Public Opinion in Kosovo, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and North Macedonia Kosovo: November 18-30, 2018 Serbia: November 18-26, 2018 Bosnia and Herzegovina: November 16-28, 2018 North Macedonia: November 17-26, 2018 Kosovo Methodology
• The survey was conducted on behalf of the International Republican Institute’s Center for Insights in Survey Research by Ipsos Strategic Marketing. • Data was collected between November 18 to November 30, 2018 through face-to-face interviews. • The total number of interviews consisted of 1,019 Kosovo residents. • The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus 3.4 percent at the mid-range with a confidence level of 95 percent. The sample was made up of Kosovo residents, aged 18 and older. • In order to align this sample with population statistics as per the 2011 census, data in this presentation was weighted according to parameters gathered from official census data including region, urbanization, age, gender, nationality and education. • Regions included in the sample: Pristina, Northwest, Southeast, North and Southwest. Areas of the population excluded from the sample: none. • This sample was designed using a three stage, random probability sampling; strata allocation based on region and type of settlement; primary sampling units: polling station; within each settlement, households were visited by using an appropriate skip interval; within each visited household, interviews were conducted using random selection of eligible household members. • Figures in charts and tables may not add to 100 percent due to rounding error and/or multiple selection options. 2 Serbia Methodology
• The survey was conducted on behalf of the International Republican Institute’s Center for Insights in Survey Research by Ipsos Strategic Marketing. • Data was collected between November 18 to November 26, 2018 through face-to-face interviews. • The total number of interviews consisted of 1,027 Serbia residents. • The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus 3.21 percent at the mid-range with a confidence level of 95 percent. The sample was made up of Serbia residents, aged 18 and older. • In order to align this sample with population statistics as per the 2011 census, data in this presentation was weighted according to parameters gathered from official census data including region, urbanization, age, gender, and education. • Regions included in the sample: Belgrade, Vojvodina, Central, East and West Serbia. Areas of the population excluded from the sample: none. • This sample was designed using a three stage, random probability sampling; strata allocation based on region and type of settlement; primary sampling units: polling station; within each settlement, households were visited by using an appropriate skip interval; within each visited household, interviews were conducted using random selection of eligible household members. • Figures in charts and tables may not add to 100 percent due to rounding error and/or multiple selection options. 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Methodology
• The survey was conducted on behalf of the International Republican Institute’s Center for Insights in Survey Research by Ipsos Strategic Marketing. • Data was collected between November 16 to November 28, 2018 through face-to-face interviews. • The total number of interviews consisted of 1,019 BiH residents. • The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus 3.22 percent at the mid-range with a confidence level of 95 percent. The sample was made up of BiH residents, aged 18 and older. • In order to align this sample with population statistics as per the 2011 census, data in this presentation was weighted according to parameters gathered from official census data including region, urbanization, age, gender, nationality and education. • Regions included in the sample: Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of Srpska and Brcko District. Areas of the population excluded from the sample: none. • This sample was designed using a three stage, random probability sampling; strata allocation based on region and type of settlement; primary sampling units: polling station; within each settlement, households were visited by using an appropriate skip interval; within each visited household, interviews were conducted using random selection of eligible household members • Figures in charts and tables may not add to 100 percent due to rounding error and/or multiple selection options. 4 North Macedonia Methodology
• The survey was conducted on behalf of the International Republican Institute’s Center for Insights in Survey Research by Ipsos Strategic Marketing. • Data was collected between November 17 to November 26, 2018 through face-to-face interviews. • The total number of interviews consisted of 1,026 North Macedonia residents. • The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus 3.21 percent at the mid-range with a confidence level of 95 percent. The sample was made up of North Macedonia residents, aged 18 and older. • In order to align this sample with population statistics as per the 2002 census, data in this presentation was weighted according to parameters gathered from official census data including region, urbanization, age, gender, nationality and education. • Regions included in the sample: Skopje, North-West, South-West and East. Areas of the population excluded from the sample: none. • This sample was designed using a three stage, random probability sampling; strata allocation based on region and type of settlement; primary sampling units: polling station; within each settlement, households were visited by using an appropriate skip interval; within each visited household, interviews were conducted using random selection of eligible household members. • Figures in charts and tables may not add to 100 percent due to rounding error and/or multiple selection options. 5 Legend
Kosovo
Serbia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
North Macedonia
6 Opinions of the National and Regional Context
Kosovo Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina North Macedonia Generally speaking, would you say that [country] is heading…
