v. Republic of Cuba, 425 U.S. 682 (1976)...... 611 Alfred L. Snapp & Son v. Puerto Rico ex rel. Barez, 458 U.S. 592 (1982)...... 750, 852 Algoma Plywood Co. v. WERB, 336 U.S. 301 (1949)...... 291 Allegheny County v. Greater Pittsburgh ACLU, 492 U.S. 573 (1989)...... 1076–77, 1115–17 Allegheny Pittsburgh Coal Co. v. Webster County Comm’n, 488 U.S. 336 (1989)...... 2109–10, 2514 Allen Bradley Co. v. Union, 325 U.S. 797 (1945)...... 201 Allen v. Alleghany Co., 196 U.S. 458 (1905)...... 953 Allen v. Baltimore & Ohio R.R., 114 U.S. 311 (1885)...... 1801 Allen v. Galveston Truck Line Corp., 289 U.S. 708 (1933)...... 2412 Allen v. Hardy, 478 U.S. 255 (1986)...... 2139 Allen v. Illinois, 478 U.S. 364 (1986)...... 1510, 1956 Allen v. McCurry, 449 U.S. 90 (1980)...... 897, 962 Allen v. Newberry, 62 U.S. (21 How.) 244 (1858)...... 2604 Allen v. Oklahoma City, 175 Okla. 421, 52 P.2d 1054 (1935)...... 508 Allen v. Pullman Company, 191 U.S. 171 (1903)...... 2385 Allen v. Regents, 304 U.S. 439 (1938)...... 159, 878 2622 TABLE OF CASES

Allen v. Riley, 203 U.S. 347 (1906)...... 339 Allen v. Smith, 173 U.S. 389 (1899)...... 400 Allen v. State Bd. of Elections, 393 U.S. 544 (1969)...... 690, 771, 2251 Allen v. Wright, 468 U.S. 737 (1984)...... 69, 730–32, 735, 739, 742–43, 745 Allen-Bradley Local No. 1111 v. WERB, 315 U.S. 740 (1942)...... 290 Allenberg Cotton Co. v. Pittman, 419 U.S. 20 (1974)...... 247 Alleyne v. United States, 570 U.S. ___, No. 11–9335, slip op. (2013)...... 1631, 2612, 2615 Allgeyer v. Louisiana, 165 U.S. 578 (1897)...... 1847, 1855, 1879, 2381 Allied Stores v. Bowers, 358 U.S. 522 (1959)...... 2104 Allied Structural Steel Co. v. Spannaus, 438 U.S. 234 (1978)...... 440–42, 2496 Allied-Bruce Terminix Cos. v. Dobson, 513 U.S. 265 (1995)...... 225, 285 Allied-Signal, Inc. v. Dir., Div. of Taxation, 504 U.S. 768 (1992)...... 254 Allis-Chalmers Corp. v. Lueck, 471 U.S. 202 (1985)...... 296 Allstate Ins. Co. v. Hague, 449 U.S. 302 (1981)...... 953, 956, 1995 Alma Motor v. Timken Co., 329 U.S. 129 (1946)...... 798 Almeida-Sanchez v. United States, 413 U.S. 266 (1973)...... 1381, 1394, 1398, 1428, 1435 Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224 (1998)...... 1499, 1631, 2039 Almota Farmers Elevator & Warehouse Co. v. United States, 409 U.S. 470 (1973)...... 1588 Almy v. California, 65 U.S. (24 How.) 169 (1861)...... 397, 2366 Aloha Airlines v. Director of Taxation, 464 U.S. 7 (1983)...... 275, 2590 Alpha Cement Co. v. Massachusetts, 268 U.S. 203 (1925)...... 1906, 2412, 2605 Already, LLC v. Nike, Inc., 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–982, slip op. (2013)...... 768 Alton R.R. v. Illinois Commerce Comm’n, 305 U.S. 548 (1939)...... 1871 Alton R.R. v. United States, 315 U.S. 15 (1942)...... 754 Alton v. Tawes, 384 U.S. 315 (1966)...... 2467 Altvater v. Freeman, 319 U.S. 359 (1943)...... 761 Alvarez v. Smith, 558 U.S. ___, No. 08–351 (2009)...... 767 Alward v. Johnson, 282 U.S. 509 (1931)...... 1037, 2108 Am. Acad. of Religion v. Napolitano, 573 F.3d 115 (2d Cir. 2009)...... 1561 Amalgamated Ass’n of Street Employees v. Lockridge, 403 U.S. 274 (1971)...... 272, 292–93 Amalgamated Clothing Workers v. Richman Bros., 348 U.S. 511 (1955)...... 896 Amalgamated Food Employees Union v. Logan Valley Plaza, 391 U.S. 308 (1968)...... 1340–42, 2077, 2611 Amalgamated Meat Cutters v. Connally, 337 F. Supp. 737 (D.D.C. 1971)...... 85 Ambach v. Norwick, 441 U.S. 68 (1979)...... 2092, 2161 Amell v. United States, 384 U.S. 158 (1966)...... 824 Amerada Hess Corp. v. Director, New Jersey Taxation Div., 490 U.S. 66 (1989)...... 257 American Airlines, Inc. v. Wolens, 513 U.S. 219 (1995)...... 276, 2595 American Banana Co. v. United Fruit Co., 213 U.S. 347 (1909)...... 2613 American Bank & Trust Co. v. Dallas County, 463 U.S. 855 (1983)...... 1035, 2589 American Bridge Co. v. Railroad Comm’n, 307 U.S. 486 (1939)...... 428 American Civil Liberties Union v. Gonzales, 478 F. Supp. 2d 775 (E.D. Pa. 2007)...... 1326 American Civil Liberties Union v. Mukasey, 534 F.3d 181 (3d Cir. 2008)...... 1326 American Communications Ass’n v. Douds, 339 U.S. 382 (1950).. 101, 367, 389, 1164–66, 1169, 1176, 1180, 1202 American Construction Co. v. Jacksonville, T. & K.W. Ry., 148 U.S. 372 (1893)...... 875 American Express Co. v. Caldwell, 244 U.S. 617 (1917)...... 194, 2566 American Express Co. v. Kentucky, 206 U.S. 139 (1907)...... 2387 American Express Co. v. Mullins, 212 U.S. 311 (1909)...... 931, 952 American Fire Ins. Co v. King Lumber Co., 250 U.S. 2 (1919)...... 959 American Foreign Service Ass’n v. Garﬁnkel, 490 U.S. 153 (1989)...... 590 American Ins. Ass’n v. Garamendi, 539 U.S. 396 (2003)...... 467, 560, 562–63, 2597 American Ins. Co. v. Canter, 26 U.S. (1 Pet.) 511 (1828)...... 74, 670–71, 681, 823, 991 TABLE OF CASES 2623

American Land Co. v. Zeiss, 219 U.S. 47 (1911)...... 1998 American Life Ins. Co. v. Stewart, 300 U.S. 203 (1937)...... 1699 American Light & Power Co. v. SEC, 329 U.S. 90 (1946)...... 87 American Machine Co. v. Kentucky, 236 U.S. 660 (1915)...... 1876, 2394 American Medical Ass’n v. United States, 317 U.S. 519 (1943)...... 178 American Mfg. Co. v. St. Louis, 250 U.S. 459 (1919)...... 1911 American Mfrs. Mut. Ins. Co. v. Sullivan, 526 U.S. 40 (1999)...... 1969, 2076–77 American Mills Co. v. American Surety Co., 260 U.S. 360 (1922)...... 1699 American National Red Cross v. S. G., 505 U.S. 247 (1992)...... 809 American Oil Co. v. Neill, 380 U.S. 451 (1965)...... 2466 American Party of Texas v. White, 415 U.S. 767 (1974)...... 1188, 2187, 2189–91 American Power Co. v. SEC, 329 U.S. 90 (1946)...... 78, 203 American Publishing Co. v. Fisher, 166 U.S. 464 (1897)...... 1692 American Radio Ass’n v. Mobile Steamship Ass’n, 419 U.S. 215 (1974)...... 1343 American Smelting Co. v. Colorado, 204 U.S. 103 (1907)...... 2386 American Soc’y of Mech. Eng’rs v. Hydrolevel Corp., 456 U.S. 556 (1982)...... 1348 American Steamboat Co. v. Chase, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 522 (1872)...... 829 American Sugar Reﬁning Co. v. Louisiana, 179 U.S. 89 (1900)...... 2104 American Surety Co. v. Baldwin, 287 U.S. 156 (1932)...... 962, 1979 American Textile Mfrs. Inst. v. Donovan, 452 U.S. 490 (1981)...... 79 American Tobacco Co. v. United States, 328 U.S. 781 (1946)...... 1500 American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock, 564 U.S. ___, No. 11–1179, slip op. (2012)...... 2532 American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock, 567 U.S. ___, No. 11–1179, slip op. (2012)...... 1244 American Trial Lawyers Ass’n v. New Jersey Supreme Court, 409 U.S. 467 (1973)...... 894 American Trucking Ass’ns v. Atchison, T. & S.F. Ry., 387 U.S. 397 (1967)...... 86 American Trucking Ass’ns v. Michigan Pub. Serv. Comm’n, 545 U.S. 429 (2005)...... 258 American Trucking Ass’ns v. Scheiner, 483 U.S. 266 (1987)...... 237, 254–55, 257–58, 2512 American Trucking Assn’s v. Smith, 496 U.S. 167 (1990)...... 238, 775–76 American Well Works Co. v. Layne & Bowler Co., 241 U.S. 257 (1916)...... 806 Americana of Puerto Rico v. Kaplus, 368 F.2d 431 (3d Cir. 1966)...... 856 Americans United v. Blanton, 434 U.S. 803 (1977)...... 1099 Ames v. Kansas ex rel. Johnston, 111 U.S. 449 (1884)...... 818, 871, 917 Amos v. Hadnott, 405 U.S. 1035 (1972)...... 2478 Amos v. Sims, 409 U.S. 942 (1972)...... 2481 Amos v. United States, 255 U.S. 313 (1921)...... 1433, 1459 Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967)...... 2216–17 Anderson Nat’l Bank v. Luckett, 321 U.S. 233 (1944)...... 1878, 1960, 1978 Anderson v. Celebrezze, 460 U.S. 780 (1983)...... 1188, 2191, 2506 Anderson v. Creighton, 483 U.S. 635 (1987)...... 643, 1454 Anderson v. Dunn, 19 U.S. (6 Wheat.) 204 (1821)...... 109–10, 706, 2604 Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. 242 (1986)...... 1303 Anderson v. Martin, 375 U.S. 399 (1964)...... 2144, 2462 Anderson v. Santa Anna, 116 U.S. 356 (1886)...... 411 Anderson v. United States, 318 U.S. 350 (1943)...... 1527 Anderson’s-Black Rock, Inc. v. Pavement Salvage Co., 396 U.S. 57 (1969)...... 335 Andres v. United States, 333 U.S. 740 (1948)...... 1626 Andresen v. Maryland, 427 U.S. 463 (1976)...... 1404, 1409–10, 1511 Andrews v. Andrews, 188 U.S. 14 (1903)...... 432, 536, 938, 941, 2607 Andrews v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 406 U.S. 320 (1972)...... 2610 Andrews v. Swartz, 156 U.S. 272 (1895)...... 2049 Andrews v. Wall, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 568 (1845)...... 824 2624 TABLE OF CASES

Andrus v. Allard, 444 U.S. 51 (1979)...... 1601–02 Angel v. Bullington, 330 U.S. 183 (1947)...... 2006, 2607 Angle v. Chicago, St. Paul, M. & D. Ry., 151 U.S. 1 (1894)...... 1895 Anglo-American Provision Co. v. Davis Provision Co., 191 U.S. 373 (1903)...... 933, 952 Anglo-Chilean Corp. v. Alabama, 288 U.S. 218 (1933)...... 444, 2427 Ankenbrandt v. Richards, 504 U.S. 689 (1992)...... 857, 895 Anniston Mfg. Co. v. Davis, 301 U.S. 337 (1937)...... 1579 Anonymous v. Baker, 360 U.S. 287 (1959)...... 1687 Antoni v. Greenhow, 107 U.S. 769 (1883)...... 434–35, 1785, 1802 Apodaca v. Oregon, 406 U.S. 404 (1972)...... 1063, 1066, 1627–28, 1692 Apodaca v. Oregon, 406 U.S. 404 (1972)...... 1692 Appalachian Coals, Inc. v. United States, 288 U.S. 344 (1933)...... 203 Appleby v. City of Buffalo, 221 U.S. 524 (1911)...... 1594 Appleby v. City of New York, 271 U.S. 365 (1926)...... 2414 Appleby v. Delaney, 271 U.S. 403 (1926)...... 410, 2414 Appleyard v. Massachusetts, 203 U.S. 222 (1906)...... 978 Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000)...... 1629, 1631–33, 1635, 2038–39, 2526, 2528 Aptheker v. Secretary of State, 378 U.S. 500 (1964)...... 367, 1171, 1202, 2332 Arave v. Creech, 507 U.S. 463 (1993)...... 1726 Arcara v. Cloud Books, 478 U.S. 697 (1986)...... 1328 Archawski v. Hanioti, 350 U.S. 532 (1956)...... 824 Arcudi v. Stone & Webster Engineering, 463 U.S. 1220 (1983)...... 2589 Argentine Republic v. Amerada Hess Shipping Corp., 488 U.S. 428 (1989)...... 611 Argersinger v. Hamlin, 407 U.S. 25 (1972)...... 1665 Arizona Dep’t of Revenue v. Blaze Constr. Co., 526 U.S. 32 (1999)...... 1037 Arizona Employers’ Liability Cases, 250 U.S. 400 (1919)...... 1854–55 Arizona Free Enterprise Club’s Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett, 564 U.S. ___, No. 10–238, slip op. (2011)...... 1234, 2531 Arizona Governing Comm. v. Norris, 463 U.S. 1073 (1983)...... 2165 Arizona Pub. Serv. Co. v. Snead, 441 U.S. 141 (1979)...... 2586 Arizona v. California, 283 U.S. 423 (1931)...... 190, 757 Arizona v. California, 292 U.S. 341 (1934)...... 450 Arizona v. California, 373 U.S. 546 (1963)...... 79, 83 Arizona v. Evans, 514 U.S. 1 (1995)...... 1464, 1466 Arizona v. Fulminante, 499 U.S. 279 (1991)...... 1668, 2613 Arizona v. Gant, 556 U.S. ___, No. 07–542 (2009)...... 1381, 1427, 1430, 1467 Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321 (1987)...... 1438 Arizona v. Johnson, 129 S. Ct. 781 (2009)...... 1416, 1429 Arizona v. Mauro, 481 U.S. 520 (1987)...... 1541 Arizona v. New Mexico, 425 U.S. 794 (1976)...... 847, 872 Arizona v. Roberson, 486 U.S. 675 (1988)...... 1544, 1681, 1747 Arizona v. Rumsey, 467 U.S. 203 (1984)...... 1498 Arizona v. San Carlos Apache Tribe, 463 U.S. 545 (1983)...... 894 Arizona v. United States, 567 U.S. ___, No. 11–182 (2012)...... 2599 Arizona v. United States, 567 U.S. ___, No. 11–182, slip op. (2012)...... 281, 287, 316, 2599 Arizona v. Washington, 434 U.S. 497 (1978)...... 1485–88 Arizona v. Youngblood, 488 U.S. 51 (1988)...... 2033 Arizonans For Official English v. Arizona, 520 U.S. 43 (1997)...... 767 Arkadelphia Co. v. St. Louis S.W. Ry., 249 U.S. 134 (1919)...... 720 Arkansas Cattle Co. v. Mann, 130 U.S. 69 (1889)...... 1701 Arkansas Department of Health and Human Services v. Ahlborn, 547 U.S. 268 (2006)...... 2597 Arkansas Educational Television Comm’n v. Forbes, 523 U.S. 666 (1998)...... 1337, 1339 TABLE OF CASES 2625

Arkansas Game and Fishing Comm’n v. United States, 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–597, slip op. (2012)...... 1595 Arkansas v. Sanders, 442 U.S. 743 (1979)...... 1381, 1387–88, 1428, 1431, 2613 Arkansas v. Sullivan, 532 U.S. 769 (2001)...... 1429–30 Arkansas v. Texas, 346 U.S. 368 (1953)...... 845 Arkansas Writers’ Project, Inc. v. Ragland, 481 U.S. 221 (1987)...... 743, 892, 1277, 1286, 2511 Arlington Central School Dist. Bd. of Educ. v. Murphy, 548 U.S. 291 (2006)...... 171 Arlington County Bd. v. Richards, 434 U.S. 5 (1977)...... 2206 Arlington Hotel v. Fant, 278 U.S. 439 (1929)...... 376–77 Armco, Inc. v. Hardesty, 467 U.S. 638 (1984)...... 257, 2507 Armour & Co. v. North Dakota, 240 U.S. 510 (1916)...... 1877, 2112 Armour & Co. v. Virginia, 246 U.S. 1 (1918)...... 2103 Armour & Co. v. Wantock, 323 U.S. 126 (1944)...... 210 Armour Packing Co. v. United States, 209 U.S. 56 (1908)...... 193, 1646 Armour v. City of Indianapolis, 566 U.S. ___, No. 11–161, slip op. (2012)...... 2109 Armstrong v. Armstrong, 350 U.S. 568 (1956)...... 948 Armstrong v. Exceptional Child Ctr., Inc., 575 U.S. ___, No. 14–15, slip op. at 3 (2015)...... 1019 Armstrong v. Manzo, 380 U.S. 545 (1965)...... 1962, 1975 Armstrong v. United States, 364 U.S. 40 (1960)...... 1586, 1591, 1609 Armstrong v. United States, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 154 (1872)...... 516, 882 Armstrong’s Foundry, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 766 (1868)...... 926 Arndstein v. McCarthy, 254 U.S. 71 (1920)...... 1518 Arndt v. Griggs, 134 U.S. 316 (1890)...... 1998–99 Arnett v. Kennedy, 416 U.S. 134 (1974)...... 1172, 1218–19, 1557, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1973–74, 1982, 1985 Arnold Tours v. Camp, 400 U.S. 45 (1970)...... 755 Arnold v. North Carolina, 376 U.S. 773 (1964)...... 2137 Aronson v. Quick Point Pencil Co., 440 U.S. 257 (1979)...... 340 Arsenault v. Massachusetts, 393 U.S. 5 (1968)...... 1679 Asahi Metal Industry Co. v. Superior Court, 480 U.S. 102 (1987)...... 1996–97 Asakura v. City of Seattle, 265 U.S. 332 (1924)...... 536, 540, 2568 ASARCO Inc. v. Idaho State Tax Comm’n, 458 U.S. 307 (1982)...... 254 ASARCO Inc. v. Kadish, 490 U.S. 605 (1989)...... 731, 742 Ashcraft v. Tennessee, 322 U.S. 143 (1944)...... 1529, 1533, 1548 Ashcroft v. ACLU, 535 U.S. 564 (2002)...... 1325–26 Ashcroft v. ACLU, 542 U.S. 656 (2004)...... 1326 Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, 535 U.S. 234 (2002)...... 1321–23, 2354 Ashcroft v. Freiman, 440 U.S. 941 (1979)...... 2497 Ashdown v. Utah, 357 U.S. 426 (1958)...... 1532 Ashe v. Swenson, 397 U.S. 436 (1970)...... 1064, 1503–05, 2610 Asher v. Texas, 128 U.S. 129 (1888)...... 2378 Ashton v. Cameron County Dist., 298 U.S. 513 (1936)...... 319, 321, 2326 Ashton v. Kentucky, 384 U.S. 195 (1966)...... 1290, 1298 Ashwander v. TVA, 297 U.S. 288 (1936)...... 191, 359, 725, 730, 757, 761, 797–98, 988, 1581, 1762 Askew v. American Waterways Operators, 411 U.S. 325 (1973)...... 283, 831 Askren v. Continental Oil Co., 252 U.S. 444 (1920)...... 2402 Askura v. City of Seattle, 265 U.S. 332 (1924)...... 2157 Assaria State Bank v. Dolley, 219 U.S. 121 (1911)...... 1878 Assigned Car Cases, 274 U.S. 564 (1927)...... 1571 Associated Enterprises v. Toltec Watershed Improv. Dist., 410 U.S. 743 (1973)...... 2185, 2193 Associated Industries v. Ickes, 134 F.2d 694 (2d Cir. 1943)...... 755 2626 TABLE OF CASES

Associated Industries v. Lohman, 511 U.S. 641 (1994)...... 2519 Associated Press v. NLRB, 301 U.S. 103 (1945)...... 1277 Associated Press v. United States, 326 U.S. 1 (1945)...... 178, 1278 Association of Amer. Physicians & Surgeons v. Weinberger, 395 F. Supp. 125 (N.D. Ill. 1975)...... 92 Association of Data Processing Orgs. v. Camp, 397 U.S. 150 (1970)...... 731, 736, 745, 754–55 Association of Employees v. Westinghouse Electric Corp., 348 U.S. 437 (1955)...... 810 Astor-Honor, Inc. v. Grosset & Dunlap, Inc., 441 F.2d 627 (2d Cir. 1971)...... 813 Asylum v. City of New Orleans, 105 U.S. 362 (1881)...... 2374 AT&T Mobility, LLC v. Concepcion, 563 U.S. ___, No. 09–893, slip op. (2011)...... 276, 282, 287 Atascadero State Hosp. v. Scanlon, 473 U.S. 234, 246 (1985)...... 171, 1787, 1791, 1794, 1796, 1799 Atchison, T. & S. F. Ry. v. Vosburg, 238 U.S. 56 (1915)...... 2397 Atchison, T. & S.F. Ry. v. O’Connor, 223 U.S. 280 (1912)...... 1804–05, 2391, 2612 Atchison, T. & S.F. Ry. v. Public Util. Comm’n, 346 U.S. 346 (1953)...... 1597, 1871 Atchison, T. & S.F. Ry. v. Sowers, 213 U.S. 55 (1909)...... 956, 963 Atchison, T. & S.F. Ry. v. Wells, 265 U.S. 101 (1924)...... 2410 Atchison, T. & S.F.R.R. v. Matthews, 174 U.S. 96 (1899)...... 2085 Atherton Mills v. Johnston, 259 U.S. 13 (1922)...... 767 Atherton v. Atherton, 181 U.S. 155 (1901)...... 939 Atkin v. Kansas, 191 U.S. 207 (1903)...... 1849, 1852, 2115 Atkins v. Virginia, 536 U.S. 304 (2002)...... 1630, 1716, 1740–41, 1743–44, 1751, 2043, 2528, 2614 Atkinson v. Superior Court, 49 Cal. 2d 338, 316 P. 2d 960 (1957)...... 2000 Atkinson v. Tax Comm’n, 303 U.S. 20 (1938)...... 378 Atlantic & Gulf R.R. v. Georgia, 98 U.S. 359 (1879)...... 427 Atlantic Cleaners & Dyers v. United States, 286 U.S. 427 (1932)...... 180, 375 Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, 398 U.S. 281 (1970)...... 896–97 Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. City of Goldsboro, 232 U.S. 548 (1914)...... 1839, 1873 Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Corporation Comm’n, 206 U.S. 1 (1907)...... 1869 Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Ford, 287 U.S. 502 (1933)...... 2013, 2114 Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Georgia, 234 U.S. 280 (1914)...... 1873, 2114 Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Glenn, 239 U.S. 388 (1915)...... 1873 Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Goldsboro, 232 U.S. 548 (1914)...... 410, 431 Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Phillips, 332 U.S. 168 (1947)...... 411 Atlantic Reﬁning Co. v. Virginia, 302 U.S. 22 (1937)...... 1911 Atlantic Works v. Brady, 107 U.S. 192 (1882)...... 334 Atlas Rooﬁng Co. v. OSHRC, 430 U.S. 442 (1977)...... 674, 676, 1696–97 Atlee v. Packet Co., 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 389 (1875)...... 824 Atlee v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 911 (1973)...... 349 Attorney General of Michigan ex rel. Kies v. Lowrey, 199 U.S. 233 (1905)...... 780 Attorney General of New York v. Soto-Lopez, 476 U.S. 898 (1986)...... 2208, 2510 Atwater v. City of Lago Vista, 532 U.S. 318 (2001)...... 1390–91, 1430 Audubon v. Shufeldt, 181 U.S. 575 (1901)...... 947 Auffmordt v. Hedden, 137 U.S. 310 (1890)...... 570, 1696 Auffm’ordt v. Rasin, 102 U.S. 620 (1881)...... 1578 Austin Indep. School Dist. v. United States, 429 U.S. 990 (1976)...... 2129–30, 2134 Austin v. Michigan State Chamber of Commerce, 494 U.S. 652 (1990)...... 1240–44, 2615 Austin v. New Hampshire, 420 U.S. 656 (1975)...... 968, 972, 975, 2488 Austin v. United States, 155 U.S. 417 (1894)...... 401 Austin v. United States, 509 U.S. 602 (1993)...... 1713 Avery v. Georgia, 345 U.S. 559 (1953)...... 2137–38 TABLE OF CASES 2627

Avery v. Midland County, 390 U.S. 474 (1968)...... 2192, 2550 Ayer & Lord Co. v. Kentucky, 202 U.S. 409 (1906)...... 2607 Ayers v. Belmontes, 549 U.S. 7 (2006)...... 1731 Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of N. New Eng., 546 U.S. 320, 329 (2006)...... 802, 1937 Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of Northern New England, 546 U.S. 320 (2006)...... 1937 Az. State Legislature v. Az. Indep. Redistricting Comm’n, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–1314, slip op. (2015)...... 130 Az. State Legislature v. Az. Indep. Redistricting Comm’n, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–1314, slip op. at 14 (2015)...... 753–54 B B. Altman & Co. v. United States, 224 U.S. 583 (1912)...... 550, 558 Babbitt v. Planned Parenthood, 479 U.S. 925 (1986)...... 2511 Babbitt v. United Farm Workers, 442 U.S. 289 (1979)...... 765, 894–95, 1247 Babbitt v. Youpee, 519 U.S. 234 (1997)...... 1608–09, 2345 Bacchus Imports, Ltd. v. Dias, 468 U.S. 263 (1984)...... 240, 257, 261, 2287, 2508 Baccus v. Louisiana, 232 U.S. 334 (1914)...... 1891, 2114 Bachellar v. Maryland, 397 U.S. 564 (1970)...... 1291–92, 1336, 1345 Bachtel v. Wilson, 204 U.S. 36 (1907)...... 2085 Backus v. Fort Street Union Depot Co., 169 U.S. 557 (1898)...... 1586, 1593 Backus v. Lebanon, 11 N.H. 19 (1840)...... 429 Bacon v. Howard, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 22 (1858)...... 931 Bacon v. Rutland R.R., 232 U.S. 134 (1914)...... 895 Bacon v. Texas, 163 U.S. 207 (1896)...... 411 Bacon v. Walker, 204 U.S. 311 (1907)...... 1839, 1887, 2112 Badham v. Eu, 694 F. Supp. 664 (N.D.Cal. 1988)...... 114 Baender v. Barnett, 255 U.S. 224 (1921)...... 325 Baggett v. Bullitt, 377 U.S. 360 (1964)...... 761, 764, 895, 1170, 1207, 2462, 2475 Bagnell v. Broderick, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 436 (1839)...... 988 Bailey v. Alabama, 219 U.S. 219 (1911)...... 1816, 1820–21, 2012, 2390 Bailey v. Central Vermont Ry., 319 U.S. 350 (1943)...... 1703–04 Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co. (Child Labor Tax Case), 259 U.S. 20 (1922)...... 164–65, 2322 Bailey v. Patterson, 369 U.S. 31 (1962)...... 2142, 2458 Bailey v. Richardson, 182 F.2d 46 (D.C. Cir. 1950)...... 1180, 1216–17, 1969 Bailey v. Richardson, 341 U.S. 918 (1951)...... 1180 Bailey v. United States, 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–770, slip op. (2013)...... 1413 Baird v. State Bar, 401 U.S. 1 (1971)...... 1167, 1176, 1181–82, 1202 Baizley Iron Works v. Span, 281 U.S. 222 (1930)...... 2570 Baker v. Baker, Eccles & Co., 242 U.S. 394 (1917)...... 1979, 2002 Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186 (1962)...... 112, 544, 546, 612, 730, 736, 777–79, 782–85, 787–88, 797, 803, 812, 993, 1013–14, 2191, 2198–99, 2608 Baker v. General Motors Corp., 478 U.S. 621 (1986)...... 290 Baker v. General Motors Corp., 522 U.S. 222 (1998)...... 953 Baker v. Morton, 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 150 (1871)...... 985 Baker v. Nelson, 409 U.S. 810 (1972)...... 2615 Baker v. Selden, 101 U.S. 99 (1880)...... 337 Bakery & Pastry Drivers Local v. Wohl, 315 U.S. 769 (1942)...... 1343 Baldasar v. Illinois, 446 U.S. 222 (1980)...... 2614 Baldwin v. Franks, 120 U.S. 678 (1887)...... 535, 801, 969, 2230 Baldwin v. G.A.F. Seelig, Inc., 294 U.S. 550 (1935)...... 237, 249, 2430 Baldwin v. Hale, 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 223 (1863)...... 1962 Baldwin v. Missouri, 281 U.S. 586 (1930)...... 1908, 2423 Baldwin v. Montana Fish & Game Comm’n, 436 U.S. 371 (1978)...... 968, 972–73, 1886 Baldwin v. New York, 399 U.S. 66 (1970)...... 1064–65, 1629, 2474 2628 TABLE OF CASES

Baldwin v. Traveling Men’s Ass’n, 283 U.S. 522 (1931)...... 962 Ball v. James, 451 U.S. 355 (1981)...... 2185, 2193 Ballard v. Hunter, 204 U.S. 241 (1907)...... 1960, 1999, 2008 Ballard v. United States, 329 U.S. 187 (1946)...... 1638 Ballew v. Georgia, 435 U.S. 223 (1978)...... 1065–66, 1627, 2495 Baltic Mining Co. v. Massachusetts, 231 U.S. 68 (1913)...... 2105, 2605 Baltimore & Carolina Line v. Redman, 295 U.S. 654 (1913)...... 1692–93, 1702–03 Baltimore & Ohio R.R. v. Baugh 149 U.S. 368 (1893)...... 860 Baltimore & Ohio R.R. v. Hostetter, 240 U.S. 620 (1916)...... 951 Baltimore & Ohio R.R. v. ICC, 221 U.S. 612 (1911)...... 195, 1509 Baltimore & Ohio R.R. v. Kepner, 314 U.S. 44 (1941)...... 892 Baltimore & Ohio R.R. v. United States, 345 U.S. 146 (1953)...... 1571 Baltimore and Susquehanna R.R. v. Nesbit, 51 U.S. (10 How.) 395 (1850)...... 404 Baltimore Dep’t of Social Services v. Bouknight, 493 U.S. 549 (1990)...... 1511, 1525 Baltimore Nat’l Bank v. Tax Comm’n, 297 U.S. 209 (1936)...... 1042 Baltimore Shipbuilding Co. v. Baltimore, 195 U.S. 375 (1904)...... 1040 Baltzer v. North Carolina, 161 U.S. 240 (1896)...... 1803 Balzac v. Porto Rico, 258 U.S. 298 (1922)...... 671, 990, 1615 Bananti v. United States, 355 U.S. 96 (1957)...... 1447 Banco Nacional de Cuba v. Farr, 243 F. Supp. 957 (S.D.N.Y. 1965)...... 631 Banco Nacional de Cuba v. Sabbatino, 376 U.S. 398 (1964)...... 468, 611, 631, 780–81, 866 Bandini Co. v. Superior Court, 284 U.S. 8 (1931)...... 1884, 2013 Banholzer v. New York Life Ins. Co., 178 U.S. 402 (1900)...... 953 Bank Markazi v. Peterson, No. 14–770, 578 U.S. ___, slip op. (2016)...... 883–84 Bank of Alabama v. Dalton, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 522 (1850)...... 931 Bank of America Nat’l Trust & Savings Ass’n v. Parnell, 352 U.S. 29 (1956)...... 866 Bank of Augusta v. Earle, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 519 (1839)...... 246, 953, 970, 1990 Bank of Commerce v. New York City, 67 U.S. (2 Black) 620 (1863)...... 2367 Bank of Commerce v. Tennessee, 161 U.S. 134 (1896)...... 2381 Bank of Marin v. England, 385 U.S. 99 (1966)...... 320 Bank of Minden v. Clement, 256 U.S. 126 (1921)...... 435, 2403 Bank of the United States v. Deveaux, 9 U.S. (5 Cr.) 61 (1809)...... 809, 854, 857, 1784, 2603 Bank of the United States v. Halstead, 23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 51 (1825)...... 383 Bank Tax Case, 69 U.S. (2 Wall.) 200 (1865)...... 2367 Bank v. Supervisors, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 26 (1868)...... 1035, 2561 Bankers Coal Co. v. Burnet, 287 U.S. 308 (1932)...... 2267 Bankers Life & Casualty Co. v. Crenshaw, 486 U.S. 71 (1988)...... 816, 2015 Bankers Trust Co. v. Blodgett, 260 U.S. 647 (1923)...... 391, 1918 Bankers Trust Co. v. Texas & P. Ry., 241 U.S. 295 (1916)...... 809 Banks v. Dretke, 540 U.S. 668 (2004)...... 2033–34 Bantam Books v. Sullivan, 372 U.S. 58 (1963)...... 747, 1148, 1153, 2468 Banzhaf v. FCC, 405 F.2d 1082 (D.C. Cir. 1968)...... 85 Barber v. Barber, 323 U.S. 77 (1944)...... 946 Barber v. Barber, 62 U.S. (21 How.) 582 (1858)...... 857, 946–47 Barber v. Page, 390 U.S. 719 (1968)...... 1649 Barbier v. Connolly, 113 U.S. 27 (1885)...... 1893, 2085–86 Barbour v. Georgia, 249 U.S. 454 (1919)...... 1892 Barclay v. Florida, 463 U.S. 939 (1983)...... 1180, 1730, 1732 Barclays Bank v. Franchise Tax Bd., 512 U.S. 298 (1994)...... 269 Barefoot v. Estelle, 463 U.S. 880 (1983)...... 1718, 1724 Barenblatt v. United States, 360 U.S. 109 (1959)...... 97, 101–03, 105–08, 1167, 1169, 1209 Barings v. Dabney, 86 U.S. (19 Wall.) 1 (1873)...... 2370 Barker v. Kansas, 503 U.S. 594 (1992)...... 1039, 2594 TABLE OF CASES 2629

Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514 (1972)...... 1617, 1620–21 Barlow v. Collins, 397 U.S. 159 (1970)...... 736, 755 Barnard v. Thorstenn, 489 U.S. 546 (1989)...... 973, 2515 Barnes v. Glen Theatre, Inc., 501 U.S. 560 (1991)...... 1311, 1320, 1324, 1328–30 Barnes v. Gorman, 536 U.S. 181 (2002)...... 171 Barnes v. Kline, 759 F.2d 21 (D.C. Cir. 1985)...... 152, 751 Barnes v. United States, 412 U.S. 837 (1973)...... 2040 Barnett Bank of Marion County v. Nelson, 517 U.S. 25 (1996)...... 2596 Barnett Bank v. Nelson, 517 U.S. 25 (1996)...... 280, 287, 2596 Barney v. City of Baltimore, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 280 (1868)...... 375 Barney v. City of New York, 193 U.S. 430 (1904)...... 1803 Barnitz v. Beverly, 163 U.S. 118 (1896)...... 439, 2381 Barr v. City of Columbia, 378 U.S. 146 (1964)...... 818, 2036 Barr v. Matteo, 360 U.S. 564 (1959)...... 643, 842 Barrett v. Indiana, 229 U.S. 26 (1913)...... 1853, 2085 Barrett v. United States, 423 U.S. 212 (1976)...... 183, 220, 230, 1369 Barron v. Baltimore, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 243 (1833)...... 1059, 1581 Barron v. Burnside, 121 U.S. 186 (1887)...... 2377 Barrows v. Jackson, 346 U.S. 249 (1953)...... 746, 2071, 2142 Barry v. Barchi, 443 U.S. 55 (1979)...... 1972, 1982 Barry v. Mercein, 46 U.S. (5 How.) 103 (1847)...... 874 Barry v. United States ex rel. Cunningham, 279 U.S. 597 (1929)...... 99, 133 Barsky v. Board of Regents, 347 U.S. 442 (1954)...... 1881, 1969 Bart v. United States, 349 U.S. 219 (1955)...... 107 Bartell v. United States, 227 U.S. 427 (1913)...... 1647 Bartels v. Iowa, 262 U.S. 404 (1923)...... 1923, 2408 Bartemeyer v. Iowa, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 129 (1874)...... 1835, 1892 Bartkus v. Illinois, 359 U.S. 121 (1959)...... 1481–82 Bartnicki v. Vopper, 532 U.S. 514 (2001)...... 1307, 2339, 2527 Barton v. Barbour, 104 U.S. 126 (1881)...... 1694 Bas v. Tingy, 4 U.S. (4 Dall.) 37 (1800)...... 348, 541 Basham v. Pennsylvania R.R., 372 U.S. 699 (1963)...... 1705 Baskin v. Brown, 174 F.2d 391 (4th Cir. 1949)...... 2246 Bass, Ratcliff & Gretton Ltd. v. Tax Comm’n, 266 U.S. 271 (1924)...... 1912 Bassing v. Cady, 208 U.S. 386 (1908)...... 978, 1485 Bates v. Bodie, 245 U.S. 520 (1918)...... 947 Bates v. City of Little Rock, 361 U.S. 516 (1960)...... 1170, 1182–83, 2549 Bates v. Clark, 95 U.S. 204 (1877)...... 643 Bates v. Dow Agrosciences LLC, 544 U.S. 431 (2005)...... 281 Bates v. State Bar of Arizona, 433 U.S. 350 (1977)...... 1184, 1267, 1270, 1273–74 Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79 (1986)...... 1644, 2078, 2139–41, 2613 Battaglia v. General Motors Corp., 169 F.2d 254 (2d Cir. 1948)...... 688, 886 Battle v. United States, 209 U.S. 36 (1908)...... 376 Bauman v. Ross, 167 U.S. 548 (1897)...... 1589, 1593, 1916 Baxstrom v. Herold, 383 U.S. 107 (1966)...... 2064, 2467 Baxter v. Palmigiano, 425 U.S. 308 (1976)...... 1512, 1514, 1686, 2053, 2055 Baylis v. Travellers’ Ins. Co., 113 U.S. 316 (1885)...... 1694 Bayside Fish Co. v. Gentry, 297 U.S. 422 (1936)...... 1885–86, 2112 Baze v. Rees, 128 S. Ct. 1520 (2008)...... 1716, 1719, 1734–36, 1758 Bazemore v. Friday, 478 U.S. 385 (1986)...... 2096, 2132 BE & K Construction Co. v. NLRB, 536 U.S. 516 (2002)...... 1364 Beacon Theatres v. Westover, 359 U.S. 500 (1959)...... 703, 1699 Beal v. Doe, 432 U.S. 438 (1977)...... 1932 2630 TABLE OF CASES

Beal v. Missouri Pac. R.R., 312 U.S. 45 (1941)...... 900 Beard v. Banks, 548 U.S. 521 (2006)...... 1255 Beard v. Kindler, 558 U.S. ___, No. 08–992, slip op. (2009)...... 818 Beard v. Stahr, 370 U.S. 41 (1962)...... 1559 Bearden v. Georgia, 461 U.S. 660 (1983)...... 2059, 2219 Beasley v. Food Fair, 416 U.S. 653 (1974)...... 2584 Beauharnais v. Illinois, 343 U.S. 250 (1952)...... 1066, 1169, 1294–95, 1298, 1312 Beavers v. Haubert, 198 U.S. 77 (1905)...... 1620 Beavers v. Henkel, 194 U.S. 73 (1904)...... 1646 Beazell v. Ohio, 269 U.S. 167 (1925)...... 405, 409 Beck v. Alabama, 447 U.S. 625 (1980)...... 1726, 2500 Beck v. Washington, 369 U.S. 541 (1962)...... 2018 Becker v. St. Louis Trust Co., 296 U.S. 48 (1935)...... 2606 Beckley Newspapers Corp. v. Hanks, 389 U.S. 81 (1967)...... 1303 Beckwith v. United States, 425 U.S. 341 (1976)...... 1540 Bedford Co. v. Stone Cutters Ass’n, 274 U.S. 37 (1927)...... 201 Beer Co. v. Massachusetts, 97 U.S. 25 (1878)...... 425, 437, 1892 Beer v. United States, 425 U.S. 130 (1976)...... 2247, 2254 Begay v. United States, 553 U.S. 137 (2008)...... 2020 Beggans v. Public Funds for Public Schools, 442 U.S. 907 (1979)...... 2498 Beidler v. South Carolina Tax Comm’n, 282 U.S. 1 (1930)...... 1908, 2424 Beilan v. Board of Education, 357 U.S. 399 (1958)...... 1206 Bekins Van Lines v. Riley, 280 U.S. 80 (1929)...... 2108 Belden v. Chase, 150 U.S. 674 (1893)...... 829 Belknap v. Schild, 161 U.S. 10 (1896)...... 338, 643, 842, 1790 Belknap, Inc. v. Hale, 463 U.S. 491 (1983)...... 294 Bell v. Bell, 181 U.S. 175 (1901)...... 941 Bell v. Burson, 402 U.S. 535 (1971)...... 1894, 1969, 1985, 2476 Bell v. Cone, 535 U.S. 685 (2002)...... 916, 1676, 1749 Bell v. Cone, 543 U.S. 447 (2005)...... 1726 Bell v. Hood, 327 U.S. 678 (1946)...... 806, 1454 Bell v. Maryland, 378 U.S. 226 (1964)...... 2071, 2074, 2144 Bell v. New Jersey, 461 U.S. 773 (1983)...... 174 Bell v. United States, 349 U.S. 81 (1955)...... 1500–01 Bell v. Wolﬁsh, 441 U.S. 520 (1979)...... 1441–42, 1709, 1759, 2052 Bellotti v. Baird, 428 U.S. 132 (1976)...... 895, 1930–31, 2498 Bellotti v. Baird, 443 U.S. 622 (1979)...... 1930, 2498 Bell’s Gap R.R. v. Pennsylvania, 134 U.S. 232 (1890)...... 1915, 2102, 2104 Bender v. Williamsport Area School Dist., 475 U.S. 534 (1986)...... 745 Bendix Autolite Corp. v. Midwesco Enterprises, Inc., 486 U.S. 888 (1988)...... 237, 267, 2513 Beneﬁcial Nat’l Bank v. Anderson, 539 U.S. 1 (2003)...... 2597 Benner v. Porter, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 235 (1850)...... 671, 986 Bennett v. Arkansas, 485 U.S. 395 (1988)...... 2593 Bennett v. Butterworth, 52 U.S. (11 How.) 669 (1850)...... 1698 Bennett v. Kentucky Dep’t of Education, 470 U.S. 656 (1985)...... 174 Bennett v. New Jersey, 470 U.S. 632 (1985)...... 174 Bennett v. Spear, 520 U.S. 154 (1997)...... 745, 755–56 Bennis v. Michigan, 516 U.S. 442 (1996)...... 1589, 1894 Benson v. United States, 146 U.S. 325 (1892)...... 377 Benton v. Maryland, 395 U.S. 784 (1969)...... 767, 1062–64, 1481–82, 1491, 2610 Berea College v. Kentucky, 211 U.S. 45 (1908)...... 423, 798, 1831, 2123 Berenyi v. Immigration Director, 385 U.S. 630 (1967)...... 305 Berger v. New York, 388 U.S. 41 (1967)...... 1408, 1448–51, 1460, 2469, 2609 TABLE OF CASES 2631

Berghuis v. Smith, 559 U.S. ___, No. 08–1402, slip op. (2010)...... 1639 Berghuis v. Thompkins, 560 U.S. ___, No. 08–1470, slip op. (2010)...... 1545 Berizzi Bros. Co. v. S.S. Pesaro, 271 U.S. 562 (1926)...... 867 Berk v. Laird, 317 F. Supp. 715 (E.D.N.Y. 1970)...... 349 Berkemer v. McCarty, 468 U.S. 420 (1984)...... 1539, 1547 Berman v. Parker, 348 U.S. 26 (1954)...... 1581–86 Bernal v. Fainter, 467 U.S. 216 (1984)...... 2159, 2507 Bernhardt v. Polygraphic Co. of America, 350 U.S. 198 (1956)...... 862–63 Bernheimer v. Converse, 206 U.S. 516 (1907)...... 435 Berry v. United States, 312 U.S. 450 (1941)...... 1703 Berryman v. Whitman College, 222 U.S. 334 (1912)...... 2390 Bessette v. W. B. Conkey Co., 194 U.S. 324 (1904)...... 694 Best v. Maxwell, 311 U.S. 454 (1940)...... 2438 Bethel School Dist. No. 403 v. Fraser, 478 U.S. 675 (1986)...... 1225 Bethlehem Motors Corp. v. Flynt, 256 U.S. 421 (1921)...... 245, 2404 Bethlehem Steel Co. v. New York Employment Relations Bd., 330 U.S. 767 (1947)..... 194, 291, 2574 Betterman v. Montana, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–1457, slip op. (2016)...... 1619–20 Betts v. Brady, 316 U.S. 455 (1942)...... 1662, 1664, 2608 Bi-Metallic Investment Co. v. State Bd. of Equalization, 239 U.S. 441 (1915)...... 1917, 1978 Bianchi v. Morales, 262 U.S. 170 (1923)...... 2007 Bibb v. Navajo Freight Lines, 359 U.S. 520 (1959)...... 265, 2454 Biddinger v. Commissioner of Police, 245 U.S. 128 (1917)...... 979 Biddle v. Perovich, 274 U.S. 480 (1927)...... 516–17, 1515 Bier v. McGehee, 148 U.S. 137 (1893)...... 410 Bigelow v. Old Dominion Copper Co., 225 U.S. 111 (1912)...... 932, 935–36 Bigelow v. Virginia, 421 U.S. 809 (1975)...... 1172, 1266, 1930, 2489 Billings v. Illinois, 188 U.S. 97 (1903)...... 2107 Billings v. United States, 232 U.S. 261 (1914)...... 396, 1572 Bilski v. Kappos, 561 U.S. ___, No. 08–964, slip op. (2010)...... 333 Binderup v. Pathe Exchange, 263 U.S. 291 (1923)...... 806 Bingaman v. Golden Eagle Lines, 297 U.S. 626 (1936)...... 2432 Bingham v. Cabot, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 382 (1798)...... 688 Binney v. Long, 299 U.S. 280 (1936)...... 2433 Binns v. United States, 194 U.S. 486 (1904)...... 162, 990 Birchﬁeld v. North Dakota, 579 U.S. ___, No. 14–1468, slip op. (2016)...... 1421–23, 1434, 2533 Bishop v. United States, 197 U.S. 334 (1905)...... 614 Bishop v. United States, 350 U.S. 961 (1956)...... 2041 Bishop v. Wood, 426 U.S. 341 (1976)...... 1971, 1973 Bisso v. Inland Waterways Corp., 349 U.S. 85 (1955)...... 824, 831 Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents, 403 U.S. 388 (1971)...... 143, 643, 807, 810, 839, 842, 1454, 1462 Black & White Taxicab Co. v. Brown & Yellow Taxicab Co., 276 U.S. 518 (1928)...... 859–60 Black v. Cutter Laboratories, 351 U.S. 292 (1956)...... 816, 2071 Black v. Romano, 471 U.S. 606 (1985)...... 2059 Blackburn v. Alabama, 361 U.S. 199 (1960)...... 1530–31, 1533 Blackledge v. Allison, 431 U.S. 63 (1977)...... 2044–45 Blackledge v. Perry, 417 U.S. 21 (1974)...... 2044–45, 2048 Blackstone v. Miller, 188 U.S. 189 (1903)...... 2605 Blair v. City of Chicago, 201 U.S. 400 (1906)...... 426 Blair v. United States, 250 U.S. 273 (1919)...... 1247, 1477 Blake v. McClung, 172 U.S. 239 (1898)...... 968, 973–74, 2083, 2382 Blake v. United States, 103 U.S. 227 (1881)...... 587 2632 TABLE OF CASES

Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296 (2004)...... 1633–34, 1637, 2529 Blanton v. City of North Las Vegas, 489 U.S. 538 (1989)...... 1629 Blatchford v. Native Village of Noatak, 501 U.S. 775 (1991)...... 1787 Blau v. United States, 340 U.S. 159 (1950)...... 1475, 1508 Blau v. United States, 340 U.S. 332 (1951)...... 1508 Bleisten v. Donaldson Lithographing Co., 188 U.S. 239 (1903)...... 341 Blinn v. Nelson, 222 U.S. 1 (1911)...... 2010 Block v. Hirsh, 256 U.S. 135 (1921)...... 360, 369 Block v. North Dakota, 461 U.S. 273 (1983)...... 839 Block v. Rutherford, 468 U.S. 576 (1984)...... 2054 Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299 (1932)...... 1500–03, 1681 Blodgett v. Holden, 275 U.S. 142 (1927)...... 1574 Blodgett v. Silberman, 277 U.S. 1 (1928)...... 950, 1035, 1901, 1908 Blonder-Tongue Labs v. University of Ill. Found., 402 U.S. 313 (1971)...... 2610 Bloom v. Illinois, 391 U.S. 194 (1968)...... 694, 696, 702, 1066, 1616, 1622, 1630 Bloomer v. McQuewan, 55 U.S. (14 How.) 539 (1852)...... 332, 338 Bloomer v. Millinger, 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 340 (1864)...... 332 Blount v. Rizzi, 400 U.S. 410 (1971)...... 328–29, 1154, 2331 Blueford v. Arkansas, 566 U.S. ___, No. 10–1320, slip op. (2012)...... 1486, 1491 Blum v. Bacon, 457 U.S. 132 (1982)...... 2588 Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991 (1982)...... 2066, 2076–77, 2079–80, 2082 Blumenstock Bros. v. Curtis Pub. Co., 252 U.S. 436 (1920)...... 178 Blyew v. United States, 80 U.S. 581 (1871)...... 1817 Blystone v. Pennsylvania, 494 U.S. 299 (1990)...... 1730 Blythe v. Hinckley, 180 U.S. 333 (1901)...... 2158 BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore, 517 U.S. 559 (1996)...... 2009–10 Board of Airport Comm’rs v. Jews for Jesus, 482 U.S. 569 (1987)...... 1172, 2554 Board of Comm’rs v. New York Tel. Co., 271 U.S. 23 (1926)...... 1867 Board of County Comm’rs v. Seber, 318 U.S. 705 (1943)...... 1044 Board of County Comm’rs v. Umbehr, 518 U.S. 668 (1996)...... 1191, 1222 Board of Curators v. Horowitz, 435 U.S. 78 (1978)...... 1971–72 Board of Directors of Rotary Int’l v. Rotary Club of Duarte, 481 U.S. 537 (1987)...... 1185–86 Board of Educ. of Kiryas Joel Village v. Grumet, 512 U.S. 687 (1994)...... 1076–77, 1080, 1119, 1122, 2520 Board of Educ. v. Illinois, 203 U.S. 553 (1906)...... 2107 Board of Educ. v. National Gay Task Force, 470 U.S. 903 (1985)...... 2508 Board of Education v. Allen, 392 U.S. 236 (1968)...... 1075, 1082, 1094–95 Board of Education v. Earls, 536 U.S. 822 (2002)...... 1444–45 Board of Education v. Pico, 457 U.S. 853 (1982)...... 1227 Board of Governors v. Agnew, 329 U.S. 441 (1947)...... 389 Board of Liquidation v. McComb, 92 U.S. 531 (1875)...... 1049, 1801 Board of Pardons v. Allen, 482 U.S. 369 (1987)...... 2059 Board of Public Works v. Columbia College, 84 U.S. (17 Wall.) 521 (1873)...... 933, 935 Board of Regents of the Univ. of Wisconsin System v. Southworth, 529 U.S. 217 (2000)...... 1178 Board of Regents v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564 (1972)...... 1180, 1217, 1968, 1971, 1975–76, 1985 Board of School Commr’s v. Jacobs, 420 U.S. 128 (1975)...... 769 Board of Trustees of Univ. of Ala. v. Garrett, 531 U.S. 356 (2001)...... 174, 2237–39, 2348 Board of Trustees v. Fox, 492 U.S. 469 (1989)...... 1173, 1269, 1271 Board of Trustees v. United States, 289 U.S. 48 (1933)...... 159, 213, 1024 Bob Jones Univ. v. United States, 461 U.S. 574 (1983)...... 1124, 1131 Bob-Lo Excursion Co. v. Michigan, 333 U.S. 28 (1948)...... 270 Bobby v. Bies, 556 U.S. ___, No. 08–598, slip op. (2009)...... 1504 TABLE OF CASES 2633

Bobby v. Dixon, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–1540, slip op. (2012)...... 1545 Bobby v. Van Hook, 558 U.S. ___, No. 09–144, slip op. (2009)...... 1672 Boddie v. Connecticut, 401 U.S. 371 (1971)...... 1558, 2006–07, 2220–21, 2224, 2475 Boehner v. Anderson, 30 F.3d 156 (D.C. Cir. 1994)...... 138 Boehner v. Anderson, 809 F. Supp. 138 (D.D.C. 1992)...... 2307 Bogart v. The Steamboat John Jay, 58 U.S. (17 How.) 399 (1854)...... 824 Boggs v. Boggs, 520 U.S. 833 (1997)...... 278, 280, 288 Bogle v. Jakes Foundry Co., 362 U.S. 401 (1960)...... 2579 Bohning v. Ohio, 262 U.S. 404 (1923)...... 2408 Boise Water Co. v. Boise City, 230 U.S. 84 (1913)...... 2538 Bolger v. Youngs Drug Products Corp., 463 U.S. 60 (1983)...... 1268, 1270, 2313 Bolling v. Sharpe, 347 U.S. 497 (1954)...... 966, 1567, 2123, 2312 Bolln v. Nebraska, 176 U.S. 83 (1900)...... 984 Bonaparte v. Camden & A.R. Co., 3 Fed. Cas. 821 (No. 1617) (C.C.D.N.J. 1830)...... 429 Bonaparte v. Tax Court, 104 U.S. 592 (1882)...... 953 Bond v. Floyd, 385 U.S. 116 (1966)...... 117, 119, 784, 1045, 1175–76, 1179 Bond v. Hume, 243 U.S. 15 (1917)...... 953 Bond v. United States, 529 U.S. 334 (2000)...... 1386, 1416 Bond v. United States, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–1227, slip op. (2011)...... 748, 801 Bonelli Cattle Co. v. Arizona, 414 U.S. 313 (1973)...... 2611 Bonito Boats, Inc. v. Thunder Craft Boats, Inc., 489 U.S. 141 (1989)...... 283, 335, 340, 2594 Books v. Elkhart County, 410 F.3d 857 (7th Cir. 2005)...... 734 Boom Co. v. Patterson, 98 U.S. 403 (1879)...... 1580, 1587 Boos v. Barry, 485 U.S. 312 (1988)...... 1286, 1332, 2327–28 Booth Fisheries v. Industrial Comm’n, 271 U.S. 208 (1926)...... 1855 Booth v. Illinois, 184 U.S. 425 (1902)...... 1877 Booth v. Indiana, 237 U.S. 391 (1915)...... 1853 Booth v. Maryland, 482 U.S. 496 (1987)...... 1733, 2511, 2613 Booth v. United States, 291 U.S. 339 (1934)...... 2326 Borden Co. v. Borella, 325 U.S. 679 (1945)...... 210 Bordenkircher v. Hayes, 434 U.S. 357 (1978)...... 1515, 2045 Borden’s Farm Products Co. v. Ten Eyck, 297 U.S. 251 (1936)...... 2113 Borer v. Chapman, 119 U.S. 587 (1887)...... 950 Borough of Duryea, Pennsylvania, v. Guarnieri, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–1476 (2011)...... 1365 Bors v. Preston, 111 U.S. 252 (1884)...... 818, 871 Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, 466 U.S. 485 (1984)...... 1304 Bosley v. McLaughlin, 236 U.S. 385 (1915)...... 1852 Bosley v. WildWetT.com, 310 F. Supp. 2d 914 (N.D. Ohio 2004)...... 1151 Boston Metals Co. v. The Winding Gulf, 349 U.S. 122 (1955)...... 824 Boston Stock Exchange v. State Tax Comm’n, 429 U.S. 318 (1977)...... 237, 256, 755, 2492 Boston Store v. American Graphophone Co., 246 U.S. 8 (1918)...... 2605 Boswell’s Lessee v. Otis, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 336 (1850)...... 1998 Botiller v. Dominguez, 130 U.S. 238 (1889)...... 531 Bouie v. City of Columbia, 378 U.S. 347 (1964)...... 406, 2019, 2023 Boumediene v. Bush, 128 S. Ct. 2229 (2008)...... 711 Boumediene v. Bush, 553 U.S. 723 (2008)...... 513, 711–12, 2358 Bounds v. Smith, 430 U.S. 817 (1978)...... 2053, 2217 Bourjois, Inc. v. Chapman, 301 U.S. 183 (1937)...... 1882 Bousley v. Brooks, 523 U.S. 614 (1998)...... 773, 911, 914 Bousley v. United States, 523 U.S. 614, 620 (1998)...... 1746 Boutilier v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 387 U.S. 118 (1967)...... 305 Bowen v. Gilliard, 483 U.S. 587 (1987)...... 1591 Bowen v. Johnston, 306 U.S. 19 (1939)...... 376 2634 TABLE OF CASES

Bowen v. Kendrick, 487 U.S. 589 (1988)...... 1086, 1096, 1100 Bowen v. Michigan Academy of Family Physicians, 476 U.S. 667 (1986)...... 880, 886 Bowen v. Public Agencies Opposed to Social Security Entrapment, 477 U.S. 41 (1986)...... 1577, 1591 Bowen v. Roy, 476 U.S. 693 (1986)...... 1132 Bowen v. Women’s Services, 429 U.S. 1067 (1977)...... 2492 Bower v. Vaughan, 400 U.S. 884 (1970)...... 2475 Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986)...... 1320, 1754, 1926, 1947, 1949–51, 2614 Bowers v. Kerbaugh-Empire Co., 271 U.S. 170 (1926)...... 2260, 2269 Bowersock v. Smith, 243 U.S. 29 (1917)...... 2007 Bowles v. Willingham, 321 U.S. 503 (1944)...... 369–70, 1556, 1590 Bowman v. Chicago & Northwestern Ry. Co., 125 U.S. 465 (1888)...... 239–40, 327, 445, 2378 Bowman v. Continental Oil Co., 256 U.S. 642 (1921)...... 2404 Bowman v. School Bd. of Charles City County, 382 F.2d 326 (4th Cir. 1967)...... 2125 Bowsher v. Synar, 478 U.S. 714 (1986)... 68–71, 93, 155, 471–73, 569, 583, 683, 715, 748, 2345 Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, 530 U.S. 640 (2000)...... 1187, 1263, 2526 Boyce Motor Lines v. United States, 342 U.S. 337 (1952)...... 2023 Boyce’s Executors v. Grundy, 28 U.S. (3 Pet.) 210 (1830)...... 715 Boyd v. Nebraska ex rel. Thayer, 143 U.S. 135 (1892)...... 301, 303, 985 Boyd v. United States, 116 U.S. 616 (1886)...... 1378, 1518, 1520, 2314 Boyd v. United States, 142 U.S. 450 (1892)...... 520, 1378–79, 1384, 1407, 1409, 1455–56, 1459 Boyde v. California, 494 U.S. 370 (1990)...... 1730 Boykin v. Alabama, 395 U.S. 238 (1969)...... 1460, 2045 Boyle v. Landry, 401 U.S. 77 (1971)...... 764, 902 Boyle v. United Technologies Corp., 487 U.S. 500 (1988)...... 275, 866, 2593 Boyle v. Zacharie, 31 U.S. (6 Pet.) 635 (1832)...... 2364 Boynton v. Hutchinson Gas Co., 291 U.S. 656 (1934)...... 1839 Boynton v. Virginia, 364 U.S. 454 (1960)...... 229, 2142, 2580 Boys Markets v. Retail Clerks Union, 398 U.S. 235 (1970)...... 717, 879, 2610 Bozza v. United States, 330 U.S. 160 (1947)...... 1497 Braden v. 30th Judicial Circuit Court, 410 U.S. 484 (1973)...... 512, 713–14, 2610 Braden v. United States, 365 U.S. 431 (1961)...... 102, 106, 109, 1167, 1169, 1209 Bradﬁeld v. Roberts, 175 U.S. 291 (1899)...... 735, 1081, 1086, 1100 Bradford Elec. Co. v. Clapper, 286 U.S. 145 (1932)...... 953, 961 Bradley v. Fisher, 80 U.S. 335 (1872)...... 692–93 Bradley v. Illinois, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 459 (1867)...... 2560 Bradley v. Lightcap, 195 U.S. 1 (1904)...... 435, 2385 Bradley v. Public Utility Comm’n, 289 U.S. 92 (1933)...... 248, 1893, 2114 Bradley v. Richmond School Bd., 345 F.2d 310 (4th Cir. 1965)...... 2125 Bradley v. Richmond School Bd., 382 U.S. 103 (1965)...... 2125–26 Bradshaw v. Stumpf, 545 U.S. 175 (2005)...... 2032, 2045 Bradwell v. Illinois, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 130 (1873)...... 968, 1835, 2163 Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)...... 589, 2032–34 Brady v. Roosevelt S.S. Co., 317 U.S. 575 (1943)...... 839, 2607 Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742 (1970)...... 1514, 1626, 2044 Bragg v. Weaver, 251 U.S. 57 (1919)...... 1583, 1593, 1978 Bram v. United States, 168 U.S. 532 (1897)...... 1526–27, 1534 Branch v. Haas, 16 F. 53 (C.C.M.D. Ala. 1883)...... 2227 Brandenburg v. Ohio, 395 U.S. 444 (1969)..... 1143, 1170, 1175–76, 1200, 1205, 1290, 1293–94, 2473, 2610 Brandon v. Board of Education, 635 F.2d 971 (2d Cir. 1980)...... 1226 Branson v. Bush, 251 U.S. 182 (1919)...... 2110 Branti v. Finkel, 445 U.S. 507 (1980)...... 1190–91, 1223 TABLE OF CASES 2635

Brantley v. Georgia, 217 U.S. 284 (1910)...... 1496, 2610 Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665 (1972)...... 1147, 1248, 1256, 1475 Brasco v. Reader’s Digest, 4 Cal. 3d 520, 483 P. 2d 34, 93 Cal. Rptr. 866 (1971)...... 1307 Brass v. North Dakota ex rel. Stoesser, 153 U.S. 391 (1894)...... 1860 Braswell v. United States, 487 U.S. 99 (1988)...... 1509 Braunfeld v. Brown, 366 U.S. 599 (1961)...... 1077, 1111, 1120, 1123, 1128–29, 2115 Braxton County Court v. West Virginia, 208 U.S. 192 (1908)...... 727, 1839 Brazee v. Michigan, 241 U.S. 340 (1916)...... 1882 Breard v. City of Alexandria, 341 U.S. 622 (1951)...... 1127, 1265, 2114 Breard v. Greene, 523 U.S. 371 (1998)...... 525, 1787 Brecht v. Abrahamson, 507 U.S. 619 (1993)...... 1513, 1748–49 Breed v. Jones, 421 U.S. 519 (1975)...... 1483, 1490, 1495 Breedlove v. Suttles, 302 U.S. 277 (1937)...... 115, 1835, 2184, 2278, 2299, 2609 Breese v. United States, 226 U.S. 1 (1912)...... 1478 Breiholz v. Board of Supervisors, 257 U.S. 118 (1921)...... 1917 Breithaupt v. Abram, 352 U.S. 432 (1957)...... 1458 Brendale v. Confederated Yakima Tribes, 492 U.S. 408 (1989)...... 299 Brendlin v. California, 551 U.S. 249 (2007)...... 1429 Brenham v. German-American Bank, 144 U.S. 173 (1892)...... 2604 Brennan v. City of Titusville, 153 U.S. 289 (1894)...... 2536 Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assoc., 531 U.S. 288 (2001)...... 2075 Brewer v. Quarterman, 550 U.S. 286 (2007)...... 1730, 2530 Brewer v. School Bd. of City of Norfolk, 397 F.2d 37 (4th Cir. 1968)...... 2126 Brewer v. Williams, 430 U.S. 387 (1977)...... 911, 1540, 1680, 1686 Brewing Co. v. Liquor Comm’n, 305 U.S. 391 (1939)...... 2286 Brick Presbyterian Church v. New York, 5 Cow. (N.Y.) 538 (1826)...... 429 Bridge Co. v. United States, 105 U.S. 470 (1882)...... 187 Bridge Proprietors v. Hoboken Co., 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 116 (1863)...... 411 Bridges v. California, 314 U.S. 252 (1941)...... 699, 1064, 1143, 1161, 1364 Bridges v. Wixon, 326 U.S. 135 (1945)...... 1648 Briggs v. Elliott, 132 F. Supp. 776 (E.D.S.C. 1955)...... 2126 Briggs v. Elliott, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)...... 2451 Brigham City, Utah v. Stuart, 547 U.S. 398...... 1381 Brillhart v. Excess Ins. Co. of America, 316 U.S. 491 (1942)...... 761 Brimmer v. Rebman, 138 U.S. 78 (1891)...... 249, 2380 Brinegar v. United States, 338 U.S. 160 (1949)...... 1401, 1427 Brinkerhoff-Faris Co. v. Hill, 281 U.S. 673 (1930)...... 1920 Briscoe v. Bank of Kentucky, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 257 (1837)...... 403 Bristol v. Washington County, 177 U.S. 133 (1900)...... 1904 Britt v. North Carolina, 404 U.S. 266 (1971)...... 2216 Broad River Co. v. South Carolina ex rel. Daniel, 281 U.S. 537 (1930)...... 1872 Broadrick v. Oklahoma, 413 U.S. 601 (1973)...... 574, 748, 1171, 1213–14 Brock v. Roadway Express, Inc., 481 U.S. 252 (1987)...... 1983 Brockett v. Spokane Arcades, Inc., 472 U.S. 491 (1985)...... 1313, 1318, 2502, 2509 Broderick v. Rosner, 294 U.S. 629 (1935)...... 934, 957, 2431 Brodnax v. Missouri, 219 U.S. 285 (1911)...... 1877 Brolan v. United States, 236 U.S. 216 (1915)...... 184, 215 Bromley v. McCaughn, 280 U.S. 124 (1929)...... 396, 1573 Bronson v. Kinzie, 42 U.S. (1 How.) 311 (1843)...... 434, 2364 Brooke v. City of Norfolk, 277 U.S. 27 (1928)...... 1905, 2418 Brookhart v. Janis, 384 U.S. 1 (1966)...... 1648 Brooks v. Burlington Industries, 477 U.S. 901 (1986)...... 2591 2636 TABLE OF CASES

Brooks v. Tennessee, 406 U.S. 605 (1972)...... 1515, 1669, 2480 Brooks v. United States, 267 U.S. 432 (1925)...... 181, 183, 218–19, 1771 Brooks-Scanlon Co. v. Railroad Comm’n, 251 U.S. 396 (1920)...... 1871 Brosseau v. Haugen, 125 S. Ct. 596 (2004)...... 1454 Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen v. Chicago, R.I. & P. R.R., 382 U.S. 423 (1966)...... 248 Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen v. Chicago, R.I. & P. R.R., 393 U.S. 129 (1968)... 192, 264, 1847, 1873 Brotherhood of R.R. Trainmen v. Jacksonville Terminal Co., 394 U.S. 369 (1969)...... 296 Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Chicago River & I. R.R., 353 U.S. 30 (1957)...... 879 Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Virginia, 377 U.S. 1 (1964)...... 749, 1184 Brower v. County of Inyo, 489 U.S. 593 (1989)...... 1390 Brown v. Allen, 344 U.S. 443 (1953)...... 714, 818, 906, 909–10, 916, 1638 Brown v. Board of Education, 345 U.S. 972 (1952)...... 2084 Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)...... 625, 812, 899, 1567, 2066, 2068, 2084, 2090, 2123–25, 2127, 2132, 2143, 2451, 2456, 2608 Brown v. Board of Education, 349 U.S. 294 (1955)...... 2124 Brown v. Brandon, 467 U.S. 1223 (1984)...... 2508 Brown v. Califano, 627 F.2d 1221 (D.C. Cir. 1980)...... 2134 Brown v. Duchesne, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 183 (1857)...... 332 Brown v. Elliott, 225 U.S. 392 (1912)...... 1646 Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association, 564 U.S. ___, No. 08–1448, slip op. (2011)...... 2531 Brown v. Entm’t Merchs. Ass’n, 564 U.S. 786, 792 (2011)...... 1288 Brown v. Fletcher’s Estate, 210 U.S. 82 (1908)...... 935, 938, 949 Brown v. Glines, 444 U.S. 348 (1980)...... 353 Brown v. Grant, 116 U.S. 207 (1886)...... 987 Brown v. Hartlage, 456 U.S. 45 (1982)...... 1229–30, 2503 Brown v. Hotel Employees, 468 U.S. 491 (1984)...... 291 Brown v. Houston, 114 U.S. 622 (1885)...... 217 Brown v. Illinois, 422 U.S. 590 (1975)...... 1392, 1461–62, 1468, 1546 Brown v. Legal Found. of Washington, 538 U.S. 216 (2003)...... 1584, 1586 Brown v. Louisiana, 383 U.S. 131 (1966)...... 1168 Brown v. Louisiana, 447 U.S. 323 (1980)...... 772–73, 1168, 1170, 1291, 1332, 1357, 1628 Brown v. Maryland, 25 U.S. (12 Wheat.) 419 (1827)...... 158, 231, 235, 237, 239, 267, 270, 443–44, 2363 Brown v. Mississippi, 297 U.S. 278 (1936)...... 1063, 1527–29, 1532–33, 2051 Brown v. New Jersey, 175 U.S. 172 (1899)...... 1960 Brown v. Ohio, 432 U.S. 161 (1977)...... 1502–04 Brown v. Pennsylvania, 392 F.2d 120 (3d Cir. 1968)...... 2073 Brown v. Penobscot Bank, 8 Mass. 445 (1812)...... 437 Brown v. Sanders, 546 U.S. 212 (2006)...... 1731 Brown v. Smart, 145 U.S. 454 (1892)...... 322 Brown v. Socialist Workers ’74 Campaign Comm., 459 U.S. 87 (1982)...... 1192, 1235, 2505 Brown v. Texas, 443 U.S. 47 (1979)...... 1391, 1417 Brown v. Thomson, 462 U.S. 835 (1983)...... 2195 Brown v. United States, 12 U.S. (8 Cr.) 110 (1814)...... 364, 701 Brown v. United States, 263 U.S. 78 (1923)...... 1584 Brown v. United States, 356 U.S. 148 (1958)...... 1513 Brown v. United States, 359 U.S. 41 (1959)...... 701, 2609 Brown v. Walker, 161 U.S. 591 (1896)...... 516, 1513, 1515–16, 1518–19 Brown v. Western Ry. of Alabama, 338 U.S. 294 (1949)...... 818, 891 Brown-Forman Co. v. Kentucky, 217 U.S. 563 (1910)...... 2086 Brown-Forman Distillers Corp. v. New York State Liquor Auth., 476 U.S. 573 (1986)...... 240, 260–61, 265, 2106, 2287, 2290, 2510 TABLE OF CASES 2637

Browne v. Strode, 9 U.S. (5 Cr.) 303 (1809)...... 869 Brownell v. Singer, 347 U.S. 403 (1954)...... 1021 Browning v. City of Waycross, 233 U.S. 16 (1914)...... 178 Browning v. Hooper, 269 U.S. 396 (1926)...... 1917, 2413 Browning-Ferris Industries v. Kelco Disposal, Inc., 492 U.S. 257 (1989)...... 1713, 2009 Brown’s Lessee v. Clements, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 650 (1845)...... 2603 Bruner v. United States, 343 U.S. 112 (1952)...... 875, 881 Bruno v. United States, 308 U.S. 287 (1939)...... 1513 Brunswick v. United States, 276 U.S. 547 (1928)...... 1040 Brush v. Commissioners, 300 U.S. 352 (1937)...... 2606 Brushaber v. Union Pac. R.R., 240 U.S. 1 (1916)...... 157, 162, 729, 1572–74, 2260, 2268 Bruton v. United States, 391 U.S. 123 (1968)...... 1640, 1650, 2609 Bryan v. Itasca County, 426 U.S. 373 (1976)...... 297–98, 2490 Bryan v. United States, 338 U.S. 552 (1950)...... 2611 Bryant v. Yellen, 447 U.S. 352 (1980)...... 743 Buchalter v. New York, 319 U.S. 427 (1943)...... 2027 Buchanan v. Angelone, 522 U.S. 269 (1998) (1998)...... 1730 Buchanan v. Kentucky, 483 U.S. 402 (1987)...... 1642 Buchanan v. Warley, 245 U.S. 60 (1917)...... 746, 1888, 2121, 2141, 2539 Buck v. Beach, 206 U.S. 392 (1907)...... 1905 Buck v. Bell, 274 U.S. 200 (1927)...... 1924, 2084, 2110 Buck v. Colbath, 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 334 (1866)...... 720 Buck v. Kuykendall, 267 U.S. 307 (1925)...... 248, 2411 Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation, 525 U.S. 182 (1999)..... 1238, 1353, 2524 Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1 (1976).. 68, 128–29, 169–70, 308, 470, 567–70, 579, 615, 745, 765, 771, 803, 1066, 1173, 1191–92, 1229–38, 1244–45, 1567, 1943, 1970, 2191, 2341 Bucks Stove Co. v. Vickers, 226 U.S. 205 (1912)...... 2391 Budd v. New York, 143 U.S. 517 (1892)...... 1845, 1860, 1862 Bugajewitz v. Adams, 228 U.S. 585 (1913)...... 313, 392 Building Service Emp. Intern. Union v. Gazzam, 339 U.S. 532 (1950)...... 1343 Building Union v. Ledbetter Co., 344 U.S. 178 (1952)...... 2608 Bullcoming v. New Mexico, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–10876, slip op. at 12 (2011)...... 1654 Bullen v. Wisconsin, 240 U.S. 635 (1916)...... 1907 Bullington v. Missouri, 451 U.S. 430 (1981)...... 1498 Bullock v. Carter, 405 U.S. 134 (1972)...... 1188, 2091, 2187, 2218–19, 2477 Bumper v. North Carolina, 391 U.S. 543 (1968)...... 1433, 1641 Bunch v. Cole, 263 U.S. 250 (1923)...... 2567 Bunkley v. Florida, 538 U.S. 835 (2003)...... 2036 Bunting v. Oregon, 243 U.S. 426 (1917)...... 1850–52, 2115 Buono v. Kempthorne, 502 F.3d 1069 (9th Cir. 2007)...... 1118 Buono v. Norton, 371 F.3d 543 (9th Cir. 2004)...... 1118 Burbank v. Ernst, 232 U.S. 162 (1914)...... 949 Burch v. Louisiana, 441 U.S. 130 (1979)...... 1065, 1628, 2497 Burdeau v. McDowell, 256 U.S. 465 (1921)...... 1527 Burden v. Zant, 498 U.S. 433 (1991)...... 907 Burdick v. United States, 236 U.S. 79 (1915)...... 516, 1515 Burford v. Sun Oil Co., 319 U.S. 315 (1943)...... 894 Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz, 471 U.S. 462 (1985)...... 1996 Burgess v. Salmon, 97 U.S. 381 (1878)...... 149, 391 Burgess v. Seligman, 107 U.S. 20 (1883)...... 413, 860–61 Burgett v. Texas, 389 U.S. 109 (1967)...... 1665 Burk-Waggoner Ass’n v. Hopkins, 269 U.S. 110 (1925)...... 2264 Burke v. Barnes, 479 U.S. 361 (1987)...... 152, 751, 765 2638 TABLE OF CASES

Burke v. Ford, 389 U.S. 320 (1967)...... 2293 Burks v. United States, 437 U.S. 1 (1978)...... 1484, 1490, 1496–97, 2611 Burnap v. United States, 252 U.S. 512 (1920)...... 570, 572 Burnet v. Coronado Oil & Gas Co., 285 U.S. 393 (1932)...... 159, 802, 2603, 2606 Burnet v. Harmel, 287 U.S. 103 (1932)...... 2267 Burnet v. Sanford & Brooks Co., 282 U.S. 359 (1931)...... 2269 Burnham v. Department of Public Health, 503 F.2d 1319 (5th Cir. 1974)...... 1956 Burnham v. Superior Court, 495 U.S. 604 (1990)...... 1987 Burns Baking Co. v. Bryan, 264 U.S. 504 (1924)...... 1877, 2410 Burns v. Fortson, 410 U.S. 686 (1973)...... 2183, 2207 Burns v. Ohio, 360 U.S. 252 (1959)...... 2216 Burns v. Richardson, 384 U.S. 73, 93–94 (1966)...... 2194, 2201 Burns v. Wilson, 346 U.S. 137 (1953)...... 357, 1528, 1566 Burnside v. Byars, 363 F.2d 744 (5th Cir. 1966)...... 1225 Burroughs & Cannon v. United States, 290 U.S. 534 (1934)...... 478, 480, 1229 Burrow-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony, 111 U.S. 53 (1884)...... 331, 341 Burson v. Freeman, 504 U.S. 191 (1992)...... 1230, 1286 Burt v. Titlow, 571 U.S. ___, No. 12–414, slip op. (2013)...... 1671–72 Burton v. United States, 202 U.S. 344 (1906)...... 135, 1646–47 Burton v. Wilmington Parking Auth., 365 U.S. 715 (1961)...... 2067, 2073–75, 2144 Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, 573 U.S. ___, No. 13–354, slip op. (2014)...... 1137 Bus Employees v. Missouri, 374 U.S. 74 (1963)...... 291, 2582 Bus Employees v. WERB, 340 U.S. 383 (1951)...... 291, 2576 Busbee v. Georgia, 459 U.S. 1166 (1983)...... 2589 Bush Co. v. Maloy, 267 U.S. 317 (1925)...... 2411 Bush v. Gore, 531 U.S. 98 (2000)...... 479, 788, 2204 Bush v. Kentucky, 107 U.S. 110 (1883)...... 917–18, 2137 Bush v. Lucas, 462 U.S. 367 (1983)...... 810, 1215 Bush v. Orleans Parish School Bd., 187 F. Supp. 42, 188 F. Supp. 916 (E.D. La. 1960)...... 2125 Bush v. Orleans Parish School Bd., 364 U.S. 500 (1961)...... 2456 Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Bd., 531 U.S. 70 (2000)...... 479, 788 Bush v. Vera, 517 U.S. 952 (1996)...... 2197, 2522 Bustamante v. Mukasey, 531 F.3d 1059 (9th Cir. 2008)...... 1561 Butchers’ Union Slaughter-House and Live-Stock Landing Co. v. Crescent City Live-Stock Landing and Slaughter-House Co., 111 U.S. 746 (1884)...... 431, 967 Bute v. Illinois, 333 U.S. 640 (1948)...... 1663–64 Butler v. Boston & S. S.S. Co., 130 U.S. 527 (1889)...... 822 Butler v. Goreley, 146 U.S. 303 (1892)...... 322 Butler v. McKellar, 494 U.S. 407 (1990)...... 773, 911, 1747 Butler v. Michigan, 352 U.S. 380 (1957)...... 1311, 1313, 2453 Butler v. Pennsylvania, 51 U.S. (10 How.) 402 (1850)...... 416 Butler v. Perry, 240 U.S. 328 (1916)...... 352, 1822 Butler v. Thompson, 341 U.S. 937 (1951)...... 2184, 2299, 2609 Butler v. Thompson, 97 F. Supp. 17 (E.D. Va. 1951)...... 2299 Butte City Water Co. v. Baker, 196 U.S. 119 (1905)...... 91 Butters v. City of Oakland, 263 U.S. 162 (1923)...... 1899 Butterworth v. Smith, 494 U.S. 624 (1990)...... 1311, 2516 Butterworth v. United States ex rel. Hoe, 112 U.S. 50 (1884)...... 336, 678 Buttﬁeld v. Stranahan, 192 U.S. 470 (1904)...... 82, 91, 214 Butz v. Economou, 438 U.S. 478 (1978)...... 643, 842 Buzard v. Houston, 119 U.S. 347 (1886)...... 1698–99 Byars v. United States, 273 U.S. 28 (1927)...... 1401, 1456, 2608 TABLE OF CASES 2639

Byrd v. Blue Ridge Rural Elec. Coop., 356 U.S. 525 (1958)...... 865, 1693 Byrne v. Karalexis, 401 U.S. 216 (1971)...... 902 Byrne v. Missouri, 33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 40 (1834)...... 403 C C & A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown, 511 U.S. 383 (1994)...... 249, 261–62, 2556 C. J. Henry Co. v. Moore, 318 U.S. 133 (1943)...... 827–28 Caban v. Mohammed, 441 U.S. 380 (1979)...... 2166–67, 2169, 2176, 2179, 2498 Cabana v. Bullock, 474 U.S. 376 (1986)...... 1738 Cabell v. Chavez-Salido, 454 U.S. 432 (1982)...... 315, 317, 2092, 2161–62 Cady v. Dombrowski, 413 U.S. 433 (1973)...... 1399, 1431, 1436 Caetano v. Massachusetts, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–10078, slip op. (2016)...... 1370 Cafeteria & Restaurant Workers v. McElroy, 367 U.S. 886 (1961).. 360, 1204, 1558, 1980, 1985 Cafeteria Employees Union v. Angelos, 320 U.S. 293 (1943)...... 1343 Cage v. Louisiana, 498 U.S. 39 (1990)...... 2035 Caha v. United States, 152 U.S. 211 (1894)...... 81 Cahen v. Brewster, 203 U.S. 543 (1906)...... 1898 Cahn v. Long Island Vietnam Moratorium Comm., 418 U.S. 906 (1974)...... 2487 Cal. Bankers Ass’n v. Shultz, 416 U.S. 21 (1974)...... 740, 764 Cal. Div. of Labor Standards Enf’t v. Dillingham Constr., Inc., 519 U.S. 316 (1997)..... 278, 280 Calbeck v. Travelers Ins. Co., 370 U.S. 114 (1962)...... 832 Calder v. Bull, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 386 (1798).... 391, 393, 404, 406–07, 791, 799, 1553, 1762, 1841 Calder v. Jones, 465 U.S. 783 (1984)...... 1995 Calder v. Michigan, 218 U.S. 591 (1910)...... 424 Calderon v. Coleman, 525 U.S. 141 (1998)...... 1749 Caldwell v. Mississippi, 472 U.S. 320 (1985)...... 1726, 1747 Caldwell v. North Carolina, 187 U.S. 622 (1903)...... 2536 Caldwell v. Sioux Falls Stock Yards Co., 242 U.S. 559 (1917)...... 1877 Calero-Toledo v. Pearson Yacht Leasing Co., 416 U.S. 663 (1974)...... 990 Calhoun v. Latimer, 377 U.S. 263 (1964)...... 2125 Califano v. Boles, 443 U.S. 282 (1979)...... 2015, 2119, 2169, 2180–81, 2211 Califano v. Goldfarb, 430 U.S. 199 (1977)...... 1568, 2092, 2095, 2166–68, 2170–71, 2173, 2224, 2331–32 Califano v. Jobst, 434 U.S. 47 (1977)...... 1568, 1952, 2210 Califano v. Silbowitz, 430 U.S. 934 (1977)...... 2331 Califano v. Torres, 435 U.S. 1, (1978)...... 991 Califano v. Webster, 430 U.S. 313 (1977)...... 2145, 2166, 2173 Califano v. Westcott, 443 U.S. 76 (1979)...... 2166, 2171, 2338 California Auto. Ass’n v. Maloney, 341 U.S. 105 (1951)...... 1879 California Bankers Ass’n v. Shultz, 416 U.S. 21 (1974)...... 171, 1410, 1943 California Bd. of Equalization v. Sierra Summit, 490 U.S. 844 (1989)...... 1041 California Coastal Comm’n v. Granite Rock Co., 480 U.S. 572 (1987)...... 989 California Democratic Party v. Jones, 530 U.S. 567 (2000)...... 1189, 2526 California Dep’t of Corrections v. Morales, 514 U.S. 499 (1995)...... 407 California Dep’t of Human Resources Dev. v. Java, 402 U.S. 121 (1971)...... 2583 California Dep’t of Motor Vehicles v. Rios, 410 U.S. 425 (1973)...... 817 California Federal Savings & Loan Ass’n v. Guerra, 479 U.S. 272 (1987)...... 286 California Medical Ass’n v. FEC, 453 U.S. 182 (1981)...... 1232 California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited, 404 U.S. 508 (1972)...... 1247, 1362 California Reduction Co. v. Sanitary Works, 199 U.S. 306 (1905)...... 1839, 1891 California Retail Liquor Dealers Ass’n v. Midcal Aluminum, 445 U.S. 97 (1980)..... 2287, 2293, 2587 California State Bd. of Equalization v. United States, 456 U.S. 901 (1982)...... 2503 California State Bd. of Pharmacy v. Terry, 426 U.S. 913 (1976)...... 2490, 2506 2640 TABLE OF CASES

California v. Acevedo, 500 U.S. 565 (1991)...... 1382, 1431, 2613 California v. ARC America Corp., 490 U.S. 93 (1989)...... 289 California v. Brown, 479 U.S. 538 (1987)...... 1731 California v. Buzard, 382 U.S. 386 (1966)...... 354 California v. Byers, 402 U.S. 424 (1971)...... 1507, 1509–10, 1523–25 California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, 480 U.S. 202 (1987)...... 299, 2592 California v. Carney, 471 U.S. 386 (1985)...... 1388, 1428 California v. Central Pacific Railroad, 127 U.S. 1 (1888)...... 1581 California v. Ciraolo, 476 U.S. 207 (1986)...... 1437 California v. Deep Sea Research, Inc., 523 U.S. 491 (1998)...... 1787, 1792 California v. Deseret Water, Oil & Irrigation Co., 243 U.S. 415 (1917)...... 988 California v. FERC, 495 U.S. 490 (1990)...... 289 California v. Grace Brethren Church, 457 U.S. 393 (1982)...... 761 California v. Green, 399 U.S. 149 (1970)...... 1651–52 California v. Greenwood, 486 U.S. 35 (1988)...... 1386, 1437 California v. Hodari D., 499 U.S. 621 (1991)...... 1383, 1418–19 California v. Krivda, 409 U.S. 33 (1972)...... 817 California v. LaRue, 409 U.S. 109 (1972)...... 1329, 2291–92, 2614 California v. Lo-Vaca Gathering Co., 379 U.S. 366 (1965)...... 196 California v. Minjares, 443 U.S. 916 (1979)...... 1461 California v. Pacific R.R., 127 U.S. 1 (1888)...... 167, 192, 383, 2378 California v. Prysock, 453 U.S. 355 (1981)...... 1542 California v. Ramos, 463 U.S. 992 (1983)...... 1726 California v. San Pablo & T.R.R., 149 U.S. 308 (1893)...... 727 California v. Sierra Club, 451 U.S. 287 (1981)...... 810 California v. Southern Pacific Co., 157 U.S. 229 (1895)...... 850, 872 California v. Superior Court, 482 U.S. 400 (1987)...... 979 California v. Taylor, 353 U.S. 553 (1957)...... 182, 1024 California v. Texas, 437 U.S. 601 (1978)...... 846, 1910 California v. Texas, 457 U.S. 164 (1982)...... 1910 California v. Thompson, 313 U.S. 109 (1941)...... 246, 259, 2606 California v. Trombetta, 467 U.S. 479 (1984)...... 2033 California v. United States, 320 U.S. 577 (1944)...... 182, 189, 1024 California v. West Virginia, 454 U.S. 1027 (1981)...... 847, 872 California v. Zook, 336 U.S. 725 (1949)...... 236, 273 Callan v. Wilson, 127 U.S. 540 (1888)...... 375, 1615, 1626, 1629, 2315 Callanan v. United States, 364 U.S. 587 (1961)...... 201, 1500 Calley v. Callaway, 519 F.2d 184 (5th Cir. 1975)...... 358, 592 Callins v. Collins, 510 U.S. 1141 (1994)...... 1719 Camara v. Municipal Court, 387 U.S. 523 (1967)...... 1393–94, 1398, 1414, 2549, 2609 Cameron v. Johnson, 381 U.S. 741 (1965)...... 902, 1332 Cameron v. Johnson, 390 U.S. 611 (1968)...... 902, 1332 Camfield v. United States, 167 U.S. 518 (1897)...... 989 Caminetti v. United States, 242 U.S. 470 (1917)...... 177, 181 Cammarano v. United States, 358 U.S. 498 (1959)...... 1246, 1258, 1276, 2269 Cammeyer v. Newton, 94 U.S. 225 (1877)...... 338 Campagnie Francaise De Navigation a Vapeur v. Louisiana State Bd. of Health, 186 U.S. 380 (1902)...... 270 Campbell v. Boyreau, 62 U.S. (21 How.) 223 (1859)...... 1694 Campbell v. California, 200 U.S. 87 (1906)...... 2107 Campbell v. Holt, 115 U.S. 620 (1885)...... 2011 Campbell v. Hussey, 368 U.S. 297 (1961)...... 282, 2581 Campbell v. John Donnelly & Sons, 453 U.S. 916 (1981)...... 2502 TABLE OF CASES 2641

Campbell v. Louisiana, 523 U.S. 392 (1998)...... 747, 2137 Campbell v. Morris, 3 H. & McH. 288 (Md. 1797)...... 967 Campbell-Ewald Co. v. Gomez, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–857, slip op. (2016)...... 768, 770 Camps Newfound/Owatonna, Inc. v. Town of Harrison, 520 U.S. 564 (1997)...... 238, 258, 443, 2524 Camreta V. Greene, 563 U.S. ___, No. 09–1954, slip op. (2011)...... 765 Canada Packers v. Atchison, T. & S. F. Ry., 385 U.S. 182 (1966)...... 193 Canadian Northern Ry. v. Eggen, 252 U.S. 553 (1920)...... 974 Caniffe v. Burg, 405 U.S. 1034 (1972)...... 2478 Canizio v. New York, 327 U.S. 82 (1946)...... 1664 Cannon v. City of New Orleans, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 577 (1874)...... 446, 2535 Cannon v. University of Chicago, 441 U.S. 677 (1979)...... 810 Canton R.R. v. Rogan, 340 U.S. 511 (1951)...... 444 Cantor v. Detroit Edison Co., 428 U.S. 579 (1976)...... 2075 Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing Co., 419 U.S. 245 (1974)...... 1303, 1306 Cantwell v. Connecticut, 310 U.S. 296 (1940)... 1064, 1073, 1077, 1123, 1126, 1149, 1159, 1171, 1176, 1180, 1291, 1344, 2018, 2438 Canty v. Alabama, 309 U.S. 629 (1940)...... 1530 Caperton v. A. T. Massey Coal Co., Inc., 556 U.S. ___, No. 08–22 (2009)...... 1963–64 Capital Broadcasting Co. v. Mitchell, 333 F. Supp. 582 (D.D.C. 1971)...... 1265 Capital Cities Cable, Inc. v. Crisp, 467 U.S. 691 (1984)...... 275, 289, 2287, 2292, 2590 Capital City Dairy Co. v. Ohio, 183 U.S. 238 (1902)...... 2113 Capital Service, Inc. v. NLRB, 347 U.S. 501 (1954)...... 897 Capital Traction Co. v. Hof, 174 U.S. 1 (1899)...... 375, 1692–93, 1701 Capitol Square Review Bd. v. Pinette, 515 U.S. 753 (1995)...... 1077, 1116, 1334 Caplin & Drysdale v. United States, 491 U.S. 617 (1989)...... 747, 1666–67 Carafas v. LaVallee, 391 U.S. 234 (1968)...... 713, 2610 Carbo v. United States, 364 U.S. 611 (1961)...... 709–10 Carden v. Arkoma Associates, 494 U.S. 185 (1990)...... 857–58 Cardillo v. Liberty Mutual Co., 330 U.S. 469 (1947)...... 961 Cardwell v. Lewis, 417 U.S. 583 (1974)...... 1428, 1431 Carella v. California, 491 U.S. 263 (1989)...... 2012 Carey v. Brown, 447 U.S. 455 (1980)...... 1285, 1332–34, 1345, 2500 Carey v. Musladin, 549 U.S. 70 (2006)...... 1676, 1750, 2030 Carey v. Piphus, 435 U.S. 247 (1978)...... 811, 1961, 1972 Carey v. Population Services Int’l, 431 U.S. 678 (1977)...... 746–47, 1948, 1951, 2493 Carfer v. Caldwell, 200 U.S. 293 (1906)...... 1961 Cargill Co. v. Minnesota, 180 U.S. 452 (1901)...... 2103 Carlesi v. New York, 233 U.S. 51 (1914)...... 520, 2120 Carley & Hamilton v. Snook, 281 U.S. 66 (1930)...... 2108 Carlin Communications, Inc. v. FCC, 837 F.2d 546 (2d Cir. 1988)...... 1325 Carlisle v. United States, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 147 (1873)...... 926 Carlson v. California, 310 U.S. 106 (1940)...... 1342, 2543 Carlson v. Green, 446 U.S. 14 (1980)...... 810, 842, 1579 Carlson v. Landon, 342 U.S. 524 (1952)...... 317–18, 1709 Carmell v. Texas, 529 U.S. 513 (2000)...... 406, 410, 2525 Carmichael v. Allen, 267 F. Supp. 985 (N.D. Ga. 1966)...... 1289 Carmichael v. Southern Coal & Coke Co., 301 U.S. 495 (1937)...... 1897, 1901 Carnley v. Cochran, 369 U.S. 506 (1962)...... 1621, 1662, 1664, 1679 Carolene Products Co. v. United States, 323 U.S. 18 (1944)...... 1569 Carondelet Canal Co. v. Louisiana, 233 U.S. 362 (1914)...... 411, 2393 Carpenter v. Pennsylvania, 58 U.S. (17 How.) 456 (1855)...... 404 Carpenter v. Shaw, 280 U.S. 363 (1930)...... 1920–21, 2570 2642 TABLE OF CASES

