Vol. IX No. 4 APRIL. 1954 INFORMATION ISSUED By THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN 8 FAIRFAX MANSIONS, OfTia and Con^ultint Hours: FINCHLEY RCAD (Corner Fairfax Road), Monday to Thursday IOa.m.—t p.m. 3—6 p.m. LONDON. N.W.3 Friday IOa.m.—t p.m. Te/et>>iane: MA'da VaU 9096/7 (Ganeral Office) Sunday 10 a.m.—I p.m. MAIda Vale 4449 (Emplo/menc Atency) (AJK Social Services Department only)

SOME FACTS GERMAN JEWRY'S RIGHTS IGNORED The Jewish Restitution Successor Organisation (JRSO) was appointed by the American Military . It is with regret that we have to announce " operating agent" imphed the full and Government in 1948 in order to recover Jewish exclusive use and expenditure of all funds communal, heirless and unclaimed property in the a very unpleasant development in Jewish American Zone of Germany. The Board of Directors life that concerns the relations of Jews from receovered from German Jewish property. consists of delegates of twelve leading Jewish Germany with the international Jewish organisations, including the Joint and the Jewish At a later stage, responsible spokesmen of Agency which are acting as " operating agents." welfare organisations. The " Council for the the " operating agents " assured the repre­ Protection of the Rights and Interests of Apart from the Federation of Jewish Communities sentatives of the Council unequivocally that in the U.S. Zone, the " Council of Jews from Jews from Germany " has been compelled to in any case the Council's demands for its Germany " is the only organisation by which the withdraw from the Jewish Restitution Suc­ welfare projects would be satisfied out of the Nazi victims themselves are represented at the cessor Organisation (JRSO). This body was money paid by the German Government to Board of Directors. According to an American appointed by the American Mihtary Govern­ Military Order, a Successor Organisation has to use the so-called " Claims Conference." As the the recovered assets for the benefit of all members ment after the war in order to recover Jewish leading men of JRSO and of the Claims of the group or class it represents. By September communal, heirless and unclaimed property Conference are practically identical, the 1953, JRSO had received 68 million D.M. gross ; in the American Zone of Germany, so that Coimcil trusted these promises and refrained the net proceeds were allocated to the two it should not be acquired by the German " operating agents," the Jewish Agency (38 million from public actions to defend its rights. D.M.) and the Joint (18 million D.M.). The claim authorities. repeatedly made by the " Council of Jews from On March 2 the Executive Board of JRSO, Germany " to a share in this former German Jewish Withdrawal from JRSO meeting in New York, again rejected the property was rejected. demands of the Council (which anyhow had The organisation recovering the communal, We are publishing overleaf the letter which been substantially reduced in view of the fact heirless and unclaimed property in the British Zone of Germany is the " Jewish Trust Corporation " Rabbi Leo Baeck, the venerated leader of that the funds collected by JRSO in the past (J.T.C.). For the allocation of its proceeds the German Jewry, has had to address to the had already been expended). It again tried following arrangements have been made : Two- Board of JRSO after this body had declined to offer a vague and evasive arrangement to thirds are to be allotted to the Joint and the Jewish to meet even the modest claims submitted by which the Council, after its bitter experi­ Agency. Of the remaining 33 per cent, a quarter the Council. The letter is self-explanatory. (i.e. 8 per cent of the total) are to go to the " Council ences, could not accede. There was no of Jews from Germany" to be used for social There can be no doubt that a man of the alternative but to end the Council's member­ projects of the Council's member organisations in dignity and moderation of Dr. Baeck has ship of JRSO, thus indicating that the countries other than Great Britain, Israel and U.S.A. only with great reluctance considered it his Council was no longer responsible for or in The remaining 25 per cent are to be used for social duty to take such a drastic step. But after schemes in Great Britain. For the distribution of agreement with the activities of JRSO. these funds in Great Britain an Allocation Com­ more than fom- years of frustration and mittee has been set up under the auspices of the useless talk no other attitude was possible, No Share in German Payments Central British Fund ; it consists of ten members, Unless the Council was prepared to abandon three of whom are representatives of the .\JR. its care for the interests of the former It is the intention of the Allocation Committee to The promise that the Claims Conference use part of the money for individual support, but German Jews. would allocate funds to meet the social needs the bulk for the establishment of Homes for the It should be repeated—a fact well known of Jews from Germany, represented by the .\ged and Infirm and of a flatlet home. It must, to our readers—that the Council never took Coimcil, was not kept either. The Claims however, be kept in mind that, as the J.T.C. started Conference allocated the bulk of this year's its operations considerably later than JRSO, the separate steps to secxu-e rehabilitation of funds to be expected in the near future will be those Jews who originally came from Ger­ funds to the American Joint Distribution rather limited and that also in the long run the many and who are now members of the Committee. Experts of the Joint were proceeds in the British Zone will be considerably affiUated organisations of the Council (of appointed to investigate the social and smaller than in the American Zone. "AJR cultural projects which the Council had sub­ Information " will keep its readers informed of any which the AJR is one). It would not have further developments. been difficult, for instance, to approach the mitted to the Claims Conference. It is a The " Conference on Jewish Material Claims German Federal Government with such curious fact that thus the same organisation against Germany " (" Claims Conference ") was set requests, as it is well known that the Bonn acted as expert, claimant, and judge in its up after Chancellor Dr. Adenauer had promised Government still feels a special responsibility own cause. The investigators rejected the global recompense to the State of Israel and to the Jewish victims of Nazi persecution outside Israel. towards former German citizens whose lives claims of the Council. This happened in spite It acted as the representative body of the non- have been uprooted by the Nazis. Many of of previous commitments such as a letter of Israeli organisations during the Hague negotiations them have no indiv-idual claims to restitution July 25, 1952, in which the President of the and, as the result of these negotiations, is to receive or indemnification under the existing laws, Claims Conference, Dr. Nahmn Goldmann, global recompense of 450 million D.M. in annual had written to Dr. Leo Baeck : " We agreed instalments. The Headquarters of the Claims whilst in many other cases the claims are too Conference in New York are identical with those of limited to affect their status substantially. on the principle that the Council should JRSO and the Joint. The " Council of Jews from The Council refrained from any independent receive a share of the Conference award." Germany " is represented at the Executive of the steps because it believed that in matters After the failure of attempts to have the Claims Conference. According to tlie Hague recommendations of the investigators modi­ Agreement, the payments of the German Federal like these the Jews aU over the world should Government are to be used for the relief.rehabilita- act as one body. In accordance with this fied, the Council's representative at the tion and resettlement of Nazi victims. At the Board attitude, the Council joined the organisations Claims Conference, Dr. Rudolf Callmann, Meeting in New York on March 21, the funds which formed JRSO, and it also agreed that refused to attend the meeting of the Claims abailabie this year were allocated. Of the total of the " Jewish Agency for Palestine " and the Conference in New York on March 21. At 9.5 million dollars, 6.6 million dollars were allocated to the Joint. The " Council of Jews from Germany " " American Joint Distribution Committee," this meeting the funds for the year 1954 were had submitted a comprehensive programme, sub­ as the leading international relief organisa­ allocated as suggested by the investigators, stantiating the needs of former German Jews all tions, should be appointed " operating i.e. at the total exclusion of the Council. over the world. Its claim was rejected. As readers agents" of JRSO. It was, however, not The present position is therefore that both will see from the article published in this issue, the understood at the time, that the function of representatives of the Council therefore refused to ConUiMUd on p»tt 2 attend the Meeting of the Claims Conference. Paft* 2 AJR INFORMATION April, 1954 tlonlimud from fmU pmf. Dr. BAECK'S LETTER TO JRSO JRSO and the Claims Conference have re­ jected the claim of the " Council of Jews New York, March 12, 1954. This melancholy experience lasted for more from Germany " to a share in the communal Gentlemen, than four years, but we kept on hoping that and heirless property in the American Zone finally we should meet with some reasonable of Germany and in the payments of the Five years ago, when JRSO was estab­ understanding. Once an amount of $200,000 German Federal Government respectively. lished, we eagerly looked forward to a con­ was granted in the realm of the Claims Con­ structive co-operation with JRSO. We ference. It was granted to an American Gratitude to Relief Organisations strongly hoped that we would be allowed to institution. Help and Reconstruction, Inc. ; help in meeting the honest and reasonable nothing has hitherto been given, in spite of The deplorable rift in the structure of issues. our urgent demands, to former German Jews Jewish organisational life at a time when The funds which were to be disposed of in other countries, in spite of the emergencies solidarity is needed, should not be misinter­ were funds earned by the parents, the that prevailed here and there. preted as ingratitude on the part of German ancestors, and the relatives of those Jews After we had submitted a detailed memor­ Jews or as their dissociation from the two who had lived in Germany and were granted andum outlining our position in the meeting great Jewish organisations which act as refuge in various countries. These people of JRSO of November 30, 1953, we entered " operating agents " for JRSO. Nobody who through their industry and talent had the last meeting expecting that finally the could regret more than we do that we have acquired these funds had a very fine record reasonable grant which we had requested now been forced to inform the public of what of social feeling and were always prepared to and waited for for more than four years, has been going on for some time. We are help Jews in distress, regardless where they would at last be made. Yet the method of not blind to the great merits of these organi­ lived. evading the real issue was applied again, and sations, but we cannot accept their monopoly From the beginning we stressed the point we feel deeply disappointed and disillusioned. nor can we acquiesce in our own exclusion. that these funds should, nevertheless, be Looking back, we think that we are As to the Jewish Agency which uses the used foi the benefit of all Jews who were in entitled to say that we have shown a great money for the rehabilitation and re-settlement need. We are conscious of the obUgation to deal of