In the right direction In the wrong direction Don't know/Refused to answer
7% 4% 9%
38%
55% 87%
15% 24% 39% 44%
32% 46%
8 Do you think that today’s generation of young people has a good future in [country] or not?
Total population Total population
8% 4% 5%
Aged 18-29 Aged 18-29 (n=336) 36% (n=194) 9% 57% 2% 7%
52% 91% 39% 91% Total population Total population
5% 18% 19% 16%
Aged 18-29 Aged 18-29 (n=192) (n=231) 4% 20% 12% 16%
63% 79% 67% 80 %
Yes No Don't know/Refused to answer 9 What would you say is the single biggest problem facing [country] today, that is, the one that you yourself are most concerned about? (Top five spontaneous answers)
Unemployment 50% Unemployment 38% Corruption 9% Brain drain 7% Relations with Serbia 7% Politics/internal politics 6% EU integration/Visa Corruption liberalization 4% 6% Economy 3% Low standard 4% Other (combined) 14% Other (combined) 29% Don't know/Refused to answer 14% Don't know/Refused to answer 11%
Kosovo 22% Unemployment 30% Unemployment 20% Economy 14% Low standard of living 16% Low standard of living 10% Economy 7% Name dispute/National identity 7% Corruption 6% Depopulation/Brain drain Other (combined) 29% 6% Don't know/Refused to answer 2% Other (combined) 32% 10 How about at the European level? What is the biggest single problem facing Europe today, the one that you are most concerned about? (Top five spontaneous answers)
Migrants/Migrant crisis 9% Migrants/Migrant crisis 25%
Kosovo/Serbia dialogue Economic crisis/Unemployment/Local 5% migrations 8% Terrorism/Safety 4% Terrorism/Safety 5% Crime, corruption 3% Brexit/EU instability/Local conflicts 4% Economic crisis/Unemployment/Local migrations 3% Crime/corruption 2% Other (combined) 15% Other (combined) 9% Nothing/None 1% Nothing/None <1% Don't know/Refused to answer 62% Don't know/Refused to answer 45%
Migrants/Migrant crisis 28% Migrants/Migrant crisis 30% Economic crisis/Unemployment/Local Terrorism/Safety 8% migrations 10% Economic crisis/Unemployment/Local Terrorism/Safety migrations 7% 6% Brexit/EU instability/Local conflicts 4% Brexit/EU instability/Local conflicts 3% Possibility of war/Big Power Conflicts 3% The conditions for EU integration 2% Other (combined) 19% Other (combined) 9% Nothing/None 2% Nothing/None 1% Don't know/Refused to answer 28% Don't know/Refused to answer 33% 11 In the long term, which of the following issues do you fear could threaten our way of life and children’s future?
60% Migration and demographic change
Collapse of banks, financial system, and general economic collapse 50% 49% Open conflict/War
Loss of culture, values, and the way of life we grew up with 40% 36% Terrorism, extremism, and political violence 32% Bankruptcy and disappearance of health and social security systems 30% 29% Other
Don't know/Refused to answer 20% 20% 20% 17% 16% 16% 15% 13% 12% 12% 11% 10% 11% 12% 9% 9% 10% 7% 7% 10% 7% 6% 6% 4% 5% 2% 1% <1% <1% <1% 0% XK RS BA MK
12 Did you vote in the parliamentary elections in [year] ?
Yes No Don't know/Refused to answer 2017 2018
3% 24% 28%
69% 76%
2016 2017
26% 26%
74% 74%
13 For which party did you vote? (Respondents from Kosovo who voted in the last parliamentary elections; n=695)
1 PDK Koalicija 31%
LDK Koalicija2 17%
Samoopredelenje (Lëvizja Vetëvendosje!) 13%
Gradjanska Inicijativa Srpska Lista 6%
Koalicija SDA - BSDAK 1%
FJALA 1%
Jedinstvena Goranska Partija - JGP 1%
Other 1%
Don't know/Refused to answer 31%
1Partia Demokratike e Kosovës‐PDK & Aleanca Për Ardhmërinë E Kosovës‐AAK & Nisma Për Kosovën‐NISMA & Partia E Drejtësisë‐PD & Lëvizja Për Bashkim‐LB & Partia Shqiptare Demokristiane e Kosovës‐PSHDK & Partia Konservatore e Kosovës‐PK & Alternativa Demokratike e Kosovës‐ADK & Republikanët E Kosovës‐REK & Partia E Ballit‐PB & Partia Socialdemokrate PSD & Balli Kombëtar I Kosovës‐BKK 2Lidhja Demokratike e Kosovës ‐ LDK Aleanca Kosova e Re ‐ AKR 14 For which party did you vote? (Respondents from Serbia who voted in the last parliamentary elections; n=759)
Aleksandar Vucic - Srbija pobedjuje 44% Ivica Dacic - Socijalisticka partija Srbije (SPS), Jedinstvena Srbija (JS) – Dragan Markovic Palma 8% Za pravednu Srbiju - Demokratska stranka (NOVA, DSHV, ZZS) 5% Dosta je bilo - Sasa Radulovic 5%
Dveri - Demokratska stranka Srbije - Sanda Raskovic Ivic 4%
Dr Vojislav Seselj - Srpska radikalna stranka 4% Boris Tadic, Cedomir Jovanovic - Savez za bolju Srbiju – LDP, LSV, SDS 4% Borko Stefanovic - Srbija za sve nas 1%
