ALL IN SCHOOL MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA MOROCCO OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN INITIATIVE FACT SHEET

1. Numbers and percentages of out-of-school children (2000-2013)1

100 50 Out-of-school children

Number Per cent 80 40 Pre- Pre- primary primary 60 30

Primary Primary 40 20 Thousand Percentage (%)

Lower Lower 20 10 secondary secondary

0 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Pre-primary out-of-school Primary out-of-school Lower secondary out-of-school rates fluctuating rates down to around 1% rates down significantly

2. The Five Dimensions of Exclusion2

100 Out of school Dimension 1 Dimension 2 80 Dimension 3

60 At risk of dropping out Dimension 4 Dimension 5 40 In school Percentage (%) Pre-primary 20 Primary Lower secondary 0 Upper secondary 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Age

Dimensions of Exclusion Dimension 1 Dimension 2 Dimension 3 Dimension 4 Dimension 5 Children of Children of primary Children of lower Children who are Children who are pre-primary school school age who are secondary school in primary school in lower secondary age who are not not in primary or age who are not but at risk of school but at risk in pre-primary or secondary school in primary or dropping out of dropping out primary school secondary school

#/% of children excluded 0.22 million 0.08 million 0.26 million 0.07 million 0.06 million 26% 2% 16% 8% 12%

1 UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), World Bank, and National Authority for Evaluation (CSE). 2 Calculated from UIS and CSE 2012 data. Refugees and stateless persons are excluded from the statistics. ALL IN SCHOOL MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA MOROCCO OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN INITIATIVE FACT SHEET

3. Classification of the out-of-school population (Dimensions 2 and 3) by school exposure3

Left school 2% 2% 1% 15% Likely to enter school in the future Unlikely to ever enter school

Primary Lower secondary

83% 97%

More than 80% of primary school-aged The majority of lower secondary school-aged out-of-school children will go to school in the future children have dropped out

4. Schooling pathways of school aged children4

Reference Population: upper secondary age (15-17 years old)

99 0.2

Entered primary school Did not enter primary school

89 3 8

Completed primary school Still attending Did not complete lower secondary due primary school to repetition or overage

80 9 Over 90% of children with disabilities Entered lower secondary Did not enter remain outside lower secondary any form of schooling 46 24 10

Completed Still attending Did not complete lower secondary lower secondary due lower secondary to repetition or overage

30 16 Repetition rate climbs to 29% Entered upper Did not enter in the last grade of upper secondary secondary lower secondary education 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percentage (%)

3 Calculated from CSE data 2012. 4 UIS and CSE 2012. ALL IN SCHOOL MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA MOROCCO OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN INITIATIVE FACT SHEET

5. Out-of-school children by background characteristics (Dimensions 2 and 3)5

100 Primary Lower secondary 80 69 61 60

44 40 35

Percentage (%) 26 22 19 20 13 13 10 4 2 0 Girls Boys Rural Urban Poorest Richest 20% 20%

Out-of-school rates are higher for girls, rural children and poor children

6. Cumulative out-of-school risk related to combined characteristics6

80 Risk of primary out of school Risk of lower secondary out of school 70 68

60 55

50

40

Percentage (%) 30 27

20 18 16 12 10 5 3

0 Boy Girl ✓ Girl ✓ Girl ✓ Urban Urban Rural ✓ Rural ✓ Non-poorest Non-poorest Non-poorest Poorest ✓

A child with all three risk characteristics is 4 times more likely to be out-of-school at primary school age, and 3 times more likely to be out-of-school at lower secondary school age. Area of residence (rural vs. urban) plays a critical role in school attendance.

5 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) 2003-04. 6 Calculated from DHS 2003-04 using multivariate logit regressions. Information on parental education is unavailable. ALL IN SCHOOL MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA MOROCCO OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN INITIATIVE FACT SHEET

7. Out-of-school children (Dimensions 2 and 3) by region7

Out of school % Tanger-Tetouan Taza-Al Hocei- 30.6 – 36.4 ma-Taounate Gharb-Chrarda-Bni Hssen 24.9 – 30.5 Rabat-Sale-Zemmour-Zaer Oriental 13.6 – 24.8 Grand-Casablanca Fes-Boulemane 11.7 – 13.5 Chaouia-Ouardigha Doukkala-Abda Tadla-Azilal Number of Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz Meknes-Tafilalet out-of-school children

Souss-Massa-Draa < 10,000 10,001 – 20,000 20,001 – 100,000 Laayoune-Boujdou-sakia Al Hamra Guelmim-Es-Smara 100,001 – 200,000 > 200,000

Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz, Tanger- Western Tetouan and Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate Sahara have relatively high out-of-school (Annexed by Morocco) children numbers

Doukkala-Abda, Gharb-Chrarda-Beni Hssen, Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz and Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate have relatively high out-of-school children percentages

8. Barriers and policies/strategies8

10% of the primary Infrastructure is being Monitoring cells school age population improved at over providing individualized benefits from the Policies/strategies 30% of schools, learning assistance “Taysir” conditional cash particularly in rural areas transfer programme

In a 2006 survey, In the national math test, Among rural teachers, The pre-primary Barriers 83% of students said over 50% of lower less than 15% are female, enrolment rate in rural they suffered corporal secondary students and only around 20% areas is only 30%, punishment at school scored 0 to 25 out of 100 are categorized as senior but 72% in urban areas

7 Calculated from DHS 2003-04. 8 Extracted from survey and policy reports published between 2007 and 2012.

UNICEF Middle East and North Africa Regional Office Email: [email protected] www.oosci-mena.org