patience and a steady wish to co­ of Jews in Israel—among them many victims follow the example established by the Jews operate honestly. But now we do not see of Nazi persecution—German Jews have in Germany time and again. any possibihty or any hope that our justified never objected that part, indeed the hon's We only requested that some part of the requests based on our strong title will be share of the funds of JRSO should be allo­ money be earmarked for the refugees from recognized. To our profound regret we ai-e cated for that piupose. As long as Jewish Germany and for those who had remained in bound to withdraw herewith from JRSO. life flourished in Germany, and even during Germany or for some reason had returned the first years after 1933, Jews of all shades there. The justification of this request Yours very truly. of opinion, non-Zionists as well as Zionists, seemed to be self-evident to us. COUNCIL FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS contributed generously to Zionist funds as From year to year, however, every reason­ they did to all communal Jewish activities in able request that we placed before the Board AND INTERESTS OF JEWS FROM GERMANY the national and international field. Those of JRSO was in some way or other put off. (Signed) L. BAECK. former German Jews, dispersed in many countries, who are in a position to do so now, are upholding this tradition. It is no apparently created a corresponding pheno­ ENTSCHAEDIGUNG IN BERLIN challenge to the Jewish Agency nor is it any menon in Jewish life. This development has Das United Restitution Office Berlin teilt mit : underrating of its important work, if we say also adversely affected the position of Anglo- 1.) Das Kammergericht hat in einer wider- that distribution of German Jewish funds spruchsvollen allseitig angegrifienen Entscheidung Jewry, as has been repeatedly affirmed with festgestellt, dass nach § 104 des Bundesentschadi- should not be made in such a way as to considerable bitterness by leaders of the gungsgesetz Anspriiche nach dem Berliner Gesetz exclude completely the rightful owners who Anglo-Jewish community and by its organ, nur dann weiterverfolgt werden kOnnen, wenn sie once built up the communities and all their the Jewish Chronicle. grundsatzlich auch im Bundesgesetz vorgesehen welfare institutions, and many of whom are sind. Dies wiirde praktisch zur Folge haben, dass It never occurred to the " Council of Jews z.B. alle aus dem Ostsektor von Berlin ausgewan- now old and destitute in foreign lands. Also from Germany " that its reticence could be derten Personen und alle diejenigen, welche illegal it cannot be entirely ignored that five years made an excuse for excluding former German im Ausland leben mussten, keine Entschadigungs- after the constitution of JRSO the German Jews from public Jewish funds created out of anspriiche geltend machen k6nnen, well das Federal Government agreed to pay 3,000 German Jewish communal and heirless Bundesentschadigungsgesetz diese Anspriiche nicht million DM to the State of Israel for re­ einbezieht. property and out of payments of the German Auf Grund der genannten Kammergerichts- habilitation of Nazi victims in that country Federal Government destined to alleviate the Entscheidung hatte das Berliner Entschadigungs- —a fact not anticipated at the time when the plight of Nazi victims. The Council agreed amt die Bearbeitung aller Anspriiche von Aus- practice of using the bulk of JRSO money in to the arrangements with the Jewish organi­ wanderern aus dem heutigen Ostsektor von Berlin Palestine began. sowie aller Anspriiche wegen illegalen Lebens im sations in good faith, and it claimed only a Auslande eingestellt. Nach vielen Verhandlungen Jews from Germany are likewise well minor share in the German Jewish funds. ist es gelungen, die oberste Landes-Entschadigungs- acquainted with the beneficient charitable That even this modest claim should be denied Behorde da von zu iiberzeugen, dass die Entscheidung could never have been foreseen, and it is des Kammergerichts abwegig ist und im Wider- and social work done by the Joint since its spruch zum Gesetz und zur Rechtsprechung im very beginnings. In the inter-war period, certainly an act of gross injustice for which Bundesgebiet steht. Es ist deshalb angeordnet indeed, German Jews closely collaborated there is no precedent in Jewish life. warden, dass trotz der gegenteiligen Entscheidung des with that work. They also remember with The Council will continue to fight for the Kammergerichts mit der Bearbeitung und A uszahlung dieser Anspriiche fortgefahren wird. deep gratitude what the Joint has done for rights of the former German Jews. It will Gegen die Entscheidung des Kammergerichts ist them after 1933. The munificence of American not consent to destitute emigrants of old Revision beim Bundesgerichtshof eingelegt worden. Jewry from which the funds of the Joint age being abandoned or forced to apply for 2.) Das Entschadigungsamt verlegt Mitte Marz were collected, was the primary factor in public charity, while there are large fimds seine Amtsraume von Berlin-Wilmersdorf, Fehrbel- establishing a system of charity and welfare available which were created by their own liner Platz 1, nach Berlin W, Potsdamer Sir. 18ft work in Eastern and, later on, also in Central community and which are now again at the (Kathreiner-Haus), Telefon : 71 0511. Europe. But at the same time, during the disposal of Jewry. The Council will go on i thirty-five years of existence of this organisa­ defending the rights of Jews from Germany, TAXATION QUESTIONS tion, there developed a sort of autocratic and it is more than disappointing that this Many readers wish to receive some general system which increasingly claimed a mono­ defence should have to be directed against information about the effect of restitution and com­ poly in Jewish life. Unfortunately, this tend­ fellow Jews. We are convinced that the pensation payments on tax liabilities in Great ency has been strengthened by the almost claim of the Council constitutes a prima facie Britain. An article about this important subject, which will also take into account the forthcoming total eclipse of European Jewry. The case whose justice cannot be doubted by British budget proposals, will appear in the next American predominance in world politics has anybody. issue of " AJR Information." AJR INFORMATION April, 1954 Paft«3

Hans Jaeger: ANGLO-JUDAICA Support for Israel A powerful effort for the J.P.A., 1954, was made THE SPLIT IN THE FASCIST INTERNATIONAL when over ;^530,000—more than a quarter of the Many people are inclined not to take the events Sociale ") and at the European Liaison Office's " target " of ;f2m.—was raised at a London meeting and activities of the Fascist International very Conference in Loerrach, in December 1953 (repre­ addressed by Mrs. G. Myerson, the Israeli Labour seriously. This is partly because nothing has been sentative : TuUio Abelli, Torino, editor of Minister. Contributions included ;£76,000 from the heard of the name lately, partly because world " Risorgimento") ; the Spanish Falange was Marks family and ;£55,000 from the Wolfsons. mterest is focussed almost exclusively on Fascism represented in Holzminden by Palaesterius and in Last year the Zionists collected ;^1.6m. which fixed in Germany and on Communism. But international Loerrach by Albinana. This reflects the lack of the total for the last six years at well over £llai. Encouraging reports were given by recent British Fascism is still a danger, and its present position in uniformity within the Italian MSI which has a Conservative Monarchist wing and a radical wing visitors to Israel. Lt.-General Sir Brian Horrocks, Germany and lack of unity must not be misinter­ (the latter one being based on the Fascist Republic former G.O.C.-in-C, British Army of the Rhine, preted. It is, in fact, in a .state of revival, exploiting of 1944), and also within the Falange. Secondly, stated that he had never seen a force with a higher the general confusion and rift in the world. the European Liaison Office does not miss any morale than the army of Israel ; everywhere in the Two things have happened since the first con­ opportunity to try to " convert " members of the country he had found restless and dynamic activity. gresses (Rome, September 1950 and Malmoe, May European Social Movement, such as van Tienen The Israelis' high morale despite the State's manifold 1951) alarmed all those who realised that it was (Holland) and, now, also Per Engdahl (Sweden). problems had also impressed Jilr. Kenneth Younger, the dynamics behind the movement which mattered, Thirdly, there are many other groups and indivi­ M.P., a former Minister of State, and remarkably not the number of people involved. The name duals which are claimed by both sides but have not generous was a tribute to Israel's achievement by Fascist International " was dropped, as its bad made up their minds, e.g. in Belgium, Denmark the British Ambassador in Tel Aviv, Sir Francis effect had been found out. Besides, there was a (Erik Laerum), Netherlands, Sweden (C^rlberg, Evans, while on a visit in England. split, at the third congress, in Paris, January 1953. Ejnar Aberg), Great Britain (Mosley, A. F. X. Proud to be Jews Since then there have been two organisations (1) Baron), France, Italy, Austria (former Col. General Mr. Emanuel Shinwell, M.P., who once again the European Social Movement, also called Malmoe Rendulic, Erich Kernmayr, Fritz Stueber), Switzer­ proclaimed his pride of being a Jew, declared that Movement, with headquarters in Malmoe (Sweden) land (Dr. Hans Oehler), Turkey, Japan, the Middle what had impressed him most was less what had and (2) the European Liaison Office of the National East (including the ex-Mufti of Jerusalem who is, already been achieved (notable though it was) than Forces (the name indicating a looser form of however, nearer to the European Liaison Office), the potentialities of further development if the connection), with headquarters in Lausanne. South Africa (Ossewa Brandwag, Oswald Pirow's Israelis were given a chance. Another prominent What is the difference between them ? New Order), Central and South America, U.S.A. Labour man who also described himself as " proud (where Edward Flecken.stein is nearer to the Euro­ to be a British Jew," Lord Silkin, warned against Camouflage pean Social Movement). indifference towards Israel. It was never quite certain, he said, that if there were a series of disasters , Readers will remember from a report, published confronting this country, Jews might not be regarded •n " AJR Information " some months ago, that, as scapegoats. The position of the Jew was not so for reasons of expediency and camouflage, one German Groups firmly established anywhere that he could not section of the German extremists accepted demo­ The rift goes through the German extremist benefit by the status of having a country to call cracy, the Bonn regime, the Western conception, groups as well. In the European Social Movement his own. E0C and N.