Savez vojvodjanskih Madjara-Istvan Pastor 1%
U inat - Slozno za Srbiju - Narodni savez <1%
Dijalog - Mladi sa stavom - Stanko Debeljakovic <1%
Zelena stranka <1%
Don't know/Refused to answer 25%
15 For which party did you vote? (Respondents from BiH who voted in the last parliamentary elections, n=772)
Savez Nezavisnih Socialdemokrata SNSD - Milorad Dodik 17%
SDA - Stranka Demokratske Akcije 15%
HDZ BIH,HSS,HKDU BIH,HSP-HNS,HSP DR AS BIH,HDU BIH 12%
SDP - Socialdemokratska Partija BIH 10%
DF-GS,Zeljko Komsic:BIH pobjedjuje! 8%
SDS-LISTA (SDS-NDP-NS-SRS) 5%
PDP-Mladen Ivanic 4%
DNS - Demokratski Narodni Savez 2%
Nezavisni Blok 2%
Socijalisticka Partija 1%
Stranka za Bosnu I Hercegovinu 1%
Nasa Stranka 1%
Don't know/ Refused to answer 21%
16 For which party did you vote? (Respondents from North Macedonia who voted in the last parliamentary elections; n=762)
SDSM 26%
Koalicija VMRO - DMPNE 24%
Demokratska unija za integracija - DUI 5%
Dvizhenje Besa 4%
Koalicija "Alijansa za Albancite (DR-ADP, Uniteti, NDP) 2%
Demokratska partija na Albancite 2%
Partija za demokratski prosperitet 2%
Koalicija VMRO za MAKEDONIJA 1%
Levica 1%
Koalicija za PROMENA i PRAVDA - TRET BLOK 1%
Liberalna partija <1%
Don't know/Refused to answer 33%
17 If parliamentary elections were held this Sunday, how likely would you be to vote?
55% 52% I would vote for sure 45% 52% 16% 21% I would probably vote 28% 19% 6% 7% I probably wouldn't vote 6% 5% 18% 15% I wouldn't vote for sure 15% 15% 5% 5% Don't know/Refused to Answer 7% 9%
XK RS BA MK 18 If the following parties/coalitions ran candidates in these elections, for which party would you vote? (Decided voters from Kosovo; excluding those who say they don’t know or they will not vote: n=463)
PDK Koalicija 1 39%
LDK Koalicija 2 26%
Samoopredelenje (Lëvizja Vetëvendosje!) 22%
Gradjanska Inicijativa Srpska Lista 7%
Jedinstvena Goranska Partija - JGP 2%
FJALA 1%
Koalicija VAKAT 1%
Other 4%
1Partia Demokratike e Kosovës‐PDK & Aleanca Për Ardhmërinë E Kosovës‐AAK & Nisma Për Kosovën‐NISMA & Partia E Drejtësisë‐PD & Lëvizja Për Bashkim‐LB & Partia Shqiptare Demokristiane e Kosovës‐PSHDK & Partia Konservatore e Kosovës‐PK & Alternativa Demokratike e Kosovës‐ADK & Republikanët E Kosovës‐REK & Partia E Ballit‐PB & Partia Socialdemokrate PSD & Balli Kombëtar I Kosovës‐BKK 2Lidhja Demokratike e Kosovës ‐ LDK Aleanca Kosova e Re ‐ AKR 19 If the following parties/coalitions ran candidates in these elections, for which party would you vote? (Decided voters from Serbia; excluding those who say they don’t know or they will not vote: n=581)
Srpska napredna stranka - Aleksandar Vucic 57%
Savez za Srbiju - Dragan Djilas 13%
SPS - Socijalisticka partija Srbije 11%
Srpska radikalna stranka 6%
Aleksandar Sapic - Srpski patrotiski savez 4%
Pokret 381 - Sasa Jankovic 3%
Dosta je bilo 2%
Savez vojvodjanskih Madjara 2%
SDS - Socijaldemokratska stranka - Boris Tadic 1%
LDP 1%
SDA Sandzaka - dr Sulejman Uljanin <1%
Other 1%
20 If the following parties/coalitions ran candidates in these elections, for which party would you vote? (Decided voters from BiH; excluding those who say they don’t know or they will not vote: n=787)
SDA - Stranka Demokratske Akcije 19% Savez Nezavisnih Socijaldemokrata SNSD - Milorad Dodik 18% SDP - Socijaldemokratska Partija BIH 15% Demokratska Fronta - Zeljko Komsic 12% HDZ BIH - Hrvatska Demokratska Zajednica Bosne I Hercegovine 12% SDS - Srpska Demokratska Stranka 5% PDP -Partija Demokratskog Progresa 4% Nasa Stranka 3% DNS - Demokatski Narodni SaveZ 2% Nezavisni Blok 2% Stranka Demokratske Aktivnosti A-SDA 1% Socijalisticka Partija 1% Stranka za Bosnu I Hercegovinu 1% Stranka Penzionera/Umirovljenika 1% NDP - Narodni Demokratski Pokret 1%
21 If the following parties/coalitions ran candidates in these elections, for which party would you vote? (Decided voters from North Macedonia; excluding those who say they don’t know or they will not vote: n=521)
SDSM 36%
VMRO DPMNE 35%
DUI 13%
Alijansa za albancite 6%
DPA 3%
BESA na KASAMI 3%
Besa na Gashi 2%
Socijalistica partija 1%
Glas za Makedonija 1%
VMRO Narodna 1%
LDP <1%
Edinstvena Makedonija <1%
Other 1%
22 Media Preferences
Kosovo Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina North Macedonia From which source do you get most of your daily social and political news?
4% 4% 10% Public television and radio broadcasters 2% 3% 7% 22% 44% Online news sources, such as 12% 51% online newspaper websites and blogs
24% 17% Commercial television and radio broadcasters
1%2% Offline sources, such as interactions with family, friends 6% 8% or colleagues 5% 5% 6% Major newspapers 24% 12% 49%
No Response/Refused to answer 22% 60%
24 How often do you use social media as a source of daily news? 60% 55%
51% 50%
Every day/most days
40% 40% Occasionally - once or twice per week 33% 32% 30% Rarely - once or twice 30% per month 27% Never 21% 21% 20% 19% 17% No Response/Refused to answer
11% 9% 9% 9% 10% 8% 6%
2% 1% 1% 0% XK RS BA MK
25 Thinking about major media broadcasters, the major newspapers, and similar media outlets, which of these statements is closest to your opinion?
45% The major media is 40% 40% 40% professional and unbiased, 40% providing the necessary basic information I need to know. 36% 36% 35% 32% The major media tries to be 30% 28% professional and unbiased, 27% but their worldview prevents 25% 24% them from reporting the full picture of the stories. 21% 20% 20% 17% The major media is not concerned with factual and 15% 14% correct reporting of a story, but instead is focused on 11% 10% propagating positions that 10% serves some particular 8% interest. No response/Refused to 5% answer
0% XK RS BA MK
26 Which specific media outlet do you trust the most for your news? (Up to three answers)
KLAN KOSOVA 47% FTV 23% KTV 42% BHT 14% RTV21 30% BN TV 14% RTK1 30% RTRS 13% koha.net 9% Local TV stations 9% Other (combined) 67% Other (combined) 71% No Response/Refused to answer 6% No Response/Refused to answer 18%
RTS 1 36% TV Sitel 38% Prva TV 16% TV Kanal 5 33% Tv Pink 15% TV Al sat 25% N1 13% TV Telma 22% Blic.rs 7% TV 24 Vesti 18% Other (combined) 84% Other (combined) 78% No Response/Refused to answer 15% No Response/Refused to answer 4% 27 How frequently do you use other media outlets, that often have a different point of view than the major media outlets? 80% (Local list provided)
70% 67%
Every day/Most days 60%
Occasionally - once or 50% 48% twice per week
Rarely - once or twice 40% per month 37%
33% 31% Never 30% 28%
No Response/Refused to 20% answer 20% 17% 17% 16% 16% 14% 12% 10% 11% 9% 10% 8% 4% 3% 2% 0% XK RS BA MK
28 Why do you think it is worthwhile to use outlets that often have a different point of view than the major media? 60% (Respondents who use other media outlets every day, occasionally, or rarely)
To get all points of view on 50% 48% a story, so I can make up my mind for myself.