Carpenters & Joiners Union v. Ritter’s Cafe, 315 U.S. 722 (1942)...... 1343 Carr v. City of Altus, 385 U.S. 35 (1966)...... 2468 Carr v. United States, 98 U.S. 433 (1879)...... 838 Carrington v. Rash, 380 U.S. 89 (1965)...... 115, 2093, 2181, 2184, 2465 Carroll v. Becker, 285 U.S. 380 (1932)...... 112, 124 Carroll v. Greenwich Ins. Co., 199 U.S. 401 (1905)...... 1841, 1880, 2117 Carroll v. Lanza, 349 U.S. 408 (1955)...... 953–54, 961 Carroll v. President & Comm’rs of Princess Anne, 393 U.S. 175 (1968)...... 768–69, 1150, 1335, 1344 Carroll v. United States, 267 U.S. 132 (1925)...... 1380, 1421, 1427, 1435 Carse v. Marsh, 189 Cal. 743, 210 Pac. 257 (1922)...... 1047 Carson Petroleum Co. v. Vial, 279 U.S. 95 (1929)...... 2421 Carson v. Roane-Anderson Co., 342 U.S. 232 (1952)...... 1038, 2576 Carstairs v. Cochran, 193 U.S. 10 (1904)...... 1901, 1918 Carter v. Carter Coal Co., 298 U.S. 238 (1936)..... 78, 80, 91–92, 178, 205, 223, 730, 798, 1770, 2327, 2606 Carter v. Greene County Jury Comm’n, 396 U.S. 320 (1970)...... 2137–38 Carter v. Illinois, 329 U.S. 173 (1946)...... 1663, 2050 Carter v. Kentucky, 450 U.S. 288 (1981)...... 1513 Carter v. McClaughry, 183 U.S. 365 (1902)...... 1500 Carter v. Miller, 434 U.S. 356 (1978)...... 2552 Carter v. Roberts, 177 U.S. 496 (1900)...... 357 Carter v. Texas, 177 U.S. 442 (1900)...... 2137 Carter v. Virginia, 321 U.S. 131 (1944)...... 235, 2288 Carter v. West Feliciana Parish School Bd., 396 U.S. 290 (1970)...... 2127 Cartlidge v. Raincey, 168 F.2d 841 (5th Cir. 1948)...... 2288 Carver v. Jackson, 29 U.S. (4 Pet.) 1 (1830)...... 1701 Cary v. Curtis, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 236 (1845)...... 688, 718, 877 Case of Fries, 9 Fed. Cas. 826 (Nos. 5126, 5127) (C.C.D. Pa. 1799)...... 921 Case of the State Freight Tax, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 232 (1873)...... 2369 Case v. Bowles, 327 U.S. 92 (1946)...... 836, 1024, 1026, 1770 Case v. Nebraska, 381 U.S. 336 (1965)...... 2006, 2050 Cases v. United States, 131 F.2d 916 (1st Cir. 1942)...... 1368 Casey v. United States, 343 U.S. 808 (1952)...... 729 Cash v. Culver, 358 U.S. 633 (1959)...... 1664 Caskey Baking Co. v. Virginia, 313 U.S. 117 (1941)...... 2103 Cason v. City of Columbus, 409 U.S. 1053 (1972)...... 2551 Cass Farm Co. v. Detroit, 181 U.S. 396 (1901)...... 1896 Cassell v. Texas, 339 U.S. 282 (1950)...... 2018, 2137–38 Castaneda v. Partida, 430 U.S. 482 (1977)...... 1638, 2101, 2137–38 Castille v. Peoples, 489 U.S. 346 (1989)...... 714 Castle v. Hayes Freight Lines, 348 U.S. 61 (1954)...... 2451, 2577 Cavanaugh v. Looney, 248 U.S. 453 (1919)...... 1804 CBS Corp. v. FCC, 535 F.3d 167 (3d Cir. 2008)...... 1282 CBS v. Democratic Nat’l Comm., 412 U.S. 94 (1973)...... 1144, 1280, 2066 CBS v. FCC, 453 U.S. 367 (1981)...... 1147, 1280–81 Center v. United States, 267 U.S. 575 (1925)...... 2608 Central Greyhound Lines v. Mealey, 334 U.S. 653 (1948)...... 245–46, 256 Central Hanover Bank Co. v. Kelly, 319 U.S. 94 (1943)...... 1910 Central Hudson Gas & Electric Co. v. PSC, 447 U.S. 557 (1980)..... 1148, 1151, 1175, 1265–66, 1268–75, 2355, 2527 Central Land Co. v. Laidley, 159 U.S. 103 (1895)...... 410 Central Lumber Co. v. South Dakota, 226 U.S. 157 (1912)...... 1876 TABLE OF CASES 2643

Central Machinery Co. v. Arizona Tax Comm’n, 448 U.S. 160 (1980)...... 298, 2587 Central of Georgia Ry. v. Murphey, 196 U.S. 194 (1905)...... 2385 Central of Georgia Ry. v. Wright, 207 U.S. 127 (1907)...... 1557, 1920, 2387 Central of Georgia Ry. v. Wright, 248 U.S. 525 (1919)...... 2401 Central R.R. v. Pennsylvania, 370 U.S. 607 (1962)...... 1902, 2458 Central State Univ. v. American Ass’n of Univ. Professors, 526 U.S. 124 (1999)...... 2115 Central Trust Co. v. Garvan, 254 U.S. 554 (1921)...... 365 Central Union Trust Co. v. Garvan, 254 U.S. 554 (1921)...... 1985 Central Virginia Community College v. Katz, 546 U.S. 356 (2006)...... 1793, 1800, 2614 Central Virginia Community College v. Katz, 546 U.S. 356 (2006)...... 2614 CFTC v. Schor, 478 U.S. 833 (1986)...... 69–71, 675, 683–85 Chaffin v. Stynchcombe, 412 U.S. 17 (1973)...... 1498, 2047–48 Chaffin v. Taylor, 116 U.S. 567 (1886)...... 403 Chaﬁn v. Chaﬁn, 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–1347, slip op. (2013)...... 766 Chaidez v. United States, 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–820, slip op. (2013)...... 773, 1674 Chalker v. Birmingham & N.W. Ry., 249 U.S. 522 (1919)...... 975, 2401 Chamber of Commerce of the United States v. Whiting, 563 U.S. 582 (2011)...... 276, 315–16 Chamberlin v. Dade County Bd. of Pub. Instruction, 377 U.S. 402 (1964)...... 2463 Chambers v. Baltimore & O.R.R., 207 U.S. 142 (1907)...... 968, 974–75 Chambers v. Florida, 309 U.S. 227 (1940)...... 1529–30, 1532 Chambers v. Maroney, 399 U.S. 42 (1970)...... 1381, 1427, 1431 Chambers v. Marsh, 675 F.2d 228 (8th Cir. 1982)...... 1114 Chambers v. Mississippi, 410 U.S. 284 (1973)...... 1650, 2016, 2030 Chambers v. NASCO, Inc., 501 U.S. 32 (1991)...... 706–07 Chambers v. United States, 555 U.S. 122 (2009)...... 2020 Champlain Co. v. Brattleboro, 260 U.S. 366 (1922)...... 2407 Champlin Rfg. Co. v. Corporation Comm’n, 286 U.S. 210 (1932)...... 1883, 2427 Champlin Rfg. Co. v. United States, 329 U.S. 29 (1946)...... 1570 Chandler v. Dix, 194 U.S. 590 (1904)...... 1806 Chandler v. Florida, 449 U.S. 560 (1981)...... 1250, 1623–24, 1639, 2029 Chandler v. Fretag, 348 U.S. 3 (1954)...... 1666 Chandler v. Judicial Council, 382 U.S. 1003 (1966)...... 648 Chandler v. Judicial Council, 398 U.S. 74 (1970)...... 648 Chandler v. Miller, 520 U.S. 305 (1997)...... 1445, 2523 Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire, 315 U.S. 568 (1942)...... 1175, 1287–88, 1290–91, 1294, 1312, 1344 Chapman v. Barney, 129 U.S. 677 (1889)...... 858 Chapman v. Brewer, 114 U.S. 158 (1885)...... 1699 Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 (1967)...... 1513–14, 1732, 1748–49, 2029, 2613 Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization, 441 U.S. 600 (1979)...... 811 Chapman v. King, 154 F.2d 460 (5th Cir. 1946)...... 2272 Chapman v. Meier, 420 U.S. 1 (1975)...... 2195–96, 2204 Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610 (1961)...... 1384, 1434 Chapman v. Zobelein, 237 U.S. 135 (1915)...... 1896, 1919 Chappell v. United States, 160 U.S. 499 (1896)...... 1581 Chappell v. Wallace, 462 U.S. 296 (1983)...... 354, 810 Chappelle v. Greater Baton Rouge Airport Dist., 431 U.S. 159 (1977)...... 2187, 2493 Charles Dowd Box Co. v. Courtney, 368 U.S. 502 (1962)...... 295, 810, 892 Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 420 (1837)...... 414, 423, 425–26 Charleston & W. Car. Ry. v. Varnville Co., 237 U.S. 597 (1915)...... 273, 2396, 2565 Charleston Fed. S. & L. Ass’n v. Alderson, 324 U.S. 182 (1945)...... 2108 Charlotte Harbor Ry. v. Welles, 260 U.S. 8 (1922)...... 1900 Charlton v. Kelly, 229 U.S. 447 (1913)...... 532, 545, 610, 781 2644 TABLE OF CASES

Chase Nat’l Bank v. United States, 278 U.S. 327 (1929)...... 396 Chase Securities Corp. v. Donaldson, 325 U.S. 304 (1945)...... 1895, 2011 Chastleton Corp. v. Sinclair, 264 U.S. 543 (1924)...... 360, 438, 781 Chauffeurs, Teamsters and Helpers Local 391 v. Terry, 494 U.S. 558 (1990)...... 1695 Chavez v. Martinez, 538 U.S. 760 (2003)...... 1510, 1841 Cheatham v. United States, 92 U.S. 85 (1875)...... 729 Cheever v. Wilson, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 108 (1870)...... 938, 962 Cheff v. Schnackenberg, 384 U.S. 373 (1966)...... 696, 702, 705, 1629–30 Chelentis v. Luckenbach S.S. Co., 247 U.S. 372 (1918)...... 829 Chemical Waste Management, Inc. v. Hunt, 504 U.S. 334 (1992)...... 261, 2518 Chemung Canal Bank v. Lowery, 93 U.S. 72 (1876)...... 975 Cheney Brothers Co. v. Massachusetts, 246 U.S. 147 (1918)...... 2105, 2400 Cheney v. United States District Court, 542 U.S. 367 (2004)...... 594 Cherokee Intermarriage Cases, 203 U.S. 76 (1906)...... 727 Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 30 U.S. (5 Pet.) 1 (1831)...... 299, 546, 781, 869 Cherokee Nation v. Southern Kansas Ry., 135 U.S. 641 (1890)...... 192, 547, 1581 Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. v. Leitch, 275 U.S. 507 (1927)...... 2605 Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. v. Leitch, 276 U.S. 429 (1928)...... 2605 Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. v. Miller, 114 U.S. 176 (1885)...... 423 Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. v. Public Serv. Comm’n, 242 U.S. 603 (1917)...... 1871–72 Chessman v. Teets, 354 U.S. 156 (1957)...... 2036 Chevron Oil Co. v. Huson, 404 U.S. 97 (1971)...... 771, 775–77, 834 Chevron, U.S.A. v. NRDC, 467 U.S. 837 (1984)...... 87 Chewning v. Cunningham, 368 U.S. 443 (1962)...... 1664, 1679, 2046 Chicago & Alton R.R. v. Tranbarger, 238 U.S. 67 (1915)...... 406, 425, 431, 1870 Chicago & Alton R.R. v. Wiggins Ferry Co., 119 U.S. 615 (1887)...... 932, 953, 955 Chicago & E.I.R.R. v. Industrial Comm’n, 284 U.S. 296 (1932)...... 2605 Chicago & Grand Trunk Ry. v. Wellman, 143 U.S. 339 (1892)...... 727, 729, 731, 1868–69 Chicago & N.W. Ry. v. Nye Schneider Fowler Co., 260 U.S. 35 (1922)...... 1873–74, 2008, 2406 Chicago & N.W. Ry. v. Whitton’s Administrator, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 270 (1872)...... 808, 917 Chicago & N.W. Transp. Co. v. Kalo Brick & Tile Co., 450 U.S. 311 (1981)...... 274, 2587 Chicago & N.W.R.R. v. Ohle, 117 U.S. 123 (1886)...... 856 Chicago & S. Air Lines v. Waterman S.S. Corp., 333 U.S. 103 (1948)..... 610, 690, 758–59, 780, 782 Chicago B. & Q. R. Co. v. Iowa, 94 U.S. 155 (1877)...... 192 Chicago B. & Q. R.R. v. City of Chicago, 166 U.S. 226 (1897)...... 1582, 1587, 1594, 1596 Chicago B. & Q. Ry. v. Drainage Comm’rs, 200 U.S. 561 (1906)...... 1839, 1870 Chicago Board of Trade v. Olsen, 262 U.S. 1 (1923)...... 179–80, 201 Chicago Council of Lawyers v. Bauer, 522 F.2d 242 (7th Cir. 1975)...... 1153 Chicago Junction Case, 264 U.S. 258 (1924)...... 754 Chicago M. & S.P. Ry. v. City of Minneapolis, 232 U.S. 430 (1914)...... 1584 Chicago Teachers Union v. Hudson, 475 U.S. 292 (1986)...... 1194 Chicago Title and Trust Co. v. Wilcox Bldg. Corp., 302 U.S. 120 (1937)...... 321 Chicago, B. & K.C. R.R. v. Guffey, 120 U.S. 569 (1887)...... 427 Chicago, B. & Q. R.R. v. City of Chicago, 166 U.S. 226 (1897)...... 1062, 1064, 1705, 2005 Chicago, B. & Q. R.R. v. Hall, 229 U.S. 511 (1913)...... 2564 Chicago, B. & Q. R.R. v. Iowa, 94 U.S. 155 (1877)...... 247, 1869, 2082 Chicago, B. & Q. R.R. v. McGuire, 219 U.S. 549 (1911)...... 1848, 1855 Chicago, B. & Q. R.R. v. Nebraska, 170 U.S. 57 (1898)...... 1870 Chicago, B. & Q. R.R. v. Wisconsin R.R. Comm’n, 237 U.S. 220 (1915)...... 247 Chicago, B. & Q. Ry. v. Babcock, 204 U.S. 585 (1907)...... 2109 Chicago, B. & Q. Ry. v. Miller, 226 U.S. 513 (1913)...... 2563 Chicago, B. & Q. Ry. v. Wisconsin R.R. Comm’n, 237 U.S. 220 (1915)...... 2396 TABLE OF CASES 2645

Chicago, B. & Q.R.R. v. Cram, 228 U.S. 70 (1913)...... 1874 Chicago, I. & L. Ry. v. United States, 270 U.S. 287 (1926)...... 1571 Chicago, M. & St. P. R.R. v. Ackley, 94 U.S. 179 (1877)...... 2082 Chicago, M. & St. P. R.R. v. Wisconsin, 238 U.S. 491 (1915)...... 424, 1873, 2397 Chicago, M. & St. P. Ry. v. Iowa, 233 U.S. 334 (1914)...... 1873 Chicago, M. & St. P. Ry. v. Kennedy, 232 U.S. 626 (1914)...... 2392 Chicago, M. & St. P. Ry. v. Minneapolis Civic Ass’n, 247 U.S. 490 (1918)...... 1872 Chicago, M. & St. P. Ry. v. Minnesota, 134 U.S. 418 (1890)...... 1859, 1862, 1868, 2379 Chicago, M. & St. P. Ry. v. Polt, 232 U.S. 165 (1914)...... 1874, 2392 Chicago, M. & St. P. Ry. v. Public Util. Comm’n, 274 U.S. 344 (1927)...... 1863 Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry. v. Arkansas, 219 U.S. 453 (1911)...... 1873 Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry. v. Cole, 251 U.S. 54 (1919)...... 2007 Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry. v. Hardwick Elevator Co., 226 U.S. 426 (1913)...... 2563 Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry. v. McGlinn, 114 U.S. 542 (1885)...... 377 Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry. v. Perry, 259 U.S. 548 (1922)...... 1856, 2116 Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry. v. Sturm, 174 U.S. 710 (1899)...... 951 Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry. v. United States, 284 U.S. 80 (1931)...... 1572 Chicago, R.I. & Pac. Ry. v. Arkansas, 219 U.S. 453 (1911)...... 247 Chicago, St. P., M. & O. Ry. v. Latta, 226 U.S. 519 (1913)...... 2563 Chicago, St. P., Mo. & O. Ry. v. Holmberg, 282 U.S. 162 (1930)...... 1870, 2424 Chick Kam Choo v. Exxon Corp., 486 U.S. 140 (1988)...... 897 Chicot County v. Sherwood, 148 U.S. 529 (1893)...... 1793 Chief of Capitol Police v. Jeanette Rankin Brigade, 409 U.S. 972 (1972)...... 2329 Child Labor Tax Case, 259 U.S. 20 (1922)...... 800, 1770 Childers v. Beaver, 270 U.S. 555 (1926)...... 2414, 2607 Chimel v. California, 395 U.S. 752 (1969)...... 1380–81, 1421, 1424–27, 2610 Chimento v. Stark, 353 F. Supp. 1211 (D.N.H. 1973)...... 973 Chin Yow v. United States, 208 U.S. 8 (1908)...... 1560 Chinese Exclusion Case (Chae Chan Ping v. United States), 130 U.S. 581 (1889)...... 313, 781, 1569 Chipman, Ltd. v. Thomas B. Jeffery Co., 251 U.S. 373 (1920)...... 1991 Chirac v. Chirac, 15 U.S. (2 Wheat.) 259 (1817)...... 301, 538 Chisholm v. Georgia, 2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 419 (1793)...... 55, 419, 838, 844, 850–51, 870–71, 888, 1781–82, 1785–86, 1789, 1791 Choate v. Trapp, 224 U.S. 665 (1912)...... 547, 2319 Choctaw & Gulf R.R. v. Harrison, 235 U.S. 292 (1914)...... 1044, 2395, 2607 Christhilf v. Annapolis Emergency Hosp. Ass’n, 496 F.2d 174 (4th Cir. 1974)...... 2079 Christian Legal Society v. Martinez, 561 U.S. ___, No. 08–1371 (June 28, 2010)...... 1226 Christian v. Atlantic & N.C. R.R., 133 U.S. 233 (1890)...... 1802 Christmas v. Russell, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 290 (1866)...... 931, 952, 2368 Christoffel v. United States, 338 U.S. 84 (1949)...... 106, 134 Chrysler Corp. v. Brown, 441 U.S. 281 (1979)...... 624 Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah, 508 U.S. 520 (1993)...... 1077, 1122, 1125, 1134, 2556 Church v. Hubbard, 6 U.S. (2 Cr.) 187 (1804)...... 826 Chy Lung v. Freeman, 92 U.S. 275 (1876)...... 270, 2372 CIA v. Sims, 471 U.S. 159 (1985)...... 589 Cicenia v. Lagay, 357 U.S. 504 (1958)...... 1534, 1679, 2609 Cincinnati Soap Co. v. United States, 301 U.S. 308 (1937)...... 174–75, 400 Cincinnati Street Ry. v. Snell, 193 U.S. 30 (1904)...... 2006 Cincinnati v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 223 U.S. 390 (1912)...... 985 Cincinnati, N.O. & Texas Paciﬁc Ry. v. ICC, 162 U.S. 184 (1896)...... 193 Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc., 505 U.S. 504 (1992)...... 274, 278–81, 1019, 2595 2646 TABLE OF CASES

Cipriano v. City of Houma, 395 U.S. 701 (1969)...... 771, 2094, 2184, 2473 Cisneros v. Corpus Christi Indep. School Dist., 467 F.2d 142 (5th Cir. 1972)...... 2097 Cities Service Co. v. McGrath, 342 U.S. 330 (1952)...... 365 Cities Service Co. v. Peerless Co., 340 U.S. 179 (1950)...... 1883 Citizen Publishing Co. v. United States, 394 U.S. 131 (1969)...... 1278 Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley, 454 U.S. 290 (1981)...... 1188, 1238, 2553 Citizens Bank v. Alafabco, Inc., 539 U.S. 52 (2003)...... 225 Citizens Nat’l Bank v. Durr, 257 U.S. 99 (1921)...... 1904 Citizens United v. FEC, 558 U.S. ___, No. 08–205, slip op. (2010).... 1239, 1243–44, 2341, 2615 City & Lake R.R. v. New Orleans, 157 U.S. 219 (1895)...... 434–35 City Bank Farmers’ Trust Co. v. Schnader, 291 U.S. 24 (1934)...... 896 City Bank Farmers’ Trust Co. v. Schnader, 293 U.S. 112 (1934)...... 1907 City Council v. Taxpayers for Vincent, 466 U.S. 789 (1984)...... 1337, 1353–54 City of Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, 462 U.S. 416 (1983)..... 1931–34, 1936, 2553, 2613 City of Altus v. Carr, 255 F. Supp. 828 (W.D. Tex. 1968)...... 1885 City of Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997)...... 1136–37, 2235–37, 2352 City of Burbank v. Lockheed Air Terminal, 411 U.S. 624 (1973)...... 283, 2584 City of Charlotte v. International Ass’n of Fireﬁghters, 426 U.S. 283 (1976)...... 2088, 2116 City of Chicago v. Atchison, T. & S.F. Ry., 357 U.S. 77 (1958)...... 736, 755, 894, 2578 City of Chicago v. International College of Surgeons, 522 U.S. 156 (1998)...... 814 City of Chicago v. Morales, 527 U.S. 41 (1999)...... 2022, 2556 City of Chicago v. Robbins, 67 U.S. (2 Bl.) 418 (1862)...... 860 City of Chicago v. Sturges, 222 U.S. 313 (1911)...... 1896 City of Cincinnati v. Discovery Network, Inc., 507 U.S. 410 (1993)...... 1271, 2556 City of Cincinnati v. Vester, 281 U.S. 439 (1930)...... 1582 City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, 473 U.S. 432 (1985)...... 2088, 2093, 2237, 2554 City of Cleveland v. Cleveland City Ry., 194 U.S. 517 (1904)...... 2537 City of Cleveland v. Cleveland Elect. Ry., 201 U.S. 529 (1906)...... 2537 City of Columbus v. Ours Garage and Wrecker Serv., 536 U.S. 424 (2002)...... 277 City of Corona v. Corona Daily Independent, 115 Cal. App. 2d 382, 252 P.2d 56 (1953)...... 1276 City of Covington v. South Covington St. Ry., 246 U.S. 413 (1918)...... 2540 City of Cuyahoga Falls v. Buckeye Community Hope Foundation, 538 U.S. 188 (2003)...... 2072 City of Dallas v. Stanglin, 490 U.S. 19 (1989)...... 1185, 1329 City of Denver v. Denver Union Water Co., 246 U.S. 178 (1918)...... 2540 City of Detroit v. Detroit Citizens’ St. Ry., 184 U.S. 368 (1902)...... 2536 City of Detroit v. Murray Corp., 355 U.S. 489 (1958)...... 1041 City of Detroit v. Osborne, 135 U.S. 492 (1890)...... 967 City of Detroit v. Parker, 181 U.S. 399 (1901)...... 1917 City of Eastlake v. Forest City Enterprises, 426 U.S. 668 (1976)...... 1598, 1889 City of El Paso v. Simmons, 379 U.S. 497 (1965)...... 414, 421 City of Greenwood v. Peacock, 384 U.S. 808 (1966)...... 809, 917–19, 2228 City of Houston v. Hill, 482 U.S. 451 (1987)...... 894, 1172, 2554 City of Houston v. Southwestern Tel. Co., 259 U.S. 318 (1922)...... 2541 City of Indianapolis v. Edmond, 531 U.S. 32 (2000)...... 1429 City of Kenosha v. Bruno, 412 U.S. 507 (1973)...... 2611 City of Ladue v. Gilleo, 512 U.S. 43 (1994)...... 1354, 2556 City of Lakewood v. Plain Dealer Publishing Co., 486 U.S. 750 (1988)...... 1150, 1335, 2554 City of Littleton v. Z.J. Gifts D–4, L.L.C., 541 U.S. 774 (2004)...... 1154 City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc., 535 U.S. 425 (2002)...... 1175, 1328 City of Los Angeles v. David, 538 U.S. 715 (2003)...... 1983 TABLE OF CASES 2647

City of Los Angeles v. Los Angeles City Water Co., 177 U.S. 558 (1900)...... 2536 City of Los Angeles v. Los Angeles Gas Corp., 251 U.S. 32 (1919)...... 2540 City of Los Angeles v. Lyons, 461 U.S. 95 (1983)...... 740 City of Los Angeles v. Patel, 576 U.S. ___, No. 113–1175, slip op. (2014)...... 1396, 2558 City of Los Angeles v. Patel, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–1175, slip op. (2014)...... 2558 City of Los Angeles v. Preferred Communications, 476 U.S. 488 (1986)...... 1283 City of Madison Joint School District v. Wisconsin PERC, 429 U.S. 167 (1976)...... 1336 City of Manassas v. United States, 485 U.S. 1017 (1988)...... 2512 City of Memphis v. Greene, 451 U.S. 100 (1981)...... 1817, 1819 City of Mesquite v. Aladdin’s Castle, Inc., 455 U.S. 283 (1982)...... 767–68, 2089 City of Milwaukee v. Illinois, 451 U.S. 304 (1981)...... 811 City of Minneapolis v. Street Ry., 215 U.S. 417 (1910)...... 2538 City of Mobile v. Bolden, 446 U.S. 55 (1980)...... 2099–2100, 2202–03, 2235, 2247–48, 2253–54 City of Mobile v. Watson, 116 U.S. 289 (1886)...... 2376 City of Monterey v. Del Monte Dunes at Monterey, Ltd., 526 U.S. 687 (1999)...... 1607 City of New Haven v. United States, 809 F.2d 900 (D.C. Cir. 1987)...... 618 City of New Orleans v. Barthe, 376 U.S. 189 (1964)...... 2462 City of New Orleans v. Dukes, 427 U.S. 297 (1976)...... 1839, 2087, 2111, 2115, 2611 City of New Orleans v. United States, 35 U.S. (10 Pet.) 662 (1836)...... 537 City of New Orleans v. Winter, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 91 (1816)...... 855 City of New York v. FCC, 486 U.S. 57 (1988)...... 88, 275 City of New York v. Miln, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 102 (1837)...... 2606 City of Newark v. New Jersey, 262 U.S. 192 (1923)...... 2083 City of Newport v. Iacobucci, 479 U.S. 92 (1986)...... 2614 City of Ontario v. Quon, 560 U.S. ___, No. 08–1332, slip op. (2010)...... 1387, 1398, 1440 City of Owensboro v. Cumberland Telephone Co., 230 U.S. 58 (1913)...... 2538 City of Paducah v. Paducah Ry., 261 U.S. 267 (1923)...... 2541 City of Parkersburg v. Brown, 106 U.S. 487 (1882)...... 1897, 2375 City of Pawhuska v. Pawhuska Oil Co., 250 U.S. 394 (1919)...... 1839 City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey, 437 U.S. 617 (1978)...... 260–61, 2496 City of Phoenix v. Kolodziejski, 399 U.S. 204 (1970)...... 115, 771, 2094, 2184, 2474 City of Pittsburgh v. Alco Parking Corp., 417 U.S. 369 (1974)...... 1897, 2087, 2102, 2104 City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres, 475 U.S. 41 (1986)...... 1173, 1327, 1329 City of Richmond v. Deans, 281 U.S. 704 (1930)...... 2540 City of Richmond v. J.A. Croson Co., 488 U.S. 469 (1989)...... 2150–51, 2554 City of Rome v. United States, 446 U.S. 156 (1980)...... 115, 1026, 1774, 1796, 2235, 2252–53 City of San Diego v. Roe, 543 U.S. 77 (2004)...... 1220 City of Sault Ste. Marie v. International Transit Co., 234 U.S. 333 (1914)...... 2539 City of St. Louis v. Western Union Tel. Co., 148 U.S. 92 (1893)...... 1603 City of Trenton v. New Jersey, 262 U.S. 182 (1923)...... 415, 867, 1839, 1896 City of Vicksburg v. Tobin, 100 U.S. 430 (1880)...... 446 City of Vicksburg v. Waterworks Co., 202 U.S. 453 (1906)...... 410 City of Walla Walla v. Walla Walla Water Co., 172 U.S. 1 (1898)...... 410, 428, 2536 City of Yonkers v. United States, 320 U.S. 685 (1944)...... 885 Ciucci v. Illinois, 356 U.S. 571 (1958)...... 1495, 1503 Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883)...... 230, 1772, 1816–19, 2066, 2229, 2232, 2315 Civil Serv. Comm’n v. National Ass’n of Letter Carriers, 413 U.S. 548 (1973)...... 574, 757, 763, 1188, 1212–13, 1218 Claﬂin v. Houseman, 93 U.S. 130 (1876)...... 890–91, 1021 Clallam County v. United States, 263 U.S. 341 (1923)...... 383, 1042, 2409 Clapper v. Amnesty International USA, 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–1025, slip op. (2013)...... 740–41 Clark Distilling Co. v. Western Md. Ry., 242 U.S. 311 (1917)...... 1892 Clark Thread Co. v. Willimantic Linen Co., 140 U.S. 481 (1891)...... 333 2648 TABLE OF CASES

Clark v. Allen, 331 U.S. 503 (1947)...... 528, 545, 562, 781 Clark v. Arizona, 548 U.S. 735 (2006)...... 2038, 2042 Clark v. Barnard, 108 U.S. 436 (1883)...... 1789, 1795 Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence, 468 U.S. 288 (1984)...... 1173, 1333, 1357–58 Clark v. Graham, 19 U.S. (6 Wheat.) 577 (1821)...... 929 Clark v. Jeter, 486 U.S. 456 (1988)...... 2180, 2513 Clark v. Little Rock Bd. of Educ., 426 F.2d 1035 (8th Cir. 1970)...... 2126 Clark v. Nash, 198 U.S. 361 (1905)...... 1583–84 Clark v. Paul Gray, Inc., 306 U.S. 583 (1939)...... 2108 Clark v. Smith, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 195 (1839)...... 1699 Clark v. Williard, 292 U.S. 112 (1934)...... 960 Clark v. Wooster, 119 U.S. 322 (1886)...... 1694 Clark-Distilling Co. v. Western Md. Ry., 242 U.S. 311 (1917)...... 240 Clarke v. Bazadone, 5 U.S. (1 Cr.) 212 (1803)...... 873 Clarke v. Clarke, 178 U.S. 186 (1900)...... 950, 1999 Clarke v. Securities Industry Ass’n, 479 U.S. 388 (1987)...... 745, 755 Clay v. Sun Ins. Office, 377 U.S. 179 (1964)...... 956, 959 Clay v. Sun Insurance Office Ltd., 363 U.S. 207 (1960)...... 894–95 Clearﬁeld Trust Co. v. United States, 318 U.S. 363 (1943)...... 866, 1022 Cleary v. Bolger, 371 U.S. 392 (1963)...... 901 Clement Nat’l Bank v. Vermont, 231 U.S. 120 (1913)...... 1916 Clements v. Fashing, 457 U.S. 957 (1982)...... 744, 1188, 2188 Clemons v. Mississippi, 494 U.S. 738 (1990)...... 1732, 1747 Cleveland Bd. of Educ. v. LaFleur, 414 U.S. 632 (1974)...... 1952, 2013–14, 2175 Cleveland Bd. of Educ. v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532 (1985)...... 1974, 1982 Cleveland Electric Ry. v. Cleveland, 204 U.S. 116 (1907)...... 1869 Cleveland v. United States, 323 U.S. 329 (1945)...... 168, 1042 Cleveland v. United States, 329 U.S. 14 (1946)...... 181, 1042, 1123–24 Cleveland, C., C. & St. L. Ry. v. Backus, 154 U.S. 439 (1894)...... 245 Cleveland, C.C. & St. L. Ry. v. Illinois, 177 U.S. 514 (1900)...... 2383 Cline v. Frink Dairy Co., 274 U.S. 445 (1927)...... 2417 Clingman v. Beaver, 544 U.S. 581...... 1189 Clinton v. City of New York, 524 U.S. 417 (1998)...... 79, 156, 748, 752, 2353 Clinton v. Englebrecht, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 434 (1872)...... 671, 991 Clinton v. Jones, 520 U.S. 681 (1997)...... 594, 642 Clinton v. Virginia, 377 U.S. 158 (1964)...... 1448 Clough v. Curtis, 134 U.S. 361 (1890)...... 783 Cloverleaf Butter Co. v. Patterson, 315 U.S. 148 (1942)...... 273, 286, 2573 Clyatt v. United States, 197 U.S. 207 (1905)...... 1821 Clyde Mallory Lines v. Alabama, 296 U.S. 261 (1935)...... 446 Clyde S.S. Co. v. Walker, 244 U.S. 255 (1917)...... 829, 2565 Coal Co. v. Blatchford, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 172 (1871)...... 869 Coates v. City of Cincinnati, 402 U.S. 611 (1971)...... 1171, 1292, 1332, 1364, 2019, 2550 Cochran v. Louisiana Bd. of Educ., 281 U.S. 370 (1930)...... 1081, 1897 Codd v. Vegler, 429 U.S. 624 (1977)...... 1971 Codispoti v. Pennsylvania, 418 U.S. 506 (1974)...... 701–02 Cody v. Andrews, 405 U.S. 1034 (1972)...... 2478 Coe v. Armour Fertilizer Works, 237 U.S. 413 (1915)...... 1987, 2396 Coe v. Coe, 334 U.S. 378 (1948)...... 943–44 Coffey v. Harlan County, 204 U.S. 659 (1907)...... 2009 Coffey v. United States, 116 U.S. 436 (1886)...... 2612 Coffin Brothers & Co. v. Bennett, 277 U.S. 29 (1928)...... 1979 Coffin v. Coffin, 4 Mass. 1 (1808)...... 139 TABLE OF CASES 2649

Coffin v. United States, 156 U.S. 432 (1895)...... 2035 Coffman v. Breeze Corp., 323 U.S. 316 (1945)...... 798 Cohen v. Beneﬁcial Industrial Loan Corp., 337 U.S. 541 (1949)...... 864, 2006 Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971)...... 1291–92, 1323, 1357 Cohen v. Cowles Media Co., 501 U.S. 663 (1991)...... 1147 Cohen v. Hurley, 366 U.S. 117 (1961)...... 2609 Cohens v. Virginia, 19 U.S. (6 Wheat.) 264 (1821)...... 231, 376, 725, 782, 794, 797–98, 804–05, 815, 838, 846, 850, 871, 889, 1782, 1786 Coit v. Green, 404 U.S. 997 (1971)...... 2079 Coker v. Georgia, 433 U.S. 584 (1977)...... 1721–22, 1737–38, 1744, 2495 Colautti v. Franklin, 439 U.S. 379 (1979)...... 765, 1170, 1930–31, 2023, 2497 Cole v. Arkansas, 333 U.S. 196 (1948)...... 1648, 2017 Cole v. Cunningham, 133 U.S. 107 (1890)...... 932, 952 Cole v. La Grange, 113 U.S. 1 (1885)...... 1582, 2375 Cole v. Richardson, 405 U.S. 676 (1972)...... 1179, 1208 Cole v. Young, 351 U.S. 536 (1956)...... 1204, 1559 Colegrove v. Barrett, 330 U.S. 804 (1947)...... 779, 2191, 2608 Colegrove v. Green, 328 U.S. 549 (1946)...... 779, 2191, 2608 Coleman v. Alabama, 377 U.S. 129 (1964)...... 2137 Coleman v. Alabama, 399 U.S. 1 (1970)...... 803, 1474, 1678–79, 1685, 2026 Coleman v. Court of Appeals of Maryland, 566 U.S. ___, No. 10–1016, slip op. (2012)...... 2351 Coleman v. Court of Appeals of Md., 566 U.S. ___, No. 10–1016, slip op. (2012)...... 2239 Coleman v. Miller, 307 U.S. 433 (1939)...... 49, 137, 750, 753, 781–82, 1001–02, 1005–09, 1012–14, 1839 Coleman v. Thompson, 501 U.S. 722 (1991)...... 817, 908, 910, 913–14, 2613 Colepaugh v. Looney, 235 F.2d 429 (10th Cir. 1956)...... 511 Colgate v. Harvey, 296 U.S. 404 (1935)...... 977, 1834–35, 2104, 2432, 2606 Colgrove v. Battin, 413 U.S. 149 (1973)...... 1692 Collar Company v. Van Dusen, 90 U.S. (23 Wall.) 530 (1875)...... 333 Collector v. Day, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 113 (1871)...... 157–58, 160, 1768–69, 2606 College Savings Bank v. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Educ. Expense Bd., 527 U.S. 666 (1999)...... 1798, 2236, 2350–51, 2614 Collin v. Smith, 447 F. Supp. 676 (N.D.Ill. 1978)...... 1295, 1345 Collins v. City of Harker Heights, 503 U.S. 115 (1992)...... 1841 Collins v. Hardyman, 341 U.S. 651 (1951)...... 230, 2232, 2610 Collins v. Johnston, 237 U.S. 502 (1915)...... 2046, 2120 Collins v. Kentucky, 234 U.S. 634 (1914)...... 2394 Collins v. Loisel, 262 U.S. 426 (1923)...... 1485 Collins v. New Hampshire, 171 U.S. 30 (1898)...... 2382 Collins v. Texas, 223 U.S. 288 (1912)...... 1881 Collins v. Yosemite Park Co., 304 U.S. 518 (1938)...... 376, 2289, 2436 Collins v. Youngblood, 497 U.S. 37 (1990)...... 405, 409, 2613 Colombe v. Connecticut, 367 U.S. 568 (1961)...... 1392 Colonial Pipeline Co. v. Traigle, 421 U.S. 100 (1975)...... 246, 251 Colonnade Catering Corp. v. United States, 397 U.S. 72 (1970)...... 1393 Colorado Bank v. Bedford, 310 U.S. 41 (1940)...... 1043 Colorado Republican Campaign Comm. v. FEC, 518 U.S. 604 (1996)...... 803, 1233, 2342 Colorado River Water Conservation Dist. v. United States, 424 U.S. 800 (1976)...... 894 Colorado v. Bannister, 449 U.S. 1 (1980)...... 1428 Colorado v. Bertine, 479 U.S. 367 (1987)...... 1426, 1431 Colorado v. Connelly, 479 U.S. 157 (1986)...... 1531, 1550 Colorado v. Spring, 479 U.S. 564 (1987)...... 1544 Colorado v. United States, 271 U.S. 153 (1926)...... 194 2650 TABLE OF CASES

Colorado-Wyoming Co. v. FPC, 324 U.S. 626 (1945)...... 196 Colten v. Kentucky, 407 U.S. 104 (1972)...... 2018, 2022, 2048 Columbia G. & E. Ry. v. South Carolina, 261 U.S. 236 (1923)...... 410, 2407 Columbus & Greenville Ry. v. Miller, 283 U.S. 96 (1931)...... 1838, 2110 Columbus Bd. of Educ. v. Penick, 443 U.S. 449 (1979)...... 2068, 2097, 2099, 2128, 2132–33 Commercial & Railroad Bank v. Slocomb, 39 U.S. (14 Pet.) 60 (1840)...... 857 Commercial and Railroad Bank v. Slocomb, 39 U.S. (14 Pet.) 60 (1840)...... 2603 Commercial Cable Co. v. Burleson, 250 U.S. 360 (1919)...... 767 Commercial Mutual Accident Co. v. Davis, 213 U.S. 245 (1909)...... 1990 Commercial Nat’l Bank v. Custer County, 275 U.S. 502 (1927)...... 2569 Commercial Pictures Corp. v. Regents, 346 U.S. 587 (1954)...... 1311 Commercial Trust Co v. Miller, 262 U.S. 51 (1923)...... 781 Commissioner v. Estate of Bosch, 387 U.S. 456 (1967)...... 863 Commissioner v. Estate of Church, 335 U.S. 632 (1949)...... 2607 Commissioner v. Gillette Motor Co., 364 U.S. 130 (1960)...... 2265 Commissioner v. Glenshaw Glass Co., 348 U.S. 426 (1955)...... 2265 Commissioner v. Sullivan, 356 U.S. 27 (1958)...... 2267 Commissioner v. Wilcox, 327 U.S. 404 (1946)...... 2268, 2608 Committee for Pub. Educ. and Religious Liberty v. Nyquist, 413 U.S. 756 (1973)...... 1075, 1083–85, 1089–90, 1094–97, 1122, 2484 Committee for Pub. Educ. and Religious Liberty v. Regan, 444 U.S. 646 (1980)... 800, 1075–76, 1083, 1088–89 Common Cause v. Biden, 748 F.3d 1280 (D.C. Cir. 2014)...... 135 Common Cause v. Schmitt, 512 F. Supp. 489 (D.D.C. 1980)...... 1232 Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Montana, 453 U.S. 609 (1981)...... 251, 257–58, 1901, 2612 Commonwealth of Puerto Rico v. Franklin California Tax-Free Trust, 579 U.S. ___, No. 15–233, slip op. (2016)...... 276 Commonwealth v. Davis, 162 Mass. 510 (1895)...... 1331 Commonwealth v. Wiseman, 356 Mass. 251, 249 N.E. 2d 610 (1969)...... 1307 Communist Party of Indiana v. Whitcomb, 414 U.S. 441 (1974)...... 2486 Communist Party v. Subversive Activities Control Board, 367 U.S. 1 (1961).... 367, 1167, 1169, 1200, 1523 Compagnie Francaise De Navigation A Vapeur v. Bonnasse, 19 F.2d 777 (2d Cir. 1927)...... 824 Compania Espanola v. The Navemar, 303 U.S. 68 (1938)...... 867–68 Compco Corp. v. Day-Brite Lighting, Inc., 376 U.S. 234 (1964)...... 340–41 Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Brady, 430 U.S. 274 (1977)...... 250–51, 268–69, 2611 Comptroller of the Treasury of Md. v. Wynne, 575 U.S. ___, No. 13–485, slip op. (2015)...... 254–55, 257, 2532 Concordia Ins. Co. v. Illinois, 292 U.S. 535 (1934)...... 2105, 2429 Concrete Appliances Co. v. Gomery, 269 U.S. 177 (1925)...... 334 Concrete Pipe & Products v. Construction Laborers Pension Trust, 508 U.S. 602 (1993)...... 1576, 1600–01 Cone v. Bell, 556 U.S. ___, No. 07–1114, slip op.(2009)...... 714, 2033 Conley v. Mathieson Alkali Works, 190 U.S. 406 (1903)...... 1991 Conn v. Gabbert, 526 U.S. 286 (1999)...... 1923 Connally v. General Const. Co., 269 U.S. 385 (1926)...... 1170, 2018, 2413 Connally v. Georgia, 429 U.S. 245 (1977)...... 1400 Connecticut Bd. of Pardons v. Dumschat, 452 U.S. 458 (1981)...... 1977, 2060 Connecticut Department of Public Safety v. Doe, 538 U.S. 1 (2002)...... 1975 Connecticut Gen. Life Ins. Co. v. Johnson, 303 U.S. 77 (1938)...... 1914, 2083, 2435 Connecticut Ins. Co. v. Moore, 333 U.S. 541 (1948)...... 1890 Connecticut Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Cushman, 108 U.S. 51 (1883)...... 435 TABLE OF CASES 2651

Connecticut Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Spratley, 172 U.S. 602 (1899)...... 937, 1991 Connecticut v. Barrett, 479 U.S. 523 (1987)...... 1543 Connecticut v. Doehr, 501 U.S. 1 (1991)...... 1981, 2517 Connecticut v. Menillo, 423 U.S. 9 (1975)...... 1930 Connell v. Higginbotham, 403 U.S. 207 (1971)...... 1179, 1207–08, 2476 Conner v. Elliott, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 591 (1856)...... 974 Connick v. Myers, 461 U.S. 138 (1983)...... 1218–20, 1222–23, 1365 Connolly v. Pension Beneﬁt Guaranty Corp., 475 U.S. 211 (1986)...... 1600 Connolly v. Union Sewer Pipe Co., 184 U.S. 540 (1902)...... 2117, 2384, 2606 Connor v. Finch, 431 U.S. 407 (1977)...... 2196 Connor v. Johnson, 402 U.S. 690 (1971)...... 690, 2204 Connor v. Williams, 404 U.S. 549 (1972)...... 2194 Conrad v. Waples, 96 U.S. 279 (1878)...... 364 Consolidated Edison Co. v. NLRB, 305 U.S. 197 (1938)...... 1556 Consolidated Edison Co. v. PSC, 447 U.S. 530 (1980)...... 1145, 1148, 1268–69, 1286, 1334 Consolidated Flour Mills Co. v. Muegge, 278 U.S. 559 (1928)...... 2418 Consolidated Textile Co. v. Gregory, 289 U.S. 85 (1933)...... 2428 Construction Laborers v. Curry, 371 U.S. 542 (1963)...... 291, 2579, 2608 Consumers’ Co. v. Hatch, 224 U.S. 148 (1912)...... 1870 Consumers Union v. FTC, 691 F.2d 575 (D.C. Cir. 1982)...... 154 Container Corp. of America v. Franchise Tax Bd., 463 U.S. 159 (1983)...... 254, 269 Continental Baking Co. v. Woodring, 286 U.S. 352 (1932)...... 1804, 1894, 2107 Continental Bank v. Rock Island Ry., 294 U.S. 648 (1935)...... 319–20 Continental Co. v. Tennessee, 311 U.S. 5 (1940)...... 1914 Continental Illinois Nat’l Bank & Trust Co. v. Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry., 294 U.S. 648 (1935)...... 1577–78 Continental T. V. v. GTE Sylvania, 433 U.S. 36 (1977)...... 2611 Continental Tie & L. Co. v. United States, 286 U.S. 290 (1932)...... 2265 Contzen v. United States, 179 U.S. 191 (1900)...... 303 Converse v. Hamilton, 224 U.S. 243 (1912)...... 957 Conyers v. Reagan, 578 F.Supp. 324 (D.D.C. 1984)...... 350 Cook v. Cook, 342 U.S. 126 (1951)...... 944 Cook v. Fortson, 329 U.S. 675 (1946)...... 2191, 2609 Cook v. Gralike, 531 U.S. 510 (2001)...... 120–21, 131, 2527 Cook v. Hart, 146 U.S. 183 (1892)...... 980 Cook v. Marshall County, 196 U.S. 261 (1905)...... 2103 Cook v. Pennsylvania, 97 U.S. 566 (1878)...... 444, 2373 Cook v. Tait, 265 U.S. 47 (1924)...... 1572 Cook v. United States, 138 U.S. 157 (1891)...... 393, 1647 Cook v. United States, 288 U.S. 102 (1933)...... 532, 534 Cooke v. United States, 267 U.S. 517 (1925)...... 700, 703 Cooley v. Board of Wardens, 53 U.S. (12 How.) 299 (1851)...... 234–35, 239, 243–44, 248, 265, 399, 444, 446 Coolidge v. Long, 282 U.S. 582 (1931)...... 1573, 1898, 2424 Coolidge v. New Hampshire, 403 U.S. 443 (1971)..... 1381, 1399–1400, 1404, 1414, 1425, 1428, 1438, 1455, 1458–59, 1461 Coombes v. Getz, 285 U.S. 434 (1932)...... 411, 424, 1895, 2427 Cooney v. Mountain States Tel. Co., 294 U.S. 384 (1935)...... 2430 Cooper v. Aaron, 358 U.S. 1 (1958)...... 514, 625, 795, 1021, 2069, 2124 Cooper v. California, 386 U.S. 58 (1967)...... 1381, 1431 Cooper v. Newell, 173 U.S. 555 (1899)...... 962 Cooper v. Oklahoma, 517 U.S. 348 (1996)...... 2041 Cooper v. Pate, 378 U.S. 546 (1964)...... 2053 2652 TABLE OF CASES

Cooper v. Reynolds, 77 U.S. (10 Wall.) 308 (1870)...... 935 Cooper v. United States, 280 U.S. 409 (1930)...... 1573–74 Coppage v. Kansas, 236 U.S. 1 (1915)...... 207, 1847, 1854–56, 2395, 2607 Copperweld Corp. v. Independence Tube Corp., 467 U.S. 752 (1984)...... 2612 Corbett v. Stergios, 381 U.S. 124 (1965)...... 2582 Corbitt v. New Jersey, 439 U.S. 212 (1978)...... 1515 Cordillo v. Liberty Mutual Ins. Co., 330 U.S. 469 (1947)...... 885 Corﬁeld v. Coryell, 6 F. Cas. 546 (No. 3230) (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1823)...... 967, 970, 972 Corley v. United States, 556 U.S. ___, No. 07–10441 (2009)...... 1528 Corn Exch. Bank v. Commissioner, 280 U.S. 218 (1930)...... 2000 Corn Products Ref. Co. v. Eddy, 249 U.S. 427 (1919)...... 273, 1877, 2113 Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, 473 U.S. 788 (1985)...... 1334, 1337 Cornell Steamboat Co. v. United States, 321 U.S. 634 (1944)...... 189 Cornell v. Coyne, 192 U.S. 418 (1904)...... 397, 443 Corning Glass Works v. Brennan, 417 U.S. 188 (1974)...... 2165 Cornish v. United States, 299 F. 283 (6th Cir. 1924)...... 703 Coronado Co. v. United Mine Workers, 268 U.S. 295 (1925)...... 201 Corporation Comm’n v. Lowe, 281 U.S. 431 (1930)...... 2112 Corporation of the Presiding Bishop v. Amos, 483 U.S. 327 (1987)...... 1110, 1122 Correctional Services Corp. v. Malesko, 534 U.S. 61 (2001)...... 810 Corrigan v. Buckley, 271 U.S. 323 (1926)...... 2142 Corrigan v. Buckley, 271 U.S. 323 (1926)...... 1817, 2142 Corry v. Baltimore, 196 U.S. 466 (1905)...... 1919 Corson v. Maryland, 120 U.S. 502 (1887)...... 2377 Cort v. Ash, 422 U.S. 66 (1975)...... 810 Cory v. White, 457 U.S. 85 (1982)...... 846, 1805, 1910 Cosmopolitan Co. v. McAllister, 337 U.S. 783 (1949)...... 2608 Costello v. United States, 350 U.S. 359 (1956)...... 1474, 1478 Costello v. United States, 365 U.S. 265 (1961)...... 306–07 Cotting v. Kansas City Stock Yards Co., 183 U.S. 79 (1901)...... 1860, 2384 Cotton Petroleum Corp. v. New Mexico, 490 U.S. 163 (1989)...... 298 Coughran v. Bigelow, 164 U.S. 301 (1896)...... 1701 Counselman v. Hitchcock, 142 U.S. 547 (1892)...... 1510, 1517–19 County of Allegheny v. Frank Mashuda Co., 360 U.S. 185 (1959)...... 894 County of Cass v. Johnston, 95 U.S. 360 (1877)...... 2604 County of Los Angeles v. Davis, 440 U.S. 625 (1979)...... 767–68 County of Marin v. United States, 356 U.S. 412 (1958)...... 193 County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation, 470 U.S. 226 (1985)...... 300, 810 County of Riverside v. McLaughlin, 500 U.S. 44, 56 (1991)...... 1390–91 County of Sacramento v. Lewis, 523 U.S. 833 (1998)...... 1841 County of Washington v. Gunther, 452 U.S. 161 (1981)...... 2165 County of Yakima v. Yakima Indian Nation, 502 U.S. 251 (1992)...... 298–99, 2594 Cousins v. Wigoda, 419 U.S. 477 (1975)...... 786, 1182, 1191 Coutler v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 196 U.S. 599 (1905)...... 2109 Cove v. Cunningham, 133 U.S. 107 (1890)...... 968 Covell v. Heyman, 111 U.S. 176 (1884)...... 720 Covey v. Town of Somers, 351 U.S. 141 (1956)...... 1920, 2452 Covina v. Perkins, 525 U.S. 234 (1999)...... 1962 Covington & Cincinnati Bridge Co. v. Kentucky, 154 U.S. 204 (1894)...... 2381 Covington v. Edwards, 264 F.2d 780 (4th Cir. 1959)...... 2124 Covington v. Kentucky, 173 U.S. 231 (1899)...... 415 Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn, 420 U.S. 469 (1975)...... 815, 1306–07, 1310, 2488 Cox v. Louisiana, 379 U.S. 536 (1965)...... 1168, 1291, 1331, 1333, 1335–36, 1345, 2465 TABLE OF CASES 2653

Cox v. Louisiana, 379 U.S. 559 (1965)...... 1168, 1170, 1332 Cox v. New Hampshire, 312 U.S. 569 (1941)...... 1150, 1335, 1344 Cox v. Peters, 342 U.S. 936 (1952)...... 2609 Cox v. Texas, 202 U.S. 446 (1906)...... 2103 Cox v. Wood, 247 U.S. 3 (1918)...... 351 Coy v. Iowa, 487 U.S. 1012 (1988)...... 1657–58, 2514 Coyle v. Smith, 221 U.S. 559 (1911)...... 983–84, 2255, 2319 Craig v. Boren, 429 U.S. 190 (1976)..... 744, 746, 2089, 2092, 2166, 2168, 2171–72, 2238, 2290, 2492, 2611 Craig v. Harney, 331 U.S. 367 (1947)...... 699, 1162 Craig v. Hecht, 263 U.S. 255 (1923)...... 699 Craig v. Missouri, 29 U.S. (4 Pet.) 410 (1830)...... 403, 2363 Crain v. United States, 162 U.S. 625 (1896)...... 2605 Cramer v. United States, 325 U.S. 1 (1945)...... 922–23, 925 Cramp v. Board of Pub. Instruction, 368 U.S. 278 (1961)...... 764, 816, 1170, 1207, 2457 Crampton v. Ohio, 402 U.S. 183 (1971)...... 1720 Crampton v. Zabriskie, 101 U.S. 601 (1880)...... 735 Crandall v. Nevada, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 35 (1868)...... 235, 263, 1363, 1834, 2206, 2368 Crane v. Campbell, 245 U.S. 304 (1917)...... 1892 Crane v. Commissioner, 331 U.S. 1 (1947)...... 2266 Crane v. Hahlo, 258 U.S. 142 (1922)...... 414 Crane v. Johnson, 242 U.S. 339 (1917)...... 2113 Crane v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 683 (1986)...... 2030 Crane v. New York, 239 U.S. 195 (1915)...... 1835 Crane-Johnson Co. v. Helvering, 311 U.S. 54 (1940)...... 2264 Crawford v. Branch Bank of Mobile, 48 U.S. (7 How.) 279 (1849)...... 435 Crawford v. Los Angeles Bd. of Educ., 458 U.S. 527 (1982)...... 2068, 2073, 2134–35 Crawford v. Marion County Election Board, 128 S. Ct. 1610 (2008)...... 2184, 2219 Crawford v. United States, 212 U.S. 183 (1909)...... 1639 Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36 (2004)...... 1652–57, 2614 Crenshaw v. Arkansas, 227 U.S. 389 (1913)...... 2392 Crenshaw v. United States, 134 U.S. 99 (1890)...... 416 Crew Levick Co. v. Pennsylvania, 245 U.S. 292 (1917)...... 444, 2400 Crider v. Zurich Ins. Co., 380 U.S. 39 (1965)...... 961 Crist v. Bretz, 437 U.S. 28 (1978)...... 1065–66, 1479–81, 1484–86 Crockett v. Reagan, 558 F.Supp. 893 (D.D.C. 1982)...... 350 Cronin v. Adams, 192 U.S. 108 (1904)...... 2164 Crooker v. California, 357 U.S. 433 (1958)...... 1534, 1679, 2609 Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council, 530 U.S. 363 (2000)...... 289, 467, 562 Crowell v. Benson, 285 U.S. 22 (1932)...... 674–76, 681, 684, 801, 822, 832, 884–85, 1695, 1697 Crowley v. Christensen, 137 U.S. 86 (1890)...... 905, 1835, 1892 Crutcher v. Kentucky, 141 U.S. 47 (1891)...... 247, 970, 1834, 2380 Cruz v. Beto, 405 U.S. 319 (1972)...... 2052–53 Cruz v. New York, 481 U.S. 186 (1987)...... 1650 Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Dep’t of Health, 497 U.S. 261 (1990)...... 1957–59 CSX Transportation, Inc. v. Easterwood, 507 U.S. 658 (1993)...... 279 CTS Corp. v. Dynamics Corp. of America, 481 U.S. 69 (1987)...... 237, 265, 267, 290 Cudahy Co. v. Hinkle, 278 U.S. 460 (1929)...... 1911, 2420 Cullen v. Pinholster, 563 U.S. ___, No. 09–1088, slip op. (2011)...... 916, 1671, 1673 Cullinan v. Walker, 262 U.S. 134 (1923)...... 2263 Culombe v. Connecticut, 367 U.S. 568 (1961)...... 1460, 1527–29, 1531, 1533, 1548 Cumming v. Richmond County Bd. of Educ., 175 U.S. 528 (1899)...... 2123, 2608 Cummings v. Missouri, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 277 (1867)...... 387–88, 404, 407, 1045, 1204, 2367 2654 TABLE OF CASES

Cummings v. National Bank, 101 U.S. 153 (1879)...... 1699 Cunningham v. California, 549 U.S. 270 (2007)...... 1634 Cunningham v. Macon & Brunswick R.R., 109 U.S. 446 (1883)...... 840, 1785, 1802 Cuno Corp. v. Automatic Devices Corp., 314 U.S. 84 (1941)...... 333–34 Cupp v. Murphy, 412 U.S. 291 (1973)...... 1408 Cupp v. Naughten, 414 U.S. 141 (1973)...... 2029 Curran v. Arkansas, 56 U.S. (15 How.) 304 (1854)...... 403, 413, 424, 2366 Currin v. Wallace, 306 U.S. 1 (1939)...... 90–91, 211, 761, 1567 Curry v. McCanless, 307 U.S. 357 (1939)...... 1906, 1908–10 Curry v. United States, 314 U.S. 14 (1941)...... 1037 Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts, 388 U.S. 130 (1967)...... 1300 Curtis v. Loether, 415 U.S. 189 (1974)...... 1695 Curtis v. Whitney, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 68 (1872)...... 435 Curtiss v. Georgetown & Alexandria Turnpike Co., 10 U.S. (6 Cr.) 233 (1810)...... 1582 Cusack Co. v. City of Chicago, 242 U.S. 526 (1917)...... 1887–89 Cutter v. Wilkinson, 544 U.S. 709 (2005)...... 1121–22, 1137 Cuyahoga Power Co. v. City of Akron, 240 U.S. 462 (1916)...... 410 Cuyler v. Sullivan, 446 U.S. 335 (1980)...... 1670, 1677 D D. C. Court of Appeals v. Feldman, 460 U.S. 462 (1983)...... 673 D. H. Holmes Co. v. McNamara, 486 U.S. 24 (1988)...... 252 D.H. Overmyer Co. v. Frick Co., 405 U.S. 174 (1972)...... 1985 Dahnke-Walker Co. v. Bondurant, 257 U.S. 282 (1921)...... 247, 2405 Daimler AG v. Bauman, 571 U.S. ___, No. 11–965, slip op. (2014)...... 1991 DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Cuno, 547 U.S. 332 (2006)...... 734–35 Dairy Queen v. Wood, 369 U.S. 469 (1962)...... 703, 1695, 1699 Dalia v. United States, 441 U.S. 238 (1979)...... 1451 Dallemagne v. Moisan, 197 U.S. 169 (1905)...... 1047 Dalton v. Specter, 511 U.S. 462 (1994)...... 473–74, 639 Dameron v. Brodhead, 345 U.S. 322 (1953)...... 354, 2576 Dames & Moore v. Regan, 453 U.S. 654 (1981)...... 88, 464–65, 550, 560, 611, 613, 637, 642 Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471 (1970)...... 2014, 2088, 2091, 2118, 2224 Dane v. Jackson, 256 U.S. 589 (1921)...... 1897 Danforth v. Minnesota, 128 S. Ct. 1029 (2008)...... 1746 Danforth v. Rodgers, 414 U.S. 1035 (1973)...... 2486 Danforth v. United States, 308 U.S. 271 (1939)...... 1588 Daniel v. Family Ins. Co., 336 U.S. 220 (1949)...... 1879, 2113 Daniel v. Paul, 395 U.S. 298 (1969)...... 181, 220, 229 Daniels v. Railroad Co., 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 250 (1865)...... 874 Daniels v. Williams, 474 U.S. 327 (1986)...... 1985, 2054, 2612 Dan’s City Used Cars, Inc. v. Pelkey, 569 U.S. ___, No. 12–52, slip op. (2013)...... 276 Danzer Co. v. Gulf R.R., 268 U.S. 633 (1925)...... 1577 Darby v. Mayer, 23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 465 (1825)...... 950 D’Arcy v. Ketchum, 52 U.S. (1 How.) 165 (1851)...... 936 Darden v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 168 (1986)...... 1641, 1672 Darnell & Son Co. v. City of Memphis, 208 U.S. 113 (1908)...... 245, 2387 Darnell v. Indiana, 226 U.S. 390 (1912)...... 2105, 2614 Darnel’s Case, 3 How. St. Tr. 1 (1627)...... 1710 Darr v. Burford, 339 U.S. 200 (1950)...... 714, 2609 Darrington v. Bank of Alabama, 54 U.S. (13 How.) 12 (1851)...... 403 Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 518 (1819)...... 413–15, 421–23, 432, 2362 Darwin v. Connecticut, 391 U.S. 346 (1968)...... 1531–32 Davenport v. Washington Education Ass’n, 551 U.S. 177 (2007)...... 1194 TABLE OF CASES 2655

David Lupton’s Sons v. Auto. Club of Am., 225 U.S. 489 (1912)...... 2607 Davidson v. Cannon, 474 U.S. 344 (1986)...... 2054 Davidson v. City of New Orleans, 96 U.S. 97 (1878)..... 1555–56, 1581, 1842, 1859, 1862, 1919, 2102 Davis v. Alaska, 415 U.S. 308 (1974)...... 1650, 2030, 2486 Davis v. Bandemer, 478 U.S. 109 (1986)...... 114, 787, 2198–2200, 2203 Davis v. Beason, 133 U.S. 333 (1890)...... 1123, 1125, 1156 Davis v. Board of School Comm’rs of Mobile County, 364 F.2d 896 (5th Cir. 1966)...... 2125 Davis v. Board of School Comm’rs of Mobile County, 402 U.S. 33 (1971)...... 2127, 2130 Davis v. Cohen, 268 U.S. 638 (1925)...... 2568 Davis v. County School Bd., 347 U.S. 483 (1954)...... 2451 Davis v. Davis, 305 U.S. 32 (1938)...... 939–40 Davis v. Department of Labor and Industries, 317 U.S. 249 (1942)...... 823, 832 Davis v. Elmira Savings Bank, 161 U.S. 275 (1896)...... 1032 Davis v. Farmers Co-operative Co., 262 U.S. 312 (1923)...... 1991, 2408 Davis v. FEC, 554 U.S. 724 (2008)...... 740, 1233–34, 1244–45, 2356 Davis v. Federal Election Commission, 128 S. Ct. 2759 (2008)...... 1245, 2356 Davis v. Gray, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 203 (1872)...... 1801 Davis v. Kohn, 405 U.S. 1034 (1972)...... 2478 Davis v. Mann, 377 U.S. 678 (1964)...... 895, 2464 Davis v. Massachusetts, 167 U.S. 43 (1897)...... 1331 Davis v. Michigan Dep’t of Treasury, 489 U.S. 803 (1989)...... 1039, 2515, 2594 Davis v. Mississippi, 394 U.S. 721 (1969)...... 1381, 1392, 1408, 1417 Davis v. North Carolina, 384 U.S. 737 (1966)...... 1531–32, 1534 Davis v. Ohio, 241 U.S. 565 (1916)...... 992 Davis v. Passman, 442 U.S. 228 (1979)...... 139, 141, 810 Davis v. Schnell, 81 F. Supp. 872 (M.D. Ala. 1949)...... 2247 Davis v. United States, 160 U.S. 469 (1895)...... 2035 Davis v. United States, 328 U.S. 582 (1946)...... 1384, 1520 Davis v. United States, 411 U.S. 233 (1973)...... 88, 908, 913, 2044 Davis v. United States, 512 U.S. 452 (1994)...... 1545 Davis v. United States, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–11328, slip op. (2011)...... 1465 Davis v. Virginia, 236 U.S. 697 (1915)...... 2396 Davis v. Wallace, 257 U.S. 478 (1922)...... 1804 Davis v. Washington, 547 U.S. 813 (2006)...... 1655 Davis v. Wechsler, 263 U.S. 22 (1923)...... 818 Dawson v. Delaware, 503 U.S. 159 (1992)...... 1180 Day-Brite Lighting, Inc. v. Missouri, 342 U.S. 421 (1952)...... 1853 Dayton Bd. of Educ. v. Brinkman, 433 U.S. 406 (1977)...... 2068, 2073, 2131–33 Dayton Bd. of Educ. v. Brinkman, 443 U.S. 526 (1979)...... 2068, 2099, 2132 Dayton Coal and Iron Co. v. Barton, 183 U.S. 23 (1901)...... 1852 Dayton-Goose Creek Ry. v. United States, 263 U.S. 456 (1924)...... 1571 De Bary v. Louisiana, 227 U.S. 108 (1913)...... 2290 De Buono v. NYSA–ILA Med. & Clinical Servs. Fund, 520 U.S. 806 (1997)...... 278 De Canas v. Bica, 424 U.S. 351 (1976)...... 282, 315–16 De Groot v. United States, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 419 (1867)...... 673, 677, 691, 838 De La Rama S.S. Co. v. United States, 344 U.S. 386 (1953)...... 1577 De Lima v. Bidwell, 182 U.S. 1 (1901)...... 364, 530, 1615 De Meerleer v. Michigan, 329 U.S. 663 (1947)...... 1663 De Treville v. Smalls, 98 U.S. 517 (1879)...... 397 Dean Milk Co. v. City of Madison, 340 U.S. 349 (1951)...... 249, 261, 969, 2206, 2546 Dean Milk Co. v. City of Madison, 424 U.S. 366 (1976)...... 969 Dean v. Gadsden Times Pub. Co., 412 U.S. 543 (1973)...... 1854 2656 TABLE OF CASES

Debs v. United States, 249 U.S. 211 (1919)...... 366, 1142, 1157, 1197 Decatur v. Paulding, 39 U.S. (14 Pet.) 497 (1840)...... 643, 778 Deck v. Missouri, 544 U.S. 622 (2005)...... 2030 Decker v. Northwest Environmental Defense Center, 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–338, slip op. (2013)...... 767 Deepsouth Packing Co. v. Laitram Corp., 406 U.S. 518 (1972)...... 332 DeFunis v. Odegaard, 416 U.S. 312 (1974)...... 766–68, 2145 DeGregory v. Attorney General of New Hampshire, 383 U.S. 825 (1966)...... 102, 109, 1209 DeJager v. Attorney General of Natal (1907), A.C., 96 L.T.R. 857...... 926 DeJonge v. Oregon, 299 U.S. 353 (1937)...... 1064, 1143, 1159, 1362, 1364, 2434 Delaney v. United States, 263 U.S. 586 (1924)...... 1648 Delaware Mut. Safety Ins. Co. v. Gossler, 96 U.S. 645 (1877)...... 824 Delaware R.R. Tax, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 206 (1873)...... 245 Delaware Railroad Tax, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 206 (1874)...... 417 Delaware Tribal Business Comm. v. Weeks, 430 U.S. 73 (1977)...... 300 Delaware v. Fensterer, 474 U.S. 15 (1985)...... 1651 Delaware v. New York, 385 U.S. 895 (1966)...... 872 Delaware v. Prouse, 440 U.S. 648 (1979)...... 1391, 1398, 1417, 1428–29, 1433 Delaware, L. & W.P.R.R. v. Pennsylvania, 198 U.S. 341 (1905)...... 1907 Delaware, L. & W.R.R. v. Town of Morristown, 276 U.S. 182 (1928)...... 1584, 2542 Delgadillo v. Carmichael, 332 U.S. 388 (1947)...... 314 Delli Paoli v. United States, 352 U.S. 232 (1957)...... 1640, 2609 Dellmuth v. Muth, 491 U.S. 223 (1989)...... 1787, 1796, 1799 Dellums v. Bush, 752 F.Supp. 1141 (D.D.C. 1990)...... 350 Delmas v. Insurance Company, 81 U.S. (14 Wall.) 661 (1872)...... 2369 DeLovio v. Boit, 7 Fed. Cas. 418 (No. 3776) (C.C.D. Mass 1815)...... 820, 823–25, 860 Democratic Party v. Wisconsin, 450 U.S. 107 (1981)...... 1182, 1191, 2501 Demore v. Kim, 538 U.S. 510 (2003)...... 1563 Demorest v. City Bank Co., 321 U.S. 36 (1944)...... 1889 Dennick v. Railroad Co., 103 U.S. 11 (1881)...... 951, 955 Dennis v. Higgins, 498 U.S. 439 (1991)...... 236–37 Dennis v. United States, 339 U.S. 162 (1950)...... 1639, 2028 Dennis v. United States, 341 U.S. 494 (1951)... 101, 367, 703, 1142, 1152, 1160, 1163–66, 1198, 1201 Dennis v. United States, 384 U.S. 855 (1966)...... 1475 Denny v. Bennett, 128 U.S. 489 (1888)...... 322 Dent v. West Virginia, 129 U.S. 114 (1889)...... 1881 Denver & R.G. R.R. v. Denver, 250 U.S. 241 (1919)...... 425, 1869, 1873 Denver Area Educ. Tel. Consortium v. FCC, 518 U.S. 727 (1996)...... 1282, 1284, 1324, 2350 Denver Union Stock Yards Co. v. United States, 304 U.S. 470 (1938)...... 1570 Denver v. Denver Union Water Co., 246 U.S. 178 (1918)...... 1867 Denver v. New York Trust Co., 229 U.S. 123 (1913)...... 1869 Department of Agriculture v. Moreno, 413 U.S. 528 (1973).. 1568, 2014, 2088, 2119, 2211, 2340 Department of Agriculture v. Murry, 413 U.S. 508 (1973)...... 1568, 2014–15, 2340 Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control v. Ammex Warehouse Co., 378 U.S. 124 (1964)...... 2463 Department of Commerce v. United States House of Representatives, 525 U.S. 316 (1999)...... 736 Department of Game v. Puyallup Tribe, 414 U.S. 44 (1973)...... 2584 Department of Mental Hygiene v. Kirchner, 380 U.S. 194 (1965)...... 817 Department of Revenue of Kentucky v. Davis, 128 S. Ct. 1801 (2008)...... 263 Department of Revenue v. Beam Distillers, 377 U.S. 341 (1964)...... 240, 2290 Department of Revenue v. James B. Beam Distilling Co., 377 U.S. 341 (1964)... 445, 775, 2463 TABLE OF CASES 2657

Department of Revenue v. Washington Stevedoring Cos., 435 U.S. 734 (1978)...... 2611 Department of Taxation & Finance v. Milhelm Attea & Bros., 512 U.S. 61 (1994)...... 299 Department of the Navy v. Egan, 484 U.S. 518 (1988)...... 464, 590 Department of Treasury v. Fabe, 508 U.S. 491 (1993)...... 275, 2595 Deposit Guaranty Nat’l Bank v. Roper, 445 U.S. 326 (1980)...... 770 Dep’t of Transp. v. Ass’n of Am. R.R., 575 U.S. ___, No. 13–1080, slip op. (2015)...... 1144 Des Moines Bank v. Fairweather, 263 U.S. 103 (1923)...... 1042 Des Moines Gas Co. v. Des Moines, 238 U.S. 153 (1915)...... 1864, 1867 Descamps v. United States, 570 U.S. ___, No. 11–9540, slip op. (2013)...... 1632 Desert Outdoor Adver. v. City of Moreno Valley, 103 F.3d 814 (9th Cir. 1996)...... 1151 DeShaney v. Winnebago County Social Servs. Dep’t, 489 U.S. 189 (1989)...... 1841, 1954, 2080 Desist v. United States, 394 U.S. 244 (1969)...... 772 DeStefano v. Woods, 392 U.S. 631 (1968)...... 1625–26 Detroit Bank v. United States, 317 U.S. 329 (1943)...... 1566, 1568 Detroit Trust Co. v. The Thomas Barlum, 293 U.S. 21 (1934)...... 384, 822, 824–25 Detroit United Ry. v. City of Detroit, 248 U.S. 429 (1919)...... 2540 Detroit United Ry. v. Detroit, 255 U.S. 171 (1921)...... 1869 Detroit United Ry. v. Michigan, 242 U.S. 238 (1916)...... 410, 1869, 2398 Deukmejian v. National Meat Ass’n, 469 U.S. 1100 (1985)...... 2508 Deutch v. United States, 367 U.S. 456 (1961)...... 101, 105, 111, 2035 DeVeau v. Braisted, 363 U.S. 144 (1960)...... 404, 406, 450, 1882 Devenpeck v. Alford, 543 U.S. 146 (2004)...... 1391 DeVries v. Baumgartner’s Electric Co., 359 U.S. 498 (1959)...... 2579 Dewey v. City of Des Moines, 173 U.S. 193 (1899)...... 1919, 2383 Di Santo v. Pennsylvania, 273 U.S. 34 (1927)...... 246, 259, 2416, 2606 Diamond Glue Co. v. United States Glue Co., 187 U.S. 611 (1903)...... 178 Diamond Rubber Co. v. Consol. Tire Co., 220 U.S. 428 (1911)...... 333 Diamond v. Diehr, 450 U.S. 175 (1981)...... 333 Dice v. Akron, C. & Y. R.R., 342 U.S. 359 (1952)...... 891, 1693 Dick v. New York Life Ins. Co., 359 U.S. 437 (1959)...... 1705 Dick v. United States, 208 U.S. 340 (1908)...... 546, 985 Dickerson v. United States, 530 U.S. 428 (2000)...... 1537, 2339 Dickey v. Florida, 389 U.S. 30 (1970)...... 1617–18 Dietz v. Bouldin, 579 U.S. ___, No. 15–458, slip op. (2016)...... 720–21 Diffenderfer v. Central Baptist Church, 404 U.S. 412 (1972)...... 767, 1110 Dillon v. Gloss, 256 U.S. 368 (1921)...... 25, 782, 1001–02, 1008–09, 1011, 2307 Dillon v. United States, 560 U.S. ___, No. 09–6338, slip op. (2010)...... 1637 Dimick v. Schiedt, 293 U.S. 474 (1935)...... 1693, 1701 Dinis v. Volpe, 389 U.S. 570 (1968)...... 2470 Director, OWCP v. Perini, 459 U.S. 297 (1983)...... 832 DIRECTV, Inc. v. Imburgia, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–462, slip op. (2015)...... 1021 District Attorney’s Office for the Third Judicial District v. Osborne, 557 U.S. ___, No. 08–6 (2009)...... 2051 District of Columbia Court of Appeals v. Feldman, 460 U.S. 462 (1983)...... 898 District of Columbia v. Brooke, 214 U.S. 138 (1909)...... 1568 District of Columbia v. Clawans, 300 U.S. 617 (1937)...... 1629 District of Columbia v. Colts, 282 U.S. 63 (1930)...... 1629 District of Columbia v. Eslin, 183 U.S. 62 (1901)...... 875 District of Columbia v. Greater Wash. Bd. of Trade, 506 U.S. 125 (1992)...... 278 District of Columbia v. Heller, 128 S. Ct. 2783 (2008)...... 1369–71, 2530 District of Columbia v. John R. Thompson Co., 346 U.S. 100 (1953)...... 374 Dixie Ohio Express Co. v. State Revenue Comm’n, 306 U.S. 72 (1939)...... 2107 Dixilyn Drilling Corp. v. Crescent Towage & Salvage Co., 372 U.S. 697 (1963)...... 824 2658 TABLE OF CASES

Dixon v. Love, 431 U.S. 105 (1977)...... 1969, 1982 Dixon v. United States, 548 U.S. 1 (2006)...... 2037 Dobbert v. Florida, 432 U.S. 282 (1977)...... 407–08 Dobbins v. City of Los Angeles, 195 U.S. 223 (1904)...... 2537 Dobbins v. Commissioners of Erie County, 41 U.S. (16 Pet.) 435 (1842)...... 2364, 2606 Dobbins v. Erie County, 41 U.S. (16 Pet.) 435 (1842)...... 1038, 2364, 2606 Dobbins v. Los Angeles, 195 U.S. 223 (1904)...... 1887, 2537 Doctor’s Associates, Inc. v. Casarotto, 517 U.S. 681 (1996)...... 285, 2596 Dodge v. Board of Education, 302 U.S. 74 (1937)...... 416 Dodge v. Brady, 240 U.S. 122 (1916)...... 878 Dodge v. Osborn, 240 U.S. 118 (1916)...... 1579 Dodge v. Woolsey, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 331 (1856)...... 410, 729, 2366 Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179 (1973)...... 746, 765, 968, 1927, 1929, 1943, 2482 Doe v. Braden, 57 U.S. (16 How.) 635 (1853)...... 536, 610, 781 Doe v. McMillan, 412 U.S. 306 (1973)...... 140–41 Doe v. Reed, 561 U.S. ___, No. 09–559, slip op. (June 24, 2010)...... 1235–36 Doe v. United States, 487 U.S. 201 (1988)...... 1511 D’Oench, Duhme & Co. v. FDIC, 315 U.S. 447 (1942)...... 866 Dohany v. Rogers, 281 U.S. 362 (1930)...... 1584, 1586 Doherty & Co. v. Goodman, 294 U.S. 623 (1935)...... 974, 1989 Dolan v. City of Tigard, 512 U.S. 374 (1994)...... 1607 Dole v. Carter, 569 F.2d 1109 (10th Cir., 1977)...... 612 Dombrowski v. Dowling, 459 F.2d 190 (7th Cir. 1972)...... 2232 Dombrowski v. Eastland, 387 U.S. 82 (1967)...... 139–40, 143–44 Dombrowski v. Pﬁster, 380 U.S. 479 (1965)...... 748, 761–62, 895, 897, 901–02, 1289, 2466 Dominion Hotel v. Arizona, 249 U.S. 265 (1919)...... 2164 Donaldson v. O’Connor, 493 F.2d 507 (5th Cir. 1974)...... 1955 Donaldson v. Read Magazine, 333 U.S. 178 (1948)...... 328 Donis v. Mann, 377 U.S. 678 (1964)...... 2192 Donovan v. City of Dallas, 377 U.S. 408 (1964)...... 892 Donovan v. Dewey, 452 U.S. 594 (1981)...... 1386, 1394–96, 1398 Donovan v. Keppel, 405 U.S. 1034 (1972)...... 2478 Dooley v. United States, 182 U.S. 222 (1901)...... 364, 504 Dooley v. United States, 183 U.S. 151 (1901)...... 397 Doran v. Salem Inn, 422 U.S. 922 (1975)...... 762, 904, 1172, 1329, 2291 Dorchy v. Kansas, 264 U.S. 286 (1924)...... 1856, 2409 Dorchy v. Kansas, 264 U.S. 286, 290 (1924)...... 802 Doremus v. Board of Education, 342 U.S. 429 (1952)...... 731, 735 Dorr v. United States, 195 U.S. 138 (1904)...... 364, 990, 1615 Dothard v. Rawlinson, 433 U.S. 321 (1977)...... 2097, 2165, 2585 Doty v. Love, 295 U.S. 64 (1935)...... 1878 Doubleday & Co. v. New York, 335 U.S. 848 (1948)...... 1311 Dougherty County Bd. of Educ. v. White, 439 U.S. 32 (1978)...... 2251 Doughty v. Maxwell, 376 U.S. 202 (1964)...... 1665 Douglas v. Alabama, 380 U.S. 415 (1965)...... 1065, 1649–50 Douglas v. California, 372 U.S. 353 (1963)...... 2214–17 Douglas v. City of Jeannette, 319 U.S. 157 (1943)...... 900–01 Douglas v. Green, 363 U.S. 192 (1960)...... 2216 Douglas v. Kentucky, 168 U.S. 488 (1897)...... 1895 Douglas v. New York, N.H. & H.R.R., 279 U.S. 377 (1929)...... 891, 975 Douglas v. Noble, 261 U.S. 165 (1923)...... 1881 Douglas v. Seacoast Products, Inc., 431 U.S. 265 (1977)...... 271, 894, 972, 1018, 1886, 2585 Douglas v. Stephens, 1 Del. Ch. 465 (1821)...... 967 TABLE OF CASES 2659

Dove v. Parham, 271 F.2d 132 (8th Cir. 1959)...... 2124 Dove v. United States, 423 U.S. 325 (1976)...... 767–68, 2611 Dow Chemical Co. v. United States, 476 U.S. 227 (1986)...... 1437 Dow Co. v. Halliburton Co., 324 U.S. 320 (1945)...... 333 Dow v. Beidelman, 125 U.S. 680 (1888)...... 1862 Dow v. Johnson, 100 U.S. 158 (1880)...... 363 Dowdell v. United States, 221 U.S. 325 (1911)...... 1649 Dowell v. Oklahoma City Bd. of Educ., 396 U.S. 269 (1969)...... 2127 Dowling v. United States, 493 U.S. 342 (1990)...... 1504 Downes v. Bidwell, 182 U.S. 244 (1901)...... 55, 162, 364, 540, 990, 1615 Downham v. Alexandria Council, 77 U.S. (10 Wall.) 173 (1870)...... 975 Downum v. United States, 372 U.S. 734 (1963)...... 1485, 1487 Doyle v. Continental Ins. Co., 94 U.S. 535 (1877)...... 2605 Doyle v. Mitchell Bros. Co., 247 U.S. 179 (1918)...... 2260 Doyle v. Ohio, 426 U.S. 610 (1976)...... 1513, 1546 Dozier v. Alabama, 218 U.S. 124 (1910)...... 2390 Draper v. United States, 164 U.S. 240 (1896)...... 985 Draper v. United States, 358 U.S. 307 (1959)...... 1401–03 Draper v. Washington, 372 U.S. 487 (1963)...... 2216 Drew v. Thaw, 235 U.S. 432 (1914)...... 978–79 Dreyer v. Illinois, 187 U.S. 71 (1902)...... 80, 1960 Drinkard v. Johnson, 97 F.3d 751 (5th Cir. 1996)...... 916 Driscoll v. Edison Co., 307 U.S. 104 (1939)...... 1867 Drivers’ Union v. Valley Co., 311 U.S. 91 (1940)...... 717 Drope v. Missouri, 420 U.S. 162 (1975)...... 2041 Drummond v. Acree, 409 U.S. 1228 (1972)...... 2133 Duckworth v. Arkansas, 314 U.S. 390 (1941)...... 259, 2288 Duckworth v. Eagan, 492 U.S. 195 (1989)...... 911, 1542 Duddleston v. Grills, 385 U.S. 455 (1967)...... 113, 2193 Dugan v. Ohio, 277 U.S. 61 (1928)...... 2027 Dugan v. Rank, 372 U.S. 609 (1963)...... 841 Dugan v. United States, 16 U.S. (3 Wheat.) 172 (1818)...... 835 Duignan v. United States, 274 U.S. 195 (1927)...... 1694 Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Envtl. Study Group, 438 U.S. 59 (1978)...... 730, 736–38, 743, 745, 763, 765, 1579, 1591, 1847, 1895 Duke v. United States, 301 U.S. 492 (1937)...... 1478 Duluth & I. R.R. v. St. Louis County, 179 U.S. 302 (1900)...... 2384 Dumbra v. United States, 268 U.S. 435 (1925)...... 1401 Dun & Bradstreet v. Greenmoss Builders, 472 U.S. 749 (1985)...... 1302 Dunaway v. New York, 442 U.S. 200 (1979)...... 1392, 1417, 1546 Duncan v. Kahanamoku, 324 U.S. 833 (1945)...... 506, 509 Duncan v. Kahanamoku, 327 U.S. 304 (1946)...... 363, 386 Duncan v. Louisiana, 391 U.S. 145 (1968)...... 1063–66, 1371, 1624–27, 1629, 2017, 2609 Duncan v. Missouri, 152 U.S. 377 (1894)...... 409 Dunn v. Blumstein, 405 U.S. 330 (1972)...... 803, 973, 2094, 2183, 2206–07, 2478, 2610 Dunn v. INS, 499 F.2d 856 (9th Cir. 1974)...... 1569 Dunn v. Rivera, 404 U.S. 1054 (1972)...... 2477 Dunn v. United States, 284 U.S. 390 (1932)...... 1505 Dunphy v. Kleinsmith, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 610 (1871)...... 2604 Duplex Printing Press Co. v. Deering, 254 U.S. 443 (1921)...... 201, 717 Duquesne Light Co. v. Barasch, 488 U.S. 299 (1989)...... 815, 1868 Durand v. Hollins, 8 Fed. Cas. 111 (No. 4186) (C.C.S.D.N.Y. 1860)...... 630 Duren v. Missouri, 439 U.S. 357 (1979)...... 1638–39, 2496, 2612 2660 TABLE OF CASES

Durfee v. Duke, 375 U.S. 106 (1963)...... 935, 962 Durham v. United States, 401 U.S. 481 (1971)...... 768, 2611 Durley v. Mayo, 351 U.S. 277 (1956)...... 817, 2031 Duro v. Reina, 495 U.S. 676 (1990)...... 299 Durousseau v. United States, 10 U.S. (6 Cr.) 307 (1810)...... 671, 874 Dusenbery v. United States, 534 U.S. 161 (2001)...... 2004 Dusky v. United States, 362 U.S. 402 (1960)...... 2041 Dutton v. Evans, 400 U.S. 74 (1970)...... 1651 DVD Copy Control Association, Inc. v. Bunner, 75 P.3d 1 (Cal. 2003)...... 1150 Dyer v. Blair, 390 F. Supp. 1291 (N.D.Ill. 1975)...... 1012–13 Dyer v. Sims, 341 U.S. 22 (1951)...... 451 Dyke v. Taylor Implement Mfg. Co., 391 U.S. 216 (1968)...... 1428, 1629–30 Dynes v. Hoover, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 65 (1858)...... 357, 674 Dyson v. Stein, 401 U.S. 200 (1971)...... 902 E Eagles v. United States ex rel. Samuels, 329 U.S. 304 (1946)...... 714 Earley v. DiCenso, 403 U.S. 602 (1971)...... 2477 Easley v. Cromartie, 532 U.S. 234 (2001)...... 2197 East Carroll Parish School Bd. v. Marshall, 424 U.S. 636 (1976)...... 2100 East Hartford v. Hartford Bridge Co., 51 U.S. (10 How.) 511 (1851)...... 415 East New York Bank v. Hahn, 326 U.S. 230 (1945)...... 440 East Ohio Gas Co. v. Tax Comm’n, 283 U.S. 465 (1931)...... 2605 East River Steamship Corp. v. Transamerica Delaval, 476 U.S. 858 (1986)...... 825 Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel, 524 U.S. 498 (1998)...... 404, 1576, 1593, 1600–01, 1608, 2350 Eastern R.R. Presidents Conf. v. Noerr Motor Freight, 365 U.S. 127 (1961).... 1247, 1362, 1364 Eastland v. United States Servicemen’s Fund, 421 U.S. 491 (1975)...... 97, 111, 139–40 Eaton v. City of Tulsa, 416 U.S. 697 (1974)...... 1291 Eberle v. Michigan, 232 U.S. 700 (1914)...... 2113 Eberly v. Moore, 65 U.S. (24 How.) 147 (1861)...... 720 Eccles v. Peoples Bank, 333 U.S. 426 (1948)...... 761 Economy Light Co. v. United States, 256 U.S. 113 (1921)...... 187 Eddings v. Oklahoma, 455 U.S. 104 (1982)...... 1728–30, 1747 Edelman v. California, 344 U.S. 357 (1953)...... 818, 2019 Edelman v. Jordan, 415 U.S. 651 (1974)...... 1789, 1793, 1795–97, 1804, 1806–07, 2610 Edenﬁeld v. Fane, 507 U.S. 761 (1993)...... 1174, 1268, 1270–71, 2519 Edgar v. MITE Corp., 457 U.S. 624 (1982)...... 266, 2504 Edmond v. United States, 520 U.S. 651 (1997)...... 570, 572 Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co., 500 U.S. 614 (1991)...... 2077–79, 2140 Educational Films Corp. v. Ward, 282 U.S. 379 (1931)...... 1044 Edward J. DeBartolo Corp. v. Fla. Gulf Coast Bldg. & Constr. Trades Council, 485 U.S. 568 (1988)...... 801 Edwards v. Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578 (1987)...... 1076, 1106, 2512 Edwards v. Arizona, 451 U.S. 477 (1981)...... 1540, 1543–44, 1680–82, 1747 Edwards v. California, 314 U.S. 160 (1941)...... 263, 1834–35, 2206, 2438, 2606 Edwards v. Carter, 580 F.2d 1055 (D.C. Cir. 1978)...... 531 Edwards v. Cuba Railroad, 268 U.S. 628 (1925)...... 2265 Edwards v. Elliott, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 532 (1874)...... 1693 Edwards v. Kearzey, 96 U.S. 595 (1878)...... 439, 2372 Edwards v. Service Machine & Shipbuilding Corp., 449 U.S. 913 (1980)...... 2552 Edwards v. South Carolina, 372 U.S. 229 (1963)...... 1168, 1291, 1332, 1344–45 Edwards v. United States, 286 U.S. 482 (1932)...... 149 EEOC v. Wyoming, 460 U.S. 226 (1983)...... 1774 Effinger v. Kenney, 115 U.S. 566 (1885)...... 435, 2375 TABLE OF CASES 2661

Eichholz v. Public Service Comm’n, 306 U.S. 268 (1939)...... 180, 248 Eisenstadt v. Baird, 405 U.S. 438 (1972)...... 746, 1925–26, 2088, 2091, 2119, 2165, 2479 Eisentrager v. Forrestal, 174 F.2d 961 (D.C. Cir. 1949)...... 688, 710, 881 Eisner v. Macomber, 252 U.S. 189 (1920)...... 2260–63, 2321 El Paso & N.E. Ry. v. Gutierrez, 215 U.S. 87 (1909)...... 990, 2318 Eldred v. Ashcroft, 537 U.S. 186 (2003)...... 332, 338–39 Electric Bond Co. v. SEC, 303 U.S. 419 (1938)...... 203, 329, 761, 764 Elfbrandt v. Russell, 384 U.S. 11 (1966)...... 1207–08, 2467 Eli Lilly & Co. v. Sav-on Drugs, 366 U.S. 276 (1961)...... 247 Elk Grove Uniﬁed School District v. Newdow, 542 U.S. 1 (2004)...... 1127 Elk v. Wilkins, 112 U.S. 94 (1884)...... 1831 Elkins v. Moreno, 435 U.S. 647 (1978)...... 2015 Elkins v. United States, 364 U.S. 206 (1960)...... 1456–57, 1460–61, 2608 Elkison v. Deliesseline, 8 Fed. Cas. 493 (No. 4366) (C.C.D.S.C. 1823)...... 711 Ellerbee v. Aderhold, 5 F. Supp. 1022 (N.D. Ga. 1934)...... 2274 Ellis v. Brotherhood of Railway, Airline & Steamship Clerks, 466 U.S. 435 (1984)...... 1194 Ellis v. United States, 356 U.S. 674 (1958)...... 1670 Ellsberg v. Mitchell, 709 F.2d 51 (D.C. Cir. 1983)...... 591 Elrod v. Burns, 427 U.S. 347 (1976)...... 1190–91, 1223, 2161 Emblem v. Lincoln Land Co., 184 U.S. 660 (1902)...... 988–89 Embree v. Kansas City Road Dist., 240 U.S. 242 (1916)...... 80 Embry v. Palmer, 107 U.S. 3 (1883)...... 376, 383, 934, 963 Emert v. Missouri, 156 U.S. 296 (1895)...... 2114 Employees of the Dep’t of Pub. Health and Welfare v. Department of Pub. Health and Welfare, 411 U.S. 279 (1973)...... 1788–89, 1791–92, 1797, 1809 Employers Group v. National War Labor Bd., 143 F.2d 145 (D.C. Cir. 1944)...... 491 Employers’ Liability Assurance Co. v. Cook, 281 U.S. 233 (1930)...... 2571 Employers’ Liability Cases, 207 U.S. 463 (1908)...... 195, 1769, 2318 Employment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990)...... 1073, 1078, 1120, 1122, 1124, 1127, 1132–36, 1328, 2236 Empress Siderurgica v. County of Merced, 337 U.S. 154 (1947)...... 443 Emspak v. United States, 349 U.S. 190 (1955)...... 107, 1508, 1510 Endicott Co. v. Encyclopedia Press, 266 U.S. 285 (1924)...... 2000 Endicott Johnson Corp. v. Perkins, 317 U.S. 501 (1943)...... 706 Enelow v. New York Life Ins. Co., 293 U.S. 379 (1935)...... 1699, 2613 Engblom v. Carey, 677 F.2d 957 (2d Cir. 1982)...... 1373 Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962)...... 735, 1075, 1102 England v. Louisiana Bd. of Medical Examiners, 375 U.S. 411 (1964)...... 771, 895, 897, 1611 Engle v. Isaac, 456 U.S. 107 (1982)...... 893, 913–14 English v. General Electric Co., 496 U.S. 72 (1990)...... 274, 283 Engquist v. Oregon Department of Agriculture, 128 S. Ct. 2146 (2008)...... 2085 Enmund v. Florida, 458 U.S. 782 (1982)...... 1721–22, 1738–39, 1744, 2505 Enterprise Irrigation Dist. v. Farmers’ Mutual Canal Co., 243 U.S. 157 (1917)...... 817 Entick v. Carrington, 19 Howell’s State Trials 1029, 95 Eng. 807 (1705)... 1377–78, 1383, 1409 Entsminger v. Iowa, 386 U.S. 748 (1967)...... 2216 EPA v. Mink, 410 U.S. 73 (1973)...... 589 Epperson v. Arkansas, 393 U.S. 97 (1968)...... 757, 764, 1106, 1924, 2471 Equitable Life Assurance Society v. Brown, 187 U.S. 308 (1902)...... 963 Equitable Life Soc’y v. Pennsylvania, 238 U.S. 143 (1915)...... 1913 Erhardt v. Boaro, 113 U.S. 527 (1885)...... 91 Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89 (2007)...... 1757 Erie R.R. v. Collins, 253 U.S. 77 (1920)...... 2605 Erie R.R. v. Erie Transportation Co., 204 U.S. 220 (1907)...... 825 2662 TABLE OF CASES

Erie R.R. v. New York, 233 U.S. 671 (1914)...... 2564 Erie R.R. v. Solomon, 237 U.S. 427 (1915)...... 1873 Erie R.R. v. Szary, 253 U.S. 86 (1920)...... 2605 Erie R.R. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64 (1938)...... 413, 860–66, 2606 Erie R.R. v. Williams, 233 U.S. 685 (1914)...... 1839–40, 1852 Erie R.R. v. Winﬁeld, 244 U.S. 170 (1917)...... 2565 Erie v. Pap’s A.M. 529 U.S. 277 (2000)...... 1173, 1330 Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205 (1975)...... 1154, 1172, 1212, 1285, 1313, 1323, 1328, 2551 Escanaba Co. v. City of Chicago, 107 U.S. 678 (1883)...... 981, 984 Escobedo v. Illinois, 378 U.S. 478 (1964)...... 1534, 1536, 1680, 1686, 2609 Escoe v. Zerbst, 295 U.S. 490 (1935)...... 2057 Esenwein v. Commonwealth, 325 U.S. 279 (1945)...... 944–45 Eskridge v. Washington Prison Bd., 357 U.S. 214 (1958)...... 2216, 2453 Essex v. Wolman, 409 U.S. 808 (1972)...... 2481 Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc., 472 U.S. 703 (1985)...... 1112, 2510 Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97 (1976)...... 1757, 2080 Estelle v. McGuire, 502 U.S. 62 (1991)...... 714, 2041 Estelle v. Smith, 451 U.S. 454 (1981)...... 1510, 1541, 1546, 1685, 1724 Estelle v. Williams, 425 U.S. 501 (1976)...... 1750, 2016, 2030, 2035 Estep v. United States, 327 U.S. 114 (1946)...... 885 Estes v. Texas, 381 U.S. 532 (1965)...... 699, 1250, 1621, 1623, 2028–29 Estin v. Estin, 334 U.S. 541 (1948)...... 945–46, 948 Ettelson v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 317 U.S. 188 (1942)...... 2613 Ettor v. City of Tacoma, 228 U.S. 148 (1913)...... 417, 2392 Eu v. San Francisco County Democratic Central Comm., 489 U.S. 214 (1989)...... 1230, 2515 Eubank v. City of Richmond, 226 U.S. 137 (1912)...... 80, 1839, 1888, 2538 Eubanks v. Georgia, 385 U.S. 545 (1967)...... 2138 Eubanks v. Louisiana, 356 U.S. 584 (1958)...... 2018, 2137–38 Eunson v. Dodge, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 414 (1873)...... 332 Eureka Pipe Line Co. v. Hallanan, 257 U.S. 265 (1921)...... 196, 2404 Evans v. Abney, 396 U.S. 435 (1970)...... 2071, 2074, 2143 Evans v. Cornman, 398 U.S. 419 (1970)...... 377, 2184 Evans v. Eaton, 16 U.S. (3 Wheat.) 454 (1818)...... 335 Evans v. Gore, 253 U.S. 245 (1920)...... 157, 667–68, 2322, 2606, 2614 Evans v. Jordan, 13 U.S. (9 Cr.) 199 (1815)...... 332 Evans v. Michigan, 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–1327, slip op. (2013)...... 1490, 1493 Evans v. Newton, 382 U.S. 296 (1966)...... 2071, 2074, 2143 Evans v. Romer, 854 P.2d 1270 (Colo. 1993)...... 2211 Evans v. Stephens, 387 F.3d 1220 (11th Cir. 2004)...... 596, 599 Evco v. Jones, 409 U.S. 91 (1972)...... 2482 Evenwel v. Abbott, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–940, slip op. (2016)...... 2194 Everard’s Breweries v. Day, 265 U.S. 545 (1924)...... 1771 Everett v. Everett, 215 U.S. 203 (1909)...... 930 Evers v. Dwyer, 358 U.S. 202 (1958)...... 761 Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947)...... 735, 1064, 1073–74, 1080–82, 1087, 1093–95, 1101, 1112 Evitts v. Lucey, 469 U.S. 387 (1985)...... 1616, 2215, 2217 Ewing v. California, 538 U.S. 11 (2003)...... 1754 Ewing v. Mytinger & Casselberry, 339 U.S. 594 (1950)...... 1985 Ex parte Albert Levitt, 302 U.S. 633 (1937)...... 146 Ex parte Bain, 121 U.S. 1 (1887)...... 1478, 2612 Ex parte Bakelite Corp., 279 U.S. 438 (1929)...... 384, 674, 677–78, 681 TABLE OF CASES 2663