\TO. Now the same thing is repeating we find Karl Heinz Priester, mentioned above, Some controversy was aroused by an attempt, Jtself on an international level : The European on the inspiration of Mr. F. Ashe Lincoln, Q.C., a Social Movement accepts the defence organisation the former German representative in the Fascist International and Chairman of the German Social Vice-President of the British Zionist Federation, to and the rearmament programme—not, of course, organise a committee to " counterbalance." from fn order to save Western democracy but to save Movement which left " Nationale Sammlung " before the elections. With the European Liaison tne middle or right, the activity, inside the Feder­ Itself and to gain new ground with this play acting. ation, of Poale Zion. His action, alleged to be a It rejects any tactics which might involuntarily Office we find Max Herzog (Loerrach) as German representative and Second Secretary, groups such " breach of faith," was condemned by the or deliberately help Moscow. For that, it is accused Federation. of opportunism and betrayal of principles and has as " Nation Europe " (Erwin Schoenborn, Berlin- "sen expelled from the Fciscist International. Few Britz, who put up a fight for Veit Harlan's latest Women's Emancipation people are deceived by its non-committal attitude film and boasts of his splendid contacts with the The women's emancipation asserted itself in the 1 towards racialism into believing its claim to Arabs), the German Block (Karl Meissner, Munich, forecourt of the United Synagogue when " female members " were granted a limited franchise. The moderation regarding the Jewish question. and Siegfried Schug. Saeckingen, former SA decision was based on a ruling from the Chief The second organisation, the European Liaison Brigadier), and individuals such as Wolfgang Rabbi who, however, insisted on women being Office retains its uncompromising attitude. It still Hedler, a former member of Bundestag who gave barred from " any honorary office or any Bo?rd of sticks to the idea of the Third Front, of neutrality, th? Hitler salute, Fritz Brehm, nephew of the Nazi Management of any Synagogue or membership of °' " attentism," and advocates a policy which poet Bruno Brehm and assistant editor of the Council of the United Synagogue." The practically helps the Kremlin and might even lead " Nationalzeitung," Munich, and Roessler alias Sephardi Community recently elected a woman as to a provisional alliance. In fact, it is the different Richter. Claimed by both internationals are Otto one of their Elders. attitudes towards Moscow which have caused a rift Skorzeny (Madrid), Col. Hans UWch Rudel and When Mrs. Braddock, M.P., addressed an AJA within the Fascist camp. At the same time, this Johann v. Leers (Buenos .\ires). Without affili­ meeting on " Women in Politics," she was compli­ Wng of the Movement does not try to conceal its ations of this kind are " Deutsche Gemeinschaft " mented on her efforts to foster good fellowship *Dti-democratic outlook nor its antisemitism. It is and Deutsche Reichspartei which, now led by the between Jews and non-Jews in her Liverpool a matter of opinion, which of the two organisations trio V. Thadden, former Nazi peasants leader W. constituency. has a more dangerous conception. Meinberg and the former general Andrae, tries to High Office The Presidium of the European Social Movement continue on the lines of tfie banned Socialistische Mr. Victor Mishcon. son of the late founder and consists of Per Engdahl (Malmoe), Maurice Bardfeche Reichspartei. first minister of the Brixton Synagogue, was nomin­ ^aris), de Narsanich (Rome) and Karl Heinz ated by the Labour Party (majority) group on the Priester (Wiesbaden). Affiliated are Svenska All this may appear to be rather chaotic. But London County Council as chairman of the L.C.C. Roerelsen, Sweden, and the National Social Move­ we know from experience that it is the dynamism for 1954-55. ments of Austria (Julius Schachner, organ which matters and that once already the Fascists Mr. Leonard Isaacs, son of the late Edward Aufbruch "), Netherlands (Paul van Tienen, were able to overcome a lack of unity. Fascism Isaacs, the blind Jewish conductor of the Manchester A. M. Kruit), Flanders, Wallonie, groups from has learned a lot. It became more cautious in some Tuesday Midday Concerts, was appointed Music France and Denmark, and some Hungarian refugees, respects. It now wants to be " European " and Organiser of the B.B.C. Home Service. l^he other section, the European Liaison Office, has even international, quite apart from claiming to Youth and Education merely a secretary, G. M. Amaudruz (Lausanne). advocate a solution of the social question. Only When he spoke on an increase of conversions Affiliated are the National Rally of Austria, the some of its followers stick strictly to the Hitlerian Comity National Franfais (Rene Binet), the Swiss among Jewish university students, Mr. H. Shaw, People's Party (Erwin VoUenweider, Winterthur, conception. The more elastic type issued the Religious Director for the Association of Jewish organ " Volksruf ") and groups from Belgium and slogan " Beyond Hitler " (" Ueber Hitler hinaus ! "). Youth, described an atmosphere of religious apathy Turkey. Hitherto, the constituents of the loose Its conception is based on the political testament combined with a lack of Jewish home background European Liaison Office could not agree as to of the late French Fascist Drieu la Rochelle who and inadequate Jewish education, which (he said) •whether they should be satisfied with a simple form committed suicide in 1946. According to his left such a spiritual void in the lives of some young °f co-ordination or impose a system of central­ manifesto World Fascism had failed the first time people that they became utterly estranged from isation, based on one " Weltanschauung." because it had been strangled by " petty bourgeois their community and sought other paths to spiritual materialism " and narrow minded provincialism ; comfort. by following the Nazi conception, he said, it had For the second time a " Month of Jewish Studies " No Strict Division subordinated everything to the German nation, was organised under the auspices of the Jewish However, the split within the Fascist Movement but Fascism, he concluded, had to be world-wide. Agency Department for Torah Education and must not be overrated. Everything is still fluid. This means that Fascism will become much more Culture. The Director of Studies is Dr. Isaiah Ims can be seen from three examples. Firstly, dangerous next time, for it exploits the weak spots (Oskar) Wolfsberg, of Jerusalem. some groups belong to both Internationals. The in the world and thrives on the at present almost The Bemhard Baron St. George's Jewish Settle­ MSI (Movimento Sociale Italiano) was represented unbearable world tension. Therefore, a far-sighted ment in the East End celebrated its 40th birthday. both at the European Social Movement Conference strategy must consider all dangers threatening the Its founder, Mr. Basil Henriques, J.P., stated that m Holzminden at the end of 1935 (representative • free, democratic world, and see them in their right their clubs for all age groups now had over 3,000 Ernesto Massi, Milano. editor of " Nazione proportion. members. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION April, 1954

logically sound and knows how to use dramatic Lutz Weltmann: contrasts. The imaginary conversation between the Roman philosopher Seneca and the Apostle to A PERSONAL COLUMN the Heathens, the description of how the Roman world reacted to his teaching and how they were Greetings from Israel Tolerance puzzled by the beginning division between Christians The first item is a personal one both from the I feel at a loss with the sequel of my friend Julius and Jews are excellent. But now Berstl has become writer's point of view, and from that of the AJR. Berstl's Paulus novel whose first part I reviewed the victim of a pitfall which frequently occurs if a One day, I received a letter from Jerusalem ; the here some years ago. A " non-Aryan " Christian writer is too much in love with his hero : he makes sender's name was unknown to me. She wrote that in the second generation, he felt inspired by the his adversaries look ridiculous and belittles their she had been shown a copy of " AJR Information " virtual founder of Christianity. His Nero—in motives. To read about the " smell of garlic " containing my article on Else Lasker-Schueler and " The Eagle and the Cross " (Hodder and Stoughton, which disturbed lascivious Poppaea Sabina in the Elisabeth I.anggasser. At the same time she quoted Jewish Synagogue evokes unpleasant associations a few lines I had written alx)ut her thirty-five years London)—is not far off the truth when he says : with Streicher's " Stuermer," all the more so as ago : "... Too much and too little. More than a " Perhaps it was you who created this Christ ? " garlic, at that time, was part of the mediterranean personal female experience, less than a general This same view is aptly held and well documented cuisine. To see Nero in the role of a protector of understanding of the Universe. . . . But these verses in Robert Graves' and Joshua Pordo's challenging the Jews who in spite of all their stubbornness had express finely the two poles of her being. Nature and controversial book " The Nazarene Gospel made up their minds to sacrifice to the genius of and Religion, and show a talent of great promise." Restored " (Cassells, London). By some irony of Caesar is more than, I, as a Jew, can swallow, The reader of her own poetry (in the Gruener Saal fate, Clarissa Graves, Robert's sister, was Berstl's however much I may admire the historical panorama of the Berlin Philharmony) was Toni Loewenthal, translator. As the author of a " novel based on the my friend unfolds. This changed attitude is all the a Rabbi's daughter. In 1924 she went to Erez Life of Paul," Julius Berstl has surpassed his more unexpected after his moving nove. about the Israel, married the Hebrew poet Schimon Ginsburg, " Tentmaker." He tells a story well, is psycho­ persecution of the Quakers. who was the translator of her poetry collected in the little volume " Libi Bamisrach," and since then has assumed the name Devora Hyrkanos. She still H. I. Bach: writes her poetry in the German language, and the poems she sent me recall my first impression whilst they reveal her greater maturity both as a person­ TAKING STOCK OF REFUGEE EXPERIENCE ality and as an artist. In English she wrote her Ludwig Strauss : " Wintersaat. Ein Buch aus mortally ill child," and realistic appraisal takes the " Jerusalem War Diary," published by Wizo Satzen." Manesse-Verlag, Ziirichi 1953. place of shallow idealism : " To embrace millions Zionist Education Department, a chronicle of day One of the difficulties of a refugee life is that is fine and easy. But it is hard and strenuous to to day events during the Arab War. This described some of the best experience gained by it cannot view one individual, even oneself, strictly and the struggle of a woman, alone, her husband having easily be communicated because a similar back­ justly." Even the most shocking experience died a few years after her marriage, feeling parti­ ground, a comparable experience is required to appears in a calmly balanced context : " He who cularly lonelv as a poetess, " useless " in times of understand and appreciate it fully,—and those to war. She tried to live up to Antigone's " My way loves truth has to deprive his talk of many glib whom it would be meaningful are too widely dis­ phrases. If he knows Greek philosophy, he will is to share my love, not share my hate," in her persed, too busy, too much isolated to be addressed attitude to Jew and .