43%
40% 37% Stories in these outlets are often more fun or exciting than those in the major media. 30% 28% 28%
25% 23% 22% 22% Major media outlets often 21% do not report some stories 20% 19% at all, so I have to read 16% alternate sources to get 15% the full picture of what is 13% going on.
10% 8% 8% 9% Major media outlets are 6% biased and refuse to 5% 4% acknowledge simple truths. Alternative sources are willing to tell the truth. 0% XK RS BA MK
Base: n=419 Base: n=261 Base: n=593 Base: n=519
29 When a major new story breaks, how do you generally get information about it? Whom do you trust most to help you 60% 56% understand what is going on?
50% I talk to my friends and 50% colleagues, and read articles they forward me. 45% 44%
40% I watch mainstream television, read national 33% newspapers, or international major media. 30% 29% 26%
I seek out expertise on the 20% 20% issue from outlets that 20% 18% have a different point of view than the major media, including social media and 12% 13% various websites. 10% 9% 10% 8% No response/Refused to 7% answer
0% XK RS BA MK
30 Values, Outlook, and Messages
Kosovo Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina North Macedonia Which statement is closest to your opinion?
13% 11% 25%
28% 53% 10% 53% 6%
10% 13% 10% 32% 16%
51% 8% 62%
[Country] belongs to the West [Country] belongs to the East
[Country] doesn't belong either in the West or the East No response/Refused to answer 32 On a scale from 1 to 5, does [country] have more in common with Western Europe or with Russia, in the following areas (1 would mean [country] is totally like Western Europe, while 5 would mean totally like Russia).
0 0 West (1+2) Russia (4+5)
Culture and Intellectual life 61% 10% 46% 19%
Morality and values 58% 11% 46% 17%
Culture and Intellectual life 20% 43% 40% 26%
Morality and values 17% 43% 37% 27%
33 On a scale from 1 to 5, does [country] have more in common with Western Europe or with Russia, in the following areas (1 would mean [country] is totally like Western Europe, while 5 would mean totally like Russia). 0 0 West (1+2) Russia (4+5)
Employment and standard of living 48% 14% 45% 13%
Healthcare, pension, and other social benefits 49% 13% 44% 14%
Employment and standard of living 13% 32% 40% 19%
Healthcare, pension, and other social benefits 13% 30% 37% 18%
34 For each of these aspects, would you like [country] to have more in common with Western Europe, or Russia? West Russia
Culture and Intellectual life 86% 8% 60% 25%
Morality and values
84% 9% 58% 26%
33% 51% 63% 29% Culture and Intellectual life
Morality and values 25% 58% 56% 31%
35 For each of these aspects, would you like [country] to have more in common with Western Europe, or Russia? West Russia
Employment and standard 84% 9% 72% 16% of living
Healthcare, pension, and other social benefits 84% 9% 71% 17%
Employment and standard 52% 31% 74% 18% of living
Healthcare, pension, and other social benefits 50% 30% 72% 18%
36 In your opinion, how important is the Christian faith and culture to the history and development of Europe?
Very important Somewhat important Somewhat unimportant Very unimportant No response/Refused to answer
31% 27% 13% 13% 16%
49% 27% 10% 6% 8%
21% 36% 15% 18% 11%
39% 32% 11% 9% 10%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
37 Which of the following statements comes closest to your opinion about the role of Christian faith and culture in Europe today?
24% 20% 24% 22%
31% 22% 25% 33%
14% 18% 27% 32% 19%
29% 26% 35%
Christianity is the at the center of what it means to be European and is the source of our values. Christianity still shapes some of Europe’s institutions and values, but active faith plays little role in modern Europe. Modern Europe is secular and takes its values from non-Christian and non-religious sources. No response/Refused to answer 38 Which of the following statements comes closest to your view on developments in Europe concerning abortion, sexual rights, and religious liberty?
22% The EU is pushing us to abandon our traditional 46% values 25% 31%
47% The EU is helping us to expand our rights in a 22% liberating new direction 30% 34%
16% The EU has little to do with shaping policies on 18% these issues 29% 25%
15% 15% No response/Refused to answer 15% 10%
XK RS BA MK 39 Vladimir Putin’s Russia has tried to portray itself as a defender of Christendom and traditional European values, in areas from protection of family traditions to defense against Islamic and other non-European cultures. What is your opinion of this view of Russia? (Note: Albanians, Bosniaks, and Muslims were not asked this question)
16% 16%
21% 53% 16% 50%
10% 18% Respondents: n=113 Respondents: n=432
19% 19%
42% 8% 54% 15%
19% 24% Respondents: n=760
It is true - Russia has taken the side of traditional European values. It is not really true – Russia is pretending to stand up for traditional European values. It is not true at all – It demonstrates Russia’s rejection of modern Western values of tolerance and inclusiveness. No response/Refused to answer 40 Which of the following statements comes closest to your view of Russia and Putin as you consider these changes in European culture and practice? (Respondents who answered that it is true that Russia is defending European values)
11% 28% 11%
9% 5% 57% 11% 69%
Respondents: n=59 Respondents: n=230
12% 20% 29% 19% 57%
13% 36% 15%
Respondents: n=555 Respondents: n=317
Russia and Putin can be allies against an EU that is pushing us to abandon our values. I wish Russia could be an ally, but I don't trust Putin. Some cooperation would be possible, but I would be very careful. Regardless of my disagreement with some EU policies, I don't think Russia should have any influence over how EU policies are made. No response/Refused to answer 41 How important is the Islamic faith and culture to the history and development of Europe?