Ex parte Barry, 43 U.S. (2 How.) 65 (1844)...... 871 Ex parte Bigelow, 113 U.S. 328 (1885)...... 905 Ex parte Bollman, 8 U.S. (4 Cr.) 75 (1807)..... 386, 686, 709–11, 871, 874, 877, 920–22, 924–25 Ex parte Boyer, 109 U.S. 629 (1884)...... 828 Ex parte Burford, 7 U.S. (3 Cr.) 448 (1806)...... 874, 1389 Ex parte Burrus, 136 U.S. 586 (1890)...... 857 Ex parte Cabrera, 4 Fed. Cas. 964 (No. 2278) (C.C.D. Pa. 1805)...... 711 Ex parte Carll, 106 U.S. 521 (1883)...... 380 Ex parte Clarke, 100 U.S. 399 (1880)...... 129 Ex parte Collins, 277 U.S. 565 (1928)...... 898 Ex parte Curtis, 106 U.S. 371 (1882)...... 380, 573, 1213 Ex parte Dorr, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 103 (1845)...... 710–11 Ex parte Easton, 95 U.S. 68 (1877)...... 824 Ex parte Endo, 323 U.S. 283 (1944)...... 367 Ex parte Garland, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 333 (1867)...... 388, 391–92, 518–19, 687, 722, 1045, 1204, 2313 Ex parte Grossman, 267 U.S. 87 (1925)...... 518, 694 Ex parte Gruber, 269 U.S. 302 (1925)...... 819 Ex parte Hawk, 321 U.S. 114 (1914)...... 2031 Ex parte Hitz, 111 U.S. 766 (1884)...... 780 Ex parte Hull, 312 U.S. 546 (1941)...... 2050, 2053 Ex parte Jackson, 96 U.S. 727 (1878)...... 327, 329, 1570 Ex parte Lange, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 163 (1874)...... 905, 1483, 1495, 1497 Ex parte Levitt, 302 U.S. 633 (1937)...... 732, 871 Ex parte Madrazo, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 627 (1833)...... 1783 Ex parte McCardle, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 318 (1868)...... 874 Ex parte McCardle, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 506 (1869)...... 710, 875, 881 Ex parte McNiel, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 236 (1872)...... 446, 824, 829 Ex parte Merryman, 17 Fed. Cas. 144 (No. 9487) (C.C.D. Md. 1861)...... 385–86 Ex parte Milligan, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 2 (1866)...... 345, 347, 356–57, 363, 365–66, 386, 487, 506, 508–09 Ex parte Mooney, 10 Cal. 2d 1, 73 P.2d 554 (1937)...... 2031 Ex parte New York (No. 1), 256 U.S. 490 (1921)...... 1783, 1785–87, 1789 Ex parte Parks, 93 U.S. 18 (1876)...... 905 Ex parte Peru, 318 U.S. 578 (1943)...... 868 Ex parte Peterson, 253 U.S. 300 (1920)...... 687, 721, 1693 Ex parte Poresky, 290 U.S. 30 (1933)...... 1894 Ex parte Quirin, 317 U.S. 1 (1942)...... 343, 356, 368, 464, 504, 510–11, 1479 Ex parte Reed, 100 U.S. 13 (1879)...... 357 Ex parte Reggel, 114 U.S. 642 (1885)...... 978 Ex parte Robinson, 86 U.S. (19 Wall.) 505 (1874)...... 697, 706 Ex parte Royall, 117 U.S. 241 (1886)...... 714, 905, 910 Ex parte Secombe, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 9 (1857)...... 722 Ex parte Siebold, 100 U.S. 371 (1880)...... 127–29, 573, 905, 1048–49 Ex parte Simons, 247 U.S. 321 (1918)...... 1699 Ex parte Terry, 128 U.S. 289 (1888)...... 700 Ex parte Texas, 315 U.S. 8 (1942)...... 889 Ex parte United States, 242 U.S. 27 (1916)...... 517 Ex parte Vallandigham, 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 243 (1864)...... 507, 871 Ex parte Virginia, 100 U.S. 339 (1880)...... 1144, 2066, 2069, 2122, 2128, 2137, 2228 Ex parte Wall, 107 U.S. 265 (1883)...... 723, 1556 Ex parte Watkins, 28 U.S. (3 Pet.) 193 (1830)...... 905 Ex parte Watkins, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 568 (1833)...... 373, 905, 1713 2664 TABLE OF CASES

Ex parte Webb, 225 U.S. 663 (1912)...... 985 Ex parte William Wells, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 307 (1856)...... 517 Ex parte Wilson, 114 U.S. 417 (1885)...... 905, 1477 Ex parte Wisner, 203 U.S. 449 (1906)...... 2605 Ex parte Yarbrough, 110 U.S. 651 (1884)...... 116, 119, 127–29, 380, 477–78, 480, 1834, 2230, 2244, 2248–50, 2272 Ex parte Yerger, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 85 (1869)...... 357, 871, 881 Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123 (1908)...... 717, 853, 898–99, 1049, 1784, 1797, 1800–01, 1803, 1805–08, 2070, 2387 Examining Bd. v. Flores de Otero, 426 U.S. 572 (1976)...... 856, 894, 990, 2159 Executive Jet Aviation v. City of Cleveland, 409 U.S. 249 (1972)...... 825 Exon v. McCarthy, 429 U.S. 972 (1976)...... 2491 Express Co. v. Kountze Bros., 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 342 (1869)...... 383 Exxon Corp. v. Central Gulf Lines, Inc., 500 U.S. 603 (1991)...... 824, 2613 Exxon Corp. v. Department of Revenue, 447 U.S. 207 (1980)...... 1912 Exxon Corp. v. Eagerton, 462 U.S. 176 (1983)...... 283, 442, 2103, 2589 Exxon Corp. v. Governor of Maryland, 437 U.S. 117 (1978)...... 264, 267, 1847 Exxon Corp. v. Hunt, 475 U.S. 355 (1986)...... 275, 2591 Exxon Corp. v. Wis. Dep’t of Revenue, 447 U.S. 207 (1980)...... 254 Exxon Mobil Corp. v. Saudi Basic Industries Corp., 544 U.S. 280 (2005)...... 898 F F. W. Woolworth Co. v. N.M. Tax.& Revenue Dep’t...... 254 F.S. Royster Guano Co. v. Virginia, 253 U.S. 412 (1920)...... 2086, 2088–89, 2093, 2106, 2108 Fahey v. Mallonee, 332 U.S. 245 (1947)...... 78, 84–85, 94, 1985 Fahy v. Connecticut, 375 U.S. 85 (1963)...... 1532 Fair Assessment in Real Estate Ass’n v. McNary, 454 U.S. 100 (1981)...... 761, 893 Fair Haven R.R. v. New Haven, 203 U.S. 379 (1906)...... 423 Fairbank v. United States, 181 U.S. 283 (1901)...... 398, 2317 Fairchild v. Hughes, 258 U.S. 126 (1922)...... 1012 Fairfax’s Devisee v. Hunter’s Lessee, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 603 (1813)...... 538 Fairﬁeld v. County of Gallatin, 100 U.S. 47 (1879)...... 2604 Fairmont Co. v. Minnesota, 274 U.S. 1 (1927)...... 1876, 2416 Faitoute Co. v. City of Asbury Park, 316 U.S. 502 (1942)...... 415, 436 Fall v. Eastin, 215 U.S. 1 (1909)...... 932, 950 Fallbrook Irrigation Dist. v. Bradley, 164 U.S. 112 (1896)...... 1582, 1917 Fare v. Michael C., 442 U.S. 707 (1979)...... 1543, 1545, 2062 Faretta v. California, 422 U.S. 806 (1975)...... 1677, 2239 Fargo v. Hart, 193 U.S. 490 (1904)...... 1903 Fargo v. Michigan, 121 U.S. 230 (1887)...... 2377 Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825 (1994)...... 1758 Farmer v. Carpenters, 430 U.S. 290 (1977)...... 293 Farmers’ & Mechanics’ Nat. Bank v. Dearing, 91 U.S. 29 (1875)...... 325 Farmers & Merchants Bank v. Federal Reserve Bank, 262 U.S. 649 (1923)...... 404, 1878 Farmers’ and Mechanics’ Bank v. Smith, 19 U.S. (6 Wheat.) 131 (1821)...... 2363 Farmers Bank v. Minnesota, 232 U.S. 516 (1914)...... 2105, 2393 Farmers Loan Co. v. Minnesota, 280 U.S. 204 (1930)...... 1908, 2422, 2605 Farmers Union Co-op v. Commissioner, 90 F.2d 488 (8th Cir. 1937)...... 2264 Farmers Union v. WDAY, 360 U.S. 525 (1958)...... 1279 Farncomb v. Denver, 252 U.S. 7 (1920)...... 1921 Farrell v. Iowa, 418 U.S. 907 (1974)...... 1359 Farrington v. Tennessee, 95 U.S. 679 (1878)...... 2372 Faubus v. Aaron, 361 U.S. 197 (1959)...... 514, 2455 Faubus v. United States, 254 F.2d 797 (8th Cir. 1958)...... 514 TABLE OF CASES 2665

Fauntleroy v. Lum, 210 U.S. 230 (1908)...... 931, 933, 952 Fay v. New York, 332 U.S. 261 (1947)...... 1638 Fay v. Noia, 372 U.S. 391 (1963)...... 710, 714, 905–10, 912–13, 2609, 2613 FCC v. ABC, 347 U.S. 284 (1954)...... 1279 FCC v. Beach Communications, 508 U.S. 307 (1993)...... 1568, 2112 FCC v. Florida Power Corp., 480 U.S. 245 (1987)...... 1604 FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc., 556 U.S. ___, No. 07–582, slip op. (2009)...... 1282, 2020 FCC v. Fox, 567 U.S. ___, No. 10–1293, slip op. (2012)...... 2020 FCC v. League of Women Voters, 468 U.S. 364 (1984)...... 1258, 1281, 2338 FCC v. National Citizens Comm. for Broadcasting, 436 U.S. 775 (1978)...... 1278–79 FCC v. Paciﬁca Foundation, 438 U.S. 726 (1978)...... 1282, 1284, 1313, 1323–25 FCC v. Pottsville, 309 U.S. 134 (1940)...... 1279 FCC v. Sanders Brothers Radio Station, 309 U.S. 470 (1940)...... 754–56 FCC v. WJR, 337 U.S. 265 (1949)...... 1558 FDIC v. Mallen, 486 U.S. 230 (1988)...... 1982 FDIC v. Meyer, 510 U.S. 471 (1994)...... 810, 839 FEA v. Algonquin SNG, Inc., 426 U.S. 548 (1976)...... 93 FEC v. Akins, 524 U.S. 11 (1998)...... 733, 737, 745, 756 FEC v. Beaumont, 539 U.S. 146 (2003)...... 1241 FEC v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life, Inc., 479 U.S. 238 (1986)...... 1240–41, 2342 FEC v. National Conservative Political Action Comm., 470 U.S. 480 (1985)...... 1232, 2340 FEC v. National Right to Work Comm., 459 U.S. 197 (1982)...... 1232, 1239–41, 1245 Federal Baseball League v. National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, 259 U.S. 200 (1922)...... 178 Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, 127 S. Ct. 2652 (2007)...... 1243, 2356 Federal Land Bank v. Bismarck Lumber Co., 314 U.S. 95 (1941)...... 1042, 2572 Federal Land Bank v. Crosland, 261 U.S. 374 (1923)...... 2407 Federal Land Bank v. Kiowa County, 368 U.S. 146 (1961)...... 1043, 2580 Federal Land Bank v. Priddy, 295 U.S. 229 (1935)...... 838 Federal Maritime Commission v. South Carolina State Ports Authority, 535 U.S. 743 (2002)...... 1788 Federal Radio Comm’n v. General Elec. Co., 281 U.S. 464 (1930)...... 673, 678 Federal Radio Comm’n v. Nelson Bros. Bond & Mortgage Co., 289 U.S. 266 (1933)...... 85, 186, 1279 Fedorenko v. United States, 449 U.S. 490 (1981)...... 306 Feibelman v. Packard, 109 U.S. 421 (1883)...... 806 Feiner v. New York, 340 U.S. 315 (1951)...... 1160, 1291, 1336, 1344 Feist Publications v. Rural Telephone Service Co., 499 U.S. 340 (1991)...... 331 Felder v. Casey, 487 U.S. 131 (1988)...... 288, 812, 891–92, 1022, 2593 Feldman v. United States, 322 U.S. 487 (1944)...... 1516, 2608–09 Felker v. Turpin, 518 U.S. 651 (1996)...... 387, 711, 881, 916 Felkner v. Jackson, 562 U.S. ___, No. 10–797, slip op. (2011)...... 2140 Fellers v. United States, 540 U.S. 519 (2004)...... 1680 Felsenheld v. United States, 186 U.S. 126 (1902)...... 163 Feltner v. Columbia Pictures Television, 523 U.S. 340 (1998)...... 1695, 2342–43 Fenner v. Boykin, 271 U.S. 240 (1926)...... 900 FERC v. Mississippi, 456 U.S. 742 (1982)...... 892, 1026, 1049, 1774, 1776 Feres v. United States, 340 U.S. 135 (1950)...... 354 Ferguson v. City of Charleston, 532 U.S. 67 (2001)...... 1446 Ferguson v. Georgia, 365 U.S. 570 (1961)...... 1669, 2456 Ferguson v. Moore-McCormack Lines, 352 U.S. 521 (1957)...... 195, 1704–05 Ferguson v. Skrupa, 372 U.S. 726 (1963)...... 87, 1847, 1861, 1882, 2086, 2112, 2609 Fernandez v. California, 571 U.S. ___, No. 12–7822, slip op. (2014)...... 1435 2666 TABLE OF CASES

Fernandez v. Wiener, 326 U.S. 340 (1945)...... 162, 396, 1573, 1771 Ferry v. Corbett, 258 U.S. 609 (1922)...... 974 Ferry v. Spokane, P. & S. Ry., 258 U.S. 314 (1922)...... 974, 1835 Fertilizing Co. v. Hyde Park, 97 U.S. 659 (1878)...... 425 FHA v. Burr, 309 U.S. 242 (1940)...... 843 FHA v. The Darlington, Inc., 358 U.S. 84 (1958)...... 1576 Fiallo v. Bell, 430 U.S. 787 (1977)...... 313, 1569, 2157 Fidelity & Columbia Trust Co. v. Louisville, 245 U.S. 54 (1917)...... 1904 Fidelity & Deposit Co. of Md. v. United States, 187 U.S. 315 (1902)...... 1702 Fidelity & Deposit Co. v. Tafoya, 270 U.S. 426 (1926)...... 2414 Fidelity Fed. Savings & Loan Ass’n v. de la Cuesta, 458 U.S. 141 (1982)...... 88, 274–75, 285, 2588 Fidelity Nat’l Bank & Trust Co. v. Swope, 274 U.S. 123 (1927)...... 691–92, 759 Fidelity Union Trust Co., v. Field, 311 U.S. 169 (1940)...... 863 Field v. Clark, 143 U.S. 649 (1892)...... 67, 75, 79, 82, 88, 93, 136–37, 550, 781 Field v. Seabury, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 323 (1857)...... 988 Fields v. Askew, 279 So. 2d 822 (Fla. 1973)...... 1179 Fields v. South Carolina, 375 U.S. 44 (1963)...... 1344 Fifth Ave. Coach Co. v. New York, 221 U.S. 467 (1911)...... 2112 Fikes v. Alabama, 352 U.S. 191 (1957)...... 1531 Filer & Stowell Co. v. Diamond Iron Works, 270 F. 489 (2d Cir. 1921)...... 1695 Finch & Co. v. McKittrick, 305 U.S. 395 (1939)...... 2286 Finch v. United States, 433 U.S. 676 (1977)...... 1492 Fink v. O’Neil, 106 U.S. 272 (1882)...... 718 Finley v. United States, 490 U.S. 545 (1989)...... 813 Fiore v. White, 528 U.S. 23 (1999)...... 2036 Firemen v. Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry. 393 U.S. 129 (1968)...... 2114 Firestone v. Let’s Help Florida, 454 U.S. 1130 (1982)...... 2502 First Bank Corp. v. Minnesota, 301 U.S. 234 (1937)...... 1904 First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles, 482 U.S. 304 (1987)...... 1608 First Iowa Hydro-Electric Coop. v. FPC, 328 U.S. 152 (1946)...... 289, 2573 First National Bank v. Follows ex rel. Union Trust Co., 244 U.S. 416 (1917)...... 382 First National City Bank v. Banco Nacional de Cuba, 406 U.S. 759 (1972)...... 611, 781 First Nat’l Bank of Boston v. Bellotti, 435 U.S. 765 (1978)...... 1065–66, 1145–48, 1193, 1229, 1238–40, 1244, 1285, 1838 First Nat’l Bank v. Adams, 258 U.S. 362 (1922)...... 1042 First Nat’l Bank v. Anderson, 269 U.S. 341 (1926)...... 2568 First Nat’l Bank v. Bartow County Tax Assessors, 470 U.S. 583 (1985)...... 1035 First Nat’l Bank v. Bellotti, 435 U.S. 765 (1978)...... 2495 First Nat’l Bank v. California, 262 U.S. 366 (1923)...... 2567 First Nat’l Bank v. County of Yankton, 101 U.S. 129 (1880)...... 990 First Nat’l Bank v. Hartford, 273 U.S. 548 (1927)...... 2569 First Nat’l Bank v. Maine, 284 U.S. 312 (1932)...... 1908, 2426, 2606 First Nat’l Bank v. Tax Comm’n, 289 U.S. 60 (1933)...... 2102 First Nat’l Bank v. United Air Lines, 342 U.S. 396 (1952)...... 955, 2448 First Nat’l City Bank v. Banco Para el Comercio de Cuba, 462 U.S. 611 (1983)...... 781 First Unitarian Church v. City of Los Angeles, 357 U.S. 545 (1958)...... 2454 Fischer v. St. Louis, 194 U.S. 361 (1904)...... 1887, 2117 Fisher v. Baker, 203 U.S. 174 (1906)...... 386 Fisher v. Hurst, 333 U.S. 147 (1948)...... 889 Fisher v. United States, 425 U.S. 391 (1976)...... 1409–10, 1511, 1520, 1943–44 Fisher v. Univ. of Tex. at Austin, 579 U.S. ___, No. 14–981, slip op. (2016)...... 2153–55 TABLE OF CASES 2667

Fisher v. Univ. of Texas at Austin, 570 U.S. ___, No. 11–345, slip op. (2013)...... 2153–54 Fisher’s Blend Station v. State Tax Comm’n, 297 U.S. 650 (1936)...... 186, 2433 Fisk v. Jefferson Police Jury, 116 U.S. 131 (1885)...... 416, 435, 2376 Fiske v. Kansas, 274 U.S. 380 (1927)...... 1064, 1143, 1159, 2417 Fiswick v. United States, 329 U.S. 211 (1946)...... 767 Fitts v. McGhee, 172 U.S. 516 (1899)...... 1803 Fitzgerald v. Racing Ass’n of Central Iowa, 539 U.S. 103 (2003)...... 2103–04 Fitzgerald v. United States Lines Co., 374 U.S. 16 (1963)...... 813, 827–28, 1696 Fitzpatrick v. Bitzer, 427 U.S. 445 (1976)...... 1026, 1774, 1790, 1792, 1796, 1798, 2236 Fitzpatrick v. United States, 178 U.S. 304 (1900)...... 1513 Flagg Bros. v. Brooks, 436 U.S. 149 (1978)...... 1982, 2066, 2076–77, 2080 Flanagan v. Federal Coal Co., 267 U.S. 222 (1925)...... 2411 Flast v. Cohen, 392 U.S. 83 (1968)...... 168–69, 725–26, 730–31, 733–35, 754 Flaxer v. United States, 358 U.S. 147 (1958)...... 101, 104, 111 Fleming v. Mohawk Wrecking & Lumber Co., 331 U.S. 111 (1947)...... 360, 369 Fleming v. Page, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 603 (1850)...... 487, 503–04 Fleming v. Rhodes, 331 U.S. 100 (1947)...... 1576 Flemming v. Nestor, 363 U.S. 603 (1960)...... 392, 799, 1203, 1969 Fletcher v. Peck, 10 U.S. (6 Cr.) 87 (1810)...... 419–20, 422, 432, 729, 794, 800–01, 1845, 2362 Flexner v. Farson, 248 U.S. 289 (1919)...... 1988, 2401 Flint v. Stone Tracy Co., 220 U.S. 107 (1911)...... 137, 149, 158, 395, 781, 1572, 2260 Flippo v. West Virginia, 528 U.S. 11 (1999)...... 1425 Flood v. Kuhn, 407 U.S. 258 (1972)...... 178, 803 Florence v. Board of Chosen Freeholders, 566 U.S. ___, No. 10–945, slip op. (2012)...... 1441 Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc., 515 U.S. 618 (1995)...... 1267, 1269, 1271, 1275 Florida Dep’t of Health v. Florida Nursing Home Ass’n, 450 U.S. 147 (1981)...... 1794–95 Florida Dep’t of State v. Treasure Salvors, 458 U.S. 670 (1982)...... 1787, 1803–04, 1809 Florida Lime & Avocado Growers v. Paul, 373 U.S. 132 (1963)...... 274, 282, 286 Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Edu. Expense Bd. v. College Savings Bank, 527 U.S. 627 (1999)...... 2351 Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Educ. Expense Bd. v. College Savings Bank, 527 U.S. 627 (1999)...... 1798, 2236 Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Educ. Expense Board v. College Savings Bank...... 2236 Florida v. Bostick, 501 U.S. 429 (1991)...... 1419 Florida v. Harris, 568 U.S. ___, No. 11–817, slip op. (2013)...... 1404, 1428 Florida v. J.L., 529 U.S. 266 (2000)...... 1417 Florida v. Jardines, 569 U.S. ___, No. 11–564, slip op. (2013)...... 1388–89 Florida v. Jimeno, 500 U.S. 248 (1991)...... 1432, 1434 Florida v. Mellon, 273 U.S. 12 (1927)...... 162, 847, 850, 853 Florida v. Nixon, 543 U.S. 175 (2004)...... 1676 Florida v. Powell, 559 U.S. ___, No. 08–1175, slip op. (2010)...... 1537, 1542 Florida v. Riley, 488 U.S. 445 (1989)...... 1437 Florida v. Royer, 460 U.S. 491 (1983)...... 1418, 1420 Florida v. Thomas, 532 U.S. 774 (2001)...... 815 Florida v. Wells, 495 U.S. 1 (1990)...... 1426 Florida v. White, 526 U.S. 559 (1999)...... 1430 Flower v. United States, 407 U.S. 197 (1972)...... 353 Flynt v. Ohio, 451 U.S. 619 (1981)...... 815 FMC Corp. v. Holliday, 498 U.S. 52 (1990)...... 273, 277–78, 2594 FMC v. Anglo-Canadian Shipping Co., 335 F.2d 255 (9th Cir. 1964)...... 1966 Foley v. Connelie, 435 U.S. 291 (1978)...... 2092, 2159–60 Follett v. Town of McCormick, 321 U.S. 573 (1944)...... 1126, 1149, 1276, 2545 Fong Foo v. United States, 369 U.S. 141 (1962)...... 1490–92 2668 TABLE OF CASES

Fong Yue Ting v. United States, 149 U.S. 698 (1893)...... 75, 302, 313, 532, 602, 634 Foote v. Maryland, 232 U.S. 495 (1914)...... 2393 Forbes Pioneer Boat Line v. Everglades Drainage Dist., 258 U.S. 338 (1922)...... 2406 Ford & Son v. Little Falls Co., 280 U.S. 369 (1930)...... 187 Ford Motor Co. v. Department of Treasury of Indiana, 323 U.S. 459 (1945)...... 1789, 1793–94, 1796, 1805–06, 2614 Ford v. Delta and Pine Land Company, 164 U.S. 662 (1897)...... 427 Ford v. Ford, 371 U.S. 187 (1962)...... 948 Ford v. Georgia, 498 U.S. 411 (1991)...... 817 Ford v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 399 (1986)...... 1630, 1739–41, 2043 Foremost Ins. Co. v. Richardson, 457 U.S. 668 (1982)...... 825 Forman v. United States, 361 U.S. 416 (1960)...... 2612 Forssenius v. Harman, 235 F. Supp. 66 (E.D.Va. 1964)...... 2272 Forsyth County v. Nationalist Movement, 505 U.S. 123 (1992)...... 1335–36 Forsyth v. City of Hammond, 166 U.S. 506 (1897)...... 780, 992 Fort Gratiot Sanitary Landﬁll, Inc. v. Michigan Nat. Resources Dep’t, 504 U.S. 353 (1992)...... 237, 249, 261, 2518 Fort Halifax Packing Co. v. Coyne, 482 U.S. 1 (1987)...... 278 Fort Leavenworth R.R. v. Lowe, 114 U.S. 525 (1885)...... 378, 540 Fort Smith Traction Co. v. Bourland, 267 U.S. 330 (1925)...... 1871 Fort Wayne Books, Inc. v. Indiana, 489 U.S. 46 (1989)...... 815, 1154 Fortnightly Corp. v. United Artists Television, Inc., 392 U.S. 390 (1968)...... 337 Fortson v. Dorsey, 379 U.S. 433 (1965)...... 2201 Fortson v. Morris, 385 U.S. 231 (1966)...... 2186 Foster v. California, 394 U.S. 440 (1969)...... 1685, 2026–27 Foster v. Chatman, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–8349, slip op. (2016)...... 2140 Foster v. Davenport, 63 U.S. (22 How.) 244 (1860)...... 2560 Foster v. Illinois, 332 U.S. 134 (1947)...... 1664 Foster v. Kansas, 112 U.S. 201 (1884)...... 2015 Foster v. Love, 522 U.S. 67 (1997)...... 2596 Foster v. Masters of New Orleans, 94 U.S. 246 (1877)...... 2372 Foster v. Neilson, 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 253 (1829)...... 524, 529, 532–34, 546, 608–09 Foster-Fountain Packing Co. v. Haydel, 278 U.S. 1 (1928)...... 260, 1886, 2420 Foucha v. Louisiana, 504 U.S. 71 (1992)...... 1956, 2043, 2518 Fourteen Diamond Rings v. United States, 183 U.S. 176 (1901)...... 523 Fowler v. Lindsey, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 411 (1799)...... 844 Fowler v. Rhode Island, 345 U.S. 67 (1953)...... 1127, 2547 Fowler v. Wilkinson, 353 U.S. 583 (1957)...... 358 Fox Film Corp. v. Doyal, 286 U.S. 123 (1932)...... 339, 1043, 2605 Fox Film Corp. v. Muller, 296 U.S. 207 (1935)...... 816 Fox v. Ohio, 46 U.S. (5 How.) 410 (1847)...... 325, 1059, 1481 Fox v. Standard Oil Co., 294 U.S. 87 (1935)...... 1896, 2103 Fox v. Washington, 236 U.S. 273 (1915)...... 1156 FPC v. East Ohio Gas Co., 338 U.S. 464 (1950)...... 196 FPC v. Hope Natural Gas Co., 320 U.S. 591 (1944)...... 78, 1564, 1570, 1866–68, 2607 FPC v. Natural Gas Pipeline Co., 315 U.S. 575 (1941)...... 1564 FPC v. Natural Gas Pipeline Co., 315 U.S. 575 (1942)...... 196, 1564, 1570, 1867 FPC v. New England Power Co., 415 U.S. 345 (1974)...... 93 Franchise Tax Bd. of Cal. v. Hyatt (Franchise Tax Bd. II), 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–1175, slip op. (2016)...... 954, 983 Franchise Tax Bd. of Cal. v. Hyatt, 538 U.S. 488 (2003)...... 953–54 Franchise Tax Bd. of Cal. v. Hyatt, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–1175, slip op. (2016)...... 2533 Franchise Tax Bd. v. Construction Laborers Vacation Trust, 463 U.S. 1 (1983)...... 277, 806 TABLE OF CASES 2669

Franchise Tax Bd. v. United Americans, 419 U.S. 890 (1974)...... 2487 Franchise Tax Board v. Hyatt, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–1175, slip op. (2016)...... 1791, 2533 Francis v. Franklin, 471 U.S. 307 (1985)...... 2029 Francis v. Henderson, 425 U.S. 536 (1976)...... 893, 910, 913 Frank v. Mangum, 237 U.S. 309 (1915)...... 406, 905, 910, 1640, 2028, 2049–50 Frank v. Maryland, 359 U.S. 360 (1959)...... 1393–94, 2609 Frank v. United States, 395 U.S. 147 (1969)...... 1629 Franklin Nat’l Bank v. New York, 347 U.S. 373 (1954)...... 1032, 2577 Franklin v. Lynaugh, 487 U.S. 164 (1988)...... 1730 Franklin v. Massachusetts, 505 U.S. 788 (1992)...... 123, 638–39 Franks v. Bowman Transp. Co., 424 U.S. 747 (1976)...... 766, 769 Franks v. Delaware, 438 U.S. 154 (1978)...... 1399 Frasch v. Moore, 211 U.S. 1 (1908)...... 691 Frazee v. Illinois Dep’t of Employment Security, 489 U.S. 829 (1989)...... 1130 Frazier v. Culp, 394 U.S. 731 (1969)...... 1384, 1434 Frazier v. Heebe, 482 U.S. 641 (1987)...... 722 Frazier v. United States, 335 U.S. 497 (1948)...... 1639 Frederickson v. Louisiana, 64 U.S. (23 How.) 445 (1860)...... 538 Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Bd., 561 U.S. ___, No. 08–861, slip op. (2010)...... 586, 2356–57 Free v. Bland, 369 U.S. 663 (1962)...... 274, 326, 866, 892, 1033, 2581 Freeborn v. Smith, 69 U.S. (2 Wall.) 160 (1865)...... 985 Freedman v. Maryland, 380 U.S. 51 (1965)...... 1154, 1334–35, 2465 Freeman v. Hewit, 329 U.S. 249 (1946)...... 237, 242, 246, 250, 2436 Freeman v. Howe, 65 U.S. (24 How.) 450 (1861)...... 717, 813 Freightliner Corp. v. Myrick, 514 U.S. 280 (1995)...... 280 French v. Barber Asphalt Paving Co., 181 U.S. 324 (1901)...... 1554, 1841, 1917 Frew v. Hawkins, 540 U.S. 431 (2004)...... 1796, 1805 Freytag v. Commissioner, 501 U.S. 868 (1991)...... 69, 483, 567, 569–73, 670 Frick v. Pennsylvania, 268 U.S. 473 (1925)...... 1901, 1907, 2412 Frick v. Webb, 263 U.S. 326 (1923)...... 2158 Friedlander v. Texas & Pac. Ry., 130 U.S. 416 (1889)...... 2605 Friedman v. Rogers, 440 U.S. 1 (1979)...... 1268–69, 2111 Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–915, slip op. (2016)...... 1196 Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Envtl. Servs., 528 U.S. 167 (2000)...... 738, 744, 768–69 Frisbie v. Collins, 342 U.S. 519 (1952)...... 1392 Frisby v. Schultz, 487 U.S. 474 (1988)...... 1173, 1332, 1340, 1345, 1349 Frohwerk v. United States, 249 U.S. 204 (1919)...... 366, 1157 Frontiero v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677 (1973)...... 353, 1568, 2092, 2166, 2168, 2170, 2335 Frost Trucking Co. v. Railroad Comm’n, 271 U.S. 583 (1926)...... 1893, 2414 Frost v. Corporation Comm’n, 278 U.S. 515 (1929)...... 736, 2421 Frothingham v. Mellon, 262 U.S. 447 (1923)...... 168 Fry v. Pliler, 551 U.S. 112 (2007)...... 1513, 1749 Fry v. United States, 421 U.S. 542 (1975)...... 221, 1025–27, 1767 Ft. Smith Co. v. Paving Dist., 274 U.S. 387 (1927)...... 2113 FTC v. Bunte Bros., 312 U.S. 349 (1941)...... 204 FTC v. Gratz, 253 U.S. 421 (1920)...... 85 FTC v. Grolier, Inc., 462 U.S. 19 (1983)...... 589 FTC v. Superior Court Trial Lawyers Ass’n, 493 U.S. 411 (1990)...... 1347 Fuentes v. Shevin, 407 U.S. 67 (1972)...... 1961–62, 1968, 1981, 1985, 2480, 2611 Fugate v. Potomac Electric Power Co., 409 U.S. 942 (1972)...... 2481 Fuller v. Oregon, 417 U.S. 40 (1974)...... 2120, 2217 2670 TABLE OF CASES

Fullilove v. Klutznick, 448 U.S. 448 (1980)...... 170–71, 1774, 2090, 2148, 2151–52, 2235, 2614 Fulton Corp. v. Faulkner, 516 U.S. 325 (1996)...... 256–57, 2521, 2614 Funk Bros. Seed Co. v. Kalo Co., 333 U.S. 127 (1948)...... 333 Funk v. United States, 290 U.S. 371 (1933)...... 2605 Furman v. Georgia, 408 U.S. 238 (1972)...... 89, 408, 1715, 1717–18, 1720–24, 1727–28, 1744, 2481 Furman v. Nichol, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 44 (1869)...... 2368 Furnco Const. Co. v. Waters, 438 U.S. 567 (1978)...... 2097 Furst v. Brewster, 282 U.S. 493 (1931)...... 2424 FW/PBS, Inc. v. City of Dallas, 493 U.S. 215 (1990)...... 1154, 1328, 2555 G G.D. Searle & Co. v. Cohn, 455 U.S. 404 (1982)...... 2005 G.M. Leasing Corp. v. United States, 429 U.S. 338 (1977)...... 1381, 1414 Gaddis v. Wyman, 304 F. Supp. 717 (N.D.N.Y. 1969)...... 2207 Gade v. National Solid Wastes Mgmt. Ass’n, 505 U.S. 88 (1992)...... 273–74, 282, 2595 Gaffney v. Cummings, 412 U.S. 735 (1973)...... 2195–96, 2198 Gagnon v. Scarpelli, 411 U.S. 778 (1973)...... 1967, 1977, 2059, 2483 Gagnon v. United States, 193 U.S. 451 (1904)...... 721 Gaines v. Fuentes, 92 U.S. 10 (1876)...... 717 Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market, 366 U.S. 617 (1961)...... 1111, 2115 Gallegos v. Colorado, 370 U.S. 49 (1962)...... 1531 Gallegos v. Nebraska, 342 U.S. 55 (1951)...... 1528, 1548 Galloway v. United States, 319 U.S. 372 (1943)...... 1695, 1703 Galpin v. Page, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 350 (1874)...... 935 Galvan v. Press, 347 U.S. 522 (1954)...... 305, 313, 1201 Galveston Elec. Co. v. Galveston, 258 U.S. 388 (1922)...... 1867 Galveston, H. & S.A. Ry. v. Texas, 210 U.S. 217 (1908)...... 2387 Gambino v. United States, 275 U.S. 310 (1927)...... 1456 Games v. Dunn, 39 U.S. (14 Pet.) 322 (1840)...... 1701 Gange Lumber Co. v. Rowley, 326 U.S. 295 (1945)...... 2011 Gannett Co. v. DePasquale, 443 U.S. 368 (1979)...... 1250–51, 1253, 1621, 1623 Gant v. Oklahoma City, 289 U.S. 98 (1933)...... 1884 Garcetti v. Ceballos, 547 U.S. 410 (2006)...... 1218, 1221–23, 1263 Garcia v. Lee, 37 U.S. (12 Pet.) 511 (1838)...... 780 Garcia v. San Antonio Metro. Transit Auth., 469 U.S. 528 (1985).. 182, 210, 1027–30, 1773–76, 2612 Gardner v. Broderick, 392 U.S. 273 (1968)...... 1512, 1516, 1519 Gardner v. California, 393 U.S. 367 (1969)...... 2216 Gardner v. Florida, 430 U.S. 349 (1977)...... 1718, 2046 Gardner v. The Collector, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 499 (1868)...... 149, 781 Gardner v. Toilet Goods Ass’n, Inc., 387 U.S. 167 (1967)...... 755, 764 Garland v. Washington, 232 U.S. 642 (1914)...... 2605 Garner v. Board of Pub. Works, 341 U.S. 716 (1951)...... 404, 1205, 1216–17 Garner v. Jones, 529 U.S. 244 (2000)...... 408 Garner v. Louisiana, 368 U.S. 157 (1961)...... 1164, 1340, 1357, 2036 Garner v. Teamsters Local 776, 346 U.S. 485 (1953)...... 291 Garner v. United States, 424 U.S. 648 (1976)...... 1508, 1521 Garrett v. Moore-McCormack Co., 317 U.S. 239 (1942)...... 833 Garrett v. United States, 471 U.S. 773 (1985)...... 1501, 1504 Garrison v. Louisiana, 379 U.S. 64 (1964)...... 1290, 1298–99, 1303, 2465 Garrison v. New York, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 196 (1875)...... 431 Garrity v. New Jersey, 385 U.S. 493 (1967)...... 1512, 1516–17, 1519 Gasoline Products Co. v. Champlin Ref. Co., 283 U.S. 494 (1931)...... 1693 TABLE OF CASES 2671

Gasperini v. Center for Humanities, Inc., 518 U.S. 415 (1996)...... 865, 1694, 1702 Gasquet v. Fenner, 247 U.S. 16 (1918)...... 950 Gasquet v. Lapeyre, 242 U.S. 367 (1917)...... 385 Gast Realty Co. v. Schneider Granite Co., 240 U.S. 55 (1916)...... 2539 Gastelum-Quinones v. Kennedy, 374 U.S. 469 (1963)...... 1201 Gaston County v. United States, 395 U.S. 285 (1969)...... 2252 Gavieres v. United States, 220 U.S. 338 (1911)...... 1500 Gay Men’s Health Crisis v. Sullivan, 792 F. Supp. 278 (S.D.N.Y. 1992)...... 1259 Gayes v. New York, 332 U.S. 145 (1947)...... 1664 Gayle v. Browder, 352 U.S. 903 (1956)...... 2142, 2453, 2608 Gazzam v. Phillip’s Lessee, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 372 (1858)...... 2603 Gebhart v. Belton, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)...... 2451 Geders v. United States, 425 U.S. 80 (1976)...... 1668–69 Geduldig v. Aiello, 417 U.S. 484 (1974)...... 2175 Gee Wah Lee v. United States, 25 F.2d 107 (5th Cir. 1928)...... 1695 Geer v. Connecticut, 161 U.S. 519 (1896)...... 260, 971–72, 1886, 2612 Geier v. American Honda Motor Co. 529 U.S. 861 (2000)...... 280–81, 287 Gelbard v. United States, 408 U.S. 41 (1972)...... 1475, 1478 Gelfert v. National City Bank, 313 U.S. 221 (1941)...... 440 Gelling v. Texas, 343 U.S. 960 (1952)...... 2547 Gelpcke v. City of Debuque, 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 175 (1865)...... 860 Gelpcke v. Dubuque, 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 175 (1865)...... 411–13 General American Investors Co. v. Commissioner, 348 U.S. 434 (1955)...... 2265 General Atomic Co. v. Felter, 436 U.S. 493 (1978)...... 889 General Building Contractors Ass’n v. Pennsylvania, 458 U.S. 375 (1982)...... 2097 General Electric Co. v. Gilbert, 429 U.S. 125 (1976)...... 2097, 2165 General Electric Co. v. Washington, 347 U.S. 909 (1954)...... 2576 General Investment Co. v. Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Ry., 260 U.S. 261 (1922)...... 888 General Investment Co. v. New York Central R.R., 271 U.S. 228 (1926)...... 686 General Motors Corp. v. Tracy, 519 U.S. 278 (1997)...... 257 General Motors Corp. v. Washington, 377 U.S. 436 (1964)...... 246, 253 General Railway Signal Co. v. Virginia, 246 U.S. 500 (1918)...... 178 Genesis Healthcare Corp. v. Symczyk, 569 U.S. ___, No. 11–1059, slip op. (2013)...... 770–71 Genessee Chief v. Fitzhugh, 53 U.S. (12 How.) 443 (1851)...... 828 Gentile v. State Bar of Nevada, 501 U.S. 1030 (1991)...... 700, 1171, 1250 Geofroy v. Riggs, 133 U.S. 258 (1890)...... 375, 527, 536, 539–40 George Campbell Painting Corp. v. Reid, 392 U.S. 286 (1968)...... 1509 Georges v. McClellan, 409 U.S. 1120 (1973)...... 2482 Georgia R.R. & Banking Co. v. Redwine, 342 U.S. 299 (1952)...... 430, 1803 Georgia Ry. & Electric Co. v. City of Decatur, 295 U.S. 165 (1935)...... 1597, 2431 Georgia Ry. & Electric Co. v. City of Decatur, 297 U.S. 620 (1936)...... 1597 Georgia Ry. v. College Park, 262 U.S. 441 (1923)...... 2408 Georgia Ry. v. Railroad Comm’n, 262 U.S. 625 (1923)...... 1865 Georgia Ry. v. Town of Decatur, 262 U.S. 432 (1923)...... 428, 2408 Georgia v. Brailsford, 2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 402 (1792)...... 870 Georgia v. Cincinnati So. Ry., 248 U.S. 26 (1918)...... 2400 Georgia v. Evans, 316 U.S. 159 (1942)...... 851 Georgia v. McCollum, 505 U.S. 42 (1992)...... 1645, 1672, 2078–79, 2140 Georgia v. Pennsylvania R. Co., 324 U.S. 439 (1945)...... 750, 851–53 Georgia v. Rachel, 384 U.S. 780 (1966)...... 809, 918, 2228 Georgia v. Randolph, 547 U.S. 103 (2006)...... 1434 Georgia v. South Carolina, 497 U.S. 336 (1990)...... 844 2672 TABLE OF CASES

Georgia v. Stanton, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 50 (1867)...... 639, 757, 778, 853, 992 Georgia v. Tennessee Copper Co., 206 U.S. 230 (1907)...... 750, 852 Georgia v. United States, 411 U.S. 526 (1973)...... 2251 Gerace v. Grocery Mfrs. of America, 474 U.S. 801 (1985)...... 2591 Gerende v. Board of Supervisors of Elections, 341 U.S. 56 (1951)...... 1205 German Alliance Ins. Co. v. Kansas, 233 U.S. 389 (1914)...... 1860, 1879–80, 2113 German Savings Soc’y v. Dormitzer, 192 U.S. 125 (1904)...... 938 Gerstein v. Coe, 428 U.S. 901 (1976)...... 2491 Gerstein v. Pugh, 420 U.S. 103 (1975)...... 769, 1390 Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 (1974)...... 1147, 1300, 1302–04, 1306–07 Giaccio v. Pennsylvania, 382 U.S. 399 (1966)...... 2008, 2018, 2466 Giacobbe v. Andrews, 459 U.S. 801 (1982)...... 2553 Gibbes v. Zimmerman, 290 U.S. 326 (1933)...... 1878, 1895 Gibbons v. Ogden, 22 U.S. (9 Wheat.) 1 (1824)...... 176–77, 179–82, 185, 203, 209, 213, 217, 232–33, 248, 271, 887, 889, 1017–19, 1022, 1044, 1839, 2559 Gibbons v. United States, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 269 (1869)...... 838 Gibbs v. Burke, 337 U.S. 772 (1949)...... 1664 Giboney v. Empire Storage & Ice Co., 336 U.S. 490 (1949)...... 1343, 1858 Gibson v. Berryhill, 411 U.S. 564 (1973)...... 1963 Gibson v. Board of Pub. Instruction, 272 F.2d 763 (5th Cir. 1959)...... 2125 Gibson v. Chouteau, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 92 (1872)...... 988–89, 2369 Gibson v. Florida Legislative Investigation Committee, 372 U.S. 539 (1963)..... 109, 1167, 1209 Gibson v. Lyon, 115 U.S. 439 (1885)...... 963 Gibson v. Mississippi, 162 U.S. 565 (1896)...... 409, 918 Gibson v. United States, 166 U.S. 269 (1897)...... 187, 1596 Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963)...... 1060, 1065, 1663–66, 1679, 2459, 2608 Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972)...... 2031 Gilbert v. California, 388 U.S. 263 (1967)...... 1683–86, 2027 Gilbert v. Homar, 520 U.S. 924 (1997)...... 1982 Gilbert v. Minnesota, 254 U.S. 325 (1920)...... 366, 1142 Giles v. California, 128 S. Ct. 2678 (2008)...... 1655 Giles v. Harris, 189 U.S. 475 (1903)...... 757, 2250 Giles v. Little, 104 U.S. 291 (1881)...... 2605 Giles v. Maryland, 386 U.S. 66 (1967)...... 2033 Gilﬁllan v. Union Canal Co., 109 U.S. 401 (1883)...... 435 Gillespie v. Oklahoma, 257 U.S. 501 (1922)...... 1044, 2405, 2606 Gillespie v. United States Steel Corp., 379 U.S. 148 (1964)...... 834–35 Gillette v. United States, 401 U.S. 437 (1971)...... 1112, 1122, 1128 Gilligan v. Morgan, 413 U.S. 1 (1973)...... 353, 371, 786, 1014 Gilman v. Philadelphia, 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 713 (1866)...... 187–88 Gilmore v. City of Montgomery, 417 U.S. 556 (1974)...... 2081–82 Ginsberg v. New York, 390 U.S. 629 (1968)...... 767, 1172, 1174, 1224, 1313, 1325 Ginzburg v. United States, 383 U.S. 463 (1966)...... 406, 1265, 1314 Giordenello v. United States, 357 U.S. 480 (1958)...... 1390, 1399, 1401 Giozza v. Tiernan, 148 U.S. 657 (1893)...... 1835, 2104 Girouard v. United States, 328 U.S. 61 (1946)...... 306, 1128, 2607 Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925)...... 1062, 1064, 1143, 1157, 1197 Given v. Wright, 117 U.S. 648 (1886)...... 421 Givens v. Zerbst, 255 U.S. 11 (1921)...... 504 Givhan v. Western Line Consol. Sch. Dist., 439 U.S. 410 (1979)...... 1217–18, 1220–21 Gladson v. Minnesota, 166 U.S. 427 (1897)...... 247, 330, 1871 Gladstone Realtors v. Village of Bellwood, 441 U.S. 91 (1979)...... 737, 744–45, 756 Glasgow v. Moyer, 225 U.S. 420 (1912)...... 714, 905 TABLE OF CASES 2673

Glasser v. United States, 315 U.S. 60 (1942)...... 1638, 1668–70 Gleason v. Seaboard Ry., 278 U.S. 349, 357 (1929)...... 2605 Glenn v. Field Packing Co., 290 U.S. 177 (1933)...... 1804 Glenn v. Garth, 147 U.S. 360 (1893)...... 953 Glickman v. Wileman Bros. & Elliott, Inc., 521 U.S. 457 (1997)...... 1178, 2348 Glidden Co. v. Zdanok, 370 U.S. 530 (1962)...... 667, 671, 673–74, 677, 691, 803, 881 Glidden v. Harrington, 189 U.S. 255 (1903)...... 1915, 1919 Globe Bank v. Martin, 236 U.S. 288 (1915)...... 2564 Globe Newspaper Co. v. Superior Court, 457 U.S. 596 (1982)...... 1146, 1175, 1252, 1621, 1624, 2504 Glona v. American Guar. & Liab. Ins. Co., 391 U.S. 73 (1968)...... 2176, 2471 Glossip v. Gross, 576 U.S. ___, No. 14–7955, slip op. (2015)...... 1716, 1719, 1736 Gloucester Ferry Co. v. Pennsylvania, 114 U.S. 196 (1885)...... 447, 2375 Glover v. United States...... 1674 Go-Bart Importing Co. v. United States, 282 U.S. 344 (1931)...... 570, 1380, 1404, 1424 Gobeille v. Liberty Mut. Ins. Co., 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–181, slip op. (2016)...... 273, 277 Gober v. City of Birmingham, 373 U.S. 374 (1963)...... 2460 Godfrey v. Georgia, 446 U.S. 420 (1980)...... 1725 Godinez v. Moran, 509 U.S. 389 (1993)...... 1677 Goesaert v. Cleary, 335 U.S. 464 (1948)...... 2085, 2087, 2116, 2164, 2611 Gojack v. United States, 384 U.S. 702 (1966)...... 103, 106, 706 Golan v. Holder, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–545, slip op. (2012)...... 331, 338–39 Gold v. DiCarlo, 380 U.S. 520 (1965)...... 1861, 2609 Goldberg v. Daniels, 231 U.S. 218 (1913)...... 841 Goldberg v. Kelly, 397 U.S. 254 (1970)...... 87, 1558, 1804, 1962, 1965–66, 1970, 1979–80, 1985 Goldberg v. Sweet, 488 U.S. 252 (1989)...... 255–56 Goldblatt v. Town of Hempstead, 369 U.S. 590 (1962)...... 1598, 1601–02, 1885 Golden Gate Transit Corp. v. City of Los Angeles, 475 U.S. 608 (1986)...... 290, 296 Golden State Transit Corp. v. Los Angeles, 493 U.S. 107 (1989)...... 1019 Golden v. Zwickler, 394 U.S. 103 (1969)...... 761, 764–65, 767, 1353 Goldey v. Morning News, 156 U.S. 518 (1895)...... 937, 1991 Goldman v. United States, 316 U.S. 129 (1942)...... 1384, 1447, 2609 Goldman v. Weinberger, 475 U.S. 503 (1986)...... 1124, 1132 Goldstein v. California, 412 U.S. 546 (1973)...... 235, 340 Goldstein v. United States, 316 U.S. 114 (1942)...... 1447 Goldwater v. Carter, 444 U.S. 996 (1979)...... 544, 546, 612, 751–52, 765, 786, 1014 Goldwater v. Carter, 617 F.2d 697 (D.C. Cir. 1979)...... 544, 751–52 Goltra v. Weeks, 271 U.S. 536 (1926)...... 841–42 Gomez v. Perez, 409 U.S. 535 (1973)...... 2179–80, 2482 Gomez v. United States District Court, 503 U.S. 653 (1992)...... 1718 Gomez v. United States, 490 U.S. 858 (1989)...... 672 Gomillion v. Lightfoot, 364 U.S. 339 (1960)...... 800, 2096, 2145, 2197, 2247, 2455 Gompers v. Bucks Stove & Range Co., 221 U.S. 418 (1911)...... 694, 697 Gong Lum v. Rice, 275 U.S. 78 (1927)...... 2123, 2608 Gonzaga Univ. v. Doe, 536 U.S. 273 (2002)...... 171 Gonzales v. Beto, 405 U.S. 1052 (1972)...... 1637, 1640 Gonzales v. Carhart, 550 U.S. 124 (2007)...... 1937–40 Gonzales v. O Centro Espirita Beneﬁcente Uniao Do Vegetal, 546 U.S. 418 (2006)...... 1137 Gonzales v. Raich, 545 U.S. 1 (2005)...... 2597 Gonzales v. Raich, 545 U.S. 1 (2005)...... 182, 226–27 Gonzales v. United States, 348 U.S. 407 (1955)...... 1557 Gonzales v. United States, 364 U.S. 59 (1960)...... 1557 Gonzalez v. Archbishop, 280 U.S. 1 (1929)...... 1079 2674 TABLE OF CASES

Gooch v. United States, 297 U.S. 124 (1936)...... 183 Good News Club v. Milford Central School, 533 U.S. 98 (2001)...... 1108 Gooding v. United States, 416 U.S. 430 (1974)...... 1410 Gooding v. Wilson, 405 U.S. 518 (1972)...... 748, 1175, 1291–92, 2479 Goodrich v. Edwards, 255 U.S. 527 (1921)...... 2267 Goodrich v. Ferris, 214 U.S. 71 (1909)...... 2000, 2002 Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations, S.A. v. Brown, 564 U.S. ___, No. 10–76, slip op. (2011)...... 1991 Goosby v. Osser, 409 U.S. 512 (1973)...... 2187 Gordon v. Appeal Tax Court, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 133 (1845)...... 2364 Gordon v. Lance, 403 U.S. 1 (1971)...... 2205 Gordon v. Ogden, 28 U.S. (3 Pet.) 33 (1830)...... 2603 Gordon v. Texas, 355 U.S. 369 (1958)...... 2290 Gordon v. United States, 117 U.S. 697 (1965)...... 674, 690–91 Gordon v. United States, 69 U.S. (2 Wall.) 561 (1864)...... 672–73, 689–91, 2312 Gore v. United States, 357 U.S. 386 (1958)...... 1499, 1501 Gori v. United States, 367 U.S. 364 (1961)...... 1488 Gorieb v. Fox, 274 U.S. 603 (1927)...... 1887, 2117 Gosa v. Mayden, 413 U.S. 665 (1973)...... 355 Goss v. Knoxville Bd. of Educ., 373 U.S. 683 (1963)...... 2125 Goss v. Lopez, 419 U.S. 565 (1975)...... 1972, 1974–75, 2488 Gottschalk v. Benson, 409 U.S. 63 (1972)...... 333 Gouled v. United States, 255 U.S. 298 (1921)...... 1379, 1384, 1407, 1459, 2609 Governeur v. Robertson, 24 U.S. (11 Wheat.) 332 (1826)...... 309 Governor of Georgia v. Madrazo, 26 U.S. (1 Pet.) 110 (1828)...... 1782, 1784, 1801, 1805 Grady v. Corbin, 495 U.S. 508 (1990)...... 1502–03, 2613 Grady v. North Carolina, 575 U.S. ___ , No. 14–593, slip op. (2015)...... 1388–89 Grafton v. United States, 206 U.S. 333 (1907)...... 356, 1483 Graham & Foster v. Goodcell, 282 U.S. 409 (1931)...... 1579 Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989)...... 1454, 2052 Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. ___, No. 08–7412, slip op. (2010)...... 1755–56 Graham v. Folsom, 200 U.S. 248 (1906)...... 435 Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1 (1966)...... 331, 334–36 Graham v. Richardson, 403 U.S. 365 (1971)...... 315, 317, 1804, 2083, 2091, 2157–58, 2206–07, 2476 Graham v. West Virginia, 224 U.S. 616 (1912)...... 408, 2046, 2120 Grand Lodge v. New Orleans, 166 U.S. 143 (1897)...... 417 Grand Rapids School Dist. v. Ball, 473 U.S. 373 (1985)...... 1083, 1085–86, 1088–89, 1091–92, 1095, 2614 Grand Trunk Ry. v. Indiana R.R. Comm’n, 221 U.S. 400 (1911)...... 410 Grand Trunk Western Ry. v. City of South Bend, 227 U.S. 544 (1913)...... 2538 Granﬁnanciera, S.A. v. Nordberg, 492 U.S. 33 (1989)...... 68, 321, 586, 675, 682–83, 685, 1697 Granholm v. Heald, 544 U.S. 460 (2005)...... 240, 2285, 2288, 2529 Graniteville Mfg. Co. v. Query, 283 U.S. 376 (1931)...... 1905 Grannis v. Ordean, 234 U.S. 385 (1914)...... 1998 Grant Timber & Mfg. Co. v. Gray, 236 U.S. 133 (1915)...... 2007 Grant-Smith-Porter Ship Co. v. Rohde, 257 U.S. 469 (1922)...... 825, 831 Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 244 (2003)...... 2152–54, 2156 Gravel v. United States, 408 U.S. 606 (1972)...... 139–41, 143–44 Graves v. Elliott, 307 U.S. 383 (1939)...... 1909 Graves v. Eubank, 205 Ala. 174 (1921)...... 2277 Graves v. Minnesota, 272 U.S. 425 (1926)...... 1881 Graves v. New York ex rel. O’Keefe, 306 U.S. 466 (1939)...... 157, 236, 1038, 1769, 2606 TABLE OF CASES 2675

Graves v. Schmidlapp, 315 U.S. 657 (1942)...... 1907, 1910 Graves v. Texas Co., 298 U.S. 393 (1936)...... 1037, 1794, 2433, 2606 Gray v. Maryland, 523 U.S. 185 (1998)...... 1650 Gray v. Mississippi, 481 U.S. 648 (1987)...... 1642–43 Gray v. Netherland, 518 U.S. 152 (1996)...... 773, 911 Gray v. Sanders, 372 U.S. 368 (1963)...... 768, 782, 803, 2191, 2204, 2459, 2609 Gray v. United States, 21 Ct. Cl. 340 (1886)...... 541 Grayned v. City of Rockford, 408 U.S. 104 (1972)...... 1226, 1332–33, 1354, 2018 Graysburg Oil Co. v. Texas, 278 U.S. 582 (1929)...... 2419 Great American Fed. S. & L. Ass’n v. Novotny, 584 F.2d 1235 (3d Cir. 1978)...... 2232 Great Atlantic & Paciﬁc Tea Co. v. Cottrell, 424 U.S. 366 (1976)...... 249, 261 Great Atlantic & Paciﬁc Tea Co. v. Grosjean, 301 U.S. 412 (1937)...... 2103 Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Co. v. Huffman, 319 U.S. 293 (1943)...... 761, 894, 903 Great Northern Life Ins. Co. v. Read, 322 U.S. 47 (1944)...... 839, 1794, 1805 Great Northern Ry. v. Minnesota ex rel. Clara City, 246 U.S. 434 (1918)...... 425, 1873 Great Northern Ry. v. Minnesota, 278 U.S. 503 (1929)...... 1903 Great Southern Fire Proof Hotel Co. v. Jones, 177 U.S. 449 (1900)...... 858 Great Southern Hotel Co. v. Jones, 193 U.S. 532 (1904)...... 412 Great Western Tel. Co. v. Purdy, 162 U.S. 329 (1896)...... 931 Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Ass’n v. United States, 527 U.S. 173 (1999)...... 2326 Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Ass’n, Inc. v. United States, 527 U.S. 173 (1999)...... 1272, 1275 Greco v. Orange Mem. Hosp. Corp., 513 F.2d 873 (5th Cir. 1975)...... 2079 Greeley v. Lowe, 155 U.S. 58 (1894)...... 1699 Green Bay & Miss. Canal Co. v. Patten Paper Co., 172 U.S. 58 (1898)...... 190 Green v. Biddle, 21 U.S. (8 Wheat.) 1 (1823)...... 450–51, 2363 Green v. Chicago, B. & Q. Ry., 205 U.S. 530 (1907)...... 1991 Green v. Connally, 330 F. Supp. 1150 (D.D.C. 1970)...... 2079 Green v. Frazier, 253 U.S. 233 (1920)...... 1581–82 Green v. French, 143 F.3d 865 (4th Cir. 1998)...... 916 Green v. Mansour, 474 U.S. 64 (1985)...... 1806 Green v. New Kent County School Bd., 391 U.S. 430 (1968)...... 2125–26, 2132 Green v. School Bd. of Roanoke, 304 F.2d 118 (4th Cir. 1962)...... 2125 Green v. United States, 355 U.S. 184 (1957)...... 1479, 1490, 1495–96, 1498 Green v. United States, 356 U.S. 165 (1958)...... 701–02, 803, 1630 Green v. Van Buskirk, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 139 (1869)...... 932 Greenbelt Cooperative Pub. Ass’n v. Bresler, 398 U.S. 6 (1970)...... 1298, 1300, 1304 Greene v. Lessee of Neal, 31 U.S. (6 Pet.) 291 (1832)...... 2603 Greene v. Lindsey, 456 U.S. 444 (1982)...... 1962, 2004, 2503 Greene v. Louisville & Interurban R.R., 244 U.S. 499 (1917)...... 812, 1804, 2612 Greene v. Massey, 437 U.S. 19 (1978)...... 1490, 1496 Greene v. McElroy, 360 U.S. 474 (1959)...... 95, 1204, 1559, 1966 Greenholtz v. Nebraska Penal Inmates, 442 U.S. 1 (1979)...... 1955, 1977, 2059 Greenough v. Tax Assessors, 331 U.S. 486 (1947)...... 1905 Greenwald v. Wisconsin, 390 U.S. 519 (1968)...... 1531 Greenwood v. Freight Co., 105 U.S. 13 (1882)...... 423–24 Greenya v. George Washington Univ., 512 F.2d 556 (D.C. Cir. 1975)...... 2079 Greer v. Spock, 424 U.S. 828 (1976)...... 353, 613, 1212, 1332–33 Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976)...... 1716, 1722–25, 1727, 1729, 1734–35, 1737–38, 2611 Gregory v. Ashcroft, 501 U.S. 452 (1991)...... 993, 1029, 1775, 2093, 2237 Gregory v. City of Chicago, 394 U.S. 111 (1969)...... 1171, 1291, 1336, 1345 Greiner v. Lewellyn, 258 U.S. 384 (1922)...... 159 Grenada Lumber Co. v. Mississippi, 217 U.S. 433 (1910)...... 1876 2676 TABLE OF CASES

Greyhound Lines v. Mealey, 334 U.S. 653 (1948)...... 180, 2445 Griffin v. Breckenridge, 403 U.S. 88 (1971)...... 230, 801, 1772, 1819, 2228, 2230, 2232, 2610 Griffin v. California, 380 U.S. 609 (1965)...... 1064–65, 1513 Griffin v. Griffin, 327 U.S. 220 (1946)...... 947, 1987 Griffin v. Illinois, 351 U.S. 12 (1956)...... 2049, 2214–16, 2221, 2452 Griffin v. Maryland, 378 U.S. 130 (1964)...... 2069–70 Griffin v. McCoach, 313 U.S. 498 (1941)...... 864, 959 Griffin v. Prince Edward County School Bd., 377 U.S. 218 (1964)...... 708, 895, 2125 Griffin v. Thompson, 43 U.S. (2 How.) 244 (1844)...... 403, 720 Griffin v. United States, 502 U.S. 46 (1991)...... 2036 Griffin v. Wisconsin, 483 U.S. 868 (1987)...... 1398, 1442 Griffin’s Case, 11 Fed. Cas. 7 (C.C.D.Va. 1869) (No. 5815)...... 2227 Griffith v. Connecticut, 218 U.S. 563 (1910)...... 1878 Griffith v. Kentucky, 479 U.S. 314 (1987)...... 773, 776, 1465, 2139 Griggs v. Allegheny County, 369 U.S. 84 (1962)...... 1595 Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 401 U.S. 424 (1971)...... 2097 Grisham v. Hagan, 361 U.S. 278 (1960)...... 358, 2331 Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965)...... 746, 800, 804, 1061, 1762, 1924–26, 1942–43, 1950, 1952, 2466 Grit v. Wolman, 413 U.S. 901 (1973)...... 2485 Gritts v. Fisher, 224 U.S. 640 (1912)...... 727 Groesbeck v. Duluth, S.S. & A. Ry., 250 U.S. 607 (1919)...... 1863 Groh v. Ramirez, 540 U.S. 551 (2004)...... 1405 Groppi v. Leslie, 404 U.S. 496 (1972)...... 109, 111 Groppi v. Wisconsin, 400 U.S. 505 (1971)...... 1640, 2475 Grosjean v. American Press Co., 297 U.S. 233 (1936)...... 1149, 1275–76, 1831, 1838, 2432 Grosso v. United States, 390 U.S. 62 (1968)...... 163, 1523, 2333 Grove Press v. Gerstein, 378 U.S. 577 (1964)...... 1314 Grove Press v. Maryland State Bd. of Censors, 401 U.S. 480 (1971)...... 1315 Grover & Baker Machine Co. v. Radcliffe, 137 U.S. 287 (1890)...... 933, 935, 938 Groves v. Slaughter, 40 U.S. (15 Pet.) 449 (1841)...... 215 Grovey v. Townsend, 295 U.S. 45 (1935)...... 815, 2246, 2607 Grubart v. Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Co., 513 U.S. 527 (1995)...... 825 Grumman v. United States, 370 U.S. 288 (1962)...... 105 Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306 (2003)...... 2152–53, 2156 Gryger v. Burke, 334 U.S. 728 (1948)...... 408, 1664 Guaranty Trust Co. v. United States, 304 U.S. 126 (1938)...... 867–69 Guaranty Trust Co. v. Virginia, 305 U.S. 19 (1938)...... 1912 Guaranty Trust Co. v. York, 326 U.S. 99 (1945)...... 864–65 Guessefeldt v. McGrath, 342 U.S. 308 (1952)...... 1586 Guinn v. United States, 238 U.S. 347 (1915)...... 2096, 2244–45, 2248, 2397 Gulf Fisheries Co. v. MacInerney, 276 U.S. 124 (1928)...... 443–44 Gulf Offshore Co. v. Mobil Oil Corp., 453 U.S. 473 (1981)...... 834, 887 Gulf Oil Corp. v. Copp Paving Co., 419 U.S. 186 (1974)...... 199 Gulf Oil Corp. v. Gilbert, 330 U.S. 501, 507–08 (1947)...... 721 Gulf, C. & S. F. Ry. v. Ellis, 165 U.S. 150 (1897)...... 2381 Gulf, C. & S. F. Ry. v. Heﬂey, 158 U.S. 98 (1895)...... 2562 Gulfstream Aerospace Corp. v. Mayacamas Corp., 485 U.S. 271 (1988)...... 2613 Gully v. First National Bank in Meridian, 299 U.S. 109 (1936)...... 806 Gumbel v. Pitkin, 124 U.S. 131 (1888)...... 687, 720 Gundling v. Chicago, 177 U.S. 183 (1900)...... 1882, 2118 Gunn v. Barry, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 610 (1873)...... 2370 Gunter v. Atlantic Coast Line R.R., 200 U.S. 273 (1906)...... 1794 TABLE OF CASES 2677

Guss v. Utah Labor Bd., 353 U.S. 1 (1957)...... 208, 291, 2578 Gustafson v. Florida, 414 U.S. 260 (1973)...... 1421 Guste v. Weeks, 429 U.S. 1056 (1977)...... 2492 Gut v. Minnesota, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 35 (1870)...... 409 Guthrie Nat’l Bank v. Guthrie, 173 U.S. 528 (1899)...... 1695 Gutierrez de Martinez v. Lamagno, 515 U.S. 417 (1995)...... 643 Gutierrez v. Waterman S.S. Corp., 373 U.S. 206 (1963)...... 826, 833 Guy v. City of Baltimore, 100 U.S. 434 (1879)...... 237, 2373 Gwin v. Breedlove, 43 U.S. (2 How.) 29 (1844)...... 403 Gwin, White & Prince, Inc. v. Henneford, 305 U.S. 434 (1939)...... 237, 245, 2437 H H. L. v. Matheson, 450 U.S. 398 (1981)...... 1931 H. P. Hood & Sons v. Du Mond, 336 U.S. 525 (1949)...... 232, 236–37, 249, 261, 2445, 2575 Haas v. Henkel, 216 U.S. 462 (1910)...... 1646 Haavik v. Alaska Packers Ass’n, 263 U.S. 510 (1924)...... 976, 1573 Hadacheck v. Sebastian, 239 U.S. 394 (1915)...... 1596, 1602, 1839, 1887, 2113 Haddock v. Haddock, 201 U.S. 562 (1906)...... 939–40, 2606 Hadley v. Junior College Dist., 397 U.S. 50 (1970)...... 112, 782, 2193, 2474 Hadnott v. Amos, 320 F. Supp. 107 (M.D. Ala. 1970)...... 2183, 2206 Hadnott v. Amos, 394 U.S. 358 (1971)...... 2145 Hagans v. Lavine, 415 U.S. 528 (1974)...... 812, 1805 Hagar v. Reclamation Dist., 111 U.S. 701 (1884)...... 1899, 1915, 1959 Hagen v. Utah, 510 U.S. 399 (1994)...... 299 Hagner v. United States, 285 U.S. 427 (1932)...... 1646 Hagood v. Southern, 117 U.S. 52 (1886)...... 1785, 1802 Hague v. CIO, 307 U.S. 496 (1939)... 811, 901, 967, 1064, 1331–33, 1335–36, 1344, 1364, 1834, 2542 Hahn v. Ross Island Sand & Gravel Co., 358 U.S. 272 (1959)...... 832 Haig v. Agee, 453 U.S. 280 (1981)...... 88, 95, 464, 613, 1176, 1202 Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519 (1972)...... 2053 Hairston v. Danville & Western Ry., 208 U.S. 598 (1908)...... 1583 Halbert v. Michigan, 545 U.S. 605 (2005)...... 2529 Halcyon Lines v. Haenn Ship Ceiling & Reﬁtting Corp., 342 U.S. 282 (1952)...... 821 Hale v. Bimco Trading Co., 306 U.S. 375 (1939)...... 2437 Hale v. Henkel, 201 U.S. 43 (1906)...... 1475, 1509, 1518 Hale v. Kentucky, 303 U.S. 613 (1938)...... 2137 Hale v. State Board, 302 U.S. 95 (1937)...... 427 Haley v. Ohio, 332 U.S. 596 (1948)...... 1663 Halkin v. Helms, 598 F.2d 1 (D.C. Cir. 1978)...... 591, 1452 Halkin v. Helms, 690 F.2d 977 (D.C. Cir. 1982)...... 1452 Hall v. Beals, 396 U.S. 45 (1969)...... 767 Hall v. DeCuir, 95 U.S. 485 (1878)...... 2372 Hall v. Florida, 572 U.S. ___, No. 12–10882, slip op. (2014)...... 1741–42, 2532 Hall v. Geiger-Jones Co., 242 U.S. 539 (1917)...... 1839, 1877 Hall v. St. Helena Parish School Bd., 197 F. Supp. 649 (E.D. La. 1961)...... 2125 Hall v. St. Helena Parish School Bd., 417 F.2d 801 (5th Cir.)...... 2126 Hall v. Washington, 106 F.3d 742 (7th Cir. 1997)...... 916 Hall v. Wisconsin, 103 U.S. 5 (1880)...... 416, 2374 Halliburton Co. v. Walker, 326 U.S. 696 (1946)...... 2607 Halliburton Co. v. Walker, 329 U.S. 1 (1946)...... 2607 Halliburton Oil Well Co. v. Reily, 373 U.S. 64 (1963)...... 268, 2459 Halter v. Nebraska, 205 U.S. 34 (1907)...... 1883, 2112 Halvey v. Halvey, 330 U.S. 610 (1947)...... 947 2678 TABLE OF CASES

Ham v. South Carolina, 409 U.S. 524 (1973)...... 1643 Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, 548 U.S. 557 (2006)...... 368, 465, 513, 637, 711 Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, 542 U.S. 507 (2004)...... 512, 1565 Hamilton Co. v. Massachusetts, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 632 (1868)...... 1036 Hamilton v. Alabama, 368 U.S. 52 (1961)...... 1663, 1678–79, 2144 Hamilton v. Alabama, 376 U.S. 650 (1964)...... 2144 Hamilton v. Board of Regents, 293 U.S. 245 (1934)...... 1128 Hamilton v. Brown, 161 U.S. 256 (1896)...... 2003 Hamilton v. Dillin, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 73 (1875)...... 345, 362, 504 Hamilton v. Kentucky Distilleries, Co., 251 U.S. 146 (1919)...... 360, 1771 Hamilton v. Regents, 293 U.S. 245 (1934)...... 1064 Hamling v. United States, 418 U.S. 87 (1974)...... 1314, 1317–19 Hamm v. City of Rock Hill, 379 U.S. 306 (1964)...... 2144 Hammer v. Dagenhart, 247 U.S. 251 (1918)...... 164, 179, 182, 215, 218, 536, 1770–71, 2321, 2606 Hammond Packing Co. v. Arkansas, 212 U.S. 322 (1909)...... 425 Hammond Packing Co. v. Montana, 233 U.S. 331 (1914)...... 2104 Hampton v. McConnell, 16 U.S. (3 Wheat.) 234 (1818)...... 931, 933–34 Hampton v. Mow Sun Wong, 426 U.S. 88 (1976)...... 78, 95, 313, 1569, 1840 Hampton v. United States, 425 U.S. 484 (1976)...... 2024–25 Hanauer v. Doane, 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 342 (1871)...... 922 Hanauer v. Woodruff, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 439 (1873)...... 2227 Hancock Nat’l Bank v. Farnum, 176 U.S. 640 (1900)...... 936, 957 Hancock v. Muskogee, 250 U.S. 454 (1919)...... 1917 Handelsbureau La Mola v. Kennedy, 370 U.S. 940 (1962)...... 365 Hanford v. Davies, 163 U.S. 273 (1896)...... 410 Hankerson v. North Carolina, 432 U.S. 233 (1977)...... 772 Hanley v. Donoghue, 116 U.S. 1 (1885)...... 932, 952 Hanley v. Kansas City Southern Ry. Co., 187 U.S. 617 (1903)...... 180 Hanlon v. Berger, 526 U.S. 808 (1999)...... 1412 Hanna v. Plumer, 380 U.S. 460 (1965)...... 862, 865 Hannah v. Larche, 363 U.S. 420 (1960)...... 1559 Hannegan v. Esquire, 327 U.S. 146 (1946)...... 328 Hannis Distilling Co. v. Baltimore, 216 U.S. 285 (1910)...... 1901, 1918 Hanover Fire Ins. Co. v. Harding, 272 U.S. 494 (1926)...... 246, 2083, 2105, 2415 Hanover National Bank v. Moyses, 186 U.S. 181 (1902)...... 318, 321–22, 1577 Hanover Shoe v. United Shoe Machinery Corp., 392 U.S. 481 (1968)...... 771 Hans Rees’ Sons v. North Carolina, 283 U.S. 123 (1931)...... 1912, 2424 Hans v. Louisiana, 134 U.S. 1 (1890)...... 899, 1785–89, 1791, 1795, 1797–98, 1801 Hanson v. Denckla, 357 U.S. 235 (1958)...... 1986, 1994, 2002 Hardin v. Kentucky Utilities Co., 390 U.S. 1 (1968)...... 754–55 Harding v. Harding, 198 U.S. 317 (1905)...... 933 Harisiades v. Shaughnessy, 342 U.S. 580 (1952)...... 613, 1562 Harkness v. Hyde, 98 U.S. 476 (1879)...... 1988 Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800 (1982)...... 464, 613, 643–44, 842, 1454 Harman v. City of Chicago, 147 U.S. 396 (1893)...... 2562 Harman v. Forssenius, 380 U.S. 528 (1965)...... 894–95, 2299–2300, 2466 Harmelin v. Michigan, 501 U.S. 957 (1991)...... 1715, 1737, 1754–55 Harmon v. Tyler, 273 U.S. 668 (1927)...... 2141, 2539 Harper & Row Publishers, Inc., v. Nation Enterprises, 471 U.S. 539 (1985)...... 339 Harper v. Virginia Bd. of Elections, 383 U.S. 663 (1966)...... 2093, 2184, 2218, 2467, 2609 Harper v. Virginia Dep’t of Taxation, 509 U.S. 86 (1993)...... 776–77, 2300 Harper v. Virginia State Bd. of Elections, 383 U.S. 663 (1966)...... 2300 TABLE OF CASES 2679

Harrington v. Bush, 553 F.2d 190 (D.C. Cir. 1977)...... 751–52 Harrington v. California, 395 U.S. 250 (1969)...... 1650 Harrington v. Richter, 562 U.S. ___, No. 09–587, slip op. (2011)...... 916, 1671 Harrington v. Schlesinger, 528 F.2d 455 (4th Cir. 1975)...... 750 Harris County Comm’rs Court v. Moore, 420 U.S. 77 (1975)...... 894 Harris v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–232, slip op. (2016)...... 2196 Harris v. Balk, 198 U.S. 215 (1905)...... 951, 2000–01 Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297 (1980)...... 749, 1932–33, 2091, 2095, 2224 Harris v. Nelson, 394 U.S. 286 (1969)...... 719 Harris v. New York, 401 U.S. 222 (1971)...... 1546 Harris v. Oklahoma, 433 U.S. 682 (1977)...... 1502 Harris v. Pennsylvania R.R., 361 U.S. 15 (1959)...... 1704–05 Harris v. Quinn, 573 U.S. ___, No. 11–681, slip op. (2014)...... 1195–96, 2532 Harris v. Reed, 489 U.S. 255 (1989)...... 817, 913 Harris v. Rosario, 446 U.S. 651 (1980)...... 990 Harris v. South Carolina, 338 U.S. 68 (1949)...... 1530, 1533 Harris v. United States, 331 U.S. 145 (1947)...... 1380, 2610 Harris v. United States, 382 U.S. 162 (1965)...... 701, 1380, 1424, 2609 Harris v. United States, 390 U.S. 234 (1968)...... 1437 Harris v. United States, 536 U.S. 545 (2002)...... 1632, 2039, 2612, 2615 Harris v. Washington, 404 U.S. 55 (1971)...... 1504 Harrison v. Missouri Pac. R.R., 372 U.S. 248 (1963)...... 1705 Harrison v. NAACP, 360 U.S. 167 (1959)...... 894–95 Harrison v. PPG Industries, 446 U.S. 578 (1980)...... 879 Harrison v. St. Louis, S. F. & T. R.R., 232 U.S. 318 (1914)...... 2392 Harrison v. United States, 392 U.S. 219 (1968)...... 1514, 1546 Harshman v. Bates County, 92 U.S. 569 (1875)...... 2604 Hart v. United States, 118 U.S. 62 (1886)...... 400–01 Harte-Hanks Communications v. Connaughton, 491 U.S. 657 (1989)...... 1303–04 Hartford Accident & Ins. Co. v. Delta Pine Land Co., 292 U.S. 143 (1934)...... 2429 Hartford Accident Co. v. Nelson Co., 291 U.S. 352 (1934)...... 1880 Hartford Ins. Co. v. Harrison, 301 U.S. 459 (1937)...... 2115, 2435 Hartford Life Ins. Co. v. Barber, 245 U.S. 146 (1917)...... 931 Hartford Life Ins. Co. v. Blincoe, 255 U.S. 129 (1921)...... 2008 Hartford Life Ins. Co. v. Ibs, 237 U.S. 662 (1915)...... 931 Hartigan v. Zbaraz, 484 U.S. 171 (1987)...... 2512 Hartman v. Greenhow, 102 U.S. 672 (1880)...... 2373 Hartsﬁeld v. Sloan, 357 U.S. 916 (1958)...... 2191, 2609 Harwood v. Wentworth, 162 U.S. 547 (1896)...... 781, 783 Haskell v. Kansas Natural Gas Co., 224 U.S. 217 (1912)...... 2391 Haskett v. Washington, 294 F. Supp. 912 (D.D.C. 1968)...... 1204 Hastert v. State Bd. of Elections, 777 F. Supp. 634 (N.D. Ill. 1991)...... 114 Hastings v. United States, 802 F.Supp. 490 (D.D.C. 1992)...... 658 Hattiesburg Building & Trades Council v. Broome, 377 U.S. 126 (1964)...... 292 Hauenstein v. Lynham, 100 U.S. 483 (1880)...... 527, 538, 2158 Hauge v. City of Chicago, 299 U.S. 387 (1937)...... 1876 Haupt v. United States, 330 U.S. 631 (1947)...... 922–23, 925 Havemayer v. Iowa County, 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 294 (1866)...... 411 Havens Realty Corp. v. Coleman, 455 U.S. 363 (1982)...... 737, 745, 749, 756 Haver v. Yaker, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 32 (1869)...... 504 Hawaii Housing Auth. v. Midkiff, 467 U.S. 229 (1984)...... 904, 1582–83, 1585–86 Hawaii v. Gordon, 373 U.S. 57 (1963)...... 841 2680 TABLE OF CASES

Hawaii v. Mankichi, 190 U.S. 197 (1903)...... 991 Hawaii v. Standard Oil Co., 405 U.S. 251 (1972)...... 852 Hawes v. Georgia, 258 U.S. 1 (1922)...... 1892, 2013 Hawk v. Olson, 326 U.S. 271 (1945)...... 1663, 1666 Hawke v. Smith (No. 1), 253 U.S. 221 (1920)...... 153, 480, 782, 1000, 1011, 2402 Hawke v. Smith (No. 2), 253 U.S. 231 (1920)...... 2403 Hawker v. New York, 170 U.S. 189 (1898)...... 406, 1881, 2013 Hawkins v. Barney’s Lessee, 30 U.S. (5 Pet.) 457 (1831)...... 435 Hawkins v. Bleakly, 243 U.S. 210 (1917)...... 2011 Hawkins v. United States, 358 U.S. 74 (1958)...... 2612 Hawks v. Hamill, 288 U.S. 52 (1933)...... 1804 Hawley v. Malden, 232 U.S. 1 (1914)...... 1904 Hawthorne v. Calef, 69 U.S. (2 Wall.) 10 (1865)...... 2367 Hayburn’s Case, 2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 409 (1792)...... 628, 689, 724, 790 Hayes v. Florida, 470 U.S. 811 (1985)...... 1390, 1393 Hayﬁeld Northern Ry. v. Chicago & N.W. Transp. Co., 467 U.S. 622 (1984)...... 290 Hayman v. Galveston, 273 U.S. 414 (1927)...... 1881, 2113 Haynes v. United States, 390 U.S. 85 (1968)...... 163, 1523, 2333–34 Haynes v. Washington, 373 U.S. 503 (1963)...... 1531, 1533 Hays v. The Paciﬁc Mail Steamship Co., 58 U.S. (17 How.) 596 (1855)...... 2366 Haywood v. Drown, 556 U.S. ___, No. 07–10374, slip op. (2009)...... 891, 1021–22, 2598 Hazard’s Administrator v. New England Marine Ins. Co., 33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 557 (1834)...... 829 Hazelwood School Dist. v. Kuhlmeier, 484 U.S. 260 (1988)...... 1227–28, 1337 Head Money Cases, 112 U.S. 580 (1884)...... 162, 164, 524, 531 Heald v. District of Columbia, 259 U.S. 114 (1922)...... 374 Healy v. James, 408 U.S. 169 (1972)...... 1182, 1184, 1225 Healy v. The Beer Institute, 491 U.S. 324 (1989)...... 240, 261, 2290, 2515, 2613 Healy v. United States Brewers Ass’n, 464 U.S. 909 (1983)...... 2507 Hearon v. Calus, 178 S.C. 381, 183 S.E. 13 (1935)...... 508 Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241 (1964)...... 180–81, 220, 229–30, 1772, 1819, 2065 Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241 (1965)...... 1819 Heath & Milligan Co. v. Worst, 207 U.S. 338 (1907)...... 1877 Heath v. Alabama, 474 U.S. 82 (1985)...... 1482 Hebe Co. v. Shaw, 248 U.S. 297 (1919)...... 1892 Hebert v. Louisiana, 272 U.S. 312 (1924)...... 1482 Heckers v. Fowler, 69 U.S. (2 Wall.) 123 (1864)...... 721 Heckler v. Mathews, 465 U.S. 728 (1984)...... 743, 2171 Hedgpeth v. Pulido, 129 S. Ct. 530 (2008)...... 1749 Heffernan v. City of Paterson, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–1280, slip op. (2016)...... 1224 Heffron v. ISKCON, 452 U.S. 640 (1981)...... 1113, 1125, 1131, 1333–34 Heien v. North Carolina, 574 U.S. ___, No. 13–604, slip op. (2014)...... 1392 Heike v. United States, 227 U.S. 131 (1913)...... 1520 Heikkila v. Barber, 345 U.S. 229 (1953)...... 1563 Heim v. McCall, 239 U.S. 175 (1915)...... 315, 735, 1835, 2158 Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, Inc., 127 S. Ct. 2553 (2007)...... 732, 734 Heine v. Levee Commissioners, 86 U.S. (19 Wall.) 655 (1874)...... 436 Heiner v. Donnan, 285 U.S. 312 (1932)...... 1574, 2013, 2324 Heisler v. Thomas Colliery Co., 260 U.S. 245 (1922)...... 2103, 2612 Helena Water Works Co. v. Helena, 195 U.S. 383 (1904)...... 1869 Helicopteros Nacionales de Colombia v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408 (1984)...... 1991, 1996 Hellenic Lines v. Rhodetis, 398 U.S. 306 (1970)...... 1838 Heller v. New York, 413 U.S. 483 (1973)...... 1314, 1406 TABLE OF CASES 2681

Helling v. McKinney, 509 U.S. 25 (1993)...... 1757 Helson v. Kentucky, 279 U.S. 245 (1929)...... 2421 Helstoski v. Meanor, 442 U.S. 500 (1979)...... 143 Helvering v. Bruun, 309 U.S. 461 (1940)...... 2265 Helvering v. Bullard, 303 U.S. 297 (1938)...... 396 Helvering v. Davis, 301 U.S. 619 (1937)...... 169, 171, 174, 1023, 1572, 1770, 1897 Helvering v. Gerhardt, 304 U.S. 405 (1938)...... 157, 160–61, 1038 Helvering v. Gowran, 302 U.S. 238 (1937)...... 2263 Helvering v. Griffiths, 318 U.S. 371 (1943)...... 1578, 2262 Helvering v. Hallock, 309 U.S. 106 (1940)...... 803, 2606 Helvering v. Horst, 311 U.S. 112 (1940)...... 2266 Helvering v. Independent Life Ins. Co., 292 U.S. 371 (1934)...... 2268 Helvering v. Lerner Stores Corp., 314 U.S. 463 (1941)...... 1566, 1572 Helvering v. Mitchell, 303 U.S. 391 (1938)...... 1483, 1574, 2264 Helvering v. National Grocery Co., 304 U.S. 282 (1938)...... 1574, 2264 Helvering v. Northwest Steel Mills, 311 U.S. 46 (1940)...... 1573, 2264 Helvering v. Powers, 293 U.S. 214 (1934)...... 159 Helvering v. Producers Corp., 303 U.S. 376 (1938)...... 159, 2606 Helvering v. St. Louis Trust Co., 296 U.S. 39 (1935)...... 2606 Helvering v. Winmill, 305 U.S. 79 (1938)...... 2268 Helwig v. United States, 188 U.S. 605 (1903)...... 164 Hemphill v. Orloff, 277 U.S. 537 (1928)...... 970 Henderson Co. v. Thompson, 300 U.S. 258 (1937)...... 1884 Henderson v. Kibbe, 431 U.S. 145 (1977)...... 2016, 2029, 2035 Henderson v. Mayor of New York, 92 U.S. 259 (1876)...... 270, 2371 Henderson v. Morgan, 426 U.S. 637 (1976)...... 2045 Henderson v. United States, 339 U.S. 816 (1950)...... 229, 2142 Henderson’s Distilled Spirits, 81 U.S. (14 Wall.) 44 (1872)...... 1694 Hendrick v. Maryland, 235 U.S. 610 (1915)...... 248 Hendrickson v. Apperson, 245 U.S. 105 (1917)...... 2399 Hendrickson v. Creager, 245 U.S. 115 (1917)...... 2399 Hendrix v. United States, 219 U.S. 79 (1911)...... 2605 Henkel v. Chicago, St. P., M. & O. Ry., 284 U.S. 444 (1932)...... 2571 Henkels v. Sutherland, 271 U.S. 298 (1926)...... 1589 Henley v. Myers, 215 U.S. 373 (1910)...... 435 Hennington v. Georgia, 163 U.S. 299 (1896)...... 247 Henry L. Doherty & Co. v. Goodman, 294 U.S. 623 (1935)...... 1989 Henry v. City of Rock Hill, 376 U.S. 776 (1964)...... 1344 Henry v. Clarksdale Mun. Separate School Dist., 409 F.2d 682 (5th Cir.)...... 2126 Henry v. Collins, 380 U.S. 356 (1965)...... 1298, 1303 Henry v. Dick Co., 224 U.S. 1 (1912)...... 2605 Henry v. Mississippi, 379 U.S. 443 (1965)...... 818 Henry v. United States, 361 U.S. 98 (1959)...... 1415 Hensley v. Municipal Court, 411 U.S. 345 (1973)...... 713 Hepburn v. Ellzey, 6 U.S. (2 Cr.) 445 (1805)...... 375, 855 Hepburn v. Griswold, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 603 (1870)...... 175, 2311, 2604 Hepner v. United States, 213 U.S. 103 (1909)...... 1616, 1629 Herb v. Pitcairn, 324 U.S. 117 (1945)...... 816, 909 Herbert v. Lando, 441 U.S. 153 (1979)...... 1143, 1147, 1303–04 Hernandez v. Commissioner, 490 U.S. 680 (1989)...... 1110, 1124, 1131 Hernandez v. New York, 500 U.S. 352 (1991)...... 2139 Hernandez v. Texas, 347 U.S. 475 (1954)...... 1638, 2018, 2137 Herndon v. Chicago, R.I. & P. Ry., 218 U.S. 135 (1910)...... 2390 2682 TABLE OF CASES

Herndon v. Lowry, 301 U.S. 242 (1937)...... 1143, 1159, 1362, 2434 Herrera v. Collins, 506 U.S. 390 (1993)...... 914–15, 1718, 1746, 1748 Herring v. New York, 422 U.S. 853 (1975)...... 1668–69, 2489 Herring v. United States, 555 U.S. ___, No. 07–513, slip op. (2009)...... 1465–66 Herron v. Southern Paciﬁc Co., 283 U.S. 91 (1931)...... 1693, 2007 Hertz Corp. v. Friend, 559 ___, No. 08–1107, slip op. (2010)...... 858 Hess v. Indiana, 414 U.S. 105 (1973)...... 1176, 1291 Hess v. Pawloski, 274 U.S. 352 (1927)...... 937, 974, 1988 Hess v. United States, 361 U.S. 314 (1960)...... 834 Hester v. United States, 265 U.S. 57 (1924)...... 1436–37 Hetzel v. Prince William County, 523 U.S. 208 (1998)...... 1702 Heublein, Inc. v. South Carolina Tax Comm’n, 409 U.S. 275 (1972)...... 253 Heyman v. Hays, 236 U.S. 178 (1915)...... 2395 Hiatt v. Brown, 339 U.S. 103 (1950)...... 357, 1565 Hibben v. Smith, 191 U.S. 310 (1903)...... 1841, 1917 Hibernia Savings Soc’y v. San Francisco, 200 U.S. 310 (1906)...... 1035 Hicklin v. Coney, 290 U.S. 169 (1933)...... 2114 Hicklin v. Orbeck, 437 U.S. 518 (1978)...... 968–69, 972–73, 2496 Hickman v. Block, 81 F.3d 98 (9th Cir. 1996)...... 1368 Hickory v. United States, 151 U.S. 303 (1894)...... 1648 Hicks v. District of Columbia, 383 U.S. 252 (1966)...... 2019 Hicks v. Feiock, 485 U.S. 624 (1988)...... 695 Hicks v. Miranda, 422 U.S. 332 (1975)...... 762, 904, 911 Hicks v. Oklahoma, 447 U.S. 343 (1980)...... 2016, 2046 Higginbotham v. City of Baton Rouge, 306 U.S. 535 (1930)...... 416 Highland Farms Dairy v. Agnew, 300 U.S. 608 (1937)...... 780, 992 Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial Dist. Ct., 542 U.S. 177 (2004)...... 1416 Hildwin v. Florida, 490 U.S. 638 (1989)...... 1632, 2615 Hill v. California, 401 U.S. 797 (1971)...... 1392, 1408, 1425 Hill v. Colorado 530 U.S. 703 (2000)...... 1350–51 Hill v. Davis, 378 U.S. 565 (1964)...... 2464 Hill v. Florida ex rel. Watson, 325 U.S. 538 (1945)...... 291, 2573 Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52 (1985)...... 1674 Hill v. Martin, 296 U.S. 393 (1935)...... 897 Hill v. McDonough, 547 U.S. 573 (2006)...... 1735 Hill v. Merchant’s Ins. Co., 134 U.S. 515 (1890)...... 435 Hill v. Stone, 421 U.S. 289 (1975)...... 2182, 2184, 2489 Hill v. Texas, 316 U.S. 400 (1942)...... 2137–38 Hill v. United States ex rel. Weiner, 300 U.S. 105 (1937)...... 1568 Hill v. United States, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 386 (1850)...... 838 Hill v. Wallace, 259 U.S. 44 (1922)...... 164, 1770, 2323 Hillman v. Maretta, 569 U.S. ___, No. 11–1221, slip op. (2013)...... 287 Hills v. Gautreaux, 425 U.S. 284 (1976)...... 2129, 2131, 2142 Hillsborough County v. Automated Medical Laboratories, 471 U.S. 707 (1985)...... 275 Hillsborough v. Cromwell, 326 U.S. 620 (1946)...... 2083, 2110 Hillside Dairy, Inc. v. Lyons, 539 U.S. 59 (2003)...... 242, 969 Hilton v. Guyot, 159 U.S. 113 (1895)...... 965 Hilton v. South Carolina Pub. Rys. Comm’n, 502 U.S. 197 (1991)...... 1800 Hinderlider v. La Plata River & Cherry Creek Ditch Co., 304 U.S. 92 (1938)...... 447, 451, 866 Hines v. Davidowitz, 312 U.S. 52 (1941)...... 75, 272–74, 281, 286, 313, 315–16, 528, 561, 2157, 2572 Hinton v. Alabama, 571 U.S. ___, No. 13–6440, slip op. (2014)...... 1673 Hipp v. Babin, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 271 (1857)...... 1698 TABLE OF CASES 2683

Hirabayashi v. United States, 320 U.S. 81 (1943)...... 362, 366, 492, 1567, 2158 Hirabayashi v. United States, 627 F. Supp. 1445 (W.D. Wash. 1986)...... 492 Hirota v. MacArthur, 338 U.S. 197 (1948)...... 391 Hisquierdo v. Hisquierdo, 439 U.S. 572 (1979)...... 2586 Hitchcock v. Dugger, 481 U.S. 393 (1987)...... 1730 Hoag v. New Jersey, 356 U.S. 464 (1958)...... 1503, 2610 Hobbie v. Unemployment Appeals Comm’n, 480 U.S. 136 (1987)...... 1121, 1129 Hobby v. United States, 468 U.S. 339 (1984)...... 2141 Hobson v. Hansen, 265 F. Supp. 902 (D.D.C. 1967)...... 376, 679 Hodel v. Indiana, 452 U.S. 314 (1981)...... 222, 1608, 1847 Hodel v. Irving, 481 U.S. 704 (1987)...... 547, 1601, 1608–09, 2343–45 Hodel v. Virginia Surface Mining & Recl. Ass’n, 452 U.S. 264 (1981).... 179–80, 222, 764, 1026, 1608, 1611, 1772, 1776 Hodge Co. v. Cincinnati, 284 U.S. 335 (1932)...... 1894, 2113 Hodge v. Muscatine County, 196 U.S. 276 (1905)...... 1915 Hodges v. Easton, 106 U.S. 408 (1883)...... 1694 Hodges v. United States, 203 U.S. 1 (1906)...... 1816–18, 2230, 2314, 2610 Hodgson & Thompson v. Bowerbank, 9 U.S. (5 Cr.) 303 (1809)...... 869 Hodgson v. Minnesota, 497 U.S. 417 (1990)...... 1932, 1934, 2517 Hoeper v. Tax Comm’n, 284 U.S. 206 (1931)...... 2013, 2426 Hoffa v. United States, 385 U.S. 293 (1966)...... 1433, 1679 Hoffman v. Connecticut Dep’t of Income Maintenance, 492 U.S. 96 (1989)...... 1787, 1799, 2614 Hoffman v. United States, 341 U.S. 479 (1951)...... 1475, 1508–09 Hohn v. United States, 524 U.S. 236 (1998)...... 803, 2614 Hoke v. Henderson, 154 N.C. (4 Dev.) 1 (1833)...... 416 Hoke v. United States, 227 U.S. 308 (1913)...... 183, 217, 1771 Holbrook v. Flynn, 475 U.S. 560 (1986)...... 2030 Holden v. Hardy, 169 U.S. 366 (1898)...... 1835, 1848, 1852, 2115 Holden v. Joy, 84 U.S. (17 Wall.) 211 (1872)...... 539–40, 546 Holden v. Minnesota, 137 U.S. 483 (1890)...... 407 Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project, 561 U.S. ___, No. 08–1498, slip op. (2010)...... 1211 Holding v. Blankenship, 387 U.S. 94 (1967)...... 2468 Holland v. Challen, 110 U.S. 15 (1884)...... 1699 Holland v. Illinois, 493 U.S. 474 (1990)...... 747, 1638, 1644 Hollingsworth v. Perry, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–144, slip op. (2013)...... 738–39 Hollingsworth v. Virginia, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 378 (1798)...... 153, 782, 999–1000 Hollins v. Oklahoma, 295 U.S. 394 (1935)...... 2137 Hollister v. Benedict Mfg. Co., 113 U.S. 59 (1885)...... 338, 1591 Holloway v. Arkansas, 435 U.S. 475 (1978)...... 1670 Holmes v. City of Atlanta, 350 U.S. 879 (1955)...... 2143, 2547 Holmes v. Conway, 241 U.S. 624 (1916)...... 2005 Holmes v. Hurst, 174 U.S. 82 (1899)...... 336 Holmes v. Jennison, 39 U.S. (14 Pet.) 540 (1840)...... 402, 448, 540, 548, 561 Holmes v. South Carolina, 547 U.S. 319 (2006)...... 2031 Holmgren v. United States, 217 U.S. 509 (1910)...... 301, 1047 Holt Civic Club v. City of Tuscaloosa, 439 U.S. 60 (1978)...... 1895, 2182 Holt v. Henley, 232 U.S. 637 (1914)...... 1578 Holt v. Raleigh City Bd. of Educ., 265 F.2d 95 (4th Cir. 1959)...... 2124 Holt v. Sarver, 309 F. Supp. 362 (E.D. Ark. 1970)...... 1758 Holt v. United States, 218 U.S. 245 (1910)...... 1510, 2035 Holt v. Virginia, 381 U.S. 131 (1965)...... 705 Holtzman v. Schlesinger, 414 U.S. 1304 (1973)...... 349, 750 Holtzman v. Schlesinger, 484 F.2d 1307 (2d Cir. 1973)...... 350, 750 2684 TABLE OF CASES