\rab alike, whilst she was as a group. Thus, while professional experience is find it difficult to use the word ' cynic,' if Jewish devoted to the Jewish cause, her love of Zion being quietly incorporated into professional work, while history, the term ' Pharisee,' in the accepted sense. the constant factor in her life time longing to a mere longing for the past, in form of recollections If he has come into contact with cats he can no become an integrated member of a community. or autobiographies, may find its way into print, longer talk of ' cattiness,' and after looking around " Jerusalem War Diary " with its " unpolished " observations on life in general, revision, or re­ in the world of animals and of man he will not find English is a deeply moving book. Devora Hyrkanos' assessment of past opinions or attitudes, tend to it proper to harm the innocence of animals by calling philosophy of life is that of our generation. She remain confined to private notebooks, to corres­ specifically human types of systematically organised also sent me the synopsis of a novel " Talita," pondence with personal friends. which makes interesting reading. It is autobio­ cruelty, such as those recently developed to extreme graphical in parts, contemporary Jewish history Ludwig Strauss followed up a little volume of forms by National Socialism, ' brutal,' ' beastly,' and flashbacks of ancestral dreams in others. It is poems (' Heimliche Gegenwart,' reviewed in our or ' bestial '." And every now and then a smooth written in German but an Israeli publisher may well issue of last July) with a collection of just such blending joins together old truth and new endeavour: accept a Hebrew version. An English manuscript notes and aphorisms, introduced by his father-in- " Moses cured the people from the bite of snakes also exists, but the author cannot afford to get it law, Martin Buber. They do indeed, as the sub-title scurrying in the sand by asking them to face their claims, form a book,—slender in appearance, typed until she has received her fees for a Hebrew brazen image raised up into a banner. Much the edition. " Wir armen Schreiber sind doch uebel unsentimental, mature, individual in its content. dran," Devora Hyrkanos could vary Frau Marthe's Although the title, ' Winter Seed,' iiidicates hope same is attempted by those artists who confront words. and confidence faintly tinged with resignation, no us with our calamity, formed and elevated." • ' trace of it appears inside, and the tone is likewise A handful of further quotations, taken at random, Ludwig Meidner 70 free from bitterness. Indeed, the author makes full use of the opportunity inherent in aphorisms, may help to give an idea of the range and depth of Whilst I had no copy of the little review men­ to present the results of his observation of, his this little posthumous volume which you may like tioned above, I did conie across an invitation card reflections on, life and the world without referring to have on your bedside table. ' the Juedische Museum in Berlin sent in 1934 to to the occasions that prompted them, to be present celebrate the 60th birthday of Eugen Spiro and the as a voice rather than in person. It is difficult to There is wood dreaming of fruits, and wood 50th of Ludwig Meidner on April 18th. Rose imagine the bustling life of Israel or its pressing dreaming of flames. Liechtenstein, who read from Meidner's poetry, is actual problems as a background to the half-tones now a leading actress of mothers' parts in Tel-Aviv, of this cultured voice,—unhappily silenced since. No agony more impotent than the waiting of octogenarian Eugen Spiro lives in the United And the experience it records is indeed, generalised, impatience, no invocation more powerful than States, and Ludwig Meidner and the writer who that of a refugee readjusting his values and those patient waiting. gave a talk on both painters live in London. As of past modes of life so that they become trans­ " .^ JR Information " published a fine appreciation formed into a new totality, re-cast with new accents. Only the lover may sometimes share in the divine of Meidner's work by I^eo Kahn some months ago, In this sense these notes represent a full crop, a way of knoyving : by his existence, not by per­ we can confine ourselves to a short birthday greeting. final gathering of experience, fertile as it may prove ception. His artistic personality is unique ; deepest roots of to be as seeds of the future. his art are " Germanic "—Multscher, Bosch. An Prejudices mean to be noble because they have early influence was the Italian Jew Modigliani with Trying to see some of these aphorisms against such an old pedigree. his somewhat pre-rafaelite inspiration. His religious their proper background we can appreciate immed­ way led him from a struggle with God in an ecstatic iately the wisdom of the writer's attitude to suffering We are adequately warned against flight into spirit over near conversion to Catholicism to a firm as messages of God. " If we want to receive these illness or into vice, but not enough against flight belief in Jewish Orthodoxy. All these trends are messages in their purity and likewise to react to into duty. held together by his prophetic mind. In 1929 he them, two frequent temptations have to be met. confessed his faith in the future of mankind ; One of them lures us into the acceptance of suffering Without freedom, truth is dead ; without truth, There is hope that once again there will be great­ without wishing to redress it ; this would mean to freedom is blind. ness, strength of character, magnanimity and whole falsify its strange character and to make it into a human beings." And this is what he has said about crazy lust. The second temptation is to discard The way that only serves to reach an aim and not Jewish destiny ; suffering without having listened to it carefully ; also the wanderer who takes it, leads into the void. this would mean to deny its mission and to reduce " Welch ein Schicksal : it to a dull fact. Suffering, however, wants to be That God does not compel us is His hardness. niemals liess uns ganz cured, and it can only be cured from the essence The worlcj without God has many faces but no der Ewige im Stich. and the fullness of meaning it holds." We may countenance. easily guess the type of painful experience from an Auserwaehlt zu hoechsten Ehren, outcry like " Woebetide the inactive friends who You ask life, and answer comes from death. tief gestos.sen in den Kummer. are disappointed if you are badly off ! Woebetide You ask death, and life gives the answer. Jude, wanke nicht. the all too helpful ones who are disappointed when Halte fest, was dein. you succeed ! " There is the distance to a beloved No country will renounce its currency because of Wje ein Narhtmeer figure of Ludwig Strauss's past : " The poet Stefan forgery. Thus the great sacred words should George deifies the life beautiful like a father his Rausche fort in dir die Ewigkeit! " remain valid to us in spite of all misuse. i AJR INFORMATION April, 1954 Page 5

Thinking of Paul Goldschmidt, we are reminded IN MEMORY OF PAUL GOLDSCHMIDT of the words which Heine dedicated to a Jewish benefactor of his time : " Ein Mann der Tat, tat er, By the death of Paul Goldschmidt the AJR has his Jewishness, and when, in the years after 1933, was eben tunlich." And yet, he was free of the lost an Executive member whose name is inseparably work for the persecuted became a life-saving saintliness or aloofness which often go together linked up with the history of the German Jewish operation, Paul Goldschmidt was ready for action. with philanthropy. His joie de vivre was also part community in this country. Our mind goes back Ignoring bureaucratic difficulties he set out to of his personality, and his cheerfulness communi­ to the infant years of our organisation whenwehadto obtain permits for them, partly by his own guar­ cated itself to everybody who came in touch with ^truggle for the standingwhich we required in order to antees and partly by approaching his English him. fulfil our tasks effectively. This was in 1941. Most of business friends, and great is the number of those our founder members had come over after the who owe their rescue to his energetic and uncon­ His was a happy life. That he gave happiness •November pogroms, whereas, in spite of the lesson ventional efforts. Once they were here, he looked to others made it a full life. We, the Jews from of the internment period, many business men who after them. He also regularly visited hospitals, Germany, shall not forget what he did for us. With had settled here earlier and under more favourable where mentally maladjusted refugees had been gratitude we shall cherish the memory of a noble conditions preferred to stand aloof. It was in the accommodated, and tried to ease their lot. The man. first place due to Paul Goldschmidt that this gulf individual was for him not a " case," but a human W. ROSENSTOCK was bridged. He identified himself with our cause, being. His desire to make Jewish children happy and the weight which his reputation carried in his also found its expression in his association with the trade as well as the enthusiasm with which he set constructive work of " Youth Alyah." His Jewish PROFESSOR BENTWICH CHAIRMAN OF out to work made his friends follow suit. The result communal work was not dictated by " ideological " HUMAN RIGHTS'GROUP was the consolidation of the AJR in London and deliberations, but by an unlimited urge to share the Professor Norman Bentwich has been re-elected also in the Yorkshire district where he then used to burden of a suffering community. "This, he would Chairman of the Human Rights Group of the spend part ol his time. Yet organisational strength say, was not only the fulfilment of a moral duty, it Standing Conference on the Economic and Social was no end in itself. The main task of those years, also gave him satisfaction. Work of the United Nations. ^ext to. the participation in the war effort, was the tight for our post-war status. Many of us had been admitted as transmigrants, and even well-meaning THEODOR HERZL SOCIETY 15 YEARS OF ZIONIST WORK IN LONDON

It was fashionable not so long ago to speak with Work was inevitably hampered during the war., some' disdain of German Zionists. In Israel but air raid alerts were no excuse for slackers. In " Yecke " was not always a term of endearment, OctoV)er 1940 the Annual Conference of the Zionist and in his autobiography Dr. Weizmann made no Federation was attended by 16 elected members of effort to reaffirm his judgment of 1927 that the T.H.S.—12 per cent of all delegates present. " Germany and the German-speaking countries Much to the astonishment of their British colleagues gave us the officers of the Zionist Movement for they demanded activity even in war. Many of their almost a generation." But the facts will out, and resolutions were carried, and six members elected it was no mere gesture when the other day the to various committees. The T.H.S. was then British Zionist Federation marked the 15th anni­ probably one of the largest active Zionist societies versary of the refugees' Theodor Herzl Society by in Britain. About the same time it readily joined paying a generous tribute to the work of German the Association of Jewish Refugees then just being Zionists in this country. established. It is also a constituent of the World Jewish Congress. Thought and Action The President of the Federation, Mr. B. Janner, Impact of Israel M.P., commended their " enthusiastic devotion " With the end of the war and the beginning of the which had " created a strong and notable contri­ last round in Palestine, the T.H.S., then under the bution to Zionist life in Britain." Mr. Bakstansky, direction of Mr. S. Adler-Rudel and Messrs. Nathan the Federation's General Secretary, complimented and Capell, gave comfort to many who seemed to be members of the British public did not know that the Society for having " gathered round the Zionist wavering in the face of Mr. Bevin's failure of vision. We considered ourselves not as Germans in Exile, flag the elite of those Zionists in this country who Fiery debates were held, and though German J>iit as prospective citizens of this country. Here, were brought up under men like Martin Buber, too, it Yvas Paul Goldschmidt who used his Kurt Blumenfeld, Robert Weltsch, Georg Landauer Zionist messengers from Palestine were frequently ^nnections for the benefit of our community, and others." " For them (Mr. Bakstansky said) welcomed, their counsel of compromise was not jyith the help of Members of Parliament, such as Zionism was a philosophy of modern Jewish life. always appreciated. The T.H.S. neyer meddled in ms friend the late Captain H. Beaumont, Deputy At the same time they brought with