Very important Somewhat important Somewhat unimportant Very unimportant No response/Refused to answer
28% 30% 13% 16% 13%
19% 31% 17% 18% 16%
14% 35% 20% 21% 10%
18% 34% 17% 21% 10%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
42 Does the growth in the Muslim population in areas that were not traditionally populated by Muslims pose any challenge to the stability or prosperity of Europe or not? (Note: Albanians, Bosniaks, and Muslims were not asked this question)
13% 20% 21% 35%
21% 35% 32% 25% Respondents: n=113 Respondents: n=461
17% 13%
40% 14% 22% 53%
16% 25% Respondents: n=760
Yes, a big challenge Yes, but only a small challenge No, no challenge No response/Refused to answer
43 Foreign Relations and Foreign Influence
Kosovo Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina North Macedonia [Country’s] interests are best served by maintaining strong relations with: 0%XK RS BA MK 0% Disagree Agree
7% 91% European Union 28% 66% 32% 64% 20% 78%
8% 90% United States 49% 45% 51% 43% 30% 67%
8% 90% NATO 70% 23% 51% 43% 24% 72%
53% 39% Arab countries 39% 52% 62% 32% 38% 33%
81% 15% Russia 11% 85% 50% 44% 40% 55%
69% 25% China 10% 84% 48% 46% 35% 55% 45 Why do you think our country’s interests are best served by maintaining strong relations with Russia? (Respondents who answered “Russia” on the previous question)
38% 36% Russians are our Orthodox brothers 28% 37% 17% Russia is the only country capable of standing up to 17% the West 20% 16% 13% 10% Russia is our protector throughout history 9% 6% 9% 9% Russia is our biggest export market 5% 16% 6% 5% Russia is our main energy provider 5% 5% 2% Russia is our true ally and guarantor of national 7% borders and sovereignty 10% 11% 8% 4% Russia is the biggest investor in [country] 3% 1% 2% Russia is close and dangerous - we must keep on good 4% terms to protect ourselves 11% 6% 5% 8% Don't know/Refused to answer 10% 4%
XK RS BA MK 46 Which country is the biggest source of foreign aid in [country]? 60%
Germany 51% 50% USA
Russia
40% EU
35% China
Turkey 30% 27% 26% 26% Other 25% 25% No response/Refused to answer 20% 19% 17% 17% 17% 16% 15% 14% 13% 11% 11% 11% 10% 6% 3% 4% 3% 2% 3% 1% 1% 1% 2% 1% <1% <1% 1% 0% XK RS BA MK
47 Which country is the biggest source of foreign investment in [country]? 40%
37% 36% 36% Germany 35% 34% 33% USA
30% Russia
EU
25% 24% China
Turkey 20% 20% Other 17% 17% 15% 15% No response/Refused to 15% 15% 15% answer 12% 11% 11% 10% 10% 10% 10%
6% 5% 4% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% <1% <1% 0% XK RS BA MK
48 Which of the following statements comes closest to your view on foreign investment in [country]?
49% Foreign investment is primarily about economics 32% – delivering economic benefits to both sides 27% 36%
24% Foreign investment is primarily about politics 24% and influence, and exerts control over [country] 30% 26%
19% Foreign investment brings some economics 36% benefits, but also carries certain expectations and conditions 28% 32%
8% 8% No response/Refused to answer 15% 6%
XK RS BA MK 49 Which of the following statements is closest to your opinion about the source of foreign investment?
29% I would rather have foreign investment from 14% Germany and the EU countries than from Russia, 19% China, or Turkey 28% 4% I would rather have foreign investment from 11% Russia than from the EU, China, or Turkey 15% 8% 3% I would rather have foreign investment from 4% China than from the EU, Russia, or Turkey 2% 4% 3% I would rather have foreign investment from 2% Turkey than from the EU, Russia, or China 6% 5% 54% I don't care where the foreign investment comes 57% from - the most important thing is to create new 45% jobs and to improve 49% 7% 12% Don't know/Refused to answer 13% 5%
XK RS BA MK 50 In your opinion, what is the greatest benefit [country] would receive through membership in the European Union?
38% Access to the common market and border- 33% free travel 26% 34% 29% 31% Financial aid coming from the EU 37% 29% 11% 11% Security and stability 9% 16% 11% Support for democratic governance and 6% rule of law 8% 7% 7% 3% Support of European cultures and values 6% 5% 1% 11% None 7% 6% 4% 5% No response/Refused to answer 7% 2%
XK RS BA MK 51 In your opinion, what is the greatest cost [country] would endure through its membership in the European Union?