Holyoke Company v. Lyman, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 500 (1873)...... 423 Home Bldg. & Loan Ass’n v. Blaisdell, 290 U.S. 398 (1934)...... 345, 414, 438–39 Home Ins. Co. v. Dick, 281 U.S. 397 (1930)...... 2011, 2423 Home Ins. Co. v. New York, 134 U.S. 594 (1890)...... 1036 Home of the Friendless v. Rouse, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 430 (1869)...... 417–18, 422–23, 430, 2368 Home Savings Bank v. City of Des Moines, 205 U.S. 503 (1907)...... 2562 Home Tel. & Tel. Co. v. City of Los Angeles, 211 U.S. 265 (1908)...... 428, 431, 1803–04 Home Tel. & Tel. Co. v. City of Los Angeles, 227 U.S. 278 (1913)...... 1803 Homer Ramsdell Transp. Co. v. La Compagnie Gen. Transatlantique, 182 U.S. 406 (1901)...... 829 Honda Motor Co. v. Oberg, 512 U.S. 415 (1994)...... 2009, 2520 Honda v. Clark, 386 U.S. 484 (1967)...... 365 Honeyman v. Hanan, 302 U.S. 375 (1937)...... 2006 Honeyman v. Jacobs, 306 U.S. 539 (1939)...... 440 Honig v. Doe, 484 U.S. 305 (1988)...... 765–66, 769 Hood v. McGehee, 237 U.S. 611 (1915)...... 950 Hooe v. Jamieson, 166 U.S. 395 (1897)...... 375 Hooe v. Werner, 166 U.S. 399 (1897)...... 375 Hooper v. Bernalillo County Assessor, 472 U.S. 612 (1985)...... 2509 Hoopeston Canning Co. v. Cullen, 318 U.S. 313 (1943)...... 1880, 2113 Hooven & Allison Co. v. Evatt, 324 U.S. 652 (1945)...... 442–44, 2441, 2612 Hoover Express Co. v. United States, 356 U.S. 38 (1958)...... 2269 Hope v. Pelzer, 536 U.S. 730 (2002)...... 1717 Hoper v. California, 155 U.S. 648 (1895)...... 1879 Hopkins Savings Ass’n v. Cleary, 296 U.S. 315 (1935)...... 2326 Hopkins v. Clemson Agricultural College, 221 U.S. 636 (1911)...... 1790, 1804 Hopkins v. Reeves, 524 U.S. 88 (1998)...... 1726 Hopkirk v. Bell, 7 U.S. (3 Cr.) 454 (1806)...... 527 Hopper v. Evans, 456 U.S. 605 (1982)...... 1726 Hopt v. Utah, 110 U.S. 574 (1884)...... 393, 1526, 1532 Hornbuckle v. Toombs, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 648 (1874)...... 991, 2604 Horne v. Dep’t of Agriculture, 576 U.S. ___, No. 14–275, slip op. (2015)...... 1589–91 Horton v. California, 496 U.S. 128 (1990)...... 1438 Hortonville Jt. School Dist. v. Hortonville Educ. Ass’n, 426 U.S. 482 (1976)...... 1963 Hosack v. Smiley, 276 F. Supp. 876 (C.D. Colo. 1967)...... 1179 Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church and School v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–553, slip op. (2012)...... 1135, 2348 Hospital Building Co. v. Rex Hospital Trustees, 425 U.S. 738 (1976)...... 199 Hostetter v. Idlewild Bon Voyage Liquor Corp., 377 U.S. 324 (1964)...... 895, 2287, 2290, 2462 Hotchkiss v. Greenwood, 52 U.S. (11 How.) 248 (1850)...... 335 Houchins v. KQED, 438 U.S. 1 (1978)...... 1146, 1257 Houck v. Little River Dist., 239 U.S. 254 (1915)...... 1899 House v. Bell, 547 U.S. 518 (2006)...... 915, 1748 House v. Mayes, 219 U.S. 270 (1911)...... 1878 House v. Mayo, 324 U.S. 42 (1945)...... 1666, 2614 Houston & Texas Cent. R.R. v. Texas, 177 U.S. 66 (1900)...... 403, 411, 2383 Houston & Texas Cent. Ry. v. Texas, 170 U.S. 243 (1898)...... 2382 Houston & Texas Central R.R. v. Mayes, 201 U.S. 321 (1906)...... 2386 Houston & Texas Ry. v. United States (Shreveport Rate Cases), 234 U.S. 342 (1914)...... 182, 194–95, 200 Houston v. Moore, 18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 1 (1820)...... 234, 370–71, 890, 1481 Houston v. Ormes, 252 U.S. 469 (1920)...... 1988 Howard v. Bugbee, 65 U.S. (24 How.) 461 (1861)...... 2366 TABLE OF CASES 2685

Howard v. Commissioners, 344 U.S. 624 (1953)...... 377, 1042 Howard v. Fleming, 191 U.S. 126 (1903)...... 1750 Howard v. Gipsy Oil Co., 247 U.S. 503 (1918)...... 1044, 2608 Howard v. Lyons, 360 U.S. 593 (1959)...... 842, 866 Howell Chevrolet Co. v. NLRB, 346 U.S. 482 (1953)...... 208 Howes v. Fields, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–680, slip op. (2012)...... 1539 Howlett v. Rose, 496 U.S. 356 (1990)...... 816, 891–92, 1022 Hoyt v. Florida, 368 U.S. 57 (1961)...... 2164, 2167, 2611–12 Hubbard v. United States, 514 U.S. 695 (1995)...... 2614 Hubert v. New Orleans, 215 U.S. 170 (1909)...... 411 Hubler v. Twin Falls County, 327 U.S. 103 (1946)...... 1024 Huckle v. Money, 95 Eng. Rep. 768 (K.B. 1763)...... 1378 Huddleston v. Dwyer, 322 U.S. 232 (1944)...... 863 Hudgens v. NLRB, 424 U.S. 507 (1976)...... 1341–42, 2077, 2611 Hudnut v. American Booksellers Ass’n, 475 U.S. 1001 (1986)...... 2554 Hudson County Water Co. v. McCarter, 209 U.S. 349 (1908)...... 2612 Hudson v. Guestier, 10 U.S. (6 Cr.) 281 (1810)...... 2603 Hudson v. Guestier, 8 U.S. (4 Cr.) 293 (1808)...... 826, 2603 Hudson v. Louisiana, 450 U.S. 40 (1981)...... 1496 Hudson v. McMillian, 503 U.S. 1 (1992)...... 1715, 1735, 1758 Hudson v. Michigan, 547 U.S. 586 (2006)...... 1463, 1468 Hudson v. North Carolina, 363 U.S. 697 (1960)...... 1664, 1679 Hudson v. Palmer, 468 U.S. 517 (1984)...... 1386, 1398, 1442, 2054 Hudson v. Parker, 156 U.S. 277 (1895)...... 1713 Hudson v. United States, 522 U.S. 93 (1997)...... 2614 Hudson Water Co. v. McCarter, 209 U.S. 349 (1908)...... 437, 971–72, 1839, 1885, 2612 Huffman v. Pursue, Ltd., 420 U.S. 592 (1975)...... 893, 904 Hughes Bros. v. Minnesota, 272 U.S. 469 (1926)...... 2415 Hughes v. Alexandria Scrap Corp., 426 U.S. 794 (1976)...... 238 Hughes v. Fetter, 341 U.S. 609 (1951)...... 934, 955, 2448 Hughes v. Oklahoma, 441 U.S. 322 (1979)...... 260, 972, 1886, 2288, 2498, 2612 Hughes v. Superior Court, 339 U.S. 460 (1950)...... 1344–45, 1348 Hughes v. Talen Energy Mktg., LLC, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–614, slip op. (2016)...... 283 Huling v. Kaw Valley Ry. & Improvement Co., 130 U.S. 559 (1889)...... 1999 Humphrey v. Baker, 848 F.2d 211 (D.C.Cir. 1988)...... 138 Humphrey v. Cady, 405 U.S. 504 (1972)...... 2064 Humphrey v. Moore, 375 U.S. 335 (1964)...... 295 Humphrey v. Pegues, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 244 (1873)...... 417, 2370 Humphrey’s Executor v. United States, 295 U.S. 602 (1935)...... 67, 72, 462, 580–81, 583–85 Hunt v. Cromartie, 526 U.S. 541 (1999)...... 2197 Hunt v. McNair, 413 U.S. 734 (1973)...... 1075, 1098–99 Hunt v. Palao, 45 U.S. (4 How.) 589 (1846)...... 986 Hunt v. United States, 278 U.S. 96 (1928)...... 2570 Hunt v. Washington State Apple Advertising Comm’n, 432 U.S. 333 (1977)...... 260, 749, 2494 Hunt-Wesson, Inc. v. Franchise Tax Bd. of Cal., 528 U.S. 458 (2000)...... 254 Hunter v. Erickson, 393 U.S. 385 (1969)...... 2072–73, 2091, 2134, 2550 Hunter v. Pittsburgh, 207 U.S. 161 (1907)...... 415, 1896 Hunter v. Underwood, 471 U.S. 222 (1985)...... 2098, 2145, 2509 Huntington v. Attrill, 146 U.S. 657 (1892)...... 935, 951 Hurd v. Hodge, 334 U.S. 24 (1948)...... 1567, 1817, 2071, 2142 Hurley v. Irish-American Gay Group, 514 U.S. 334 (1995)...... 1178, 1186–87, 1283, 1351, 2521 Hurley v. Irish-American Gay Group, 515 U.S. 557 (1995)...... 2521 Hurn v. Oursler, 289 U.S. 238 (1933)...... 812 2686 TABLE OF CASES

Huron Portland Cement Co. v. City of Detroit, 362 U.S. 440 (1960)...... 283 Hurst v. Florida, 577 U.S. ___ , No. 14–7505, slip op. at 1–2 (2016)...... 1632, 1724–25, 2615 Hurst v. Florida, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–7505, slip op. (2016)...... 1724, 2615 Hurtado v. California, 110 U.S. 516 (1884)...... 1060, 1065, 1474, 1555, 1566, 1568, 1843, 1959–60, 2017 Hurtado v. United States, 410 U.S. 578 (1973)...... 2120 Hurwitz v. North, 271 U.S. 40 (1926)...... 2113 Huse v. Glover, 119 U.S. 543 (1886)...... 447, 985 Hust v. Moore-McCormack Lines, 328 U.S. 707 (1946)...... 2608 Hustler Magazine v. Falwell, 485 U.S. 46, 55 (1988)...... 1288, 1305, 1308 Husty v. United States, 282 U.S. 694 (1931)...... 1427 Hutcheson v. United States, 369 U.S. 599 (1962)...... 99, 101, 107–08 Hutchinson Ice Cream Co. v. Iowa, 242 U.S. 153 (1916)...... 1892 Hutchinson v. Chase & Gilbert, 45 F.2d 139 (2d Cir. 1930)...... 1991 Hutchinson v. City of Valdosta, 227 U.S. 303 (1913)...... 1891 Hutchinson v. Proxmire, 443 U.S. 111 (1979)...... 141, 1147, 1299, 1301 Hutto v. Davis, 454 U.S. 370 (1982)...... 1752 Hutto v. Finney, 437 U.S. 678 (1978)...... 693, 812, 1757–58, 1792, 1796, 1807 Hyatt v. People ex rel. Corkran, 188 U.S. 691 (1903)...... 979 Hyde v. Southern Ry., 31 App. D.C. 466 (1908)...... 2318 Hyde v. United States, 225 U.S. 347 (1912)...... 1646 Hygrade Provision Co. v. Sherman, 266 U.S. 497 (1925)...... 1804 Hylton v. United States, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 171 (1796)...... 393–94, 396, 729, 791, 2605 Hynes v. Mayor of Oradell, 425 U.S. 610 (1976)...... 1171, 1355, 2551 Hyser v. Reed, 318 F.2d 225 (D.C. Cir. 1963)...... 2057 Hysler v. Florida, 315 U.S. 411 (1942)...... 2031 I Iannelli v. United States, 420 U.S. 770 (1975)...... 1501 Ibanez v. Florida Bd. of Accountancy, 512 U.S. 136 (1994)...... 1267 ICC v. Alabama Midland Ry., 168 U.S. 144 (1897)...... 193 ICC v. Brimson, 154 U.S. 447 (1894)...... 100, 192, 691, 706, 1510, 1696 ICC v. Goodrich Transit Co., 224 U.S. 194 (1912)...... 82, 194 ICC v. Illinois Cent. R.R., 215 U.S. 452 (1910)...... 1864–65 ICC v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 227 U.S. 88 (1913)...... 1965 ICC v. Union Paciﬁc R.R., 222 U.S. 541 (1912)...... 1865 ICC v. United States ex rel. Humboldt Steamship Co., 224 U.S. 474 (1912)...... 990 Ickes v. Fox, 300 U.S. 82 (1937)...... 842 Idaho ex rel. Evans v. Oregon and Washington, 444 U.S. 380 (1980)...... 845 Idaho ex rel. Evans v. Oregon, 462 U.S. 1017 (1983)...... 845 Idaho v. Coeur d’Alene Tribe, 521 U.S. 261 (1997)...... 1803, 1807 Idaho v. Freeman, 529 F. Supp. 1107 (D. Idaho, 1981)...... 1004, 1012–13 Idaho v. United States, 533 U.S. 262 (2001)...... 986 Idaho v. Wright, 497 U.S. 805 (1990)...... 1652 Illinois Brick Co. v. Illinois, 431 U.S. 720 (1977)...... 852 Illinois Cent. R.R. v. Bosworth, 133 U.S. 92 (1890)...... 517, 926 Illinois Cent. R.R. v. Decatur, 147 U.S. 190 (1893)...... 418 Illinois Cent. R.R. v. Illinois, 146 U.S. 387 (1892)...... 430, 982 Illinois Cent. R.R. v. Illinois, 163 U.S. 142 (1896)...... 247, 330, 2381 Illinois Cent. R.R. v. Minnesota, 309 U.S. 157 (1940)...... 1903, 2103 Illinois Central R.R. v. McKendree, 203 U.S. 514 (1906)...... 179, 216 Illinois ex rel. Madigan v. Telemarketing Assocs., 538 U.S. 600 (2003)...... 1178, 1356 Illinois ex rel. McCollum v. Board of Education, 333 U.S. 203 (1948)...... 735, 1064, 1074, 1101–02 TABLE OF CASES 2687

Illinois Gas Co. v. Public Service Co., 314 U.S. 498 (1942)...... 196 Illinois State Bd. of Elections v. Socialist Workers Party, 440 U.S. 173 (1979).... 1188, 2189–90, 2497 Illinois v. Allen, 397 U.S. 337 (1970)...... 705, 2030 Illinois v. Andreas, 463 U.S. 765 (1983)...... 1386, 1426, 1435, 1438 Illinois v. Caballes, 543 U.S. 405 (2005)...... 1420, 1430 Illinois v. City of Milwaukee, 406 U.S. 91 (1972)...... 810, 853, 866, 872, 1022, 1050 Illinois v. Fisher, 540 U.S. 544 (2004)...... 2033 Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213 (1983)...... 1401, 1403–04, 1466, 2612 Illinois v. Krull, 480 U.S. 340 (1987)...... 1464–65 Illinois v. LaFayette, 462 U.S. 640 (1983)...... 1426 Illinois v. Lidster, 540 U.S. 419 (2004)...... 1429 Illinois v. McArthur, 531 U.S. 326 (2001)...... 1391 Illinois v. Perkins, 496 U.S. 292 (1990)...... 1539, 1541 Illinois v. Rodriguez, 497 U.S. 177 (1990)...... 1382, 1392, 1434, 1467 Illinois v. Somerville, 410 U.S. 458 (1973)...... 1486–88 Illinois v. Vitale, 447 U.S. 410 (1980)...... 1502 Illinois v. Wardlow, 528 U.S. 119 (2000)...... 1417 Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Errico, 385 U.S. 214 (1966)...... 315 In re 620 Church Street Corp., 299 U.S. 24 (1936)...... 1578 In re Anastaplo, 366 U.S. 82 (1961)...... 1167, 1181, 1202 In re Application for Telephone Information, ___ F. Supp. 3d. ___, No. 15–XR–90304, slip op. at 14–15 (N.D. Cal. 2015)...... 1389 In re Ayers, 123 U.S. 443 (1887)...... 430, 899, 1784–85, 1802–03, 2604 In re Baiz, 135 U.S. 403 (1890)...... 610, 780, 819 In re Blake, 175 U.S. 114 (1899)...... 889 In re Bonner, 151 U.S. 242 (1894)...... 2052 In re Broderick’s Will, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 503 (1875)...... 857 In re Bryant, 4 Fed. Cas. 514 (No. 2067) (D. Oreg. 1865)...... 180 In re Burwell, 350 U.S. 521 (1956)...... 720 In re Cavelier, 287 N.Y.S. 739 (1936)...... 2277 In re Chapman, 166 U.S. 661 (1897)...... 99–100, 110, 136, 614 In re Coy, 127 U.S. 731 (1888)...... 129 In re Debs, 158 U.S. 564 (1895)...... 186, 327, 626–28, 697, 836, 1616 In re Delgado, 140 U.S. 586 (1891)...... 2015 In re Disbarment of Crow, 359 U.S. 1007 (1959)...... 723 In re Farrow, 3 Fed. 112 (C.C.N.D. Ga. 1880)...... 596 In re Fassett, 142 U.S. 479 (1892)...... 825 In re Garnett, 141 U.S. 1 (1891)...... 822 In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967)...... 1224, 1510, 1665, 2047, 2060–61 In re Girard College Trusteeship, 391 Pa. 434, 138 A. 2d 844 (1958)...... 2073 In re Grand Jury January, 1969, 315 F. Supp. 662 (D. Md. 1970)...... 1477 In re Grand Jury Subpoena to Richard M. Nixon, 360 F. Supp. 1 (D.D.C. 1973)...... 640 In re Green, 134 U.S. 377 (1890)...... 480 In re Griffiths, 413 U.S. 717 (1973)...... 317, 2159 In re Grimley, 137 U.S. 147 (1890)...... 354 In re Groban, 352 U.S. 330 (1957)...... 1474, 1510, 1687 In re Hennen, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 230 (1839)...... 573, 576 In re Herndon, 394 U.S. 399 (1969)...... 889 In re Isserman, 345 U.S. 286 (1953)...... 723, 2608 In re Isserman, 348 U.S. 1 (1954)...... 2608 In re Kemmler, 136 U.S. 436 (1890)...... 1060, 1715–16, 1735, 1835 In re Klein, 42 U.S. (1 How.) 277 (1843)...... 321 2688 TABLE OF CASES

In re Kollock, 165 U.S. 526 (1897)...... 81, 163 In re Lincoln, 202 U.S. 178 (1906)...... 905 In re Little, 404 U.S. 553 (1972)...... 699, 1162 In re Lockwood, 154 U.S. 116 (1894)...... 1835 In re Loney, 134 U.S. 372 (1890)...... 133 In re Look Tin Sing, 21 F. 905 (C.C.Cal. 1884)...... 1831 In re Meador, 16 Fed. Cas. 1294, 1299 (No. 9375) (N.D. Ga. 1869)...... 1393 In re Metropolitan Ry. Receivership, 208 U.S. 90 (1908)...... 729 In re Moore, 209 U.S. 490 (1908)...... 2605 In re Morgan, 203 U.S. 96 (1906)...... 905 In re Morrissey, 137 U.S. 157 (1890)...... 354 In re Murchison, 349 U.S. 133 (1955)...... 1962, 1965, 2028 In re Neagle, 135 U.S. 1 (1890)...... 587, 624 In re Nielsen, 131 U.S. 176 (1889)...... 905, 1502 In re Oliver, 333 U.S. 257 (1948)...... 701, 1065, 1621–22, 1648–49 In re Paciﬁc Ry. Comm’n, 32 F. 241 (C.C. Calif. 1887)...... 726 In re Primus, 436 U.S. 412 (1978)...... 1182, 1184, 1267 In re Quarles and Butler, 158 U.S. 532 (1895)...... 380, 1834, 2230 In re R.M.J., 455 U.S. 191 (1982)...... 1267–68 In re Rahrer, 140 U.S. 545 (1891)...... 239 In re Rapier, 143 U.S. 110 (1892)...... 216 In re Reiman, 20 Fed. Cas. 490 (No. 11,673) (S.D.N.Y. 1874)...... 319 In re Ross, 140 U.S. 453 (1891)...... 55, 534–35, 674, 1615–16 In re Ruffalo, 390 U.S. 544 (1968)...... 2017 In re Sanborn, 148 U.S. 222 (1893)...... 689, 691 In re Sawyer, 124 U.S. 200 (1888)...... 783 In re Sawyer, 360 U.S. 622 (1959)...... 722 In re Search of Kitty’s East, 905 F.2d 1367 (10th Cir. 1990)...... 1151 In re Snow, 120 U.S. 274 (1887)...... 905 In re Stolar, 401 U.S. 23 (1971)...... 1167, 1181–82 In re Strouse, 23 Fed. Cas. 261 (No. 13,548) (D. Nev. 1871)...... 1393 In re Summers, 325 U.S. 561 (1945)...... 1128 In re Troy Anthony Davis, 557 U.S. ___, No. 08–1443 (2009)...... 915, 1718, 1746, 1748 In re Tyler, 149 U.S. 164 (1893)...... 1803 In re Watts and Sachs, 190 U.S. 1 (1903)...... 322 In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358 (1970)...... 1061, 1628, 2012, 2016, 2035–36, 2061, 2474 In re Yamashita, 327 U.S. 1 (1946)...... 391, 511, 1553, 1564 In re Young, 141 F.3d 854 (8th Cir. 1998)...... 1136 In re: Grand Jury Subpoena, Judith Miller, 397 F.3d 964 (D.C. Cir. 2005) (Tatel, J., concurring) (citation omitted), rehearing en banc denied, 405 F.3d 17 (D.C. Cir. 2005) (Tatel, J., concurring), cert. denied, 545 U.S. 1150 (2005), reissued with unredacted material, 438 F.3d 1141 (D.C. Cir. 2006)...... 1248–49 Independent Warehouses v. Scheele, 331 U.S. 70 (1947)...... 2103 Indian Motorcycle v. United States, 283 U.S. 570 (1931)...... 158 Indian Oil Co. v. Oklahoma, 240 U.S. 522 (1916)...... 1044, 2398, 2607 Indiana Communist Party v. Whitcomb, 414 U.S. 411 (1974)...... 1205, 2189, 2486 Indiana Dep’t of Revenue v. Nebeker, 348 U.S. 933 (1955)...... 2436 Indiana ex rel. Anderson v. Brand, 303 U.S. 95 (1938)...... 416, 2435 Indiana ex rel. Valentine v. Marker, 303 U.S. 628 (1938)...... 2436 Indiana Real Estate Comm’n v. Satoskar, 417 U.S. 938 (1974)...... 2487 Indiana v. Edwards, 128 S. Ct. 2379 (2008)...... 1677, 2041 Indiana v. United States, 148 U.S. 148 (1893)...... 191 Industrial Comm’n v. McCartin, 330 U.S. 622 (1947)...... 961–62 TABLE OF CASES 2689

Industrial Union Dep’t v. American Petroleum Inst., 448 U.S. 607 (1980)...... 78–79 Ingartua-De La Rosa v. United States, 417 F.3d 145 (1st Cir. 2005)...... 533 Ingels v. Morf, 300 U.S. 290 (1937)...... 2434 Ingenohl v. Olsen & Co., 273 U.S. 541 (1927)...... 965 Ingersoll-Rand Co. v. McClendon, 498 U.S. 133 (1990)...... 277–78, 2594 Ingraham v. Wright, 430 U.S. 651 (1977)...... 812, 1760, 1955, 1974, 1984–85 Inland Empire Council v. Millis, 325 U.S. 697 (1945)...... 1558 Inman Steamship Co. v. Tinker, 94 U.S. 238 (1877)...... 446, 2372 Innes v. Tobin, 240 U.S. 127 (1916)...... 977–78 INS v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919 (1983)...... 68–71, 73, 153–56, 470–73, 501, 618, 683, 748, 1000, 2333, 2343 INS v. Delgado, 466 U.S. 210 (1984)...... 1418–19 INS v. Lopez-Mendoza, 468 U.S. 1032 (1984)...... 1464 INS v. St. Cyr, 533 U.S. 289 (2001)...... 387, 709, 711 Insular Cases, 182 U.S. 1 (1901)...... 1615–16 Insurance Co. v. Dunham, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 1 (1871)...... 824 Insurance Co. v. Glidden Co., 284 U.S. 151 (1931)...... 2006 Insurance Co. v. Harris, 97 U.S. 331 (1878)...... 930 Insurance Co. v. Morse, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 445 (1874)...... 2371 Insurance Co. v. New Orleans, 13 Fed. Cas. 67 (C.C.D. La. 1870)...... 1831 Insurance Co. v. Ritchie, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 541 (1866)...... 875 Intermountain Rate Cases, 234 U.S. 476 (1914)...... 194 International Ass’n of Machinists v. Gonzales, 356 U.S. 617 (1958)...... 292–93, 1721 International Ass’n of Machinists v. Street, 367 U.S. 740 (1961)...... 1193, 1195, 1247 International Bhd. of Electric Workers v. Hechler, 481 U.S. 851 (1987)...... 296 International Bhd. of Teamsters v. Hanke, 339 U.S. 470 (1950)...... 1343 International Bhd. of Teamsters v. Vogt, 354 U.S. 284 (1957)...... 1343 International Bridge Co. v. New York, 254 U.S. 126 (1920)...... 1870 International Harvester Co. v. Department of Taxation, 322 U.S. 435 (1944)...... 1905 International Harvester Co. v. Department of Treasury, 322 U.S. 340 (1944)...... 245 International Harvester Co. v. Evatt, 329 U.S. 416 (1947)...... 245 International Harvester Co. v. Kentucky, 234 U.S. 216 (1914)...... 2394 International Harvester Co. v. Kentucky, 234 U.S. 579 (1914)...... 937, 1990–92, 2394 International Harvester Co. v. Missouri, 234 U.S. 199 (1914)...... 1876, 2117 International Harvester Corp. v. Goodrich, 350 U.S. 537 (1956)...... 1918 International Longshoremens’ Ass’n v. Allied International, 456 U.S. 212 (1982)...... 1343 International Longshoremen’s Ass’n v. Davis, 476 U.S. 380 (1986)...... 294 International Longshoremen’s Union v. Boyd, 347 U.S. 222 (1954)...... 761–62, 764 International Paper Co. v. Massachusetts, 246 U.S. 135 (1918)...... 1911, 2400 International Paper Co. v. Ouellette, 479 U.S. 481 (1987)...... 289, 810 International Paper Co. v. United States, 282 U.S. 399 (1931)...... 1591 International Postal Supply Co. v. Bruce, 194 U.S. 601 (1904)...... 842 International Primate Protection League v. Tulane Educ. Fund, 500 U.S. 72 (1991)...... 809 International Shoe Co. v. Pinkus, 278 U.S. 261 (1929)...... 322, 2570 International Shoe Co. v. Washington, 326 U.S. 310 (1945).... 1986, 1989–95, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003 International Steel & I. Co. v. National Surety Co., 297 U.S. 657 (1936)...... 2433 International Terminal Operating Co. v. N. V. Nederl. Amerik Stoomv. Maats., 393 U.S. 74 (1968)...... 1701 International Textbook Co. v. Pigg, 217 U.S. 91 (1910)...... 247, 2389 International Union, UAW v. Brock, 477 U.S. 274 (1986)...... 749 International Union, UMW v. Bagwell, 512 U.S. 821 (1994)...... 695, 702, 705, 1630 Interstate Circuit, Inc. v. City of Dallas, 390 U.S. 676 (1968)...... 1154, 1171, 1313, 2550 2690 TABLE OF CASES

Interstate Transit, Inc. v. Lindsey, 283 U.S. 183 (1931)...... 2425 Investment Company Institute v. Camp, 401 U.S. 617 (1971)...... 755 Iowa Central Ry. v. Iowa, 160 U.S. 389 (1896)...... 2006 Iowa v. Tovar, 541 U.S. 77 (2004)...... 1662 Iowa-Des Moines Nat’l Bank v. Bennett, 284 U.S. 239 (1931)...... 2070 Iron Cliffs Co. v. Negaunee Iron Co., 197 U.S. 463 (1905)...... 1987 Iron Workers Local 207 v. Perko, 373 U.S. 701 (1963)...... 292–93, 2579 Irvin v. Dowd, 366 U.S. 717 (1961)...... 714, 1065, 1250, 1637, 1639–40, 2028 Irvine v. California, 347 U.S. 128 (1954)...... 1457–58, 2608 Irvine v. Marshall, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 558 (1858)...... 988–89 Irving Trust Co. v. Day, 314 U.S. 556 (1942)...... 1889 Irwin v. Wright, 258 U.S. 219 (1922)...... 1040 Isbrandtsen-Moller Co. v. United States, 300 U.S. 146 (1937)...... 1570 ISKCON v. Lee, 505 U.S. 672 (1992)...... 1333, 1338 Itel Containers Int’l Corp. v. Huddleston, 507 U.S. 60 (1993)...... 238, 268, 445 Ivanhoe Irrigation Dist. v. McCracken, 357 U.S. 275 (1958)...... 171, 817, 866 J J. E. B. v. Alabama ex rel. T. B., 511 U.S. 127 (1994)...... 2167 J. I. Case Co. v. Borak, 377 U.S. 426 (1964)...... 807, 810 J. McIntyre Machinery, Ltd. v. Nicastro, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–1343, slip op. (2011)...... 1997 J. W. Hampton, Jr. & Co. v. United States, 276 U.S. 394 (1928)...... 76–79, 83, 88, 93, 166 J.D.B. v. North Carolina, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–11121, slip op. (2011)...... 1537–39 Jack v. Kansas, 199 U.S. 372 (1905)...... 2609 Jackman v. Rosenbaum Co., 260 U.S. 22 (1922)...... 1551 Jackson v. Ashton, 33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 148 (1834)...... 688 Jackson v. Bishop, 404 F.2d 571 (8th Cir. 1968)...... 1757 Jackson v. Denno, 378 U.S. 368 (1964)...... 1549–50, 1640, 2609 Jackson v. Indiana, 406 U.S. 715 (1972)...... 1955, 2042, 2064, 2480 Jackson v. Lamphire, 28 U.S. (3 Pet.) 280 (1830)...... 435, 437 Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345 (1974)...... 2066, 2075, 2077, 2080 Jackson v. Roby, 109 U.S. 440 (1883)...... 91 Jackson v. Statler Found., 496 F.2d 623 (2d Cir. 1974)...... 2079 Jackson v. Twentyman, 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 136 (1829)...... 869 Jackson v. United States, 390 U.S. 570 (1968)...... 1514 Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307 (1979)...... 911, 1748, 2036 Jacob v. Roberts, 223 U.S. 261 (1912)...... 1977 Jacobellis v. Ohio, 378 U.S. 184 (1964)...... 885, 1314 Jacobs v. United States, 290 U.S. 13 (1933)...... 1588, 1596 Jacobson v. Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11 (1905)...... 55, 1120, 1123, 1924 Jacobson v. United States, 503 U.S. 540 (1992)...... 2024–25 Jaehne v. New York, 128 U.S. 189 (1888)...... 406 Jago v. Van Curen, 454 U.S. 14 (1981)...... 1977, 2060 James B. Beam Distilling Co. v. Georgia, 501 U.S. 529 (1991)...... 775 James v. Bowman, 190 U.S. 127 (1903)...... 127, 2230, 2248, 2315 James v. Campbell, 104 U.S. 356 (1882)...... 338, 1591 James v. City of Boise, 577 U.S. ___, No. 15–493, slip op. (2016)...... 1021 James v. Dravo Contracting Co., 302 U.S. 134 (1937)..... 376, 378, 450, 1036, 1038, 1911, 2435 James v. Gilmore, 389 U.S. 572 (1968)...... 2470 James v. Illinois, 493 U.S. 307 (1990)...... 1462 James v. Kentucky, 466 U.S. 341 (1983)...... 1513 James v. Strange, 407 U.S. 128 (1972)...... 2088, 2121, 2480 James v. United States, 366 U.S. 213 (1961)...... 771, 2268, 2608 James v. United States, 550 U.S. 192 (2007)...... 1631, 2020–21, 2615 TABLE OF CASES 2691

James v. Valtierra, 402 U.S. 137 (1971)...... 1835, 2142 James-Dickinson Co. v. Harry, 273 U.S. 119 (1927)...... 2011 Jamison v. Texas, 318 U.S. 413 (1943)...... 1332, 1352, 2543 Janney v. Columbia Ins. Co., 23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 411 (1825)...... 824, 829 Japan Line v. County of Los Angeles, 441 U.S. 434 (1979)...... 184, 268–70, 2498 Japan Whaling Ass’n v. American Cetacean Society, 478 U.S. 221 (1986)...... 612, 781, 787 Jaster v. Currie, 198 U.S. 144 (1905)...... 935 Jay v. Boyd, 351 U.S. 345 (1956)...... 1562 Jaybird Mining Co. v. Wier, 271 U.S. 609 (1926)...... 2414 Jean v. Nelson, 472 U.S. 846 (1985)...... 313 Jeanette Rankin Brigade v. Capitol Police Chief, 342 F. Supp. 575 (D.C. 1972)...... 1332 Jeffcott v. Aetna Ins. Co., 129 F.2d 582 (2d Cir. 1942)...... 824 Jeffers v. United States, 432 U.S. 137 (1977)...... 1495, 1501, 1503 Jefferson Branch Bank v. Skelly, 66 U.S. (1 Bl.) 436 (1862)...... 411 Jefferson County v. Acker, 527 U.S. 423 (1999)...... 1039 Jefferson County v. United States, 450 U.S. 901 (1981)...... 2501 Jefferson v. Hackney, 406 U.S. 535 (1972)...... 2088, 2118 Jencks v. United States, 353 U.S. 657 (1957)...... 2032 Jenkes’ Case, 6 How. St. Tr. 1189, 36 Eng. Rep. 518 (1676)...... 1710 Jenkins v. Anderson, 447 U.S. 231 (1980)...... 1514 Jenkins v. Georgia, 418 U.S. 153 (1974)...... 1175, 1317–18 Jenkins v. McKeithen, 395 U.S. 411 (1969)...... 102, 1559 Jenness v. Fortson, 403 U.S. 431 (1971)...... 2189 Jennings v. Brenner, 225 F. Supp. 410 (D.C.D.C. 1966)...... 336 Jennings v. Carson, 8 U.S. (4 Cr.) 2 (1807)...... 826 Jennings v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co., 294 U.S. 216 (1935)...... 2571 Jensen v. Quaring, 472 U.S. 478 (1985)...... 2509 Jernigan v. Lendall, 433 U.S. 901 (1977)...... 2494 Jerome v. United States, 318 U.S. 101 (1943)...... 1482 Jiminez v. Weinberger, 417 U.S. 628 (1974)...... 1568, 2095, 2176, 2180–81, 2337 Jimmy Swaggart Ministries v. California Bd. of Equalization, 493 U.S. 378 (1990).. 1110, 1126, 1131–32, 1134 Jin Fuey Moy v. United States, 254 U.S. 189 (1920)...... 2605 Jinks v. Richland County, 538 U.S. 456 (2003)...... 383 Johanessen v. United States, 225 U.S. 227 (1912)...... 306–07, 393 Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass’n, 544 U.S. 550 (2005)...... 1178, 1263–64 John Doe Agency v. John Doe Corp., 493 U.S. 146 (1989)...... 589 John Hancock Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Bartels, 308 U.S. 180 (1939)...... 1578 John Hancock Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Harris Trust & Sav. Bank, 510 U.S. 86 (1993)...... 278 John Hancock Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Yates, 299 U.S. 178 (1936)...... 956 John v. Paullin, 231 U.S. 583 (1913)...... 986 John Woods & Sons v. Carl, 203 U.S. 358 (1906)...... 339 Johnson Oil Co. v. Oklahoma, 290 U.S. 158 (1933)...... 1902–03, 2428 Johnson v. Avery, 393 U.S. 483 (1969)...... 2217 Johnson v. Browne, 205 U.S. 309 (1907)...... 532 Johnson v. California, 543 U.S. 499 (2005)...... 2053, 2139 Johnson v. Chicago & Paciﬁc Elevator Co., 119 U.S. 388 (1886)...... 399 Johnson v. Eisentrager, 339 U.S. 763 (1950)...... 503, 512, 688, 710, 881, 1553, 1564 Johnson v. Fleet Corp., 280 U.S. 320 (1930)...... 2607 Johnson v. Florida, 391 U.S. 596 (1968)...... 1751, 2036 Johnson v. Haydel, 278 U.S. 16 (1928)...... 2420 Johnson v. Lankford, 245 U.S. 541 (1918)...... 1804, 1809, 2612 Johnson v. Louisiana, 406 U.S. 356 (1972)...... 1066, 1392, 1627–28 2692 TABLE OF CASES

Johnson v. Maryland, 254 U.S. 51 (1920)...... 330, 2403 Johnson v. Mississippi, 403 U.S. 212 (1971)...... 701, 705, 1732 Johnson v. Mississippi, 421 U.S. 213 (1975)...... 809, 919 Johnson v. Mississippi, 486 U.S. 578 (1988)...... 1732 Johnson v. Muelberger, 340 U.S. 581 (1951)...... 944 Johnson v. New Jersey, 384 U.S. 719 (1966)...... 772, 1532, 1534, 1536, 1686 Johnson v. New York Life Ins. Co., 187 U.S. 491 (1903)...... 953 Johnson v. Railway Express Agency, 421 U.S. 454 (1975)...... 1819 Johnson v. Robison, 415 U.S. 361 (1974)...... 880, 886, 1568, 2088 Johnson v. Sayre, 158 U.S. 109 (1895)...... 1478 Johnson v. Texas, 509 U.S. 350 (1993)...... 1729 Johnson v. Transportation Agency, 480 U.S. 616 (1987)...... 2145, 2149 Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10 (1948)...... 1400, 1414–15, 1433 Johnson v. United States, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–7120, slip op. (2015)...... 2020–21, 2346, 2615 Johnson v. Virginia, 373 U.S. 61 (1963)...... 2144 Johnson v. Yellow Cab Co., 321 U.S. 383 (1944)...... 376 Johnson v. Zerbst, 304 U.S. 458 (1938)...... 906, 1545, 1621, 1662, 1664 Johnston v. United States, 351 U.S. 215 (1956)...... 1646 Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Comm. v. McGrath, 341 U.S. 123 (1951)... 726, 736, 749, 754, 1180, 1216, 1556, 1962, 1979 Joint Industrial Bd. v. United States, 391 U.S. 224 (1968)...... 320 Jones ex rel. Louisiana v. Bowles, 322 U.S. 707 (1944)...... 853 Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co., 392 U.S. 409 (1968).... 230, 1772, 1817–19, 2084, 2142, 2228–29, 2314, 2610 Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co., 392 U.S. 409 (1968)...... 1817 Jones v. Barnes, 463 U.S. 745 (1983)...... 1672 Jones v. City of Opelika, 319 U.S. 103 (1943)...... 2544 Jones v. City of Portland, 245 U.S. 217 (1917)...... 1897 Jones v. Cunningham, 371 U.S. 236 (1963)...... 710, 713 Jones v. Flowers, 547 U.S. 220 (2006)...... 1961, 2004, 2530 Jones v. Georgia, 389 U.S. 24 (1967)...... 2137 Jones v. Helms, 452 U.S. 412 (1981)...... 2206, 2209 Jones v. League, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 76 (1855)...... 856 Jones v. Meehan, 175 U.S. 1 (1899)...... 547, 2316–17 Jones v. North Carolina Prisoners’ Union, 433 U.S. 119 (1977)...... 1254, 2053 Jones v. Opelika, 316 U.S. 584 (1942)...... 1126, 1335, 2544, 2607 Jones v. Opelika, 319 U.S. 103 (1943)...... 1126, 2607 Jones v. Rath Packing Co., 430 U.S. 519 (1977)...... 273, 275, 288, 1019, 2585 Jones v. Robbins, 74 Mass. (8 Gray) 329 (1857)...... 1552 Jones v. Thomas, 491 U.S. 376 (1989)...... 1499 Jones v. Union Guano Co., 264 U.S. 171 (1924)...... 2007 Jones v. United States, 137 U.S. 202 (1890)...... 610, 780, 868, 1647 Jones v. United States, 357 U.S. 493 (1958)...... 1410, 1414 Jones v. United States, 362 U.S. 257 (1960)...... 1384, 1399–1403, 1469–70, 2612 Jones v. United States, 463 U.S. 354 (1983)...... 2042 Jones v. United States, 527 U.S. 373 (1999)...... 1727 Jones v. United States, 529 U.S. 848 (2000)...... 223, 226 Jones v. Van Zandt, 46 U.S. (5 How.) 215 (1847)...... 980 Jones v. Wolf, 443 U.S. 595 (1979)...... 1079–80 Jordan v. Massachusetts, 225 U.S. 167 (1912)...... 2005, 2015 Jordan v. Silver, 381 U.S. 415 (1965)...... 2466 Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson, 343 U.S. 495 (1952)...... 1171, 1265, 1292, 1311, 2449, 2608 Joseph E. Seagram & Sons v. Hostetter, 384 U.S. 35 (1966)...... 2286, 2293, 2613 TABLE OF CASES 2693

Joseph v. Carter & Weekes Stevedoring Co., 330 U.S. 422 (1947)...... 245, 2545, 2611 Jourdan v. Barrett, 45 U.S. (4 How.) 169 (1846)...... 989 Journeymen & Plumbers’ Union v. Borden, 373 U.S. 690 (1962)...... 292–93, 2579 Journeymen Plumbers’ Union v. County of Door, 359 U.S. 354 (1959)...... 208 Joy v. St. Louis, 201 U.S. 332 (1906)...... 987 Joyner v. Browning, 30 F. Supp. 512 (W.D. Tenn. 1939)...... 508 Judicial Watch, Inc. v. U.S. Senate, 432 F.3d 359 (D.C. Cir. 2005)...... 135 Juidice v. Vail, 430 U.S. 327 (1977)...... 904 Juilliard v. Greenman, 110 U.S. 421 (1884)...... 75, 324, 382–83, 403 Jungerson v. Ostby & Barton Co., 335 U.S. 560 (1949)...... 334 Jurek v. Texas, 428 U.S. 262 (1976)...... 1722, 1724–25 Jurney v. MacCracken, 294 U.S. 125 (1935)...... 110 Just v. Chambers, 312 U.S. 383 (1941)...... 834 Justices of Boston Mun. Court v. Lydon, 466 U.S. 294 (1984)...... 713, 1496 K Kadrmas v. Dickinson Pub. Schools, 487 U.S. 450 (1988)...... 2223 Kahn v. Shevin, 416 U.S. 351 (1974)...... 2102, 2145, 2172–73 Kaiser Aetna v. United States, 444 U.S. 164 (1979)...... 1596, 1600, 1609 Kake Village v. Egan, 369 U.S. 60 (1962)...... 987 Kalb v. Feurerstein, 308 U.S. 433 (1940)...... 322 Kalem Co. v. Harper Bros., 222 U.S. 55 (1911)...... 337 Kaley v. United States, 571 U.S. ___, No. 12–464, slip op. (2014)...... 1667 Kanapaux v. Ellisor, 419 U.S. 891 (1974)...... 973, 2207 Kane v. Garcia Espitia, 546 U.S. 9 (2005)...... 1677 Kane v. New Jersey, 242 U.S. 160 (1916)...... 248, 937 Kansas City Ry. v. Anderson, 233 U.S. 325 (1914)...... 1874 Kansas City Ry. v. Kansas, 240 U.S. 227 (1916)...... 1911 Kansas City Ry. v. Road Dist., 266 U.S. 379 (1924)...... 1900, 2404 Kansas City So. Ry. v. Road Improv. Dist. No. 6, 256 U.S. 658 (1921)...... 2110, 2404 Kansas City, M. & B.R.R. v. Stiles, 242 U.S. 111 (1916)...... 1911 Kansas Indians, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 737 (1867)...... 546 Kansas Pac. Ry. v. Prescott, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 603 (1873)...... 2604 Kansas v. Carr, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–449, slip op. (2016)...... 816, 1729–30 Kansas v. Colorado, 206 U.S. 46 (1907)...... 74, 750, 845, 1791 Kansas v. Colorado, 533 U.S. 1 (2001)...... 1791 Kansas v. Crane, 532 U.S. 930 (2001)...... 1957 Kansas v. Hendricks, 521 U.S. 346 (1997)...... 392, 1484, 1956–57 Kansas v. Marsh, 548 U.S. 163 (2006)...... 1727 Kansas v. Marsh, 548 U.S. 163, 184 (2006)...... 816 Kansas v. Nebraska, 574 U.S. ___, No. 126, Orig., slip op. (2015)...... 849 Kansas v. United States, 204 U.S. 331 (1907)...... 840, 853 Kansas v. Ventris, 556 U.S. ___, No. 07–1356, slip op. (Apr. 29, 2009)...... 1679–80, 1683 Kaplan v. California, 413 U.S. 115 (1973)...... 1318 Karahalios v. National Fed’n of Fed. Employees, 489 U.S. 527 (1989)...... 810 Karcher v. Daggett, 462 U.S. 725 (1983)...... 114, 2193, 2196, 2199, 2506 Karcher v. Daggett, 466 U.S. 910 (1983)...... 2198, 2204 Karcher v. May, 484 U.S. 72 (1987)...... 739 Karlan v. City of Cincinnati, 416 U.S. 924 (1974)...... 1291 Kassel v. Consolidated Freightways Corp., 450 U.S. 662 (1981)...... 266, 2088, 2501 Kastigar v. United States, 406 U.S. 441 (1972)...... 1517–19 Katchen v. Landy, 382 U.S. 323 (1966)...... 320–21, 1696 Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967)...... 1381, 1384–89, 1399, 1414, 1436–37, 1449–51, 1469, 1476, 2609 2694 TABLE OF CASES

Katzenbach v. McClung, 379 U.S. 294 (1964)...... 180–81, 220, 229–30, 1772, 1819, 2065 Katzenbach v. McClung, 379 U.S. 294 (1965)...... 1819 Katzenbach v. Morgan, 384 U.S. 641 (1966)...... 115, 2228, 2233–35 Kauffman v. Wootters, 137 U.S. 15 (1890)...... 1988 Kaufman v. United States, 394 U.S. 217 (1969)...... 709, 908 Kaukauna Water Power Co. v. Green Bay & Miss. Canal Co., 142 U.S. 254 (1891)...... 190 Kaupp v. Texas, 538 U.S. 626 (2003)...... 1390, 1392 Kawakita v. United States, 343 U.S. 717 (1952)...... 304, 924 Kawananakoa v. Polyblank, 205 U.S. 349 (1907)...... 838, 1790 Keating v. Public Nat’l Bank, 284 U.S. 587 (1932)...... 2569 Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral, 344 U.S. 94 (1952)...... 1078, 2449 Keefe v. Clark, 322 U.S. 393 (1944)...... 428 Keene v. McDonough, 33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 308 (1834)...... 780 Keeney v. New York, 222 U.S. 525 (1912)...... 1898, 2104 Keeney v. Tamayo-Reyes, 504 U.S. 1 (1992)...... 907–08, 910, 912, 2613 Keeton v. Hustler Magazine, 465 U.S. 770 (1984)...... 1995 Keifer & Keifer v. RFC, 306 U.S. 381 (1939)...... 843 Keith v. Clark, 97 U.S. 454 (1878)...... 2373 Keller v. Potomac Elec. Co., 261 U.S. 428 (1923)...... 376, 678, 2320 Keller v. State Bar of California, 496 U.S. 1 (1990)...... 1193–94 Keller v. United States, 213 U.S. 138 (1909)...... 179, 315, 1769, 2319 Kelly v. City of Pittsburgh, 104 U.S. 78 (1881)...... 1896 Kelly v. Ohio, 416 U.S. 923 (1974)...... 1291 Kelly v. Robinson, 479 U.S. 36 (1986)...... 322 Kelly v. South Carolina, 534 U.S. 246 (2002)...... 1731 Kelly v. South Carolina, 534 U.S. 246, 252 (2002)...... 2048 Kelly v. Washington, 302 U.S. 1 (1937)...... 248 Kelo v. City of New London, 545 U.S. 469 (2005)...... 1582, 1585 Kemp v. Beasley, 352 F.2d 14 (8th Cir. 1965)...... 2125 Kendall v. United States ex rel. Stokes, 37 U.S. (12 Pet.) 524 (1838)...... 375, 617, 621, 639, 642–43, 709, 778 Kendall v. Winsor, 62 U.S. (21 How.) 322 (1859)...... 331 Kennecott Copper Corp. v. State Tax Comm’n, 327 U.S. 573 (1947)...... 1794, 1806 Kennedy v. Jones, 412 F. Supp. 353 (D.D.C. 1976)...... 151 Kennedy v. Louisiana, 128 S. Ct. 2461 (2008)...... 1721, 1735, 1737–38, 2530 Kennedy v. Louisiana, 554 U.S. 407 (2008)...... 2530 Kennedy v. Mendoza-Martinez, 372 U.S. 144 (1963)...... 304, 311, 1630, 2329 Kennedy v. Sampson, 511 F.2d 430 (D.C. Cir. 1974)...... 151–52, 751 Kennett v. Chambers, 55 U.S. (14 How.) 38 (1852)...... 780–81 Kenney v. Supreme Lodge, 252 U.S. 411 (1920)...... 933 Kennon v. Gilmer, 131 U.S. 22 (1889)...... 1693 Kent v. Dulles, 357 U.S. 116 (1958)...... 95, 464 Kent v. United States, 383 U.S. 541 (1966)...... 2047, 2061 Kentucky Co. v. Paramount Exch., 262 U.S. 544 (1923)...... 1838, 2409 Kentucky Dep’t of Corrections v. Thompson, 490 U.S. 454 (1989)...... 1977 Kentucky Finance Corp. v. Paramount Auto Exchange Corp., 262 U.S. 544 (1923)...... 2083 Kentucky Railroad Tax Cases, 115 U.S. 321 (1885)...... 1919 Kentucky Union Co. v. Kentucky, 219 U.S. 140 (1911)...... 404, 2010, 2108 Kentucky v. Dennison, 65 U.S. (24 How.) 66 (1861)...... 90, 870, 978–79, 1047–49, 2613 Kentucky v. Indiana, 281 U.S. 163 (1930)...... 845 Kentucky v. King, 563 U.S. ___, No. 09–1272, slip op. (2011)...... 1383 Kentucky v. Powers, 201 U.S. 1 (1906)...... 878, 918 Kentucky v. Stincer, 482 U.S. 730 (1987)...... 1659 TABLE OF CASES 2695

Kentucky v. Whorton, 441 U.S. 786 (1979)...... 2016, 2029, 2035 Kentucky Whip & Collar Co. v. Ill. Cent. R.R., 299 U.S. 334 (1937)...... 218, 1569, 1771 Keokee Coke Co. v. Taylor, 234 U.S. 224 (1914)...... 1852, 2116 Kepner v. United States, 195 U.S. 100 (1904)...... 1485, 1490, 1495 Ker v. California, 374 U.S. 23 (1963)...... 1065–66, 1399, 1411, 1438, 1458–59 Ker v. Illinois, 119 U.S. 436 (1886)...... 980, 1392 Kermarec v. Compagnie Generale Transatlantique, 358 U.S. 625 (1959)...... 831, 833 Kern-Limerick, Inc. v. Scurlock, 347 U.S. 110 (1954)...... 1037, 2450 Kerner v. United States, 417 U.S. 976 (1974)...... 654 Kerr v. Enoch Pratt Free Library, 149 F.2d 212 (4th Cir. 1945)...... 2079 Kerr v. Moon, 22 U.S. (9 Wheat.) 565 (1824)...... 950 Kerry v. Din, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–1402, slip op. (2015)...... 1561 Kersh Lake Dist. v. Johnson, 309 U.S. 485 (1940)...... 933 Kesler v. Department of Pub. Safety, 369 U.S. 153 (1962)...... 323, 1894, 2609–10 Kewanee Oil Co. v. Bicron Corp., 416 U.S. 470 (1974)...... 340 Key v. Doyle, 434 U.S. 59 (1978)...... 680 Keyes v. Denver School District, 413 U.S. 189 (1973)...... 2068, 2097, 2130–32 Keyishian v. Board of Regents, 385 U.S. 589 (1967)...... 761, 764, 1170, 1207–08, 2468, 2609 Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass’n v. DeBenedictis, 480 U.S. 470 (1987).. 1597, 1601, 1611, 1885 Keystone Mfg. Co. v. Adams, 151 U.S. 139 (1894)...... 333 Kharaiti Ram Samras v. United States, 125 F.2d 879 (9th Cir. 1942)...... 302 Kidd v. Pearson, 128 U.S. 1 (1888)...... 178–79, 239, 1892 Kidd, Dater Co. v. Musselman Grocer Co., 217 U.S. 461 (1910)...... 1876 Kiefer-Stewart Co. v. Jos. E. Seagram & Sons, 340 U.S. 211 (1951)...... 2293, 2612 Kiernan v. City of Portland, 223 U.S. 151 (1912)...... 780, 992 Kikumura v. Hurley, 242 F.3d 950 (10th Cir. 2001)...... 1136 Kilbourn v. Thompson, 103 U.S. 168 (1881)...... 97–100, 109, 139–40, 143–44, 2604 Kilgarlin v. Hill, 386 U.S. 120 (1967)...... 2193, 2201 Killian v. Ebbinghaus, 110 U.S. 568 (1884)...... 1698 Kim Young v. California, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)...... 2543 Kimball Laundry Co. v. United States, 338 U.S. 1 (1949)...... 369, 1587, 1592 Kimbrough v. United States, 128 S. Ct. 558 (2007)...... 802, 1636 Kimel v. Florida Bd. of Regents, 528 U.S. 62 (2000)...... 1798–99, 2237–38, 2341–42 Kimm v. Rosenberg, 363 U.S. 405 (1960)...... 317, 1562 Kimmelman v. Morrison, 477 U.S. 365 (1986)...... 911 King v. Cross, 175 U.S. 396 (1899)...... 951 King v. Mullins, 171 U.S. 404 (1898)...... 1919 King v. Order of Commercial Travelers of America, 333 U.S. 153 (1948)...... 863 King v. Sanchez, 459 U.S. 801 (1982)...... 2505 King v. Smith, 392 U.S. 309 (1968)...... 174, 1019 Kingdomware Techs., Inc. v. United States, 579 U.S. ___, No. 14–916, slip op. (2016)...... 769 Kingsley Books v. Brown, 354 U.S. 436 (1957)...... 1153, 1405 Kingsley Pictures Corp. v. Regents, 360 U.S. 684 (1959)...... 1292, 1311, 2454 Kingsley v. Hendrickson, 576 U.S. ___, No. 14–6368, slip op. at 6–7 (2015)...... 2052 Kinsella v. Krueger, 351 U.S. 470 (1956)...... 358, 2608 Kinsella v. United States, 361 U.S. 234 (1960)...... 358, 2330 Kirby Forest Industries v. United States, 467 U.S. 1 (1984)...... 1588 Kirby v. Illinois, 406 U.S. 682 (1972)...... 1685–86, 2027 Kirby v. United States, 174 U.S. 47 (1899)...... 1648–49, 2316 Kirchberg v. Feenstra, 450 U.S. 455 (1981)...... 2165–67, 2501 Kirk v. Gong, 389 U.S. 574 (1968)...... 2470 Kirk v. Louisiana, 536 U.S. 635 (2002)...... 1387 Kirkpatrick v. Preisler, 385 U.S. 450 (1967)...... 113, 2193–94, 2468, 2472 2696 TABLE OF CASES

Kirkpatrick v. Preisler, 394 U.S. 526 (1968)...... 2472 Kirmeyer v. Kansas, 236 U.S. 568 (1915)...... 2564 Kirschbaum v. Walling, 316 U.S. 517 (1942)...... 180, 210 Kirtland v. Hotchkiss, 100 U.S. 491 (1879)...... 977, 1835, 1904 Kitchens v. Smith, 401 U.S. 847 (1971)...... 1665 Klaxon Co. v. Stentor Manufacturing Co., 313 U.S. 487 (1941)...... 864 Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753 (1972)...... 313, 1211, 1561–62 Kleppe v. New Mexico, 426 U.S. 529 (1976)...... 989, 2585 Kline v. Burke Constr. Co., 260 U.S. 226 (1922)...... 688, 878 Klinger v. Missouri, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 257 (1872)...... 404, 817 Klopfer v. North Carolina, 386 U.S. 213 (1967)...... 1064, 1617, 1619 Knapp v. Schweitzer, 357 U.S. 371 (1958)...... 108, 1516, 2609 Knapp, Stout & Co. v. McCaffrey, 177 U.S. 638 (1900)...... 824 Knauer v. United States, 328 U.S. 654 (1946)...... 306–07 Kneedler v. Lane, 45 Pa. St. 238 (1863)...... 351 Knickerbocker Ice Co. v. Stewart, 253 U.S. 149 (1920)...... 384, 822, 830, 2321, 2324 Knight v. Board of Regents, 269 F. Supp. 339 (S.D.N.Y. 1967)...... 1179 Knight v. U.S. Land Ass’n, 142 U.S. 161 (1891)...... 982, 986 Knights of Pythias v. Meyer, 265 U.S. 30 (1924)...... 963 Knote v. United States, 95 U.S. 149 (1877)...... 400–01, 521, 926 Knowles v. Iowa, 525 U.S. 113 (1998)...... 1430–31, 2524 Knowlton v. Moore, 178 U.S. 41 (1900)...... 162, 395–96, 2259 Knox v. Greenleaf, 4 U.S. (4 Dall.) 360 (1802)...... 856 Knox v. Lee (Legal Tender Cases), 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 457 (1871)...... 2311, 2604 Knox v. Service Employees International Union, 567 U.S. ___, No. 10–1121, slip op. (2012)...... 1195 Knoxville Iron Co. v. Harbison, 183 U.S. 13 (1901)...... 1852, 2116 Knoxville v. Water Co., 212 U.S. 1 (1909)...... 1864, 1866 Koekuk & Hamilton Bridge Co. v. United States, 260 U.S. 125 (1922)...... 838 Koenig v. Flynn, 285 U.S. 375 (1932)...... 112, 124 Kohl v. United States, 91 U.S. 367 (1876)...... 326, 380, 1580–81, 1584 Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co., 511 U.S. 375 (1994)...... 812 Kolender v. Lawson, 461 U.S. 352 (1983)...... 2019, 2022, 2506 Kolovrat v. Oregon, 366 U.S. 187 (1961)...... 524, 527–28 Konigsberg v. State Bar of California, 366 U.S. 36 (1961)...... 404, 1166, 1169–70, 1181, 1202, 1285 Koon v. Aiken, 480 U.S. 943 (1987)...... 815 Koontz v. St. Johns River Water Management District, 570 U.S. ___, No. 11–1447 (2013)...... 1606–07 Kopel v. Bingham, 211 U.S. 468 (1909)...... 977 Korematsu v. United States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944)...... 366, 492, 2090, 2158 Korematsu v. United States, 584 F. Supp. 1406 (N.D. Cal. 1984)...... 492 Koshland v. Helvering, 298 U.S. 441 (1936)...... 2263 Kossick v. United Fruit Co., 365 U.S. 731 (1961)...... 824–25, 831 Kosydar v. National Cash Register Co., 417 U.S. 62 (1974)...... 443 Kotch v. Board of River Port Pilot Comm’rs, 330 U.S. 552 (1947)...... 2085, 2087, 2118 Kotteakos v. United States, 328 U.S. 750 (1946)...... 1513, 1748 Kountze v. Omaha Hotel Co., 107 U.S. 378 (1883)...... 2604 Kovacs v. Brewer, 356 U.S. 602 (1958)...... 948 Kovacs v. Cooper, 336 U.S. 77 (1949)...... 800, 1169, 1354, 1357 Kowalski v. Tesmer, 543 U.S. 123 (2004)...... 747 Kraft Gen. Foods v. Iowa Dep’t of Revenue, 505 U.S. 71 (1992)...... 257, 268, 2519 Kramer v. Caribbean Mills, 394 U.S. 823 (1969)...... 858 TABLE OF CASES 2697

Kramer v. Chemical Construction Corp., 456 U.S. 461 (1982)...... 898 Kramer v. Union Free School Dist., 395 U.S. 621 (1969)... 115, 800, 2093–94, 2182, 2184, 2473 Kreiger v. Kreiger, 334 U.S. 555 (1948)...... 945 Kremen v. United States, 353 U.S. 346 (1957)...... 1404, 1424–25 Kremens v. Bartley, 431 U.S. 119 (1977)...... 770 Kremer v. Chemical Const. Corp., 456 U.S. 461 (1982)...... 962 Kreshik v. St. Nicholas Cathedral, 363 U.S. 190 (1960)...... 1078 Kring v. Missouri, 107 U.S. 221 (1883)...... 409, 2375, 2613 Krulewitch v. United States, 336 U.S. 440 (1949)...... 1648 Kryger v. Wilson, 242 U.S. 171 (1916)...... 953 Kuchner v. Irving Trust Co., 299 U.S. 445 (1937)...... 1578 Kuhlmann v. Wilson, 477 U.S. 436 (1986)...... 908, 912, 915 Kuhn v. Fairmont Coal Co., 215 U.S. 349 (1910)...... 860 Kulko v. Superior Court, 436 U.S. 84 (1978)...... 1989, 1995 Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759 (1988)...... 306 Kunz v. New York, 340 U.S. 290 (1951)...... 1127, 1149, 1171, 1331–33, 1335, 1344, 2546 Kurns v. Railroad Friction Products Corp., 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–879, slip op. (2012)...... 282, 2599 Kurtz v. Moffitt, 115 U.S. 487 (1885)...... 357, 624 Kusper v. Pontikes, 414 U.S. 51 (1973)...... 1188, 2186, 2485 Kwock Jan Fat v. White, 253 U.S. 454 (1920)...... 1560 Kwong Hai Chew v. Colding, 344 U.S. 590 (1953)...... 314, 1560 Kyles v. Whitley, 514 U.S. 419 (1995)...... 2034–35 Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001)...... 1384–87 L L. P. Steuart & Bro. v. Bowles, 322 U.S. 398 (1944)...... 94 La Abra Silver Mining Co. v. United States, 175 U.S. 423 (1899)...... 149, 532, 691, 727 La Bourgogne, 210 U.S. 95 (1908)...... 829 La Crosse Tel. Corp. v. WERB, 336 U.S. 18 (1949)...... 2575 La Tourette v. McMaster, 248 U.S. 465 (1919)...... 974, 1879, 2209 La Vallee v. Della Rose, 410 U.S. 690 (1973)...... 1550 LaBelle Iron Works v. United States, 256 U.S. 377 (1921)...... 162, 1573 Labine v. Vincent, 401 U.S. 532 (1971)...... 2091, 2176–78 Lacassagne v. Chapuis, 144 U.S. 119 (1892)...... 869 Ladew v. Tennessee Copper Co., 218 U.S. 357 (1910)...... 878 Ladner v. United States, 355 U.S. 282 (1958)...... 2608 Ladner v. United States, 358 U.S. 169 (1958)...... 2608 Lafayette Ins. Co. v. French, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 404 (1855)...... 936, 1990 Laﬂer v. Cooper, 566 U.S. ___, No. 10–209, slip op. (2012)...... 1668, 1673–75 Laird v. Tatum, 408 U.S. 1 (1972)...... 732, 740, 1943 Lake County Estates v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 440 U.S. 391 (1979)...... 1793–94 Lake Erie & W.R.R. v. Public Util. Comm’n, 249 U.S. 422 (1919)...... 1871 Lake Shore & M.S. Ry. v. Prentice, 147 U.S. 101 (1893)...... 860 Lake Shore & Mich. So. Ry. v. Clough, 242 U.S. 375 (1917)...... 1870 Lake Shore & Mich. So. Ry. v. Ohio, 173 U.S. 285 (1899)...... 247 Lake Shore & Mich. So. Ry. v. Smith, 173 U.S. 684 (1899)...... 424, 2383, 2605 Lakeside v. Oregon, 435 U.S. 333 (1978)...... 1513 Lalli v. Lalli, 439 U.S. 259 (1978)...... 2092, 2176–78 Lam Mow v. Nagle, 24 F.2d 316 (9th Cir. 1928)...... 1831 Lamar v. United States, 241 U.S. 103 (1916)...... 1647 Lambert v. California, 355 U.S. 225 (1957)...... 1751, 2023, 2548 Lambrix v. Singletary, 520 I.S. 518 (1997)...... 773, 911 Lamb’s Chapel v. Center Moriches School Dist., 508 U.S. 384 (1993)...... 1107, 1335 2698 TABLE OF CASES

Lamont v. Postmaster General, 381 U.S. 301 (1965)...... 328–29, 1143, 1167, 1210–11, 2336 Lampasas v. Bell, 180 U.S. 276 (1901)...... 727 Lancaster v. McCarty, 267 U.S. 427 (1925)...... 2568 Lance v. Coffman, 549 U.S. 437 (2007)...... 732 Land v. Dollar, 330 U.S. 731 (1947)...... 840–42 Landgraf v. USI Film Prods., 511 U.S. 244, 266–67 (1994)...... 883 Landis v. N. Am. Co., 299 U.S. 248, 254 (1936)...... 721 Landmark Communications v. Virginia, 435 U.S. 829 (1978)...... 1147, 1162, 1310, 2496 Lane v. Brown, 372 U.S. 477 (1963)...... 2216, 2459 Lane v. Franks, 573 U.S. ___, No. 13–483, slip op. (2014)...... 1222 Lane v. Vick, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 464 (1845)...... 860 Lane v. Williams, 455 U.S. 624 (1982)...... 767 Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268 (1939)...... 896, 2096, 2245, 2437 Langenkamp v. Culp, 498 U.S. 42 (1990)...... 1698 Lankford v. Gelston, 364 F.2d 197 (4th Cir. 1966)...... 1453 Lankford v. Idaho, 500 U.S. 110 (1991)...... 2047 Lankford v. Platte Iron Works Co., 235 U.S. 461 (1915)...... 1804 Lanzetta v. New Jersey, 306 U.S. 451 (1939)...... 748, 1170, 2019, 2437 Lapeyre v. United States, 84 U.S. (17 Wall.) 191 (1873)...... 149 Lapides v. Board of Regents, 535 U.S. 613 (2002)...... 1796, 2614 Large Oil Co. v. Howard, 248 U.S. 549 (1919)...... 1044, 2608 Largent v. Texas, 318 U.S. 418 (1943)...... 2544 Larkin v. Grendel’s Den, 459 U.S. 116 (1982)...... 1119, 1888, 2291, 2505 Larson v. Domestic & Foreign Commerce Corp., 337 U.S. 682 (1949)...... 840–42, 1781, 1800 Larson v. Valente, 456 U.S. 228 (1982)...... 1076, 1113, 1125, 1127, 1355, 2503 Lascelles v. Georgia, 148 U.S. 537 (1893)...... 980 Lassiter v. Department of Social Services, 452 U.S. 18 (1981)...... 1967, 1975, 2007, 2221 Lassiter v. Northampton County Bd. of Elections, 360 U.S. 45 (1959)...... 2181–82, 2233, 2247 Lassiter v. United States, 371 U.S. 10 (1962)...... 2458, 2581 Lathrop v. Donohue, 367 U.S. 820 (1961)...... 1193 Lau v. Nichols, 414 U.S. 563 (1974)...... 171, 174 Lauf v. E. G. Shinner & Co., 303 U.S. 323 (1938)...... 717, 879 Lavender v. Clark, 329 U.S. 674 (1946)...... 889 Law Students Civil Rights Research Council v. Wadmond, 401 U.S. 154 (1971)...... 1179, 1181–82, 1202, 1204 Lawn v. United States, 355 U.S. 339 (1958)...... 1478 Lawrence County v. Lead-Deadwood School Dist., 469 U.S. 256 (1985)...... 1019, 2590 Lawrence v. Shaw, 300 U.S. 345 (1937)...... 2572 Lawrence v. State Tax Comm’n, 286 U.S. 276 (1932)...... 1912 Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003)...... 1926, 1947, 1950–51, 2529, 2614 Lawton v. Steele, 152 U.S. 133 (1894)...... 1603 League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry, 548 U.S. 399 (2006)..... 114, 2200–01, 2597 League v. Texas, 184 U.S. 156 (1902)...... 1919 Leary v. United States, 395 U.S. 6 (1969)...... 163, 1523, 2040, 2333–34 Leather’s Best, Inc. v. S. S. Mormaclynx, 451 F.2d 800 (2d Cir. 1971)...... 813 Leathers v. Medlock, 499 U.S. 439 (1991)...... 1276–77, 1283 Lebron v. National R.R. Passenger Corp., 513 U.S. 374 (1995)...... 1144 Lee Art Theatre, Inc. v. Virginia, 392 U.S. 636 (1968)...... 1406 Lee v. Bickell, 292 U.S. 415 (1934)...... 1804 Lee v. Chesapeake & Ohio Ry., 260 U.S. 653 (1923)...... 2605 Lee v. Florida, 392 U.S. 378 (1968)...... 1447, 2610 Lee v. Illinois, 476 U.S. 530 (1986)...... 1651–52 Lee v. International Soc’y for Krishna Consciousness, 505 U.S. 830 (1992)...... 2555 TABLE OF CASES 2699

Lee v. ISKCON, 505 U.S. 830 (1992)...... 1338 Lee v. Madigan, 358 U.S. 228 (1959)...... 358, 781, 1478 Lee v. Nyquist, 318 F. Supp. 710 (W.D.N.Y. 1970)...... 2072 Lee v. Osceola Imp. Dist., 268 U.S. 643 (1925)...... 1040, 2412 Lee v. United States, 432 U.S. 23 (1977)...... 1488, 1494 Lee v. Washington, 390 U.S. 333 (1968)...... 2053, 2090, 2144, 2470 Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992)...... 1076–77, 1104–05, 2555 Leeds & Catlin Co. v. Victor Talk. Mach. (No. 2), 213 U.S. 325 (1909)...... 2607 Lefkowitz v. C.D.R. Enterprises, 429 U.S. 1031 (1977)...... 2492 Lefkowitz v. Cunningham, 431 U.S. 801 (1977)...... 1512, 2494 Lefkowitz v. Newsome, 420 U.S. 283 (1975)...... 713, 2044 Lefkowitz v. Turley, 414 U.S. 70 (1973)...... 1512, 2485 Legal Services Corp. v. Valazquez, 531 U.S. 533 (2001)...... 1260–61, 2353–54 Legal Tender Cases (Knox v. Lee), 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 457 (1871)...... 75, 123, 175, 324–25, 383, 801, 1577, 1594, 1596, 2311, 2604 Legislature of Louisiana v. United States, 367 U.S. 908 (1961)...... 2457 Lego v. Twomey, 404 U.S. 477 (1972)...... 1550 Lehigh Valley R.R. v. Commissioners, 278 U.S. 24 (1928)...... 1870 Lehman Brothers v. Schein, 416 U.S. 386 (1974)...... 895 Lehman v. City of Shaker Heights, 418 U.S. 298 (1974)...... 1333–34 Lehman v. United States ex rel. Carson, 353 U.S. 685 (1957)...... 392 Lehmann v. State Board of Public Accountancy, 263 U.S. 394 (1923)...... 406 Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Ass’n, 500 U.S. 507 (1991)...... 1194 Lehnhausen v. Lake Shore Auto Parts Co., 410 U.S. 356 (1973)...... 2102, 2104, 2610 Lehon v. Atlanta, 242 U.S. 53 (1916)...... 1882 Lehr v. Robertson, 463 U.S. 248 (1983)...... 2211 Leigh v. Green, 193 U.S. 79 (1904)...... 1919–20 Leis v. Flynt, 439 U.S. 438 (1979)...... 1971 Leisy v. Hardin, 135 U.S. 100 (1890)...... 235, 239, 327, 2379, 2604 Leiter Minerals v. United States, 352 U.S. 220 (1957)...... 897 Leland v. Oregon, 343 U.S. 790 (1952)...... 2037 Leloup v. Port of Mobile, 127 U.S. 640 (1888)...... 245, 2536, 2604 Lemieux v. Young, 211 U.S. 489 (1909)...... 1876, 2114 Lemke v. Farmers Grain Co., 258 U.S. 50 (1922)...... 201, 248, 2406 Lemke v. Homer Farmers Elevator Co., 258 U.S. 65 (1922)...... 2406 Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602 (1971)...... 1074–77, 1083, 1085–88, 1091–92, 1104–05, 1107–08, 1114, 1116, 2477 Lemon v. Kurtzman, 411 U.S. 192 (1973)...... 771–72, 2477 Leng May Ma v. Barber, 357 U.S. 185 (1958)...... 1560 Lenhard v. Wolff, 444 U.S. 807 (1979)...... 1719 Lerner v. Casey, 357 U.S. 468 (1958)...... 1206, 1516 Leser v. Garnett, 258 U.S. 130 (1922)...... 137, 782, 998, 1011 Leslie Miller, Inc. v. Arkansas, 352 U.S. 187 (1956)...... 1033, 2577 Letter Carriers v. Austin, 418 U.S. 264 (1974)...... 293, 1304, 2584 Levering & Garrigues Co. v. Morrin, 289 U.S. 103 (1933)...... 806, 812 Levin v. Commerce Energy, Inc., 560 U.S. ___, No. 09–223, slip op. (2010)...... 893 Levine v. United States, 362 U.S. 610 (1960)...... 1622 Levinson v. Deupree, 345 U.S. 648 (1953)...... 834, 866 Levitt v. Committee for Public Educ. & Religious Liberty, 413 U.S. 472 (1973)...... 1089, 2484 Levy Leasing Co. v. Siegel, 258 U.S. 242 (1922)...... 438 Levy v. Louisiana, 391 U.S. 68 (1968)...... 2083, 2091, 2176, 2471 Lewis Blue Point Oyster Co. v. Briggs, 229 U.S. 82 (1913)...... 1596 Lewis Publishing Co. v. Morgan, 229 U.S. 288 (1913)...... 328 2700 TABLE OF CASES

Lewis v. BT Investment Managers, Inc., 447 U.S. 27 (1980)...... 266, 2500 Lewis v. Casey, 518 U.S. 343 (1996)...... 734, 2053 Lewis v. City of New Orleans, 415 U.S. 130 (1974)...... 748, 1171, 1291, 2551 Lewis v. Cocks, 90 U.S. (23 Wall.) 466 (1874)...... 1698 Lewis v. Continental Bank Corp., 494 U.S. 472 (1990)...... 765–67 Lewis v. Jeffers, 497 U.S. 764 (1990)...... 714, 1725, 1748 Lewis v. Martin, 397 U.S. 552 (1970)...... 2583 Lewis v. United States, 146 U.S. 370 (1892)...... 1643 Lewis v. United States, 348 U.S. 419 (1955)...... 163, 165, 230, 1368–69, 1522–23, 1773 Lewis v. United States, 385 U.S. 206 (1966)...... 1433 Lewis v. United States, 445 U.S. 55 (1980)...... 1368 Lewis v. United States, 518 U.S. 322 (1996)...... 1629 Leyra v. Denno, 347 U.S. 556 (1954)...... 1531–32 L’Hote v. New Orleans, 177 U.S. 587 (1900)...... 1894, 2113 Liberato v. Royer, 270 U.S. 535 (1926)...... 528 Liberty Oil Co. v. Condon Bank, 260 U.S. 235 (1922)...... 1699 Liberty Warehouse Co. v. Burley Growers’ Coop. Marketing Ass’n, 276 U.S. 71 (1928)...... 691, 1831 Liberty Warehouse Co. v. Grannis, 273 U.S. 70 (1927)...... 691 Library of Congress v. Shaw, 461 U.S. 273 (1983)...... 839 License Cases, 46 U.S. (5 How.) 504 (1847)...... 179, 184, 234, 1023 License Tax Cases, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 462 (1867)...... 157, 165 Lichter v. United States, 334 U.S. 742 (1948)...... 78, 85–86, 92, 346, 352, 361–62, 369 Lieberman v. Van De Carr, 199 U.S. 552, 562 (1905)...... 1960, 2112 Life & Casualty Co. v. McCray, 291 U.S. 566 (1934)...... 1881, 2008 Liggett Co. v. Baldridge, 278 U.S. 105 (1928)...... 1838, 1840, 1882, 2610 Light v. United States, 220 U.S. 523 (1911)...... 989 Lilly v. Virginia, 527 U.S. 116 (1999)...... 1651 Limbach v. Hooven & Allison Co., 466 U.S. 353 (1984)...... 443–44, 2612 Lincoln County v. Luning, 133 U.S. 529 (1890)...... 1793 Lincoln Fed. Labor Union v. Northwestern Iron & Metal Co., 335 U.S. 525 (1949)..... 291, 439, 1192, 1855, 1857, 1882, 2116, 2607 Lincoln Nat’l Life Ins. Co. v. Read, 325 U.S. 673 (1945)...... 2105 Linda R.S. v. Richard D., 410 U.S. 614 (1973)...... 736, 742–43, 745 Lindenmuller v. The People, 33 Barb. (N.Y.) 548 (1861)...... 437 Lindgren v. United States, 281 U.S. 38 (1930)...... 834, 2570 Lindh v. Murphy, 96 F.3d 856 (7th Cir. 1996)...... 916 Lindsey v. Normet, 405 U.S. 56 (1972)...... 1979, 2006–07, 2015, 2088, 2091, 2113, 2119, 2221, 2477 Lindsey v. Washington, 301 U.S. 397 (1937)...... 407, 2434 Lindsley v. Natural Carbonic Gas Co., 220 U.S. 61 (1911)...... 801, 1883, 2086–87, 2089, 2093 Liner v. Jafco, 375 U.S. 301 (1964)...... 208, 766 Ling Su Fan v. United States, 218 U.S. 302 (1910)...... 324 Lingle v. Chevron U.S.A. Inc., 544 U.S. 528 (2005)...... 1604, 1606–08 Lingle v. Norge Div. of Magic Chef, Inc., 486 U.S. 399 (1988)...... 295 Link v. Wabash R.R., 370 U.S. 626 (1962)...... 706–07, 1558 Linkletter v. Walker, 381 U.S. 618 (1965)...... 772, 1461, 1665 Linmark Assocs. v. Township of Willingboro, 431 U.S. 85 (1977)...... 1267, 1273, 2551 Linn v. Plant Guard Workers, 383 U.S. 53 (1966)...... 293 L’Invincible, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 238 (1816)...... 825 Lipke v. Lederer, 259 U.S. 557 (1922)...... 1557 Lisenba v. California, 314 U.S. 219 (1941)...... 1530, 1532–33, 2027, 2031 Little v. Barreme, 6 U.S. (2 Cr.) 170 (1804)...... 465, 633–34, 637, 643 TABLE OF CASES 2701

Little v. Streater, 452 U.S. 1 (1981)...... 1967, 1975, 2007, 2221, 2502 Livadas v. Bradshaw, 512 U.S. 107 (1994)...... 291 Liverpool & L. & G. Ins. Co. v. Orleans Assessors, 221 U.S. 346 (1911)...... 1914 Livingston v. Van Ingen, 9 Johns. Case. 507 (N.Y. 1812)...... 967 Livingston’s Lessee v. Moore, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 469 (1833)...... 431, 1059 Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner, 407 U.S. 551 (1972)...... 1168, 1341, 2077 Lloyd v. Dollison, 194 U.S. 445 (1904)...... 2113 Lloyd v. Matthews, 155 U.S. 222 (1894)...... 953 Lo-Ji Sales v. New York, 442 U.S. 319 (1979)...... 1314, 1399–1400, 1406 Loan Ass’n v. Topeka, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 655 (1875)...... 1059, 1762, 1845, 1897, 2371 Local 10, United Ass’n of Journeymen Plumbers v. Graham, 345 U.S. 192 (1953)...... 1343 Local 167 v. United States, 291 U.S. 293 (1934)...... 201 Local 174, Teamsters Union v. Lucas Flour Co., 369 U.S. 95 (1962)...... 295 Local 926, Int’l Union of Operating Engineers v. Jones, 460 U.S. 669 (1983)...... 292 Local 93, Int’l Ass’n of Fireﬁghters v. City of Cleveland, 478 U.S. 501 (1986)...... 2145 Loche v. New Orleans, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 172 (1867)...... 404 Lochner v. New York, 198 U.S. 45 (1905)...... 800, 1848, 1852–55, 1874, 1879, 2385 Lock v. United States, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 339 (1813)...... 1401 Locke v. Dane, 9 Mass. 360 (1812)...... 422 Locke v. Davy, 540 U.S. 712 (2004)...... 1121–22 Locke v. Karass, 129 S. Ct. 798 (2009)...... 1194 Lockerty v. Phillips, 319 U.S. 182 (1943)...... 369, 669, 717, 879 Lockett v. Ohio, 438 U.S. 586 (1978)...... 1721–22, 1724, 1727–30, 1747, 2496 Lockhart v. Fretwell, 506 U.S. 364 (1993)...... 1675 Lockhart v. McCree, 476 U.S. 162 (1986)...... 1638, 1641 Lockhart v. Nelson, 488 U.S. 33 (1988)...... 1497 Lockyer v. Andrade, 538 U.S. 63 (2003)...... 1755 Locomobile Co. v. Massachusetts, 246 U.S. 146 (1918)...... 2400 Loewe v. Lawlor (The Danbury Hatters Case), 208 U.S. 274 (1908)...... 201 Logan v. United States, 144 U.S. 263 (1892)...... 380, 1486, 1834, 2230, 2605 Logan v. Zimmerman Brush Co., 455 U.S. 422 (1982)...... 1970, 1974, 1978–79, 1983–84, 2010 Lomax v. Texas, 313 U.S. 544 (1941)...... 1530 Lombard v. Louisiana, 373 U.S. 267 (1963)...... 2070, 2144, 2460 London Guarantee & Accident Co. v. Industrial Comm’n, 279 U.S. 109 (1929)...... 2421 Londoner v. City of Denver, 210 U.S. 373 (1908)...... 1558, 1917, 1919, 1978, 2537 Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock, 187 U.S. 553 (1903)...... 547 Lonergan v. United States, 303 U.S. 33 (1938)...... 839 Long Island Water Supply Co. v. Brooklyn, 166 U.S. 685 (1897)...... 1584, 1593, 2015 Long Sault Development Co. v. Call, 242 U.S. 272 (1916)...... 410 Long v. Ansell, 293 U.S. 76 (1934)...... 138 Long v. District Court, 385 U.S. 192 (1966)...... 2216 Long v. Rockwood, 277 U.S. 142 (1928)...... 339, 1043, 2419, 2605 Longshoremen’s Local 1416 v. Ariadne Shipping Co., 397 U.S. 195 (1970)...... 292 Longyear v. Toolan, 209 U.S. 414 (1908)...... 1920 Looney v. Crane Co., 245 U.S. 178 (1917)...... 1911, 2399 Loper v. Beto, 405 U.S. 473 (1972)...... 1665 Lopez v. Monterey County, 525 U.S. 266 (1999)...... 2253 Lopez v. United States, 373 U.S. 427 (1963)...... 1433 Lopez v. Wyman, Civ. No. 1971–308 (W.D.N.Y. 1971)...... 2207 Lorain Journal Co. v. United States, 342 U.S. 143 (1951)...... 1278 Lord de la Warre’s Case, 11 Coke Rept. 1a, 77 Eng. Rept. 1145 (1597)...... 926 Lord v. Veazie, 49 U.S. (8 How.) 251 (1850)...... 727–28 2702 TABLE OF CASES

Loretto v. Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp., 458 U.S. 419 (1982)...... 1590, 1603–04, 1607, 2504 Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly, 533 U.S. 525 (2001)...... 1275, 2527 Los Angeles County v. Rettele, 550 U.S. 609 (2007)...... 1391, 1412 Los Angeles Dep’t of Water & Power v. Manhart, 435 U.S. 702 (1978)...... 2165 Los Angeles Gas Co. v. Railroad Comm’n, 289 U.S. 287 (1933)...... 1866–67 Los Angeles v. Los Angeles Gas Corp., 251 U.S. 32 (1919)...... 1869, 2540 Lothrop v. Stedman, 15 Fed. Cas. 922 (No. 8519) (C.C.D. Conn. 1875)...... 423 Lottery Case (Champion v. Ames), 188 U.S. 321 (1903)...... 184, 216–17, 1771 Loughborough v. Blake, 18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 317 (1820)...... 374, 397 Loughran v. Loughran, 292 U.S. 216 (1934)...... 947 Louis K. Liggett Co. v. Baldridge, 278 U.S. 105 (1928)...... 2420 Louis K. Liggett Co. v. Lee, 288 U.S. 517 (1933)...... 2103–04, 2428 Louisiana Dairy Stabilization Bd. v. Dairy Fresh Corp., 454 U.S. 884 (1981)...... 2502 Louisiana Educ. Comm’n for Needy Children v. Poindexter, 393 U.S. 17 (1968)...... 2471 Louisiana ex rel. Folsom v. Mayor of New Orleans, 109 U.S. 285 (1883)...... 414, 1896 Louisiana ex rel. Francis v. Resweber, 329 U.S. 459 (1947)...... 1065, 1716, 1735 Louisiana ex rel. Gremillion v. NAACP, 366 U.S. 293 (1961)...... 1183, 2456 Louisiana ex rel. Hubert v. Mayor of New Orleans, 215 U.S. 170 (1909)...... 2388 Louisiana ex. rel. Francis v. Resweber, 329 U.S. 459 (1947)...... 1716 Louisiana Financial Assistance Comm’n v. Poindexter, 389 U.S. 571 (1968)...... 2470 Louisiana Power & Light Co. v. City of Thibodaux, 360 U.S. 25 (1959)...... 894–95 Louisiana PSC v. FCC, 476 U.S. 355 (1986)...... 88 Louisiana PSC v. Texas & N.O. R.R., 284 U.S. 125 (1931)...... 399 Louisiana Public Service Comm’n v. FCC, 476 U.S. 355 (1986)...... 275 Louisiana Ry. & Nav. Co. v. New Orleans, 235 U.S. 164 (1914)...... 411 Louisiana v. Garﬁeld, 211 U.S. 70 (1908)...... 840 Louisiana v. Jumel, 107 U.S. 711 (1882)...... 1785, 1802 Louisiana v. McAdoo, 234 U.S. 627 (1914)...... 840, 842 Louisiana v. New Orleans, 102 U.S. 203 (1880)...... 434–35 Louisiana v. Pilsbury, 105 U.S. 278 (1881)...... 411, 2374 Louisiana v. Texas, 176 U.S. 1 (1900)...... 270, 749, 848 Louisiana v. United States, 380 U.S. 145 (1965)...... 2465 Louisville & Jeffersonville Ferry Co. v. Kentucky, 188 U.S. 385 (1903)...... 1901, 1907, 2384 Louisville & N.R.R. v. Mottley, 211 U.S. 149 (1908)...... 806 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Barber Asphalt Co., 197 U.S. 430 (1905)...... 1900 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Cook Brewing Co., 223 U.S. 70 (1912)...... 2391 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Deer, 200 U.S. 176 (1906)...... 951 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Eubank, 184 U.S. 27 (1902)...... 2384 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Garrett, 231 U.S. 298 (1913)...... 1864, 1866 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Greene, 244 U.S. 522 (1917)...... 1804 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Kentucky, 183 U.S. 503 (1902)...... 1872 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Mottley, 219 U.S. 467 (1911)...... 194, 1571 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Palmes, 109 U.S. 244 (1883)...... 427 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Schmidt, 177 U.S. 230 (1900)...... 1979, 1988, 2005 Louisville & Nashville R.R. v. Stock Yards Co., 212 U.S. 132 (1909)...... 963, 1873, 2387 Louisville Bank v. Radford, 295 U.S. 555 (1935)...... 320, 1578, 2327 Louisville Ferry v. Kentucky, 188 U.S. 385 (1903)...... 2384 Louisville Gas Co. v. Citizens’ Gas Co., 115 U.S. 683 (1885)...... 2376 Louisville Gas Co. v. Coleman, 277 U.S. 32 (1928)...... 2102, 2104, 2419 Louisville Joint Stock Land Bank v. Radford, 295 U.S. 555 (1935)...... 1578 Louisville Water Company v. Clark, 143 U.S. 1 (1892)...... 423 Louisville, C. & C.R.R. v. Letson, 43 U.S. (2 How.) 497 (1844)...... 857, 2603 TABLE OF CASES 2703

Lovato v. New Mexico, 242 U.S. 199 (1916)...... 1553, 1615 Love v. Pullman Co., 404 U.S. 522 (1972)...... 896–97 Lovell v. City of Griffin, 303 U.S. 444 (1938)...... 1143, 1148–49, 1351–52, 2542 Loving v. United States, 517 U.S. 748 (1996)...... 80, 89, 93–94, 355, 464 Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967)...... 800, 1561, 1924, 1952, 2090, 2122, 2143, 2469 Low v. Austin, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 29 (1872)...... 267, 443–44, 2611 Lowe v. Kansas, 163 U.S. 81 (1896)...... 2008 Lowenﬁeld v. Phelps, 484 U.S. 231 (1988)...... 1727, 1729 Lowry v. Reagan, 676 F. Supp. 333 (D.D.C. 1987)...... 350 Lozada v. Deeds, 498 U.S. 430 (1991)...... 1676 Lubin v. Panish, 415 U.S. 709 (1974)...... 2188, 2219, 2487 Lucas v. Alexander, 279 U.S. 473 (1929)...... 2267 Lucas v. Arkansas, 416 U.S. 919 (1974)...... 1291 Lucas v. Forty-Fourth General Assembly of Colorado, 377 U.S. 713 (1964)...... 2192, 2464 Lucas v. Rhodes, 389 U.S. 212 (1967)...... 2469 Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 505 U.S. 1003 (1992)...... 1597, 1601–05, 1607, 1610, 1888 Luce v. United States, 469 U.S. 38, 41 n.4 (1984)...... 721 Luckenbuch S. S. Co. v. United States, 272 U.S. 533 (1926)...... 875 Ludecke v. Watkins, 335 U.S. 160 (1948)...... 361, 368, 495, 611, 781, 1564 Ludwig v. Massachusetts, 427 U.S. 618 (1976)...... 1485, 1626 Ludwig v. Western Union Tel. Co., 216 U.S. 146 (1910)...... 2388 Luftig v. McNamara, 252 F. Supp. 819 (D.C.D.C. 1966)...... 349 Lugar v. Edmondson Oil Co., 457 U.S. 922 (1982)...... 1982, 2066–67, 2076–77 Luis v. United States, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–419, slip op. (2016)...... 1667, 2349 Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555 (1992)...... 69, 471, 586, 613, 731–32, 735–38, 742, 745, 756 Lujan v. G & G Fire Sprinklers, Inc, 523 U.S. 189 (2001)...... 1984 Lujan v. National Wildlife Federation, 497 U.S. 871 (1991)...... 736, 738, 755–56, 764 Luna Torres v. Lynch, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–1096, slip op. (2016)...... 231 Lunding v. New York Tax Appeals Tribunal, 522 U.S. 287 (1998)...... 973, 976, 2524 Luria v. United States, 231 U.S. 9 (1913)...... 307, 1693, 1695 Lustig v. United States, 338 U.S. 74 (1949)...... 1456 Luther v. Borden, 48 U.S. (7 How.) 1 (1849)...... 447, 506, 778, 780, 782, 992–93 Lutwak v. United States, 344 U.S. 604 (1953)...... 1648 Luxton v. North River Bridge Co., 153 U.S. 525 (1894)...... 192, 383, 1581–82 Lynce v. Mathis, 519 U.S. 433 (1997)...... 408, 2523 Lynch v. Arizona, 578 U.S. ___, No. 15–8366, slip op. (2016)...... 1731, 2048 Lynch v. Donnelly, 465 U.S. 668 (1984)...... 1074, 1077, 1095, 1104, 1115–16 Lynch v. Hornby, 247 U.S. 339 (1918)...... 1574, 2261 Lynch v. Household Finance Corp., 405 U.S. 538 (1972)...... 811, 897 Lynch v. New York ex rel. Pierson, 293 U.S. 52 (1934)...... 817 Lynch v. Overholser, 369 U.S. 705 (1962)...... 2064 Lynch v. Turrish, 247 U.S. 221 (1918)...... 2261 Lynch v. United States, 292 U.S. 571 (1934)...... 176, 1577, 1579, 1591, 2324–25 Lynde v. Lynde, 181 U.S. 183 (1901)...... 947 Lyng v. Castillo, 477 U.S. 635 (1986)...... 1568 Lyng v. Michigan, 135 U.S. 161 (1890)...... 2379 Lyng v. Northwest Indian Cemetery Protective Ass’n, 485 U.S. 439 (1988)...... 1132 Lynumn v. Illinois, 372 U.S. 528 (1963)...... 1531 Lyon v. Mutual Beneﬁt Ass’n, 305 U.S. 484 (1939)...... 1703 Lyons v. Oklahoma, 322 U.S. 596 (1944)...... 1530, 1532–33, 1548 Lyons v. Woods, 153 U.S. 649 (1894)...... 782–83 2704 TABLE OF CASES