them a sense party politics but neither did it believe that a great •speaker, representatives of the .A.JR could promote of organisation which made the T.H.S. a model revolutionary consummation such as was about to understanding for our specific position. The aim Zionist society." happen, was likely to be brought off without blood Was achieved, and the refugees became naturalized and tears. shortly after the war. Later on, two new tasks The T.H.S. sprang up in the days of our blackest The establishment of the Jewish State consumed ^merged : restitution and constructive social humiliation. Its founders were men who had saved some of the Society's strength. Quite a few members schemes. It was typical of Paul Goldschmidt that from the pogrom the traditions of Blau-Weiss and Practical charitable work appealed to him more than settled in Israel, and among those who remained the fellowship of the K.J.V. The first chairman was many seemed to lose practical interest. The T.H.S. the unavoidable political and legal intricacies of the Dr. Martin Rosenbliith (now in New York) who had restitution problem. Care for the aged in our midst has not been dismayed by the apparent apathy now been in London since 1933 as head of the Jewish any more than it was discouraged by the doubts in •low stood in the foreground of his mind, and if his Agency's German Department. With him worked days gone by. It remains buoyant and hopeful, and our plans become reality before long, we shall Karl Nathan, Drs. H. Capell, F. Besser and Ernst remember with gratitude his devoted yeoman work. and though an attempt to enlarge it into a Frankenstein ; a little later the Committee was In the memory of those who have met him— Hampstead Zionist Society came to nothing, the joined by the Misses Berta Cohn, M. Woislawski, Pfople from many walks of life-^he will live on, association with other than German Jews, beyond above all, as a most remarkable personality. M. Goldberg (now Mrs. Warburg of the Youth Aliyah), and Messrs. A. P. Michaelis and W. the appeal of a Landsmannschaft, is by no means igenuity and optimism were two of his outstanding written off. V^alities. They were also the secret of his success. Schindler. His ingeniousness which manv might have misjudged To keep going, of course, the Society must struggle ?f oversimplification led him'to do the right thing at Institute of Jewish'Learning hard, not least in its own breast. For this is a time he right time, and his unshakable optimism made Most of the work among the fast growing number for new definitions : W^hat precisely is a Zionist aim overcome obstacles which others considered of newcomers was naturally social, but attention now ? But that question is part of the general insurmountable. Small wonder that his approach was soon given to the teaching of Jemsh history programme which the Society, now under the direc­ inspired his fellow-workers, and that, whoever and practical politics such as fund-raising and tion of Mr. Emil Speyer, offers its members and asked him for help or advice in a difficult situation, propaganda. One of the earliest actions, faithful friends by way of lectures, brain trusts, living left him encouraged and with new hope. He was to a hallowed tradition, was the launching of an newspapers, film shows and socials. All these endowed with the gift of winning the personal con- In-stitute of Jewish Learning which was " to guide functions, regularly held at the Society's home at nctence of his fellow men. Especially in his relation- Jewish men and women to the sources of Judaism 57 Eton Avenue, N.W.3, are designed to bear out ^ip with young people he displayed great skill. the Jewish Chronicle's tribute on the T.H.S. 10th He would not patronize them, but recognised them and to promote the knowledge of Jewish life past as personalities in their own right ; by being their and present." The first Director was Professor anniversary, that " they were not content merely elder trustworthy friend he could use his influence Abraham Heschel. On leaving for the U.S.A., he to seek refuge and remain as passive spectators of where a more dogmatic man would have failed. was succeeded by Dr. Aron Steinberg ; Professor their destiny, but determined to give a constructive It was the human aspect which also determined Brodetsky, Sir Leon Simon and the late Professor interpretation of their experiences for the instruction f. Jewish activities. Though he was neither a Eugen Mittwoch also lent their support. Some 270 of their fellows." Religious Jew in the strict meaning of the word nor students emoUed, though their number steadily a political Zionist, he had always been conscious of dwindled until the Institute ceased in 1945. C. C. A. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION April, 1954

NEW JEWISH SURNAMES IN ISRAEL VOM SINN DES GESETZES A new chapter has been added in Israel to the The following contribution to a discussion keiten einen anderen Menschen aus uns, sie gibt history of Jewish surnames which was the subject about Judaism was made by our revered friend, uns cin neues Herz. of articles in this monthly. Already prior to the the late Abraham Horovitz, some years ago Es ist die Eigenart des Judentums und das, was foundation of the State, German or other European in the Bnai B'rith I.odge in Frankfurt. The es von alien anderen Bekenntnissen im Wesen family names, and especially first (Christian) manuscript was kindly put at our disposal by unterscheidet, dass es in seiner urspruenglichen names, were frequently changed to Hebrew names. Mr. Horovitz's family. In publishing it we follow und eigentlichen Form von uns verlangt, uns This tendency has greatly increased during the last the old Jewish saying that the most appropriate staendig als Angehoerige eines Gottesvolks zu years. Officials, officers, and people in prominent way of perpetuating the memory of the righteous sehen. Der Schulchan Aruch fordert von uns, dass positions are expected to adapt their names to the is to recall the principles on which they based wir uns morgens, wie er ausdrueckt, wie ein Loewe official, Hebrew, language. their lives.—The Ed. von unserem Lager erheben, um die Gebote des This transformation has been realised in different Herrn zu erfuellen und seine Gesetze mit Kraft ways. First of all there are those who simply durchzufuehren. Das juedische Gesetz regelt den returned to the old Jewish custom of adding Hat das Judentum in der heutigen Krise " Ben " (son) or the Aramaic " Bar " to the father's wirklich versagt, und kann man ueberhaupt von ganzen Tag und verlangt von uns bei jedem Genuss, dem wir uns zuwenden, ja bei menschlichen und first name, and took surnames, like Ben Zwi (the einem " Versagen " der Religion in der heutigen President's name), Ben David, Bar Eli, Bar-Raw- Krise sf rechcn .' allzumenschlichen Handlungen, einen Segensspruch. Alles, was wir tun und tun muessen, soil dadurch Chai, or, in the case of women, Bath (daughter) Ein Allheil-Mittel in dem Sinne kann keine geadelt werden. Vor kurzen erst hat einer der Shlomo, Bath Levy. Others took their surname Religion verabreichen, dass sie dem schwachen und groessten ethischen Schriftsteller unserer Zeit, from their children's first name (as Arabs often do zerkluefteten Gemuet, das sich nicht zu ihr bekennen Foerster, auf die wunderbaren Worte eines mittel- with regard to sons), and the new family name was will und das auf ihre l^hren nicht hoeren will, in alterlichen juedischen Schriftstellers hingewiesen, f.i. Aviarje (father of Arje) or Abileah (father of einer so schweren Zeit unbedingte Rettung und den er als Muster eines Berufsethikers bezeichnete, Leah). Zuflucht gewaehren sollte. Dass die religioesen well er—es war ein Arzt—allmorgendlich mit dem A second category have chosen names similar to Fuehrer dtr einen oder anderen Religion nicht mit Spruch an sein Gebet und dann an seine Arbeit their former European name. Thus Gruen became genuegend heissem Bemuehen sich der zerfahrenen ging " Herr der Welt, lass' es mir vergoennt sein, Ben Gurion, Ginzberg Ginossar ; others kept only Zeitgenossen angenommen haben, die jeder Stim- dass ich bei jedem Kranken, zu dem ich trete, mich the first and/or last letter of their former name, mungsrtgung und Angstpsychose nachgeben, mag wieder als Dein Werkzeug und Diener fuehle, um changed Engelbert to Elat, Shertok to Sharett richtig sein ; darin liegt aber natuerlich kein im Gedanken an Dich zu dienen und zu helfen." (the present Prime Minister), or Granowsky simply Versagen der Religion an sich. Religion ist aber In aehnlicher Weise verlangt das Judentum von to Granot, and the old German name Burgebar to ueberhaupt etwas, was im Wesentlichen nur dem, dem Menschen, dass er sich ganz in der Hand habe Bar-Gibor (" son of a hero "). Joseftal was divided der sich dazu bekennt und der sich zu ihr halten und stets in der Hand habe, dass er sich, zunaechst in two parts : Josef Tal (Dew). will, etwas geben kann, was aber keinem nutzen einem aeusseren und darm einem inneren Zwang Another group took their name from geographical kann, der sich bewusst von ihren Troestungen und folgend, stets als ein VoUstrecker des goettlichen, designations, without or with little regard to their ihrer Hilfe femhaelt. Dabei ist an das alte Wort des hoechsten und letzten Willens fuehlt und former name ; thus there are many Jerushalmis unserer Weisen zu denken, dass alles von Gott dadurch am Bestand der ganzen Welt mitarbeitet. (Jerusalemites) and Gvati (from Gvat), Kober kommt ausstr dtr Gottesfurcht, dass alle Schick- So hat ja auch das Gesetzesjudentum in dieser became Kishon (Kishon is the river falling into the ungen und Gaben uns erreichen und erquicken, uns seiner aeussersten Konsequenz die Kraft gehabt, sea near Haifa), and the same name was chosen by treffen und bedrohen, ob wir woUcn oder nicht, gerade heute zerrissenen aber bedeutenden und a family Ruelf, whose name also was derived from dass aber der Wille zu dcr Religion—wenn wir so emsten Menschen, die in unserer Zeit in neuen a river. die Worte uebtrsetzen woUen—aus dem Menschen Idealen der Kulturwelt keine Genuege gefunden Most frequent is the translation of the European selbst kommen muss. haben, eincn ungeheueren Halt zu geben. Deshalb (German) name into its Hebrew equivalent, or hat das Gesetzesjudentum Menschen wie Nathan similar to it. Thus Hirsch became Zwi, Loewenstein Nun zu dem Punkte, wieso die mittelalterliche Birnbaum oder wie Franz Rosenzweig, die aus Even-Ari, all the Goldmann, Goldberg, Goldstein Scholastik und Dogmatik aus dem lebendigen einer anderen Welt kamen, maechtig angezogen " Sahavi " (Sahav-(iold) or, using the poetical Judentum und seinen Grundsaetzen, z.B. der und zu ueberzeugten gesetzestreuen Juden erzogen. biblical name for gold " Paz." Mr. Goldberg grossen Forderung des wotchentlichen Ruhetags Gerade Menschen, die stets vor Zweifein stehen, changed his name to Harpaz (Har-Mount). Wald- und Sabbaths, eine in erstarrten Formen ertoetete die nimmt das Gesetz an seine feste Hand und mann was translated into Jaari (Jaar-Wood), all Gesetzlichkeit gemacht habe, als deren extreme fuehrt sie zu dem Ziel einer edlen und starken the compositions with Iron (Eisen) to Barzilai Beispiele man oft nennt : Umwinden des Taschen- Lebensfuehrung. (Iron-Barsel), and those with Silver (in Hebrew : tuchs am Sabbath und Nichttragen eines Schirms ABRAHAM HOROVITZ Kesef) to Caspi. und damit ein Zerstoeren der Kleider zur angeblichen Heiligung der Sabbathidee. Diese extremen Sometimes the Hebrew meaning of a name is Beispiele schrecken mich nicht im Mindesten ; an Leiter to tbe Editor misunderstood abroad. Thus in the case of a ihnen gerade wird man vielleicht klarer noch gentleman translating his name Loewensohn erkennen, wie gerade das juedische Gesetz in DIGNITY AND SELF-RESPECT (" Lion's son ") literally to " Benari," his very seinen Veraestelungen die Sabbathidee zu einer Sir, assimilated English relatives expressed their satis­ jederzeitigen Verwirklichung und Verlebendigung I was interested in Mr. Schwab's note on the late faction that he had got rid of this " Jewish " name. gebracht hat. Die Sabbathidee an sich also, die Saemy Japhet whose death he rightly describes as the The queerest change of surname, in my experi­ Idee eines der Seele und der Ruhe geweihten Tages " passing of a generation." I was particularly pleased ence, is that of a Dutch Jew whose name was un­ ist heilig gross und bedeutungsvoU. Und was ist to read that, in the Edwardian era, Japhet was satisfied pronounceable—at least properly—by non-Dutch, aus ihr geworden, wenn Sie z.B. auf die Tanzver- with " a more traditional role," while some of his and who, therefore, called himself " Shibboleth," gnuegungen unserer Grosstaedter und die Wirts- associates were attracted by " English society which, referring to the test word of the Gileadites for the haustrunkenheit unserer Vorstaedter und laend- led by Royalty, warmly welcomed them." Unfor­ defeated Ephraimites (Judges 12. 