42% Rising prices and increased economic 18% competition from other member states 38% 32% 15% Undermining of traditional values and ways of 18% life 17% 12% 9% Being treated like "junior partners" in the 15% European Project 9% 12% 7% 31% Loss of independence and sovereignty 18% 26% 13% 7% None 9% 11% 14% 11% No response/Refused to answer 9% 7%
XK RS BA MK 52 When you hear politicians, journalists, or academics talk about “European values,” what do you think they are referring to? Can you name a European value? (Top five spontaneous answers)
Economic stability and Economic stability and development/Employment 6% development/Employment 4% Human rights and Stability, security freedom/Tolerance 6% 4% Culture, tradition 3% High living standard 4%
High living standard 2% Human rights and freedom 3% The rule of law/Order and Listen to people/citizens 2% discipline 2% Other 14% Other 13%
Nothing/None 1% Nothing/None 1%
Don't know/Refused to answer 67% No response/Refused to answer 71%
Economic stability and High living standard 10% development/Employment 7% The rule of law/Order and High living standard discipline 9% 7% Culture, tradition 5% Culture, tradition 6% The rule of law/Order and Human rights and freedom 5% discipline 6% Economic stability and Valorization of labor/High development/Employment 3% incomes 3% Other 16% Other 28%
Nothing/None 3% Nothing/None 2%
No response/Refused to answer 50% No response/Refused to answer 44% 53 What about your personal values? Can you name one value that you personally hold higher than others? (Spontaneous answers)
Morality 8% Family 6% Justice/Fairness/Equality 3% Tolerance/Respect 3% Culture 3% Good/committed workers 2% Education 2% Tradition 2% Sincerity/Truth 2% Language 1% Nation/Nationality 1% Young populations 1% A good man 1% Humaneness/Care for others/Solidarity/Empathy 1% Health 1% Wise/Calm 1% Patriotism 1% Persistence/Patience <1% Temperament/Nature <1% Honesty <1% Faith in God <1% Other 4% Nothing/None <1% No response/Refused to answer 58%
54 What about your personal values? Can you name one value that you personally hold higher than others? (Spontaneous answers)
Honesty 13% Family 8% Normal and decent life 5% Diligence 5% Justice/Fairness/Equality 4% Sincerity/Truth 4% Freedom 3% Morality 3% Humaneness/Care for others/Solidarity/Empathy 2% Patriotism 2% Faith in God 2% Responsibility/Discipline 2% Health 2% Tolerance/Respect 2% Tradition 1% Dignity/Pride 1% Education 1% A good man 1% Culture 1% Persistence/Patience 1% Optimism/Positivity 1% Communicativeness/Friendliness 1% Other 4% Nothing/None <1% No response/Refused to answer 35%
55 What about your personal values? Can you name one value that you personally hold higher than others? (Spontaneous answers)
Family 6% Honesty 5% Diligence 4% Sincerity/Truth 3% Better standard 2% Health 2% Responsibility/Discipline 1% Tolerance/Respect 1% Education 1% Persistence/Patience 1% A good man 1% Normal and decent life 1% Freedom 1% Morality 1% Manageability/Ability 1% Faith in God 1% Other 5% Nothing 1% Don't know/Refused to answer 62%
56 What about your personal values? Can you name one value that you personally hold higher than others? (Spontaneous answers)
Family 10% Success/Employee 8% Diligence 6% Honesty 4% Justice/Fairness/Equality 3% Health 3% Normal and decent life 2% Culture 2% Patriotism 2% Tolerance/Respect 2% Morality 2% Faith in God 2% Responsibility/Discipline 2% A good man 2% Humaneness/Care for others/Solidarity/Empathy 2% Sincerity/Truth 1% Trust/Self-confidence 1% Education 1% Freedom 1% Tradition 1% Principles 1% Other 7% Nothing/None <1% No response/Refused to answer 37% 57 How does the security situation today compare to the situation five years ago? Is it: More secure About the same Less secure No response/Refused to answer
XK 48% 39% 12% 1%
RS 25% 45% 28% 3%
BA 15% 62% 19% 4%
In your In Country MK 21% 43% 33% 3%
XK 45% 39% 8% 8%
RS 15% 45% 33% 7%
BA 13% 62% 20% 5% In the the In
W. Balkans W. MK 23% 41% 26% 10%
XK 59% 30% 5% 5%
RS 15% 39% 38% 7% In In
BA 16% 59% 20% 5% Europe
MK 29% 37% 27% 6% 58 How do you expect the security situation to be five years from now? Will it be: More secure About the same Less secure No response/Refused to answer
XK 65% 26% 7% 3%
RS 28% 41% 22% 10% In your In Country BA 16% 61% 19% 5%
MK 36% 36% 21% 8%
XK 66% 24% 4% 6%
RS 23% 42% 23% 12%
BA 16% 60% 19% 5% In the the In
W. Balkans W. MK 34% 36% 18% 12%
XK 67% 24% 4% 5%
RS 25% 39% 26% 11% In In
BA 16% 56% 22% 5% Europe
MK 37% 34% 18% 11% 59 In your opinion, what is the biggest security threat facing [country] today?
13% 27% Regional tensions/Ethnic and religious conflict 14% 19% 41% 25% Organized crime/drugs/trafficking 29% 33% 8% 20% Open military conflict between countries/War 13% 14% 4% 9% Terrorism 12% 6% 13% 6% Collapse of national/poltical/financial system 13% 14% 10% Non-military foreign interference (cyber- 4% attacks, political/economic pressure) 6% 4% 2% 2% Natural disasters 4% 3% 1% 1% Climate change 1% 2% 1% <1% Other 1% <1% 2% 2% None 4% 1% 6% 3% No response/Refused to answer 5% 3% XK RS BA MK 60 Foreign Relations and Foreign Influence
Kosovo Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina North Macedonia What is your personal view of NATO?
Very positive Somewhat positive Somewhat negative Very negative Don't know/Refused to answer
1% 77% 15% 3% 4%
1% 8% 19% 61% 10%
17% 33% 16% 23% 11%
28% 45% 14% 8% 6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
62 In your opinion, [country’s] future is best served by having what kind of relationship with NATO?
4%4% 4% 10% 6% 38% 23%
81% 14% 15%
6% 8% 6% 7% 18% 7%
59% 43% 21% 25%
Full membership Closer cooperation but not membership More communication but no cooperation No relationship at all No response/Refused to answer 63 If a referendum were held this coming Sunday on [country’s] membership in the EU, how would you vote?