Lytle v. Household Manufacturing, Inc., 494 U.S. 545 (1990)...... 1700 M M. Kraus & Bros. v. United States, 327 U.S. 614 (1946)...... 94 M.L.B. v. S.L.J., 519 U.S. 102 (1996)...... 2221, 2523 Mabry v. Johnson, 467 U.S. 504 (1984)...... 2046 Macallen Co. v. Massachusetts, 279 U.S. 620 (1929)...... 1036, 2422, 2605 MacDonald, Sommer & Frates v. County of Yolo, 477 U.S. 340 (1986)...... 1610 MacDougall v. Green, 335 U.S. 281 (1948)...... 779, 1835, 2189, 2191, 2272, 2610 MacGregor v. Westinghouse Co., 327 U.S. 758 (1946)...... 2607 MacGregor v. Westinghouse Co., 329 U.S. 402 (1947)...... 2607 Machinists & Aerospace Workers v. WERC, 427 U.S. 132 (1976)...... 290, 296, 2585, 2611 Mackenzie v. Hare, 239 U.S. 299 (1915)...... 301, 309–10, 1831, 2609 Mackey v. Lanier Collection Agency & Service, Inc., 486 U.S. 825 (1988)...... 2593 Mackey v. Montrym, 443 U.S. 1 (1979)...... 1969, 1985 Mackey v. United States, 401 U.S. 667 (1971)...... 771–72, 1746–47 Mackin v. United States, 117 U.S. 348 (1886)...... 1477 MacLaughlin v. Alliance Ins. Co., 286 U.S. 244 (1932)...... 2268 Madden v. Kentucky, 309 U.S. 83 (1940)...... 977, 1834–35, 2102, 2606 Madera Water Works v. City of Madera, 228 U.S. 454 (1913)...... 428, 1869 Madison School Dist. v. WERC, 429 U.S. 167 (1976)...... 1196, 1223, 1333, 1336, 1839 Madruga v. Superior Court, 346 U.S. 556 (1954)...... 827, 888 Madsen v. Kinsella, 343 U.S. 341 (1952)...... 363, 503 Madsen v. Women’s Health Center, 512 U.S. 753 (1994)...... 1172, 1349–50 Mager v. Grima, 49 U.S. (8 How.) 490 (1850)...... 444 Magnano Co. v. Hamilton, 292 U.S. 40 (1934)...... 163, 1891, 1897, 2103 Magniac v. Thompson, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 348 (1833)...... 1701 Magnolia Petroleum Co. v. Hunt, 320 U.S. 430 (1943)...... 961–62 Magoun v. Illinois Trust & Savings Bank, 170 U.S. 283 (1898)...... 2107 Maguire v. Reardon, 225 U.S. 271 (1921)...... 1893 Maguire v. Trefy, 253 U.S. 12 (1920)...... 1912 Mahan v. Howell, 410 U.S. 315 (1973)...... 2194, 2204, 2483 Mahan v. Hume, 287 U.S. 575 (1932)...... 112 Maher v. Buckner, 434 U.S. 898 (1977)...... 2586 Maher v. Gagne, 448 U.S. 122 (1980)...... 1796 Maher v. Roe, 432 U.S. 464 (1977)...... 1932–33, 2091, 2095, 2224 Mahler v. Eby, 264 U.S. 32 (1924)...... 392, 1563 Mahn v. Harwood, 112 U.S. 354, 358 (1884)...... 335 Mahnich v. Southern S.S. Co., 321 U.S. 96 (1944)...... 826, 833, 2607 Mahon v. Justice, 127 U.S. 700 (1888)...... 980 Mahoney v. Triner Corp., 304 U.S. 401 (1938)...... 2286 Maine v. Grand Trunk Ry., 142 U.S. 217 (1891)...... 254 Maine v. Taylor, 477 U.S. 131 (1986)...... 242, 260, 2288 Maine v. Thiboutot, 448 U.S. 1 (1980)...... 174, 811–12, 892, 1019, 1049, 1796 Maiorano v. Baltimore & Ohio R.R., 213 U.S. 268 (1909)...... 528 Maleng v. Cook, 490 U.S. 488 (1989)...... 713 Malinski v. New York, 324 U.S. 401 (1945)...... 1533, 1548 Mallett v. North Carolina, 181 U.S. 589 (1901)...... 409 Malley v. Briggs, 475 U.S. 335 (1986)...... 1454, 1464 Mallinckrodt Works v. St. Louis, 238 U.S. 41 (1915)...... 2116 Mallory v. United States, 354 U.S. 449 (1957)...... 1415, 1460, 1527–28, 1546 Malloy v. Hogan, 378 U.S. 1 (1964)...... 108, 1060, 1063–65, 1509, 1512, 1516, 1519, 1533–34, 2609 Malloy v. South Carolina, 237 U.S. 180 (1915)...... 408–09, 1734 TABLE OF CASES 2705

Malone v. Bowdoin, 369 U.S. 643 (1962)...... 841 Manchester v. Massachusetts, 139 U.S. 240 (1891)...... 829, 1886 Mancusi v. DeForte, 392 U.S. 364 (1968)...... 1385, 1400, 1470 Mancusi v. Stubbs, 408 U.S. 204 (1972)...... 1649 Mandeville Island Farms v. American Crystal Sugar Co., 334 U.S. 219 (1948)...... 199, 206 Mandoli v. Acheson, 344 U.S. 133 (1952)...... 309 Manigault v. Springs, 199 U.S. 473 (1905)...... 437, 1595 Mankin v. Chandler, 16 F. Cas. 625 (C.C.D. Va. 1823) (No. 9030)...... 930 Manley v. Georgia, 279 U.S. 1 (1929)...... 2012, 2039, 2421 Manson v. Brathwaite, 432 U.S. 98 (1977)...... 2026 Mantle Lamp Co. v. Aluminum Co., 301 U.S. 544 (1937)...... 334 Manual Enterprises v. Day, 370 U.S. 478 (1962)...... 1314 Manuel v. Wulff, 152 U.S. 505 (1894)...... 309 Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643 (1961)...... 803, 1064, 1447, 1455, 1458–60, 1538, 2608 Marbles v. Creecy, 215 U.S. 63 (1909)...... 979 Marburger v. Public Funds for Public Schools, 417 U.S. (1974)...... 2487 Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cr.) 137 (1803)...... 146, 416, 524, 576, 619, 621, 642, 644, 688, 708, 778, 789–92, 794, 797, 870–71, 1790, 2233, 2311 Marcello v. Bonds, 349 U.S. 302 (1955)...... 317, 392 Marchant v. Pennsylvania R.R., 153 U.S. 380 (1894)...... 1959 Marchetti v. United States, 390 U.S. 39 (1968)...... 163, 1512, 2333–34 Marconi Wireless Co. v. United States, 320 U.S. 1 (1943)...... 333 Marcus Brown Co. v. Feldman, 256 U.S. 170 (1921)...... 438, 1822 Marcus v. Search Warrant, 367 U.S. 717 (1961)...... 1313, 1405–07, 2457 Margan v. United States, 304 U.S. 1 (1938)...... 1557 Maricopa County v. Valley Bank, 318 U.S. 357 (1943)...... 1042 Marin v. Augedahl, 247 U.S. 142 (1918)...... 957 Marine Engineers v. Interlake Co., 370 U.S. 173 (1962)...... 2579 Marino v. Ragen, 332 U.S. 561 (1947)...... 1663 Market Street Ry. v. Railroad Comm’n, 324 U.S. 548 (1945)...... 815, 1867, 1966 Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc., 517 U.S. 348 (1996)...... 335, 1696 Marks v. United States, 430 U.S. 188 (1977)...... 173, 406, 1315, 1319, 1724, 2157 Marr v. United States, 268 U.S. 536 (1925)...... 2263 Marron v. United States, 275 U.S. 192 (1927)...... 1380, 1399, 1404, 1424 Marsh v. Alabama, 326 U.S. 501 (1946)...... 1340–41, 2076–77, 2441 Marsh v. Chambers, 463 U.S. 783 (1983)...... 1076, 1105, 1113–15, 1119 Marshall v. Baltimore & Ohio R.R., 57 U.S. (16 How.) 314 (1854)...... 857 Marshall v. Barlow’s, Inc., 436 U.S. 307 (1978)...... 1381, 1393–96, 2339–40 Marshall v. Dye, 231 U.S. 250 (1913)...... 780, 1839 Marshall v. Gordon, 243 U.S. 521 (1917)...... 110 Marshall v. Jerrico, Inc., 446 U.S. 238, 242 (1980)...... 1961–63 Marshall v. Lonberger, 459 U.S. 422 (1983)...... 907 Marshall v. United States, 360 U.S. 310 (1959)...... 699, 1639 Marshall v. United States, 414 U.S. 417 (1974)...... 1568 Marston v. Lewis, 410 U.S. 679 (1973)...... 2183, 2207 Martin v. Bush, 376 U.S. 222 (1964)...... 112, 2462 Martin v. City of Struthers, 319 U.S. 141 (1943)...... 1127, 1164, 1211, 1355, 2544 Martin v. Creasy, 360 U.S. 219 (1959)...... 894 Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 304 (1816).. 55, 688, 794–95, 808, 876, 880, 889, 1021 Martin v. Lankford, 245 U.S. 547 (1918)...... 1804, 1809 Martin v. Mott, 25 U.S. (12 Wheat.) 19 (1827)...... 371, 487, 506, 625, 777 Martin v. Ohio, 480 U.S. 228 (1987)...... 2038 2706 TABLE OF CASES

Martin v. Pittsburgh & Lake Erie R.R., 203 U.S. 284 (1906)...... 330 Martin v. Texas, 200 U.S. 316 (1906)...... 2137 Martin v. Waddell, 41 U.S. (16 Pet.) 367 (1842)...... 986 Martin v. Walton, 368 U.S. 25 (1961)...... 2112 Martinez v. Bynum, 461 U.S. 321 (1983)...... 2209 Martinez v. California, 444 U.S. 277 (1980)...... 892, 2007 Martinez v. Court of App. of Cal., Fourth App. Dist., 528 U.S. 152 (2000)...... 1677 Martino v. Michigan Window Cleaning Co., 327 U.S. 173 (1946)...... 210 Marvin v. Trout, 199 U.S. 212 (1905)...... 1894, 2015 Maryland and Virginia Eldership v. Church of God, 396 U.S. 367 (1970)...... 1079 Maryland Casualty Co. v. Cushing, 347 U.S. 409 (1954)...... 831 Maryland Casualty Co. v. Paciﬁc Coal & Oil Co., 312 U.S. 270 (1941)...... 760 Maryland Comm. for Fair Representation v. Tawes, 377 U.S. 656 (1964)...... 2192, 2464 Maryland v. Buie, 494 U.S. 325 (1990)...... 1382, 1419, 1426, 1438 Maryland v. Craig, 497 U.S. 836 (1990)...... 1657–58 Maryland v. Dyson, 527 U.S. 465 (1999)...... 1428 Maryland v. Garrison, 480 U.S. 79 (1987)...... 1413 Maryland v. King, 569 U.S. ___, No. 12–207, slip op. (2013)...... 1441 Maryland v. Kulbicki, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–848, slip op. (2015)...... 1671 Maryland v. Louisiana, 451 U.S. 725 (1981)...... 237, 257, 260, 750, 846, 852, 872, 1019, 2501, 2588 Maryland v. Macon, 472 U.S. 463 (1985)...... 1386, 1406 Maryland v. Pringle, 540 U.S. 366 (2003)...... 1412, 1431 Maryland v. Shatzer, 559 U.S. ___, No. 08–680, slip op. (2010)...... 1539–40, 1544 Maryland v. Soper, 270 U.S. 9 (1926)...... 809 Maryland v. United States, 381 U.S. 41 (1965)...... 372 Maryland v. Wilson, 519 U.S. 408 (1997)...... 1416 Maryland v. Wirtz, 392 U.S. 183 (1968)...... 180, 182, 210, 221, 1023–27, 1792, 2611 Masciale v. United States, 356 U.S. 386 (1958)...... 2025 Mason Co. v. Tax Comm’n, 302 U.S. 186 (1937)...... 378 Mason v. Eldred, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 231 (1868)...... 2604 Mason v. Haile, 25 U.S. (12 Wheat.) 370 (1827)...... 434 Mason v. United States, 244 U.S. 362 (1917)...... 1508 Mason v. United States, 260 U.S. 545 (1923)...... 624 Massachusetts Bd. of Retirement v. Murgia, 427 U.S. 307 (1976)...... 2093 Massachusetts Personnel Adm’r v. Feeney, 442 U.S. 256 (1979)...... 2166 Massachusetts State Grange v. Benton, 272 U.S. 525 (1926)...... 1804 Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency, 549 U.S. 497 (2007)...... 732 Massachusetts v. Laird, 400 U.S. 886 (1970)...... 349, 872 Massachusetts v. Laird, 451 F.2d 26 (1st Cir. 1971)...... 350 Massachusetts v. Mellon, 262 U.S. 447 (1923).. 168, 732–33, 735, 749, 757, 850, 853, 872, 1025 Massachusetts v. Missouri, 308 U.S. 1 (1939)...... 847 Massachusetts v. Oakes, 491 U.S. 576 (1989)...... 1171 Massachusetts v. Sheppard, 468 U.S. 981 (1984)...... 1465 Massachusetts v. United States, 435 U.S. 444 (1978)...... 158, 161, 1769 Massey v. Moore, 348 U.S. 105 (1954)...... 1663 Massiah v. United States, 377 U.S. 201 (1964)...... 1433, 1534, 1540, 1679–80 Masson v. New Yorker Magazine, 501 U.S. 496 (1991)...... 1297, 1304 Mast, Foos & Co. v. Stover Manufacturing Co., 177 U.S. 458 (1900)...... 893 Match-E-Be-Nash-She-Wish Band Of Pottawatomi Indians v. Patchak, 567 U.S. ___, No. 11–246, slip op. (2010)...... 744 Maternally Yours v. Your Maternity Shop, 234 F.2d 538 (2d Cir. 1956)...... 866 Mathews v. De Castro, 429 U.S. 181 (1976)...... 2118, 2210 TABLE OF CASES 2707

Mathews v. Diaz, 426 U.S. 67 (1976)...... 313, 1569, 2157 Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319 (1976)...... 1961–62, 1967, 1970, 1980–83, 2012 Mathews v. Lucas, 427 U.S. 495 (1976)...... 1568, 2092, 2168, 2176, 2181 Mathews v. United States, 485 U.S. 58 (1988)...... 2024 Mathews v. Weber, 423 U.S. 261 (1976)...... 682 Mathis v. United States, 391 U.S. 1 (1968)...... 1539 Mathis v. United States, 579 U.S. ___, No. 15–6092, slip op. (2016)...... 1632 Matson Nav. Co. v. State Board, 297 U.S. 441 (1936)...... 1913 Matter of Farber, 78 N.J. 259, 394 A.2d 330...... 1249 Matter of Heff, 197 U.S. 488 (1905)...... 2317, 2605 Matter of Lehigh Valley R.R., 265 U.S. 573 (1924)...... 868 Matter of Strauss, 197 U.S. 324 (1905)...... 979 Matthews v. Zane, 20 U.S. (7 Wheat.) 164 (1822)...... 149 Mattox v. United States, 156 U.S. 237 (1895)...... 1648–49 Mattson v. Department of Labor, 293 U.S. 151 (1934)...... 2011 Mauclet v. Nyquist, 406 F. Supp. 1233 (W.D.N.Y. 1976)...... 1797 Mauer v. Hamilton, 309 U.S. 598 (1940)...... 248 Maul v. United States, 274 U.S. 501 (1927)...... 826 Maxwell Land-Grant Case, 121 U.S. 325 (1887)...... 988 Maxwell v. Bugbee, 250 U.S. 525 (1919)...... 977, 2107 Maxwell v. Dow, 176 U.S. 581 (1900)...... 1060, 1626, 1692, 1835, 2015, 2609 Maxwell v. Stewart, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 71 (1875)...... 952 May v. Anderson, 345 U.S. 528 (1953)...... 948 May v. Heiner, 281 U.S. 238 (1930)...... 2607 May v. New Orleans, 178 U.S. 496 (1900)...... 443 Mayberry v. Pennsylvania, 400 U.S. 455 (1971)...... 705, 2028 Mayer v. City of Chicago, 404 U.S. 189 (1971)...... 2216, 2222 Mayers v. Anderson, 238 U.S. 368 (1915)...... 2397 Mayﬁeld v. Richards, 115 U.S. 137 (1885)...... 360 Mayﬂower Farms v. Ten Eyck, 297 U.S. 266 (1936)...... 2087, 2115, 2432 Maynard v. Cartwright, 486 U.S. 356 (1988)...... 1725, 1747, 2513 Maynard v. Hill, 125 U.S. 190 (1888)...... 432 Mayo Collaborative Servs. v. Prometheus Laboratories, Inc., 566 U.S. ___, No. 10–1150, slip op. (2012)...... 333 Mayo v. United States, 319 U.S. 441 (1943)...... 1042, 2439 Mayor & City Council of Baltimore v. Dawson, 350 U.S. 877 (1955)...... 2143 Mayor of New Orleans v. United States, 35 U.S. (10 Pet.) 662 (1836)...... 982 Mayor of Philadelphia v. Educational Equality League, 415 U.S. 605 (1974)...... 786, 2129 Mayor of Vicksburg v. Vicksburg Waterworks Co., 202 U.S. 453 (1906)...... 2386 Mayor of Vicksburg v. Vicksburg Waterworks Co., 206 U.S. 496 (1907)...... 2537 Mayor of Vidalia v. McNeely, 274 U.S. 676 (1927)...... 2541 McAdams v. McSurely, 438 U.S. 189 (1978)...... 140 McAllister v. Magnolia Petroleum Co., 357 U.S. 221 (1958)...... 833 McAllister v. United States, 141 U.S. 174 (1891)...... 672, 991 McAuliffe v. Mayor of New Bedford, 155 Mass. 216, 29 N.E. 2d 517 (1892)...... 1216, 1969 McBurney v. Young, 569 U.S. ___, No. 12–17, slip op. (2013)...... 238, 973 McCabe v. Atchison, T. & S.F. Ry., 235 U.S. 151 (1914)...... 982, 984, 2142, 2395 McCall v. California, 136 U.S. 104 (1890)...... 2536 McCandless v. United States, 298 U.S. 342 (1936)...... 1587 McCarroll v. Dixie Lines, 309 U.S. 176 (1940)...... 237, 2438 McCarthy v. Arndstein, 266 U.S. 34 (1924)...... 1510, 1518 McCarthy v. Philadelphia Civil Serv. Comm’n, 424 U.S. 645 (1976)...... 2209 McCarthy v. United States, 394 U.S. 459 (1969)...... 1460 2708 TABLE OF CASES

McCarty v. McCarty, 453 U.S. 210 (1981)...... 354, 2588 McCaughey v. Lyall, 224 U.S. 558 (1912)...... 2002 McClain v. Ortmayer, 141 U.S. 419 (1891)...... 335 McClanahan v. Arizona Tax Comm’n, 411 U.S. 164 (1973)...... 297–98, 2483 McCleskey v. Kemp, 481 U.S. 279 (1987)...... 1745, 2141 McClesky v. Zant, 499 U.S. 467 (1991)...... 913 McCloskey v. Tobin, 252 U.S. 107 (1920)...... 1883, 2114 McClung v. Silliman, 19 U.S. (6 Wheat.) 598 (1821)...... 709 McClurg v. Kingsland, 42 U.S. (1 How.) 202 (1843)...... 338 McConnell v. FEC, 540 U.S. 93 (2003)...... 1241, 1243, 1245, 2355, 2615 McConnell v. Federal Election Commission, 540 U.S. 93 (2003)...... 2615 McConnell v. Rhay, 393 U.S. 2 (1968)...... 1686 McCormick v. Sullivant, 23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 192 (1825)...... 950 McCormick v. United States, 500 U.S. 257 (1991)...... 221 McCoy v. Court of Appeals, 486 U.S. 429 (1988)...... 2216 McCoy v. Greensboro City Bd. of Educ., 283 F.2d 667 (4th Cir. 1960)...... 2125 McCoy v. Union Elevated R.R., 247 U.S. 354 (1918)...... 410 McCracken v. Hayward, 43 U.S. (2 How.) 608 (1844)...... 434, 2364 McCray v. Illinois, 386 U.S. 300 (1967)...... 1402 McCray v. United States, 195 U.S. 27 (1904)...... 163, 1572 McCready v. Virginia, 94 U.S. 391 (1877)...... 971 McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky, 545 U.S. 844 (2005)...... 1117 McCrone v. United States, 307 U.S. 61 (1939)...... 706 McCullen v. Coakley, 573 U.S. ___, No. 12–1168, slip op. (2014)...... 1351, 2532 McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 316 (1819).. 55, 73–75, 158, 199, 209, 271, 324–25, 345, 379–80, 382, 794, 889, 1017, 1020, 1034, 1039, 1044–45, 1768, 1910, 2362 McCullough v. Virginia, 172 U.S. 102 (1898)...... 411 McCutcheon v. FEC, 572 U.S. ___, No. 12–536, slip op. (2014)...... 1237, 2356 McDaniel v. Barresi, 402 U.S. 39 (1971)...... 2127 McDaniel v. Paty, 435 U.S. 618 (1978)...... 1123, 1138, 2495 McDermott International, Inc. v. Wilander, 498 U.S. 337 (1991)...... 826 McDermott v. Wisconsin, 228 U.S. 115 (1913)...... 204, 2563 McDonald v. Board of Election Comm’rs, 394 U.S. 802 (1969)...... 2087, 2091, 2187 McDonald v. Chicago, 561 U.S. ___, No. 08–1521, slip op. (2010)..... 1063–64, 1371, 2557, 2615 McDonald v. Mabee, 243 U.S. 90 (1917)...... 1987, 2004 McDonald v. Massachusetts, 180 U.S. 311 (1901)...... 408, 2120 McDonald v. Pless, 238 U.S. 264 (1915)...... 720 McDonald v. Santa Fe Trail Transp. Co., 427 U.S. 273 (1976)...... 1819, 2145 McDonald v. Smith, 472 U.S. 479 (1985)...... 1297, 1364 McDonald v. United States, 335 U.S. 451 (1948)...... 1380, 1414, 2608 McDonnell v. United States, 579 U.S. ___, No. 15–474, slip op. (2016)...... 221, 2022 McElmoyle v. Cohen, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 312 (1839)...... 931, 964 McElrath v. United States, 102 U.S. 426 (1880)...... 674, 1695 McElroy v. United States ex rel. Guagliardo, 361 U.S. 281 (1960)...... 358, 2330 McElroy v. United States, 164 U.S. 76 (1896)...... 2613 McElroy v. United States, 455 U.S. 642 (1982)...... 230 McElvaine v. Brush, 142 U.S. 155 (1891)...... 1060 McFarland v. American Sugar Co., 241 U.S. 79 (1916)...... 2398 McGahey v. Virginia, 135 U.S. 662 (1890)...... 411, 434, 2379 McGautha v. California, 402 U.S. 183 (1971)...... 1514–15, 1720, 1724, 2611 McGee v. International Life Ins. Co., 355 U.S. 220 (1957)...... 435, 1986, 1993–94, 2005 McGee v. Mathis, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 143 (1867)...... 2367 McGinnis v. Royster, 410 U.S. 263 (1973)...... 2088, 2120 TABLE OF CASES 2709

McGlotten v. Connally, 338 F. Supp. 448 (D.D.C. 1972)...... 2079 McGoldrick v. Berwind-White Coal Mining Co., 309 U.S. 33 (1940)...... 245 McGoldrick v. Gulf Oil Corp., 309 U.S. 414 (1940)...... 443, 2543 McGovern v. City of New York, 229 U.S. 363 (1913)...... 1587, 1593 McGowan v. Maryland, 366 U.S. 420 (1961)...... 736, 801, 1111, 1128, 2085, 2087, 2111, 2115 McGrain v. Daugherty, 273 U.S. 135 (1927)...... 96–98, 100, 109, 134 McGrath v. Kritensen, 340 U.S. 162 (1950)...... 689 McGready v. Virginia, 94 U.S. 391 (1877)...... 2158 McGuire v. United States, 273 U.S. 95 (1927)...... 1459 McIntire v. Wood, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 504 (1813)...... 686, 709 McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm’n, 514 U.S. 334 (1995)...... 1178, 1353, 2520 McKane v. Durston, 153 U.S. 684 (1894)...... 967, 2049 McKaskle v. Wiggins, 465 U.S. 168 (1984)...... 1677 McKeiver v. Pennsylvania, 403 U.S. 528 (1971)...... 703, 1625, 1630, 2062 McKesson Corp. v. Florida Alcohol & Tobacco Div., 496 U.S. 18 (1990)...... 1921 McKim v. Voorhies, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 279 (1812)...... 892 McKinley v. United States, 249 U.S. 397 (1919)...... 354 McKinney v. Alabama, 424 U.S. 669 (1976)...... 1314 McKnett v. St. Louis & S.F. Ry., 292 U.S. 230 (1934)...... 891, 974, 2429 McKoy v. North Carolina, 494 U.S. 433 (1990)...... 1731, 2516 McKune v. Lile, 536 U.S. 24 (2002)...... 1512 McLain v. Real Estate Bd. of New Orleans, 444 U.S. 232 (1980)...... 180, 199 McLaughlin v. Florida, 379 U.S. 184 (1964)...... 2090, 2122, 2143, 2465 McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950)...... 2123, 2447 McLean Trucking Co. v. United States, 321 U.S. 67 (1944)...... 193 McLean v. Arkansas, 211 U.S. 539 (1909)...... 1852, 1876, 2116 McLean v. Meek, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 16 (1856)...... 949 McLeod v. J. E. Dilworth Co., 322 U.S. 327 (1944)...... 237, 2440 McLeod v. Ohio, 381 U.S. 356 (1965)...... 1679 McMahon v. Milam Mfg. Co., 368 U.S. 7 (1961)...... 2579 McMann v. Richardson, 397 U.S. 759 (1970)...... 1514, 1626, 1668, 1671 McMillan v. McNeil, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 209 (1819)...... 2362 McMillan v. Pennsylvania, 477 U.S. 79 (1986)...... 1631, 2038–39 McMillen v. Anderson, 95 U.S. 37 (1877)...... 1915–16, 1960 McNabb v. United States, 318 U.S. 332 (1943)...... 720, 1460, 1527–28, 1546 McNally v. Hill, 293 U.S. 131 (1934)...... 713, 2609 McNally v. United States, 483 U.S. 350 (1987)...... 221 McNaughton v. Johnson, 242 U.S. 344 (1917)...... 1881, 2113 McNeal v. Culver, 365 U.S. 109 (1961)...... 1664 McNeese v. Cahokia Bd. of Educ., 373 U.S. 668 (1963)...... 811, 895, 2125 McNeil v. Director, 407 U.S. 245 (1972)...... 2064 McNeil v. Wisconsin, 501 U.S. 171 (1991)...... 1544, 1681 McPhaul v. United States, 364 U.S. 372 (1960)...... 101, 107, 109 McPherson v. Blacker, 146 U.S. 1 (1892)...... 477, 479 McSurely v. McClellan, 553 F.2d 1277 (D.C. Cir. 1976)...... 140 McSurely v. Ratliff, 282 F. Supp. 848 (E.D. Ky. 1967)...... 1289 Meachum v. Fano, 427 U.S. 215 (1976)...... 1840, 1976, 2056 Meadwestvaco Corp. v. Illinois Dept. of Revenue, 128 S.Ct. 1498 (2008)...... 252–53 Meat Cutters v. Fairlawn Meats, 353 U.S. 20 (1957)...... 291 Mecom v. Fitzsimmons Drilling Co., 284 U.S. 183 (1931)...... 859 Medellin v. Texas, 128 S. Ct. 1346 (2008)...... 465, 524–25, 533 Medellin v. Texas, 129 S. Ct. 360 (2008)...... 526 Medimmune, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc., 549 U.S. 118 (2007)...... 692, 759 2710 TABLE OF CASES

Medina v. California, 505 U.S. 437 (1992)...... 2041 Medley, Petitioner, 134 U.S. 160 (1890)...... 407, 2378 Medtronic, Inc. v. Lohr, 518 U.S. 470 (1996)...... 279 Meehan v. Valentine, 145 U.S. 611 (1892)...... 1701 Meek v. Pittenger, 421 U.S. 349 (1975)...... 1085–88, 1090–92, 2489, 2614 Meese v. Keene, 481 U.S. 465 (1987)...... 1179, 1210 Melancon v. McKeithen, 345 F. Supp. 1025 (E.D.La. 1972)...... 1693 Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts, 557 U.S. ___, No. 07–591, slip op. (2009)...... 1653–55 Memorial Hospital v. Maricopa County, 415 U.S. 250 (1974)...... 2206–09, 2486 Mempa v. Rhay, 389 U.S. 128 (1967)...... 1686, 2047, 2057 Memphis & Charleston Ry. v. Pace, 282 U.S. 241 (1931)...... 2110 Memphis & L.R. R.R. v. Comm’rs, 112 U.S. 609 (1884)...... 427 Memphis Bank & Trust Co. v. Garner, 459 U.S. 392 (1983)...... 1035, 2589 Memphis Community School Dist. v. Stachura, 477 U.S. 299 (1986)...... 811 Memphis Gas Co. v. Beeler, 315 U.S. 649 (1942)...... 1906 Memphis Light, Gas & Water Div. v. Craft, 436 U.S. 1 (1978)...... 1971, 1976, 1984, 2075 Memphis Natural Gas Co. v. Stone, 335 U.S. 80 (1948)...... 246 Memphis Steam Laundry v. Stone, 342 U.S. 389 (1952)...... 2448 Memphis v. United States, 97 U.S. 293 (1878)...... 435 Mennonite Bd. of Missions v. Adams, 462 U.S. 791 (1983)...... 2005, 2507 Mercantile Nat’l Bank v. Langdeau, 371 U.S. 555 (1963)...... 2582 Merchants Bank v. Pennsylvania, 167 U.S. 461 (1897)...... 1919 Merchants Exchange v. Missouri, 248 U.S. 365 (1919)...... 1876 Merchants’ L. & T. Co. v. Smietanka, 255 U.S. 509 (1921)...... 2262 Merchants Liability Co. v. Smart, 267 U.S. 126 (1925)...... 1880 Merchant’s Nat’l Bank v. Richmond, 256 U.S. 635 (1921)...... 2567 Mercoid Corp. v. Mid-Continent Co., 320 U.S. 661 (1944)...... 2607 Meredith v. City of Winter Haven, 320 U.S. 228 (1943)...... 894 Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson, 477 U.S. 57 (1986)...... 2165 Meriwether v. Garrett, 102 U.S. 472 (1880)...... 415 Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Thompson, 478 U.S. 804 (1986)...... 806 Merrick v. Halsey & Co., 242 U.S. 568 (1917)...... 1877 Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. v. Manning, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–1132, slip op. (2016)...... 805 Merrill, Lynch v. Curran, 456 U.S. 353 (1982)...... 810 Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe, 455 U.S. 130 (1982)...... 298–99 Mesa v. California, 489 U.S. 121 (1989)...... 809, 814, 917 Mescalero Apache Tribe v. Jones, 411 U.S. 145 (1973)...... 298, 2483 Metcalf & Eddy v. Mitchell, 269 U.S. 514 (1926)...... 159 Metlakatla Indian Community v. Egan, 363 U.S. 555 (1960)...... 815 Metlakatla Indians v. Egan, 369 U.S. 45 (1962)...... 987 Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC, 497 U.S. 547 (1990)...... 2150–52, 2614 Metro-Goldwin-Mayer Studios Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd., 545 U.S. 913 (2005)...... 337 Metromedia v. City of San Diego, 453 U.S. 490 (1981)...... 1285, 2553 Metropolis Theatre Co. v. Chicago, 228 U.S. 61 (1913)...... 2104 Metropolitan Cas. Ins. Co. v. Brownell, 294 U.S. 580 (1935)...... 801 Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. City of New Orleans, 205 U.S. 395 (1907)...... 1914 Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. 724 (1985)...... 277–78, 296 Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Ward, 470 U.S. 869 (1985)...... 241, 2106, 2508 Metropolitan Washington Airports Auth. v. Citizens for the Abatement of Aircraft Noise, 501 U.S. 252 (1991)...... 66, 68, 155, 471, 569, 738, 2346 Meyer v. City of Richmond, 172 U.S. 82 (1898)...... 1594 Meyer v. Grant, 486 U.S. 414 (1988)...... 1238, 1355, 2513 TABLE OF CASES 2711

Meyer v. Nebraska, 262 U.S. 390 (1923)...... 1063, 1224, 1923–24, 1951, 2408 Meyers v. Thigpen, 378 U.S. 554 (1964)...... 2464 Miami Herald Pub. Co. v. Tornillo, 418 U.S. 241 (1974)...... 1147, 1178, 1283, 2487 Michael H. v. Gerald D., 491 U.S. 110 (1989)...... 1927, 1954, 2012 Michael M. v. Superior Court, 450 U.S. 464 (1981)...... 2092, 2166, 2172 Michaelson v. United States, 266 U.S. 42 (1924)...... 686, 694, 697, 801 Michalic v. Cleveland Tankers, 364 U.S. 325 (1960)...... 833, 1704 Michelin Tire Corp. v. Wages, 423 U.S. 276 (1976)...... 267–68, 444–45, 2611 Michelson v. United States, 335 U.S. 469 (1948)...... 1513 Michigan Canners Ass’n v. Agricultural Marketing Bd., 467 U.S. 461 (1984)...... 289, 2590 Michigan Cent. R.R. v. Michigan R.R. Comm’n, 236 U.S. 615 (1915)...... 1872–73 Michigan Cent. R.R. v. Powers, 201 U.S. 245 (1906)...... 1916 Michigan Comm’n v. Duke, 266 U.S. 570 (1925)...... 248, 2411 Michigan Dep’t of State Police v. Sitz, 496 U.S. 444 (1990)...... 1429, 1436 Michigan ex rel. Kies v. Lowrey, 199 U.S. 233 (1905)...... 415, 780, 1896 Michigan Nat’l Bank v. Michigan, 365 U.S. 467 (1961)...... 1042 Michigan Nat’l Bank v. Robertson, 372 U.S. 591 (1963)...... 2582 Michigan Pub. Utils. Comm’n v. Duke, 266 U.S. 570 (1925)...... 1893 Michigan Trust Co. v. Ferry, 228 U.S. 346 (1913)...... 932, 1987 Michigan v. Bryant, 562 U.S. ___, No. 09–150, slip op (2011)...... 1656 Michigan v. Chesternut, 486 U.S. 567 (1988)...... 1418 Michigan v. Clifford, 464 U.S. 287 (1984)...... 1397 Michigan v. DeFillippo, 443 U.S. 31 (1979)...... 1461, 1463 Michigan v. Doran, 439 U.S. 282 (1978)...... 979 Michigan v. Fisher, 558 U.S. ___, No. 09–91 (2009)...... 1381 Michigan v. Harvey, 494 U.S. 344 (1990)...... 1683 Michigan v. Jackson, 475 U.S. 625 (1986)...... 1680–83, 2615 Michigan v. Long, 463 U.S. 1032 (1983)...... 817, 1419, 1429 Michigan v. Lucas, 500 U.S. 145 (1991)...... 1659 Michigan v. Mosley, 423 U.S. 96 (1975)...... 1544 Michigan v. Payne, 412 U.S. 47 (1973)...... 772, 2048 Michigan v. Summers, 452 U.S. 692 (1981)...... 1391, 1412–13 Michigan v. Thomas, 458 U.S. 259 (1982)...... 1430–31 Michigan v. Tucker, 417 U.S. 433 (1974)...... 1461, 1536, 1538, 1546 Michigan v. Tyler, 436 U.S. 499 (1978)...... 1381, 1397 Michigan-Wisconsin Pipe Line Co. v. Calvert, 347 U.S. 157 (1954)...... 237, 2450 Mickens v. Taylor, 535 U.S. 162 (2002)...... 1670, 1676 Microsoft Corp. v. AT&T, 550 U.S. 437 (2007)...... 332 Middendorf v. Henry, 425 U.S. 25 (1976)...... 353, 356, 1616 Middlesex Cty. Ethics Comm. v. Garden State Bar Ass’n, 457 U.S. 423 (1982)...... 904 Middlesex Cty. Sewerage Auth. v. National Sea Clammers Ass’n, 453 U.S. 1 (1981)...... 810–11 Middleton v. McNeil, 541 U.S. 433 (2004)...... 2029 Middletown v. Texas Power & Light Co., 249 U.S. 152 (1919)...... 2116 Midland Co. v. Kansas City Power Co., 300 U.S. 109 (1937)...... 437 Milavetz, Gallop, & Milavetz v. United States, 559 U.S. ___, No. 08–1119 (2010) slip.op...... 1179 Miles v. Apex Marine Corp., 498 U.S. 19 (1991)...... 825, 835 Miles v. Graham, 268 U.S. 501 (1925)...... 157, 668, 677, 2322, 2606 Miles v. Safe Deposit Co., 259 U.S. 247 (1922)...... 2263 Miles v. United States, 103 U.S. 304 (1881)...... 2035 Milheim v. Moffat Tunnel Dist., 262 U.S. 710 (1923)...... 1897 Milk Control Board v. Eisenberg Co., 306 U.S. 346 (1939)...... 248 Milk Wagon Drivers v. Meadowmoor Dairies, 312 U.S. 287 (1941)...... 1291, 1335, 1342, 1348 2712 TABLE OF CASES

Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co., 497 U.S. 1 (1990)...... 1304 Millard v. Roberts, 202 U.S. 429 (1906)...... 149 Miller & Lux v. East Side Canal & Irrigation Co., 211 U.S. 293 (1908)...... 859 Miller Bros., Co. v. Maryland, 347 U.S. 340 (1954)...... 242, 252, 2450 Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. ___, No. 10–9646, slip op. (2012)...... 1756–57, 2531 Miller v. Albright, 523 U.S. 420 (1998)...... 2169 Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973)...... 1316–19, 1321, 1325, 2610 Miller v. City of Milwaukee, 272 U.S. 713 (1927)...... 2415 Miller v. Civil City of South Bend, 904 F.2d 1081 (7th Cir. 1990)...... 1329 Miller v. Fenton, 474 U.S. 104 (1985)...... 907 Miller v. Florida, 482 U.S. 423 (1987)...... 407, 2511 Miller v. French, 530 U.S. 327 (2000)...... 687, 716, 1759 Miller v. Gomez, 412 U.S. 914 (1973)...... 2483 Miller v. Johnson, 515 U.S. 900 (1995)...... 2197, 2521 Miller v. McLaughlin, 281 U.S. 261 (1930)...... 1886 Miller v. Milwaukee, 272 U.S. 713 (1927)...... 1036, 2415 Miller v. New York, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 478 (1873)...... 423 Miller v. Pate, 386 U.S. 1 (1967)...... 2032 Miller v. Schoene, 276 U.S. 272 (1928)...... 1597, 1602, 1885, 2114 Miller v. Strahl, 239 U.S. 426 (1915)...... 2113 Miller v. Texas, 153 U.S. 535 (1894)...... 1367, 2615 Miller v. United States, 357 U.S. 301 (1958)...... 1411 Miller v. United States, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 268 (1871)...... 345, 365, 926 Miller v. Wilson, 236 U.S. 373 (1915)...... 1852 Miller v. Youakim, 440 U.S. 125 (1979)...... 174, 2586 Miller-El v. Dretke, 545 U.S. 231 (2005)...... 2140 Miller’s Indemnity Underwriters v. Braud, 270 U.S. 59 (1926)...... 831 Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717 (1974)...... 2069 Milliken v. Bradley, 433 U.S. 267 (1977)...... 1797, 1804, 1807, 2069, 2128–29, 2133 Milliken v. Meyer, 311 U.S. 457 (1940)...... 936, 1987 Milliken v. United States, 283 U.S. 15 (1931)...... 1573 Millinery Corp. v. Commissioner, 350 U.S. 456 (1956)...... 2269 Mills v. Alabama, 384 U.S. 214 (1966)...... 1147, 1229–30, 2467 Mills v. Duryee, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 481 (1813)...... 930, 938 Mills v. Habluetzel, 456 U.S. 91 (1982)...... 2092, 2180, 2503 Mills v. Louisiana, 360 U.S. 230 (1959)...... 2609 Mills v. Maryland, 486 U.S. 367 (1988)...... 1731 Mills v. Rogers, 457 U.S. 291 (1982)...... 1957 Millsaps College v. City of Jackson, 275 U.S. 129 (1927)...... 427 Milton v. Wainwright, 407 U.S. 371 (1972)...... 1679 Milwaukee County v. White Co., 296 U.S. 268 (1935)...... 932, 951, 963 Milwaukee Pub. Co. v. Burleson, 255 U.S. 407 (1921)...... 1713 Mimmack v. United States, 97 U.S. 426 (1878)...... 505 Mincey v. Arizona, 437 U.S. 385 (1978)...... 1381, 1386–87, 1425, 1536, 1547 Mine Safety Co. v. Forrestal, 326 U.S. 371 (1945)...... 840 Miner v. Atlass, 363 U.S. 641 (1960)...... 719 Minersville School Dist. v. Gobitis, 310 U.S. 586 (1940)...... 1127, 2607 Minersville School District v. Gobitis, 310 U.S. 586 (1940)...... 1176–77 Minneapolis & St. L. R.R. v. Bombolis, 241 U.S. 211 (1916)...... 891, 1065, 1693 Minneapolis & St. L. R.R. v. Minnesota, 193 U.S. 53 (1904)...... 1871 Minneapolis & St. L. Ry. v. Beckwith, 129 U.S. 26 (1889)...... 1874, 2114 Minneapolis & St. L. Ry. v. Emmons, 149 U.S. 364 (1893)...... 425, 2114 TABLE OF CASES 2713

Minneapolis Star & Tribune Co. v. Minnesota Comm’r of Revenue, 460 U.S. 575 (1983)...... 1276, 2506 Minneci v. Pollard, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–1104, slip op. (2012)...... 810 Minnesota Commercial Men’s Ass’n v. Benn, 261 U.S. 140 (1923)...... 1993 Minnesota ex rel. Pearson v. Probate Court, 309 U.S. 270 (1940)...... 2022, 2064 Minnesota ex rel. Whipple v. Martinson, 256 U.S. 41 (1921)...... 1892 Minnesota Rate Cases (Simpson v. Shepard), 230 U.S. 352 (1913)...... 245, 1801, 1863–64 Minnesota State Bd. for Community Colleges v. Knight, 465 U.S. 271 (1984)...... 1223 Minnesota v. Barber, 136 U.S. 313 (1890)...... 249, 2379 Minnesota v. Blasius, 290 U.S. 1 (1933)...... 201, 268 Minnesota v. Carter, 525 U.S. 83 (1999)...... 1385 Minnesota v. Clover Leaf Creamery Co., 449 U.S. 456 (1981)...... 264, 267, 2087, 2089, 2111 Minnesota v. Dickerson, 508 U.S. 366 (1993)...... 1416 Minnesota v. First Nat’l Bank, 273 U.S. 561 (1927)...... 2569 Minnesota v. Hitchcock, 185 U.S. 373 (1902)...... 840, 853 Minnesota v. Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians, 526 U.S. 172 (1999)...... 985, 2614 Minnesota v. Murphy, 465 U.S. 420 (1984)...... 1510, 1512, 1540 Minnesota v. National Tea Co., 309 U.S. 551 (1940)...... 817 Minnesota v. Northern Securities Co., 184 U.S. 199 (1902)...... 850 Minnesota v. Olson, 495 U.S. 91 (1990)...... 1385 Minnesota v. Planned Parenthood, 448 U.S. 901 (1980)...... 2500 Minnesota v. Probate Court ex rel. Pearson, 309 U.S. 270 (1940)...... 1924 Minnesota v. United States, 305 U.S. 382 (1939)...... 839–40 Minnick v. California Dep’t of Corrections, 452 U.S. 105 (1981)...... 815 Minnick v. Mississippi, 498 U.S. 146 (1990)...... 1543–44, 1681–82 Minor v. Happersett, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 162 (1875)...... 115, 780, 992, 1835, 2164, 2277 Minor v. United States, 396 U.S. 87 (1969)...... 1523 Minturn v. Maynard, 58 U.S. (17 How.) 476 (1855)...... 2613 Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966)...... 1476, 1507, 1510, 1513–14, 1527, 1532, 1534–49, 1680–82, 1686, 2062, 2234, 2339 Mishkin v. New York, 383 U.S. 502 (1966)...... 1314 Mississippi ex rel. Robertson v. Miller, 276 U.S. 174 (1928)...... 416 Mississippi Pub. Corp. v. Murphree, 326 U.S. 438 (1946)...... 719 Mississippi R.R. Comm’n v. Mobile & Ohio R.R., 244 U.S. 388 (1917)...... 1869 Mississippi Univ. for Women v. Hogan, 458 U.S. 718 (1982)...... 2092, 2166, 2174, 2178, 2234 Mississippi v. Johnson, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 475 (1867)...... 638–39, 778, 853 Mississippi v. Louisiana, 506 U.S. 73 (1992)...... 844, 847 Missouri & Ark. L. & M. Co. v. Sebastian County, 249 U.S. 170 (1919)...... 431 Missouri ex rel. Barrett v. Kansas Natural Gas Co., 265 U.S. 298 (1924)...... 196, 244 Missouri ex rel. Burnes Nat’l Bank v. Duncan, 265 U.S. 17 (1924)...... 382, 2567 Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada, 305 U.S. 337 (1938)...... 2123, 2436 Missouri ex rel. Missouri Ins. Co. v. Gehner, 281 U.S. 313 (1930)...... 2423 Missouri ex rel. Robertson v. Miller, 276 U.S. 174 (1928)...... 2418 Missouri ex rel. Southern Ry. v. Mayfield, 340 U.S. 1 (1950)...... 891 Missouri ex rel. Southwestern Bell Tel. Co. v. Public Serv. Comm’n, 262 U.S. 276 (1923)...... 1866, 1868 Missouri Pac. Ry. v. Humes, 115 U.S. 512 (1885)...... 2114 Missouri Pac. Ry. v. Kansas, 248 U.S. 276 (1919)...... 781 Missouri Pac. Ry. v. Nebraska, 164 U.S. 403 (1896)...... 1583, 1869, 1871, 2381 Missouri Pacific R.R. v. Norwood, 283 U.S. 249 (1931)...... 248, 1873 Missouri Pacific R.R. v. Porter, 273 U.S. 341 (1927)...... 2569 Missouri Pacific R.R. v. Road District, 266 U.S. 187 (1924)...... 1899 Missouri Pacific R.R. v. Stroud, 267 U.S. 404 (1925)...... 2568 2714 TABLE OF CASES

Missouri Pacific Ry. v. Castle, 224 U.S. 541 (1912)...... 1835 Missouri Pacific Ry. v. Humes, 115 U.S. 512 (1885)...... 1874 Missouri Pacific Ry. v. Kansas, 216 U.S. 262 (1910)...... 1871 Missouri Pacific Ry. v. Kansas, 248 U.S. 276 (1919)...... 152, 523 Missouri Pacific Ry. v. Larabee, 234 U.S. 459 (1914)...... 2394 Missouri Pacific Ry. v. McGrew Coal Co., 244 U.S. 191 (1917)...... 1872 Missouri Pacific Ry. v. Nebraska, 164 U.S. 403 (1896)...... 1584, 2381 Missouri Pacific Ry. v. Nebraska, 217 U.S. 196 (1910)...... 1869, 2389 Missouri Pacific Ry. v. Tucker, 230 U.S. 340 (1913)...... 1874, 2392 Missouri v. Dockery, 191 U.S. 165 (1903)...... 2108 Missouri v. Fiske, 290 U.S. 18 (1933)...... 1805 Missouri v. Frye, 566 U.S. ___, No. 10–444, slip op. (2012)...... 1673–75 Missouri v. Holland, 252 U.S. 416 (1920)...... 379, 535–38, 871 Missouri v. Hunter, 459 U.S. 359 (1983)...... 1500 Missouri v. Illinois & Chicago District, 180 U.S. 208 (1901)...... 750, 844, 852 Missouri v. Jenkins, 495 U.S. 33 (1990)...... 708, 893, 2133 Missouri v. McNeely, 569 U.S. ___, No. 11–1425, slip op. (2013)...... 1382, 1422, 1434 Missouri v. NOW, 620 F.2d 1301 (8th Cir. 1980)...... 1362 Missouri v. Seibert, 542 U.S. 600 (2004)...... 1545 Missouri, K. & T. Ry. v. Harriman Bros., 227 U.S. 657 (1913)...... 2563 Missouri, Kan., & Tex. Ry. v. May, 194 U.S. 267 (1904)...... 2114 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Ry. v. Cade, 233 U.S. 642 (1914)...... 2008 Mistretta v. United States, 488 U.S. 361 (1989)..... 67–68, 72, 76–79, 86, 91, 94, 471, 473, 569, 686, 689, 758, 1633–34 Mitchell v. Burlington, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 270 (1867)...... 2604 Mitchell v. Donovan, 290 F. Supp. 642 (D. Minn. 1968)...... 1202 Mitchell v. Forsyth, 472 U.S. 511 (1985)...... 643 Mitchell v. H.B. Zachry Co., 362 U.S. 310 (1960)...... 209–10 Mitchell v. Harmony, 54 U.S. (13 How.) 115 (1852)...... 368, 504, 1701 Mitchell v. Helms, 530 U.S. 793 (2000)...... 1074, 1076–77, 1083, 1086, 1092, 2614 Mitchell v. Laird, 488 F.2d 611 (D.C. Cir. 1973)...... 350, 751 Mitchell v. Lublin, McGaughy & Associates, 358 U.S. 207 (1959)...... 210 Mitchell v. Maurer, 293 U.S. 237 (1934)...... 688 Mitchell v. Tilghman, 86 U.S. (19 Wall.) 287 (1873)...... 2604 Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, 362 U.S. 539 (1960)...... 833 Mitchell v. United States, 267 U.S. 341 (1925)...... 1592 Mitchell v. United States, 313 U.S. 80 (1941)...... 229, 2142 Mitchell v. United States, 526 U.S. 314 (1999)...... 1510 Mitchell v. W.T. Grant Co., 416 U.S. 600 (1975)...... 1980–82, 2611 Mitchum v. Foster, 407 U.S. 225 (1972)...... 897 M’Naghten’s Case, 8 Eng. Rep. 718 (1843)...... 2042 Mobil Oil Corp. v. Commissioner of Taxes, 445 U.S. 425 (1980)...... 1901, 1912 Mobil Oil Corp. v. Comm’r of Taxes, 445 U.S. 425 (1980)...... 251, 254 Mobile & Ohio R.R. v. Tennessee, 153 U.S. 486 (1894)...... 411, 2380 Mobile v. Watson, 116 U.S. 289 (1886)...... 435, 2376 Modern Woodmen v. Mixer, 267 U.S. 544 (1925)...... 956–57 Moe v. Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes, 425 U.S. 463 (1976)...... 298, 2585 Moffit v. Kelly, 218 U.S. 400 (1910)...... 432 Monell v. New York City Dep’t of Social Services, 436 U.S. 658 (1978).... 811, 1453, 1797, 2611 Monge v. California, 524 U.S. 721 (1998)...... 1498–99, 1503 Monger v. Florida, 405 U.S. 958 (1972)...... 818 Monitor Patriot Co. v. Roy, 401 U.S. 265 (1971)...... 1299 Monongahela Bridge Co. v. United States, 216 U.S. 177 (1910)...... 187 TABLE OF CASES 2715

Monongahela Navigation Co. v. United States, 148 U.S. 312 (1893)...... 189, 1586, 1589, 1591, 1593, 2316 Monroe v. Board of Comm’rs of City of Jackson, 391 U.S. 450 (1968)...... 2126 Monroe v. Pape, 365 U.S. 167 (1961)...... 811, 1453, 2069, 2228, 2611 Monsanto Co. v. Geerston Seed Farms, 561 U.S. ___, No. 09–475, slip op. (2010)...... 735 Montana Co. v. St. Louis M. & M. Co., 152 U.S. 160 (1894)...... 2015 Montana Dep’t of Revenue v. Kurth Ranch, 511 U.S. 767 (1994)...... 1483, 2520 Montana Nat’l Bank v. Yellowstone County, 276 U.S. 499 (1928)...... 2569 Montana v. Blackfeet Tribe, 471 U.S. 759 (1985)...... 298 Montana v. Crow Tribe of Indians, 484 U.S. 997 (1988)...... 2593 Montana v. Egelhoff, 518 U.S. 37 (1996)...... 2031 Montana v. Kennedy, 366 U.S. 308 (1961)...... 483 Montana v. United States, 450 U.S. 544 (1981)...... 297 Montana v. Wyoming, 563 U.S. ___, No. 137, Orig., slip op. (2011)...... 845 Montanye v. Haymes, 427 U.S. 236 (1976)...... 1840, 1976, 2056 Montejo v. Louisiana, 556 U.S. ___, No. 07–1529, slip op. (2009)...... 1681–82, 2615 Montgomery v. Louisiana, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–280, slip op. (2016)...... 773–75, 1021, 1757 Mooney v. Holohan, 294 U.S. 103 (1935)...... 1063, 2031, 2033, 2050, 2069 Moor v. County of Alameda, 411 U.S. 693 (1973)...... 1793, 2611 Moore Ice Cream Co. v. Rose, 289 U.S. 373 (1933))...... 801 Moore v. American Transp. Co., 65 U.S. (24 How.) 1 (1861)...... 822 Moore v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Bd. of Educ., 402 U.S. 47 (1971)...... 727 Moore v. City of East Cleveland, 431 U.S. 494 (1977)...... 1598, 1888, 1951, 1953, 2551 Moore v. Dempsey, 261 U.S. 86 (1923)...... 906, 1063, 2028, 2050–51 Moore v. Houston, 3 S. & R. (Pa.) 169 (1817)...... 370 Moore v. Illinois Cent. R.R., 312 U.S. 630 (1941)...... 2610 Moore v. Illinois, 408 U.S. 786 (1972)...... 772, 981, 1481, 2032 Moore v. Illinois, 55 U.S. (14 How.) 13 (1852)...... 1481 Moore v. Illinois, 55 U.S. (14 How.) 13 (1853)...... 981 Moore v. Johnson, 582 F.2d 1228 (1978)...... 1960 Moore v. Michigan, 355 U.S. 155 (1957)...... 1663–64 Moore v. Missouri, 159 U.S. 673 (1895)...... 2120 Moore v. Mitchell, 281 U.S. 18 (1930)...... 951, 2423 Moore v. New York Cotton Exchange, 270 U.S. 593 (1926)...... 813 Moore v. New York, 333 U.S. 565 (1948)...... 1638 Moore v. Ogilvie, 394 U.S. 814 (1969)...... 769, 783, 2189, 2272, 2473, 2610 Moore v. Sims, 442 U.S. 415 (1979)...... 893, 904 Moore v. U.S. House of Representatives, 733 F.2d 946 (D.C. Cir. 1984)...... 148 Moorman Mfg. Co. v. Bair, 437 U.S. 267 (1978)...... 237, 254–55, 1901, 1912 Moose Lodge No. 107 v. Irvis, 407 U.S. 163 (1972)...... 2074, 2080–81, 2291 Mora v. McNamara, 387 F.2d 862 (D.C. Cir. 1967)...... 349 Moragne v. States Marine Lines, 398 U.S. 375 (1970)...... 821, 825, 833, 835, 2610 Morales v. TWA, 504 U.S. 374 (1992)...... 276, 1019 Moran v. Burbine, 475 U.S. 412 (1986)...... 1545 Moran v. City of New Orleans, 112 U.S. 69 (1884)...... 2535 More v. Steinbach, 127 U.S. 70 (1888)...... 1699 Morehead v. New York ex rel. Tipaldo, 298 U.S. 587 (1936)...... 1853, 2433, 2605 Moreland v. Sprecher, 443 U.S. 709 (1979)...... 1150 Morey v. Doud, 354 U.S. 457 (1957)...... 2086, 2115, 2453, 2611 Morf v. Bingaman, 298 U.S. 407 (1936)...... 2105, 2108 Morgan v. Devine, 237 U.S. 632 (1915)...... 1500 Morgan v. Illinois, 504 U.S. 719 (1992)...... 1641 Morgan v. Kerrigan, 530 F.2d 401 (1st Cir.)...... 2134 2716 TABLE OF CASES

Morgan v. Louisiana, 118 U.S. 455 (1886)...... 270, 399, 447 Morgan v. Louisiana, 93 U.S. 217 (1876)...... 427 Morgan v. TVA, 28 F. Supp. 732 (E.D. Tenn. 1939)...... 587 Morgan v. United States, 113 U.S. 476 (1885)...... 2604 Morgan v. Virginia, 328 U.S. 373 (1946)...... 229, 2142, 2442 Morissette v. United States, 342 U.S. 246 (1952)...... 2023 Morley v. Lake Shore Ry., 146 U.S. 162 (1892)...... 414, 431 Mormon Church v. United States, 136 U.S. 1 (1890)...... 990 Morrill v. Wisconsin, 154 U.S. 626 (1877)...... 2371 Morris v. Gilmer, 129 U.S. 315 (1889)...... 859 Morris v. Jones, 329 U.S. 545 (1947)...... 934 Morris v. Mathews, 475 U.S. 237 (1986)...... 1496 Morris v. Slappy, 461 U.S. 1 (1983)...... 1672 Morrison v. California, 291 U.S. 82 (1934)...... 302, 2013, 2428 Morrison v. Olson, 487 U.S. 654 (1988)...... 67–68, 71–72, 462, 471, 473, 568, 570, 573, 580, 583–84, 586, 615, 622, 670, 686 Morrison v. Work, 266 U.S. 481 (1925)...... 840 Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471 (1972)...... 771, 1841, 1968, 1977, 2057 Morse v. Frederick, 127 S. Ct. 2618 (2007)...... 1228–29 Morton Salt Co. v. Suppiger Co., 314 U.S. 488 (1942)...... 338 Morton v. Mancari, 417 U.S. 535 (1974)...... 297, 300, 2145 Moses H. Cone Hosp. v. Mercury Constr. Corp., 460 U.S. 1 (1983)...... 894 Moses Lake Homes v. Grant County, 365 U.S. 744 (1961)...... 1039 Motes v. United States, 178 U.S. 458 (1900)...... 380, 1648 Motion Picture Co. v. Universal Film Co., 243 U.S. 502 (1917)...... 338 Motor Vehicle Mfrs. Ass’n v. State Farm Mut. Ins. Co., 463 U.S. 29 (1983)...... 87 Mountain Timber Co. v. Washington, 243 U.S. 219 (1917)...... 780, 1855, 2116 Moyer v. Peabody, 212 U.S. 78 (1909)...... 508, 626–27, 783 Mt. Healthy City Bd. of Educ. v. Doyle, 429 U.S. 274 (1977)...... 1217, 1789, 1793, 2098, 2240 Mt. Vernon-Woodberry Cotton Duck Co. v. Alabama Interstate Power Co., 240 U.S. 30 (1916)...... 1583–84 Muehler v. Mena, 125 S. Ct. 1465 (2005)...... 1413 Mueller v. Allen, 463 U.S. 388 (1983)...... 1084, 1090, 1094–96 Mugler v. Kansas, 123 U.S. 623 (1887)...... 239, 1596–97, 1603, 1835, 1844–46, 1891–92 Muhlker v. New York & Harlem R.R., 197 U.S. 544 (1905)...... 412 Muir v. Louisville Park Theatrical Ass’n, 347 U.S. 971 (1954)...... 2143 Mulford v. Smith, 307 U.S. 38 (1939)...... 179, 211, 1576 Mullan v. United States, 140 U.S. 240 (1891)...... 505 Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co., 339 U.S. 306 (1950)...... 1961, 1999, 2003–04, 2446 Mullaney v. Anderson, 342 U.S. 415 (1952)...... 972–73 Mullaney v. Wilbur, 421 U.S. 684 (1975)...... 1751, 2016, 2036–37, 2041 Mullenix v. Luna, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–1143, slip op. (2015)...... 1455 Muller v. Dows, 94 U.S. 444 (1877)...... 857 Muller v. Oregon, 208 U.S. 412 (1908)...... 1850–52, 2116, 2164 Mu’Min v. Virginia, 500 U.S. 415 (1991)...... 1643, 2028 Munaf v. Geren, 128 S. Ct. 2207 (2008)...... 512 Munday v. Wisconsin Trust Co., 252 U.S. 499 (1920)...... 1875 Muniz v. Hoffman, 422 U.S. 454 (1975)...... 702 Munn v. Illinois, 94 U.S. 113 (1877)... 192, 399, 415, 801, 1555, 1838, 1842, 1844–45, 1859–60, 1867 Munro v. Socialist Workers Party, 479 U.S. 189 (1986)...... 131, 2191 Munsey v. Clough, 196 U.S. 364 (1905)...... 979 TABLE OF CASES 2717

Murdock v. City of Memphis, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 590 (1875)...... 816–17, 909 Murdock v. Pennsylvania, 319 U.S. 105 (1943)...... 1126, 2544 Murel v. Baltimore City Criminal Court, 407 U.S. 355 (1972)...... 2064 Murphy v. California, 225 U.S. 623 (1912)...... 1883, 2112 Murphy v. Florida, 421 U.S. 794 (1975)...... 1639, 2028 Murphy v. Hunt, 455 U.S. 478 (1982)...... 769 Murphy v. Massachusetts, 177 U.S. 155 (1900)...... 2049 Murphy v. Ramsey, 114 U.S. 15 (1885)...... 392, 990, 1125 Murphy v. Waterfront Comm’n, 378 U.S. 52 (1964)...... 108, 1507, 1516, 1519, 2609 Murray v. Carrier, 477 U.S. 478 (1986)...... 913–15 Murray v. Charleston, 96 U.S. 432 (1878)...... 423, 2535 Murray v. City of Charleston, 96 U.S. 432 (1878)...... 2535 Murray v. Gerrick & Co., 291 U.S. 315 (1934)...... 2571 Murray v. Giarratano, 492 U.S. 1 (1989)...... 1746, 1750, 2217 Murray v. Louisiana, 163 U.S. 101 (1896)...... 918 Murray v. McCarty, 2 Munf. 373 (Va. 1811)...... 967 Murray v. United States, 487 U.S. 533 (1988)...... 1463 Murray v. Vaughn, 300 F. Supp. 688 (D.R.I. 1969)...... 688 Murray v. Wilson Distilling Co., 213 U.S. 151 (1909)...... 1794–95, 1806 Murray’s Lessee v. Hoboken Land & Improvement Co., 59 U.S. (18 How.) 272 (1856)...... 379, 673, 676, 885, 1552, 1555–56, 1978 Musacchio v. United States, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–1095, slip op. (2016)...... 2036 Muskrat v. United States, 219 U.S. 346 (1911)...... 686, 691, 725, 727, 759, 2319 Musser v. Utah, 333 U.S. 95 (1948)...... 2018 Mutual Film Corp. v. Ohio Indus. Comm’n, 236 U.S. 230 (1915)...... 2608 Mutual Life Ins. Co. v. Johnson, 293 U.S. 335 (1934)...... 861 Mutual Loan Co. v. Martell, 222 U.S. 225 (1911)...... 1878 Mutual Pharmaceutical Co. v. Bartlett, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–142, slip op. (2013)...... 286 Myers v. Irwin, 2 S. & R. (Pa.) 367 (1816)...... 437 Myers v. United States, 272 U.S. 52 (1926)...... 67, 72, 461–62, 464–65, 470, 568, 577, 579–81, 583–86, 615, 621–22, 2316 Myles Salt Co. v. Iberia Drainage Dist., 239 U.S. 478 (1916)...... 1900 N N.Y. State Conf. of Blue Cross & Blue Shield Plans v. Travelers Ins. Co., 514 U.S. 645 (1995)...... 278 NAACP v. Alabama ex rel. Flowers, 377 U.S. 288 (1964)...... 889, 1167, 1183 NAACP v. Alabama ex rel. Patterson, 357 U.S. 449 (1958)...... 736, 749, 816, 818, 1063, 1167, 1182 NAACP v. Alabama, 360 U.S. 240 (1959)...... 889 NAACP v. Button, 371 U.S. 415 (1963)...... 749, 1129, 1148, 1171, 1182–84, 2458 NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co., 458 U.S. 886 (1982)...... 815, 1176, 1184, 1291–94, 1304, 1344–46, 1348, 1362, 2071 Nacirema Operating Co. v. Johnson, 396 U.S. 212 (1969)...... 832 Nader v. Bork, 366 F. Supp. 104 (D.D.C. 1973)...... 582 Nantahala Power & Light Co. v. Thornburg, 476 U.S. 953 (1986)...... 289 Napier v. Atlantic Coast Line R.R., 272 U.S. 605 (1926)...... 192, 2569 Napue v. Illinois, 360 U.S. 264 (1959)...... 2031 Nardone v. United States, 308 U.S. 338 (1939)...... 1392, 1447 Narenji v. Civiletti, 617 F.2d 745 (D.C. Cir. 1979)...... 1569 Nasa v. Nelson, 562 U.S. ___, No. 09–530, slip op. (2011)...... 1945 Nash v. Florida Industrial Comm’n, 389 U.S. 235 (1967)...... 292, 2583 Nashville Gas Co. v. Satty, 434 U.S. 136 (1977)...... 2097, 2165 Nashville, C. & St. L. R.R. v. Alabama, 128 U.S. 96 (1888)...... 1646, 1873, 1882 2718 TABLE OF CASES

Nashville, C. & St. L. Ry. v. Browning, 310 U.S. 362 (1940)...... 1899, 2108 Nashville, C. & St. L. Ry. v. Wallace, 288 U.S. 249 (1933)...... 692, 759, 1897, 2103 Nashville, C. & St. L. Ry. v. Walters, 294 U.S. 405 (1935)...... 1597, 1605, 1839, 1869–70 Nashville, C. & St. L. Ry. v. White, 278 U.S. 456 (1929)...... 1873 Natal v. Louisiana, 139 U.S. 621 (1891)...... 1883, 2113 Nathan v. Louisiana, 49 U.S. (8 How.) 73 (1850)...... 444 Nathanson v. United States, 290 U.S. 41 (1933)...... 1402 National Ass’n of Letter Carriers v. Blount, 305 F. Supp. 546 (D.D.C. 1969)...... 575, 1204 National Ass’n of Letter Carriers v. Civil Service Comm’n, 346 F. Supp. 578 (D.D.C. 1972)...... 1213–14 National Bank v. Commonwealth, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 353 (1870)...... 1032 National Bank v. Republic of China, 348 U.S. 356 (1952)...... 868 National Bank v. United States, 101 U.S. 1 (1880)...... 324 National Bd. of YMCA v. United States, 395 U.S. 85 (1969)...... 1606 National Bellas Hess, Inc. v. Department of Revenue, 386 U.S. 753 (1967)...... 252, 1901, 2468, 2613 National Broadcasting Co. v. United States, 319 U.S. 190 (1943)...... 78, 85 National Cable Television Ass’n v. United States, 415 U.S. 336 (1974)...... 78–79, 93 National Cotton Oil Co. v. Texas, 197 U.S. 115 (1905)...... 1876 National Council U.A.M. v. State Council, 203 U.S. 151 (1906)...... 1875 National Credit Union Administration v. First National Bank & Trust Co., 522 U.S. 479 (1998)...... 755 National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley, 524 U.S. 569 (1998)...... 1171, 1259 National Exchange Bank v. Wiley, 195 U.S. 257 (1904)...... 933, 1987 National Farmers Union Ins. Cos. v. Crow Tribe, 471 U.S. 845 (1985)...... 811 National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, 567 U.S. ___, No. 11–393, slip op. (2012)...... 164, 172–73, 227–28, 2337 National Fed’n of Fed. Employees v. United States, 688 F.Supp. 671 (D.D.C. 1988)...... 590 National Fertilizer Ass’n v. Bradley, 301 U.S. 178 (1937)...... 1877 National Foreign Trade Council v. Natsios, 181 F.3d 38 (1st Cir. 1999)...... 562 National Geographic Soc’y v. California Bd. of Equalization, 430 U.S. 551 (1977)...... 252, 1901 National Ins. Co. v. Wanberg, 260 U.S. 71 (1922)...... 1880 National League of Cities v. Usery, 426 U.S. 833 (1976)...... 182, 210, 1023, 1025–29, 1767, 1773–74, 1776, 1795, 2338, 2611–12 National Life Ins. Co. v. United States, 277 U.S. 508 (1928)...... 2323 National Meat Ass’n v. Harris, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–224, slip op. (2012)...... 275, 2598 National Metropolitan Bank v. United States, 323 U.S. 454 (1945)...... 866 National Mut. B. & L. Ass’n v. Brahan, 193 U.S. 635 (1904)...... 953, 958–59 National Mutual Ins. Co. v. Tidewater Transfer Co., 337 U.S. 582 (1949).... 375, 679, 814, 855, 875 National Paper Co. v. Bowers, 266 U.S. 373 (1924)...... 398, 1572 National Prohibition Cases, 253 U.S. 350 (1920)...... 782, 998–99 National Safe Deposit Co. v. Stead, 232 U.S. 58 (1914)...... 1455–56, 1918 National Socialist Party v. Village of Skokie, 432 U.S. 43 (1977)...... 1150, 1334, 1344 National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab, 489 U.S. 656 (1989)...... 1443, 1445 National Union v. Arnold, 348 U.S. 37 (1954)...... 2009 Navarro Savings Ass’n v. Lee, 446 U.S. 458 (1980)...... 858 NBC v. United States, 319 U.S. 190 (1943)...... 1279 NCAA v. Tarkanian, 488 U.S. 179 (1988)...... 2075 Neal v. Delaware, 103 U.S. 370 (1881)...... 917–18, 2137, 2244 Near v. Minnesota ex rel. Olson, 283 U.S. 697 (1931)...... 1064, 1143, 1148, 1294, 2425 Nebbia v. New York, 291 U.S. 502 (1934).... 249, 369, 1839, 1846, 1860, 1875, 2087, 2113, 2117 Neblett v. Carpenter, 305 U.S. 297 (1938)...... 1881 TABLE OF CASES 2719

Nebraska Press Ass’n v. Stuart, 427 U.S. 539 (1976)...... 769, 1152–53, 1162–63, 1175, 1250, 1310, 1623–24 Nebraska v. Parker, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–1406, slip op. (2016)...... 301 Nebraska v. Wyoming, 325 U.S. 589 (1945)...... 845 Nectow v. City of Cambridge, 277 U.S. 183 (1928)...... 1598, 1887, 2542 Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1 (1999)...... 1628 Neely v. Henkel, 180 U.S. 109 (1901)...... 379, 391, 535, 610 Neely v. Martin K. Eby Construction Co., 386 U.S. 317 (1967)...... 1701, 1703 Neil v. Biggers, 409 U.S. 188 (1972)...... 714, 2026 Neil, Moore & Co. v. Ohio, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 720 (1845)...... 2559 Nelson v. Adams, 529 U.S. 460 (2000)...... 1961 Nelson v. Campbell, 541 U.S. 637 (2004)...... 1735 Nelson v. County of Los Angeles, 362 U.S. 1 (1960)...... 1206, 1516 Nelson v. George, 399 U.S. 224 (1970)...... 951 Nelson v. Miranda, 413 U.S. 902 (1973)...... 2485 Nelson v. New York City, 352 U.S. 103 (1956)...... 1920 Nelson v. O’Neil, 402 U.S. 622 (1971)...... 1640, 1650–51 Nelson v. St. Martin’s Parish, 111 U.S. 716 (1884)...... 435, 2375 Nelson v. United States, 129 S. Ct. 891 (2009)...... 1635 Nevada Comm’n on Ethics v. Carrigan, 564 U.S. ___, No. 10–568, slip op. (2011)...... 1235 Nevada Dep’t of Human Resources v. Hibbs, 538 U.S. 721 (2003)...... 2238–39 Nevada v. Hall, 440 U.S. 410 (1979)...... 953, 961, 1789, 1791 Nevada v. United States, 463 U.S. 110 (1983)...... 845 New Bedford Dry Dock Co. v. Purdy, 258 U.S. 96 (1922)...... 824 New Brunswick v. United States, 276 U.S. 547 (1928)...... 2418 New Energy Co. of Indiana v. Limbach, 486 U.S. 269 (1988)...... 257, 2513 New England Divisions Case, 261 U.S. 184 (1923)...... 1571 New England Marine Ins. Co. v. Dunham, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 1 (1870)...... 825 New England Power Co. v. New Hampshire, 455 U.S. 331 (1982)...... 242, 260 New Hampshire v. Louisiana, 108 U.S. 76 (1883)...... 750, 847, 851 New Hampshire v. Maine, 426 U.S. 363 (1976)...... 449 New Haven Inclusion Cases, 399 U.S. 392 (1970)...... 1592 New Jersey Ins. Co. v. Division of Tax Appeals, 338 U.S. 665 (1950)...... 2575 New Jersey Steam Navigation Co. v. Merchants’ Bank of Boston, 47 U.S. (6 How.) 34 (1848)...... 820–21, 824, 829 New Jersey Tel. Co. v. Tax Board, 280 U.S. 338 (1930)...... 2422 New Jersey v. New York, 30 U.S. (5 Pet.) 284 (1931)...... 844–45, 871 New Jersey v. Portash, 440 U.S. 451 (1979)...... 1520, 1547 New Jersey v. Sargent, 269 U.S. 328 (1926)...... 757, 850 New Jersey v. T.L.O., 469 U.S. 325 (1985)...... 1382, 1398, 1438, 2062 New Jersey v. Wilson, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 164 (1812)...... 417, 421, 2362 New Jersey v. Yard, 95 U.S. 104 (1877)...... 423, 2372 New Jersey Welfare Rights Org. v. Cahill, 411 U.S. 619 (1973)...... 2180, 2483 New Mexico v. Lane, 243 U.S. 52 (1917)...... 840 New Mexico v. Mescalero Apache Tribe, 462 U.S. 324 (1983)...... 297, 299 New Motor Vehicle Bd. v. Orrin W. Fox Co., 439 U.S. 96 (1978)...... 1847, 1875 New Negro Alliance v. Sanitary Grocery Co., 303 U.S. 552 (1938)...... 717, 879 New Orleans & N.E.R.R. v. Scarlet, 249 U.S. 528 (1919)...... 2566 New Orleans City Park Improvement Ass’n v. Detiege, 358 U.S. 54 (1958)...... 2143 New Orleans Debenture Redemption Co. v. Louisiana, 180 U.S. 320 (1901)...... 1875 New Orleans Gas Co. v. Drainage Comm’n, 197 U.S. 453 (1905)...... 1870 New Orleans Gas Co. v. Louisiana Light Co., 115 U.S. 650 (1885)...... 410, 431, 2535 New Orleans Public Service v. New Orleans, 281 U.S. 682 (1930)...... 1840 2720 TABLE OF CASES

New Orleans Public Service, Inc. v. Council of the City of New Orleans, 491 U.S. 350 (1989)...... 894, 904 New Orleans v. Clark, 95 U.S. 644 (1877)...... 1695 New Orleans v. N.O. Water Works Co., 142 U.S. 79 (1891)...... 432 New Orleans v. New Orleans Water-Works Co., 142 U.S. 79 (1891)...... 431 New Orleans v. The Steamship Co., 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 387 (1874)...... 363 New Orleans v. Winter, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 91 (1816)...... 375 New Orleans Water-Works Co. v. Louisiana Sugar Co., 125 U.S. 18 (1888)...... 410 New Orleans Water-Works Co. v. Rivers, 115 U.S. 674 (1885)...... 410, 2535 New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann, 285 U.S. 262 (1932)...... 1860, 2426 New York & N.E. R.R. v. Bristol, 151 U.S. 556 (1894)...... 425, 2114 New York & Queens Gas Co. v. McCall, 245 U.S. 345 (1917)...... 1871 New York Cent. R.R. v. Bianc, 250 U.S. 596 (1919)...... 1855 New York Cent. R.R. v. Hudson County, 227 U.S. 248 (1913)...... 189, 2564 New York Cent. R.R. v. White, 243 U.S. 188 (1917)...... 437, 1579, 1854, 2015, 2116 New York Cent. R.R. v. Winﬁeld, 244 U.S. 147 (1917)...... 2565 New York Central Securities Co. v. United States, 287 U.S. 12 (1932)...... 85 New York City Bd. of Estimate v. Morris, 489 U.S. 688 (1989)...... 2194, 2555 New York City Jaycees v. United States Jaycees, 512 F.2d 856 (2d Cir. 1976)...... 2079 New York City Transit Auth. v. Beazer, 440 U.S. 568 (1979)...... 2086, 2088 New York City v. Miln, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 102 (1837)...... 270, 1022 New York ex rel. Bank of Commerce v. New York City, 67 U.S. (2 Bl.) 620 (1863).... 1035, 2367 New York ex rel. Bryant v. Zimmerman, 278 U.S. 63 (1928)...... 816, 1835, 2114 New York ex rel. Cohn v. Graves, 300 U.S. 308 (1937)...... 1897, 1912 New York ex rel. Hatch v. Reardon, 204 U.S. 152 (1907)...... 1905 New York ex rel. Kennedy v. Becker, 241 U.S. 556 (1916)...... 987 New York ex rel. Kopel v. Bingham, 211 U.S. 468 (1909)...... 1049 New York ex rel. New York Cent. R.R. v. Miller, 202 U.S. 584 (1906)...... 1902 New York ex rel. Northern Finance Corp. v. Lynch, 290 U.S. 601 (1933)...... 2605 New York ex rel. Rogers v. Graves, 299 U.S. 401 (1937)...... 1038–39, 2434, 2606 New York ex rel. Silz v. Hesterberg, 211 U.S. 31 (1908)...... 270, 1886 New York ex rel. Whitman v. Wilson, 318 U.S. 688 (1943)...... 2031, 2050 New York ex rel. Whitney v. Graves, 299 U.S. 366 (1937)...... 1912 New York ex rel. Woodhaven Gas Light Co. v. Public Serv. Comm’n, 269 U.S. 244 (1925)...... 1871 New York Gaslight Club v. Carey, 447 U.S. 54 (1980)...... 1796 New York Indians, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 761 (1867)...... 546 New York Life Ins. Co. v. Cravens, 178 U.S. 389 (1900)...... 959 New York Life Ins. Co. v. Dodge, 246 U.S. 357 (1918)...... 1880, 2400 New York Life Ins. Co. v. Dunlevy, 241 U.S. 518 (1916)...... 2001 New York Life Ins. Co. v. Head, 234 U.S. 149 (1914)...... 958 New York Magazine v. Metropolitan Transportation Authority, 136 F.3d 123 (2d Cir. 1998)...... 1151 New York Rapid Transit Corp. v. New York, 303 U.S. 573 (1938)...... 2103 New York State Ass’n for Retarded Children v. Carey, 631 F.2d 162 (2d Cir. 1980)...... 1956 New York State Bd. of Elections v. Lopez Torres, 128 S. Ct. 791 (2008)...... 1189 New York State Club Ass’n v. New York City, 487 U.S. 1 (1988)...... 1185–86 New York State Liquor Auth. v. Bellanca, 452 U.S. 714 (1981)...... 1329, 2292, 2614 New York State Rys. v. Shuler, 265 U.S. 379 (1924)...... 1855 New York Tel. Co. v. Dolan, 265 U.S. 96 (1924)...... 1899 New York Tel. Co. v. New York Labor Dep’t, 440 U.S. 519 (1979)...... 290, 296 New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964).... 1140–41, 1143, 1147, 1150, 1155, 1169, 1175, 1265, 1289, 1295–1301, 1303–06, 1308, 1345, 2071, 2465 TABLE OF CASES 2721

New York Times Co. v. United States, 403 U.S. 713 (1971)...... 367, 464, 592, 628, 1148, 1169 New York Times v. Jascalevich, 439 U.S. 1301 (1978)...... 1249 New York Trust Co. v. Eisner, 256 U.S. 345 (1921)...... 396 New York v. Belton, 453 U.S. 454 (1981)...... 1381, 1426–27, 1430, 1467 New York v. Burger, 482 U.S. 691 (1987)...... 1382, 1395–96, 1398 New York v. Cathedral Academy, 434 U.S. 125 (1977)...... 1087, 1089, 2495 New York v. Class, 475 U.S. 106 (1986)...... 1430, 1438 New York v. Compagnie Gen. Transatlantique, 107 U.S. 59 (1882)...... 2375 New York v. Ferber, 458 U.S. 747 (1982)...... 748, 1172, 1288, 1295, 1320, 1323 New York v. Harris, 495 U.S. 14 (1990)...... 1463 New York v. Illinois, 274 U.S. 488 (1927)...... 757 New York v. Irving Trust Co., 288 U.S. 329 (1933)...... 323 New York v. Louisiana, 108 U.S. 76 (1883)...... 847 New York v. Miln, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 102 (1837)...... 179, 2606 New York v. New Jersey, 256 U.S. 296 (1921)...... 750, 852 New York v. O’Neill, 359 U.S. 1 (1959)...... 975, 1835 New York v. P.J. Video, Inc., 475 U.S. 868 (1986)...... 1406 New York v. Quarles, 467 U.S. 549, 653 (1984)...... 1536, 1547 New York v. United States, 326 U.S. 572 (1946)... 158, 160, 993, 1027, 1029–30, 1049–50, 1769 New York v. United States, 505 U.S. 144 (1992)... 158, 183, 219, 993, 1027, 1030–31, 1776–77, 2345, 2352 New York v. United States, 515 U.S. 144 (1992)...... 1776 New York, L. E. & W. R.R. v. Pennsylvania, 153 U.S. 628 (1894)...... 2380 New York, N.H. & H. R.R. v. New York, 165 U.S. 628 (1897)...... 247, 1873 New York, N.H. & H. R.R. v. Nothnagle, 346 U.S. 128 (1953)...... 180 Newark Fire Ins. Co. v. State Board, 307 U.S. 313 (1939)...... 1906 Newberry v. United States, 256 U.S. 232 (1921)...... 129, 133, 2320, 2606 Newburyport Water Co. v. City of Newburyport, 193 U.S. 561 (1904)...... 806, 1869 Newsweek, Inc. v. Florida Dep’t of Revenue, 522 U.S. 442 (1998)...... 1921 Newton v. Brooklyn Union Gas Co., 258 U.S. 604 (1922)...... 2406 Newton v. Commissioners, 100 U.S. 548 (1880)...... 415 Newton v. Consolidated Gas Co., 258 U.S. 165 (1922)...... 1867, 2406 Newton v. Consolidated Gas Co., 259 U.S. 101 (1922)...... 2406 Newton v. Kings County Lighting Co., 258 U.S. 180 (1922)...... 2406 Newton v. New York Gas Co., 258 U.S. 178 (1922)...... 2406 Ng Fung Ho v. White, 259 U.S. 276 (1922)...... 884, 1556, 1563 Nguyen v. INS, 533 U.S. 53 (2001)...... 2169 Nicchia v. New York, 254 U.S. 228 (1920)...... 1897 Nicholas v. United States, 384 U.S. 678 (1966)...... 320 Nichols v. Coolidge, 274 U.S. 531 (1927)...... 1574, 2322 Nichols v. Massachusetts, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)...... 2543 Nichols v. United States, 511 U.S. 738 (1994)...... 1665, 2614 Nichols v. United States, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 122 (1869)...... 838 Nickel v. Cole, 256 U.S. 222 (1921)...... 818 Nickey v. Mississippi, 292 U.S. 393 (1934)...... 1916 Nicol v. Ames, 173 U.S. 509 (1899)...... 395, 2259 Nielsen v. Johnson, 279 U.S. 47 (1929)...... 527, 2570 Nielson v. Oregon, 212 U.S. 315 (1909)...... 2388 Niemotko v. Maryland, 340 U.S. 268 (1951)...... 1125, 1127, 1149, 1332–34, 1336, 1342, 1344, 1549 Nigro v. United States, 276 U.S. 332 (1928)...... 163 Nike, Inc. v. Kasky, 45 P.3d 243 (Cal. 2002)...... 1269 Nippert v. City of Richmond, 327 U.S. 416 (1946)...... 1992, 2286, 2545 2722 TABLE OF CASES

Nishikawa v. Dulles, 356 U.S. 129 (1958)...... 2012 Nix v. Whiteside, 475 U.S. 157 (1986)...... 1672 Nix v. Williams, 467 U.S. 431 (1984)...... 1675, 1683 Nixon v. Administrator of General Services, 433 U.S. 425 (1977)..... 69, 71, 390, 464, 593, 1944 Nixon v. Condon, 286 U.S. 73 (1932)...... 2246, 2427 Nixon v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 731 (1982)...... 464, 613, 640 Nixon v. Herndon, 273 U.S. 536 (1927)...... 2246, 2416 Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC 528 U.S. 377 (2000)...... 1174, 1236 Nixon v. Sirica, 487 F.2d 700 (D.C.Cir. 1973)...... 593, 640 Nixon v. United States, 506 U.S. 224 (1993)...... 658, 786 Nixon v. United States, 744 F.Supp. 9 (D.D.C. 1990)...... 658 Nixon v. United States, 978 F.2d 1269 (D.C. Cir. 1992)...... 593 Nixon v. Warner Communications, 435 U.S. 589 (1978)...... 390, 1146, 1623 NLRB v. Catholic Bishop, 440 U.S. 490 (1979)...... 1247 NLRB v. Fainblatt, 306 U.S. 601 (1939)...... 180, 208 NLRB v. Friedman-Harry Marks Clothing Co., 301 U.S. 58 (1937)...... 208 NLRB v. Fruehauf Trailer Co., 301 U.S. 49 (1937)...... 208 NLRB v. Fruit & Vegetable Packers, 377 U.S. 58 (1964)...... 1343 NLRB v. Gissel Packing Co., 395 U.S. 575 (1969)...... 1247 NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., 301 U.S. 1 (1937)... 179–80, 206, 208, 674, 1023, 1569, 1696, 1770, 1851 NLRB v. Mackay Radio & Tel. Co., 304 U.S. 333 (1938)...... 1557, 1569 NLRB v. Nash-Finch Co., 404 U.S. 138 (1971)...... 897 NLRB v. Noel Canning, 573 U.S. ___, No. 12–1281, slip op. (2014)...... 596–98 NLRB v. Reliance Fuel Oil Co., 371 U.S. 224 (1963)...... 180, 208 NLRB v. Retail Store Employees, 447 U.S. 607 (1980)...... 1343, 1346 NLRB v. Stowe Spinning Co., 336 U.S. 226 (1949)...... 1569 NLRB v. Virginia Electric & Power Co., 314 U.S. 469 (1941)...... 1247 NLRB v. Wyman-Gordon Co., 394 U.S. 759 (1969)...... 87 NLRB v. Yeshiva Univ., 444 U.S. 672 (1980)...... 1247 Noble State Bank v. Haskell, 219 U.S. 104 (1911)...... 800, 1840, 1878 Noble v. Oklahoma City, 297 U.S. 481 (1936)...... 1582 Noble v. Union River Logging R.R., 147 U.S. 165 (1893)...... 642, 1577 Noblecraft Industries v. Secretary of Labor, 614 F.2d 199 (9th Cir. 1980)...... 92 Nolan v. Transocean Air Lines, 365 U.S. 293 (1961)...... 863–64 Nollan v. California Coastal Comm’n, 483 U.S. 825 (1987)...... 1606–07, 1609 Noonan v. Lee, 67 U.S. (2 Black) 499 (1863)...... 2604 Nordlinger v. Hahn, 505 U.S. 1 (1992)...... 2109 Norfolk & Western R.R. v. Pendleton, 156 U.S. 667 (1895)...... 427 Norfolk & Western R.R. v. Pennsylvania, 136 U.S. 114 (1890)...... 2379 Norfolk & Western Ry. v. American Train Dispatchers’ Ass’n, 499 U.S. 117 (1991)...... 275 Norfolk & Western Ry. v. Conley, 236 U.S. 605 (1915)...... 2396 Norfolk Shipbuilding and Drydock Co. v. Garris, 532 U.S. 811 (2001)...... 835 Norfolk So. Ry. v. Shanklin, 529 U.S. 344 (2000)...... 279 Norfolk Turnpike Co. v. Virginia, 225 U.S. 264 (1912)...... 1870 Norman v. Baltimore & Ohio R.R., 294 U.S. 240 (1935)...... 324, 383, 1577, 1596 Norman v. Reed, 502 U.S. 279 (1992)...... 2517 Norris v. Alabama, 294 U.S. 587 (1935)...... 2018, 2137–38 North American Co. v. SEC, 327 U.S. 686 (1946)...... 203 North American Storage Co. v. City of Chicago, 211 U.S. 306 (1908)...... 1891, 1985 North Carolina ex rel. Morrow v. Califano, 445 F.Supp. 532 (E.D.N.C. 1977)...... 172, 1027 North Carolina State Bd. of Educ. v. Swann, 402 U.S. 43 (1971)...... 2127, 2476 North Carolina v. Alford, 400 U.S. 25 (1971)...... 2044 TABLE OF CASES 2723

North Carolina v. Butler, 441 U.S. 369 (1979)...... 1545 North Carolina v. Pearce, 395 U.S. 711 (1969)...... 1495, 1497–98, 2045, 2048–49 North Carolina v. Temple, 134 U.S. 22 (1890)...... 1802 North Carolina v. United States, 325 U.S. 507 (1945)...... 194 North Dakota ex rel. Flaherty v. Hanson, 215 U.S. 515 (1910)...... 2388 North Dakota State Bd. of Pharmacy v. Snyder’s Drug Stores, 414 U.S. 156 (1973)...... 1882, 2610 North Dakota v. Minnesota, 263 U.S. 365 (1923)...... 750, 852 North Dakota v. United States, 495 U.S. 423 (1990)...... 1033, 2289 North Georgia Finishing v. Di-Chem, 419 U.S. 601 (1975)...... 1981, 2488 North Pacific SS. Co. v. Hall Brothers Marine R. & S. Co., 249 U.S. 119 (1919)...... 824 North v. Russell, 427 U.S. 328 (1976)...... 1626, 2031, 2113, 2119 Northcross v. Board of Educ. of Memphis, 333 F.2d 661 (6th Cir. 1964)...... 2125 Northcross v. Board of Educ. of Memphis, 397 U.S. 232 (1970)...... 2127 Northcross v. Memphis Bd. of Educ., 302 F.2d 818 (6th Cir. 1962)...... 2125 Northeast Bancorp, Inc. v. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 472 U.S. 159 (1985)...... 241 Northeast Marine Terminal Co. v. Caputo, 432 U.S. 249 (1977)...... 832 Northeastern Fla. Ch. of the Associated Gen. Contractors v. City of Jacksonville, 508 U.S. 656 (1993)...... 744, 767 Northern Assurance Co. v. Grand View Ass’n, 203 U.S. 106 (1906)...... 963 Northern Central Ry. v. Jackson, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 262 (1869)...... 2368 Northern Insurance Company of New York v. Chatham County, 547 U.S. 189 (2006)...... 1793 Northern Ohio Traction & Light Co. v. Ohio ex rel. Pontius, 245 U.S. 574 (1918)...... 2540 Northern Pac. Ry. v. North Dakota ex rel. Langer, 250 U.S. 135 (1919)...... 345 Northern Pacific R.R. v. Babcock, 154 U.S. 190 (1894)...... 956 Northern Pacific R.R. v. Myers, 172 U.S. 589 (1899)...... 1040 Northern Pacific Ry. v. Duluth, 208 U.S. 583 (1908)...... 425 Northern Pacific Ry. v. North Dakota ex rel. McCue, 236 U.S. 585 (1915)...... 2395 Northern Pacific Ry. v. Washington, 222 U.S. 370 (1912)...... 2562 Northern Pipeline Constr. Co. v. Marathon Pipe Line Co., 458 U.S. 50 (1982)...... 68–70, 321, 384, 671–72, 675–76, 680–84, 771, 885, 2343 Northern Securities Co. v. United States, 193 U.S. 197 (1904)...... 199, 1838 Northwest Airlines v. Minnesota, 322 U.S. 292 (1944)...... 1902 Northwest Austin Municipal Util. Dist. No. One v. Holder, 557 U.S. 193 (2009)...... 2255 Northwest Cent. Pipeline Corp. v. Kansas Corp. Comm’n, 489 U.S. 493 (1989)...... 267 Northwest v. Ginsberg, 572 U.S. ___, No. 12–462, slip op. (2014)...... 276 Northwestern Co. v. FPC, 321 U.S. 119 (1944)...... 1570 Northwestern Ins. Co. v. Wisconsin, 275 U.S. 136 (1927)...... 2418 Northwestern Laundry v. Des Moines, 239 U.S. 486 (1916)...... 1887 Northwestern Life Ins. Co. v. Riggs, 203 U.S. 243 (1906)...... 1838, 1881 Northwestern Life Ins. Co. v. Wisconsin, 247 U.S. 132 (1918)...... 2103 Northwestern Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Wisconsin, 275 U.S. 136 (1927)...... 1035–36 Northwestern States Portland Cement Co. v. Minnesota, 358 U.S. 450 (1959)...... 242, 250–51, 253, 256 Northwestern University v. Illinois ex rel. Miller, 99 U.S. 309 (1878)...... 2373 Norton Co. v. Department of Revenue, 340 U.S. 534 (1951)...... 2447 Nortz v. United States, 249 U.S. 317 (1935)...... 324 Norwood v. Baker, 172 U.S. 269 (1898)...... 2383 Norwood v. Harrison, 413 U.S. 455 (1973)...... 1184, 2081 Noto v. United States, 367 U.S. 290 (1961)...... 1175, 1201, 1348 NTEU v. Nixon, 492 F.2d 587 (D.C. Cir. 1974)...... 638 Nutting v. Massachusetts, 183 U.S. 553 (1902)...... 1879 2724 TABLE OF CASES

Nw. Austin Mun. Util. Dist. No. One v. Holder, 557 U.S. 193, 203 (2009)...... 983 Nye v. United States, 313 U.S. 33 (1941)...... 699, 2606 Nyquist v. Lee, 402 U.S. 935 (1971)...... 2476 Nyquist v. Mauclet, 432 U.S. 1 (1977)...... 2092, 2095, 2160–61, 2176–78, 2494 O O’Bannon v. Town Court Nursing Center, 447 U.S. 773 (1980)...... 1972 Obergefell v. Hodges, 576 U.S. ___, No. 14–556, slip op. (2015).. 1926–27, 1952–53, 2095, 2213, 2533, 2615 O’Brien v. Brown, 409 U.S. 1 (1972)...... 786, 1013 O’Brien v. Dubois, 145 F.3d 16 (1st Cir. 1998)...... 916 O’Brien v. Miller, 168 U.S. 287 (1897)...... 824 O’Brien v. Skinner, 414 U.S. 524 (1974)...... 2187, 2486 O’Bryan v. Bureau of Prisons, 349 F.3d 399 (7th Cir. 2003)...... 1136 Ocala Star-Banner Co. v. Damron, 401 U.S. 295 (1971)...... 1299 O’Callahan v. Parker, 395 U.S. 258 (1969)...... 355–56, 1478–79, 2334, 2613 Ocampo v. United States, 234 U.S. 91 (1914)...... 991 Oceanic Navigation Co. v. Stranahan, 214 U.S. 320 (1909)...... 1560, 1616, 1629 O’Conner v. Lee-Hy Paving Corp., 579 F.2d 194 (2d Cir. 1978)...... 2002 O’Connor v. Donaldson, 422 U.S. 563 (1975)...... 752, 1955–56, 2063–64 O’Connor v. Ortega, 480 U.S. 709 (1987)...... 1398, 1440 O’Dell v. Netherland, 521 U.S. 151 (1997)...... 773, 911 O’Donnell v. Great Lakes Co., 318 U.S. 36 (1943)...... 189, 826 O’Donoghue v. United States, 289 U.S. 516 (1933)...... 375–76, 667, 679 Oetjen v. Central Leather Co., 246 U.S. 297 (1918)...... 610, 780 Offshore Logistics, Inc. v. Tallentire, 477 U.S. 207 (1986)...... 834, 2591 Offutt Housing Co. v. Sarpy County, 351 U.S. 253 (1956)...... 1039 Offutt v. United States, 348 U.S. 11 (1954)...... 704 Ogden v. Saunders, 25 U.S. (12 Wheat.) 213 (1827)...... 322, 419, 432, 801, 2363–64 O’Gorman & Young v. Hartford Ins. Co., 282 U.S. 251 (1931)...... 1860, 1879 O’Hare Truck Serv., Inc. v. City of Northlake, 518 U.S. 712 (1996)...... 1191, 1222 Ohio & M. R.R. v. McClure, 77 U.S. (10 Wall.) 511 (1871)...... 410 Ohio Adult Parole Auth. v. Woodard, 523 U.S. 272 (1998)...... 1512–13, 1977, 2060 Ohio Bureau of Employment Services v. Hodory, 431 U.S. 471 (1977)...... 290 Ohio Civil Rights Comm’n v. Dayton Christian School, Inc., 477 U.S. 619 (1986)...... 896, 904 Ohio ex rel. Bryant v. Akron Metro. Park Dist., 281 U.S. 74 (1930)...... 780 Ohio ex rel. Clarke v. Deckebach, 274 U.S. 392 (1927)...... 315, 2158 Ohio ex rel. Davis v. Hildebrant, 241 U.S. 565 (1916)...... 124, 780 Ohio ex rel. Popovici v. Agler, 280 U.S. 379 (1930)...... 818, 871 Ohio Forestry Ass’n v. Sierra Club, 523 U.S. 726 (1998)...... 763 Ohio Life Ins. and Trust Co. v. Debolt, 57 U.S. (16 How.) 416 (1854)...... 411 Ohio Oil Co. v. Conway, 281 U.S. 146 (1930)...... 2103 Ohio Oil Co. v. Indiana (No. 1), 177 U.S. 190 (1900)...... 1883 Ohio Pub. Serv. Co. v. Ohio ex rel. Fritz, 274 U.S. 12 (1927)...... 2416 Ohio Tax Cases, 232 U.S. 576 (1914)...... 2103 Ohio v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, 497 U.S. 502 (1990)...... 1934 Ohio v. Akron Park Dist., 281 U.S. 74 (1930)...... 992, 1960 Ohio v. Chattanooga Boiler Co., 289 U.S. 439 (1933)...... 932 Ohio v. Clark, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–1352, slip op. (2015)...... 1656 Ohio v. Helvering, 292 U.S. 360 (1934)...... 158 Ohio v. Johnson, 467 U.S. 493 (1984)...... 1503 Ohio v. Kovacs, 469 U.S. 274 (1985)...... 322 Ohio v. Reiner, 532 U.S. 17 (2001)...... 1509 Ohio v. Roberts, 448 U.S. 56 (1980)...... 1652–53, 2614 TABLE OF CASES 2725