6), who could lichen Bevoelkerung blicken ? Was ist aber aus tunately the " warm welcome " was not as universal only say Sibboleth, and were put to death. ihr geworden, wenn Sie auf ein altjuedisches Haus as Mr. Schwab seems to suppose. There are, however, a great number of people, blicken, in dem wirkliche Sabbathruhe und Frieden It is quite true that Edward VII was exceedingly even in prominent positions, who prefer keeping herrscht ? Jeder, der die Verhaeltnisse kennt und fond of his famous Court Jews, especially the immi­ their European names (e.g. Weizmann, Loewe, einen Freitag-.\bend als Kind oder Erwachsener grants from Germany, Sir Ernest Cassel and Sir Felix Blumenfeld). There is certainly some danger of in einem juedischen Hause erlebt hat, wird die Semon, but his sympathies were not shared by families being split up when later generations in Ruhe, die in diesen Sabbathstunden ein juedisches " Society." Mr. Schwab might with profit read Miss various countries—and how many Jewish families Haus durchzieht, als beglueckend empfinden. Zu Sackville-West's book " The Edwardians " where have been dispersed all over the world !—have dieser Ruhe hat die Strenge des Gesetzes das " no character is wholly fictitious." Owing to what forgotten their former common family name. Wesentlichste beigetragen, und man kann geradezu Paul Emden called " the undercurrents and prejudices They may not realise any longer that Mr. Silver­ sagen, dass die Veraestelungen und aeussersten from many sides," Cassel was long barred from the man's father was a cousin of Mr. Caspi's father, Konsequenzen der Halacha fuer den Ghettojuden Jockey Club ; Baron Hirsch found even the King's and that the English Mr. Mostyn is a close relative des Mittelalters und den gehetzten Berufssklaven support unavailing, and the treatment meted out to of Mr. Maos in Israel—both being close relatives of in un-serer Zeit den juedi.schen Sabbath zu einem Semon nearly broke the man's heart. In keeping the undersigned : Tage gemacht haben, dem wir Juden nichts clear of this society, Japhet did honour to his sense of Schoeneres und Edleres zur Seite stellen koennen dignity as well as of reality. HANS MOSBACHER und um den wir mit Recht von jedem beneidet While on the subject of dignity, I wonder how many werden duerfen. Wenn ich am Freitag Nachmittag readers of Dr. Jacobson's interesting article objected DENTAL SCHOOL IN JERUSALEM meine Buero-Schluessel, mein Geld und meine to the sentence : " No Jewish immigrant need have To celebrate the opening of the new Dental Briefschaften und alles, wcis meine Taschen mit given up his biblical Christian names for reasons of School in Jerusalem a dinner was held in Ix)ndon AUtaeglichem fuellt, ablege, dann trenne ich mich expediency, as these are also traditional names in under the auspices of the Dental Group of the auf kurze Frist von meinem Erwerbsleben und England." I do not criticise changes of names Hebrew University. Dr. Charles Hill, M.P., lebe in einer anderen edleren Welt, in einer Welt, generally ; often enough they will he sufficiently Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food, die mir die Moeglichkeit gibt, zu mir selbst zu warranted. But it seems to me that no Jew deserves who was the guest of honour, stressed the import­ kommen. Die Halacha, die z.B. die Vorschriften respect who either gives up a biblical name for reasons ance of dental help and dental education in Israel. ueber den Tchum geschaffen hat und die uns of expediency, or—just as bad—retains it merely It was also revealed at the meeting that a need infolgedessen an die Naehe unseres Hauses fesselt, because it happens to be " also traditional " among for equipment was very urgent. Any form of die Halacha, die uns zwingt, am Sabbath al'es, was Gentiles. assistance would be gratefully appreciated by the alltaeglich ist, abzulegen und zumindest zu veraen- C. C. .4ronsfeld. Hon. Secretary, Mr. Gerald Wootliff, at 237 Baker dem, schafft dutch diese scheinbaren Aeusserlich- 12 Victoria Villas. N.IV.6. Street, London, N.W.I. AJR INFORMATION April. 1954 Fage 7 Alfred Joachim Fischer : 0/d Acquaintances TRIESTE—CITY WITHOUT ANTISEMITISM Anton KohlhcMa :—The man who played the Trieste remains an unsolved international pro­ Antisemitism is foreign to the Italian national signature tune for Carol Reed's " Third Man " on blem. Violent passions clash in this lively capital of character. .\s the Jews were permitted and even his famous zither is in trouble. After the success the Anglo-American Zone A. There is a majority encouraged to assimila'^e, they came to use the of his " Harry Lime " theme he appeared before in favour of reunion with Italy and a strong min­ Italian language more and more. A few well-known the Pope and the King of England. With his ority which hopes for the continuation of the families became baptised, but the kernel remained savings Anton Karas returned to his native Vienna status quo. Between the two camps stand a variety faithful. Mussolini once assured his biographer, to fulfil his life's dream by opening a " Heurigen " of turncoats and opportunists, as well as a number Emil Ludwig (Cohn), that no Jewish problem in Sievering. Film stars and famous foreigners of real patriots. existed in Italy and that every country had the came to listen to him every night. But his competi­ Jews it deserved. The Triestine Jews, particularly, tors protested, and pressed the authorities to refuse trusted his words. Thus, the first racial laws of the him a licence. Anton Karas is fighting the decision LETTER FROM JERUSALEM year 1938 came as a completely unexpected blow. and will not close down. The " Zither Man " is staging a revolt in his home town, and Carol Reed, The other day, a deputation of the Association of Of the original 6,000 Jews, 2,000 emigrated. Until the Germans took over in 1943 the Jews were not his discoverer, even promised to come to his aid if Hebrew Writers appealed to the Knesseth to take it would help . . . measures against the unlimited import of foreign physically molested, and life was bearable. The language literature. A large part of the Hebrew Jewish community felt the waves of sympathy press deplored such a step which was contrary to which went out from the Christian population. Ifhere i» Bilbo?—His name was not always Jack the spirit of enlightened cultural progress custom­ Only when the Badoglio regime began and the Bilbo because no father in Berlin gave his son such arily expected from writers. Especially Israel, so German army occupied Trieste did the usual a suitable name for his exile. The bearded artist they argued, which has suffered for years from a horrors commence. About one thousand Jews started with fictional books about his adventures dearth of foreign books and whose doors were were deported, of whom only ten survived and in America (e.g. " I was Al Capone's Bodyguard "). closed to world literature because of lack of hard returned. All the others^about 3,000—managed After his internment in England he opened a currency, should welcome every influx from the to live underground in Trieste or in the Italian gallery off Haymarket where he showed works by publishing houses abroad. In a small country, the interior. However, the police and civil service Vicky and the late Kurt Schwitters. Before he Widening of the horizon is a necessary antidote remained aloof from antisemitism in spite of the left London Jack Bilbo bought a house-boat. Now against parochialism and provincialism. barrage of propaganda, and helped wherever they he runs a restaurant on Montparnasse in Paris, but could. his beard is still his best trademark. I hold no brief for the Hebrew writers but I do "jPt think they are as reactionary as it appears on 1 was assured by Triestine Jews that the number the surface. Of course, for the ordinary reader the of brutal anti-Jewish Fascists could be counted on U.S'A':—Lotte Lenja, the .\ustrian bom widow conquest of the Israel book market by American the fingers of one hand. Fortunately the Catholic of composer Kurt Weill played Jenny again when publishers, is a blessing. At the favourable rate of Church in Rome and in other parts of Italy was " The Threepenny Opera " was produced in New fill' 1 Israeli Pound, American pocket books are able to help more than in the city of Trieste, where York. Marc Blitzstein adapted the " Dreigro- it did not have much authority. Nevertheless, mig the stationery and book shops, and the kiosks, schenoper" which has never been produced in there were some individual clergymen who saved England or the States before.—Maria Riva, Marlene ^Jid pocket books, at the price of a few centimes, Jewish lives. SPyer everything from Plato's dialogues and the Dietrich's daughter was in the cast of Charles •Jdyssey, from the Koran and philosophy, from Because of further emigration, particularly to Morgan's " Burning Glass " which had a first night dictionaries and art reproductions, to the contem­ Israel, the post-war figure of Jews in Trieste went on Broadway, and scored a success.—Charles porary novelists, poets and short storv writers of down to 1,500. Baptisms which took place during Goldner co-starred in Sigmund Romberg's last America and Britain. In addition, there are the the war as camouflage manoeuvres were generally musical " The Girl in Pink Tights " in New York, not renounced, but hardly any were carried out and had offers to produce and act in " Dear Ordinary " American books, in an overwhelming afterwards. One of the exceptions to this is un­ Charles." ^*"^ety—fiction and history, technology and pleasant and tragic from the Jewish point of view. medicine, philology and engineering. Trieste's pre-war Rabbi Israel ZoUer, who hails from Milestones:—Rudolf UUstein, the only surviving A large percentage of potential buyers read Poland, was hidden in Vatican City during the war. brother of the founders of that famous publishing iiglish_ and for the few who don't, there are German After the Liberation he made excessive demands company in Berlin is 80 years old. After working t|ooks imported from Switzerland. Having this from the community, and when these were refused in London with Nicolson & Watson, he returned to , j/'^ation in mind, one comes to the conclusion that became a Catholic. Today Eugenie Maria—alias Berlin a few years ago, and succeeded in starting Hebrew writers did not protest so much out of Israel ZoUer—works in the Vatican Library. In " Morgenpost " and " B.Z." again. The mounting arrow-mindedness but rather as a professional addition, he writes books about Jews and Jewish circulation of his newspapers is proof of his eternal group which sees its economic basis imperilled. For problems. (Rome went through the same dis­ youthfulness.