5% 7% 6% 4% 7% 15%
72% 85%
7% 10% 17% 12%
50% 7% 69% 27%
I would vote for membership I would vote against membership
I wouldn't vote at all No response/Refused to answer 64 Which of the following statements comes closest to your reason for not voting in favor of EU membership? (Respondents who would vote against or wouldn’t vote at all)
I don't believe in the values 17% 14% of the EU. 28% 30%
22% 32% I am fed up with the pressure we receive in order to enter the EU. 33% 23%
Respondents: n=105 Respondents: n=227
After watching the Greek crisis, the Euro crisis, and the migrant crisis in the EU, 8% 8% I don’t think that EU 25% membership would do us any good. 22% 37% 24% No response/Refused to answer
33% Respondents: n=405 43% Respondents: n=248 65 Which statement is closest to your opinion about European 60% Union membership?
55%
50% EU membership will bring real and substantial 45% benefits to my life and that of my family.
40% 40%
EU membership will bring a few benefits to my life and 32% my family’s life, but they 30% won’t be very significant or 29% 30% 28% 28% noticeable.
24% 23% 23% I do not expect to notice 20% any benefits from EU membership.
13% 11%
10% 8% 7% No response/Refused to 4% answer
0% XK RS BA MK
66 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? “Ukraine is a part of Russia’s sphere of influence, thus Russia has a right to have a role in decisions made in Ukraine.”
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree No Response/Refused to answer
24% 12% 8% 27% 29%
13% 22% 12% 17% 36%
11% 27% 20% 21% 22%
12% 26% 15% 19% 28%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
67 Demographics
Kosovo Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina North Macedonia Demographics
70% 65%
60% 54% 49% 51% 50%
40% 33% 31% 34% 32% 30% 26% 22% 24% 22% 20% 17% 13% 11% 9% 10% 5% 2% 2%
0%
61+
Male
18-29 30-44 45-60
Female
Secondary
No income No
Over 900 eur 900 Over
Up to 180 eur 180 to Up
181 to 400 eur 400 to 181 eur 600 to 401 eur 900 to 601
Elementary or less or Elementary
married)
College or university or College
Married, living with a partner a with living Married,
Divorced and other (used to be to (used other and Divorced
No response/Refused to answer to response/Refused No Single, not living with a partner a with living not Single, GENDER AGE EDUCATION MARITAL TOTAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME STATUS 69 Demographics
70%
61% 60%
50%
39% 40% 37%
30%
20% 18% 18% 14% 13%
10%
0% Urban Rural Pristina Northwest Southwest North Southeast URBANITY REGION 70 Demographics
70% 64% 61% 60% 52% 49% 50% 40% 35% 31% 30% 25% 26% 25% 24% 19% 20% 20% 16% 15% 15% 17% 10% 5% 2% 2%
0%
61+
Male
18-29 30-44 45-60
Female
Secondary
No income No
Elementary or less or Elementary
Up to 30000 dinars to 30000 Up
Over 150000 dinars 150000 Over
College or university or College
30001 to 64000 dinars 64000 to 30001
64001 to 100000 dinars 100000 to 64001
100001 to 150000 dinars 150000 to 100001
Married, living with a a partner with living Married,
Divorced and other (used tobe… (used other and Divorced
No response/Refused to answer to response/Refused No Single, not living with partner a with living not Single, GENDER AGE EDUCATION MARITAL TOTAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME STATUS 71 Demographics
70%
60% 58%
50%
42% 40%
28% 30% 27% 22% 23% 20%
10%
0% Urban Rural Belgrade North West Southeast URBANITY REGION 72 Demographics
80%
70% 67% 62% 60% 49% 51% 50% 40% 40% 30% 30% 27% 24% 22% 22% 22% 18% 20% 16% 16% 11% 12% 10% 3% 5% 3%
0%
61+
Male
18-29 30-44 45-60
Female
Secondary
No income No
Up to 500 KM 500 to Up
Over 2000 KM 2000 Over
501 to 1000 KM 1000 to 501
1001 to 1500 KM 1500 to 1001 KM 2000 to 1501
Elementary or less or Elementary
married)
College or university or College
Married, living with a partner a with living Married,
Divorced and other (used to be to (used other and Divorced
No response/Refused to answer to response/Refused No Single, not living with a partner a with living not Single, GENDER AGE EDUCATION MARITAL TOTAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME STATUS 73 Demographics
70%
62% 60% 57%
50%
43%
40% 36%
30%
20%
10%
2% 0% Urban Rural Federation BiH Republic of Brcko District Srpska URBANITY REGION 74 Demographics
70% 67% 60% 50% 50% 49% 50% 40% 36% 28% 29% 30% 26% 26% 23% 23% 20% 22% 20% 15% 14% 10% 7% 8% 6% 1%
0%
61+
Male
18-29 30-44 45-60
Female
Secondary
No income No
Elementary or less or Elementary
Over 61600 denars 61600 Over
Up to 12300 denars 12300 to Up
married)
College or university or College
12300 to 24600 denars 24600 to 12300 denars 40000 to 24600 denars 61600 to 40000
Married, living with a partner a with living Married,
Divorced and other (used to be to (used other and Divorced
No response/Refused to answer to response/Refused No Single, not living with a partner a with living not Single, GENDER AGE EDUCATION MARITAL TOTAL HOUSEHOLD INCOME STATUS 75 Demographics
70%
60% 60%
50%
40% 40%
30% 29% 26% 24% 21% 20%
10%
0% Urban Rural Skopje Northwest Southwest East URBANITY REGION 76 Demographics
30% 24% 25% 19% 20%
15% 13% 11% 10% 8% 7% 7% 5% 3% 1% 1% 2% 2% 1% <1% 1% 1% <1%
0%
Pupil
Student
Housewife
Pensioner
Maternity leave
Farmer, fisherman
Top executive manager executive Top
Unemployed (currently)
Earns in some otherway
Unskilled manual worker manual Unskilled
Middleexecutive manager
doctor,teacher, etc.)