Ohio v. Robinette, 519 U.S. 33 (1996)...... 1433 Ohio v. Thomas, 173 U.S. 276 (1899)...... 2562 Ohio v. Wyandotte Chemicals Corp., 401 U.S. 493 (1971)...... 845, 853, 872 Ohio Valley Water Co. v. Ben Avon Borough, 253 U.S. 287 (1920)...... 884, 1865, 1867, 2403 Ohlinger v. Watson, 652 F.2d 775 (9th Cir. 1980)...... 1956 Ohlson v. Phillips, 304 F. Supp. 1152 (C.D. Colo. 1969)...... 1179 Ohralik v. Ohio State Bar Ass’n, 436 U.S. 447 (1978)...... 1184, 1267–69, 1274 Oil Workers Local 8–6 v. Missouri, 361 U.S. 363 (1960)...... 767 Oklahoma City Bd. of Educ. v. Dowell, 498 U.S. 237 (1991)...... 2136 Oklahoma ex rel. Johnson v. Cook, 304 U.S. 387 (1938)...... 750, 847, 851 Oklahoma ex rel. Phillips v. Atkinson Co., 313 U.S. 508 (1941)...... 1024, 1581 Oklahoma Gin Co. v. Oklahoma, 252 U.S. 339 (1920)...... 2402 Oklahoma Operating Co. v. Love, 252 U.S. 331 (1920)...... 2402 Oklahoma Packing Co. v. Oklahoma Gas & Electric Co., 309 U.S. 4 (1940)...... 897 Oklahoma Press Pub. Co. v. Walling, 327 U.S. 186 (1946)...... 109, 706, 1278, 1393, 1409 Oklahoma Pub. Co. v. District Court, 430 U.S. 308 (1977)...... 1152 Oklahoma Tax Comm’n v. Chickasaw Nation, 515 U.S. 450 (1995)...... 299, 2596 Oklahoma Tax Comm’n v. Citizen Band Potawatomi Indian Tribe, 498 U.S. 505 (1991)...... 298–99 Oklahoma Tax Comm’n v. Jefferson Lines, Inc., 514 U.S. 175 (1995)..... 238, 246, 251, 256, 803 Oklahoma Tax Comm’n v. Sac & Fox Nation, 508 U.S. 114 (1993)...... 299, 2595 Oklahoma Tax Comm’n v. Texas Co., 336 U.S. 342 (1949)...... 1044, 2607 Oklahoma Tax Comm’n v. United States, 319 U.S. 598 (1943)...... 2607 Oklahoma v. Atchison, T. & S.F. Ry., 220 U.S. 277 (1911)...... 750, 847, 851 Oklahoma v. Atkinson Co., 313 U.S. 508 (1941)...... 191 Oklahoma v. Barnsdall Corp., 296 U.S. 521 (1936)...... 1044, 2572, 2608 Oklahoma v. Civil Service Comm’n, 330 U.S. 127 (1947)...... 170–72, 1213, 1258 Oklahoma v. Kansas Natural Gas Co., 221 U.S. 229 (1911)...... 1883, 2390 Oklahoma v. Texas, 258 U.S. 574 (1922)...... 990 Oklahoma v. Wells, Fargo & Co., 223 U.S. 298 (1912)...... 2391 Olberding v. Illinois Cent. R.R., 346 U.S. 338 (1953)...... 1988 Olcott v. The Supervisors, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 678 (1873)...... 411 Old Colony Trust Co. v. City of Omaha, 230 U.S. 100 (1913)...... 2539 Old Colony Trust Co. v. Commissioner, 279 U.S. 716 (1929)...... 674 Old Colony Trust Co. v. Seattle, 271 U.S. 426 (1926)...... 1805 Old Company’s Lehigh v. Meeker Co., 294 U.S. 227 (1935)...... 2572 Old Dearborn Co. v. Seagram Corp., 299 U.S. 183 (1936)...... 1876 Old Dominion Land Co. v. United States, 269 U.S. 55 (1925)...... 1587 Old Dominion Steamship Co. v. Virginia, 198 U.S. 299 (1905)...... 1902, 2607 Old Wayne Life Ass’n v. McDonough, 204 U.S. 8 (1907)...... 935, 1991 Olim v. Wakinekona, 461 U.S. 238 (1983)...... 2056 Olin v. Kitzmiller, 259 U.S. 260 (1922)...... 451 Oliphant v. Suquamish Indian Tribe, 435 U.S. 191 (1978)...... 299 Oliver Iron Co. v. Lord, 262 U.S. 172 (1923)...... 178–79 Oliver v. United States, 466 U.S. 170 (1984)...... 1437 Olmstead v. Olmstead, 216 U.S. 386 (1910)...... 950 Olmstead v. United States, 277 U.S. 438 (1928)...... 1384, 1446–49, 1459, 1923, 2609 O’Lone v. Estate of Shabazz, 482 U.S. 342 (1987)...... 1124, 1133 Olsen v. Nebraska ex rel. Western Reference and Bond Ass’n, 313 U.S. 236 (1941)... 369, 1861, 1882, 2606 Olsen v. Smith, 195 U.S. 332 (1904)...... 1882 Olson v. United States, 292 U.S. 264 (1934)...... 1587 Omaechevarria v. Idaho, 246 U.S. 343 (1918)...... 2112 2726 TABLE OF CASES

O’Malley v. Woodrough, 307 U.S. 277 (1939)...... 157, 668, 2322, 2606 O’Melveny & Myers v. FDIC, 512 U.S. 79 (1994)...... 866 Omni Capital Int’l v. Rudolph Wolff & Co., 484 U.S. 97 (1987)...... 2004 Omnia Commercial Corp. v. United States, 261 U.S. 502 (1923)...... 1591, 1596 On Lee v. United States, 343 U.S. 747 (1952)...... 1433 O’Neil v. Vermont, 144 U.S. 323 (1892)...... 1060, 1750 O’Neill v. Leamer, 239 U.S. 244 (1915)...... 780, 992 Oneok, Inc. v. Learjet, Inc., 575 U.S. ___, No. 13–271, slip op. (2014)...... 283–84 Ontario Land Co. v. Yordy, 212 U.S. 152 (1909)...... 1920 OPM v. Richmond, 496 U.S. 414 (1990)...... 401 Opp Cotton Mills v. Administrator, 312 U.S. 126 (1941)...... 87–88, 1556 Orchard v. Hughes, 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 73 (1864)...... 2604 Order of Travelers v. Wolfe, 331 U.S. 586 (1947)...... 958, 2443 Oregon ex rel. State Land Bd. v. Corvallis Sand & Gravel Co., 429 U.S. 363 (1977)... 986, 2611 Oregon v. Bradshaw, 462 U.S. 1039 (1983)...... 1543 Oregon v. Elstad, 470 U.S. 298 (1985)...... 1545 Oregon v. Guzek, 546 U.S. 517 (2006)...... 1732 Oregon v. Hass, 420 U.S. 714 (1975)...... 1546 Oregon v. Hitchcock, 202 U.S. 60 (1906)...... 840, 842, 853 Oregon v. Ice, 555 U.S. 160 (2009)...... 1635 Oregon v. Kennedy, 456 U.S. 667 (1982)...... 1484–85, 1489 Oregon v. Mathiason, 429 U.S. 492 (1977)...... 1540 Oregon v. Mitchell, 400 U.S. 112 (1970)...... 115, 129, 478, 749, 836, 853, 871, 1834–35, 2181, 2206, 2225, 2234, 2252, 2305, 2339 Oregon Waste Systems, Inc. v. Department of Envtl. Quality, 511 U.S. 93 (1994)...... 257, 261, 2519 Oregon-Washington Co. v. Washington, 270 U.S. 87 (1926)...... 2569 Organization for a Better Austin v. Keefe, 402 U.S. 415 (1971)...... 1148, 1150, 1346 Orient Ins. Co. v. Daggs, 172 U.S. 557 (1869)...... 1831, 1880, 2085 Orlando v. Laird, 317 F. Supp. 1013 (E.D.N.Y. 1970)...... 349 Orleans Parish School Bd. v. Bush, 365 U.S. 569 (1961)...... 2456 Orleans Parish v. New York Life Ins. Co., 216 U.S. 517 (1910)...... 1914 Orloff v. Willoughby, 345 U.S. 83 (1953)...... 353 Ornelas v. United States, 517 U.S. 690 (1996)...... 1401 Orozco v. Texas, 394 U.S. 324 (1969)...... 1539–40 Orr v. Gilman, 183 U.S. 278 (1902)...... 404 Orr v. Orr, 440 U.S. 268 (1979)...... 743, 2166–68, 2173, 2497 Ortwein v. Schwab, 410 U.S. 656 (1973)...... 2221 Osborn v. Bank of the United States, 22 U.S. (9 Wheat.) 737 (1824)...... 306, 325, 382, 1784, 1801, 2363 Osborn v. Bank of the United States, 22 U.S. (9 Wheat.) 738 (1824)...... 725, 797, 805–07, 809, 812, 1034, 1036, 2363, 2604 Osborn v. Ozlin, 310 U.S. 53 (1940)...... 1879 Osborn v. United States, 385 U.S. 323 (1966)...... 1433, 1450–51 Osborne v. City of Mobile, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 479 (1873)...... 447, 2604 Osborne v. Nicholson, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 654 (1872)...... 2369 Osborne v. Ohio, 495 U.S. 103 (1990)...... 1320–21, 1946 O’Shea v. Littleton, 414 U.S. 488 (1974)...... 736, 740, 745, 764, 786, 893, 2129 Oshkosh Waterworks Co. v. Oshkosh, 187 U.S. 437 (1903)...... 434–35 Osman v. Douds, 339 U.S. 846 (1950)...... 1164, 1180, 1202 Osterman v. Baldwin, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 116 (1867)...... 309 Otis v. Parker, 187 U.S. 606 (1903)...... 1877, 2114 Ott v. Mississippi Barge Line, 336 U.S. 169 (1949)...... 2607 TABLE OF CASES 2727

Ottinger v. Brooklyn Union Co., 272 U.S. 579 (1926)...... 2415 Ottinger v. Consolidated Gas Co., 272 U.S. 576 (1926)...... 2415 Ouachita Packet Co. v. Aiken, 121 U.S. 444 (1887)...... 446 Overton v. Bazzetta, 539 U.S. 126 (2003)...... 1254, 1256, 1757, 2053 Owensboro Nat’l Bank v. Owensboro, 173 U.S. 664 (1899)...... 1042 Owings v. Speed, 18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 420 (1820)...... 1051 Ownbey v. Morgan, 256 U.S. 94 (1921)...... 2006, 2008 Oyama v. California, 332 U.S. 633 (1948)...... 528, 1836, 2158, 2443 Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448 (1962)...... 2046 Ozan Lumber Co. v. Union County Bank, 207 U.S. 251 (1907)...... 339 Ozark Pipe Line Corp. v. Monier, 266 U.S. 555 (1925)...... 2411 Ozawa v. United States, 260 U.S. 178 (1922)...... 302 P Pace v. Alabama, 106 U.S. 583 (1883)...... 2119, 2122 Pace v. Burgess, 92 U.S. 372 (1876)...... 399 Pacific Coast Dairy v. Department of Agriculture, 318 U.S. 285 (1943)...... 377, 1033, 2439 Pacific Employers Ins. Co. v. Industrial Accident Comm’n, 306 U.S. 493 (1939)...... 953, 961 Pacific Gas & Elec. Co. v. State Energy Resources Comm’n, 461 U.S. 190 (1983)...... 274, 282 Pacific Gas & Elec. v. Public Utilities Comm’n, 475 U.S. 1 (1986)...... 1178, 1283, 1342 Pacific Gas Co. v. Police Court, 251 U.S. 22 (1919)...... 1870, 2114 Pacific Ins. Co. v. Soule, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 433 (1869)...... 394 Pacific Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Haslip, 499 U.S. 1 (1991)...... 2009 Pacific R.R. Removal Cases, 115 U.S. 1 (1885)...... 383, 807, 809 Pacific R.R. v. Maguire, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 36 (1874)...... 417, 2371 Pacific States Co. v. White, 296 U.S. 176 (1935)...... 1877, 2117 Pacific States Tel. Co. v. Oregon, 223 U.S. 118 (1912)...... 780, 992 Pacific Tel. & Tel. Co. v. Tax Comm’n, 297 U.S. 403 (1936)...... 194 Packard v. Banton, 264 U.S. 140 (1924)...... 1894, 2114 Packer Corp. v. Utah, 285 U.S. 105 (1932)...... 1882, 2112 Packet Co. v. Catlettsburg, 105 U.S. 559 (1882)...... 446 Packet Co. v. Keokuk, 95 U.S. 80 (1877)...... 446 Packet Co. v. St. Louis, 100 U.S. 423 (1880)...... 446 Paddell v. City of New York, 211 U.S. 446 (1908)...... 1899 Padilla v. Kentucky, 559 U.S. ___, No. 08–651, slip op. (2010)...... 1673–74 Page v. Shelby, 995 F. Supp. 23 (D.D.C. 1998)...... 135 Paine Lumber Co. v. Neal, 244 U.S. 459 (1917)...... 715, 880 Palazzolo v. Rhode Island, 533 U.S. 606 (2001)...... 1602, 1604–05, 1608, 1610 Palermo v. United States, 360 U.S. 343 (1959)...... 2032 Palko v. Connecticut, 302 U.S. 319 (1937).. 1060, 1063, 1474, 1480–81, 1490, 1556, 1763, 1835, 2017, 2610 Palmer v. Ashe, 342 U.S. 134 (1951)...... 1663–64 Palmer v. Barrett, 162 U.S. 399 (1896)...... 377 Palmer v. City of Euclid, 402 U.S. 544 (1971)...... 2021 Palmer v. McMahon, 133 U.S. 660 (1890)...... 1919, 1960 Palmer v. Thompson, 403 U.S. 217 (1971)...... 800, 1817, 2072, 2096, 2143 Palmetto Ins. Co. v. Connecticut, 272 U.S. 295 (1926)...... 1914 Palmore v. Sidoti, 466 U.S. 429 (1984)...... 2144 Palmore v. United States, 411 U.S. 389 (1973)...... 376, 679, 878 Panama R.R. v. Johnson, 264 U.S. 375 (1924)...... 822, 827, 1568 Panama R.R. v. Johnson, 264 U.S. 375 (1924)Panama R.R. v. Johnson, 264 U.S. 375 (1924)...... 1568 Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan, 293 U.S. 388 (1935)...... 77–78, 83, 94, 639, 2325 Panetti v. Quarterman, 127 S. Ct. 2842 (2007)...... 1740 2728 TABLE OF CASES

Panhandle Co. v. Highway Comm’n, 294 U.S. 613 (1935)...... 1597, 2430 Panhandle Eastern Pipeline Co. v. Highway Comm’n, 294 U.S. 613 (1935)...... 1839, 1870 Panhandle Oil Co. v. Knox, 277 U.S. 218 (1928)...... 2606 Panhandle Oil Co. v. Mississippi ex rel. Knox, 277 U.S. 218 (1928)...... 1036–37, 2419, 2606 Papachristou v. City of Jacksonville, 405 U.S. 156 (1972)...... 2019, 2550 Papasan v. Allain, 478 U.S. 265 (1986)...... 1807 Papish v. Board of Curators, 410 U.S. 667 (1973)...... 1225 Paramino Co. v. Marshall, 309 U.S. 370 (1940)...... 384, 1580 Parden v. Terminal Ry., 377 U.S. 184 (1964)...... 1791, 1795, 1797, 1800, 2613–14 Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, 551 U.S. 701 (2007)...... 2156 Parham v. Cortese, 407 U.S. 67 (1972)...... 2480 Parham v. Hughes, 441 U.S. 347 (1979)...... 2092, 2166–67, 2169, 2176–79 Parham v. J. R., 442 U.S. 584 (1979)...... 1954, 2065 Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U.S. 49 (1973)...... 1175, 1312–13, 1315–16, 1319–20, 1946–47 Parish School Bd. v. Stewart, 400 U.S. 884 (1970)...... 2475 Parke v. Raley, 506 U.S. 20 (1992)...... 1632, 2039, 2046 Parker v. Brown, 317 U.S. 341 (1943)...... 248, 259 Parker v. Dugger, 498 U.S. 308 (1991)...... 907, 1732 Parker v. Ellis, 362 U.S. 574 (1960)...... 713, 2610 Parker v. Gladden, 385 U.S. 363 (1966)...... 1637, 1640 Parker v. Levy, 411 U.S. 978 (1973)...... 2483 Parker v. Levy, 417 U.S. 733 (1974)...... 353–54, 356, 358, 613, 1172, 2483 Parker v. North Carolina, 397 U.S. 790 (1970)...... 1514, 2044 Parker v. Randolph, 442 U.S. 62 (1979)...... 1650 Parker v. Richard, 250 U.S. 235 (1919)...... 1047 Parker v. Roth, 202 Neb. 850, 278 N.W. 2d 106 (1979)...... 1712 Parkinson v. United States, 121 U.S. 281 (1887)...... 1477 Parratt v. Taylor, 451 U.S. 527 (1981)...... 812, 1984–85, 2612 Parsons v. Armor, 28 U.S. (3 Pet.) 413 (1830)...... 1694 Parsons v. Bedford, 28 U.S. (3 Pet.) 433 (1830)...... 1692–94, 1696 Parsons v. United States, 167 U.S. 324 (1897)...... 587 Pasadena City Bd. of Educ. v. Spangler, 427 U.S. 424 (1976)...... 769, 2128, 2131 Passavant v. United States, 148 U.S. 214 (1893)...... 1557 Passenger Cases (Smith v. Turner), 48 U.S. (7 How.) 283 (1849)...... 179, 234, 270, 399, 1834, 2365 Patapsco Guano Co. v. North Carolina, 171 U.S. 345 (1898)...... 445 Pate v. Robinson, 383 U.S. 375 (1966)...... 2041 Patsone v. Pennsylvania, 232 U.S. 138 (1914)...... 2158 Patsy v. Florida Board of Regents, 457 U.S. 496 (1982)...... 811, 896, 1789, 1794, 1809 Patterson v. Colorado, 205 U.S. 454 (1907)...... 1142, 1161 Patterson v. Illinois, 487 U.S. 285 (1988)...... 1681 Patterson v. Kentucky, 97 U.S. 501 (1879)...... 179, 339 Patterson v. McLean Credit Union, 491 U.S. 164 (1989)...... 803 Patterson v. New York, 432 U.S. 197 (1977)...... 1751, 2016, 2037–38 Patton v. Brady, 184 U.S. 608 (1902)...... 395, 1574, 2259 Patton v. Easton, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 476 (1816)...... 2603 Patton v. Mississippi, 332 U.S. 463 (1947)...... 2137–38 Patton v. United States, 281 U.S. 276 (1930)...... 1625–26 Patton v. Yount, 467 U.S. 1025 (1984)...... 907, 1639 Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693 (1976)...... 1943, 1950, 1975–76, 2291 Paul v. United States, 371 U.S. 245 (1963)...... 1033, 2582 TABLE OF CASES 2729

Paul v. Virginia, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 168 (1869)...... 178, 968, 970, 1831, 2205, 2607 Paulsen v. Portland, 149 U.S. 30 (1893)...... 1916, 1918 Pawlet v. Clark, 13 U.S. (9 Cr.) 292 (1815)...... 867 Payne v. Arkansas, 356 U.S. 560 (1958)...... 1531, 1548 Payne v. Kansas, 248 U.S. 112 (1918)...... 2103 Payne v. Tennessee, 501 U.S. 808 (1991)...... 802, 1733, 2511, 2613 Payton v. New York, 445 U.S. 573 (1980)...... 1386–87, 1390, 1414, 2499 Peabody v. Eisner, 247 U.S. 347 (1918)...... 2261 Peabody v. United States, 231 U.S. 530 (1913)...... 838, 1595 Peacock v. Thomas, 516 U.S. 349 (1996)...... 812 Pearson v. Callahan, 555 U.S. 223 (2009)...... 2615 Pearson v. Callahan, 555 U.S. ___, No. 07–751, slip op. (2009)...... 1454, 2615 Pearson v. McGraw, 308 U.S. 313 (1939)...... 1909 Pearson v. Yewdall, 95 U.S. 294 (1877)...... 1693 Pease v. Hansen, 404 U.S. 70 (1971)...... 2207, 2477 Pease v. Peck, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 595 (1856)...... 860 Pease v. Rathbun-Jones Eng. Co., 243 U.S. 273 (1917)...... 1694 Peck & Co. v. Lowe, 247 U.S. 165 (1918)...... 398 Peel v. Illinois Attorney Disciplinary Comm’n, 496 U.S. 91 (1990)...... 1267, 2517 Peete v. Morgan, 86 U.S. (19 Wall.) 581 (1874)...... 447, 2370 Peik v. Chicago & N.W. Ry., 94 U.S. 164 (1877)...... 192, 247, 1859, 2082, 2604 Pell v. Procunier, 417 U.S. 817 (1974)...... 1146, 1254, 1256 Penﬁeld Co. v. SEC, 330 U.S. 585 (1947)...... 706 Penhallow v. Doane, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 53 (1795)...... 345 Penn Central Transp. Co. v. City of New York, 438 U.S. 104 (1978)...... 1598–1605, 1607–10, 1839–40, 1887 Penn Dairies v. Milk Control Comm’n, 318 U.S. 261 (1943)...... 1033 Penn-Central Merger & N & W Inclusion Cases, 389 U.S. 486 (1968)...... 193 Pennekamp v. Florida, 328 U.S. 331 (1946)...... 1162, 1310 Pennell v. City of San Jose, 485 U.S. 1 (1988)...... 1607, 1610 Pennhurst State School & Hosp. v. Halderman, 451 U.S. 1 (1981)..... 170–71, 1019, 1027, 1957 Pennhurst State School & Hosp. v. Halderman, 465 U.S. 89 (1984)...... 812, 1787, 1790, 1796, 1798, 1804–05, 1808, 1957, 2612 Pennie v. Reis, 132 U.S. 464 (1889)...... 1838 Penniman’s Case, 103 U.S. 714 (1881)...... 434 Pennington v. Fourth Nat’l Bank, 243 U.S. 269 (1917)...... 1998, 2000 Pennington v. Gibson, 57 U.S. (16 How.) 65 (1854)...... 962 Pennock v. Dialogue, 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 1 (1829)...... 331 Pennoyer v. McConnaughy, 140 U.S. 1 (1891)...... 1801, 1804, 2380 Pennoyer v. Neff, 95 U.S. 714 (1878)...... 935, 1986, 1999–2000, 2003, 2611 Pennsylvania Bd. of Probation and Parole v. Scott, 524 U.S. 357 (1998)...... 1463 Pennsylvania Bureau of Correction v. United States Marshals Service, 474 U.S. 34 (1985)...... 708 Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon, 260 U.S. 393 (1922)...... 1597, 1599, 1840, 1884–85, 2407 Pennsylvania College Cases, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 190 (1872)...... 423–24 Pennsylvania Dep’t of Public Welfare v. Davenport, 495 U.S. 552 (1990)...... 322 Pennsylvania ex rel. Herman v. Claudy, 350 U.S. 116 (1956)...... 1663–64 Pennsylvania Fire Ins. Co. v. Gold Issue Mining Co. 243 U.S. 93 (1917)...... 953, 1990 Pennsylvania Gas Co. v. Public Serv. Comm’n, 252 U.S. 23 (1920)...... 2605 Pennsylvania Hospital v. City of Philadelphia, 245 U.S. 20 (1917)...... 429, 431 Pennsylvania Power Co. v. FPC, 343 U.S. 414 (1952)...... 196 Pennsylvania Public Utility Comm’n v. CONRAIL, 461 U.S. 912 (1983)...... 2589 Pennsylvania R.R. v. Public Service Comm’n, 250 U.S. 566 (1919)...... 192, 2566 2730 TABLE OF CASES

Pennsylvania R.R. v. Towers, 245 U.S. 6 (1917)...... 2605 Pennsylvania v. Ashe, 302 U.S. 51 (1937)...... 2120 Pennsylvania v. Board of Trustees, 353 U.S. 230 (1957)...... 2072–73 Pennsylvania v. Finley, 481 U.S. 551 (1987)...... 2217 Pennsylvania v. Labron, 518 U.S. 938 (1996)...... 1428 Pennsylvania v. Lynn, 501 F.2d 848 (D.C.Cir. 1974)...... 617 Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106 (1977)...... 767, 1416 Pennsylvania v. Muniz, 496 U.S. 582 (1990)...... 1511 Pennsylvania v. Nelson, 350 U.S. 497 (1956)...... 281, 2577 Pennsylvania v. New Jersey, 426 U.S. 660 (1976)...... 750 Pennsylvania v. New York, 406 U.S. 206 (1972)...... 846 Pennsylvania v. Quicksilver Co., 77 U.S. (10 Wall.) 553 (1871)...... 850 Pennsylvania v. Ritchie, 480 U.S. 39 (1987)...... 1659 Pennsylvania v. Union Gas Co., 491 U.S. 1 (1989)...... 1787, 1790, 1797–98, 2347, 2614 Pennsylvania v. West Virginia, 262 U.S. 553 (1923)...... 196, 260, 750, 846, 2409 Pennsylvania v. Wheeling & Belmont Bridge Co., 54 U.S. (13 How.) 518 (1852).. 186, 239, 451, 767, 851 Pennsylvania v. Wheeling & Belmont Bridge Co., 59 U.S. (18 How.) 421 (1856).. 186, 239, 399, 450 Pennzoil Co. v. Texaco, Inc., 481 U.S. 1 (1987)...... 904 Penry v. Lynaugh, 492 U.S. 302 (1989)...... 773–74, 911, 1730, 1740, 1746–47, 2528, 2614 Pensacola Telegraph Co. v. Western Union Telegraph Co., 96 U.S. 1 (1878)...... 185, 330, 2561 Pension Beneﬁt Guaranty Corp. v. R.A. Gray & Co., 467 U.S. 717 (1984)...... 1576–77 Penson v. Ohio, 488 U.S. 75 (1988)...... 2216 Peonage Cases, 123 F. 671 (M.D. Ala. 1903)...... 1820 People of Puerto Rico v. Russell & Co., 288 U.S. 476 (1933)...... 806, 858 People v. Crane, 214 N.Y. 154, 108 N.E. 427 (1915)...... 2158 People v. Defore, 242 N.Y. 13, 21, 150 N.E. 585, 587 (1926)...... 1461 People’s Band v. Calhoun, 102 U.S. 256 (1880)...... 1789 Peoples Ferry Co. v. Joseph Beers, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 393 (1858)...... 824 Pep Boys v. Pyroil, 299 U.S. 198 (1936)...... 1876 Pepper v. United States, 562 U.S. ___, No. 09–6822, slip op. (2011)...... 1634, 2357 Pereira v. United States, 347 U.S. 1 (1954)...... 1500 Peretz v. United States, 501 U.S. 923 (1991)...... 672, 801 Perez v. Brownell, 356 U.S. 44 (1958)...... 304, 311, 1831–32, 2609 Perez v. Campbell, 402 U.S. 637 (1971)...... 282, 323, 1894, 2583, 2610 Perez v. Ledesma, 401 U.S. 82 (1971)...... 900, 902, 1557 Perez v. United States, 402 U.S. 146 (1971)...... 180–81, 204, 220, 222, 231, 1771 Perkins v. Benguet Consol. Mining Co., 342 U.S. 437 (1952)...... 1993 Perkins v. Elg, 307 U.S. 325 (1939)...... 309–10, 761, 781 Perkins v. Lukens Steel Co., 310 U.S. 113 (1940)...... 754, 841 Perkins v. Matthews, 400 U.S. 379 (1971)...... 690, 2251 Perkins v. Smith, 370 F. Supp. 134 (D.Md. 1974)...... 2159 Perley v. North Carolina, 249 U.S. 510 (1919)...... 1885 Permian Basin Area Rate Cases, 390 U.S. 747 (1968)...... 86, 885, 1868 Permoli v. Municipality No. 1, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 589 (1845)...... 982, 985, 1059 Pernell v. Southall Realty Co., 416 U.S. 363 (1974)...... 680, 1695 Perpich v. Department of Defense, 496 U.S. 434 (1990)...... 372 Perry Educ. Ass’n v. Perry Local Educators’ Ass’n, 460 U.S. 37 (1983)...... 1333–34, 1336–37 Perry v. Brown, 52 Cal. 4th 1116, 265 P.3d 1002 (2011)...... 739 Perry v. Commerce Loan Co., 383 U.S. 392 (1966)...... 319 Perry v. Leeke, 488 U.S. 272 (1989)...... 1669 Perry v. New Hampshire, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–8974, slip op. (2012)...... 2026 TABLE OF CASES 2731

Perry v. Schwarzenegger, 628 F.3d 1191 (2011)...... 739 Perry v. Sindermann, 408 U.S. 593 (1972)...... 1217, 1969, 1971 Perry v. Thomas, 482 U.S. 483 (1987)...... 2592 Perry v. United States, 294 U.S. 330 (1935)...... 176, 325, 1577, 2227, 2325 Personnel Administrator v. Feeney, 442 U.S. 256 (1979)...... 2090, 2097, 2099, 2131 Pervear v. Massachusetts, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 475 (1867)...... 444, 1059 Peters v. Hobby, 349 U.S. 331 (1955)...... 360, 1204, 1558 Peters v. Kiff, 407 U.S. 493 (1972)...... 1638, 2137 Petersen Baking Co. v. Bryan, 290 U.S. 570 (1934)...... 1877 Petersen v. Clark, 285 F. Supp. 700 (N.D. Calif. 1968)...... 688 Peterson v. City of Greenville, 373 U.S. 244 (1963)...... 2066, 2068, 2070, 2144, 2460 Petit v. Minnesota, 177 U.S. 164 (1900)...... 2115 Petite v. United States, 361 U.S. 529 (1960)...... 1482 Pettibone v. Nichols, 203 U.S. 192 (1906)...... 979–80 Petty v. Tennessee-Missouri Bridge Comm’n, 359 U.S. 275 (1959)...... 451, 1794–95 Peugh v. United States, 569 U.S. ___, No. 12–62, slip op. (2013)...... 408 Peyroux v. Howard, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 324 (1833)...... 828 Peyton v. Rowe, 391 U.S. 54 (1968)...... 713, 2609 Phalen v. Virginia, 49 U.S. (8 How.) 163 (1850)...... 437 Pharmaceutical Research and Mfrs. of America v. Walsh, 538 U.S. 644 (2003)...... 261 Phelps Dodge Corp. v. NLRB, 313 U.S. 177 (1941)...... 1580 Phelps v. Board of Education, 300 U.S. 319 (1937)...... 416 Phelps v. United States, 274 U.S. 341 (1927)...... 1589 Philadelphia & Reading Ry. v. McKibbin, 243 U.S. 264 (1917)...... 1990 Philadelphia Co. v. Stimson, 223 U.S. 605 (1912)...... 642, 842 Philadelphia Fire Ass’n v. New York, 119 U.S. 110 (1886)...... 2083, 2102, 2105 Philadelphia Newspapers v. Hepps, 475 U.S. 767 (1986)...... 1302–03, 2510 Philadelphia Newspapers v. Jerome, 434 U.S. 241 (1978)...... 1150 Philadelphia Steamship Co. v. Pennsylvania, 122 U.S. 326 (1887)...... 244, 447, 2377, 2604 Philadelphia, W. & B. R.R. v. Philadelphia & Havre De Grace Steam Towboat Co., 64 U.S. (23 How.) 209 (1859)...... 825 Philco Aviation v. Shacket, 462 U.S. 406 (1983)...... 288, 2589 Philip Morris USA v. Williams, 549 U.S. 346 (2007)...... 2010 Phillips Chemical Co. v. Dumas School Dist., 361 U.S. 376 (1960)...... 1039, 2455 Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Jenkins, 297 U.S. 629 (1936)...... 423 Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Mississippi, 484 U.S. 469 (1988)...... 986 Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Oklahoma, 340 U.S. 190 (1950)...... 1883 Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Shutts, 472 U.S. 797 (1985)...... 2005 Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Texaco, Inc., 415 U.S. 125 (1974)...... 806 Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Wisconsin, 347 U.S. 672 (1954)...... 196 Phillips v. Commissioner, 283 U.S. 589 (1931)...... 162, 1557, 1985 Phillips v. Dime Trust & S.D. Co., 284 U.S. 160 (1931)...... 396 Phillips v. Martin-Marietta Corp., 400 U.S. 542 (1971)...... 2165, 2176 Phillips v. Payne, 92 U.S. 130 (1875)...... 373 Phillips v. Washington Legal Foundation, 524 U.S. 156 (1998)...... 1587 Philpott v. Welfare Board, 409 U.S. 413 (1973)...... 2584 Phipps v. Cleveland Refg. Co., 261 U.S. 449 (1923)...... 2407 Phoenix F. & M. Ins. Co. v. Tennessee, 161 U.S. 174 (1896)...... 427 Picard v. Connor, 404 U.S. 270 (1972)...... 816 Picard v. East Tennessee, V. & G. R.R., 130 U.S. 637 (1889)...... 427 Piccirillo v. New York, 400 U.S. 548 (1971)...... 1518, 1520 Pickard v. Pullman Southern Car Co., 117 U.S. 34 (1886)...... 192, 2376 Pickelsimer v. Wainwright, 375 U.S. 2 (1963)...... 1665 2732 TABLE OF CASES

Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968)...... 885, 1167 Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968)Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968)Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968)...... 1167 Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968)Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968)...... 1167, 1217–23 Pickett v. Brown, 462 U.S. 1 (1983)...... 2180, 2506 Pierce County v. Guillen, 537 U.S. 129 (2003)...... 220 Pierce Oil Corp. v. Hope, 248 U.S. 498 (1919)...... 1893 Pierce Oil Corp. v. Hopkins, 264 U.S. 137 (1924)...... 1918 Pierce Oil Corp. v. Phoenix Ref. Co., 259 U.S. 125 (1922)...... 1869 Pierce v. Carskadon, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 234 (1873)...... 404, 407, 2370 Pierce v. Creecy, 210 U.S. 387 (1908)...... 979 Pierce v. New Hampshire, 46 U.S. (5 How.) 504 (1847)...... 2604 Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S. 510 (1925)...... 747, 1224, 1838, 1923–24, 1951, 2412 Pierce v. United States, 160 U.S. 335 (1896)...... 1526 Pierce v. United States, 252 U.S. 239 (1920)...... 1142, 1157 Pierre v. Louisiana, 306 U.S. 354 (1939)...... 2018, 2137–38 Pierson v. Ray, 386 U.S. 547 (1967)...... 693, 1454 Pike v. Bruce Church, 397 U.S. 137 (1970)...... 250, 259–60, 263, 266 Pillsbury Co. v. Conboy, 459 U.S. 248 (1983)...... 1520 Pink v. A.A.A. Highway Express, 314 U.S. 201 (1941)...... 959 Pinkerton v. United States, 328 U.S. 640 (1946)...... 1500 Pinkus v. United States, 436 U.S. 293 (1978)...... 1313–14 Pinney v. Butterworth, 378 U.S. 564 (1964)...... 2464 Pipe Line Cases, 234 U.S. 548 (1914)...... 196 Pipeﬁtters v. United States, 407 U.S. 385 (1972)...... 1239 Piqua Branch Bank v. Knoop, 57 U.S. (16 How.) 369 (1853)...... 2362 Pitney v. Washington, 240 U.S. 387 (1916)...... 1877 Pittman v. Home Owners’ Corp., 308 U.S. 21 (1939)...... 382, 1042 Pittsburg & Southern Coal Co. v. Bates, 156 U.S. 577 (1895)...... 184 Pittsburgh C.C. & St. L. Ry. v. Backus, 154 U.S. 421 (1894)...... 1903, 1916 Pittsburgh C.C. & St. L. Ry. v. Board of Pub. Works, 172 U.S. 32 (1898)...... 1916 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. v. United States, 360 U.S. 395 (1959)...... 1475 Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Commission on Human Relations, 413 U.S. 376 (1973)...... 1151, 1265, 1269 Pizitz Co. v. Yeldell, 274 U.S. 112 (1927)...... 2009 Plamals v. Pinar Del Rio, 277 U.S. 151 (1928)...... 2607 Plankington Packing Co. v. WERB, 338 U.S. 953 (1950)...... 2574 Planned Parenthood Ass’n v. Ashcroft, 462 U.S. 476 (1983)...... 1931–32, 2506 Planned Parenthood of S.E. Pennsylvania v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992)...... 2519, 2613 Planned Parenthood v. American Coalition of Life Activists, 290 F.3d 1058 (9th Cir. 2002)...... 1293 Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992)... 802–03, 1925, 1935–40, 1954, 1959, 2519, 2526, 2613 Planned Parenthood v. Danforth, 428 U.S. 52 (1976)...... 746, 765, 1930–31, 1954, 2491 Plante v. Gonzalez, 575 F.2d 1119 (5th Cir. 1978)...... 1945 Planters’ Bank v. Sharp, 47 U.S. (6 How.) 301 (1848)...... 2365 Plaquemines Tropical Fruit Co. v. Henderson, 170 U.S. 511 (1898)...... 871, 878 Plaut v. Spendthrift Farm, Inc., 514 U.S. 211 (1995)...... 687, 689, 883, 2349–50 Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc. v. U.S., 30 F. Supp. 2d 702 (D. Del. 1998)...... 1174 Pleasant Grove City, Utah v. Summum, 555 U.S. 460 (2009)...... 1118, 1263–64, 1336 Pleasants v. Fant, 89 U.S. (22 Wall.) 116 (1875)...... 1701 TABLE OF CASES 2733

Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896)...... 1817, 2122–23, 2142, 2608 PLIVA Inc. v. Mensing, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–993 (2011)...... 2598 Pliva, Inc. v. Mensing, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–993, slip op. (2011)...... 274, 285–86 Plumhoff v. Rickard, 572 U.S. ___, No. 12–1117, slip op.. (2014)...... 1390 Plummer v. Coler, 178 U.S. 115 (1900)...... 1035 Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982)...... 2083, 2092, 2095, 2157, 2162–63, 2223, 2504 Plymouth Coal Co. v. Pennsylvania, 232 U.S. 531 (1914)...... 1853 Poafpybitty v. Skelly Oil Co., 390 U.S. 365 (1968)...... 817 Pocket Veto Case, 279 U.S. 655 (1929)...... 782 Poe v. Seaborn, 282 U.S. 101 (1930)...... 162 Poe v. Ullman, 367 U.S. 497 (1961)...... 761, 764, 1566, 1924–25 Poelker v. Doe, 432 U.S. 519 (1977)...... 1933 Pointer v. Texas, 380 U.S. 400 (1965)...... 1061–62, 1065, 1648–49, 2609 Pointer v. United States, 151 U.S. 396 (1894)...... 1643 Polar Ice Cream & Creamery Co. v. Andrews, 375 U.S. 361 (1964)...... 249, 2461 Polar Tankers, Inc. v. City of Valdez, Alaska, 557 U.S. ___, No. 08–310 (2009)...... 446, 2557 Police Dep’t of Chicago v. Mosley, 408 U.S. 92 (1972)...... 1212, 1285, 1333–34, 2551 Polites v. United States, 364 U.S. 426 (1960)...... 306 Polk County v. Dodson, 454 U.S. 512 (1981)...... 2078–79 Polk v. Mutual Reserve Fund, 207 U.S. 310 (1907)...... 1881 Pollard v. Hagan, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 212 (1845)...... 189, 981–84, 986 Pollard v. United States, 352 U.S. 354 (1957)...... 767, 1497, 1619–20 Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co., 157 U.S. 429 (1895)...... 158–59, 393–96, 729, 803, 2259–61, 2317, 2605, 2613 Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co., 158 U.S. 601 (1895)...... 801, 2259, 2317, 2605 Pollock v. Williams, 322 U.S. 4 (1944)...... 1821, 2440, 2573 Ponte v. Real, 471 U.S. 491 (1985)...... 2055 Poole v. Fleeger, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 185 (1837)...... 447, 450 Pope & Talbot v. Hawn, 346 U.S. 406 (1953)...... 831, 833, 866 Pope v. Blue, 809 F. Supp. 392 (W.D.N.C. 1992)...... 114 Pope v. Illinois, 481 U.S. 497 (1987)...... 1317, 1319 Pope v. United States, 323 U.S. 1 (1944)...... 174, 384, 673 Pope v. Williams, 193 U.S. 621 (1904)...... 803, 1835, 2610 Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corp. v. Feeney 495 U.S. 299, 309 (1990)...... 1787, 1794 Porter v. Aetna Casualty Co., 370 U.S. 159 (1962)...... 354 Porter v. Lee, 328 U.S. 246 (1946)...... 768 Porter v. McCollum, 558 U.S. ___, No. 08–10537 (2009)...... 1673–74 Porter v. Nussle, 534 U.S. 516 (2002)...... 1759 Porterﬁeld v. Webb, 263 U.S. 225 (1923)...... 2158 Portland Ry. v. Oregon R.R. Comm’n, 229 U.S. 397 (1913)...... 437 Portsmouth Harbor Land & Hotel Co. v. United States, 250 U.S. 1 (1919)...... 1595 Portsmouth Harbor Land & Hotel Co. v. United States, 260 U.S. 327 (1922)...... 1595 Portuondo v. Agard, 529 U.S. 61 (2000)...... 1649 Posadas de Puerto Rico Associates v. Tourism Co. of Puerto Rico, 478 U.S. 328 (1986)...... 990–91, 1270, 1272–73, 2292 Postal Telegraph Cable Co. v. Adams, 155 U.S. 688 (1895)...... 245 Postal Telegraph Cable Co. v. Newport, 247 U.S. 464 (1918)...... 1979 Postal Telegraph-Cable Co. v. Borough of Taylor, 192 U.S. 64 (1904)...... 2536 Postal Telegraph-Cable Co. v. Warren-Godwin Co., 251 U.S. 27 (1919)...... 2566 Postum Cereal Co. v. California Fig Nut Co., 272 U.S. 693 (1927)...... 673, 691 Potter v. United States, 155 U.S. 438 (1894)...... 1647 Potts v. Creager, 155 U.S. 597 (1895)...... 334 Poulos v. New Hampshire, 345 U.S. 395 (1953)...... 1127, 1150, 1335 2734 TABLE OF CASES

Powe v. Miles, 407 F.2d. 73 (2d Cir. 1968)...... 2075 Powell v. Alabama, 287 U.S. 45 (1932).. 1062–63, 1065, 1556, 1661, 1663–64, 1668, 1678, 1684 Powell v. McCormack, 395 F.2d 577 (D.C. Cir. 1968)...... 785–86 Powell v. McCormack, 395 U.S. 486 (1969)...... 117–19, 136, 139–40, 143–44, 761, 783–85, 787, 797, 1013–14 Powell v. Pennsylvania, 127 U.S. 678 (1888)...... 1846, 1891 Powell v. Texas, 392 U.S. 514 (1968)...... 729, 815, 1751 Powell’s Lessee v. Harmon, 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 241 (1829)...... 2603 Power Authority of New York v. FPC, 247 F.2d 538 (2d Cir. 1957)...... 536 Power Mfg. Co. v. Saunders, 274 U.S. 490 (1927)...... 2417 Powers v. Detroit & Grand Haven Ry., 201 U.S. 543 (1906)...... 2386 Powers v. Ohio, 499 U.S. 400 (1991)...... 747, 1644, 2137 Powers v. United States, 223 U.S. 303 (1912)...... 1527 PPL Montana, LLC v. Montana, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–218, slip op. (2012)...... 983, 986 Prado Navarette v. California, 572 U.S. ___, No. 12–9490, slip op. (2014)...... 1417 Preiser v. Newkirk, 422 U.S. 395 (1975)...... 767 Preiser v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 475 (1973)...... 713, 2053 Premo v. Moore, 562 U.S. ___, No. 09–658, slip op. (2011)...... 916, 1673–74 Prentis v. Atlantic Coast Line Co., 211 U.S. 210 (1908)...... 895, 897, 1869 Presbyterian Church v. Hull Memorial Presbyterian Church, 393 U.S. 440 (1969)...... 1079 Preseault v. ICC, 494 U.S. 1 (1990)...... 222 Presley v. Etowah Cty Comm’n, 502 U.S. 491 (1992)...... 2255 Presley v. Georgia, 558 U.S. ___, No. 09–5270, slip op. (2010)...... 1622 Press-Enterprise Co. v. Superior Court, 464 U.S. 501 (1984)...... 1253, 1622 Press-Enterprise Co. v. Superior Court, 478 U.S. 1 (1986)...... 1251, 1253, 1623 Presser v. Illinois, 116 U.S. 252 (1886)...... 447, 1060, 1367, 1835, 2615 Pressler v. Blumenthal, 434 U.S. 1028 (1978)...... 750 Pressler v. Simon, 428 F. Supp. 302 (D.D.C. 1976)...... 138 Preston v. United States, 376 U.S. 364 (1964)...... 1381, 1404, 1428 Price v. Georgia, 398 U.S. 323 (1970)...... 1496, 2610 Price v. Illinois, 238 U.S. 446 (1915)...... 1892, 2112 Price v. Johnston, 334 U.S. 266 (1948)...... 709, 908, 2052 Price v. Pennsylvania R.R., 113 U.S. 218 (1895)...... 330 Prigg v. Pennsylvania, 41 U.S. (16 Pet.) 539 (1842).. 74, 90, 535, 890, 977–78, 980, 1047, 2364, 2559 Prince v. Massachusetts, 321 U.S. 158 (1944)...... 1120, 1123, 1127, 1924 Princess Lida v. Thompson, 305 U.S. 456 (1939)...... 893 Princeton University v. Schmidt, 455 U.S. 100 (1982)...... 768 Principality of Monaco v. Mississippi, 292 U.S. 313 (1934)...... 867, 1787, 1789 Printz v. United States, 521 U.S. 898 (1997)...... 183, 1022, 1030–31, 1369, 1777, 1793, 2352 Prize Cases, 67 U.S. (2 Bl.) 635 (1863)...... 348, 488, 506 Process Gas Consumers Group v. Consumer Energy Council, 463 U.S. 1216 (1983)... 154, 2343 Procter & Gamble v. United States, 225 U.S. 282 (1912)...... 2606 Procunier v. Martinez, 416 U.S. 396 (1974)...... 1254–55, 2052–53, 2613 Proffitt v. Florida, 428 U.S. 242 (1976)...... 408, 1722, 1725–26 Providence & N.Y. S.S. Co. v. Hill Mfg. Co., 109 U.S. 578 (1883)...... 189, 822 Providence Bank v. Billings, 29 U.S. (4 Pet.) 514 (1830)...... 422, 424 Provident Inst. v. Massachusetts, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 611 (1868)...... 1036 Provident Savings Ass’n v. Kentucky, 239 U.S. 103 (1915)...... 1913, 2398 Provident Savings Inst. v. Malone, 221 U.S. 660 (1911)...... 1878 Provo Bench Canal Co. v. Tanner, 239 U.S. 323 (1915)...... 1594 Prudential Ins. Co. v. Benjamin, 328 U.S. 408 (1946)...... 186, 240 Prudential Ins. Co. v. Cheek, 259 U.S. 530 (1922)...... 1856, 2116 TABLE OF CASES 2735

PruneYard Shopping Center v. Robins, 447 U.S. 74 (1980)...... 1177, 1342, 1600, 1603, 1609 Public Affairs Associates v. Rickover, 369 U.S. 111 (1962)...... 761 Public Citizen v. Department of Justice, 491 U.S. 440 (1989)...... 69, 801 Public Citizen v. U.S. Department of Justice, 491 U.S. 440 (1989)...... 568, 586, 801 Public Clearing House v. Coyne, 194 U.S. 497 (1904)...... 328, 1556 Public Service Comm’n v. Wycoff Co., 344 U.S. 237 (1952)...... 726, 761, 764 Public Util. Comm’n v. United States, 355 U.S. 534 (1958)...... 2578 Public Utilities Comm’n v. Attleboro Co., 273 U.S. 83 (1927)...... 196 Public Utility Comm’rs v. Ynchausti & Co., 251 U.S. 401 (1920)...... 1553 Puerto Rico Dept. of Consumer Affairs v. Isla Petroleum Corp., 485 U.S. 495 (1988)...... 284 Puerto Rico v. Branstad, 483 U.S. 219 (1987)...... 90, 977–78, 1049, 2613 Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle, 579 U.S. ___, No. 15–108, slip op. (2016)...... 1483 Pugach v. Dollinger, 365 U.S. 458 (1961)...... 900 Puget Sound Co. v. Seattle, 291 U.S. 619 (1934)...... 1899, 2103–04 Puget Sound Stevedoring Co. v. State Tax Comm’n, 302 U.S. 90 (1937)...... 2435, 2611 Puget Sound Traction Co. v. Reynolds, 244 U.S. 574 (1917)...... 428 Pugh v. Locke, 406 F. Supp. 318 (M.D. Ala. 1976)...... 1759 Pulley v. Harris, 465 U.S. 37 (1984)...... 714, 1725 Pulliam v. Allen, 466 U.S. 522 (1984)...... 693–94 Pullman Co. v. Kansas, 216 U.S. 56 (1910)...... 1911 Pullman Co. v. Knott, 235 U.S. 23 (1914)...... 1921 Pullman’s Palace Car Co. v. Pennsylvania, 141 U.S. 18 (1891)...... 254 Pumpelly v. Green Bay Co., 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 166 (1872)...... 1595, 1603 Purcell v. Gonzalez, 549 U.S. 1 (2006)...... 2183 Purity Extract Co. v. Lynch, 226 U.S. 192 (1912)...... 1892 Putnam Pit, Inc. v. City of Cookeville, 221 F.3d 834 (6th Cir. 2000)...... 1339 Puyallup Tribe v. Washington Game Dep’t, 433 U.S. 165 (1977)...... 297 Pyle v. Kansas, 317 U.S. 213 (1942)...... 2031 Q Quackenbush v. Allstate Ins. Co., 517 U.S. 706 (1996)...... 894 Quackenbush v. United States, 177 U.S. 20 (1900)...... 587 Quaker City Cab Co. v. Pennsylvania, 277 U.S. 389 (1928)...... 2104, 2420, 2610 Quality King Distrib., Inc. v. L’Anza Research Int’l, Inc., 523 U.S. 135 (1998)...... 332 Quebec Steamship Co. v. Merchant, 133 U.S. 375 (1890)...... 829 Queen v. Oxford, 173 Eng. Rep. 941, 950 (1840)...... 2042 Queenside Hills Co. v. Saxl, 328 U.S. 80 (1946)...... 1893, 2113 Quercia v. United States, 289 U.S. 466 (1933)...... 1625 Quern v. Hernandez, 440 U.S. 951 (1979)...... 2497 Quern v. Jordan, 440 U.S. 332 (1979)...... 1792, 1796, 1804, 1806 Quick Bear v. Leupp, 210 U.S. 50 (1908)...... 1081 Quicksal v. Michigan, 339 U.S. 660 (1950)...... 1664 Quilici v. Village of Morton Grove, 695 F.2d 261 (7th Cir. 1982)...... 1367 Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992)...... 237, 250–52, 1900–01, 2518, 2613 Quilloin v. Walcott, 434 U.S. 246 (1978)...... 1953–54, 2211 Quinn v. Millsap, 491 U.S. 95 (1989)...... 2185, 2187, 2515 Quinn v. United States, 349 U.S. 155 (1955)...... 107, 1507, 1510 Quon Quon Poy v. Johnson, 273 U.S. 352 (1927)...... 1552, 1561 Quong Wing v. Kirkendall, 223 U.S. 59 (1912)...... 2103–04, 2164 R R. A. V. v. City of St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992)...... 2555 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. v. Durham County, 479 U.S. 130 (1986)...... 445 R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992)..... 1172, 1288, 1292, 1295–96, 1317, 1334, 2555 2736 TABLE OF CASES

Rabe v. Washington, 405 U.S. 313 (1972)...... 1648, 2017 Rabeck v. New York, 391 U.S. 462 (1968)...... 1313, 2471 Rabinovitch v. Nyquist, 433 U.S. 901 (1977)...... 1797 Radice v. New York, 264 U.S. 292 (1924)...... 2164 Radich v. New York, 401 U.S. 531 (1971)...... 1358 Radio & Television Technicians v. Broadcast Service of Mobile, 380 U.S. 255 (1965)...... 292 Radio Station WOW v. Johnson, 326 U.S. 120 (1945)...... 816 Radovich v. National Football League, 352 U.S. 445 (1957)...... 178 Rafferty v. McKay, 400 U.S. 954 (1970)...... 2475 Ragan v. Merchants Transfer & Warehouse Co., 337 U.S. 530 (1949)...... 864 Rail Coal Co. v. Ohio Industrial Comm’n, 236 U.S. 338 (1915)...... 1852 Railroad Co. v. Fuller, 84 U.S. (17 Wall.) 560 (1873)...... 185 Railroad Co. v. Grant, 98 U.S. 398 (1878)...... 875 Railroad Co. v. Hamersley, 104 U.S. 1 (1881)...... 425 Railroad Co. v. Hecht, 95 U.S. 168 (1877)...... 435 Railroad Co. v. Husen, 95 U.S. 465 (1878)...... 2372 Railroad Co. v. Jackson, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 262 (1869)...... 1902 Railroad Co. v. Richmond, 96 U.S. 521 (1878)...... 1873, 2114 Railroad Commission Cases, 116 U.S. 307 (1886)...... 1862 Railroad Comm’n Cases (Stone v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co.), 116 U.S. 307 (1886)...... 428 Railroad Comm’n v. Eastern Tex. R.R., 264 U.S. 79 (1924)...... 1871 Railroad Comm’n v. Humble Oil & Ref. Co., 311 U.S. 578 (1941)...... 1884 Railroad Comm’n v. Paciﬁc Gas Co., 301 U.S. 669 (1937)...... 2605 Railroad Comm’n v. Paciﬁc Gas Co., 302 U.S. 388 (1938)...... 1866, 2605 Railroad Comm’n v. Pullman Co., 312 U.S. 496 (1941)...... 894 Railroad Comm’n v. Rowan & Nichols Oil Co., 310 U.S. 573 (1940)...... 1883, 1960 Railroad Comm’n v. Rowan & Nichols Oil Co., 311 U.S. 570 (1941)...... 1883, 1960 Railroad Labor Executives Ass’n v. Gibbons, 455 U.S. 457 (1982)...... 2343 Railroad Retirement Bd. v. Alton R.R., 295 U.S. 330 (1935)...... 205–06, 1572, 2326 Railroad Retirement Bd. v. Kalina, 431 U.S. 909 (1977)...... 2332 Railroad Retirement Board v. Duquesne Warehouse Co., 326 U.S. 446 (1946)...... 206 Railroad Trainmen v. Howard, 343 U.S. 768 (1952)...... 1567 Railway Company v. Whitton, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 270 (1872)...... 383 Railway Employes’ Dep’t v. Hanson, 351 U.S. 225 (1956)...... 291, 1192–93, 1195, 1247, 1569, 2577 Railway Express Agency v. New York, 336 U.S. 106 (1949)...... 1894, 2087, 2112 Railway Express Agency v. Virginia, 347 U.S. 359 (1954)...... 246, 2450 Railway Express Agency v. Virginia, 358 U.S. 434 (1959)...... 246 Railway Mail Ass’n v. Corsi, 326 U.S. 88 (1945)...... 330, 1184, 1857 Raines v. Byrd, 521 U.S. 811 (1997)...... 750, 752–53 Rainey v. United States, 232 U.S. 310 (1914)...... 149, 781 Rakas v. Illinois, 439 U.S. 128 (1978)...... 1385–86, 1431, 1461–62, 1469–70 Rakes v. United States, 212 U.S. 55 (1909)...... 380 Raley v. Ohio, 360 U.S. 423 (1959)...... 817 Ralls County Court v. United States, 105 U.S. 733 (1881)...... 2374 Ramah Navajo School Bd. v. Bureau of Revenue, 458 U.S. 832 (1982)...... 297–98, 2588 Ramdass v. Angelone, 530 U.S. 156 (2000)...... 2048 Ramos v. Lamm, 639 F.2d 559 (10th Cir. 1981)...... 1759 Randall v. Baltimore & Ohio R.R., 109 U.S. 478 (1883)...... 1701 Randall v. Brigham, 74 U.S. 523 (1869)...... 692 Randall v. Sorrell, 548 U.S. 230 (2006)...... 1245, 2530 Raney v. Gould Bd. of Educ., 391 U.S. 443 (1968)...... 2126 Rankin v. McPherson, 483 U.S. 378 (1987)...... 1220 TABLE OF CASES 2737

Rapid Transit Corp. v. New York, 303 U.S. 573 (1938)...... 427 Rassmussen v. United States, 197 U.S. 516 (1905)...... 1615, 1626, 2318, 2610 Rast v. Van Deman & Lewis, 240 U.S. 342 (1916)...... 1877 Rasul v. Bush, 542 U.S. 466 (2004)...... 512–13, 709, 711, 713 Rathbun v. United States, 355 U.S. 107 (1957)...... 1447 Ratterman v. Western Union Tel. Co., 127 U.S. 411 (1888)...... 2378 Rawlings v. Kentucky, 448 U.S. 98 (1980)...... 1386, 1462, 1470 Ray v. Atlantic Richﬁeld Co., 435 U.S. 151 (1978)...... 283, 1803–04, 2586 Ray v. Blair, 343 U.S. 154 (1952)...... 477, 480–81 Raygor v. Regents of the University of Minnesota, 534 U.S. 533 (2002)...... 1800 Raymond Motor Transp., Inc. v. Rice, 434 U.S. 429 (1978)...... 266 Raymond v. Chicago Traction Co., 207 U.S. 20 (1907)...... 2109 Rea v. United States, 350 U.S. 214 (1956)...... 720, 901, 1457 Reading Co. v. Brown, 391 U.S. 471 (1968)...... 320 Reading R.R. v. Pennsylvania, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 232 (1873)...... 235, 243–44 Reagan v. Abourezk, 484 U.S. 1 (1987)...... 313 Reagan v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co., 154 U.S. 362 (1894)...... 1801, 1862–64 Reagan v. Mercantile Trust Co., 154 U.S. 413 (1894)...... 1032 Real Silk Mills v. City of Portland, 268 U.S. 325 (1925)...... 2541 Rearick v. Pennsylvania, 203 U.S. 507 (1906)...... 2537 Reck v. Pate, 367 U.S. 433 (1961)...... 1531 Reckendorfer v. Faber, 92 U.S. 347 (1876)...... 333–34 Rector of Christ Church v. County of Philadelphia, 65 U.S. (24 How.) 300 (1861)...... 418 Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC, 395 U.S. 367 (1969)...... 85, 1279, 1281 Red River Valley Bank v. Craig, 181 U.S. 548 (1901)...... 435 Redrup v. New York, 386 U.S. 767 (1967)...... 1315 Reece v. Georgia, 350 U.S. 85 (1955)...... 2137 Reed v. Campbell, 476 U.S. 852 (1986)...... 2178 Reed v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71 (1971)...... 2088–89, 2091, 2165, 2477 Reed v. Ross, 468 U.S. 1 (1984)...... 914 Reed v. Town of Gilbert, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–502, slip op. (2015)...... 1287, 2558 Rees v. City of Watertown, 86 U.S. (19 Wall.) 107 (1874)...... 436, 1987 Reeside v. Walker, 52 U.S. (11 How.) 272 (1851)...... 401 Reetz v. Bozanich, 397 U.S. 82 (1970)...... 894 Reetz v. Michigan, 188 U.S. 505 (1903)...... 406, 1881, 2049 Reeves, Inc. v. Stake, 447 U.S. 429 (1980)...... 238 Regan v. Taxation With Representation, 461 U.S. 540 (1983)...... 1258–59 Regan v. Time, Inc., 468 U.S. 641 (1984)...... 1285, 2335 Regents of the Univ. of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978)...... 744, 2090, 2147–48, 2152–53, 2156, 2173 Regents of the University of California v. Doe, 519 U.S. 425 (1997)...... 1793 Regents of the University of Michigan v. Ewing, 474 U.S. 214 (1985)...... 1972 Regional Rail Reorganization Act Cases, 419 U.S. 102 (1974).... 669, 691, 763, 765, 1578, 1587 Reich v. Collins, 513 U.S. 106 (1994)...... 1921 Reichart v. Felps, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 160 (1868)...... 532, 2311 Reichelderfer v. Quinn, 287 U.S. 315 (1932)...... 1589 Reid v. Colorado, 187 U.S. 137 (1902)...... 181 Reid v. Covert, 351 U.S. 487 (1956).... 358, 364, 464, 535, 537, 539, 553, 990, 1616, 2330, 2608 Reid v. Covert, 354 U.S. 1 (1957)...... 464, 990, 1616, 2330, 2608 Reid v. Georgia, 448 U.S. 438 (1980)...... 1390–91, 1417 Reina v. United States, 364 U.S. 507 (1960)...... 701, 1020, 1510 Reinecke v. Smith, 289 U.S. 172 (1933)...... 1573–74 Reinman v. City of Little Rock, 237 U.S. 171 (1915)...... 1887 2738 TABLE OF CASES

Reitman v. Mulkey, 387 U.S. 369 (1967)...... 1889, 2072–73, 2142, 2469 Reitz v. Mealey, 314 U.S. 33 (1941)...... 323, 1894, 2610 Relford v. Commandant, 401 U.S. 355 (1971)...... 355, 1479 Remmer v. United States, 347 U.S. 227 (1954)...... 2028 Remmer v. United States, 350 U.S. 377 (1956)...... 1639–40 Renaud v. Abbot, 116 U.S. 277 (1886)...... 935 Rendell-Baker v. Kohn, 457 U.S. 830 (1982)...... 2066, 2077, 2079 Renico v. Lett, 559 U.S. ___, No. 09–338, slip op. (2010)...... 916, 1486 Renne v. Geary, 501 U.S. 312 (1991)...... 763–64 Rennie v. Klein, 653 F.2d 836 (3d Cir. 1981)...... 1957 Reno v. ACLU, 521 U.S. 844 (1997)...... 1324, 2352 Reno v. ACLU, 521 U.S. 844, 884–85 n.49 (1997)...... 802 Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, 521 U.S. 844 (1997)...... 1171–72, 1324–25, 1339 Reno v. American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Comm., 525 U.S. 471 (1999)...... 318 Reno v. Catholic Social Services, Inc., 509 U.S. 43 (1993)...... 744, 764 Reno v. Condon, 528 U.S. 141 (2000)...... 224, 1031, 1773, 1777 Reno v. Flores, 507 U.S. 292 (1993)...... 317 Republic Natural Gas Co. v. Oklahoma, 334 U.S. 62 (1948)...... 816 Republic Pictures Corp. v. Kappler, 327 U.S. 757 (1946)...... 2442 Republican Party of Minnesota v. White, 536 U.S. 765 (2002)...... 1230 Rescue Army v. Municipal Court, 331 U.S. 549 (1947)...... 725, 761, 777, 798–99 Reserve Life Ins. Co. v. Bowers, 380 U.S. 258 (1965)...... 2465 Retail Clerks Int’l Ass’n v. Schermerhorn, 375 U.S. 96 (1963)...... 291 Reuss v. Balles, 584 F.2d 461 (D.C. Cir. 1978)...... 751 Rewis v. United States, 401 U.S. 808 (1971)...... 220 Reynolds v. Cochran, 365 U.S. 525 (1961)...... 1666 Reynolds v. Crawfordsville Bank, 112 U.S. 405 (1884)...... 1699 Reynolds v. Sims, 377 U.S. 533 (1964)...... 112, 782, 2093, 2181–83, 2192–94, 2198, 2204, 2463 Reynolds v. Smith, 394 U.S. 618 (1969)...... 2473 Reynolds v. Stockton, 140 U.S. 254 (1891)...... 935, 957 Reynolds v. United States, 98 U.S. (8 Otto) 145 (1879)...... 1074, 1077, 1120, 1123–24, 1615 Reynolds v. United States, 98 U.S. 145 (1879)...... 991, 1615, 1643, 1648 Reynoldsville Casket Co. v. Hyde, 514 U.S. 749 (1995)...... 777 Rhode Island Trust Co. v. Doughton, 270 U.S. 69 (1926)...... 1908, 2413 Rhode Island v. Innis, 446 U.S. 291 (1980)...... 1536, 1540–41, 1680 Rhode Island v. Massachusetts, 37 U.S. (12 Pet.) 657 (1838)...... 383, 450, 844, 846, 871, 877 Rhodes v. Chapman, 452 U.S. 337 (1981)...... 1735, 1757, 1759, 2052 Rhodes v. Iowa, 170 U.S. 412 (1898)...... 239 Ribnik v. McBride, 277 U.S. 350 (1928)...... 1860–61, 2419, 2606 Ricaud v. American Metal Co., 246 U.S. 304 (1918)...... 610 Rice v. Cayetano, 528 U.S. 495 (2000)...... 2244–45, 2525 Rice v. Collins, 546 U.S. 333 (2006)...... 2139 Rice v. Elmore, 165 F.2d 387 (4th Cir. 1947)...... 2246 Rice v. Olson, 324 U.S. 786 (1945)...... 1664 Rice v. Rehner, 463 U.S. 713 (1983)...... 298 Rice v. Rice, 336 U.S. 674 (1949)...... 943 Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp., 331 U.S. 218 (1947)...... 273–74, 281–82, 2574 Rice v. Sioux City Memorial Park Cemetery, 245 Iowa 147, 60 N.W. 2d 110 (1953)...... 2071 Richards v. Jefferson County, 517 U.S. 793 (1996)...... 1961 Richards v. Washington Terminal Co., 233 U.S. 546 (1914)...... 1595 Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385 (1997)...... 1411 Richardson v. Belcher, 404 U.S. 78 (1971)...... 1203, 1568, 1970, 2014, 2118 Richardson v. Davis, 409 U.S. 1069 (1972)...... 2180, 2338 TABLE OF CASES 2739

Richardson v. Griffin, 409 U.S. 1069 (1972)...... 2180 Richardson v. Marsh, 481 U.S. 200 (1987)...... 1650 Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389 (1971)...... 1558, 1966 Richardson v. Ramirez, 418 U.S. 24 (1974)...... 735, 2181, 2225 Richardson v. Wright, 405 U.S. 208 (1972)...... 767 Richﬁeld Oil Corp. v. State Bd. of Equalization, 329 U.S. 69 (1946)...... 443, 2442 Richmond Newspapers v. Virginia, 448 U.S. 555 (1980)...... 1146–47, 1251–52, 1621–22, 1624, 1763 Richmond v. Deans, 281 U.S. 704 (1930)...... 2141 Richmond v. Lewis, 506 U.S. 40 (1992)...... 1729 Rickert Rice Mills v. Fontenot, 297 U.S. 110 (1936)...... 842, 2327 Riddle v. Dyche, 262 U.S. 333 (1923)...... 714 Rideau v. Louisiana, 373 U.S. 723 (1963)...... 1250, 1640, 2028 Ridgway v. Ridgway, 454 U.S. 46 (1981)...... 354 Riegel v. Medtronic, Inc., 128 S. Ct. 999 (2008)...... 2598 Riegle v. FOMC, 656 F.2d 873 (D.C. Cir. 1981)...... 752 Riggs v. Del Drago, 317 U.S. 95 (1942)...... 162 Riggs v. Johnson County, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 166 (1868)...... 892 Riley v. California, 573 U.S. ___, No. 13–132, slip op. (2014)...... 1422 Riley v. Massachusetts, 232 U.S. 671 (1914)...... 1852 Riley v. National Fed’n of the Blind, 487 U.S. 781 (1988)...... 1178, 1269, 1335, 1356, 2514 Riley v. New York Trust Co., 315 U.S. 343 (1942)...... 949, 1999, 2002 Rinaldi v. United States, 434 U.S. 22 (1977)...... 1482 Rinaldi v. Yeager, 384 U.S. 305 (1966)...... 2120, 2216, 2467 Rindge Co. v. Los Angeles County, 262 U.S. 700 (1923)...... 1583–84 Ring v. Arizona, 536 U.S. 584 (2002)...... 1632, 1724–25, 1746–47, 2039, 2528, 2614 Ristaino v. Ross, 424 U.S. 589 (1976)...... 1644 Rita v. United States, 551 U.S. 338 (2007)...... 1635–36 Ritchie v. McMullen, 159 U.S. 235 (1895)...... 965 Rivera v. Delaware, 429 U.S. 877 (1976)...... 1751, 2037 Rivera v. Dunn, 329 F. Supp. 554 (D. Conn. 1971)...... 2207 Rivera v. Illinois, 129 S. Ct. 1446 (2009)...... 1644 Rivera v. Minnich, 483 U.S. 574 (1987)...... 2012 Riverside Mills v. Menefee, 237 U.S. 189 (1915)...... 937, 1988, 1991 Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362 (1976)...... 740, 764 Road Dist. v. Missouri Pac. R.R., 274 U.S. 188 (1927)...... 1900 Road Improv. Dist. v. Missouri Paciﬁc R.R., 274 U.S. 188 (1927)...... 2110, 2417 Roaden v. Kentucky, 413 U.S. 496 (1973)...... 1314, 1406 Roadway Express, Inc. v. Piper, 447 U.S. 752 (1980)...... 707 Robbins v. California, 453 U.S. 420 (1981)...... 1387, 1428, 1461, 2612 Robbins v. Shelby County Taxing Dist., 120 U.S. 489 (1887)...... 245, 2377 Robert Mitchell Furn. Co. v. Selden Breck Constr. Co., 257 U.S. 213 (1921)...... 1991 Roberts v. Burlington Industries, 477 U.S. 901 (1986)...... 2591 Roberts v. City of Boston, 59 Mass. 198 (1849)...... 2122 Roberts v. City of New York, 295 U.S. 264 (1935)...... 1594 Roberts v. Irrigation Dist., 289 U.S. 71 (1933)...... 1899 Roberts v. Lewis, 153 U.S. 367 (1894)...... 2605 Roberts v. Louisiana, 428 U.S. 325 (1976)...... 1641, 1722–24, 1726–28, 2491 Roberts v. Louisiana, 431 U.S. 633 (1977)...... 1726, 1728, 2493 Roberts v. Reilly, 116 U.S. 80 (1885)...... 977–78 Roberts v. Russell, 392 U.S. 293 (1968)...... 1640, 1650 Roberts v. United States Jaycees, 468 U.S. 609 (1984)...... 1184–86, 2165 Robertson v. Baldwin, 165 U.S. 275 (1897)...... 1047, 1142, 1367, 1649, 1822 2740 TABLE OF CASES

Robertson v. California, 328 U.S. 440 (1946)...... 186 Robertson v. Pickrell, 109 U.S. 608 (1883)...... 933, 950 Robertson v. Seattle Audubon Soc., 503 U.S. 429, 441 (1992)...... 883–84 Robertson v. United States ex rel. Watson, 560 U.S. ___, No. 08–6261, slip op. (2010)...... 694 Robinson v. California, 370 U.S. 660 (1962)...... 1065, 1751–52, 2458 Robinson v. Florida, 378 U.S. 153 (1964)...... 2070, 2144 Robinson v. Hanrahan, 409 U.S. 38 (1972)...... 1962, 1999, 2481 Robinson v. Neil, 409 U.S. 505 (1973)...... 771–72 Rocca v. Thompson, 223 U.S. 317 (1912)...... 537 Roche v. McDonald, 275 U.S. 449 (1928)...... 932, 934 Rochester Ry. v. Rochester, 205 U.S. 236 (1907)...... 427 Rochester Tel. Corp. v. United States, 307 U.S. 125 (1939)...... 2606 Rochin v. California, 342 U.S. 165 (1952)...... 1063, 1408, 1457–58, 2017 Rock v. Arkansas, 483 U.S. 44 (1987)...... 1677, 2029 Rockefeller v. Socialist Workers Party, 400 U.S. 806 (1970)...... 2474 Rockefeller v. United States, 257 U.S. 176 (1921)...... 2263 Rockefeller v. Wells, 389 U.S. 421 (1967)...... 2469 Rockford Life Ins. Co. v. Illinois Dep’t of Revenue, 482 U.S. 182 (1987)...... 1035 Rodman v. Pothier, 264 U.S. 399 (1924)...... 979 Rodriguez de Quijas v. Shearson/American Express, 490 U.S. 477 (1989)...... 2613 Rodriguez v. Popular Democratic Party, 457 U.S. 1 (1982)...... 990, 1188, 2186 Rodriguez v. United States, 575 U.S. ___, No. 13–9972, slip op. at (2015)...... 1420, 1430 Rodrique v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 395 U.S. 352 (1969)...... 833 Roe v. Flores-Ortega, 528 U.S. 470 (2000)...... 1676 Roe v. Kansas ex rel. Smith, 278 U.S. 191 (1929)...... 1584 Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973)...... 765, 769, 802–03, 1922, 1925, 1927, 1930–35, 1937–38, 1942–43, 1946, 1948, 1951, 2482, 2510, 2526 Roemer v. Maryland Bd. of Public Works, 426 U.S. 736 (1976)...... 1076, 1086, 1099 Rogers Park Water Co. v. Fergus, 180 U.S. 624 (1901)...... 428 Rogers v. Alabama, 192 U.S. 226 (1904)...... 935, 2137 Rogers v. Arkansas, 227 U.S. 401 (1913)...... 2392 Rogers v. Bellei, 401 U.S. 815 (1971)...... 302, 304, 308–09, 312, 483, 1832 Rogers v. Burlington, 10 U.S. (3 Wall.) 654 (1866)...... 2604 Rogers v. Hennepin County, 240 U.S. 184 (1916)...... 1904 Rogers v. Lodge, 458 U.S. 613 (1982)...... 2096, 2100, 2145, 2203, 2235, 2247 Rogers v. Missouri Paciﬁc R.R., 352 U.S. 500 (1957)...... 195, 1704–05 Rogers v. Richmond, 365 U.S. 534 (1961)...... 1531, 1533 Rogers v. Tennessee, 532 U.S. 451 (2001)...... 2023 Rogers v. United States, 141 U.S. 548 (1891)...... 1694 Rogers v. United States, 340 U.S. 367 (1951)...... 1508, 1517 Rohr Aircraft Corp. v. San Diego County, 362 U.S. 628 (1960)...... 2455 Rolston v. Missouri Fund Comm’rs, 120 U.S. 390 (1887)...... 1801, 1804, 2612 Roman v. Sincock, 377 U.S. 695 (1964)...... 2192, 2464 Romano v. Oklahoma, 512 U.S. 1 (1994)...... 1727, 1729 Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996)...... 2211–12, 2522 Romero v. International Terminal Operating Co., 358 U.S. 354 (1959).... 807, 813, 821–23, 827, 862, 867, 869, 1696 Romeu v. Todd, 206 U.S. 358 (1907)...... 991 Rompilla v. Beard, 545 U.S. 374 (2005)...... 1671, 1673 Rooker v. Fidelity Trust Co., 263 U.S. 413 (1923)...... 898 Rooney v. North Dakota, 196 U.S. 319 (1905)...... 406, 408 Roosevelt v. Meyer, 68 U.S. (1 Wall.) 512 (1863)...... 2604 Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005)...... 1743–44, 1756, 2529, 2614 TABLE OF CASES 2741

Rosado v. Wyman, 397 U.S. 397 (1970)...... 174, 813, 2583 Rosales-Lopez v. United States, 451 U.S. 182 (1981)...... 1644 Rosario v. Rockefeller, 410 U.S. 752 (1973)...... 769, 1188, 2186 Roschen v. Ward, 279 U.S. 337 (1929)...... 1891 Rose v. Arkansas State Police, 479 U.S. 1 (1986)...... 284, 2592 Rose v. Clark, 478 U.S. 570 (1986)...... 2029 Rose v. Himley, 8 U.S. (4 Cr.) 241 (1808)...... 2603 Rose v. Lundy, 455 U.S. 509 (1982)...... 713 Rose v. Mitchell, 443 U.S. 545 (1979)...... 911, 2140 Rose v. Rose, 481 U.S. 619 (1987)...... 290 Rosen v. California, 416 U.S. 924 (1974)...... 1291 Rosen v. United States, 161 U.S. 29 (1896)...... 1647 Rosen v. United States, 245 U.S. 467 (1918)...... 1659, 2605 Rosenberg Bros. & Co. v. Curtis Brown Co., 260 U.S. 516 (1923)...... 1991 Rosenberger v. Paciﬁc Express Co., 241 U.S. 48 (1916)...... 2398 Rosenberger v. University of Virginia, 515 U.S. 819 (1995)...... 1076, 1099, 1108, 1263, 1334 Rosenblatt v. Baer, 383 U.S. 75 (1966)...... 1298–99 Rosenbloom v. Metromedia, 403 U.S. 29 (1971)...... 1300–01 Rosenburg v. Fleuti, 374 U.S. 449 (1963)...... 314 Rosengart v. Laird, 404 U.S. 908 (1972)...... 729 Rosenthal v. New York, 226 U.S. 260 (1912)...... 1883 Rosewell v. LaSalle National Bank, 450 U.S. 503 (1981)...... 893 Ross v. Bernhard, 396 U.S. 531 (1970)...... 703, 1693, 1700 Ross v. Moffitt, 417 U.S. 600 (1974)...... 2049, 2217 Ross v. Oklahoma, 487 U.S. 81 (1987)...... 1643, 1645 Ross v. Oregon, 227 U.S. 150 (1913)...... 406, 410 Rossi v. Pennsylvania, 238 U.S. 62 (1915)...... 2565 Rostker v. Goldberg, 453 U.S. 57 (1981)...... 352–53, 613, 1568, 2092, 2166, 2171 Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476 (1957)..... 1066, 1170, 1175, 1311, 1313–16, 1319–20, 1771 Rothgery v. Gillespie County, 128 S. Ct. 2578 (2008)...... 1678 Roudebush v. Hartke, 405 U.S. 15 (1972)...... 131, 133, 897 Rowan v. Post Office Dep’t, 397 U.S. 728 (1970)...... 329, 1313, 1570 Rowan v. Runnels, 46 U.S. (5 How.) 134 (1847)...... 860 Rowe v. New Hampshire Motor Transport Association, 128 S. Ct. 989 (2008)...... 2598 Rowland v. Boyle, 244 U.S. 106 (1917)...... 2399 Rowoldt v. Perfetto, 355 U.S. 115 (1957)...... 1201 Royal Arcanum v. Green, 237 U.S. 531 (1915)...... 957 Royall v. Virginia, 116 U.S. 572 (1886)...... 2376 Royster Guano Co. v. Virginia, 253 U.S. 412 (1920)...... 2403 Rubber-Tip Pencil Co. v. Howard, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 498 (1874)...... 333 Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co., 514 U.S. 476 (1995)...... 1270, 1272, 1275, 2327 Ruckelshaus v. Monsanto Co., 467 U.S. 986 (1984)...... 1585, 1590–91, 1600 Ruddy v. Rossi, 248 U.S. 104 (1918)...... 988 Rudolph v. Alabama, 375 U.S. 889 (1963)...... 1719 Ruffin v. Commonwealth, 62 Va. 790 (1871)...... 2051 Rufo v. Inmates of Suffolk County Jail, 502 U.S. 367 (1991)...... 1759 Ruhlin v. New York Life Ins. Co., 304 U.S. 202 (1938)...... 863 Rummel v. Estelle, 445 U.S. 263 (1980)...... 1752–53, 2046 Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights, Inc., 547 U.S. 47 (2006)...... 1187, 1261 Rumsfeld v. Padilla, 542 U.S. 426 (2004)...... 512, 713 Runkle v. United States, 122 U.S. 543 (1887)...... 614 Runyon v. McCrary, 427 U.S. 160 (1976)...... 1184, 1819, 2081 2742 TABLE OF CASES

Ruppert v. Caffey, 251 U.S. 264 (1920)...... 360 Rush v. Savchuk, 444 U.S. 320 (1980)...... 951, 2002 Rusk v. Espinosa, 456 U.S. 951 (1982)...... 2553 Russell v. Sebastian, 233 U.S. 195 (1914)...... 2393 Russell v. United States, 369 U.S. 749 (1962)...... 102, 105, 111, 142 Russell v. United States, 471 U.S. 858 (1985)...... 180, 223, 231 Russian Volunteer Fleet v. United States, 282 U.S. 481 (1931)...... 1586 Rust v. Sullivan, 500 U.S. 173 (1991)...... 801, 1258–61, 1263 Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois, 497 U.S. 62 (1990)...... 1191 Rutkin v. United States, 343 U.S. 130 (1952)...... 2267 Rutledge v. United States, 517 U.S. 292 (1996)...... 1501 Ryder v. United States, 515 U.S. 177 (1995)...... 568, 571, 777 S S.R.A., Inc. v. Minnesota, 327 U.S. 558 (1946)...... 378 Sable Communications v. FCC, 492 U.S. 115 (1989)...... 1172, 1286, 1324, 1328, 2347 Sabri v. United States, 541 U.S. 600 (2004)...... 169, 171, 379 Sacher v. United States, 343 U.S. 1 (1952)...... 700 Sacher v. United States, 356 U.S. 576 (1958)...... 104, 111, 700, 703 Saenz v. Roe, 526 U.S. 489 (1999)...... 1836, 2205–08, 2525 Safe Deposit & Trust Co. v. Virginia, 280 U.S. 83 (1929)...... 1906, 2422 Safeway Stores v. Oklahoma Grocers, 360 U.S. 334 (1959)...... 1876, 2117 Saffle v. Parks, 494 U.S. 484 (1990)...... 911, 1746–47 Safford Uniﬁed School District #1 v. Redding, 557 U.S. ___, No. 08–479 (2009)...... 1439–40, 1454, 2062 Sage Stores Co. v. Kansas, 323 U.S. 32 (1944)...... 1892 Saia v. New York, 334 U.S. 558 (1948)...... 1354, 1357, 2545 Sailer v. Leger, 403 U.S. 365 (1971)...... 2476 Sailors v. Board of Elections, 387 U.S. 105 (1967)...... 2186, 2192 Salazar v. Buono, 559 U.S. ___, No. 08–472, slip op. (2010)...... 737, 1118 Sale v. Haitian Centers Council, 509 U.S. 155 (1993)...... 313 Salinas v. Texas, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–246, slip op. (2013)...... 1508, 1540 Salinger v. Loisel, 265 U.S. 224 (1924)...... 908, 1646 Salomon v. State Tax Comm’n, 278 U.S. 484 (1929)...... 2107 Salt Company v. East Saginaw, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 373 (1872)...... 417 Salyer Land Co. v. Tulare Water Storage Dist., 410 U.S. 719 (1973)...... 2185, 2193 Salzburg v. Maryland, 346 U.S. 545 (1954)...... 2119 Samson v. California, 547 U.S. 843 (2006)...... 1442 Samuels v. Mackell, 401 U.S. 66 (1971)...... 762, 895, 902–03, 1289 Samuels v. McCurdy, 267 U.S. 188 (1925)...... 406 San Antonio School Dist. v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 1 (1973)... 1951, 2091, 2094, 2118, 2163, 2182, 2206, 2213, 2222–24 San Diego Building Trades Council v. Garmon, 353 U.S. 26 (1957)...... 291–92, 294–95 San Diego Building Trades Council v. Garmon, 359 U.S. 236 (1959)...... 2579 San Diego Gas & Electric Co. v. City of San Diego, 450 U.S. 621 (1981)...... 815, 1595, 1608 San Diego Land & Town Co. v. Jasper, 189 U.S. 439 (1903)...... 1865–66 San Diego Land Co. v. National City, 174 U.S. 739 (1899)...... 1864, 1866 San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. United States Olympic Comm., 483 U.S. 522 (1987)...... 1269–70, 1286 San Remo Hotel, L.P. v. City and County of San Francisco, 545 U.S. 323 (2005)...... 1611 Sanabria v. United States, 437 U.S. 54 (1978)...... 1491–92 Sanchez-Llamas v. Oregon, 548 U.S. 331 (2006)...... 524–25 Sanders v. Fertilizer Works, 292 U.S. 190 (1934)...... 962 Sanders v. Johnson, 403 U.S. 955 (1971)...... 2477 TABLE OF CASES 2743

Sanders v. United States, 373 U.S. 1 (1963)...... 709, 907–08, 912 Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472 (1995)...... 1977, 2054 Sands v. Manistee River Imp. Co., 123 U.S. 288 (1887)...... 985 Sandstrom v. Montana, 442 U.S. 510 (1979)...... 2016, 2029, 2035–36 Sanitary Dist. v. United States, 206 U.S. 405 (1925)...... 1024 Sanks v. Georgia, 401 U.S. 144 (1971)...... 767 Santa Clara County v. Southern Pac. R.R., 118 U.S. 394 (1886)...... 2082, 2102 Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez, 436 U.S. 49 (1978)...... 299–300 Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe, 530 U.S. 290 (2000)...... 1076–77, 1105 Santiago v. Nogueras, 214 U.S. 260 (1909)...... 363, 504 Santobello v. New York, 404 U.S. 257 (1971)...... 2045 Santosky v. Kramer, 455 U.S. 745 (1982)...... 1967, 1975, 2006–07, 2012, 2222, 2502 Santovincenzo v. Egan, 284 U.S. 30 (1931)...... 2571 Sapir v. United States, 348 U.S. 373 (1955)...... 2611 Sattazahn v. Pennsylvania, 537 U.S. 101 (2003)...... 1498 Satterlee v. Matthewson, 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 380 (1829)...... 414 Satterwhite v. Texas, 486 U.S. 249 (1987)...... 1685 Saucier v. Katz, 533 U.S. 194 (2001)...... 1385, 1454, 2615 Sauer v. New York, 206 U.S. 536 (1907)...... 412, 1594 Saunders v. Shaw, 244 U.S. 317 (1917)...... 1979 Saunders v. Wilkins, 152 F.2d 235 (4th Cir. 1945)...... 2225, 2299 Savings Society v. Multnomah County, 169 U.S. 421 (1898)...... 1904 Savorgnan v. United States, 338 U.S. 491 (1950)...... 304, 309–10 Sawyer v. Piper, 189 U.S. 154 (1903)...... 2007 Sawyer v. Smith, 497 U.S. 227 (1990)...... 775, 911, 1747 Sawyer v. Whitley, 505 U.S. 333 (1992)...... 912, 915, 1749 Saxbe v. Washington Post, 417 U.S. 843 (1974)...... 1146, 1256 Scafati v. Greenﬁeld, 390 U.S. 713 (1968)...... 2470 Scales v. United States, 367 U.S. 203 (1961)...... 1167, 1175, 1201, 1348, 2032 Scarborough v. United States, 431 U.S. 563 (1977)...... 183, 220, 230, 1369 Schacht v. United States, 398 U.S. 58 (1970)...... 1209, 1212, 1292, 2335 Schad v. Arizona, 501 U.S. 624 (1991)...... 1726 Schad v. Borough of Mount Ephraim, 452 U.S. 61 (1981)...... 1329, 2291, 2552 Schaefer v. United States, 251 U.S. 466 (1920)...... 1142, 1157 Schall v. Martin, 467 U.S. 253 (1984)...... 1712, 2063 Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495 (1935)...... 1770, 2325 Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western New York, 519 U.S. 357 (1997)...... 1350 Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919)...... 366, 1142, 1156–57, 1197 Scher v. United States, 305 U.S. 251 (1938)...... 1427 Scheuer v. Rhodes, 416 U.S. 232 (1974)...... 371, 786, 1797, 1809, 2064 Schick v. Reed, 419 U.S. 256 (1976)...... 517 Schick v. United States, 195 U.S. 65 (1904)...... 1629 Schilb v. Kuebel, 404 U.S. 357 (1971)...... 1065, 2085, 2087, 2121 Schiro v. Bynum, 375 U.S. 395 (1964)...... 2143 Schiro v. Farley, 510 U.S. 222 (1994)...... 1491 Schlesinger v. Ballard, 419 U.S. 498 (1975)...... 352–53, 1568, 2145, 2173 Schlesinger v. Councilman, 420 U.S. 738 (1975)...... 353, 357 Schlesinger v. Reservists Comm. to Stop the War, 418 U.S. 208 (1974)... 147, 730, 732–33, 752 Schlesinger v. Wisconsin, 270 U.S. 230 (1926)...... 2013, 2413 Schlup v. Delo, 513 U.S. 298 (1995)...... 915, 1748 Schmerber v. California, 384 U.S. 757 (1966)...... 1407–08, 1458, 1507, 1510, 1684 Schmidinger v. Chicago, 226 U.S. 578 (1913)...... 1839, 1876–77, 2112 Schmidt v. Oakland Uniﬁed School Dist., 457 U.S. 594 (1982)...... 812 2744 TABLE OF CASES

Schneble v. Florida, 405 U.S. 427 (1972)...... 1650 Schneck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919)...... 366 Schneckloth v. Bustamonte, 412 U.S. 218 (1973)...... 910, 1433, 1461, 1467 Schneider v. Irvington, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)...... 1064, 1164, 1331, 1335, 1352, 1357, 2543 Schneider v. New Jersey, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)...... 2543 Schneider v. Rusk, 377 U.S. 163 (1964)...... 302, 304, 307–08, 311, 966, 2332, 2609 Schneider v. Smith, 390 U.S. 17 (1968)...... 95, 367, 1203–04 Schneider v. Town of Irvington, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)...... 1335 Schneidewind v. ANR Pipeline Co., 485 U.S. 293 (1988)...... 283, 2593 Schnell v. Davis, 336 U.S. 933 (1949)...... 2445 Schoenthal v. Irving Trust Co., 287 U.S. 92 (1932)...... 1698 Scholey v. Rew, 90 U.S. (23 Wall.) 331 (1875)...... 394 Schollenberger v. Pennsylvania, 171 U.S. 1 (1898)...... 444, 2382 Schriro v. Landrigan, 550 U.S. 465 (2007)...... 1672 Schriro v. Smith, 546 U.S. 6 (2005)...... 1630, 1741, 2043 Schriro v. Summerlin, 542 U.S. 348 (2004)...... 774–75, 1746 Schroeder v. City of New York, 371 U.S. 208 (1962)...... 1999, 2549 Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, 572 U.S. ___, No. 12–682, slip op. (2014)...... 2135 Schulz v. Pennsylvania R.R., 350 U.S. 523 (1956)...... 1704 Schumacher v. Beeler, 293 U.S. 367 (1934)...... 814 Schuylkill Trust Co. v. Pennsylvania, 296 U.S. 113 (1935)...... 2572 Schuylkill Trust Co. v. Pennsylvania, 302 U.S. 506 (1938)...... 1905, 2572 Schwab v. Richardson, 263 U.S. 88 (1923)...... 1911 Schware v. Board of Bar Examiners, 353 U.S. 232 (1957)...... 1202 Schwartz v. Texas, 344 U.S. 199 (1952)...... 1447, 2610 Schwartz v. Vanasco, 423 U.S. 1041 (1976)...... 2490 Schwegmann Bros. Giant Super Markets v. Louisiana Milk Comm’n, 416 U.S. 922 (1974)...... 2487 Schwegmann Bros. v. Calvert Corp., 341 U.S. 384 (1951)...... 2293 Schweiker v. Chilicki, 487 U.S. 412 (1988)...... 810 Schweiker v. McClure, 456 U.S. 188 (1982)...... 92, 1962–63 Schweiker v. Wilson, 450 U.S. 221 (1981)...... 1580, 2085, 2088–89 Scindia Steam Navigation Co., v. De Los Santos, 451 U.S. 156 (1981)...... 833 Scott v. Donald, 165 U.S. 58 (1897)...... 2381 Scott v. Germano, 381 U.S. 407 (1965)...... 899 Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372 (2007)...... 1390, 1454 Scott v. Illinois, 440 U.S. 367 (1979)...... 1665 Scott v. McNeal, 154 U.S. 34 (1894)...... 411, 1986 Scott v. Moore, 680 F.2d 979 (5th Cir. 1982)...... 2232 Scott v. Neely, 140 U.S. 106 (1891)...... 1698 Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 393 (1857)...... 301, 385, 729, 953, 966–67, 969, 1553, 1829–30, 1841, 2311 Scott v. United States, 425 U.S. 917 (1976)...... 1410 Scott v. United States, 436 U.S. 128 (1978)...... 1451 Scottish Union & Nat’l Ins. Co. v. Bowland, 196 U.S. 611 (1905)...... 1919 Scranton v. Drew, 379 U.S. 40 (1964)...... 899 Scranton v. Wheeler, 179 U.S. 141 (1900)...... 1801 Screws v. United States, 325 U.S. 91 (1945)...... 1482, 2023, 2069–70, 2228–29 Scripps-Howard Radio v. FCC, 316 U.S. 4 (1942)...... 756 Scripto v. Carson, 362 U.S. 207 (1960)...... 252 Scull v. Virginia ex rel. Committee, 359 U.S. 344 (1959)...... 104 Scully v. Bird, 209 U.S. 481 (1908)...... 1804 TABLE OF CASES 2745

Sea-Land Services v. Gaudet, 414 U.S. 573 (1974)...... 835 Seaboard Air Line R.R. v. Daniel, 333 U.S. 118 (1948)...... 2574 Seaboard Air Line R.R. v. Georgia R.R. Comm’n, 240 U.S. 324 (1916)...... 1872 Seaboard Air Line Ry. v. Blackwell, 244 U.S. 310 (1917)...... 247, 2399 Seaboard Air Line Ry. v. North Carolina, 245 U.S. 298 (1917)...... 1892 Seaboard Air Line Ry. v. United States, 254 U.S. 57 (1920)...... 1571 Seaboard Air Line Ry. v. Watson, 287 U.S. 86 (1932)...... 2114 Sealfon v. United States, 332 U.S. 575 (1948)...... 1504 Searight v. Stokes, 44 U.S. (3 How.) 151 (1845)...... 326–27, 2559 Sears v. Upton, 561 U.S. ___, No. 09–8854, slip op. (2010)...... 1673–74 Sears, Roebuck & Co. v. Carpenters, 436 U.S. 180 (1978)...... 294, 1341 Sears, Roebuck & Co. v. Stiffel Co., 376 U.S. 225 (1964)...... 340–41, 2462 Seas Shipping Co. v. Sieracki, 328 U.S. 85 (1946)...... 826, 833 Seattle Master Builders Ass’n v. Paciﬁc N.W. Elec. Power Council, 786 F.2d 1359 (9th Cir. 1986)...... 90 Seattle Times Co. v. Rhinehart, 467 U.S. 20 (1984)...... 1153, 1250 Seattle v. Oregon & W.R.R., 255 U.S. 56 (1921)...... 187 SEC v. Medical Committee for Human Rights, 404 U.S. 403 (1972)...... 765 Second Employers’ Liability Cases, 223 U.S. 1 (1912)...... 195, 891, 1021, 1579 Secretary of Public Welfare v. Institutionalized Juveniles, 442 U.S. 640 (1979)...... 2065 Secretary of State of Maryland v. Joseph H. Munson Co., 467 U.S. 947 (1984)...... 1172, 1356, 2507 Secretary of State v. Joseph H. Munson Co., 467 U.S. 947 (1984)...... 748 Secretary of the Navy v. Avrech, 418 U.S. 676 (1974)...... 358 Secretary of the Navy v. Huff, 444 U.S. 453 (1980)...... 353 Security Bank v. California, 263 U.S. 282 (1923)...... 435 Security Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Prewitt,...... 2605 Security Savings Bank v. California, 263 U.S. 282 (1923)...... 1999, 2003 See v. City of Seattle, 387 U.S. 541 (1967)...... 1393, 2549 Seese v. Bethlehem Steel Co., 168 F.2d 58 (4th Cir. 1948)...... 886 Segura v. United States, 468 U.S. 796 (1984)...... 1463, 1467 Sei Fujii v. State, 38 Cal. 2d 718 (1952)...... 528 Seibert v. Lewis, 122 U.S. 284 (1887)...... 2377 Seider v. Roth, 17 N.Y. 2d 111, 269 N.Y.S. 2d 99, 216 N.E. 2d 312 (1966)...... 2000, 2002 Selective Draft Law Cases, 245 U.S. 366 (1918)...... 90, 351–52, 361, 1047, 1822 Selective Service System v. Minnesota PIRG, 468 U.S. 841 (1984)...... 352, 1512 Selig v. Hamilton, 234 U.S. 652 (1914)...... 435, 957 Seling v. Young, 531 U.S. 250 (2001)...... 392, 1483 Sell v. United States, 539 U.S. 166 (2003)...... 2044 Selliger v. Kentucky, 213 U.S. 200 (1909)...... 444 Selling v. Radford, 243 U.S. 46 (1917)...... 723 Selover, Bates & Co. v. Walsh, 226 U.S. 112 (1912)...... 1831 Semayne’s Case, 5 Coke’s Repts. 91a, 77 Eng. Rep. 194 (K.B. 1604)...... 1377, 1410 Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44 (1996)...... 803, 1787–90, 1798, 2236, 2347, 2614 Semler v. Dental Examiners, 294 U.S. 608 (1935)...... 1881, 2113 Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities v. Nixon, 370 F. Supp. 521 (D.D.C.), aff’d, 498 F.2d 725 (D.C. Cir. 1974)...... 595 Sendak v. Arnold, 429 U.S. 968 (1976)...... 2491 Senior v. Braden, 295 U.S. 422 (1935)...... 1905, 2431 Senko v. La Crosse Dredging Corp., 352 U.S. 370 (1957)...... 1704 Senn v. Tile Layers Union, 301 U.S. 468 (1937)...... 1342, 1856–57 Serbian Eastern Orthodox Diocese v. Dionisije Milivojevich, 426 U.S. 697 (1976)...... 1079 2746 TABLE OF CASES