—Mechtilde Lichnowsky celebrated under the impact of foreign competition, the Hebrew appointment with its Chief Rabbi.) her 75th birthday in London. This well-known ^ok market is shrinking. Not that this touches Zoller's successor is young Rabbi Dr. Paolo authoress is the widow of the late German ambas­ Jie dominating position of the Hebrew language. Nissim, who comes from Florence. He is said to be sador in London with whom she came to England ^ times of the " Sprachenstreit" have long modern and tolerant and manages to keep good before the first war. th Hebrew is deeply anchored in the lives of relations with all sections of the Community. ^ People—it is spoken in the schools and law Lately, mixed marriages have become more frequent. This and That:—Gabriele Tergit of London read Kart *' *^* factories and the army, the kinder- Of the remaining more prominent families, the from her novel " Effingers " in New York.—Maria 6 rtens and the University. Its monopolistic Stocks are best known. The proprietor of the •-laims are in no way disputed. Fein's gifted daughter Maria Becker of Zurich's internationally famous cognac factory became " Schauspielhaus " will come to London in the of v.* m a country with just over li million Jews renowned for his charitable work. The Triestine autumn to play " Iphigenie " on the B.B.C.— of «r°°^ * great many are not literary-minded, and Jews have him to thank for the mitigation of many Alfred Braun, the once famous radio reporter, the ^— who are, not all are proficient in Hebrew, post-war difficulties. Forty-four-year-old Dr. Mario became chief of the German radio station " Free the *'°^ °t books are by necessity small ; and Stock, who is in the cement industry, is president of Berlin."—Cornel Borchers, a young German actress jj^ ,^"^ler the edition, the higher the costs of the community. His deputy. Dr. Garddo Glass, will be in the new Ealing picture " The Divided P oauctiou and the ensuing price. Therefore, comes from the timber trade. Gustavo Treves, a Heart " which started production in Kitzbuehel ,,^^°'''^* publishers—and with them, the authors— Sephardic Jew, holds the office of Secretary of the and London.—Robert Siodmak will direct his next who * ?^"^S battle against American competition Community, like his father before him. film, " Sodom and Gomorrah, " in Rome. ^ °se giant sales the world over allow quite a Some acts of " Aryanisation " have been revoked. nrot ?* calculation of prices. Their clamour for Thus, the Jews still play a role in the Insurance aJtho*^ 1^^ **"*^* "^ ^ justified act of self-protection Obituaries :—In Rome died Geza Herczeg, aged companies, but they no longer have a decisive 65. He started as journalist and was co-author of nam 1 °^ course, the other interested party— influence in this field. Individual fortunes, houses, succeed ^^^ readers—hopes that they will not " Wonder Bar " which became a hit in the twenties. etc., were returned to the owners. Heirless property Married to Leopoldine Konstantin, during the was handed to the community. The military Hitler years Herczeg lived in Hollywood where he different *^ *^^ ptess goes, the picture is somehow authorities discovered valuables and money of scripted the Zola picture.—Six months after he course t .-American papers do come in but, of deported Jews in banks and other institutions. If returned from the States to Berlin, Hungarian born the original owner or his heirs could not be traced cartoonist Ladislas Fodor, who used to work for local dailiesd'air° , ^ ^*^^ ^°y ^^^^ °" ^^^ ^'^^ °^ ^^^ the Community took over the assets and distributed are hnlomm e -pTi ^^^ competitors to the Hebrew press Beriin's " 8 Uhr Abendblatt," died aged 56. are for Produce. Out of 24 dailies in Israel, nine them amongst its needy members. and XV H?i'. ^^ languag-^— ev^u papers—twt wx ^.± vKuiico eaca ilhl isriiciin Germa, luiine Close and very friendly relations have been FrennvI V, i?,'n'^^ languag'^^"^^ e°^^ papers—tw «*ch in o Englisheach in, GermaArabicn, established with the Jewish members of the occupa­ No Protection for the Dead :—German papers trench^•ddish. Pol,.,h an»ndH won e eac:-h_ There is a similar tion armies—for Trieste they are practically dollar report Willi Forst is directing a new picture nroT^^^:; Polish and Hungarian " Kabarett " in Munich, and Fritz Schulz will play and and pound tourists. At every Divine Service one moS^'ii'"'' ^^ ^^eards the many weeklies notices American and British uniforms, and wed­ the part of Fritz Gruenbaum, the unforgotten ^d s^^. Ar "^"^'^ *'°°« ^Pi^ i° German- dings between officers and soldiers and Jewish comedian who perished in Buchenwald. Even if Bul»rn^^ °i}^^ P^P«" "e « Ladino, Serbo-Croat, Triestine girls are no longer the exception. At we take it for granted that the impersonation BnSo^t iTt'i'u^' ^^^^- P°''^^ ^^^ Spanish, solemn occasions, as for instance the consecration will be in the best of taste, we feel they shouldn't suffered 1 n- °' ^^^^' ^^g^dless of the language, of the Monument for the Jewish Martyrs, prominent use the name of that gifted actor and compare— the AmericaA1 -.^^^n emagazme °^ '° ^^^^s an dcirculatio periodicaln ass soostarten ad^ personalities of public life participate and hold whether they have permission to do so or not. The life of a man who died in a concentration camp pouring in. They are " unfair competition . . . but speeches : from Mayor Bartoli and the party leaders no one wants to miss them up to high-ranking Anglo-Saxon officers. should not be used for entertainment purposes. HERBERT FREEDEN Copyright by A. J. FISCHER PEM P«^e 8 AJR INFORMATION April. 19S4

SILVER JUBILEE OF RABBI REINHART PERSONALIA On March 16th, 25 years have elapsed since Rabbi Dr. Arthur Hantke celebrated his 80th birthday Dr. H. F. Reinhart took up his office as Senior The composer Hugo Hirsch was 70 years old. Minister of the West London Synagogue. This in Jerusalem. He has been actively associated with After having lived in France for many years, he the Zionist Movement since his student' days. occasion was marked by a number of festive returned to Berlin in 1950 at the invitation of the gatherings. In the columns of this paper particular After having been in charge of the Berlin Office of Berlin Senate. the Zionist World Organisation he went to Israel mention should be made of Rabbi Reinhart's loving The well-known concert singer Paula Lindberg, care for the fate of the refugees. The 33 Club, as early as 1926 where he became Head of the who now lives in Amsterdam, has been invited to Keren Hayessod. founded by him in the first years of the Nazi give lectures at the International Academy of the persecutions, gave by its activities at 33 Seymour Dr. Fritz M. Warburg, formerly Hamburg, Mozarteum in Salzburg during the summer term. Place a feeling of security, even homeliness in a celebrated his 75th birthday on March 12. The United Synagogue, London, has com­ foreign country to hundreds of uprooted young and Dr. Warburg, who is the youngest of the brothers missioned Mr. H. S. Jaretzki, F.R.I.B.A., with the elderly people. Rabbi Reinhart also helped many Aby, Max, Paul and Felix, was a partner of design of a new Synagogue at Edgware, the largest German Rabbis to settle down and follow their his family's banking firm. Prior to his emigration ever built in England. Apart from the Synagogue vocation in this country. On this special occasion in 1940 he was Chairman of the Jewish Hospital in itself,-the plan provides for a communal hall and it is a matter of gratitude to recall his manifold Hamburg and also took an active interest in other ten class rooms for religious tuition. The estimated services for our community. May Rabbi Reinhart tasks of his home community. Dr. Warburg now cost is ;^100,000. further be granted good health and vigour to lives in Stockholm. Mr. Jaretzki has also designed the new Synagogue continue his pastoral work for many years to come. Dr. Leo Loewenstein, formerly Chairman of the to be built at Wembley under the auspices of the Association of Jewish Ex-Servicemen in Germany, United Synagogue. " I AM A CAMERA " recently celebrated his 75th birthday. As a Berlin ofthe'30's:—John van Druten's " I am a physicist of renown Dr. Loewenstein was not per­ Camera," adapted from Christopher Isherwood's mitted to emigrate and had to spend several years " Berlin Stories," currently playing at the New in Theresienstadt. He now lives in Zurich. Obituary Theatre, is a wonderful sketch of a play you Hofrat Dr. Heinrich Klang died in Vienna The economist and former columnist of the shouldn't miss. Against the background of Berlin, recently and was buried at the Jewish cemetery " Frankfurter Zeitung " Ernst Kahn, who now with the Nazis marching through the streets, we in the presence of prominent representatives of the lives in Israel, celebrated his 70th birthday. see this cheap and comic gold-digger, Sally who, Austrian authorities. Dr. Klang, who had survived The eye specialist Dr. Hugo Feilchenfeld, because of her youthful freshness, somehow the Theresienstadt Concentration Camp, was an manages to remain a lady. She comes from a formerly Head of the Ophthalmological Department outstanding lawyer. He held a Chair at Vienna of the Berlin Jewish Hospital, was 80 years old middle-class home in England, and drifts into Berlin University and was Senatspraesident of the Austrian night life. She gets hurt and ditched, but she recently. He now lives in Israel. High Court. • Julius Deutsch, Minister of War in the first cannot resist going on. Her finger nails are green, Atistrian Republic, was 70 years old. He had lived The famous chess master Jacques Mieses her cheeks dead white ; we have known girls like in exile from 1934 onwards, and returned to Vienna (formerly Berlin) died in London in his 90th year. Sally by the dozen, and gifted Dorothy Tutin is after the war. He is married to the well-known brilhant in the part. As a real Berlin landlady authoress Adrienne Thomas. Dr. Friedrlch Muenz (formerly lawyer in Marianne Deeming-Kupfer is continental enough Beuthen) passed away recently in Manchester. He to make us feel at home. Another continental Rabbi Dr. A. Philipp, formerly Elberfeld, spent several years in Leeds where he was an active actress, Renee Goddard (her father was a German recently celebrated his 50th birthday. Rabbi member of the local AJR Committee. As the scion M.P.) plays the little Jewish girl ; she had to learn Philipp, who also studied economics and wrote his of a well-known family of rabbis—his father was a a German accent for the part, because she was so doctor's thesis about Sombart's " Die Juden und rabbi in Beuthen—he disposed of a great Jewish young when she came to England that she has none. das Wirtschaftsleben" is now Rabbi of the knowledge and took a particular interest in cultural The whole production is delightful. PFTA/f Congregation Emeth W'Emunah, Jerusalem. efforts of the group. FAMILY EVENTS CLERK, elderly, wants responsible ASSISTANT PATTERN CUTTER Personal Entries in this column are free of position, exp. w. publishers, music, wants suitable position. Box 217. BRITISH FRIENDSHIP SOCIETY, charge. Texts should be sent in by the theatre, literature ; languages Engl., 231 Baker Street, N.W.I. Introduc­ 18/A of the motUh. German, French, Ital. Box 203. MACHINIST wants pt.-time job in tions to new friends everywhere. No plain machining. Box 218. age limit. Write for particulars. Mr. Otto M. Dinkelspiel, of 75 BOOKKEEPER, full set of books, Compayne Gardens, London, N.W.6 good ref., wants position of trust. DIS.\BLED man, machinist for ladies' LADY, cheerful and home-loving, (formerly Hamburg), recently cele­ Box 204. wishes to meet gentleman between 60 brated his 80th birthday. wear, wants homework, also repairs and alterations. Box 219. and 60, view to marriage. Box 198. Dr. Frederick Mitchell (formerly PACKER/STOREKEEPER, elderiy Fritz Goldstein), of II College Court, but strong, wants suitable job. Box MISSING PERSONS College Crescent, N.W.3, was 80 on 205. Accommodation Enquiries from AJR April 1st. PROGRESSIVE HOME for 12 Boys VogeUV -M. 70, from Beriin- Deaths SHIPPING CLERK, exp. (gen. export) wants similar position. JJox 206. and Girls of school age. Normal Charlof .icharrenstr. 