Owns big a company, stockholder
White-collar(administration, etc.)
Highlyqualified intellectual(lawyer,
Semiskilledand skilled manual worker
Owns small a company, workshop,etc.
Highlyqualified intellectualisself-who employed(lawyer, doctor,teacher, etc.) EMPLOYED SELF-EMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED 77 Demographics
30% 27% 25% 20% 20%
15% 12% 10% 9% 6% 5% 4% 5% 5% 3% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% <1%
0%
Pupil
Student
Housewife
Pensioner
Maternity leave
Farmer, fisherman
Top executive manager executive Top
Unemployed (currently)
Earns in some otherway
Unskilled manualUnskilled worker
Middleexecutive manager
doctor,teacher, etc.)
White-collar (administration, etc.) (administration, White-collar
Highlyqualified intellectual(lawyer,
Semiskilledand skilled manual worker
Owns small a company, workshop,etc.
Highlyqualified intellectualisself-who employed(lawyer, doctor,teacher, etc.) EMPLOYED SELF-EMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED 78 Demographics
30% 24% 25% 20% 20%
15% 14% 14%
10% 8% 6% 5% 4% 4% 3% 1% 1% 0%
0%
Retired
Housewife
Unemployed
Pupil, Student Pupil,
etc.)
Farmer, fisherman Farmer,
Middle management Middle
workers
Skilled manual workers manual Skilled
directors etc..) directors
teacher, etc.) teacher,
Experts and intellectuals and Experts
Higher management (managers, management Higher
(professors, engineers, doctors, engineers, (professors,
self-employed(lawyer, doctor,
Unskilled and semiskilled manual semiskilled and Unskilled
White-collar (administration, etc.) (administration, White-collar Highly qualified intellectual who is who intellectual qualified Highly EMPLOYED SELF-EMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED 79 Demographics
25% 22% 20% 19% 19%
15% 11% 10% 6% 5% 5% 4% 3% 4% 2% 2% 2% 0% 1% 1%
0%
Pupil
Student
Housewife
Pensioner
Farmer, fisherman Farmer,
etc.)
Top executive manager executive Top
Unemployed (currently) Unemployed
Earns in some other way other some in Earns
Unskilled manual worker manual Unskilled
Middle executive manager executive Middle
doctor, teacher, etc.) teacher, doctor,
White-collar (administration, etc.) (administration, White-collar
Highly qualified intellectual (lawyer, intellectual qualified Highly
employed (lawyer, doctor, teacher, doctor, (lawyer, employed
Semiskilled and skilled manual worker manual skilled and Semiskilled
Owns a small company, workshop, etc. workshop, company, small a Owns Highly qualified intellectual who is self- is who intellectual qualified Highly EMPLOYED SELF-EMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED 80 Demographics
100% 88% 90% 80% 70% 60% 52% 50% 40% 32% 26% 30% 23% 20% 20% 14% 14% 8% 8% 8% 10% 4% 1% 3%
0%
Never
Islamic
Catholic
Orthodox
Every week
Veryreligious
Veryirreligious
month
Somewhatreligious
Somewhatirreligious
Occassionally/once twice or a
No Response/RefusedNo to answer NoResponse/Refused to answer NoResponse/Refused to answer Rarely / on Majorreligious holidays What is your religious To what extent do you consider How often do you go to or attend affiliation? yourself religious or not? other religious services? 81 Demographics
100% 88% 90% 80% 70% 60% 57% 49% 50% 40% 30% 25% 21% 18% 20% 10% 10% 10% 2% 4% 3% 4% 2% 4% 5%
0%
Other
Never
Islamic
Catholic
Orthodox
Every week Every
Very religious Very
Very irreligious Very
Somewhat religious Somewhat
Somewhat irreligious Somewhat
No Response/Refused to answer to Response/Refused No No Response/Refused to answer to Response/Refused No answer to Response/Refused No
Rarely / on Major religious holidays religious Major on / Rarely Occassionally/once or twice a month twice or Occassionally/once What is your religious To what extent do you consider How often do you go to or affiliation? yourself religious or not? attend other religious services? 82 Demographics
70% 58% 60% 54% 50% 39% 40% 31% 28% 30% 16% 20% 13% 14% 14% 15% 9% 10% 1% 2% 4%
0%
Never
Islamic
Catholic
Orthodox
Every week
Veryreligious
Veryirreligious
month
Somewhatreligious
Somewhatirreligious
Occassionally/once twice or a
NoResponse/Refused to answer NoResponse/Refused to answer NoResponse/Refused to answer Rarely / on Majorreligious holidays What is your religious To what extent do you consider How often do you go to or attend affiliation? yourself religious or not? other religious services? 83 Demographics
70% 63% 60% 54% 50% 42% 40% 36% 38% 29% 30% 22% 20% 7% 10% 4% 3% 1% <1% 1% 1%
0%
Other
Never
Islamic
Catholic
Orthodox
Every week
Veryreligious
Veryirreligious
month
Somewhatreligious
Somewhatirreligious
Occassionally/once twice or a
NoResponse/Refused to answer NoResponse/Refused to answer Rarely / on Majorreligious holidays What is your religious To what extent do you consider How often do you go to or attend affiliation? yourself religious or not? other religious services? 84 Center for Insights in Survey Research 202.408.9450 | [email protected] www.IRI.org | @IRI_Polls