Sere v. Pitot, 10 U.S. (6 Cr.) 332 (1810)...... 375, 990 Serfass v. United States, 420 U.S. 377 (1975)...... 1493 Service v. Dulles, 354 U.S. 363 (1957)...... 1559 Seton Hall College v. South Orange, 242 U.S. 100 (1916)...... 418 Seufert Bros. v. United States, 249 U.S. 194 (1919)...... 987 Seymour v. Osborne, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 516 (1871)...... 333 Sgro v. United States, 287 U.S. 206 (1932)...... 1412 Shadwick v. City of Tampa, 407 U.S. 345 (1972)...... 1400 Shafer v. Farmers Grain Co., 268 U.S. 189 (1925)...... 2412 Shafer v. South Carolina, 532 U.S. 36 (2001)...... 1731, 2048 Shaffer v. Carter, 252 U.S. 37 (1920)...... 975, 1898, 1912, 2107 Shaffer v. Heitner, 433 U.S. 186 (1977)...... 935, 951, 1986–87, 1995, 2001–02, 2494, 2611 Shallenberger v. First State Bank, 219 U.S. 114 (1911)...... 1878 Shanks v. DuPont, 28 U.S. (3 Pet.) 242 (1830)...... 309 Shapero v. Kentucky Bar Ass’n, 486 U.S. 466 (1988)...... 1267, 2513 Shapiro v. Thompson, 394 U.S. 618 (1969)...... 800, 966, 1834, 2091, 2093–94, 2118, 2206–07, 2336, 2472, 2477, 2610 Shapiro v. United States, 335 U.S. 1 (1948)...... 1518, 1520–21, 1524 Sharp v. United States, 191 U.S. 341 (1903)...... 1589 Shaughnessy v. Pedreiro, 349 U.S. 48 (1955)...... 1563 Shaughnessy v. United States ex rel. Mezei, 345 U.S. 206 (1953)...... 314, 1560 Shaw v. Delta Air Lines, 463 U.S. 85 (1983)...... 278, 2589 Shaw v. Hunt, 517 U.S. 899 (1996)...... 2197, 2522 Shaw v. Oil Corp., 276 U.S. 575 (1928)...... 1044 Shaw v. Reno, 509 U.S. 630 (1993)...... 2197 Shea v. Louisiana, 470 U.S. 51 (1985)...... 1544 Sheehan Co. v. Shuler, 265 U.S. 371 (1924)...... 1855 Sheehy v. Mandeville, 10 U.S. (6 Cr.) 253 (1810)...... 2604 Sheet Metal Workers Local 28 v. EEOC, 478 U.S. 421 (1986)...... 2145 Shelby Cnty. v. Holder, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–96, slip op. (2013)...... 2254 Shelby County v. Holder, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–96, slip op. (2013)...... 2196–97, 2254–55, 2337 Shelby Cty. v. Holder, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–96, slip op...... 983 Shelby Cty. v. Holder, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–96, slip op. (2013)...... 2337 Sheldon v. Sill, 49 U.S. (8 How.) 441 (1850)...... 688, 858, 877 Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1, 13 (1948)...... 2066, 2070–72, 2142, 2232 Shelton v. The Collector, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 113 (1867)...... 2604 Shelton v. Tiffin, 47 U.S. (6 How.) 163 (1848)...... 856 Shelton v. Tucker, 364 U.S. 479 (1960)...... 1183, 1206, 1223, 1270, 2455 Shelton v. United States, 404 F.2d 1292 (D.C. Cir. 1968)...... 101 Sheppard v. Maxwell, 384 U.S. 333 (1966)...... 699–700, 1250, 1623, 1639–40, 2028 Sheppard v. Taylor, 30 U.S. (5 Pet.) 675 (1831)...... 823 Sherbert v. Verner, 374 U.S. 398 (1963)...... 1075, 1077, 1120–21, 1123, 1128–33, 1136, 1138, 1203, 2461 Sherman v. United States, 356 U.S. 369 (1958)...... 2024–25 Sherrer v. Sherrer, 334 U.S. 343 (1948)...... 942–44, 2607 Shields v. Ohio, 95 U.S. 319 (1877)...... 423–24 Shields v. Thomas, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 253 (1856)...... 1694 Shillitani v. United States, 384 U.S. 364 (1966)...... 695 Shipley v. California, 395 U.S. 818 (1969)...... 1425 Shively v. Bowlby, 152 U.S. 1 (1894)...... 189, 986–87 Shoemaker v. United States, 147 U.S. 282 (1893)...... 375, 576, 1584 Short v. Ness Produce Co., 385 U.S. 537 (1967)...... 2468 Shoshone Mining Co. v. Rutter, 177 U.S. 505 (1900)...... 807 TABLE OF CASES 2747

Shotwell Mfg. Co. v. United States, 371 U.S. 342 (1963)...... 1527 Shriver v. Woodbine Bank, 285 U.S. 467 (1932)...... 1895 Shurtleff v. United States, 189 U.S. 311 (1903)...... 587 Shuttlesworth v. City of Birmingham, 382 U.S. 87 (1965)...... 2019 Shuttlesworth v. City of Birmingham, 394 U.S. 147 (1969)...... 1332, 1335, 1344, 2019 Sibbach v. Wilson, 312 U.S. 1 (1941)...... 719 Sibron v. New York, 392 U.S. 40 (1968)...... 729, 766–67, 769, 1396, 1415–16 Siegert v. Gilley, 500 U.S. 226 (1991)...... 1976 Sierra Club v. Morton, 405 U.S. 727 (1972)...... 737, 749, 754, 756 Silber v. United States, 370 U.S. 717 (1962)...... 105 Siler v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 213 U.S. 175 (1909)...... 798, 812, 1805, 2612 Silesian-American Corp. v. Clark, 332 U.S. 469 (1947)...... 365, 1586 Silkwood v. Kerr-McGee Corp., 464 U.S. 238 (1984)...... 274, 283 Silver v. Silver, 280 U.S. 117 (1929)...... 1579, 2113 Silverman v. United States, 365 U.S. 505 (1961)...... 1384, 1448 Silverthorne Lumber Co. v. United States, 251 U.S. 385 (1920)...... 1462, 1475 Simkins v. Moses H. Cone Memorial Hosp., 323 F.2d 959 (4th Cir. 1963)...... 2079 Simmons v. Saul, 138 U.S. 439 (1891)...... 938, 952 Simmons v. South Carolina, 512 U.S. 154 (1994)...... 1731, 2048 Simmons v. United States, 142 U.S. 148 (1891)...... 1486 Simmons v. United States, 390 U.S. 377 (1968)...... 1470, 1514, 1685, 2026 Simms v. Simms, 175 U.S. 162 (1899)...... 990 Simon & Schuster v. New York Crime Victims Bd., 502 U.S. 105 (1991)...... 1277, 2517 Simon v. Eastern Kentucky Welfare Rights Org., 426 U.S. 26 (1976)..... 742–43, 745, 749, 2082 Simon v. Southern Ry., 236 U.S. 115 (1915)...... 937, 1990–91 Simons v. Miami Nat’l Bank, 381 U.S. 81 (1965)...... 946 Simopoulos v. Virginia, 462 U.S. 506 (1983)...... 1932 Simpson v. Rice, 395 U.S. 711 (1969)...... 2613 Simpson v. Union Oil Co., 377 U.S. 13 (1964)...... 771 Simpson v. United States, 435 U.S. 6 (1978)...... 1501 Sims v. Baggett, 247 F. Supp. 96 (M.D. Ala. 1965)...... 2197 Sims v. Georgia, 385 U.S. 538 (1967)...... 1550, 2137–38 Sims v. United States, 359 U.S. 108 (1959)...... 1769 Sinclair Co. v. Interchemical Corp., 325 U.S. 327 (1945)...... 333 Sinclair Reﬁning Co. v. Atkinson, 370 U.S. 195 (1962)...... 717, 2610 Sinclair v. United States, 279 U.S. 263 (1929)...... 100, 111, 384, 2614 Sincock v. Gately, 262 F. Supp. 739 (D. Del. 1967)...... 2198 Singer Sewing Machine Co. v. Brickell, 233 U.S. 304 (1914)...... 2393 Singer v. United States, 380 U.S. 24 (1965)...... 1625 Singleton v. Jackson Mun. Separate School Dist., 355 F.2d 865 (5th Cir. 1966)...... 2125 Singleton v. Wulff, 428 U.S. 106 (1976)...... 736, 747, 1930 Sinking Fund Cases, 99 U.S. 700 (1879)...... 1552, 1838 Sinnot v. Davenport, 63 U.S. (22 How.) 227 (1860)...... 2560 Sioux City Bridge v. Dakota County, 260 U.S. 441 (1923)...... 2110 Sioux Remedy Co. v. Cope, 235 U.S. 197 (1914)...... 2395 Sioux Tribe v. United States, 316 U.S. 317 (1942)...... 988 Sipuel v. Board of Regents, 332 U.S. 631 (1948)...... 2123, 2443 Sisson v. Ruby, 497 U.S. 358 (1990)...... 825 Sistare v. Sistare, 218 U.S. 1 (1910)...... 932, 947 Six Companies of California v. Joint Highway Dist., 311 U.S. 180 (1940)...... 863 Sixty-Seventh Minnesota State Senate v. Beens, 406 U.S. 187 (1972)...... 2204 Skaneateles Water Co. v. Village of Skaneateles, 184 U.S. 354 (1902)...... 428, 1869 Skatfe v. Rorex, 553 P.2d 830 (Colo. 1976)...... 2159 2748 TABLE OF CASES

Skelly Oil Co. v. Phillips Petroleum Co., 339 U.S. 667 (1950)...... 806 Skilling v. U.S., No. 08–1394, slip op. at 16–18 (June 24, 2010)...... 1640 Skinner v. Mid-America Pipeline Co., 490 U.S. 212 (1989)...... 79, 87, 93 Skinner v. Oklahoma ex rel. Williamson, 316 U.S. 535 (1942)...... 1924, 2093–94, 2120, 2439 Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives’ Ass’n, 489 U.S. 602 (1989)...... 1398, 1408, 1443 Skipper v. South Carolina, 476 U.S. 1 (1986)...... 1730 Skiriotes v. Florida, 313 U.S. 69 (1941)...... 402 Slaughter-House Cases, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 36 (1873)...... 966–68, 1059, 1816, 1819, 1832–33, 1841, 1844–45, 1847, 2082, 2084, 2117, 2122 Sligh v. Kirkwood, 237 U.S. 52 (1915)...... 1839, 1885, 1891 Sloan Shipyards v. United States Fleet Corp., 258 U.S. 549 (1922)...... 383, 838 Sloan v. Lemon, 413 U.S. 825 (1973)...... 1084, 1094–95, 2485 Slochower v. Board of Higher Education, 350 U.S. 551 (1956)...... 1206, 1516, 2547 Slocum v. New York Life Ins. Co., 228 U.S. 364 (1913)...... 1693, 1702–03 Smalis v. Pennsylvania, 476 U.S. 140 (1986)...... 1492 Smiley v. Citibank, 517 U.S. 735 (1996)...... 275 Smiley v. Holm, 285 U.S. 355 (1932)...... 112, 124, 131, 2191 Smiley v. Kansas, 196 U.S. 447 (1905)...... 1876 Smith v. Adams, 130 U.S. 167 (1889)...... 726 Smith v. Alabama, 124 U.S. 465 (1888)...... 247 Smith v. Allwright, 321 U.S. 649 (1944)...... 2073, 2246, 2249, 2607 Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees, 441 U.S. 463 (1979)...... 1223 Smith v. Bennett, 365 U.S. 708 (1961)...... 2216 Smith v. Board of Governors of Univ. of North Carolina, 434 U.S. 803 (1977)...... 1099 Smith v. Cahoon, 283 U.S. 553 (1931)...... 1893, 2115, 2425 Smith v. Cain, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–8145, slip op. (2012)...... 2034 Smith v. California, 361 U.S. 147 (1959)...... 1155, 1265, 1314, 2548 Smith v. Daily Mail Pub. Co., 443 U.S. 97 (1979)...... 1152, 1310, 2498 Smith v. Davis, 323 U.S. 111 (1944)...... 1035 Smith v. Doe, 538 U.S. 84 (2003)...... 404 Smith v. Evening News Ass’n, 371 U.S. 195 (1962)...... 295, 810, 2608 Smith v. Goguen, 415 U.S. 566 (1974)...... 1171, 1358–59, 2019, 2486 Smith v. Hooey, 393 U.S. 374 (1969)...... 1617–18 Smith v. Illinois Bell Tel. Co., 270 U.S. 587 (1926)...... 1864 Smith v. Illinois, 390 U.S. 129 (1968)...... 1649–50 Smith v. Indiana, 191 U.S. 138 (1903)...... 727, 1839 Smith v. Kansas City Title & Trust Co., 255 U.S. 180 (1921)...... 167, 325, 382, 730, 807, 811 Smith v. Maryland, 442 U.S. 735 (1979)...... 1385 Smith v. Maryland, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 71 (1855)...... 1059, 1385–86, 1451, 1456 Smith v. Massachusetts, 543 U.S. 462 (2005)...... 1492 Smith v. Mississippi, 162 U.S. 592 (1896)...... 918 Smith v. Moody, 26 Ind. 299 (1866)...... 967 Smith v. Murray, 477 U.S. 527 (1986)...... 914 Smith v. Nichols, 89 U.S. (21 Wall.) 112 (1875)...... 333 Smith v. Nixon, 606 F.2d 1183 (D.C. Cir. 1979)...... 1452 Smith v. O’Grady, 312 U.S. 329 (1941)...... 2017 Smith v. Organization of Foster Families, 431 U.S. 816 (1977)...... 1951, 1953, 1975 Smith v. Phillips, 455 U.S. 209 (1982)...... 1639, 2028, 2031 Smith v. Reeves, 178 U.S. 436 (1900)...... 1794, 1803, 1805–06 Smith v. Robbins, 528 U.S. 259 (2000)...... 2216 Smith v. Spisak, 558 U.S. ___, No. 08–724, slip op. (2010)...... 1674, 1731 Smith v. Texas, 233 U.S. 630 (1914)...... 1882, 2393 Smith v. Texas, 311 U.S. 128 (1940)...... 2137 TABLE OF CASES 2749

Smith v. United States, 337 U.S. 137 (1949)...... 1518 Smith v. United States, 431 U.S. 291 (1977)...... 1317, 1319 Smith v. Whitman Saddle Co., 148 U.S. 674 (1893)...... 334 Smith v. Whitney, 116 U.S. 167 (1886)...... 624 Smithsonian Institution v. St. John, 214 U.S. 19 (1909)...... 953 Smyth v. Ames, 169 U.S. 466 (1898)...... 1801, 1838, 1863, 1866, 2382 Snepp v. United States, 444 U.S. 507 (1980)...... 590, 1151, 1223 Sniadach v. Family Finance Corp., 395 U.S. 337 (1969)...... 1557, 1969, 1981, 2473 Snowden v. Hughes, 321 U.S. 1 (1944)...... 1835, 1895, 2187 Snyder v. Bettman, 190 U.S. 249 (1903)...... 158 Snyder v. City of Milwaukee, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)...... 2543 Snyder v. Harris, 394 U.S. 332 (1969)...... 854, 857 Snyder v. Louisiana, 128 S. Ct. 1203 (2008)...... 2139–40 Snyder v. Marks, 109 U.S. 189 (1883)...... 729, 878 Snyder v. Massachusetts, 291 U.S. 97 (1934)...... 1063, 1551, 1556, 1652, 2005, 2027 Snyder v. Phelps, No. 09–751, slip op. (March 2, 2011)...... 1308 Sochor v. Florida, 504 U.S. 527 (1992)...... 1726, 1732 Socialist Labor Party v. Gilligan, 406 U.S. 583 (1972)...... 764 Society for Savings v. Bowers, 349 U.S. 143 (1955)...... 1035, 2451 Society for Savings v. Coite, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 594 (1868)...... 1036 Society for the Propagation of the Gospel v. New Haven, 21 U.S. (8 Wheat.) 464 (1823)...... 2559 Soldal v. Cook County, 506 U.S. 56 (1992)...... 1385, 1398 Solem v. Bartlett, 465 U.S. 463 (1984)...... 301 Solem v. Helm, 463 U.S. 277 (1983)...... 1751, 1753–55 Solem v. Stumes, 465 U.S. 638 (1984)...... 1543 Solesbee v. Balkcom, 339 U.S. 9 (1950)...... 1551 Soliah v. Heskin, 222 U.S. 522 (1912)...... 1896, 1917 Solorio v. United States, 483 U.S. 435 (1987)...... 355, 1479, 2334, 2613 Soltar v. Postmaster General, 277 F. Supp. 579 (N.D. Calif. 1967)...... 1204 Sony Corp. v. Universal City Studios, 464 U.S. 417 (1984)...... 332, 337 Sonzinsky v. United States, 300 U.S. 506 (1937)...... 163 Soon Hing v. Crowley, 113 U.S. 703 (1885)...... 1893, 2115 Soper v. Lawrence Brothers, 201 U.S. 359 (1906)...... 2010 Sorrell v. IMS Health, Inc., 564 U.S. ___, No. 10–779, slip op. (2011)...... 1273, 1286, 2531 Sorrells v. United States, 287 U.S. 435 (1932)...... 2024–25 Sosna v. Iowa, 419 U.S. 393 (1975)...... 765, 769, 1789, 2207 Sossamon v. Texas, 563 U.S. ___, No. 08–1438, slip op. (2011)...... 1795 Soucie v. David, 448 F.2d 1067, 1080 (D.C. Cir. 1971)...... 592 South Carolina Highway Dep’t v. Barnwell Bros., 303 U.S. 177 (1938)...... 1839 South Carolina Highway Dep’t v. Barnwell Bros., 303 U.S. 177 (1938)...... 248, 264 South Carolina State Bd. of Educ. v. Brown, 393 U.S. 222 (1968)...... 2472 South Carolina v. Bailey, 289 U.S. 412 (1933)...... 979 South Carolina v. Baker, 485 U.S. 505 (1988)...... 158–59, 161, 854, 1028, 1037, 1775–77, 2613 South Carolina v. Gaillard, 101 U.S. 433 (1880)...... 435 South Carolina v. Gathers, 490 U.S. 805 (1989)...... 1733, 2613 South Carolina v. Georgia, 93 U.S. 4 (1876)...... 399 South Carolina v. Katzenbach, 383 U.S. 301 (1966).. 391, 718, 727, 749, 853–54, 871, 878, 983, 1553, 2228, 2233, 2240, 2251–52, 2255 South Carolina v. Regan, 465 U.S. 367 (1984)...... 854 South Carolina v. United States, 199 U.S. 437 (1905)...... 158 South Carolina v. Wesley, 155 U.S. 542 (1895)...... 1804 South Central Bell Tel. Co. v. Alabama, 526 U.S. 160 (1999)...... 256, 2524 2750 TABLE OF CASES

South Chicago Coal & Dock Co. v. Bassett, 309 U.S. 251 (1940)...... 885 South Covington Ry. v. City of Covington, 235 U.S. 537 (1915)...... 2539 South Dakota v. Bourland, 508 U.S. 679 (1993)...... 299 South Dakota v. Dole, 483 U.S. 203 (1987)...... 169, 171–73, 1019, 1027, 2293 South Dakota v. Neville, 459 U.S. 553 (1983)...... 1511–12 South Dakota v. Neville, 459 U.S. 553, 554, 563–64 (1983)...... 1434 South Dakota v. North Carolina, 192 U.S. 286 (1904)...... 845, 851, 1790–91 South Dakota v. Opperman, 428 U.S. 364 (1976)...... 1386, 1398, 1426, 1428, 1431 South Spring Hill Gold Mining Co. v. Amador Medean Gold Mining Co., 145 U.S. 300 (1892)...... 727 South v. Peters, 339 U.S. 276 (1950)...... 779, 2191, 2609 South-Central Timber Dev., Inc. v. Wunnicke, 467 U.S. 82 (1984)...... 236, 238, 241 Southeastern Promotions v. Conrad, 420 U.S. 546 (1975)...... 1154, 1329, 1333 Southern Iowa Elec. Co. v. City of Chariton, 255 U.S. 539 (1921)...... 428 Southern Operating Co. v. Hayes, 236 U.S. 188 (1915)...... 2395 Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona ex rel. Sullivan, 325 U.S. 761 (1945)..... 192, 236–37, 246, 250, 259, 264–65, 2441 Southern Pacific Co. v. Campbell, 230 U.S. 537 (1913)...... 428 Southern Pacific Co. v. Jensen, 244 U.S. 205 (1917)...... 822–23, 827, 829–31, 888, 2565 Southern Pacific Co. v. Kentucky, 222 U.S. 63 (1911)...... 1902 Southern Pacific Co. v. Lowe, 247 U.S. 330 (1918)...... 2261 Southern Pacific Terminal Co. v. ICC, 219 U.S. 433 (1911)...... 768–69 Southern Realty Co. v. Walker, 211 U.S. 603 (1909)...... 859 Southern Ry. v. Burlington Lumber Co., 225 U.S. 99 (1912)...... 2562 Southern Ry. v. Gray, 241 U.S. 333 (1916)...... 1648 Southern Ry. v. Greene, 216 U.S. 400 (1910)...... 2104–05, 2389 Southern Ry. v. Kentucky, 274 U.S. 76 (1927)...... 2417 Southern Ry. v. Railroad Comm’n, 236 U.S. 439 (1915)...... 2564 Southern Ry. v. Reid & Beam, 222 U.S. 444 (1912)...... 2562 Southern Ry. v. Reid, 222 U.S. 424 (1912)...... 2562 Southern Ry. v. United States, 222 U.S. 20 (1911)...... 182, 195 Southern Ry. v. Virginia, 290 U.S. 190 (1933)...... 2428 Southern S.S. Co. v. NLRB, 316 U.S. 31 (1942)...... 828 Southern Union Co. v. United States, 567 U.S. ___, No. 11–94, slip op. (2012)...... 1633 Southland Corp. v. Keating, 465 U.S. 1 (1984)...... 2590 Southwest Marine, Inc. v. Gizoni, 502 U.S. 81 (1991)...... 826 Southwestern Bell Tel. Co. v. Oklahoma, 303 U.S. 206 (1938)...... 817 Southwestern Oil Co. v. Texas, 217 U.S. 114 (1910)...... 1896, 2104 Southwestern Sugar & Molasses Co. v. River Terminals Corp., 360 U.S. 411 (1959).... 824, 831 Southwestern Tel. Co. v. Danaher, 238 U.S. 482 (1915)...... 1874, 2397 Sovereign Camp v. Bolin, 305 U.S. 66 (1938)...... 957 Spalding & Bros. v. Edwards, 262 U.S. 66 (1923)...... 398 Spalding v. Vilas, 161 U.S. 483 (1896)...... 643 Spallone v. United States, 493 U.S. 265 (1990)...... 698, 2133 Spano v. New York, 360 U.S. 315 (1959)...... 1531, 1533–34, 1679 Sparf and Hansen v. United States, 156 U.S. 51 (1895)...... 1526, 1701 Spaziano v. Florida, 468 U.S. 447 (1984)...... 1632, 1726, 2615 Spears v. United States, 129 S. Ct. 840 (2009)...... 1637 Specht v. Patterson, 386 U.S. 605 (1967)...... 1665, 1687, 2047, 2064 Spector Motor Serv. v. O’Connor, 340 U.S. 602 (1951)...... 246, 251, 2447, 2611 Spector Motor Service v. McLaughlin, 323 U.S. 101 (1944)...... 798, 895 Speiser v. Randall, 357 U.S. 513 (1958)...... 1155, 1176, 1203, 1969, 2035, 2454 Spence v. Washington, 418 U.S. 405 (1974)...... 1358–59, 2487 TABLE OF CASES 2751

Spencer v. Kemna, 523 U.S. 1 (1998)...... 767 Spencer v. Texas, 385 U.S. 554 (1967)...... 1513, 2028, 2046 Sperry Oil Co. v. Chisholm, 264 U.S. 488 (1924)...... 2567 Sperry v. Florida, 373 U.S. 379 (1963)...... 1033, 2582 Spevack v. Klein, 385 U.S. 511 (1967)...... 1512, 1516, 2609 Spielman Motor Sales Co. v. Dodge, 295 U.S. 89 (1935)...... 900 Spies v. Illinois, 123 U.S. 131 (1887)...... 1060 Spinelli v. United States, 393 U.S. 410 (1969)...... 1399, 1403, 2612 Splawn v. California, 431 U.S. 595 (1977)...... 406, 1314, 1319 Spokane County v. United States, 279 U.S. 80 (1929)...... 1020 Spokane Inland R.R. v. Whitley, 237 U.S. 487 (1915)...... 935 Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins, 578 U.S. ___, No. 13–1339, slip op. (2016)...... 737, 740 Spomer v. Littleton, 414 U.S. 514 (1974)...... 764 Sporhase v. Nebraska ex rel. Douglas, 458 U.S. 941 (1982)...... 242, 260, 972, 1885, 2505, 2612 Spragins v. Houghton, 3 Ill. 377 (1840)...... 302 Sprague v. Thompson, 118 U.S. 90 (1886)...... 2561 Spreckels Sugar Reﬁning Co. v. McClain, 192 U.S. 397 (1904)...... 395 Sprietsma v. Mercury Marine, 537 U.S. 51 (2002)...... 281 Springer v. Philippine Islands, 277 U.S. 189 (1928)...... 581 Springer v. United States, 102 U.S. 586 (1881)...... 394, 1557, 2259 Springville v. Thomas, 166 U.S. 707 (1897)...... 1692 Sprint Communications Co., L.P. v. APCC Services, Inc., 128 S. Ct. 2531 (2008)...... 738, 742 Sprint Communications, Inc. v. Jacobs, 571 U.S. ___, No. 12–815, slip op. (2013)... 895, 904–05 Sproles v. Binford, 286 U.S. 374 (1932)...... 1894, 2114 Sprott v. United States, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 459 (1875)...... 922 Sprout v. City of South Bend, 277 U.S. 163 (1928)...... 1894, 2542 St. Amant v. Thompson, 390 U.S. 727 (1968)...... 1298, 1303 St. Clair v. Cox, 106 U.S. 350 (1882)...... 1990 St. Helena Parish School Bd. v. Hall, 368 U.S. 515 (1962)...... 2457 St. John v. New York, 201 U.S. 633 (1906)...... 2113 St. Joseph Stock Yards Co. v. United States, 298 U.S. 38 (1936)...... 884, 1564, 1570 St. Louis & K.C. Land Co. v. Kansas City, 241 U.S. 419 (1916)...... 1693, 1916 St. Louis & S. F. Ry. v. Public Service Comm’n, 254 U.S. 535 (1921)...... 247 St. Louis & S.F. Ry. v. James, 161 U.S. 545 (1896)...... 450, 857 St. Louis & S.F. Ry. v. Mathews, 165 U.S. 1 (1897)...... 425, 1873, 2114 St. Louis Compress Co. v. Arkansas, 260 U.S. 346 (1922)...... 1914, 2407 St. Louis Consol. Coal Co. v. Illinois, 185 U.S. 203 (1902)...... 1852 St. Louis Poster Adv. Co. v. City of St. Louis, 249 U.S. 269 (1919)...... 1887 St. Louis S. W. Ry. v. Arkansas, 235 U.S. 350 (1914)...... 1911, 2389 St. Louis S.W. Ry. v. Alexander, 227 U.S. 218 (1913)...... 1990–91 St. Louis S.W. Ry. v. Arkansas, 217 U.S. 136 (1910)...... 2389 St. Louis S.W. Ry. v. United States, 245 U.S. 136 (1917)...... 1571 St. Louis v. Ferry Company, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 423 (1870)...... 2607 St. Louis, I. Mt. & S. Ry. v. Edwards, 227 U.S. 265 (1913)...... 2563 St. Louis, I. Mt. & S.P. Ry. v. Paul, 173 U.S. 404 (1899)...... 1852 St. Louis, I. Mt. & So. Ry. v. Arkansas, 240 U.S. 518 (1916)...... 247, 1873 St. Louis, I. Mt. & So. Ry. v. Williams, 251 U.S. 63 (1919)...... 1874 St. Louis, I. Mt. & So. Ry. v. Wynne, 224 U.S. 354 (1912)...... 1874, 2391 St. Louis, Iron Mt. & So. Ry. v. Taylor, 210 U.S. 281 (1908)...... 91 St. Louis, S. F. & T. Ry. v. Seale, 229 U.S. 156 (1913)...... 2563 St. Louis-S.F. Ry v. Middlekamp, 256 U.S. 226 (1921)...... 2110 St. Pierre v. United States, 319 U.S. 41 (1943)...... 767 Stack v. Boyle, 342 U.S. 1 (1951)...... 1709, 1712 2752 TABLE OF CASES

Stacy v. Thrasher, 47 U.S. (6 How.) 44 (1848)...... 932, 936, 949 Staebler v. Carter, 464 F. Supp. 585 (D.D.C. 1979)...... 598 Stafford v. The Union Bank of Louisiana, 57 U.S. (16 How.) 135 (1853)...... 2604 Stafford v. Wallace, 258 U.S. 495 (1922)...... 179–80, 201–02 Stamey v. United States, 37 F.2d 188 (W.D. Wash. 1929)...... 1699 Stamler v. Willis, 415 F.2d 1365 (7th Cir. 1969)...... 103 Standard Oil Co. v. California, 291 U.S. 242 (1934)...... 2429 Standard Oil Co. v. Graves, 249 U.S. 389 (1919)...... 2401 Standard Oil Co. v. Marysville, 279 U.S. 582 (1929)...... 1893 Standard Oil Co. v. New Jersey, 341 U.S. 428 (1951)...... 1890 Standard Oil Co. v. Peck, 342 U.S. 382 (1952)...... 2448 Standard Oil Co. v. Tennessee, 217 U.S. 413 (1910)...... 2117 Standard Pipe Line v. Highway Dist., 277 U.S. 160 (1928)...... 2419 Standard Pressed Steel Co. v. Department of Revenue, 419 U.S. 560 (1975)...... 246, 253, 1901 Stanford Univ. v. Sullivan, 773 F. Supp. 472 (D.D.C. 1991)...... 1259 Stanford v. Kentucky, 492 U.S. 361 (1989)...... 1742–43, 2063, 2614 Stanford v. Texas, 379 U.S. 476 (1965)...... 1290, 1404–06, 2465 Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557 (1969)...... 1211, 1311, 1315, 1319–21, 1404, 1945–47, 2472 Stanley v. Illinois, 405 U.S. 645 (1972)...... 1925, 1975, 1979, 2012–14, 2119, 2479 Stanley v. Public Utilities Comm’n, 295 U.S. 76 (1935)...... 1893 Stanley v. Schwalby, 162 U.S. 255 (1896)...... 840, 889 Stansbury v. California, 511 U.S. 318 (1994)...... 1539–40 Stanton v. Baltic Mining Co., 240 U.S. 103 (1916)...... 395, 2260–61 Stanton v. Stanton, 421 U.S. 7 (1975)...... 2167, 2489 Stanton v. Stanton, 429 U.S. 501 (1977)...... 889, 2167, 2489 Starns v. Malkerson, 326 F. Supp. 234 (D. Minn. 1970)...... 2208 State Athletic Comm’n v. Dorsey, 359 U.S. 533 (1959)...... 2143, 2454 State Bank of Ohio v. Knoop, 57 U.S. (16 How.) 369 (1854)...... 411, 417, 2366 State Bd. of Equalization v. Young’s Market Co., 299 U.S. 59 (1936)...... 2286–87, 2290 State Bd. of Ins. v. Todd Shipyards, 370 U.S. 451 (1962)...... 1913, 2581 State Comm’n v. Van Cott, 306 U.S. 511 (1939)...... 1038 State Comm’n v. Wichita Gas Co., 290 U.S. 561 (1934)...... 196 State Corp. Comm’n v. Wichita Gas Co., 290 U.S. 561 (1934)...... 248 State Dep’t of Health & Rehab. Servs. v. Zarate, 407 U.S. 918 (1972)...... 2480, 2610 State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. v. Tashire, 386 U.S. 523 (1967)...... 856 State Farm Ins. Co. v. Duel, 324 U.S. 154 (1945)...... 960, 1875 State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v. Campbell, 538 U.S. 408 (2003)...... 2009–10 State Highway Comm’n of Missouri v. Volpe, 479 F.2d 1099 (8th Cir. 1973)...... 617 State Industrial Comm’n v. Nordenholt Corp., 259 U.S. 263 (1922)...... 831 State Oil Co. v. Khan, 522 U.S. 3 (1997)...... 803, 2614 State Railroad Tax Cases, 92 U.S. 575 (1876)...... 1916 State Tax Comm’n v. Aldrich, 316 U.S. 174 (1942)...... 1907, 2606 State Tax Comm’n v. Interstate Natural Gas Co., 284 U.S. 41 (1931)...... 2426 State Tax on Foreign-Held Bonds, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 300 (1873)...... 2370 State Tax on Railway Gross Receipts, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 284 (1873)...... 2604 State Tonnage Tax Cases, 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 204 (1871)...... 447, 2368 State v. Frampton, 627 P. 2d 922 (Wash. 1981)...... 1734 State v. Funicello, 60 N.J. 60, 286 A.2d 55 (1971)...... 1626 State v. Jones, 50 N.H. 369 (1871)...... 2042 State v. Mittle, 120 S.C. 526 (1922)...... 2277 Staten Island Ry. v. Phoenix Co., 281 U.S. 98 (1930)...... 1855 Staub v. City of Baxley, 355 U.S. 313 (1958)...... 817, 1149, 1335, 2548 Steagald v. United States, 451 U.S. 204 (1981)...... 1387, 1390, 1414 TABLE OF CASES 2753

Steamship Bowdoin Co. v. Industrial Accident Comm’n of California, 246 U.S. 648 (1918)...... 2566 Steamship Co. v. Portwardens, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 31 (1867)...... 235–36, 447, 2368 Stearns v. Minnesota, 179 U.S. 223 (1900)...... 411, 424, 448, 984, 2383 Stebbins v. Riley, 268 U.S. 137 (1925)...... 1898, 1907 Steehr v. Wallace, 255 U.S. 239 (1921)...... 365 Steele v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 323 U.S. 192 (1944)...... 1567 Steele v. United States, 267 U.S. 498 (1925)...... 1401, 1438 Stefanelli v. Minard, 342 U.S. 117 (1951)...... 900–01 Steffel v. Thompson, 415 U.S. 452 (1974)...... 762, 765–66, 904 Stein v. Bowman, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 209 (1839)...... 2605 Stein v. New York, 346 U.S. 156 (1953)...... 1527–28, 1530, 1533, 1548, 1550, 1640, 1648, 2609 Stelle v. Carroll, 37 U.S. (12 Pet.) 201 (1838)...... 373 Stellwagon v. Clum, 245 U.S. 605 (1918)...... 321, 323 Stenberg v. Carhart, 530 U.S. 914 (2000)...... 1937–39, 2526 Stephens v. Cherokee Nation, 174 U.S. 445 (1899)...... 674 Stephenson v. Binford, 287 U.S. 251 (1932)...... 1893 Sterling v. Constantin, 287 U.S. 378 (1932)...... 508, 627, 783, 1804, 2069 Stern v. Marshall, 564 U.S. ___, No. 10–179, slip op. (2011)...... 676, 682–83, 2344 Sterrett v. Mothers’ & Children’s Rights Org., 409 U.S. 809 (1972)...... 2584, 2610 Stettler v. O’Hara, 243 U.S. 629 (1917)...... 1853 Steuart & Bro. v. Bowles, 322 U.S. 398 (1944)...... 493 Stevens v. Gladding, 58 U.S. (17 How.) 447 (1855)...... 337 Stevenson v. Fain, 195 U.S. 165 (1904)...... 878 Stevenson v. West, 413 U.S. 902 (1973)...... 2485 Steward Machine Co. v. Davis, 301 U.S. 548 (1937)...... 170–72, 1019, 1023, 1567, 1572, 1770 Stewart & Co. v. Sadrakula, 309 U.S. 94 (1940)...... 377 Stewart Dry Goods Co. v. Lewis, 294 U.S. 550 (1935)...... 1896, 2087, 2104, 2430 Stewart v. Baltimore & O.R.R., 168 U.S. 445 (1897)...... 955 Stewart v. Foster, 2 Binn. (Pa.) 110 (1809)...... 302 Stewart v. Kahn, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 493 (1871)...... 360 Stewart v. Kansas City, 239 U.S. 14 (1915)...... 1839, 1896 Stewart v. Keyes, 295 U.S. 403 (1935)...... 2011 Stewart v. McCoy, 537 U.S. 993 (2002)...... 1176 Stewart v. Michigan, 232 U.S. 665 (1914)...... 2392 Stewart v. Washington, 301 F. Supp. 610 (D.D.C. 1969)...... 575, 1204 Stilson v. United States, 250 U.S. 583 (1919)...... 1644 Stine v. Moore, 213 F.2d 446 (5th Cir. 1954)...... 856 Stipich v. Insurance Co., 277 U.S. 311 (1928)...... 1879 Stirone v. United States, 361 U.S. 212 (1960)...... 1478 Stockard v. Morgan, 185 U.S. 27 (1902)...... 2384 Stockdale v. Insurance Companies, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 323 (1874)...... 1573–74, 1898 Stoehr v. Wallace, 255 U.S. 239 (1921)...... 1586 Stogner v. California, 539 U.S. 607 (2003)...... 407, 2528 Stone v. Graham, 449 U.S. 39 (1980)...... 1075, 1104, 1117, 2500 Stone v. Mississippi, 101 U.S. 814 (1880)...... 430, 437, 1895 Stone v. Powell, 428 U.S. 465 (1976)...... 910–11, 1461–63, 1538, 1549 Stoner v. California, 376 U.S. 483 (1964)...... 1384, 1434 Stoner v. New York Life Ins. Co., 311 U.S. 464 (1940)...... 863 Stop The Beach Renourishment, Inc. v. Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection, 560 U.S. ___, No. 08–1151, slip op. (2010)...... 1594 Storaasli v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 57 (1931)...... 2113 Storer v. Brown, 415 U.S. 724 (1974)...... 131, 769, 1188, 2189–91 2754 TABLE OF CASES

Stoughton v. Baker, 4 Mass. 521 (1808)...... 421 Stoutenburgh v. Hennick, 129 U.S. 141 (1889)...... 180, 374, 2378 Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293 (1967)...... 771–72, 1684–85, 2026 Strassheim v. Daily, 221 U.S. 280 (1911)...... 978–79 Stratton’s Independence, Ltd. v. Howbert, 231 U.S. 399 (1913)...... 2260 Strauder v. West Virginia, 100 U.S. 303 (1880)...... 917–18, 1637, 2121–22, 2137, 2228, 2373 Straus v. Foxworth, 231 U.S. 162 (1913)...... 1838, 1919 Strawbridge v. Curtiss, 7 U.S. (3 Cr.) 267 (1806)...... 856–57, 2603 Street v. New York, 394 U.S. 576 (1969)...... 1292, 1358, 2472 Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984)...... 1668, 1671–76, 1749, 2034 Strickler v. Greene, 527 U.S. 263 (1999)...... 2033–34 Strickley v. Highland Boy Mining Co., 200 U.S. 527 (1906)...... 1584 Stringer v. Black, 503 U.S. 222 1992)...... 911, 1747 Stroble v. California, 343 U.S. 181 (1952)...... 2028 Stromberg v. California, 283 U.S. 359 (1931)...... 1064, 1143, 1159, 1292, 1357, 2425 Stroud v. United States, 251 U.S. 15 (1919)...... 1498 Strunk v. United States, 412 U.S. 434 (1973)...... 1620 Stuart v. Laird, 5 U.S. (1 Cr.) 299 (1803)...... 666 Stump v. Sparkman, 437 U.S. 349 (1978)...... 692 Sturges & Burn v. Beauchamp, 231 U.S. 320 (1913)...... 1852 Sturges v. Crowninshield, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 122 (1819)...... 234, 322, 413, 419, 432, 794, 2362 Sugarman v. Dougall, 413 U.S. 634 (1973)...... 315, 317, 2092, 2159–62, 2484 Sugarman v. United States, 249 U.S. 182 (1919)...... 366 Sugg v. Thornton, 132 U.S. 524 (1889)...... 1988 Suitum v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 520 U.S. 725 (1997)...... 1610 Sullivan v. Kidd, 254 U.S. 433 (1921)...... 527 Sullivan v. Little Hunting Park, 396 U.S. 229 (1969)...... 746, 892, 1818–19 Sullivan v. Louisiana, 508 U.S. 275 (1993)...... 1628, 2035 Sullivan v. United States, 395 U.S. 169 (1969)...... 354 Sully v. American Nat’l Bank, 178 U.S. 289 (1900)...... 2083 Summers v. Cenarrusa, 413 U.S. 906 (1973)...... 2195 Summers v. Earth Island Institute, 129 S. Ct. 1142 (2009)...... 737, 740, 742 Summit Health, Ltd. v. Pinhas, 500 U.S. 322 (1991)...... 180, 199, 223 Sumner v. Mata, 449 U.S. 539 (1981)...... 907 Sumner v. Mata, 455 U.S. 591 (1982)...... 907 Sumner v. Shuman, 483 U.S. 66 (1987)...... 1726, 1728, 2512 Sun Oil Co. v. Wortman, 486 U.S. 717 (1988)...... 931 Sun Oil v. Dalzell Towing Co., 287 U.S. 291 (1932)...... 824 Sun Printing & Pub. Ass’n v. Edwards, 194 U.S. 377 (1904)...... 856 Sun Ship v. Pennsylvania, 447 U.S. 715 (1980)...... 831 Sunday Lake Iron Co. v. Wakeﬁeld, 247 U.S. 350 (1918)...... 2109 Sunshine Anthracite Coal Co. v. Adkins, 310 U.S. 381 (1940)...... 76, 91, 164, 179 Sununu v. Stark, 420 U.S. 958 (1975)...... 2207 Super Tire Engineering Co. v. McCorkle, 416 U.S. 115 (1974)...... 768–69 Superintendent v. Hill, 472 U.S. 445 (1985)...... 2055 Superior Court v. Washington ex rel. Yellow Cab, 361 U.S. 373 (1960)...... 2579 Supreme Court of New Hampshire v. Piper, 470 U.S. 274 (1985)...... 968, 972–73 Supreme Court of Virginia v. Consumers Union of the United States, 446 U.S. 719 (1980)...... 693 Supreme Court of Virginia v. Friedman, 487 U.S. 59 (1988)...... 973, 2513 Supreme Tribe of Ben-Hur v. Cauble, 255 U.S. 356 (1921)...... 857, 2606 Surplus Trading Co. v. Cook, 281 U.S. 647 (1930)...... 376, 378, 2424 Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus, 573 U.S. ___, No. 13–193, slip op. (2014)...... 741–42 TABLE OF CASES 2755

Susquehanna Power Co. v. Tax Comm’n (No. 1), 283 U.S. 291 (1931)...... 1039 Suter v. Artist M., 503 U.S. 347 (1992)...... 174 Sutherland v. Illinois, 418 U.S. 907 (1974)...... 1359 Sutton v. Leib, 342 U.S. 402 (1952)...... 947 Suydam v. Williamson, 65 U.S. (24 How.) 427 (1861)...... 2604 Swafford v. Templeton, 185 U.S. 487 (1902)...... 116 Swaim v. United States, 165 U.S. 553 (1897)...... 357, 504 Swain v. Alabama, 380 U.S. 202 (1965)...... 1644, 2078, 2138–39, 2613 Swain v. Pressley, 430 U.S. 372 (1977)...... 376, 680, 878 Swann v. Adams, 385 U.S. 440 (1967)...... 113, 2193–94, 2468 Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Bd. of Educ., 402 U.S. 1 (1971)...... 2127, 2130, 2133, 2145 Swanson v. Mara Brothers, 328 U.S. 1 (1946)...... 826 Swarthout v. Cooke, 562 U.S. ___, 10–333, slip op. (2011)...... 2059 Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629 (1950)...... 2123, 2446 Sweeney v. Woodall, 344 U.S. 86 (1952)...... 979 Sweet v. Rechel, 159 U.S. 380 (1895)...... 1582 Sweezy v. New Hampshire, 354 U.S. 234 (1957)...... 101, 1209 Swenson v. Bosler, 386 U.S. 258 (1967)...... 2216 Swenson v. Stidham, 409 U.S. 224 (1972)...... 1550 Swift & Co. Packers v. Compania Columbiana Del Caribe, 339 U.S. 684 (1950)...... 821 Swift & Co. v. United States, 196 U.S. 375 (1905)...... 179–80, 199–201 Swift & Co. v. Wickham, 382 U.S. 111 (1965)...... 271, 898, 2609 Swift v. McPherson, 232 U.S. 51 (1914)...... 962 Swift v. Tyson, 41 U.S. (16 Pet.) 1 (1842)...... 859–64, 2606 Swisher v. Brady, 438 U.S. 204 (1978)...... 1485 Sykes v. United States, 564 U.S. 1 (2011)...... 2020, 2615 Synar v. United States, 626 F. Supp. 1374 (D.D.C. 1986)...... 93 T Tafflin v. Levitt, 493 U.S. 455 (1990)...... 888 Taft v. Bowers, 278 U.S. 470 (1929)...... 2266 Tagg Bros. & Moorhead v. United States, 280 U.S. 420 (1930)...... 84 Tague v. Louisiana, 444 U.S. 469 (1980)...... 1544 Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 535 U.S. 302 (2002)...... 1590, 1601–02, 1604–05, 1608–09 Takahashi v. Fish & Game Comm’n, 334 U.S. 410 (1948)... 315, 317, 528, 2157–58, 2444, 2575 Talbot v. Seeman, 5 U.S. (1 Cr.) 1 (1801)...... 347 Talley v. California, 362 U.S. 60 (1960)...... 815, 1352–53, 2549 Tameling v. United States Freehold & Immigration Co., 93 U.S. 644 (1877)...... 988 Tampa Interocean Steamship Co. v. Louisiana, 266 U.S. 594 (1925)...... 2409 Tancil v. Woolls, 379 U.S. 19 (1964)...... 2144, 2464 Tank Truck Rentals v. Commissioner, 356 U.S. 30 (1958)...... 2269 Tanner v. Little, 240 U.S. 369 (1916)...... 1877 Tarble’s Case, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 397 (1872)...... 893 Tashjian v. Republican Party of Connecticut, 479 U.S. 208 (1986)...... 1189, 2186, 2511 Tate v. Short, 401 U.S. 395 (1971)...... 1065, 1713, 2094, 2218, 2475 Tax Comm’rs v. Jackson, 283 U.S. 527 (1931)...... 2103–04 Tayloe v. Thompson, 30 U.S. (5 Pet.) 358 (1831)...... 373 Taylor and Marshall v. Beckham (No. 1), 178 U.S. 548 (1900)...... 1838 Taylor v. Alabama, 457 U.S. 687 (1982)...... 1392, 1462, 1546 Taylor v. Beckham, 178 U.S. 548 (1900)...... 780 Taylor v. Carryl, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 583 (1858)...... 826–27 Taylor v. Georgia, 315 U.S. 25 (1942)...... 1821, 2439 Taylor v. Hayes, 418 U.S. 488 (1974)...... 701, 705, 2028 2756 TABLE OF CASES

Taylor v. Illinois, 484 U.S. 400 (1988)...... 1659 Taylor v. Kentucky, 436 U.S. 478 (1978)...... 2016, 2029, 2035 Taylor v. Louisiana, 370 U.S. 154 (1962)...... 2036 Taylor v. Louisiana, 419 U.S. 522 (1975)...... 1638–39, 2036, 2137, 2167, 2488, 2611 Taylor v. Mississippi, 319 U.S. 583 (1943)...... 1127, 1197, 2439 Taylor v. Morton, 23 Fed. Cas. 784 (No. 13,799) (C.C.D. Mass 1855)...... 531, 545 Taylor v. St. Vincent’s Hosp., 369 F. Supp. 948 (D. Mont. 1973)...... 878 Taylor v. Sturgell, 553 U.S. ___, No. 07–371 (2008)...... 1504 Taylor v. Taintor, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 366 (1873)...... 978–79 Taylor v. United States, 207 U.S. 120 (1907)...... 1485 Taylor v. United States, 286 U.S. 1 (1932)...... 1438 Taylor v. United States, 579 U.S. ___, No. 14–6166, slip op. (2016)...... 227, 231 Taylor v. Ypsilanti, 105 U.S. 60 (1882)...... 411 Teague v. Lane, 489 U.S. 288 (1989)...... 773–74, 911, 1746–47 Teamsters Union Local 174 v. Lucas Flour Co., 369 U.S. 95 (1962)...... 810 Teamsters Union v. Oliver, 358 U.S. 283 (1959)...... 291, 2578 Tehan v. United States ex rel. Shott, 382 U.S. 406 (1966)...... 772, 1507 Teitel Film Corp. v. Cusack, 390 U.S. 139 (1968)...... 1154, 2550 Telegraph Co. v. Texas, 105 U.S. 460 (1882)...... 1042 Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd., 551 U.S. 308 (2007)...... 1702 Temple v. Commonwealth, 75 Va. 892 (1881)...... 1509 Tenet v. Doe, 544 U.S. 1 (2005)...... 591 Tennant v. Peoria & Pekin Union Ry., 321 U.S. 29 (1944)...... 1704 Tennard v. Dretke, 542 U.S. 274 (2004)...... 1740 Tennessee Coal Co. v. George, 233 U.S. 354 (1914)...... 2393 Tennessee Electric Power Co. v. TVA, 306 U.S. 118 (1939)...... 736, 754, 842, 1762 Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Ass’n v. Brentwood Academy, 551 U.S. 291 (2007)...... 1174, 1184, 1221, 1268 Tennessee Student Assistance Corp. v. Hood, 541 U.S. 440 (2004)...... 1792 Tennessee v. Davis, 100 U.S. 257 (1880)...... 383, 808, 917 Tennessee v. Garner, 471 U.S. 1 (1985)...... 1390 Tennessee v. Lane, 541 U.S. 509 (2004)...... 2239 Tennessee v. Sneed, 96 U.S. 69 (1877)...... 435 Tennessee v. Street, 471 U.S. 409 (1985)...... 1652 Tennessee v. Whitworth, 117 U.S. 139 (1886)...... 427 Tenney v. Brandhove, 341 U.S. 367 (1951)...... 102, 139, 143 Terlinden v. Ames, 184 U.S. 270 (1902)...... 610, 781 Terminal Ass’n v. Trainmen, 318 U.S. 1 (1943)...... 247 Terminiello v. City of Chicago, 337 U.S. 1 (1949)...... 804, 1159, 1291, 1344, 2546 Terrace v. Thompson, 263 U.S. 197 (1923)...... 528, 901, 1804, 1838, 2158 Terral v. Burke Constr. Co., 257 U.S. 529 (1922)...... 858, 2405, 2605 Terrett v. Taylor, 13 U.S. (9 Cr.) 43 (1815)...... 422, 2362 Territory of Guam v. Olsen, 431 U.S. 195 (1977)...... 680, 886 Terry v. Adams, 345 U.S. 461 (1953)...... 2019, 2067, 2076, 2246, 2248–49 Terry v. Anderson, 95 U.S. 628 (1877)...... 435 Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968)...... 1380, 1385, 1387, 1390, 1404, 1413–17, 1419–21, 1429–31, 1435, 1460 Testa v. Katt, 330 U.S. 386 (1947)...... 892, 1021 Texaco v. Short, 454 U.S. 516 (1982)...... 1600, 1890 Texas & N.L.R. Co. v. Brotherhood of Railway Clerks, 281 U.S. 548 (1930)...... 207 Texas & N.O.R.R. v. Miller, 221 U.S. 408 (1911)...... 953 Texas & Pac. Ry. v. Southern Paciﬁc Co., 137 U.S. 48 (1890)...... 933 Texas & Paciﬁc Ry. Co. v. United States, 286 U.S. 285 (1932)...... 2265 TABLE OF CASES 2757

Texas & Paciﬁc Ry. v. Rigsby, 241 U.S. 33 (1916)...... 195, 810 Texas Ass’n of Concerned Taxpayers v. United States, 772 F.2d 163 (5th Cir. 1985)...... 148 Texas Bd. of Barber Examiners v. Bolton, 409 U.S. 807 (1972)...... 2481 Texas Co. v. Brown, 258 U.S. 466 (1922)...... 2406 Texas Industries v. Radcliff Materials, 451 U.S. 630 (1981)...... 811 Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock, 489 U.S. 1 (1989)...... 1110, 1122, 2514 Texas Transp. Co. v. New Orleans, 264 U.S. 150 (1924)...... 2409, 2541 Texas v. Brown, 460 U.S. 730 (1983)...... 1430, 1438 Texas v. Cobb, 532 U.S. 162 (2001)...... 1681 Texas v. Florida, 306 U.S. 398 (1939)...... 846–47, 1910 Texas v. ICC, 258 U.S. 158 (1922)...... 757 Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989)...... 1317, 1359–60, 2516 Texas v. KVUE–TV, 465 U.S. 1092 (1984)...... 2590 Texas v. McCullough, 475 U.S. 134 (1986)...... 2049 Texas v. New Jersey, 379 U.S. 674 (1965)...... 846, 2004 Texas v. New Mexico, 462 U.S. 554 (1983)...... 451, 845, 872 Texas v. New Mexico, 482 U.S. 124 (1987)...... 451 Texas v. Pruett, 414 U.S. 802 (1973)...... 2485 Texas v. United States, 384 U.S. 155 (1966)...... 2467 Texas v. United States, 523 U.S. 296 (1998)...... 763 Texas v. White, 423 U.S. 67 (1975)...... 1381 Texas v. White, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 700 (1869)...... 371, 780, 992, 1381, 1388, 1431, 2604 Textile Workers of America v. Lincoln Mills, 353 U.S. 448 (1957)...... 810, 814, 1022 Thaler v. Haynes, 559 U.S. ___, No. 09–273, slip op. (2010)...... 2140 Thames & Mersey Marine Ins. Co. v. United States, 237 U.S. 19 (1915)...... 398, 2318 The Abby Dodge, 223 U.S. 166 (1912)...... 214 The Alicia, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 571 (1869)...... 2312 The Antelope, 23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 66 (1825)...... 951 The Aurora, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 94 (1816)...... 824 The Belfast, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 624 (1869)...... 829, 2561, 2604 The Binghamton Bridge, 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 51 (1866)...... 426, 2367 The Brig Ann, 13 U.S. (9 Cr.) 289 (1815)...... 826 The Brig Aurora, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 382 (1813)...... 81–82, 88 The Cherokee Tobacco, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 616 (1871)...... 531–32, 536, 546–47 The China, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 53 (1868)...... 829 The Chinese Exclusion Case, 130 U.S. 581 (1889)...... 531, 561, 1569 The City of Panama, 101 U.S. 453 (1880)...... 825 The City v. Lamson, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 477 (1870)...... 411 The Conﬁscation Cases, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 92 (1874)...... 152, 615, 1999 The Daniel Ball, 77 U.S. (10 Wall.) 557 (1871)...... 188, 822, 828 The Davis, 77 U.S. (10 Wall.) 15 (1870)...... 838 The Divina Pastora, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 52 (1819)...... 781 The Eagle, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 15 (1868)...... 828 The Fair v. Kohler Die & Specialty Co., 228 U.S. 22 (1913)...... 806 The Florida Star v. B.J.F., 491 U.S. 524 (1989)...... 1307, 2516 The Francis Wright, 105 U.S. 381 (1882)...... 875 The General Pinkney, 9 U.S. (5 Cr.) 281 (1809)...... 2274 The General Smith, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 438 (1819)...... 824, 829 The Genessee Chief, 53 U.S. (12 How.) 443 (1851)...... 2603 The Grapeshot, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 129 (1870)...... 824 The Hamilton, 207 U.S. 398 (1907)...... 189, 829 The Hampton, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 372 (1867)...... 365 The Harrisburg, 119 U.S. 199 (1886)...... 833, 2610 2758 TABLE OF CASES

The Healy v. Beer Institute, 491 U.S. 324 (1989)...... 2515 The Hine v. Trevor, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 555 (1867)...... 827, 2560 The Japanese Immigrant Case (Yamataya v. Fisher), 189 U.S. 86 (1903)...... 313, 1560 The Justices v. Murray, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 274 (1870)...... 1693, 1705, 2312 The Kansas Indians, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 737 (1867)...... 1044, 2561 The Late Corporation of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints v. United States, 136 U.S. 1 (1890)...... 1125 The Laura, 114 U.S. 411 (1885)...... 521 The Lottawanna, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 558 (1875)...... 189, 821, 829 The Magnolia, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 296 (1857)...... 828 The Marianna Flora, 24 U.S. (11 Wheat.) 1 (1826)...... 343 The Mayor v. Cooper, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 247 (1868)...... 688, 808, 878 The Minnesota Rate Cases (Simpson v. Shepard), 230 U.S. 352 (1913)...... 244, 246 The Montello, 87 U.S. (20 Wall.) 430 (1874)...... 828 The Moses Taylor, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 411 (1867)...... 808, 827, 2560 The New York Indians, 72 U.S. (5 Wall.) 761 (1867)...... 1044, 2561 The Octavig, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 20 (1816)...... 820 The Orleans v. Phoebus, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 175 (1837)...... 2603 The Osceola, 189 U.S. 158 (1903)...... 829, 832 The Paquete Habana, 175 U.S. 677, 700 (1900)...... 365 The People’s Ferry Co. v. Joseph Beers, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 393 (1858)...... 825 The Pietro Campanella, 73 F. Supp. 18 (D. Md. 1947)...... 2227 The Plymouth, 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 20 (1865)...... 825 The Pocket Veto Case, 279 U.S. 655 (1929)...... 150–52 The Protector, 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 700 (1872)...... 349 The Raithmoor, 241 U.S. 166 (1916)...... 825 The Roanoke, 189 U.S. 185 (1903)...... 2384 The Robert W. Parsons, 191 U.S. 17 (1903)...... 822, 828, 2385 The Samuel, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 9 (1816)...... 820, 827 The Sapphire, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 164 (1871)...... 868 The Sarah, 21 U.S. (8 Wheat.) 391 (1823)...... 826 The Schooner Betsy, 8 U.S. (4 Cr.) 443 (1808)...... 820, 827 The Schooner Catherine v. Dickinson, 58 U.S. (17 How.) 170 (1854)...... 2611 The Schooner Exchange v. McFaddon, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 116 (1812)...... 867 The Schooner Sally, 6 U.S. (2 Cr.) 406 (1805)...... 820, 826–27 The Seneca, 21 Fed. Cas. 1801 (No. 12670) C.C.E.D. Pa. 1829)...... 820 The Siren, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 389 (1871)...... 365, 826, 838 The Steamboat New York v. Rea, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 223 (1856)...... 829 The Steamboat Orleans v. Phoebus, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 175 (1837)...... 824 The Steamboat Thomas Jefferson, 23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 428 (1825)...... 828, 2603 The Steamer St. Lawrence, 66 U.S. (1 Bl.) 522 (1862)...... 829 The Tilton, 23 Fed. Cas. 1277 (No. 14054) (C.C.D. Mass. 1830)...... 824 The Tungus v. Skovgaard, 358 U.S. 588 (1959)...... 834 The Vengeance, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 297 (1796)...... 820, 826–27 The Virginia Coupon Cases, 114 U.S. 269 (1885)...... 1785 The Washington University v. Rouse, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 439 (1869)...... 430, 2368 The Whelan, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 112 (1812)...... 827 The Yosemite Valley Case, 82 U.S. (15 Wall.) 77 (1873)...... 989 The “City of Panama” 101 U.S. 453 (1880)...... 991 Theard v. United States, 354 U.S. 278 (1957)...... 723 Thibaut v. Car and General Ins. Corp., 332 U.S. 751 (1947)...... 2607 Thibaut v. Car and General Ins. Corp., 332 U.S. 828 (1947)...... 2607 Thiel v. Southern Paciﬁc Co., 328 U.S. 217 (1946)...... 1567, 1638 TABLE OF CASES 2759

Thigpen v. Roberts, 468 U.S. 27 (1984)...... 2045 Thirty Hogsheads of Sugar v. Boyle, 13 U.S. (9 Cr.) 191 (1815)...... 826 Thomas v. Arizona, 356 U.S. 390 (1958)...... 1532 Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140 (1985)...... 720 Thomas v. Board of Trustees, 195 U.S. 207 (1904)...... 858 Thomas v. Chicago Park Dist., 534 U.S. 316 (2002)...... 1334 Thomas v. Collins, 323 U.S. 516 (1945)...... 1169, 1211, 1346, 1364, 2441 Thomas v. Gay, 169 U.S. 264 (1898)...... 546 Thomas v. Kansas City So. Ry., 261 U.S. 481 (1923)...... 2110, 2408 Thomas v. Review Bd., 450 U.S. 707 (1981)...... 1121, 1129 Thomas v. Union Carbide Agric. Products Co., 473 U.S. 568 (1985)...... 69–70, 675, 683–85 Thomas v. United States, 192 U.S. 363 (1904)...... 395 Thomas v. Washington Gas Light Co., 448 U.S. 261 (1980)...... 962 Thompson v. City of Louisville, 362 U.S. 199 (1960)...... 815, 2036 Thompson v. Consolidated Gas Co., 300 U.S. 55 (1937)...... 1883–84 Thompson v. Darden, 198 U.S. 310 (1905)...... 399 Thompson v. Lessee of Carroll, 63 U.S. (22 How.) 422 (1860)...... 374 Thompson v. Louisville, 362 U.S. 199 (1960)...... 1751, 2036 Thompson v. Missouri, 171 U.S. 380 (1898)...... 409 Thompson v. Oklahoma, 429 U.S. 1053 (1977)...... 1504, 1742, 1744, 2063, 2514 Thompson v. Oklahoma, 487 U.S. 815 (1988)...... 1742, 2063, 2514 Thompson v. Railroad Companies, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 134 (1868)...... 1698 Thompson v. Thompson, 226 U.S. 551 (1913)...... 2608 Thompson v. Thompson, 484 U.S. 174 (1988)...... 810, 2608 Thompson v. United States, 142 U.S. 471 (1892)...... 398 Thompson v. United States, 155 U.S. 271 (1884)...... 1486 Thompson v. Utah, 170 U.S. 343 (1898)...... 409, 1625–26, 2382, 2610, 2613 Thompson v. Western States Medical Center, 535 U.S. 357 (2002)... 1172–73, 1271, 1275, 2355 Thompson v. Whitman, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 457 (1874)...... 937–38 Thomson v. Lee County, 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 327 (1866)...... 411 Thomson v. Union Pac. R.R., 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 579 (1870)...... 192, 1039 Thorington v. Smith, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 1 (1869)...... 922, 2227 Thormann v. Frame, 176 U.S. 350 (1900)...... 957 Thornburg v. Gingles, 478 U.S. 30 (1986)...... 2203, 2247, 2254, 2592 Thornburgh v. Abbott, 490 U.S. 401 (1989)...... 1255, 2613 Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 476 U.S. 747 (1986)...... 1932–33, 1936, 2510, 2613 Thornhill v. Alabama, 310 U.S. 88 (1940)...... 748, 1159–60, 1342–43, 2019, 2437 Thornton v. Duffy, 254 U.S. 361 (1920)...... 1855 Thornton v. United States, 271 U.S. 414 (1926)...... 1771 Thornton v. United States, 541 U.S. 615 (2004)...... 1430 Thorpe v. Housing Authority, 393 U.S. 268 (1969)...... 421 Thorpe v. Rutland & Burlington R.R., 27 Vt. 140 (1854)...... 425 Three Affiliated Tribes v. Wold Engineering, 467 U.S. 138 (1984)...... 297 Three Affiliated Tribes v. Wold Engineering, 476 U.S. 877 (1986)...... 297, 2591 Tibbs v. Florida, 457 U.S. 31 (1982)...... 1495, 1497 Tidal Oil Co. v. Flannagan, 263 U.S. 444 (1924)...... 410, 413 Tiernan v. Rinker, 102 U.S. 123 (1880)...... 2373 Tiffany v. National Bank of Missouri, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 409 (1873)...... 94 Tigner v. Texas, 310 U.S. 141 (1940)...... 2085, 2087, 2117, 2606 Tileston v. Ullman, 318 U.S. 44 (1943)...... 731, 745 Tilghman v. Proctor, 102 U.S. 707 (1880)...... 2604 Tiller v. Atlantic Coast Line R.R., 318 U.S. 54 (1943)...... 1703 2760 TABLE OF CASES

Tillman v. Wheaton-Haven Recreation Ass’n, 410 U.S. 431 (1973)...... 1819 Tilt v. Kelsey, 207 U.S. 43 (1907)...... 949–50 Tilton v. Richardson, 403 U.S. 672 (1971)...... 169, 1075, 1086, 1098–99, 2336 Time, Inc. v. Firestone, 424 U.S. 448 (1976)...... 1301–02 Time, Inc. v. Hill, 385 U.S. 374 (1967)...... 1155, 1300, 1306 Time, Inc. v. Pape, 401 U.S. 279 (1971)...... 1298, 1549, 1705 Times Film Corp. v. City of Chicago, 365 U.S. 43 (1961)...... 1153 Timmons v. Twin City Area New Party, 520 U.S. 351 (1997)...... 1230 Tindal v. Wesley, 167 U.S. 204 (1897)...... 1800, 1804, 1809 Tinker v. Des Moines Indep. Community School Dist., 393 U.S. 503 (1969).. 1224–25, 1227–28, 1332, 1924 Tinsley v. Treat, 205 U.S. 20 (1907)...... 1646 Tison v. Arizona, 481 U.S. 137 (1987)...... 1721, 1739 Titus v. Wallick, 306 U.S. 282 (1939)...... 934 Tobacco Institute v. FCC, 396 U.S. 842 (1969)...... 85 Tobin v. United States, 306 F.2d 270 (D.C. Cir. 1962)...... 103 Todok v. Union State Bank, 281 U.S. 449 (1930)...... 528 Toilet Goods Ass’n, Inc. v. Gardner, 387 U.S. 158 (1967)...... 764 Toledo Newspaper Co. v. United States, 247 U.S. 402 (1918)...... 698–99, 703, 1161, 2606 Toll v. Moreno, 458 U.S. 1 (1982)...... 315, 2157 Tollett v. Henderson, 411 U.S. 258 (1973)...... 1671, 2044 Tompkins v. Erie Railroad, 98 F.2d 49 (3d Cir. 1938)...... 861 Tompkins v. Missouri, 323 U.S. 485 (1945)...... 1663 Tonawanda v. Lyon, 181 U.S. 389 (1901)...... 1896, 1917 Tony and Susan Alamo Found. v. Secretary of Labor, 471 U.S. 290 (1985)...... 1131 Toolson v. New York Yankees, 346 U.S. 356 (1953)...... 178 Toomer v. Witsell, 334 U.S. 385 (1948)...... 965, 971–72, 1886, 2444 Torcaso v. Watkins, 367 U.S. 488 (1961)...... 1080, 1120, 1138, 1176, 2457 Torres v. Puerto Rico, 442 U.S. 465 (1979)...... 990, 1463–64 Tot v. United States, 319 U.S. 463 (1943)...... 2039, 2328 Toth v. Quarles, 350 U.S. 11 (1955)...... 2330 Totten v. United States, 92 U.S. 105 (1876)...... 504, 591 Touby v. United States, 500 U.S. 160 (1991)...... 79, 93–94 Toucey v. N.Y. Life Ins. Co., 314 U.S. 118 (1941)...... 2606 Toucey v. New York Life Ins. Co., 314 U.S. 118 (1941)...... 888, 896 Town of Castle Rock v. Gonzales, 545 U.S. 748 (2005)...... 1972 Town of Concord v. Savings-Bank, 92 U.S. 625 (1875)...... 2604 Town of Greece v. Galloway, 572 U.S. ___, No. 12–696, slip op. (2014)...... 1105, 1114 Town of Newton v. Rumery, 480 U.S. 386 (1987)...... 2044 Town of Southampton v. Troyer, 449 U.S. 988 (1980)...... 2552 Townsend v. Burke, 334 U.S. 736 (1948)...... 1664, 1686, 2046 Townsend v. Jemison, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 407 (1850)...... 931 Townsend v. Sain, 372 U.S. 293 (1963)...... 907–08, 911–12, 1531, 2613 Townsend v. Swank, 404 U.S. 282 (1971)...... 2584 Townsend v. Yeomans, 301 U.S. 441 (1937)...... 1860 Toyota v. United States, 268 U.S. 402 (1925)...... 302 Trade-Mark Cases, 100 U.S. 82 (1879)...... 179, 331, 341, 2314 Trafficante v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 409 U.S. 205 (1972)...... 737, 745 Train v. Campaign Clean Water, 420 U.S. 136 (1975)...... 617 Train v. City of New York, 420 U.S. 35 (1975)...... 617 Trainor v. Hernandez, 431 U.S. 434 (1977)...... 893, 904 Trammel v. United States, 445 U.S. 40 (1980)...... 2612 TABLE OF CASES 2761

Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp. v. Mississippi Oil & Gas Bd., 474 U.S. 409 (1986)...... 284 Transportation Co. v. City of Chicago, 99 U.S. 635 (1879)...... 248 Transportation Co. v. Parkersburg, 107 U.S. 691 (1883)...... 186, 239, 446 Transportation Co. v. Wheeling, 99 U.S. 273 (1879)...... 446 Transportation Line v. Hope, 95 U.S. 297 (1877)...... 1701 Travelers Health Ass’n v. Virginia ex rel. State Corp. Comm., 339 U.S. 643 (1950)...... 1986, 1992, 2005 Travellers’ Ins. Co. v. Connecticut, 185 U.S. 364 (1902)...... 977 Travis v. Yale & Towne Mfg. Co., 252 U.S. 60 (1920)..... 968, 975, 1898, 1912, 1918, 2107, 2402 Treat Mfg. Co. v. Standard Steel & Iron Co., 157 U.S. 674 (1895)...... 1701 Treat v. White, 181 U.S. 264 (1901)...... 1572 Trebilcock v. Wilson, 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 687 (1871)...... 2604 Treen v. Karen B., 455 U.S. 913 (1982)...... 2502 Tregea v. Modesto Irrigation District, 164 U.S. 179 (1896)...... 727 Treichler v. Wisconsin, 338 U.S. 251 (1949)...... 1907, 2446 Treigle v. Acme Homestead Ass’n, 297 U.S. 189 (1936)...... 1840, 2432 Treines v. Sunshine Mining Co., 308 U.S. 66 (1939)...... 1805 Trevino v. Texas, 503 U.S. 562 (1992)...... 1644, 2139 Trimble v. Gordon, 430 U.S. 762 (1977)...... 2092, 2176–79, 2493 Trinityfarm Const. Co. v. Grosjean, 291 U.S. 466 (1934)...... 1037 Trinova Corp. v. Michigan Dep’t of Treasury, 498 U.S. 358 (1991)...... 1901 Triplett v. Lowell, 297 U.S. 638 (1936)...... 2610 Trono v. United States, 199 U.S. 521 (1905)...... 1496 Trop v. Dulles, 356 U.S. 86 (1958)...... 311, 800, 1715–16, 1719, 1735, 1744, 2328–29 Troxel v. Granville, 530 U.S. 57 (2000)...... 1763, 1954, 2525 Truax v. Corrigan, 257 U.S. 312 (1921)...... 1567, 1856–57, 2405 Truax v. Raich, 239 U.S. 33 (1915)...... 1804, 2157–58, 2160, 2397 Trupiano v. United States, 334 U.S. 699 (1948)...... 1380, 1424, 2608 Trusler v. Crooks, 269 U.S. 475 (1926)...... 1770, 2323 Trustees for Vincennes University v. Indiana, 55 U.S. (14 How.) 268 (1853)...... 2365 Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 518 (1819)...... 1552 Tua v. Carriere, 117 U.S. 201 (1886)...... 322 Tucker v. Alexandroff, 183 U.S. 424 (1902)...... 554 Tucker v. Salera, 424 U.S. 959 (1976)...... 2490 Tucker v. Texas, 326 U.S. 517 (1946)...... 2442 Tuggle v. Netherland, 516 U.S. 10 (1995)...... 1732 Tugwell v. Bush, 367 U.S. 907 (1961)...... 2457 Tuilaepa v. California, 512 U.S. 967 (1994)...... 1725 Tulee v. Washington, 315 U.S. 681 (1942)...... 987, 2573 Tull v. United States, 481 U.S. 412 (1987)...... 1696 Tulsa Professional Collection Servs. v. Pope, 485 U.S. 478 (1988)...... 1982, 2005 Tumey v. Ohio, 273 U.S. 510 (1927)...... 1063, 1962–63, 2027, 2416 Turman v. Duckworth, 329 U.S. 675 (1946)...... 2609 Turner Broadcasting System v. FCC, 512 U.S. 622 (1994)...... 1174, 1210, 1283–84, 1287 Turner Broadcasting System v. FCC, 520 U.S. 180 (1997)...... 1284 Turner v. Arkansas, 407 U.S. 366 (1972)...... 1504 Turner v. Bank of North America, 4 U.S. (4 Dall.) 8 (1799)...... 688, 858, 873, 876 Turner v. City of Memphis, 369 U.S. 350 (1962)...... 761, 2143–44, 2458 Turner v. Department of Employment Security, 423 U.S. 44 (1975)...... 2015, 2175, 2490 Turner v. Fouche, 396 U.S. 346 (1970)...... 744, 2138, 2187, 2473 Turner v. Louisiana, 379 U.S. 466 (1965)...... 1065, 1637–38, 1640 Turner v. Maryland, 107 U.S. 38 (1883)...... 445 2762 TABLE OF CASES

Turner v. Murray, 476 U.S. 28 (1986)...... 1643, 1745 Turner v. New York, 168 U.S. 90 (1897)...... 2010 Turner v. Pennsylvania, 338 U.S. 62 (1949)...... 1530, 1533 Turner v. Rogers, 564 U.S. ___, No. 10–10, slip op. (2011)...... 1967 Turner v. Safley, 482 U.S. 78 (1987)...... 1133, 1254–56, 2053 Turner v. United States, 396 U.S. 398 (1970)...... 1515, 2040, 2320 Turner v. Wade, 254 U.S. 64 (1920)...... 2403 Turpin v. Burgess, 117 U.S. 504 (1886)...... 397, 399 Turpin v. Lemon, 187 U.S. 51 (1902)...... 1915 Tutun v. United States, 270 U.S. 568 (1926)...... 729 Twin City National Bank v. Nebeker, 167 U.S. 196 (1897)...... 148, 781 Twining v. New Jersey, 211 U.S. 78 (1908)...... 1060, 1062, 1507, 1516, 1556, 1833–34, 1960, 1977, 2017, 2609 Twitchell v. Commonwealth, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 321 (1869)...... 1059, 1615 Two Guys from Harrison-Allentown v. McGinley, 366 U.S. 582 (1961)...... 1111, 2115 TXO Corp. v. Alliance Resources, 509 U.S. 443 (1993)...... 2009 Tyee Realty Co. v. Anderson, 240 U.S. 115 (1916)...... 2260 Tyler Pipe Indus. v. Washington State Dep’t of Revenue, 483 U.S. 232 (1987)...... 237, 239, 252–54, 257, 2512 Tyler v. Defrees, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 331 (1871)...... 371 Tyler v. Judges of Court of Registration, 179 U.S. 405 (1900)...... 1838, 1998, 2001 Tyler v. Maguire, 84 U.S. (17 Wall.) 253 (1873)...... 889 Tyler v. United States, 281 U.S. 497 (1930)...... 396, 1574 Tyson & Bro. v. Banton, 273 U.S. 418 (1927)...... 1860–61, 2416, 2609 U U.S. Bancorp Mortgage Co. v. Bonner Mall Partnership, 513 U.S. 18 (1994)...... 766 U.S. Department of Commerce v. Montana, 503 U.S. 442 (1992)...... 124 U.S. Express Co. v. City of New York, 232 U.S. 35 (1914)...... 2539 U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton, 514 U.S. 779 (1995)...... 117, 120, 131, 2521 UAW v. WERB, 336 U.S. 245 (1949)...... 1822, 1858, 2611 Ughbanks v. Armstrong, 208 U.S. 481 (1908)...... 2046, 2057, 2120 Uhler v. AFL–CIO, 468 U.S. 1310 (1984)...... 1014 Uihlein v. Wisconsin, 273 U.S. 642 (1926)...... 2413 Ullmann v. United States, 350 U.S. 422 (1956)...... 1020, 1507–08, 1516, 1518 Ulster County Court v. Allen, 442 U.S. 140 (1979)...... 2035, 2040 UMW v. Pennington, 381 U.S. 657 (1965)...... 1247 Underhill v. Hernandez, 168 U.S. 250 (1897)...... 611, 781 Underwood Typewriter Co. v. Chamberlain, 254 U.S. 113 (1920)...... 1912 Underwriters Assur. Co. v. North Carolina Life Ins. Ass’n, 455 U.S. 691 (1982)...... 935 Ungar v. Sarafite, 376 U.S. 575 (1964)...... 2028 Uniformed Sanitation Men Ass’n v. Commissioner of Sanitation, 392 U.S. 280 (1968)...... 1512, 1519 Union Bridge Co. v. United States, 204 U.S. 364 (1907)...... 187 Union Brokerage Co. v. Jensen, 322 U.S. 202 (1944)...... 246, 274 Union Nat’l Bank v. Lamb, 337 U.S. 38 (1949)...... 934, 2445 Union Pac. R.R. v. Public Serv. Comm’n, 248 U.S. 67 (1918)...... 2401 Union Pac. Ry. v. McShane, 89 U.S. (22 Wall.) 444 (1874)...... 2604 Union Pacific R.R. v. Peniston, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 5 (1873)...... 1039 Union Tank Line Co. v. Wright, 249 U.S. 275 (1919)...... 1903, 2401 Union Transit Co. v. Kentucky, 199 U.S. 194 (1905)...... 1901–02, 1907, 2385 United Air Lines v. Mahin, 410 U.S. 623 (1973)...... 253 United Automobile Workers v. O’Brien, 339 U.S. 454 (1950)...... 291, 2576 United Automobile Workers v. Russell, 356 U.S. 634 (1958)...... 292 TABLE OF CASES 2763

United Automobile Workers v. WERB, 336 U.S. 245 (1949)...... 290, 292, 1822, 1858, 2611 United Building & Constr. Trades Council v. Mayor of Camden, 465 U.S. 208 (1984).. 968, 972 United Construction Workers v. Laburnum Constr. Corp., 347 U.S. 656 (1954)...... 292 United Fed’n of Postal Clerks v. Blount, 325 F. Supp. 879 (D.D.C. 1971)...... 575 United Fuel Gas Co. v. Hallanan, 257 U.S. 277 (1921)...... 196, 2404 United Gas Co. v. Railroad Comm’n, 278 U.S. 300 (1929)...... 1871 United Haulers Ass’n, Inc. v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Management Authority, 550 U.S. 330 (2007)...... 262–63 United Jewish Orgs. v. Carey, 430 U.S. 144 (1977)...... 2145–46 United Mine Workers v. Arkansas Flooring Co., 351 U.S. 62 (1956)...... 291 United Mine Workers v. Gibbs, 383 U.S. 715 (1966)...... 812–13 United Mine Workers v. Illinois State Bar Ass’n, 389 U.S. 217 (1967)...... 749, 801, 1184 United N.Y. & N.J. Sandy Hooks Pilot Ass’n v. Halecki, 358 U.S. 613 (1959)...... 834 United Public Workers v. Mitchell, 330 U.S. 75 (1947)... 574, 757, 759, 761–64, 1213, 1216–17, 1762 United Railways v. West, 280 U.S. 234 (1930)...... 1866, 2607 United State v. Stevens, 559 U.S. ___, No. 08–769, slip op (2010)...... 2355 United States Dep’t of Labor v. Triplett, 494 U.S. 715 (1990)...... 2008 United States ex rel. Hughes v. Gault, 271 U.S. 142 (1926)...... 1646 United States ex rel. Knauff v. Shaughnessy, 338 U.S. 537 (1950)...... 314, 317, 1560 United States ex rel. Milwaukee Social Democratic Pub. Co. v. Burleson, 255 U.S. 407 (1921)...... 328, 1142 United States ex rel. Radich v. Criminal Court, 459 F.2d 745 (2d Cir. 1972)...... 1358 United States ex rel. Randall v. United States Marshal, 143 F.2d 830 (2d Cir. 1944)...... 2274 United States ex rel. Toth v. Quarles, 350 U.S. 11 (1955)...... 358, 2330 United States ex rel. Turner v. Williams, 194 U.S. 279 (1904)...... 303, 313, 1616 United States ex rel. TVA v. Powelson, 319 U.S. 266 (1943)...... 1586–87, 1592 United States ex rel. TVA v. Welch, 327 U.S. 546 (1946)...... 1583 United States ex rel. Von Hoffman v. Quincy, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 535 (1867)...... 434–35, 2367 United States ex rel. Widenmann v. Colby, 265 F. 998 (D.C. Cir. 1920)...... 1010 United States ex rel. Wolff v. City of New Orleans, 103 U.S. 358 (1881)...... 2374 United States Mortgage Co. v. Matthews, 293 U.S. 232 (1934)...... 435 United States Parole Comm’n v. Geraghty, 445 U.S. 388 (1980)...... 735, 749, 765, 769–71 United States Postal Serv. v. Council of Greenburgh Civic Assn’s, 453 U.S. 114 (1981)...... 327, 329, 1333 United States Railroad Retirement Bd. v. Fritz, 449 U.S. 166 (1980).... 1203, 1580, 1970, 2085, 2088–89 United States Senate v. FTC, 463 U.S. 1216 (1983)...... 2343 United States Steel Corp. v. Multistate Tax Comm’n, 434 U.S. 452 (1978)...... 449 United States Trust Co. v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1 (1977)...... 440–41, 1577, 2493 United States v. 12 200–Ft. Reels of Film, 413 U.S. 123 (1973)...... 1317, 1320, 1946 United States v. 50 Acres of Land, 469 U.S. 24 (1984)...... 1587 United States v. 564.54 Acres of Land, 441 U.S. 506 (1979)...... 1587 United States v. Abel, 469 U.S. 45 (1984)...... 1180 United States v. Abilene & So. Ry., 265 U.S. 274 (1924)...... 1557 United States v. Acri, 348 U.S. 211 (1955)...... 866 United States v. Aczel, 219 F. 917 (D. Ind. 1915)...... 2272 United States v. Agurs, 427 U.S. 97 (1976)...... 1671, 2033 United States v. Alabama, 192 F. Supp. 677 (M.D. Ala. 1961)...... 2250 United States v. Alabama, 252 F. Supp. 95 (M.D. Ala. 1966)...... 2300 United States v. Alaska Steamship Co., 253 U.S. 113 (1920)...... 767 United States v. Albertini, 472 U.S. 675 (1985)...... 1210, 1336 United States v. Alcea Bank of Tillamooks, 329 U.S. 40 (1946)...... 300 2764 TABLE OF CASES

United States v. Allegheny County, 322 U.S. 174 (1944)...... 1037, 1040–41, 2440 United States v. Allocco, 305 F.2d 704 (2d Cir. 1962)...... 596, 599 United States v. Aluminum Co. of America, 148 F.2d 416 (2d. Cir. 1945)...... 768 United States v. Alvarez, 567 U.S. ___, No. 11–210, slip op. (2012)...... 1288, 1305, 2358 United States v. American Library Association, Inc., 539 U.S. 194 (2003)...... 1261, 1326, 1338 United States v. Apfelbaum, 445 U.S. 115 (1980)...... 1520 United States v. Appalachian Power Co., 311 U.S. 377 (1940)...... 190, 828, 1596 United States v. Arjona, 120 U.S. 479 (1887)...... 343 United States v. Arnold, Schwinn & Co., 388 U.S. 365 (1967)...... 2611 United States v. Arrendondo, 31 U.S. (6 Pet.) 691 (1832)...... 686 United States v. Arvizu, 534 U.S. 266 (2002)...... 1429, 1436 United States v. Ash, 413 U.S. 300 (1973)...... 1684, 2027 United States v. Augenblick, 393 U.S. 348 (1969)...... 358 United States v. Bagley, 473 U.S. 667 (1985)...... 2034 United States v. Bailey, 34 U.S. (9 Pet.) 238 (1835)...... 81, 890 United States v. Bajakajian, 524 U.S. 321 (1998)...... 1714, 2346 United States v. Ball, 163 U.S. 662 (1896)...... 1491, 1495 United States v. Ballard, 322 U.S. 78 (1944)...... 1079, 1176 United States v. Ballin, 144 U.S. 1 (1892)...... 133–34, 136, 782 United States v. Ballin, 144 U.S. 1, 5 (1892)...... 598 United States v. Balsys, 524 U.S. 666 (1998)...... 1517 United States v. Banks, 540 U.S. 31 (2003)...... 1411 United States v. Barnett, 346 F.2d 99 (5th Cir. 1965)...... 514, 702 United States v. Barnett, 376 U.S. 681 (1964)...... 702 United States v. Barnow, 239 U.S. 74 (1915)...... 380 United States v. Bass, 404 U.S. 336 (1971)...... 183, 220, 1369 United States v. Bass, 536 U.S. 862 (2002)...... 1745 United States v. Bathgate, 246 U.S. 220 (1918)...... 129, 2228 United States v. Bayer, 331 U.S. 532 (1947)...... 1532 United States v. Beebe, 127 U.S. 338 (1888)...... 835 United States v. Bekins, 304 U.S. 27 (1938)...... 319, 321 United States v. Belﬁeld, 692 F.2d 141 (D.C. Cir. 1982)...... 1453 United States v. Bell Telephone Co., 128 U.S. 315 (1888)...... 835 United States v. Belmont, 301 U.S. 324 (1937)...... 468, 558, 560–61, 781 United States v. Bennett, 232 U.S. 299 (1914)...... 1572 United States v. Benz, 282 U.S. 304 (1931)...... 517, 1497 United States v. Bevans, 16 U.S. (3 Wheat.) 336 (1818)...... 829 United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind, 261 U.S. 204 (1923)...... 302 United States v. Bisceglia, 420 U.S. 141 (1975)...... 1943 United States v. Biswell, 406 U.S. 311 (1972)...... 1393 United States v. Bitty, 208 U.S. 393 (1908)...... 875, 886 United States v. Bland, 283 U.S. 636 (1931)...... 1128, 2607 United States v. Blue, 384 U.S. 251 (1966)...... 1478 United States v. Board of Comm’rs of Sheffield, 435 U.S. 110 (1978)...... 2251 United States v. Booker, 5 M. J. 238 (C.M.A. 1977)...... 356 United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220 (2005)...... 1633–37, 2357 United States v. Boyd, 378 U.S. 39 (1964)...... 1037–38 United States v. Bramblett, 348 U.S. 503 (1955)...... 2614 United States v. Brand Jewelers, 318 F. Supp. 1293 (S.D.N.Y. 1970)...... 835 United States v. Brewster, 408 U.S. 501 (1972)...... 139, 142 United States v. Brig Malek Abhel, 43 U.S. (2 How.) 210 (1844)...... 343 United States v. Bright, 24 Fed. Cas. 1232 (C.C.D. Pa. 1809) (No. 14,647)...... 1782 United States v. Brignoni-Ponce, 422 U.S. 873 (1975)...... 1390, 1398, 1417, 1419, 1428, 1436 TABLE OF CASES 2765

United States v. Brittain, 319 F. Supp. 1658 (S.D.Ala. 1970)...... 835 United States v. Britton, 108 U.S. 199 (1883)...... 1616 United States v. Broce, 488 U.S. 563 (1989)...... 1501 United States v. Brooks, 911 F. Supp. 2d 836, 842 (D. Ariz. 2012)...... 1389 United States v. Brown, 381 U.S. 437 (1965)...... 360, 367, 387–90, 404, 1164, 2336 United States v. Bruins, 272 U.S. 549 (1926)...... 201 United States v. Bryan, 339 U.S. 323 (1950)...... 106, 1247 United States v. Bryant, 579 U.S. ___, No. 15–420, slip op. (2016)...... 1665, 2016 United States v. Buffalo Savings Bank, 371 U.S. 228 (1963)...... 1020, 2581 United States v. Burnett, 376 U.S. 681 (1964)...... 1630 United States v. Burns, 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 246 (1871)...... 338, 506 United States v. Burr, 25 F. Cas. 30 and 187 (C.C.D. Va. 1807)...... 589, 640, 921, 924–25 United States v. Burr, 8 U.S. (4 Cr.) 469, Appx. (1807)...... 921 United States v. Butenko, 494 F.2d 593 (3d Cir. 1974)...... 1452 United States v. Butler, 297 U.S. 1 (1936)...... 168–70, 204, 797, 800, 1770, 1897, 2325, 2327 United States v. Cabrales, 524 U.S. 1 (1998)...... 1646 United States v. Caceres, 440 U.S. 741 (1979)...... 1451 United States v. Calandra, 414 U.S. 338 (1974)...... 1461, 1464, 1475 United States v. California, 297 U.S. 175 (1936)...... 195, 215, 838, 986, 1023, 1026 United States v. California, 332 U.S. 19 (1947)...... 402, 838, 986, 2443 United States v. Caltex, Inc., 344 U.S. 149 (1952)...... 369, 1605 United States v. Cardiff, 344 U.S. 174 (1952)...... 2328 United States v. Carignan, 342 U.S. 36 (1951)...... 1527 United States v. Carll, 105 U.S. 611 (1882)...... 1647 United States v. Carlton, 512 U.S. 26 (1994)...... 1574 United States v. Carmack, 329 U.S. 230 (1946)...... 1580–81 United States v. Carolene Products Co., 304 U.S. 144 (1938)...... 185, 1169, 1569, 1770, 2112 United States v. Causby, 328 U.S. 256 (1946)...... 1595 United States v. Ceccolini, 435 U.S. 268 (1978)...... 1463 United States v. Central Eureka Mining Co., 357 U.S. 155 (1958)...... 1605 United States v. Chadwick, 433 U.S. 1 (1977)...... 1386, 1388, 1399, 1426, 1428 United States v. Chambers, 291 U.S. 217 (1934)...... 2274 United States v. Chandler-Dunbar Co., 229 U.S. 53 (1913)...... 187, 190, 1586, 1596 United States v. Chavez, 290 U.S. 357 (1933)...... 984 United States v. Chavez, 416 U.S. 562 (1974)...... 1451 United States v. Chemical Foundation, 272 U.S. 1 (1926)...... 88, 362, 365, 1586 United States v. Chicago, M., St. P. & P.R.R., 312 U.S. 592 (1941)...... 188, 2606 United States v. CIO, 335 U.S. 106 (1948)...... 1239 United States v. City of Detroit, 355 U.S. 466 (1958)...... 1041 United States v. City of Philadelphia, 644 F.2d 187 (3d Cir. 1980)...... 836 United States v. City of San Francisco, 310 U.S. 16 (1940)...... 989 United States v. Claiborne, 727 F.2d 842 (9th Cir. 1984)...... 654 United States v. Clarke, 33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 436 (1834)...... 838 United States v. Clarke, 445 U.S. 253 (1980)...... 1595 United States v. Classic, 313 U.S. 299 (1941)...... 116, 119, 129, 2069, 2228, 2230, 2246, 2249, 2320, 2606 United States v. Coe, 155 U.S. 76 (1894)...... 674 United States v. Commodities Trading Corp., 339 U.S. 121 (1950)...... 369, 1587 United States v. Commodore Park, Inc., 324 U.S. 386 (1945)...... 187, 1596 United States v. Comstock, 560 U.S. ___, No. 08–1224, slip op. (May 17, 2010)...... 381–82 United States v. Concentrated Phosphate Export Ass’n, 393 U.S. 199 (1969)...... 768 United States v. Constantine, 296 U.S. 287 (1935)...... 164–65, 1772, 2274, 2324 United States v. Cook, 84 U.S. (17 Wall.) 168 (1872)...... 1647 2766 TABLE OF CASES

United States v. Coolidge, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 415 (1816)...... 1616 United States v. Cooper, 4 U.S. (4 Dall.) 341 (C.C. Pa. 1800)...... 138, 1659 United States v. Cores, 356 U.S. 405 (1958)...... 1646 United States v. Cornell, 25 Fed. Cas. 646 (No. 14,867) (C.C.D.R.I. 1819)...... 378 United States v. Cors, 337 U.S. 325 (1949)...... 369, 1586, 1588 United States v. Corson, 114 U.S. 619 (1885)...... 505 United States v. Cortez, 449 U.S. 411 (1981)...... 1417, 1436 United States v. Cotton, 535 U.S. 625 (2002)...... 1478 United States v. County of Fresno, 429 U.S. 452 (1977)...... 1041 United States v. Covington, 395 U.S. 57 (1969)...... 1523 United States v. Cress, 243 U.S. 316 (1917)...... 188, 1596 United States v. Crews, 445 U.S. 463 (1980)...... 1392 United States v. Cronic, 466 U.S. 648 (1984)...... 1676, 1749–50 United States v. Cruikshank, 25 Fed. Cas. 707, (No. 14,897) (C.C.D. La. 1874)...... 1817, 2248 United States v. Cruikshank, 92 U.S. 542 (1876)...... 1060, 1361, 1363–64, 1367, 1647, 1834, 2229–30, 2244, 2248, 2250, 2615 United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., 299 U.S. 304 (1936)...... 75, 88–89, 345–46, 462, 464–65, 469, 522, 540–41, 558, 602 United States v. Darby, 312 U.S. 100 (1941)...... 180–82, 204, 209, 215, 218–19, 1023, 1030, 1767–68, 1770, 1774, 2606 United States v. Darusmont, 449 U.S. 292 (1981)...... 1573, 1898 United States v. Davis, 370 U.S. 65 (1962)...... 2266 United States v. Dawson, 56 U.S. (15 How.) 467 (1853)...... 1647 United States v. Delaware & Hudson Co., 213 U.S. 366 (1909)...... 194, 1571 United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co., 200 U.S. 321 (1906)...... 715, 880 United States v. DeWalt, 128 U.S. 393 (1888)...... 1477 United States v. DeWitt, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 41 (1870)...... 216 United States v. Dewitt, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 41 (1870)...... 1769, 2313 United States v. Di Re, 332 U.S. 581 (1948)...... 1404, 1412, 1431 United States v. Dickinson, 331 U.S. 745 (1947)...... 1595–96 United States v. DiFrancesco, 449 U.S. 117 (1980)...... 1479, 1484, 1490, 1497–98 United States v. Dinitz, 424 U.S. 600 (1976)...... 1488–89, 1495 United States v. Dionisio, 410 U.S. 1 (1973)...... 1408, 1475–76, 1943 United States v. Dixon, 509 U.S. 688 (1993)...... 1503, 2613 United States v. Doe, 465 U.S. 605 (1984)...... 1511, 1519 United States v. Donovan, 429 U.S. 413 (1977)...... 1451 United States v. Doremus, 249 U.S. 86 (1919)...... 163 United States v. Drayton, 536 U.S. 194 (2002)...... 1419, 1433 United States v. Duell, 172 U.S. 576 (1899)...... 336 United States v. Dunn, 480 U.S. 294 (1987)...... 1437 United States v. E. C. Knight Co., 156 U.S. 1 (1895)...... 178, 182, 197, 200, 204–05 United States v. Eaton, 144 U.S. 677 (1892)...... 94, 570, 1616 United States v. Eaton, 169 U.S. 331 (1898)...... 570 United States v. Eckford, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 484 (1868)...... 838 United States v. Edge Broadcasting Co., 509 U.S. 418 (1993)...... 1173, 1270–72, 1275 United States v. Edwards, 415 U.S. 800 (1974)...... 1388, 1421 United States v. Edwards, 430 A.2d 1321 (D.C. App. 1981)...... 1711 United States v. Ehrlichman, 376 F. Supp. 29 (D.D.C. 1974)...... 590, 592 United States v. Eichman, 496 U.S. 310 (1990)...... 1359–60, 2347 United States v. Eliason, 41 U.S. (16 Pet.) 291 (1842)...... 373, 614, 624 United States v. Employing Plasterers Ass’n, 347 U.S. 186 (1954)...... 201 United States v. Enmons, 410 U.S. 396 (1973)...... 220 United States v. Evans, 213 U.S. 297 (1909)...... 2318 United States v. Ewell, 383 U.S. 116 (1966)...... 1617, 1620 TABLE OF CASES 2767