38, for Mrs. Meta Schleslnger (nee Hirsch- family life. Cultured liberal Jewish JohaniLi > oeiier, Berlin. mann), formerly Breslau, passed away FORMER RECHTSANWALT seeks background. Moderate terms. Special on March 14, 1954, deeply mourned by clerical or managerial position of any consideration slightly maladjusted Rubinfeld, Ernst, from Vienna, last her family. 59 Gunnersbury Avenue, kind, or any position of trust. Box 220. children. Holiday visitors welcome. known address Sandhurst, Kent, for W.5. Box 197. Mrs. D. Konstein, New York. Has any CHOCOLATE OR SWEET Mr. Ernst Collin (formerly Berlin), Stott, Ingeborg, n^e Herz, wife of husband of Mrs. Margarethe Collin, of MANUFACTURER a vacancy as supervisor or position of trust for a Miscellaneous William Pringle Stott, for Dr. Martin 6 Acol Road, London, N.W.6, passed Kanter, New York. away on March 19 in his 72nd year. man with 12 years' experience with DEUTSCHE BUECHER GESUCHT! CLASSIFIED leading firm in the trade outside R. & E. Steiner, 64 Talgarth Rd., W.14. Mueller, Dr. med Kurt and wife Situation Vacant London ? Now requires position in Ei«:-rS24 Ruth, from Leobschuetz, for Koii- RESIDENT COOK/HOUSEKEEPER London. Box 221. stantin Purschke, Lingen. GERMAN SETTEE, large 2-seater, required for Jewish Old .\ge Home, Women upholstery in perfect condition. Loose Hermann, Otto, from Prague, work­ preferably with nursing experience. PERFECT COOK or Cook-House­ cover. Going cheap. GL.\ 7805. ing in a textile firm, same enquirer. Age 36 to 45. Good accommodation keeper wants daily work 9—6. Box 196. and conditions, permanent post. Apply Freund, Wilhelm, born 2.5.15 at in writing to Matron, Morris Feinmarm TYPIST, own typewriter, wants full/ MEISSEN or similar single teapot Pilsen, for JRSO, Berlin. House, 7 Amherst Road, Manchester, pt. time or homework. Box 207. wanted. PRI 2607 (8—10 a.m.). 14. Hoexter, Alfred, born 9.4.1880 at NEEDLEWOMAN is free for altera­ Situations Wanted Dahlenburg, later Berlin, same tions, mending, darning. In/outdoor. ALL MAKES enquirer. Men Box 208. WAITER (48) wants suitable job, also BOUGHT Pinkus, Willi, from Schwiebus, same as manager of small snack bar. COOK, best ref., wants pt-time work SOLD Box 199. private restaurant. Box 209. enquirer. PAINTER who came here via WAITRESS, exp., wants job in a small EXCHANGED Personal Enquiries Shanghai, wants full or pt.-time work. Continental restaurant. Box 210. Dr. Fritz Simon, son of Anna Simon, Box 200. REPAIRED ANb MAINTAINED Berlin, wanted by Emanuel Meyer, COOK, long exp., good ref., wants CHILDREN'S NURSE, exp. reliable, 10 Avonmore Avenue, Guildford, for­ position in or outside London. Box 201. wants full or pt.-time work (not resi­ merly Guben Berlin. YOUNG MAN, exp. in perfumery and dential). Box 211. ELITE TYPEWRITER Co. Ltd. soap trade, electroplating, plastic Mr. S. Haas, 46 to 60 years old, born ELDERLY LADY wants pt.-time -WELback 25U- laboratory, working for Nat. Cert. in Prag, where he lived till 1939, work as companion or f. attending or nephew of the late Fredrich Haas, (Chemistry) requires laboratory post, light housework. Box 215. pref. analytical work. Knows also lll CRAWFORD STREET Vienna. Replies to Mr. Richard electricity, typg., German and French. DAILY HOUSEKEEPER job wanted Manuel, 14 Monarch Court, Lyt^elton Box 202. by reliable woman. Box 216. off BAKER STREET, W.I Road, London, N.2. AJR INFORMATION April, 1954 Page 9 AJR AT WORK NEWS FROM GERMANY EMPLOYMENT FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE DEFRAUDER POSES AS NAZI FRANKFURT CEMETERY DESECRATED The number of elderly people who call for work The " Amsterdamer Handelsblatt " reports an At the old Jewish cemetery in the Rat-Beil- at the AJR Employment Agency (annually licensed episode which happened in Kreuznach and which, Strasse 8 tombstones were turned over and several by the L.C.C.) has increased during the recent but for its serious implications, could serve as a plot memorials damaged. According to the police this months. Quite a few male applicants are not any for a comedy. A man claimed that he had been an had been done by playing children. The Frankfurter longer able to do the same heavy work they had SA " Sturmbannfuehrer " and that he was perse­ " Neue Presse " asks : " Why do things of this done so far. The female applicants include many cuted as a war criminal. He boasted of having kind always happen at a Jewish cemetery ? Can who up to now did not work at all, but are now killed Jews and French slave labourers during the that be an accident ? " The paper regrets that compelled by force of circumstances to earn their war, and reported that he had escaped from a Frankfurt with its liberal and humanitarian living. French prison. Old Nazis, who were moved by his tratlition has become the scene of such vandalism. It would be greatly appreciated if firms and story, gave him money, clothing and hospitality in private people who are prepared to accept elderly an elegant Ivreuznach hotel. Within a short time, men and women for work or for training contacted he had accumulated donations of a value of 4,000 DM FILM ABOUT 20th JULY the AJR Employment Agency, 8 Fairfax Mansions, and was well equipped with suits, radio and other Under the heading " Stichwort Walkuere— N.W.3. Tel. MAI 4449. commodities. The " martyT " gave two lectures 20th Juli, 1944 " the divorced wife of the former which ended in protest resolutions against the Reichsjugendfuehrer Baldur von Schirach will AJR HANDICRAFT .EXHIBITION further prosecution of " so-called " war criminals. produce a documentary film about the events The AJR Handicraft Group, which has a per­ The police became suspicious and found out that in connected with this fateful day- manent exhibition at the AJR premises, announces fact the man was a baker who, during the war, had "' that it always accepts orders for any kind of handi­ held a clerical job with the Army. He was sentenced craft work. Furthermore, a large variety of articles to three weeks' imprisonment. HAVING A ^.PAifiTY? are on sale, and gift tokens are available for any amount. The Group includes artists, painters and Phone Mrs. Manfll ' PAD 2593 sculptors. Tel. MAI 4449. ARNOLD ZWEIG CRITICISES She can-iiSlp you with all arrangements EAST GERMAN GOVERNMENT SEDER HOSPITALITY At a rally in Leipzig the poet Arnold Zweig ..^HFlu-st-Class Cooks and Waitresses The AJR Social Services Department has been strongly criticised the loss of freedom in Eastern approached by several couples and single persons Germany. He warned against a conversion of the who would like to be invited for the Seder Nights. German language into " Party-Chinese." He also GERMANY'S OLDEST JEWESS Could anyone ready to give them hospitality complained that the individual was no longer Mrs. Clara Wetzler, Offenbach, was 100 years on contact the AJR Social Services Department, master of his leisure. In former times, he said, it March 11. She celebrated the birthday in the same 8 Fairfax Manions, N.W.3. Tel. MAI 4449. Was a matter of course that a man could go out for house in which she was bom. When in 1943 she a lonely walk in order to clear his mind or to read was due for deportation, Mrs. Wetzler, then almost THE HYPHEN a book. The Chief Editor of the " Saechsische 90 years old, managed to pretend that she was not Details of the April programme may be obtained Tageblatt," which published Arnold Zweig's address fit for transportation and lived underground until from Miss L. Metzger, 45a Golders Green Road, in detail, has fled to Western Germany. the end of the war. London, N.W.ll, enclosing s.a.e.

BLUE DANUBE CLUB Ich uebe meine Praxis wieder in CLIFTON HOUSp,--^ "ASHDALE GUESTHOUSE*.^ FRANKFURT a/Main aus. 1S3 Fiochlej Road, N.WJ (Swiss CotUas'sto.) 14 CLIFTON PLACE, B^UJH'TON ^23. BEAULIEU ROAD-^-^^^^ Dr. Max \^&vf^ Tel.: VJJ^ BOURNEMO IR'ir W. Tel. WettbetTrne 619471 Performances -^ Agoodcontinentak^ering establishment Repht&nwalt 5 Riin. See—AU-Cffnveniencat. Continental Cooking every Saturday and Reslu^d off-season terms Wlnjar^erms: 4 to 4i Guineas Weekly Sunday 7.30 p.m. Frajdcfiirt a/M., Schwindstr. 8 5 Guine'as weekly - Children half-terms ^•""^ Prop. E. Bruder -^' World Travel Specialists FURZEDOWIil'" Bookings bu^ooe (PRI 5548) and at Box Office H. KAUFMANN No Booking Eire's (Mn. K. Schwaia^ ^t.&Sji^between 11-land from 3 p.m. onwards. I6B Hampstead Hill Gardens, ,N;'W.3 WOOD ROAD, HIND^fBAD, SURREY HAMPSTEAQ TRAVEL & Tel. HAMpstead $9K'' '' Memben and Friends only. Telephone ^Hffidhead 33ft THEATRE AGENCY Excellent conUtfeStal cuisine. All diets. DECORAfiNG The ideal p)*'ce for rest and convalescence. 40-4^J4^ath Street, Hampstead, N.W.3 - Quashed. 2 acre garden. .--''' and Boj^fc^ow for Easter, Whitsan, Summer THE : CE ^'•^ Phone : HAMpstead 9070/0754 Children welcome GENiekAL BUILDING WORK Continental Cuisine — Licensed OLD & MODERN PAINTINGS BOOKS -.-' 169a FincUcy Rd., N.W.3 MAI 6301 WANTED,- '^ Wanted good English, FrencJ^-H German 17 Parsifal Rpa*; IV.W.e Good cash prices offe^r Please contact Parties calered for Books — offers madejvifhout obligation. HAM'5856 DENNtS-^NDERKAR The BoafdCag-house with culture 42 MeoeHt: Road, West Hampstead, M. D^^^ATERHOUSE ^^ A Home for you ^*=^ London, N.W.2 Elderly people welcomed ^^/-^ Phone HAM 3740 2 Sta|ioifXrcade, Swiss Cottage, N.W.6 J. A. C. /' '-'^ PRImrose 2585 BROADHURST HALL / SCHREIBER'S GUEST HOUSE BROADHLl^ST GARDENS, N.w!* FREUD-MARLE . 26 Blenheim Gardens, N.W.2 ,^.^" (behind Jolm Barnes) ^ DOLLS' HOSPITA> GIA 5622 _,---'~ Open Daily from 3 pan.—y*.ta. School of Dramatic Arf" Dolls & Teddies of any make repaired. for 2 mins. from Willesdsa^reen Station G. LEA, ^.^" Voice & Speech Theraji^ Full Board pcet^6 gns. onwards 87 Boundary I^padTN.W.S Teas, Dinn&^ and Teachers: ARNOLD MARJdC at {near Abb6y Road) Homely atmosphere 4 meals Every late Syippers LILLY FRp(jD-MARLE cmnmiTence Elderly people welcomed Voice production, cojjEhing for parts. TOY ^ GIFT SHOP Excellent CtUsCDe — Tea Garden Latejit-'English & Continental Toys. Coffee Loanfte —/Own Viennese Patlaaarle Make up. Candit^^^s and amateurs PENSION coached for all entrance exams and ^lE MUESSEN NACH DEUTSCHLAWD 7 First-class furnished rooms^-"radiator ^nlly Licensed auditions. Eloo«ion. Public speaking. Wir besorgen Ihnen schncUstpn* zu heating, continental cooking.'every con­ Dance* >f CandleUaht: Wedneaday Voice andspg«!ch defects overcome (lisp­ Originalpreisen ,-^ venience. Garden, LoMnge, Television. Banprilay and Sunday ETeninJ ing, stammering). Children, Adults. FAHRKARTEN-FLUGKjJtR^tN-VISEN usw. Continental, ilmosphere LARGE HALL for English^TC Ck)ntinental methods. GERMANIA,^.rfeAVEL LTD. WEDBINGS, RECEPTIONS, CONCERTS Tube ajKl buses very near The Spe^alists foi Germany / MEETINGS, Etc 4 (^TELLAIN ROAD, W.9 77 Si'-dabrlel's Road, N.W.2 MariitrArch - 5, New Qnebec Street Members and Friends Reserr. MAI M>7 y TEL.: GUN 9623 Phone : AMB 9335 A 9474 ^^ Tel. Gla. 4029

R. GRAHAM . ' INTERNATIONAL PHARMACY LEO HOROVITZ has resumed repairs of ^iir Trunks, LTD. SCULPTOR-STONEMASON Suitcases, Travelbags, Sports and 65 Fairfax Road, LondqA,-'M.W.6 MEMORIALS'POR ALL Fancygoods,Jttandbags, etc. etc. Telephone MAI 4401 CEMETERIES CoKect and deliver Offeriert: Kamlflen, Pfefferminztee & FAWLEY ROAD, PhslSe HAM 1037, 7—9 p.m. only kontin^htale Fieberthermometer ^^t^Tr HHAMPSTEAD , N.W.6 ^--"Watch out for further details ! ^^' (breite Form) Telephone: HAMpetead 2SM Pafte 10 AJR INFORMATION April, 1954 PHOTOCOPIES OF DOCUMENTS If it's TYPEWRITERS, DECORATINC irx8' first copy Va^ not increased our prices Types of Insurances with Lo