United States v. Farden, 99 U.S. 10 (1879)...... 615 United States v. Felin & Co., 334 U.S. 624 (1948)...... 369, 1587 United States v. Felix, 503 U.S. 378 (1992)...... 1501, 1503 United States v. Ferger, 250 U.S. 199 (1919)...... 183, 1771 United States v. Ferreira, 54 U.S. (13 How.) 40 (1852)...... 568, 672, 689–90, 759 United States v. Fisher, 109 U.S. 143 (1883)...... 416, 672 United States v. Fisher, 6 U.S. (2 Cr.) 358 (1805)...... 175, 379, 672, 1020 United States v. Fitzgerald, 40 U.S. (15 Pet.) 407 (1841)...... 988 United States v. Fletcher, 148 U.S. 84 (1893)...... 614 United States v. Flores, 289 U.S. 137 (1933)...... 344 United States v. Flores, 3 F. Supp. 134 (E.D. Pa. 1932)...... 343 United States v. Flores-Montano, 541 U.S. 149 (2004)...... 1429, 1435 United States v. Florida East Coast Ry., 410 U.S. 224 (1973)...... 1978 United States v. Fordice, 505 U.S. 717 (1992)...... 2136 United States v. Forty-Three Gallons of Whiskey, 108 U.S. 491 (1883)...... 531–32, 546 United States v. Fox, 94 U.S. 315 (1877)...... 380 United States v. Fox, 95 U.S. 670 (1878)...... 380, 2314 United States v. Frady, 456 U.S. 152 (1982)...... 908, 914 United States v. Frame, 885 F.2d 1119 (3d Cir. 1989)...... 90 United States v. Frankfort Distilleries, 324 U.S. 293 (1945)...... 2286, 2293 United States v. Freed, 401 U.S. 601 (1971)...... 1523–24, 2023 United States v. Fuller, 409 U.S. 488 (1973)...... 1588 United States v. Furlong, 18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 184 (1820)...... 344 United States v. Gainey, 380 U.S. 63 (1965)...... 1515, 2039 United States v. Gale, 109 U.S. 65 (1883)...... 129 United States v. Gall, 128 S. Ct. 586 (2007)...... 1636 United States v. Gaskin, 320 U.S. 527 (1944)...... 1821 United States v. Gaudin, 515 U.S. 506 (1995)...... 1628, 2614 United States v. General Motors, 323 U.S. 373 (1945)...... 369, 1589, 1592 United States v. Georgia, 546 U.S. 151 (2006)...... 2240 United States v. Germaine, 99 U.S. 508 (1879)...... 570, 572–73 United States v. Gettysburg Electric Ry., 160 U.S. 668 (1896)...... 168, 1581, 1584 United States v. Gilbert, 25 Fed. Cas. 1287 (No. 15,204) (C.C.D.Mass. 1834)...... 1495 United States v. Giordano, 416 U.S. 505 (1974)...... 1451 United States v. Gomez, 92 F.3d 770 (9th Cir. 1996)...... 1368 United States v. Gonzalez-Lopez, 548 U.S. 140 (2006)...... 1668 United States v. Goodwin, 457 U.S. 368 (1982)...... 2045 United States v. Gordon, 25 Fed. Cas. 1364 (C.C.S.D.N.Y. 1861) (No. 15,231)...... 1831 United States v. Gouveia, 467 U.S. 180 (1984)...... 1686 United States v. Grace, 461 U.S. 171 (1983)...... 1332, 2330 United States v. Gradwell, 243 U.S. 476 (1917)...... 129, 2228 United States v. Graham, 846 F. Supp. 2d 384 (D. Md. 2012), aff’d, ___ F.3d ___, No. 12–4659, slip op. at 31 (4th Cir. 2015)...... 1389 United States v. Graham, ___ F.3d ___, No. 12–4659, 2016 WL 3068018, at *10 (4th Cir. May 31, 2016)...... 1389 United States v. Gratiot, 39 U.S. (14 Pet.) 526 (1840)...... 987 United States v. Grayson, 438 U.S. 41 (1978)...... 2047 United States v. Greater Buffalo Press, 402 U.S. 549 (1971)...... 1278 United States v. Green, 350 U.S. 415 (1956)...... 201 United States v. Grimaud, 220 U.S. 506 (1911)...... 82, 94 United States v. Grubbs, 547 U.S. 90 (2006)...... 1401, 1405 United States v. Guest, 383 U.S. 745 (1966)...... 230, 1772, 1834, 2206, 2228, 2230, 2232–33 United States v. Guy W. Capps, Inc., 204 F.2d 655 (4th Cir. 1953)...... 537 2768 TABLE OF CASES

United States v. Hale, 422 U.S. 171 (1975)...... 1513 United States v. Hall, 98 U.S. 343 (1879)...... 380 United States v. Halper, 490 U.S. 435 (1989)...... 1483, 2614 United States v. Hamilton, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 17 (1795)...... 874 United States v. Hanway, 26 Fed. Cas. 105 (No. 15299) (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1851)...... 921 United States v. Harris, 106 U.S. 629 (1883)...... 969, 1381, 1431, 1817, 2229, 2232, 2315 United States v. Harris, 390 U.S. 234 (1968)...... 1381 United States v. Harris, 403 U.S. 573 (1971)...... 1399, 1403 United States v. Harriss, 347 U.S. 612 (1954)...... 801, 1246, 1364 United States v. Hartwell, 73 U.S. (6 Wall.) 385 (1868)...... 480, 563 United States v. Hasting, 461 U.S. 499 (1983)...... 1513 United States v. Hastings, 681 F.2d 706 (11th Cir. 1982)...... 654 United States v. Hatter, 532 U.S. 557 (2001)...... 668, 2344, 2614 United States v. Havens, 446 U.S. 620 (1980)...... 1462, 1546 United States v. Hayman, 342 U.S. 205 (1952)...... 709, 1670 United States v. Heinszen & Co., 206 U.S. 370 (1907)...... 1579 United States v. Helstoski, 442 U.S. 477 (1979)...... 143 United States v. Hemme, 476 U.S. 558 (1986)...... 1574 United States v. Henry, 447 U.S. 264 (1980)...... 1433, 1540, 1680 United States v. Hensley, 469 U.S. 221 (1985)...... 1417 United States v. Heyward, 250 U.S. 633 (1919)...... 2606 United States v. Hill, 248 U.S. 420 (1919)...... 218 United States v. Holiday, 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 407 (1866)...... 296 United States v. Holmes, 387 F.2d 781 (7th Cir. 1968)...... 1822 United States v. Hubbell, 530 U.S. 27 (2000)...... 1511, 1519 United States v. Hudson & Goodwin, 11 U.S. (7 Cr.) 32 (1812)...... 688, 706, 877, 1616 United States v. Hudson, 299 U.S. 498 (1937)...... 1573–74, 1898 United States v. Hvoslef, 237 U.S. 1 (1915)...... 398, 2318 United States v. IBM Corp., 517 U.S. 843 (1996)...... 397–98, 803, 2334 United States v. ICC, 396 U.S. 491 (1970)...... 193 United States v. Inadi, 475 U.S. 387 (1986)...... 1652 United States v. International Boxing Club, 348 U.S. 236 (1955)...... 178 United States v. Isaacs, 493 F.2d 1124 (7th Cir. 1974)...... 654 United States v. Jackson, 390 U.S. 570 (1968)...... 1626, 2044, 2329 United States v. Jacobs, 306 U.S. 363 (1939)...... 1574 United States v. Jacobsen, 466 U.S. 109 (1984)...... 1385, 1438 United States v. Jacoby, 11 U.S.C.M.A. 428 (1960)...... 356 United States v. James Daniel Good Real Property, 510 U.S. 43 (1993)...... 1999 United States v. Janis, 428 U.S. 433 (1976)...... 1461–62, 1464 United States v. Jannotti, 673 F.2d 578 (3d Cir. 1982)...... 2024 United States v. Jeffers, 342 U.S. 48 (1951)...... 1384, 1470 United States v. Jefferson County Bd. of Educ., 372 F.2d 836 (5th Cir. 1966)...... 860, 2126 United States v. Jefferson County, 380 F.2d 385 (5th Cir. 1967)...... 860 United States v. Jenkins, 420 U.S. 358 (1975)...... 1484, 1493–94, 2612 United States v. Johns, 469 U.S. 478 (1985)...... 1432 United States v. Johnson, 319 U.S. 302 (1943)...... 727 United States v. Johnson, 323 U.S. 273 (1944)...... 1646–47 United States v. Johnson, 383 U.S. 169 (1966)...... 138–39, 142 United States v. Johnson, 390 U.S. 563 (1968)...... 2228 United States v. Johnson, 457 U.S. 537 (1982)...... 772 United States v. Johnson, 481 U.S. 681 (1987)...... 354 United States v. Joint-Traffic Ass’n, 171 U.S. 505 (1898)...... 199 United States v. Jones, 109 U.S. 513 (1883)...... 75, 1047, 1580, 1593 TABLE OF CASES 2769

United States v. Jones, 119 U.S. 477 (1886)...... 673 United States v. Jones, 26 Fed. Cas. 653 (No. 15,494) (C.C.Pa. 1813).... 649, 673, 690–91, 1047 United States v. Jones, 565 U.S. ___, No. 10–1259, slip op. (2012)...... 1388–89 United States v. Jones, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 92 (1856)...... 615 United States v. Jorn, 400 U.S. 470 (1971)...... 1485–86, 1488 United States v. Ju Toy, 198 U.S. 253 (1905)...... 1552, 1560, 1563 United States v. Juvenile Male, 564 U.S. ___, No. 09–940, slip op. (2011)...... 765, 767 United States v. Kagama, 118 U.S. 375 (1886)...... 75, 296, 299 United States v. Kahn, 415 U.S. 143 (1974)...... 1451 United States v. Kahriger, 345 U.S. 22 (1953)...... 163, 165, 1522–23, 1773 United States v. Kansas City Ins. Co., 339 U.S. 799 (1950)...... 1596 United States v. Karo, 468 U.S. 705 (1984)...... 1433, 1450, 1463 United States v. Kebodeaux, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–418, slip op. (2013)...... 381 United States v. Kelly, 707 F.2d 1460 (D.C. Cir. 1983)...... 2024 United States v. Kirby, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 482 (1869)...... 330 United States v. Klamath Indians, 304 U.S. 119 (1938)...... 1588 United States v. Klein, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 128 (1872)...... 401, 517, 521, 882–84, 2313 United States v. Knights, 534 U.S. 112 (2001)...... 1442 United States v. Knotts, 460 U.S. 276 (1983)...... 1450 United States v. Kokinda, 497 U.S. 720 (1990)...... 1338 United States v. Kozminski, 487 U.S. 931 (1988)...... 1821 United States v. Kras, 409 U.S. 434 (1973)...... 2091, 2220–21, 2224 United States v. L. Cohen Grocery Co., 255 U.S. 81 (1921)...... 370, 2323 United States v. Landram, 118 U.S. 81 (1886)...... 1699 United States v. Lane, 474 U.S. 438 (1986)...... 2613 United States v. Lanier, 520 U.S. 259 (1997)...... 2023 United States v. Lanza, 260 U.S. 377 (1922)...... 1481 United States v. Lara, 541 U.S. 193 (2004)...... 297, 300, 1482 United States v. Laub, 385 U.S. 475 (1967)...... 360 United States v. Lee Yen Tai, 185 U.S. 213 (1902)...... 532 United States v. Lee, 106 U.S. 196 (1882)...... 643, 838–40, 842, 1790, 1800–02, 1809 United States v. Lee, 455 U.S. 252 (1982)...... 1078, 1120, 1124, 1130–31 United States v. Lefkowitz, 285 U.S. 452 (1932)...... 1380, 1399, 1407, 1424 United States v. Leon, 468 U.S. 897 (1984)...... 1464–66 United States v. Locke, 471 U.S. 84 (1984)...... 801, 1600 United States v. Locke, 529 U.S. 89 (2000)...... 283, 2596 United States v. Lopez, 514 U.S. 549 (1995)...... 220, 223, 225–28, 1772, 2349 United States v. Loud Hawk, 474 U.S. 302 (1986)...... 1618, 1620 United States v. Louisiana, 339 U.S. 699 (1950)...... 837–38, 844, 986, 2446 United States v. Lovasco, 431 U.S. 783 (1977)...... 1618 United States v. Lovett, 328 U.S. 303 (1946)...... 388, 587–88, 2329 United States v. Lowden, 308 U.S. 225 (1939)...... 1571 United States v. Lynah, 188 U.S. 445 (1903)...... 1596, 2606 United States v. MacCollom, 426 U.S. 317 (1976)...... 1568, 2216 United States v. MacDonald, 435 U.S. 850 (1977)...... 1620 United States v. MacDonald, 456 U.S. 1 (1982)...... 1618 United States v. Macintosh, 283 U.S. 605 (1931)...... 302, 306, 345, 1123, 1128, 2607 United States v. Mack, 295 U.S. 480 (1935)...... 2275 United States v. Maine (Rhode Island and New York Boundary Case), 469 U.S. 504 (1985)...... 844 United States v. Maine, 420 U.S. 515 (1975)...... 838, 986 United States v. Maine, 475 U.S. 89 (1986)...... 844 United States v. Malenzuela-Bernal, 458 U.S. 858 (1982)...... 2034 2770 TABLE OF CASES

United States v. Mandujano, 425 U.S. 564 (1976)...... 1474, 1476, 1520 United States v. Manufacturers Nat’l Bank, 363 U.S. 194 (1960)...... 396 United States v. Mara, 410 U.S. 19 (1973)...... 1408, 1475–76 United States v. Marchetti, 466 F.2d 1309 (4th Cir. 1972)...... 1151, 1512, 1519, 1523–25 United States v. Marigold, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 560 (1850)...... 213, 324–25, 380, 1481 United States v. Marion, 404 U.S. 307 (1971)...... 1618, 1620 United States v. Martin Linen Supply Co., 430 U.S. 564 (1977)...... 1489, 1492 United States v. Martinez-Fuerte, 428 U.S. 543 (1976)..... 1394, 1398, 1417, 1428–29, 1435–36 United States v. Martinez-Salazar, 528 U.S. 304 (2000)...... 1643 United States v. Maryland Savings-Share Ins. Corp., 400 U.S. 4 (1970)...... 1573, 2111, 2115 United States v. Masonite Corp., 316 U.S. 265 (1942)...... 338 United States v. Matlock, 415 U.S. 164 (1974)...... 1434 United States v. Mattson, 600 F.2d 1295 (9th Cir. 1979)...... 835–36 United States v. Mazurie, 419 U.S. 544 (1974)...... 90, 297 United States v. McBratney, 104 U.S. 621 (1882)...... 985 United States v. McCullagh, 221 F. 288 (D. Kan. 1915)...... 536 United States v. McGowan, 302 U.S. 535 (1938)...... 989 United States v. McLemore, 45 U.S. (4 How.) 286 (1846)...... 838 United States v. McMillan, 165 U.S. 504 (1897)...... 990–91 United States v. Mendenhall, 446 U.S. 544 (1980)...... 1390, 1418–19 United States v. Mendoza-Lopez, 481 U.S. 828 (1987)...... 718, 879, 886, 1563 United States v. Michener, 331 U.S. 789 (1947)...... 1500 United States v. Michigan, 190 U.S. 379 (1903)...... 837 United States v. Midwest Oil Co., 236 U.S. 459 (1915)...... 624, 635, 988 United States v. Midwest Video Corp., 406 U.S. 649 (1972)...... 79 United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939)...... 1368–70 United States v. Miller, 317 U.S. 369 (1943)...... 1586–87, 1592 United States v. Miller, 425 U.S. 435 (1976)...... 1386, 1410, 1943 United States v. Miller, 471 U.S. 130 (1985)...... 1478, 2612 United States v. Minnesota, 270 U.S. 181 (1926)...... 837 United States v. Mississippi Tax Comm’n, 412 U.S. 363 (1973)...... 1042, 2289 United States v. Mississippi Tax Comm’n, 421 U.S. 599 (1975)...... 1042, 2289 United States v. Mitchell, 109 U.S. 146 (1883)...... 416 United States v. Mitchell, 26 Fed. Cas. 1277 (No. 15788) (C.C.D. Pa. 1795)...... 921 United States v. Mitchell, 322 U.S. 65 (1944)...... 1527 United States v. Mitchell, 463 U.S. 206 (1983)...... 296, 654, 921 United States v. Mitchell, No. 74–110 (D.D.C. 1974)...... 654 United States v. Monia, 317 U.S. 424 (1943)...... 1508, 1518 United States v. Monsanto, 491 U.S. 600 (1989)...... 1667 United States v. Montgomery County Bd. of Educ., 395 U.S. 225 (1969)...... 2126 United States v. Montoya de Hernandez, 473 U.S. 531 (1985)...... 1408, 1420–21, 1432, 1435 United States v. More, 7 U.S. (3 Cr.) 159 (1805)...... 874 United States v. Moreland, 258 U.S. 433 (1922)...... 375, 1477, 2320 United States v. Morgan, 313 U.S. 409, 421 (1941)...... 1963 United States v. Morgan, 346 U.S. 502 (1954)...... 708, 767 United States v. Morrison, 449 U.S. 361 (1981)...... 1669 United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 598 (2000)...... 225–26, 1772, 2231–32, 2352 United States v. Mosley, 238 U.S. 383 (1915)...... 116, 129, 380, 2228 United States v. Munoz-Flores, 495 U.S. 385 (1990)...... 137, 148, 781, 787 United States v. Munsingwear, 340 U.S. 36 (1950)...... 752, 765–66 United States v. Murdock, 284 U.S. 141 (1931).. 108, 1126, 1149, 1169, 1276, 1516, 1518, 2609 United States v. National Dairy Corp., 372 U.S. 29 (1963)...... 2021 TABLE OF CASES 2771

United States v. National Treasury Employees Union, 513 U.S. 454 (1995)...... 1215, 1220–21, 2347–48 United States v. Nevada, 412 U.S. 534 (1973)...... 872 United States v. New Mexico, 455 U.S. 720 (1982)...... 1037–38, 1041 United States v. New River Collieries Co., 262 U.S. 341 (1923)...... 1587 United States v. New Wrinkle, Inc., 342 U.S. 371 (1952)...... 338 United States v. New York Rayon Co., 329 U.S. 654 (1947)...... 839 United States v. New York S.S. Co., 269 U.S. 304 (1925)...... 1569 United States v. New York Tel. Co., 326 U.S. 638 (1946)...... 1570 United States v. New York Telephone Co., 434 U.S. 159 (1977)...... 1451 United States v. Nice, 241 U.S. 591 (1916)...... 2317, 2605 United States v. Nielson, 349 U.S. 129 (1955)...... 824 United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974)...... 69, 464, 582, 589, 591, 593–94, 639–40, 654, 1007 United States v. Nobles, 422 U.S. 233 (1975)...... 1515, 1650 United States v. North Carolina, 136 U.S. 211 (1890)...... 836 United States v. NTEU, 513 U.S. 454 (1995)...... 576 United States v. Nugent, 346 U.S. 1 (1953)...... 1557 United States v. O’Brien, 391 U.S. 367 (1968)...... 102, 352, 800, 1175, 1209–10, 1212, 1262, 1284, 1286, 1330, 1347, 1358–59, 1822 United States v. One Assortment of 89 Firearms, 465 U.S. 354 (1984)...... 1483–84, 2612 United States v. One Bag of Paradise Feathers, 256 F. 301 (2d Cir. 1919)...... 558 United States v. Oppenheimer, 242 U.S. 85 (1916)...... 1491, 1504 United States v. Oregon Medical Society, 343 U.S. 326 (1952)...... 178 United States v. Oregon, 295 U.S. 1 (1935)...... 990, 1021 United States v. Oregon, 366 U.S. 643 (1961)...... 1021, 2580 United States v. Orito, 413 U.S. 139 (1973)...... 1317, 1320 United States v. Ortega, 24 U.S. (11 Wheat.) 467 (1826)...... 818 United States v. Ortiz, 422 U.S. 891 (1975)...... 1398, 1428, 1436 United States v. Owens, 484 U.S. 554 (1988)...... 1651 United States v. Paciﬁc R.R., 120 U.S. 227 (1887)...... 368–69 United States v. Padelford, 76 U.S. (9 Wall.) 531 (1870)...... 517, 882 United States v. Padilla, 508 U.S. 77 (1993)...... 1462, 1470 United States v. Palmer, 128 U.S. 262 (1888)...... 338 United States v. Palmer, 16 U.S. (3 Wheat.) 610 (1818)...... 609, 649, 780 United States v. Paradise, 480 U.S. 149 (1987)...... 2149–50 United States v. Paramount Pictures, 334 U.S. 131 (1948)...... 1265 United States v. Patane, 542 U.S. 630 (2004)...... 1546 United States v. Payner, 447 U.S. 727 (1980)...... 720, 1462 United States v. Peltier, 422 U.S. 531 (1975)...... 772, 1461 United States v. Pennsylvania R.R., 323 U.S. 612 (1945)...... 193 United States v. Percheman, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 51 (1833)...... 532 United States v. Perez, 22 U.S. (9 Wheat.) 579 (1824)...... 1485–86 United States v. Perkins, 116 U.S. 483 (1886)...... 586 United States v. Peters, 9 U.S. (5 Cr.) 115 (1809)...... 1782, 2361 United States v. Petrillo, 332 U.S. 1 (1947)...... 1822 United States v. Petty Motor Co., 327 U.S. 372 (1946)...... 369, 1592 United States v. Pewee Coal Co., 341 U.S. 114 (1951)...... 1592 United States v. Phellis, 257 U.S. 156 (1921)...... 2263 United States v. Phelps, 107 U.S. 320 (1883)...... 2604 United States v. Philadelphia & Reading R.R., 123 U.S. 113 (1887)...... 1701 United States v. Pink, 315 U.S. 203 (1942)...... 559–61 United States v. Pioneer American Ins. Co., 374 U.S. 84 (1963)...... 1020 2772 TABLE OF CASES

United States v. Place, 462 U.S. 696 (1983)...... 1420 United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc., 529 U.S. 803 (2000)...... 1284–85, 1324, 1330, 2353 United States v. Powell, 27 Fed. Cas. 605 (C.C.D.N.C. 1871) (No. 16,079)...... 2227 United States v. Powers, 307 U.S. 214 (1939)...... 391 United States v. Price, 116 U.S. 43 (1885)...... 400 United States v. Price, 383 U.S. 787 (1966)...... 2069, 2228–30 United States v. Progressive, Inc., 467 F. Supp. 990 (W.D. Wis. 1979)...... 1150 United States v. Providence Journal Co., 485 U.S. 693 (1988)...... 698 United States v. Provoo, 350 U.S. 857 (1955)...... 1620 United States v. Ptasynski, 462 U.S. 74 (1983)...... 162 United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56 (1950)...... 803, 1380, 1424–25, 2608, 2610 United States v. Raddatz, 447 U.S. 667 (1980)...... 682, 885 United States v. Radio Corp. of America, 358 U.S. 334 (1959)...... 1278 United States v. Railroad Bridge Co., 27 Fed. Cas. 686 (No. 16,114) (C.C.N.D. Ill. 1855)...... 326 United States v. Railroad Co., 84 U.S. (17 Wall.) 322 (1873)...... 158 United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17 (1960)...... 745, 748, 836, 1803, 2066, 2069, 2250, 2608 United States v. Ramirez, 523 U.S. 65 (1998)...... 1410–11 United States v. Ramsey, 431 U.S. 606 (1977)...... 329, 1435 United States v. Rands, 389 U.S. 121 (1967)...... 187, 1596 United States v. Rauscher, 119 U.S. 407 (1886)...... 781, 980 United States v. Ravara, 2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 297 (C.C. Pa. 1793)...... 818, 871 United States v. Realty Co., 163 U.S. 427 (1896)...... 174, 400, 1695 United States v. Reese, 92 U.S. 214 (1876)...... 127–28, 230, 2244, 2249–50, 2313, 2608 United States v. Regan, 232 U.S. 37 (1914)...... 1616 United States v. Reid, 53 U.S. (12 How.) 361 (1851)...... 2605 United States v. Reidel, 402 U.S. 351 (1971)...... 1315, 1320, 1946 United States v. Reliable Transfer Co., 421 U.S. 397 (1975)...... 821, 2611 United States v. Republic Steel Corp., 362 U.S. 482 (1960)...... 187 United States v. Reynes, 50 U.S. (9 How.) 127 (1850)...... 780 United States v. Reynolds, 235 U.S. 133 (1914)...... 1820, 2394 United States v. Reynolds, 345 U.S. 1 (1953)...... 590–91 United States v. Reynolds, 397 U.S. 14 (1970)...... 1593, 1696 United States v. Rhodes, 27 F. Cas. 785 (No. 16,151) (C.C. Ky. 1866)...... 1817 United States v. Richards, 201 Wis. 130, 229 N.W. 675 (1930)...... 1047 United States v. Richardson, 418 U.S. 166 (1974)...... 730, 732–33, 745 United States v. Rio Grande Irrigation Co., 174 U.S. 690 (1899)...... 187–88 United States v. River Rouge Co., 269 U.S. 411 (1926)...... 187 United States v. Riverside Bayview Homes, 474 U.S. 121 (1985)...... 1599, 1611 United States v. Rizzo, 297 U.S. 530 (1936)...... 2274 United States v. Robel, 389 U.S. 258 (1967)...... 95, 360, 367, 389, 801, 1143, 1168, 1171, 1202, 1204, 2331 United States v. Robinson, 414 U.S. 218 (1973)...... 1388, 1421–22 United States v. Robinson, 485 U.S. 25 (1988)...... 1513 United States v. Rock Royal Co-operative, Inc, 307 U.S. 533 (1939)...... 84, 90, 212 United States v. Romano, 382 U.S. 136 (1965)...... 2039, 2335 United States v. Rosenberg, 195 F.2d 583 (2d. Cir. 1952)...... 925 United States v. Ross, 456 U.S. 798 (1982)...... 1381, 1386–88, 1428, 1431–32, 1467, 2612 United States v. Ruiz, 536 U.S. 622 (2002)...... 2032 United States v. Rumely, 345 U.S. 41 (1953)...... 101–03, 109, 142, 1209, 1246 United States v. Russell, 411 U.S. 423 (1973)...... 2024–25 United States v. Russell, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 623 (1871)...... 368, 504 TABLE OF CASES 2773

United States v. Rylander, 460 U.S. 752 (1983)...... 1509 United States v. Safety Car Heating Co., 297 U.S. 88 (1936)...... 2267 United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1988)...... 1712 United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739, 745 (1987)...... 1941 United States v. Salvucci, 448 U.S. 83 (1980)...... 1385, 1462, 1470, 2612 United States v. San Jacinto Tin Co., 125 U.S. 273 (1888)...... 628, 835–36 United States v. Sanchez, 340 U.S. 42 (1950)...... 163 United States v. Sandoval, 231 U.S. 28 (1913)...... 296, 781, 984–85 United States v. Sanford, 429 U.S. 14 (1976)...... 1493 United States v. Santana, 427 U.S. 38 (1976)...... 1390, 1437 United States v. Saylor, 322 U.S. 385 (1944)...... 129 United States v. Schooner Peggy, 5 U.S. (1 Cr.) 103 (1801)...... 532–33 United States v. Schwimmer, 279 U.S. 644 (1929)...... 306, 1128, 2607 United States v. Scotland Neck City Bd. of Educ., 407 U.S. 484 (1972)...... 2480 United States v. Scott, 437 U.S. 82 (1978)...... 1484–85, 1488, 1490, 1492–95, 2612 United States v. SCRAP, 412 U.S. 669 (1973)...... 737–38, 745, 756 United States v. Seaboard Air Line R.R., 361 U.S. 78 (1959)...... 195 United States v. Seeger, 380 U.S. 163 (1965)...... 801, 1112, 1128, 1130 United States v. Shackney, 333 F.2d 475 (2d Cir. 1964)...... 1821 United States v. Sharpe, 470 U.S. 675 (1985)...... 1420 United States v. Sharpnack, 355 U.S. 286, 294 (1958)...... 377 United States v. Shauver, 214 F. 154 (E.D. Ark. 1914)...... 536 United States v. Shaw, 309 U.S. 495 (1940)...... 839 United States v. Sherwood, 312 U.S. 584 (1941)...... 719, 1790 United States v. Shimer, 367 U.S. 374 (1961)...... 2580 United States v. Shipp, 203 U.S. 563 (1906)...... 705, 889 United States v. Shreveport Grain & Elevator Co., 287 U.S. 77 (1932)...... 75–76 United States v. Shubert, 348 U.S. 222 (1955)...... 178 United States v. Simmons, 96 U.S. 360 (1878)...... 1647 United States v. Simpson, 252 U.S. 465 (1920)...... 177, 181 United States v. Sing Tuck, 194 U.S. 161 (1904)...... 1561 United States v. Sioux Nation, 448 U.S. 371 (1980)...... 301 United States v. Sisson, 399 U.S. 267 (1970)...... 1491, 1494 United States v. Sitka, 666 F. Supp. 19 (D. Conn. 1987)...... 1010 United States v. Smith, 18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 153 (1820)...... 343 United States v. Smith, 286 U.S. 6 (1932)...... 134, 577 United States v. Smith, 499 U.S. 160 (1991)...... 643 United States v. Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., 310 U.S. 150 (1940)...... 1647 United States v. Sokolow, 490 U.S. 1 (1989)...... 1417 United States v. Solomon, 563 F.2d 1121 (4th Cir. 1977)...... 835–36 United States v. South-Eastern Underwriters Ass’n, 322 U.S. 533 (1944)...... 177–78, 240–41, 2607 United States v. Southwestern Cable Co., 392 U.S. 157 (1968)...... 197 United States v. Spector, 343 U.S. 169 (1952)...... 318 United States v. Speers, 382 U.S. 266 (1965)...... 320 United States v. Sperry Corp., 493 U.S. 52 (1989)...... 1576, 1609 United States v. Spock, 416 F.2d 165 (1st Cir. 1969)...... 1209 United States v. Sponenbarger, 308 U.S. 256 (1939)...... 1606 United States v. Sprague, 282 U.S. 716 (1931)...... 782, 1010, 1767 United States v. Stafoff, 260 U.S. 477 (1923)...... 2274 United States v. Standard Oil Co., 332 U.S. 301 (1947)...... 866 United States v. Standard Rice Co., 323 U.S. 106 (1944)...... 866 United States v. Stanley, 483 U.S. 669 (1987)...... 354 2774 TABLE OF CASES

United States v. Stevens, 559 U.S. 460, 468 (2010)...... 1287–88 United States v. Sullivan, 274 U.S. 259 (1927)...... 1521–24, 2267 United States v. Sullivan, 332 U.S. 689 (1948)...... 204, 221 United States v. Tateo, 377 U.S. 463 (1964)...... 1488–89, 1495 United States v. Tempia, 16 U.S.C.M.A. 629, 37 C.M.R. 249 (1967)...... 356 United States v. Texas Educ. Agency, 532 F.2d 380 (5th Cir. 1976)...... 2097, 2134 United States v. Texas Educ. Agency, 600 F.2d 518 (5th Cir. 1979)...... 2097 United States v. Texas, 143 U.S. 621 (1892)...... 837–38, 982, 984, 986, 1790–91 United States v. Texas, 252 F. Supp. 234 (1966)...... 2299–2300 United States v. Texas, 339 U.S. 707 (1950)...... 2447 United States v. The Three Friends, 166 U.S. 1 (1897)...... 780 United States v. The William, 28 Fed. Cas. 614 (No. 16,700) (D. Mass. 1808)...... 213 United States v. Thirty-seven Photographs, 402 U.S. 363 (1971).. 1154, 1315, 1320, 1435, 1946 United States v. Thompson, 452 F.2d 1333 (D.C. Cir. 1971)...... 1711 United States v. Toronto Navigation Co., 338 U.S. 396 (1949)...... 369, 1588 United States v. Toussie, 397 U.S. 112 (1970)...... 1618 United States v. Township of Muskegon, 355 U.S. 484 (1958)...... 1041 United States v. Trans-Missouri Freight Ass’n, 166 U.S. 290 (1897)...... 199, 768 United States v. Truong Dinh Hung, 629 F.2d 908 (4th Cir. 1980)...... 1452 United States v. Tucker, 404 U.S. 443 (1972)...... 1665, 2047 United States v. Twin City Power Co., 350 U.S. 222 (1956)...... 187, 190, 1586, 1596 United States v. UMW, 330 U.S. 258 (1947)...... 628 United States v. Union Central Life Ins. Co., 368 U.S. 291 (1961)...... 1020, 2580 United States v. Union Paciﬁc Co., 98 U.S. 569 (1878)...... 677 United States v. United Automobile Workers, 352 U.S. 567 (1957)...... 1239 United States v. United Foods, Inc., 533 U.S. 405 (2001)...... 1178, 1275, 2349 United States v. United Mine Workers, 330 U.S. 258 (1947)...... 694–95, 705 United States v. United States Coin & Currency, 401 U.S. 715 (1971)...... 772, 2334 United States v. United States District Court, 407 U.S. 297 (1972)...... 1290, 1380–81, 1399, 1451, 1943 United States v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co., 309 U.S. 506 (1940).... 299, 843, 1790 United States v. United States Shoe Corp., 523 U.S. 360 (1998)...... 397, 2346–47 United States v. Universal C.I.T. Corp., 344 U.S. 218 (1952)...... 1500 United States v. Unzeuta, 281 U.S. 138 (1930)...... 377–78 United States v. Ursery, 518 U.S. 267 (1996)...... 1483 United States v. Utah, 283 U.S. 64 (1931)...... 837 United States v. Van Duzee, 140 U.S. 169 (1891)...... 1647 United States v. van Leeuwen, 397 U.S. 249 (1970)...... 329 United States v. Ventresca, 380 U.S. 102 (1965)...... 1401 United States v. Verdugo-Urquidez, 494 U.S. 259 (1990)...... 498, 990, 1383, 1586 United States v. Vermont, 337 U.S. 351 (1964)...... 320 United States v. Vigol, 29 Fed. Cas. 376 (No. 16621) (C.C.D. Pa. 1795)...... 921 United States v. Villamonte-Marquez, 462 U.S. 579 (1983)...... 1432 United States v. Virginia Elec. & Power Co., 365 U.S. 624 (1961)...... 1596 United States v. Virginia, 518 U.S. 515 (1996)...... 2175, 2238, 2523 United States v. Vuitch, 402 U.S. 62 (1971)...... 1930 United States v. W.T. Grant Co., 345 U.S. 629 (1953)...... 768 United States v. Waddell, 112 U.S. 76 (1884)...... 380, 989, 1834, 2230 United States v. Wade, 388 U.S. 218 (1967)...... 1510, 1683–86, 2027, 2234 United States v. Walsh, 331 U.S. 432 (1947)...... 194, 204 United States v. Washington, 431 U.S. 181 (1977)...... 1475 United States v. Watson, 423 U.S. 411 (1976)...... 1390, 1415 United States v. Watts, 519 U.S. 148 (1997)...... 1499 TABLE OF CASES 2775

United States v. Welch, 217 U.S. 333 (1910)...... 1589 United States v. Wells, 519 U.S. 482 (1997)...... 1305 United States v. West Virginia, 295 U.S. 463 (1935)...... 837 United States v. Wheeler, 254 U.S. 281 (1920)...... 969, 1834, 2228, 2230 United States v. Wheeler, 435 U.S. 313 (1978)...... 299, 1482 United States v. White, 322 U.S. 694 (1944)...... 1509 United States v. White, 401 U.S. 745 (1971)...... 1386–87, 1433 United States v. Will, 449 U.S. 200 (1980)...... 667, 2342 United States v. Williams, 128 S. Ct. 1830 (2008)...... 1322 United States v. Williams, 302 U.S. 46 (1937)...... 354 United States v. Williams, 341 U.S. 70 (1951)...... 2229–30, 2249 United States v. Williams, 705 F.2d 603 (2d Cir. 1983)...... 2024 United States v. Willow River Power Co., 324 U.S. 499 (1945)...... 188, 1596 United States v. Wilson, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 150 (1833)...... 516–17 United States v. Wilson, 420 U.S. 332 (1975)...... 1480, 1490–91, 1493–94 United States v. Wiltberger, 18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 76 (1820)...... 926 United States v. Winans, 198 U.S. 371 (1905)...... 987 United States v. Windsor, 570 U.S. ___, No. 12–307, slip op. (2013)...... 727–28, 2211–13, 2354 United States v. Winstar Corp., 518 U.S. 839 (1996)...... 1577 United States v. Wong Kim Ark, 169 U.S. 649 (1898)...... 301, 303, 483, 536, 1830–31 United States v. Wong, 431 U.S. 174 (1977)...... 1476, 1520 United States v. Wood, 299 U.S. 123 (1936)...... 1639 United States v. Woodley, 751 F.2d 1008 (9th Cir. 1985)...... 596, 598 United States v. Worrall, 2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 384 (1798)...... 380 United States v. Wright, 117 F.3d 1265 (11th Cir.)...... 1368 United States v. Wrightwood Dairy Co., 315 U.S. 110 (1942)...... 180, 182, 204, 211, 222 United States v. Wurzbach, 280 U.S. 396 (1930)...... 129 United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc., 513 U.S. 64 (1994)...... 801 United States v. Yazell, 382 U.S. 341 (1966)...... 866 United States v. Yellow Cab Co., 332 U.S. 218 (1947)...... 2612 United States v. Young, 470 U.S. 1 (1985)...... 2029 United States v. Young, 94 U.S. 258 (1876)...... 875, 2029 United States v. Yuginovich, 256 U.S. 450 (1921)...... 165, 2274 United States v. Zucker, 161 U.S. 475, 481 (1896)...... 1629 United Steelworkers of America v. Rawson, 495 U.S. 362 (1990)...... 296 United Steelworkers v. R.H. Bouligny, 382 U.S. 145 (1965)...... 857–58 United Steelworkers v. United States, 361 U.S. 39 (1960)...... 836 United Steelworkers v. Weber, 443 U.S. 193 (1979)...... 2145 United Transp. Union v. Long Island R.R., 455 U.S. 678 (1982)...... 1026 United Transportation Union v. State Bar of Michigan, 401 U.S. 576 (1971)..... 749, 1182, 1184 Universal Amusement Co. v. Vance, 559 F.2d 1286 (5th Cir. 1977)...... 903 University of Pennsylvania v. EEOC, 493 U.S. 182 (1990)...... 1229 Untermyer v. Anderson, 276 U.S. 440 (1928)...... 1574, 2324 Upham v. Seamon, 406 U.S. 37 (1982)...... 2204 Uphaus v. Wyman, 360 U.S. 72 (1959)...... 1167, 1169, 1209 Upshaw v. United States, 335 U.S. 410 (1948)...... 1527–28 Urquhart v. Brown, 205 U.S. 179 (1907)...... 714 Urtetiqui v. D’Arcy, 34 U.S. (9 Pet.) 692 (1835)...... 468 Usery v. Turner Elkhorn Mining Co., 428 U.S. 1 (1976)...... 206, 1572, 1575, 1847, 1855, 1897, 2011, 2015 Usner v. Luckenback Overseas Corp., 400 U.S. 494 (1971)...... 833 Utah Division of State Lands v. United States, 482 U.S. 193 (1987)...... 986 Utah Power & Light Co. v. Pfost, 286 U.S. 165 (1932)...... 196, 1911, 2103 2776 TABLE OF CASES

Utah Power & Light Co. v. United States, 243 U.S. 389 (1917)...... 988 Utah v. Evans, 536 U.S. 452 (2002)...... 122 Utah v. Strieff, 579 U.S. ___, No. 14–1373, slip op. (2016)...... 1463, 1467–68 Utah v. United States, 394 U.S. 89 (1968)...... 872 Utley v. Petersburg, 292 U.S. 106 (1934)...... 1917 Uttecht v. Brown, 551 U.S. 1 (2007)...... 1642 Uveges v. Pennsylvania, 335 U.S. 437 (1948)...... 1663 V V.L. v. E.L., 577 U.S. ___, No. 15–648, slip op. (2016)...... 935 Vaca v. Sipes, 386 U.S. 171 (1967)...... 295 Vacco v. Quill, 521 U.S. 793 (1997)...... 1958–59, 2085 Vajtauer v. Commissioner of Immigration, 273 U.S. 103 (1927)...... 1563 Vale v. Louisiana, 399 U.S. 30 (1970)...... 1425 Valenti v. Rockefeller, 292 F. Supp. 851 (S.D.N.Y. 1968)...... 2186 Valentine v. A. & P. Tea Co., 299 U.S. 32 (1936)...... 2430 Valentine v. Chrestensen, 316 U.S. 52 (1942)...... 1265, 2611 Valentine v. Great Atlantic & Paciﬁc Tea Co., 299 U.S. 32 (1936)...... 2104 Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United, 454 U.S. 464 (1982)...... 730–32, 734–35, 739, 745 Valvoline Oil Co. v. United States, 308 U.S. 141 (1939)...... 1570 Van Allen v. The Assessors, 70 U.S. (3 Wall.) 573 (1866)...... 2560 Van Brocklin v. Tennessee, 117 U.S. 151 (1886)...... 984, 989, 1040, 2376 Van der Weyde v. Ocean Transp. Co., 297 U.S. 114 (1936)...... 542 Van Dyke v. Geary, 244 U.S. 39 (1917)...... 1865 Van Horne’s Lessee v. Dorrance, 2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 304 (C.C. Pa. 1795)...... 1587 Van Huffel v. Harkelrode, 284 U.S. 225 (1931)...... 2571 Van Ness v. United States Bank, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 17 (1839)...... 373 Van Orden v. Perry, 545 U.S. 677 (2005)...... 734, 1117–18 Van Oster v. Kansas, 272 U.S. 465 (1926)...... 1892 Van Slyke v. Texas, 418 U.S. 907 (1974)...... 1359 Vanasco v. Schwartz, 401 F. Supp. 87 (E.D.N.Y. 1975)...... 1230 Vance v. Amusement Co., 445 U.S. 308 (1980)...... 764 Vance v. Bradley, 440 U.S. 93 (1979)...... 2093 Vance v. Terrazas, 444 U.S. 252 (1980)...... 312, 1562, 2011 Vance v. Universal Amusement Co., 445 U.S. 308 (1980)...... 1151, 1314, 2499 Vance v. Vance, 108 U.S. 514 (1883)...... 435 Vanderbark v. Owens-Illinois Glass Co., 311 U.S. 538 (1941)...... 863 Vanderbilt v. Vanderbilt, 354 U.S. 416 (1957)...... 949, 1994, 2608 Various Items of Personal Property v. United States, 282 U.S. 577 (1931)...... 1483 Vasquez v. Hillery, 474 U.S. 254 (1986)...... 2137 Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F.2d 820 (D.C.Cir. 1973)...... 589 Vaughn v. Vermillion Corp., 444 U.S. 206 (1979)...... 1596 Veazie Bank v. Fenno, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 533 (1869)...... 158, 324, 382, 394 Veix v. Sixth Ward Ass’n, 310 U.S. 32 (1940)...... 439 Velmohos v. Maren Engineering Corp., 83 N.J. 282, 416 A.2d 372 (1980)...... 2005 Velvel v. Johnson, 287 F. Supp. 846 (D.C.D.Kan. 1968)...... 349 Velvel v. Nixon, 415 F.2d 236 (10th Cir. 1969)...... 349 Vendo Co. v. Lektco-Vend Corp., 433 U.S. 623 (1977)...... 897 Venner v. Great Northern R. Co., 209 U.S. 24 (1908)...... 878 Ventura County v. Gulf Oil Corp., 445 U.S. 947 (1980)...... 2587 Vergara v. Hampton, 581 F.2d 1281 (7th Cir. 1978)...... 95, 313 Verizon Md. Inc. v. Public Serv. Comm’n of Md., 535 U.S. 635 (2002)...... 1804, 1806 Verlinden B. V. v. Central Bank of Nigeria, 461 U.S. 480 (1983)...... 611, 807, 814, 867 TABLE OF CASES 2777

Vermont Agency of Nat. Res. v. United States ex rel. Stevens, 529 U.S. 765 (2000)...... 738 Vermont v. Brillon, 129 S. Ct. 1283 (2009)...... 1621 Vermont v. New York 406 U.S. 186 (1972)...... 872 Vernon v. Alabama, 313 U.S. 540 (1941)...... 1530 Vernonia School Dist. v. Acton, 515 U.S. 646 (1995)...... 1444–45 Vicksburg & Meridian R.R. v. Putnam, 118 U.S. 545 (1886)...... 1701 Vicksburg, S. & P. R.R. v. Dennis, 116 U.S. 665 (1886)...... 427 Victor v. Nebraska, 511 U.S. 1 (1994)...... 2035 Victory Carriers v. Law, 404 U.S. 202 (1971)...... 826, 832–33 Vieth v. Jubelirer, 541 U.S. 267 (2004)...... 114, 787, 2199 Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Dev. Corp., 429 U.S. 252 (1977)...... 736, 742, 749, 800, 2098–2101, 2131–32 Village of Belle Terre v. Boraas, 416 U.S. 1 (1974)...... 1598, 1888 Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., 272 U.S. 365 (1926)...... 1598, 1887–88 Village of Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, 455 U.S. 489 (1982)...... 1170, 2018, 2021 Village of Schaumburg v. Citizens for a Better Environment, 444 U.S. 620 (1980)...... 1172, 1355–56, 2552 Village of Willowbrook v. Olech, 528 U.S. 562 (2000)...... 2085 Virginia Bd. of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, 425 U.S. 748 (1976)...... 2490, 2611 Virginia Coupon Cases (Poindexter v. Greenhow), 114 U.S. 269 (1885)...... 643 Virginia Coupon Cases (Poindexter v. Greenhow), 114 U.S. 270 (1885)...... 403, 435, 643, 889, 2375 Virginia Office for Protection and Advocacy v. Stewart, 563 U.S. ___, No. 09–529, slip op. (2011)...... 1808 Virginia State Bd. of Elections v. Bufford, 405 U.S. 1035 (1972)...... 2479 Virginia State Bd. of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, 425 U.S. 748 (1976)...... 1151, 1266–68, 1270, 1273, 1305 Virginia v. American Booksellers Ass’n, 484 U.S. 383 (1988)...... 748 Virginia v. Black, 538 U.S. 343 (2003)...... 1292, 1296, 2528 Virginia v. Hicks, 539 U.S. 113 (2003)...... 1171 Virginia v. Moore, 128 S. Ct. 1598 (2008)...... 1392, 1421 Virginia v. Rives, 100 U.S. 313 (1880)...... 917–18, 2122, 2137, 2228 Virginia v. Tennessee, 148 U.S. 503 (1893)...... 448, 450 Virginia v. West Virginia, 220 U.S. 1 (1911)...... 845, 848 Virginia v. West Virginia, 246 U.S. 565 (1918)...... 436, 451, 848 Virginia v. West Virginia, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 39 (1871)...... 450 Virginian Ry. v. System Federation No. 40, 300 U.S. 515 (1937)...... 207, 1569 Vitarelli v. Seaton, 359 U.S. 535 (1959)...... 1559 Vitek v. Jones, 445 U.S. 480 (1980)...... 767–68, 1955, 1971, 1974, 1976, 2053, 2055–56, 2065, 2499 Vlandis v. Kline, 412 U.S. 441 (1973)...... 2013–15, 2208, 2484 Voeller v. Neilston Co., 311 U.S. 531 (1941)...... 2003 Vogelstein & Co. v. United States, 262 U.S. 337 (1923)...... 1587 Voight v. Wright, 141 U.S. 62 (1891)...... 2380 Voinovich v. Quilter, 507 U.S. 146 (1993)...... 2195 Von Cleef v. New Jersey, 395 U.S. 814 (1969)...... 1425 Von Hoffman v. Quincy, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 535 (1867)...... 2367 Von Moltke v. Gillies, 332 U.S. 708 (1948)...... 1662 Vorchheimer v. School Dist. of Philadelphia, 532 F.2d 880 (3d Cir. 1976)...... 2174 W W. B. Worthen Co. v. Kavanaugh, 295 U.S. 56 (1935)...... 439 W. B. Worthen Co. v. Thomas, 292 U.S. 426 (1934)...... 439, 2429 2778 TABLE OF CASES

W.S. Kirkpatrick & Co. v. Environmental Tectronics Corp., 493 U.S. 400 (1990)...... 781, 2613 W.W. Cargill Co. v. Minnesota, 180 U.S. 452 (1901)...... 1882 Wabash R.R. v. Deﬁance, 167 U.S. 88 (1897)...... 431 Wabash, St. L. & P. Ry. Co. v. Illinois, 118 U.S. 557 (1886)...... 192, 247, 2377, 2604 Wachovia Bank & Trust Co. v. Doughton, 272 U.S. 567 (1926)...... 1907, 2415 Wade v. Hunter, 336 U.S. 684 (1949)...... 356, 1486 Wade v. Mayo, 334 U.S. 672 (1948)...... 1663 Wadley Southern Ry. v. Georgia, 235 U.S. 651 (1915)...... 1872 Waggoner v. Flack, 188 U.S. 595 (1903)...... 435 Wagner v. Baltimore, 239 U.S. 207 (1915)...... 1900 Wagoner v. Evans, 170 U.S. 588 (1898)...... 990 Wainwright v. Greenﬁeld, 474 U.S. 284 (1986)...... 1513 Wainwright v. Sykes, 433 U.S. 72 (1977)...... 893, 908, 910–11, 913 Wainwright v. Torna, 455 U.S. 586 (1982)...... 1668 Wainwright v. Witt, 469 U.S. 412 (1985)...... 1641–42 Waite v. Macy, 246 U.S. 606 (1918)...... 842 Walden v. Fiore, 571 U.S. ___, No. 12–574, slip op. (2014)...... 1989 Walder v. United States, 347 U.S. 62 (1954)...... 1462 Waldron v. Moore-McCormack Lines, 386 U.S. 724 (1967)...... 833 Wales v. Stetson, 2 Mass. 142 (1806)...... 421 Walker Process Equip. v. Food Mach. & Chem. Corp., 382 U.S. 172 (1965)...... 338 Walker v. City of Birmingham, 388 U.S. 307 (1967)...... 705, 1335 Walker v. City of Hutchinson, 352 U.S. 112 (1956)...... 1999 Walker v. Hutchinson City, 352 U.S. 112 (1956)...... 2452 Walker v. Johnston, 312 U.S. 275 (1941)...... 906, 1662 Walker v. Martin, 562 ___, No. 09–996, slip op. (2010)...... 818 Walker v. New Mexico & So. Pac. R.R., 165 U.S. 593 (1897)...... 990, 1693, 1701 Walker v. Sauvinet, 92 U.S. 90 (1876)...... 1060, 1693, 1835, 2015 Walker v. Taylor, 46 U.S. (5 How.) 64 (1847)...... 875 Walker v. Tex. Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans, Inc., 576 U.S. ___, No. 14–144, slip op. at 1 (2015)...... 1264 Walker v. Wainwright, 390 U.S. 335 (1968)...... 713 Walker v. Whitehead, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 314 (1873)...... 413, 2370 Wallace v. Adams, 204 U.S. 415 (1907)...... 674 Wallace v. Hines, 253 U.S. 66 (1920)...... 1903, 2402 Wallace v. Jaffree, 466 U.S. 924 (1984)...... 2507 Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38 (1985)...... 1074, 1076, 1104, 2509 Wallace v. Sims, 415 U.S. 902 (1974)...... 2486 Wallace v. United States, 257 U.S. 541 (1922)...... 505, 587 Wallach v. Van Riswick, 92 U.S. 202 (1876)...... 926 Waller v. Florida, 397 U.S. 387 (1970)...... 1483 Waller v. Georgia, 467 U.S. 39 (1984)...... 1253, 1622 Walling v. Helmerich & Payne, 323 U.S. 37 (1944)...... 768 Walling v. Michigan, 116 U.S. 446 (1886)...... 2376 Walls v. Midland Carbon Co., 254 U.S. 300 (1920)...... 1884 Walsh v. Brewster, 255 U.S. 536 (1921)...... 2267 Walter v. United States, 347 U.S. 62 (1954)...... 1546 Walter v. United States, 447 U.S. 649 (1980)...... 1314, 1406 Walters v. City of St. Louis, 347 U.S. 231 (1954)...... 2106 Walters v. National Ass’n of Radiation Survivors, 473 U.S. 305 (1985)...... 1184, 2008 Walton v. Arizona, 497 U.S. 639 (1990)...... 1725, 1727–28, 2039, 2614 Walton v. House of Representatives, 265 U.S. 487 (1924)...... 783 Walton v. Southern Package Corp., 320 U.S. 540 (1944)...... 210 TABLE OF CASES 2779

Walz v. Tax Comm’n, 397 U.S. 664 (1970)...... 1074–75, 1080, 1092, 1094, 1109–10, 1121–22 Ward & Gow v. Krinsky, 259 U.S. 503 (1922)...... 1854, 2116 Ward v. Illinois, 431 U.S. 767 (1977)...... 1314, 1317–19 Ward v. Love County, 253 U.S. 17 (1920)...... 817, 1920 Ward v. Maryland, 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 418 (1871)...... 975, 2369 Ward v. Race Horse, 163 U.S. 504 (1896)...... 546–47, 984–85, 2614 Ward v. Rock Against Racism, 491 U.S. 781 (1989)...... 1173, 1286–87, 1311, 1329, 1334, 1354 Ward v. Texas, 316 U.S. 547 (1942)...... 1530 Ward v. Village of Monroeville, 409 U.S. 57 (1972)...... 2027, 2482 Wardair Canada v. Florida Dep’t of Revenue, 477 U.S. 1 (1986)...... 269 Warden v. Hayden, 387 U.S. 294 (1967)...... 1379, 1381, 1384, 1404, 1407–08, 1410, 2609 Wardius v. Oregon, 412 U.S. 470 (1973)...... 2016, 2029, 2484 Ware v. Hylton, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 199 (1796)...... 527, 538, 777, 781, 789, 791, 794, 1017 Ware v. Nichols, 266 F. Supp. 564 (N.D. Miss. 1967)...... 1289 Waring v. Clarke, 46 U.S. (5 How.) 441 (1847)...... 820–21, 823, 828, 1696 Waring v. The Mayor, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 110 (1869)...... 444 Warth v. Seldin, 422 U.S. 490 (1975)...... 731, 736, 739, 742–46, 749 Washington ex rel. Bond & Goodwin & Tucker v. Superior Court, 289 U.S. 361 (1933)...... 1991 Washington ex rel. Oregon R.R. & Nav. Co. v. Fairchild, 224 U.S. 510 (1912)...... 1872 Washington ex rel. Seattle Title Trust Co. v. Roberge, 278 U.S. 116 (1928)...... 1888, 2542 Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party, 128 S. Ct. 1184 (2008)...... 1171, 1189 Washington v. Chrisman, 455 U.S. 1 (1982)...... 1437 Washington v. Confederated Colville Tribes, 447 U.S. 134 (1980)...... 298–99, 2587 Washington v. Davis, 426 U.S. 229 (1976)...... 800, 2068, 2096–97, 2099–2101, 2131 Washington v. Dawson & Co., 264 U.S. 219 (1924)...... 384, 831, 2324 Washington v. General Motors Corp., 406 U.S. 109 (1972)...... 853, 872 Washington v. Glucksberg, 521 U.S. 702 (1997)...... 1371, 1926–27, 1958–59 Washington v. Harper, 494 U.S. 210 (1990)...... 2043, 2053, 2056 Washington v. McGrath, 341 U.S. 923 (1951)...... 1180 Washington v. Recuenco, 548 U.S. 212 (2006)...... 1629–30 Washington v. Seattle School Dist., 458 U.S. 457 (1982)... 2068, 2073, 2090–91, 2096, 2134–35, 2504 Washington v. Texas, 388 U.S. 14 (1967)...... 1062–63, 1065, 1659, 2469 Washington v. Washington State Commercial Passenger Fishing Vessel Ass’n, 443 U.S. 658 (1979)...... 297, 1049 Washington-Southern Nav. Co. v. Baltimore & P.S.B.C. Co., 263 U.S. 629 (1924)...... 718–19 Wasman v. United States, 468 U.S. 559 (1984)...... 2048 Watchtower Bible & Tract Soc’y v. Village of Stratton, 536 U.S. 150 (2002).... 1127, 1353, 1356, 2557 Water Co. v. City of Knoxville, 200 U.S. 22 (1906)...... 428 Waters Pierce Oil Co. v. Texas, 212 U.S. 86 (1909)...... 1876 Waters v. Churchill, 511 U.S. 661 (1994)...... 1223–24, 2085 Watkins v. Conway, 385 U.S. 188 (1965)...... 962 Watkins v. Sowders, 449 U.S. 341 (1981)...... 2026 Watkins v. United States, 354 U.S. 178 (1957)...... 97, 101–05, 107, 109, 111, 141, 1209, 1510 Watson v. Buck, 313 U.S. 387 (1941)...... 900 Watson v. City of Memphis, 373 U.S. 526 (1963)...... 2125 Watson v. Employers Liability Corp., 348 U.S. 66 (1954)...... 959, 1875, 2002, 2005 Watson v. Jones, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 679 (1872)...... 1078 Watson v. Maryland, 218 U.S. 173 (1910)...... 1881, 2085, 2113 Watson v. Mercer, 33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 88 (1834)...... 404 2780 TABLE OF CASES

Watson v. Tarpley, 59 U.S. (18 How.) 517 (1856)...... 860 Watt v. Energy Action Educational Foundation, 454 U.S. 151 (1981)...... 743 Watters v. Wachovia Bank, N.A., 550 U.S. 1 (2007)...... 1776, 2598 Watts v. Indiana, 338 U.S. 49 (1949)...... 1530, 1533, 1548 Watts v. United States, 1 Wash. Terr. 288 (1870)...... 555 Watts v. United States, 394 U.S. 705 (1969)...... 1175, 1292–94 Waxman v. Virginia, 371 U.S. 4 (1962)...... 2579 Wayman v. Southard, 23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 1 (1825)...... 67, 75–76, 79, 81, 686, 718 Wayte v. United States, 470 U.S. 598 (1985)...... 1210, 1568, 2096 Wearry v. Cain, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–10008, slip op. (2016)...... 2034 Weatherford v. Bursey, 429 U.S. 545 (1977)...... 1680 Weaver v. Graham, 450 U.S. 24 (1981)...... 2500 Weaver v. Palmer Bros., 270 U.S. 402 (1926)...... 1860, 1892, 2413 Webb v. O’Brien, 263 U.S. 313 (1923)...... 2158 Webb v. Webb, 451 U.S. 493 (1981)...... 816 Webber v. Virginia, 103 U.S. 344 (1881)...... 2374 Webb’s Fabulous Pharmacies v. Beckwith, 449 U.S. 155 (1980)...... 1609, 1840, 2500 Weber v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., 406 U.S. 164 (1972)... 2082, 2091, 2094, 2176–78, 2479 Weber v. Anheuser-Busch, Inc., 348 U.S. 468 (1955)...... 291–92 Weber v. Freed, 239 U.S. 325 (1915)...... 215 Weber v. Harbor Commissioners, 85 U.S. (18 Wall.) 57 (1873)...... 982 Webster v. Doe, 486 U.S. 592 (1988)...... 464, 590–91, 880, 886 Webster v. Reid, 52 U.S. (11 How.) 437 (1851)...... 1693 Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, 492 U.S. 490 (1989)...... 1933–34 Weedin v. Chin Bow, 274 U.S. 657 (1927)...... 483 Weeds, Inc. v. United States, 255 U.S. 109 (1921)...... 2323 Weeks v. Angelone, 528 U.S. 225 (2000)...... 1730 Weeks v. United States, 232 U.S. 383 (1914)...... 1380, 1421, 1455–56, 1459–60, 2608 Weems v. United States, 217 U.S. 349 (1910)...... 1715, 1750, 1752 Weinberger v. Rossi, 456 U.S. 25 (1982)...... 548, 550 Weinberger v. Salﬁ, 422 U.S. 749 (1975)...... 880, 886, 2014–15 Weinberger v. Wiesenfeld, 420 U.S. 636 (1975)...... 1567, 2170, 2173, 2328 Weinstein v. Bradford, 423 U.S. 147 (1975)...... 769 Weiss v. Stearn, 265 U.S. 242 (1924)...... 2263 Weiss v. United States, 308 U.S. 321 (1939)...... 194, 568, 571, 1447 Weiss v. United States, 510 U.S. 163 (1994)...... 568 Welch Co. v. New Hampshire, 306 U.S. 79 (1939)...... 248, 2114 Welch v. Cook, 97 U.S. 541 (1879)...... 417 Welch v. Henry, 305 U.S. 134 (1938)...... 1573, 1898, 2107 Welch v. Swasey, 214 U.S. 91 (1909)...... 1840, 1887, 2113 Welch v. Texas Dep’t of Highways and Transp., 483 U.S. 468 (1987)...... 1787, 1795, 2613 Welch v. United States, 578 U.S. ___, No. 15–6418, slip op. (2016)...... 773–75 Weller v. New York, 268 U.S. 319 (1925)...... 1882 Wellness International v. Sharif, 575 U.S. ___, No. 13–935, slip op. (2015)...... 682, 684 Wells Fargo & Co. v. Ford, 238 U.S. 503 (1915)...... 935 Wells v. Edwards, 347 F. Supp. 453 (M.D. La. 1972)...... 2193 Wells v. Rockefeller, 394 U.S. 542 (1969)...... 113, 2193–94, 2472 Wells v. Roper, 246 U.S. 335 (1918)...... 840, 842 Wells v. Simonds Abrasive Co., 345 U.S. 514 (1953)...... 864, 931, 955 Welsch v. Likins, 550 F.2d 1122 (8th Cir. 1977)...... 1956 Welsh v. United States, 398 U.S. 333 (1970)...... 801, 1112, 1128 Welton v. Missouri, 91 U.S. 275 (1875)...... 235, 237, 245, 249, 256, 2371 Wengler v. Druggists Mutual Ins. Co., 446 U.S. 142 (1980)..... 2166, 2168, 2170–71, 2173, 2499 TABLE OF CASES 2781

Werner Machine Co. v. Director of Taxation, 350 U.S. 492 (1956)...... 1036 Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964)...... 112, 119, 782, 2191, 2462, 2469, 2608 West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish, 300 U.S. 379 (1937).. 375, 1580, 1851, 1853, 2164, 2321, 2605 West Lynn Creamery, Inc. v. Healy, 512 U.S. 186 (1994)...... 249, 261, 2520 West Point Grocery Co. v. City of Opelika, 354 U.S. 390 (1957)...... 2547 West River Bridge Co. v. Dix, 47 U.S. (6 How.) 507 (1848)...... 429 West Side R.R. v. Pittsburgh Const. Co., 219 U.S. 92 (1911)...... 963 West v. American Tel. & Tel. Co., 311 U.S. 223 (1940)...... 863 West v. Kansas Gas Co., 221 U.S. 229 (1911)...... 260 West v. Louisiana, 194 U.S. 258 (1904)...... 1648, 2005, 2609 West Virginia State Bd. of Educ. v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)...... 804, 1064, 1127, 1169, 1176–77, 1179, 1224, 1262, 1357, 2607 Western & Atlantic R.R. v. Henderson, 279 U.S. 639 (1929)...... 2012, 2422 Western & Atlantic R.R. v. Public Comm’n, 267 U.S. 493 (1925)...... 1871 Western & Southern Life Ins. Co. v. State Bd. of Equalization, 451 U.S. 648 (1981)...... 241, 1970, 2105, 2290, 2292 Western Chem. Co. v. United States, 271 U.S. 268 (1926)...... 1557 Western Fuel Co. v. Garcia, 257 U.S. 233 (1921)...... 831–32, 834 Western Life Indemnity Co. v. Rupp, 235 U.S. 261 (1914)...... 953, 1988 Western Live Stock v. Bureau of Revenue, 303 U.S. 250 (1938)...... 245, 250 Western Loan & Savings Co. v. Butte & Boston Min. Co., 210 U.S. 368 (1908)...... 1988 Western Maid, 257 U.S. 419 (1922)...... 838 Western Oil Refg. Co. v. Lipscomb, 244 U.S. 346 (1917)...... 2399 Western Turf Ass’n v. Greenberg, 204 U.S. 359 (1907)...... 1838, 1882 Western Union Tel Co. v. Foster, 247 U.S. 105 (1918)...... 248 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Alabama, 132 U.S. 472 (1889)...... 2378 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Boegli, 251 U.S. 315 (1920)...... 2566 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Brown, 234 U.S. 542 (1914)...... 2394 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Chiles, 214 U.S. 274 (1909)...... 377 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Kansas, 216 U.S. 1 (1910)...... 1911, 2388 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Massachusetts, 125 U.S. 530 (1888)...... 2561 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Milling Co., 218 U.S. 406 (1910)...... 1835, 2115 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Pendleton, 122 U.S. 347 (1887)...... 2378 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Pennsylvania R.R., 195 U.S. 540 (1904)...... 1603 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Pennsylvania, 368 U.S. 71 (1961)...... 846, 935, 2001, 2004 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Richmond, 224 U.S. 160 (1912)...... 1869 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Speight, 254 U.S. 17 (1920)...... 180 Western Union Tel. Co. v. Texas, 105 U.S. 460 (1882)...... 185, 2374 Westfall v. Erwin, 484 U.S. 292 (1988)...... 275, 643, 917 Westhafer v. Worrell Newspapers, 469 U.S. 1200 (1985)...... 2508 Westinghouse Elec. Corp. v. Tully, 466 U.S. 388 (1984)...... 2507 Westinghouse Employees v. Westinghouse Corp., 348 U.S. 437 (1955)...... 2608 Weston v. Charleston, 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 449 (1829)...... 1034, 2535 Weston v. City Council of Charleston, 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 449 (1829)...... 2535 Westside Community Bd. of Educ. v. Mergens, 496 U.S. 226 (1990)...... 1107, 1226, 1228 Whalen v. Roe, 429 U.S. 589 (1977)...... 1942–45 Whalen v. United States, 445 U.S. 684 (1980)...... 1500–01 Wharton v. Wise, 153 U.S. 155 (1894)...... 450 Wheat v. United States, 486 U.S. 153 (1988)...... 1665–66, 1670 Wheaton v. Peters, 33 U.S. (8 Pet.) 591 (1834)...... 331, 336 Wheaton v. Wise, 153 U.S. 155 (1894)...... 19 Wheeldin v. Wheeler, 373 U.S. 647 (1963)...... 143, 807 Wheeler Lumber Co. v. United States, 281 U.S. 572 (1930)...... 159 2782 TABLE OF CASES

Wheeler v. Barrera, 417 U.S. 402 (1974)...... 1095 Wheeler v. Goodman, 298 F. Supp. 935 (W.D.N.C. 1969)...... 1453 Wheeler v. Jackson, 137 U.S. 245 (1890)...... 2010 Wheeler v. New York, 233 U.S. 434 (1914)...... 1907 Wheeling Steel Corp. v. Fox, 298 U.S. 193 (1936)...... 1902, 1906 Wheeling Steel Corp. v. Glander, 337 U.S. 562 (1949)...... 2083, 2105, 2445 Whitcomb v. Affeldt, 405 U.S. 1034 (1972)...... 2478 Whitcomb v. Chavis, 403 U.S. 124 (1971)...... 2099, 2194, 2201–04, 2247, 2476 Whitcomb v. Communist Party of Indiana, 410 U.S. 976 (1973)...... 1205, 2483 White Mountain Apache Tribe v. Bracker, 448 U.S. 136 (1980)...... 297–98, 2587 White River Turnpike Co. v. Vermont Cent. R. Co., 21 Vt. 590 (1849)...... 429 White v. Fenner, 29 Fed. Cas. 1015 (No. 17,547) (C.C.D.R.I. 1818)...... 880 White v. Hart, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 646 (1872)...... 2369 White v. Illinois, 502 U.S. 346 (1992)...... 1652 White v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 59 (1963)...... 1678–79 White v. Massachusetts Council of Construction Employers, 460 U.S. 204 (1983)...... 238, 242 White v. Ragen, 324 U.S. 760 (1945)...... 1664, 2031, 2050, 2053 White v. Regester, 412 U.S. 755 (1973)...... 2099, 2195, 2202–03, 2247, 2484 White v. Texas, 310 U.S. 530 (1940)...... 1530, 1532 White v. Weiser, 412 U.S. 783 (1973)...... 114, 2204, 2484 White v. Wheeler, 577 U.S. ___, No. 14–1372, slip op. at 7–8 (2015)...... 1642 Whitehead v. Shattuck, 138 U.S. 146 (1891)...... 1699 Whitehill v. Elkins, 389 U.S. 54 (1967)...... 1208, 2469 Whiteley v. Warden, 401 U.S. 560 (1971)...... 714, 1401–02 Whitﬁeld v. Aetna Life Ins. Co., 205 U.S. 489 (1907)...... 1881 Whitﬁeld v. Ohio, 297 U.S. 431 (1936)...... 968 Whitley v. Albers, 475 U.S. 312 (1986)...... 1758 Whitman v. American Trucking Ass’ns, 531 U.S. 457 (2001)...... 78–79, 84–86, 91 Whitmore v. Arkansas, 495 U.S. 149 (1990)...... 732, 745, 748, 756 Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927)...... 1143, 1156, 1158, 1197, 2610 Whitney v. Robertson, 124 U.S. 190 (1888)...... 529, 531–33, 536 Whitus v. Georgia, 385 U.S. 545 (1967)...... 2137–38 Whole Woman’s Health v. Hellerstedt, 579 U.S. ___, No. 15–274, slip op. (2016).. 802, 1939–41, 2533 Whorton v. Bockting, 549 U.S. 406 (2007)...... 773, 911, 1746–47 Whren v. United States, 517 U.S. 806 (1996)...... 1429 WHYY, Inc. v. Borough of Glassboro, 393 U.S. 117 (1968)...... 2472 WHYY, Inc. v. Glassboro, 393 U.S. 117 (1968)...... 2106, 2472 Wichita R.R. v. Public Util. Comm’n, 260 U.S. 48 (1922)...... 1863 Wichita Royalty Co. v. City National Bank, 306 U.S. 103 (1939)...... 866 Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111 (1942)...... 90, 180, 182, 204, 211, 221, 226, 1577 Widmar v. Vincent, 454 U.S. 263 (1981)...... 1096, 1107, 1226, 1285, 1333–34, 1336 Wieman v. Updegraff, 344 U.S. 183 (1952)...... 1206, 1217, 2449 Wiener v. United States, 357 U.S. 349 (1958)...... 582, 585 Wiggins Ferry Co. v. City of East St. Louis, 107 U.S. 365 (1883)...... 447 Wiggins v. Smith, 539 U.S. 510 (2003)...... 1671, 1673 Wight v. Davidson, 181 U.S. 371 (1901)...... 1553 Wilburn Boat Co. v. Firemen’s Fund Ins. Co., 348 U.S. 310 (1955)...... 821, 824, 831 Wilcox v. McConnel, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 498 (1839)...... 614, 990 Wiley v. Sinkler, 179 U.S. 58 (1900)...... 116, 1834 Wilkerson v. McCarthy, 336 U.S. 53 (1949)...... 1705 Wilkerson v. Utah, 99 U.S. 130 (1878)...... 1715–16, 1734 Wilkes County v. Coler, 180 U.S. 506 (1901)...... 411 TABLE OF CASES 2783

Wilkes v. Wood, 98 Eng. 489 (C.P. 1763)...... 1378 Wilkie v. Robbins, 551 U.S. 537 (2007)...... 810 Wilkins v. Gaddy, 559 U.S. ___, No. 08–10914, slip op. (2010)...... 1758 Wilkins v. Missouri, 492 U.S. 361 (1989)...... 1742 Wilkinson v. Austin, 545 U.S. 209 (2005)...... 1977, 2056 Wilkinson v. Jones, 480 U.S. 926 (1987)...... 2511 Wilkinson v. United States, 365 U.S. 399 (1961)...... 101–02, 105–06, 109, 1167, 1169, 1209 Wilko v. Swann, 346 U.S. 427 (1953)...... 2613 Will v. Calvert Fire Insurance Co., 437 U.S. 655 (1978)...... 894 Will v. Michigan Dep’t of State Police, 491 U.S. 58 (1989)...... 1800 Willamette Iron Bridge Co. v. Hatch, 125 U.S. 1 (1888)...... 248, 984–85 Willcox v. Consolidated Gas Co., 212 U.S. 19 (1909)...... 1864, 1867, 2387 Willcuts v. Bunn, 282 U.S. 216 (1931)...... 159, 1037 William Jameson & Co. v. Morgenthau, 307 U.S. 171 (1939)...... 2293 Williams v. Arkansas, 217 U.S. 79 (1910)...... 2114 Williams v. Austrian, 331 U.S. 642 (1947)...... 814 Williams v. Bruffy, 102 U.S. 248 (1880)...... 795 Williams v. Bruffy, 96 U.S. 176 (1878)...... 402, 795, 889, 974 Williams v. City of Talladega, 226 U.S. 404 (1912)...... 2538 Williams v. Fears, 179 U.S. 270 (1900)...... 178, 976, 1835 Williams v. Florida, 399 U.S. 78 (1970)...... 803, 1061–63, 1065–66, 1515, 1626–27, 1629, 1638, 1646, 1692, 2610 Williams v. Georgia, 349 U.S. 375 (1955)...... 818 Williams v. Illinois, 399 U.S. 235 (1970)...... 1713, 2217, 2474 Williams v. Illinois, 567 U.S. ___, No. 10–8505, slip op. (2012)...... 1654 Williams v. Kaiser, 323 U.S. 471 (1945)...... 817, 1663–64 Williams v. Lee, 358 U.S. 217 (1959)...... 989 Williams v. Mayor of Baltimore, 289 U.S. 36 (1933)...... 1196, 1839, 2083 Williams v. Miller, 317 U.S. 599 (1942)...... 900 Williams v. Mississippi, 170 U.S. 213 (1898)...... 918, 2247 Williams v. Moss, 378 U.S. 558 (1964)...... 2464 Williams v. New York, 337 U.S. 241 (1949)...... 2046–47 Williams v. North Carolina, 317 U.S. 287 (1942)...... 939–41, 943, 945, 2606 Williams v. North Carolina, 325 U.S. 226 (1945)...... 939–44 Williams v. Oklahoma City, 395 U.S. 458 (1969)...... 2216 Williams v. Oklahoma, 358 U.S. 576 (1959)...... 2046, 2491 Williams v. Oklahoma, 428 U.S. 907 (1976)...... 2491 Williams v. Pennsylvania, 579 U.S. ___, No. 15–5040, slip op. at 1 (2016)...... 1964–65 Williams v. Rhodes, 393 U.S. 23 (1968)...... 119, 478, 886, 1188, 2093, 2188, 2190, 2471 Williams v. Standard Oil Co., 278 U.S. 235 (1929)...... 1860, 2420 Williams v. Suffolk Ins. Co., 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) 415 (1839)...... 609, 780, 782 Williams v. Taylor, 529 U.S. 362 (2000)...... 1675 Williams v. United States, 255 U.S. 336 (1921)...... 399 Williams v. United States, 289 U.S. 553 (1933)...... 667, 672, 674, 677–78, 686 Williams v. United States, 341 U.S. 97 (1951)...... 2069–70, 2228–29, 2249 Williams v. United States, 401 U.S. 646 (1971)...... 772, 1424–25 Williams v. United States, 42 U.S. (1 How.) 290 (1843)...... 614–15 Williams v. Vermont, 472 U.S. 14 (1985)...... 2509 Williams v. Wallace, 240 F.Supp. 100 (M.D. Ala. 1965)...... 514 Williams v. Zuckert, 371 U.S. 531 (1963)...... 1559 Williams-Yulee v. Fla. Bar, 575 U.S. ___, No. 13–1499, slip op. (2015)...... 1230, 1286 Williamson County Regional Planning Comm’n v. Hamilton Bank, 473 U.S. 172 (1985)...... 1610–11 2784 TABLE OF CASES

Williamson v. Ball, 49 U.S. (8 How.) 566 (1850)...... 2604 Williamson v. Berry, 49 U.S. (8 How.) 495 (1850)...... 860, 2604 Williamson v. Irish Presbyterian Congregation, 49 U.S. (8 How.) 565 (1850)...... 2604 Williamson v. Lee Optical Co., 348 U.S. 483 (1955)...... 87, 381, 1846, 1883, 2086–87, 2112 Williamson v. Mazda Motor of America, Inc., 562 U.S. ___, No. 08–1314, slip op. (2011)...... 281 Williamson v. Osenton, 232 U.S. 619 (1914)...... 856, 859 Williamson v. United States, 207 U.S. 425 (1908)...... 138 Willing v. Chicago Auditorium Ass’n, 277 U.S. 274 (1928)...... 759 Willingham v. Morgan, 395 U.S. 402 (1969)...... 807, 809, 917 Willner v. Committee on Character, 373 U.S. 96 (1963)...... 2460 Willson v. Black Bird Creek Marsh Co., 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 245 (1829)...... 234 Wilmette Park Dist. v. Campbell, 338 U.S. 411 (1949)...... 159, 161 Wilmington & Weldon R.R. v. King, 91 U.S. 3 (1875)...... 435, 2371 Wilmington Mining Co. v. Fulton, 205 U.S. 60 (1907)...... 1835, 1853 Wilmington R.R. v. Reid, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 264 (1872)...... 2369 Wilson v. Arkansas, 514 U.S. 927 (1995)...... 1411, 1463 Wilson v. Cook, 327 U.S. 474 (1946)...... 984, 989 Wilson v. Daniel, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 401 (1798)...... 2603 Wilson v. Eureka City, 173 U.S. 32 (1899)...... 2117 Wilson v. Gaines, 103 U.S. 417 (1881)...... 427 Wilson v. Girard, 354 U.S. 524 (1957)...... 553 Wilson v. Kelley, 294 F. Supp. 1005 (N.D. Ga. 1968)...... 2144 Wilson v. Layne, 526 U.S. 603 (1999)...... 1412 Wilson v. Loew’s, Inc., 355 U.S. 597 (1958)...... 816 Wilson v. New, 243 U.S. 332 (1917)...... 207 Wilson v. North Carolina, 169 U.S. 586 (1898)...... 2015 Wilson v. Schnettler, 365 U.S. 381 (1961)...... 901, 1457 Wilson v. Seiter, 501 U.S. 294 (1991)...... 1758 Wilson v. Seligman, 144 U.S. 41 (1892)...... 1988 Wilson v. Standefer, 184 U.S. 399 (1902)...... 435 Wilson v. United States, 149 U.S. 60 (1893)...... 1513 Wilson v. United States, 162 U.S. 613 (1896)...... 1526, 1532 Wilson v. United States, 221 U.S. 361 (1911)...... 1509, 1520 Wilton v. Seven Falls Co., 515 U.S. 277 (1995)...... 761 Wimmer v. United States, 253 U.S. 494 (1920)...... 920 Winona & St. Peter Land Co. v. Minnesota, 159 U.S. 526 (1895)...... 1919 Winona & St. Peter R.R. v. Blake, 94 U.S. 180 (1877)...... 2082 Winston v. Lee, 470 U.S. 753 (1985)...... 1408 Winters v. New York, 333 U.S. 507 (1948)...... 748, 1171, 1311, 2018–19, 2444 Wiscart v. D’Auchy, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 321 (1796)...... 708, 873 Wisconsin & Michigan Ry. v. Powers, 191 U.S. 379 (1903)...... 417–18 Wisconsin Dep’t of Corrections v. Schacht, 524 U.S. 381 (1998)...... 1805 Wisconsin Dep’t of Industry v. Gould, Inc., 475 U.S. 282 (1986)...... 290, 2591 Wisconsin Gas Co. v. United States, 322 U.S. 526 (1944)...... 1905 Wisconsin Public Intervenor v. Mortier, 501 U.S. 597 (1991)...... 273–74, 289 Wisconsin R.R. Comm’n v. Chicago, B. & Q. R.R., 257 U.S. 563 (1922)...... 182, 194, 247 Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. v. Federal Election Comm’n, 546 U.S. 410, 412 (2006)...... 1243, 2355 Wisconsin v. City of New York, 517 U.S. 1 (1996)...... 123 Wisconsin v. Constantineau, 400 U.S. 433 (1971)...... 87, 894–95, 1975–76, 2291, 2475 Wisconsin v. FPC, 373 U.S. 294 (1963)...... 1868 Wisconsin v. Illinois, 278 U.S. 367 (1929)...... 187 TABLE OF CASES 2785

Wisconsin v. J.C. Penney Co., 311 U.S. 435 (1940)...... 1913 Wisconsin v. Minnesota Mining Co., 311 U.S. 452 (1940)...... 1913 Wisconsin v. Mitchell, 508 U.S. 476 (1993)...... 1180, 1295 Wisconsin v. Pelican Ins. Co., 127 U.S. 265 (1888)...... 850, 871, 931, 935, 951–52, 962 Wisconsin v. Philadelphia & Reading Coal Co., 241 U.S. 329 (1916)...... 2398 Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972)...... 1073, 1077, 1123, 1130, 1134, 1136, 2479 Wisconsin, M. & P.R.R. v. Jacobson, 179 U.S. 287 (1900)...... 1872 Wise v. Lipscomb, 437 U.S. 535 (1978)...... 2204 Wissner v. Wissner, 338 U.S. 655 (1950)...... 354, 2575 Withers v. Buckley, 61 U.S. (20 How.) 84 (1858)...... 984–85, 1059 Witherspoon v. Illinois, 391 U.S. 510 (1968)...... 1637, 1640–43, 1720, 2471 Withnell v. Ruecking Constr. Co., 249 U.S. 63 (1919)...... 1917 Withrow v. Larkin, 421 U.S. 35 (1975)...... 1963 Withrow v. Williams, 507 U.S. 680 (1993)...... 1538, 1549 Witte v. United States, 515 U.S. 389 (1995)...... 1499, 1503 Witters v. Washington Dept. of Services for the Blind, 474 U.S. 481 (1986)... 1084, 1091, 1096, 1099 Wittman v. Personhuballah, 578 U.S. ___, No. 14–1504, slip op. (2016)...... 742, 751 WMCA, Inc. v. Lomenzo, 238 F. Supp. 916 (S.D.N.Y. 1965)...... 2198 WMCA, Inc. v. Lomenzo, 377 U.S. 633 (1964)...... 2192, 2463 Wolf v. Colorado, 338 U.S. 25 (1949)...... 1064, 1447, 1456–60, 2608 Wolfe v. North Carolina, 364 U.S. 177 (1960)...... 818 Wolff Packing Co. v. Industrial Court, 262 U.S. 522 (1923)...... 1848, 1856, 1859, 2408–09 Wolff Packing Co. v. Industrial Court, 267 U.S. 552 (1925)...... 1856 Wolff v. McDonnell, 418 U.S. 539 (1974)...... 1686, 1977, 2052–55 Wolman v. Walter, 433 U.S. 229 (1977)...... 1083–84, 1086, 1088, 1090, 1092, 2494, 2614 Wolsey v. Chapman, 101 U.S. 755 (1880)...... 615 Wolston v. Reader’s Digest Ass’n, 443 U.S. 157 (1979)...... 1301–02 Wong Doo v. United States, 265 U.S. 239 (1924)...... 908 Wong Sun v. United States, 371 U.S. 471 (1963)...... 1392, 1411, 1462, 1467, 1532 Wong v. Belmontes, 558 U.S. ___, No. 08–1263 (2009)...... 1672 Wong Wing v. United States, 163 U.S. 228 (1896)...... 1477, 1552, 2316 Wong Yang Sung v. McGrath, 339 U.S. 33 (1950)...... 317, 1557, 1562, 1963 Wood v. Bartholomew, 516 U.S. 1 (1995)...... 2032 Wood v. Broom, 287 U.S. 1 (1932)...... 112, 127, 2191 Wood v. Chesborough, 228 U.S. 672 (1913)...... 817 Wood v. Georgia, 370 U.S. 375 (1962)...... 699, 1162, 1670 Wood v. Georgia, 450 U.S. 261 (1981)...... 1670 Wood v. Lovett, 313 U.S. 362 (1941)...... 413–14, 2438 Wood v. Strickland, 420 U.S. 308 (1975)...... 2064 Woodby v. INS, 385 U.S. 276 (1966)...... 1562, 2012 Wooddell v. International Bhd. of Electrical Workers Local 71, 502 U.S. 93 (1991)...... 1695 Woodford v. Visciotti, 537 U.S. 19 (2002)...... 1672 Woodruff v. Parham, 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 123 (1869)...... 231, 235, 239, 442–43 Woodruff v. Trapnall, 51 U.S. (10 How.) 190 (1851)...... 403, 2365 Woods v. Cloyd W. Miller Co., 333 U.S. 138 (1948)...... 360, 495, 612, 781 Woods v. Interstate Realty Co., 337 U.S. 535 (1949)...... 864 Woods v. Stone, 333 U.S. 472 (1948)...... 1576 Woodson v. North Carolina, 428 U.S. 280 (1976)...... 1641, 1715, 1721–24, 1727–29, 2491 Wooley v. Maynard, 430 U.S. 705 (1977)...... 762, 765, 904, 1177, 1262, 2492 Worcester County Trust Co. v. Riley, 302 U.S. 292 (1937)...... 1805, 1910 Worcester v. Georgia, 31 U.S. (6 Pet.) 515 (1832)...... 299, 546, 781, 890, 2559 Workman v. City of New York, 179 U.S. 552 (1900)...... 1793 2786 TABLE OF CASES

World-Wide Volkswagen Corp. v. Woodson, 444 U.S. 286 (1980)...... 1986, 1995–97, 2002 Worthen Co. v. Kavanaugh, 295 U.S. 56 (1935)...... 2431 Wos v. E.M.A., 568 U.S. ___, No. 12–98, slip op. (2013)...... 285 Wright v. Central of Georgia Ry., 236 U.S. 674 (1915)...... 2396 Wright v. Davidson, 181 U.S. 371 (1901)...... 375 Wright v. Emporia City Council, 407 U.S. 451 (1972)...... 2096 Wright v. Georgia R.R. & Banking Co., 216 U.S. 420 (1910)...... 427 Wright v. Georgia, 373 U.S. 284 (1963)...... 2461 Wright v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 236 U.S. 687 (1915)...... 2396 Wright v. Nagle, 101 U.S. 791 (1880)...... 411 Wright v. Roanoke Redevelopment & Housing Auth., 479 U.S. 418 (1987)...... 174 Wright v. Rockefeller, 376 U.S. 52 (1964)...... 2197, 2247 Wright v. Union Central Ins. Co., 304 U.S. 502 (1938)...... 319, 1578 Wright v. Union Central Ins. Co., 311 U.S. 273 (1940)...... 1578 Wright v. United States, 302 U.S. 583 (1938)...... 149, 151, 782 Wright v. Van Patten, 128 S. Ct. 743 (2008)...... 1676, 1750 Wright v. Vinton Branch, 300 U.S. 440 (1937)...... 319, 1578 Wright v. West, 505 U.S. 277 (1992)...... 906–07 Wuchter v. Pizzutti, 276 U.S. 13 (1928)...... 937, 1988, 2418 Wyandotte Gas Co. v. Kansas, 231 U.S. 622 (1914)...... 428 Wyandotte Transportation Co. v. United States, 389 U.S. 191 (1967)...... 187 Wyatt v. Aderholt, 503 F.2d 1305 (5th Cir. 1974)...... 1955 Wyatt v. Stickney, 325 F. Supp. 781 (M.D. Ala. 1971)...... 1955 Wyeth v. Levine, 555 U.S. ___, No. 06–1249, slip op. (2009)...... 286 Wygant v. Jackson Bd. of Education, 476 U.S. 267 (1986)...... 2149–50 Wyman v. Bowens, 397 U.S. 49 (1970)...... 2207, 2474, 2611 Wyman v. James, 400 U.S. 309 (1971)...... 1397–98, 1970 Wyman v. Lopez, 404 U.S. 1055 (1972)...... 2477 Wynhamer v. The People, 13 N.Y. 378 (1856)...... 1553 Wyoming v. Houghton, 526 U.S. 295 (1999)...... 1431 Wyoming v. Oklahoma, 502 U.S. 437 (1992)...... 237, 260, 846, 872, 2518 X Xerox Corp. v. County of Harris, 459 U.S. 145 (1982)...... 445 Y Yakus v. United States, 321 U.S. 414 (1944)...... 78, 80, 84–85, 87, 92, 361, 369, 686, 718, 879, 1696 Yamaha Motor Corp. v. Calhoun, 516 U.S. 199 (1996)...... 835 Yarborough v. Alvarado, 541 U.S. 652 (2004)...... 1538, 1540 Yarborough v. Gentry, 540 U.S. 1 (2003)...... 1672 Yarborough v. Yarborough, 290 U.S. 202 (1933)...... 947 Yates v. Aiken, 484 U.S. 211, 218 (1988)...... 1021 Yates v. City of Milwaukee, 77 U.S. (10 Wall.) 497 (1870)...... 860 Yates v. United States, 354 U.S. 298 (1957)...... 367, 1164, 1175, 1199, 2611 Yazoo & M.V.R.R. v. Jackson Vinegar Co., 226 U.S. 217 (1912)...... 745, 1873, 2008 Yazoo & M.V.R.R. v. Mullins, 249 U.S. 531 (1919)...... 2566 Ybarra v. Illinois, 444 U.S. 85 (1979)...... 1388, 1412, 1431, 1463–64 Yeager v. United States, 557 U.S. ___, No. 08–67 (2009)...... 1479–80, 1486, 1505 Yee Hem v. United States, 268 U.S. 178 (1925)...... 1515, 2039–40 Yee v. City of Escondido, 503 U.S. 519 (1992)...... 1604 Yeiser v. Dysart, 267 U.S. 540 (1925)...... 1855 Yellin v. United States, 374 U.S. 109 (1963)...... 106 Yellow Freight System, Inc. v. Donnelly, 494 U.S. 820 (1990)...... 888 TABLE OF CASES 2787

Yiatchos v. Yiatchos, 376 U.S. 306 (1964)...... 866 Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356 (1886)..... 905, 1838, 2069, 2083–84, 2086, 2096, 2117, 2122, 2157, 2535 York Manufacturing Co. v. Colley, 247 U.S. 21 (1918)...... 178 York v. Texas, 137 U.S. 15 (1890)...... 1988 Yost v. Dallas County, 236 U.S. 50 (1915)...... 436 Young Co. v. McNeal-Edwards Co., 283 U.S. 398 (1931)...... 2007 Young v. American Mini Theatres, 427 U.S. 50 (1976)...... 748, 1153, 1171, 1327, 1329, 1839 Young v. Masci, 289 U.S. 253 (1933)...... 1894 Young v. Ragan, 337 U.S. 235 (1949)...... 2050 Young v. United States ex rel. Vuitton, 481 U.S. 787 (1987)...... 471, 573, 698 Young v. United States, 315 U.S. 257 (1942)...... 729 Young v. United States, 97 U.S. 39 (1878)...... 922 Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307 (1982)...... 1955, 2080 Youngblood v. West Virginia, 126 S. Ct. 2188 (2006)...... 2035 Youngdahl v. Rainfair, 355 U.S. 131 (1957)...... 292, 1343 Younger v. Gilmore, 404 U.S. 15 (1971)...... 2053, 2217 Younger v. Harris, 401 U.S. 37 (1971)...... 108, 762, 764, 893, 895–96, 900, 902, 904, 1289 Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Bowers, 358 U.S. 534 (1959)...... 444 Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer, 343 U.S. 579 (1952).. 67, 459, 462, 464–66, 496, 608, 628, 632, 634, 636–37, 639, 642 Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Ass’n, 129 S. Ct. 1093 (2009)...... 1196 Z Z. & F. Assets Corp. v. Hull, 311 U.S. 470 (1941)...... 611 Zablocki v. Redhail, 434 U.S. 374 (1978)...... 894, 1951–52, 2095, 2209, 2224, 2495 Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co., 433 U.S. 562 (1977)...... 1309 Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678 (2001)...... 1563 Zahn v. Board of Pub. Works, 274 U.S. 325 (1927)...... 1598, 1887 Zahn v. International Paper Co., 414 U.S. 291 (1974)...... 854 Zakonaite v. Wolf, 226 U.S. 272 (1912)...... 1562, 1616 Zane v. Hamilton County, 189 U.S. 370 (1903)...... 432 Zant v. Stephens, 462 U.S. 862 (1983)...... 1728–29, 1732 Zap v. United States, 328 U.S. 624 (1946)...... 1433, 2607 Zap v. United States, 330 U.S. 800 (1947)...... 2607 Zauderer v. Office of Disciplinary Counsel, 471 U.S. 626 (1985)...... 1179, 1267, 1274 Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639 (2002)...... 1074, 1085, 1097 Zemel v. Rusk, 381 U.S. 1 (1965)...... 360, 1202 Ziang Sun Wan v. United States, 266 U.S. 1 (1924)...... 1526 Zicarelli v. New Jersey State Comm’n of Investigation, 406 U.S. 472 (1972)...... 1516, 1519 Ziffrin, Inc. v. Reeves, 308 U.S. 132 (1939)...... 2288 Zimmer v. McKeithen, 485 F.2d 1297 (5th Cir. 1973)...... 2100 Zinermon v. Burch, 494 U.S. 113 (1990)...... 2054, 2064 Zivotofsky v. Kerry, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–628, slip op. (2014)...... 2357 Zivotofsky v. Kerry, 576 U.S. ___, No. 13–628, slip op. (2015)...... 465–69, 605, 2357 Zivotofsky v. Secretary of State, 725 F.3d 197, 203, 221 (D.C. Cir. 2013)...... 468 Zivotosky v. Clinton, 566 U.S. ___, No. 10–699, slip op. (2010)...... 788 Zobel v. Williams, 457 U.S. 55 (1982)...... 968, 2086, 2089, 2095, 2206, 2208, 2503 Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School Dist., 509 U.S. 1 (1993)...... 1076, 1084, 1091, 1097 Zorach v. Clauson, 343 U.S. 306 (1952)...... 735, 1074–75, 1082, 1101, 1103, 1115 Zschernig v. Miller, 389 U.S. 429 (1968)...... 561–63, 2470 Zucht v. King, 260 U.S. 174 (1922)...... 1924 Zurcher v. Stanford Daily, 436 U.S. 547 (1978)...... 1147, 1249, 1407–08, 1943 Zweibon v. Mitchell, 516 F.2d 594 (D.C. Cir. 1975)...... 1452 2788 TABLE OF CASES

Zwickler v. Koota, 389 U.S. 241 (1967)...... 761–62, 797, 894–95, 902, 1171, 1353