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Tingordningen Under Kristningsprosessen Kristian Nesvåg

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Tingordningen Under Kristningsprosessen Kristian Nesvåg Tingordningen under kristningsprosessen Kristian Nesvåg Masteroppgave i historiedidaktikk Universitetet i Stavanger Våren 2011 DET HUMANISTISKE FAKULTET MASTEROPPGAVE Studieprogram: Master i historiedidaktikk vårsemesteret, 2011 Åpen Forfatter: Kristian Nesvåg ………………………………………… (signatur forfatter) Veileder: Torgrim Titlestad Tittel på masteroppgaven: Tingordningen under kristningsprosessen Engelsk tittel: The thing assambly, and the Christianization of Norway Emneord: Sidetall: 98 Olav Tryggvason + vedlegg/annet:0 Olav Haraldsson Håkon den gode Ting Stavanger 19.5.2011 kristning dato/år Forord Året jeg har jobbet med oppgaven har gått fort, og det har vært et privilegium å få muligheten til å fordype meg i et interessant tema. Men oppgaven har krevd mye, og det er mange fortjener takk, men alle kan ikke nevnes. Jeg spesielt takke familien: mor, far og søsken, for støtten de har vist En takk går også til min historieinteresserte mormor. En spesiell takk fortjener Åsmund Holmen og Nils Jørgen Fossdal for all støtte og gode råd og tips. Jeg vil også takke min veileder Torgrim Titlestad som kom med engasjert hjelp og gode råd gjennom hele året. Feil og mangler ved oppgaven er derimot mitt fulle og hele ansvar. Stavanger 19.5.2011 Innholdsfortegnelse 1. Innledning ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1.1 Problemstilling og hypotese ....................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Forskning ................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2.1 Historiesyn .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.2. Tinget i historiografisk sammenheng ................................................................................. 8 1.3 Kilder ....................................................................................................................................... 12 1.3.1. Sagakritikk ....................................................................................................................... 12 1.3.2 Presentasjon av kildene ..................................................................................................... 13 1.4 Oppbygning .............................................................................................................................. 14 2. Hva forteller sagakildene? ............................................................................................................. 16 2.1 Håkon den gode ....................................................................................................................... 17 2.1.1 Kongemakten .................................................................................................................... 17 2.1.2 Håkon og lagdømmene ..................................................................................................... 18 2.1.3 Håkons kristningsprosjekt ................................................................................................. 19 2.1.4 Håkon på Frostatinget ....................................................................................................... 20 2.1.5 Gjestebud på Lade ............................................................................................................. 21 2.1.6 Blotet på Mære .................................................................................................................. 22 2.1.7 Leidangen .......................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.8 Drøfting av Håkons forhold til tingsystemet ..................................................................... 25 2.2 Olav Tryggvason ...................................................................................................................... 28 2.2.1 Kongehyllingsting i Trøndelag.......................................................................................... 28 2.2.2 Sikring av kongemakt og kristning på Østlandet .............................................................. 28 2.2.3 Ting i Agder, Rogaland og Hordaland .............................................................................. 30 2.2.4 Tinget på Dragseid ............................................................................................................ 32 2.2.5 Kristningforsøk i Trøndelag .............................................................................................. 34 2.2.6 Oppgjør med seidmennene ................................................................................................ 34 2.2.7 Olav på Frostatinget .......................................................................................................... 35 2.2.8 Gjestebud på Lade ............................................................................................................. 36 2.2.9 Ting på Mære .................................................................................................................... 37 2.2.10 Kristningen av Hålogaland .............................................................................................. 38 2.2.11 Ødeleggelse av Frøyskult i Trøndelag ............................................................................. 40 2.2.12 Olavs leidangsbud før Svolder ........................................................................................ 41 2.2.13 Drøfting av Olav Tryggvasons forhold til tingsystemet .................................................. 42 2.3 Olav Haraldsson ....................................................................................................................... 44 2.3.1 Sikring av kongemakt på Vestlandet ................................................................................. 44 2.3.2 Sikring av kongemakt på Opplandene .............................................................................. 45 2.3.3 Forsøk på å vinne kongemakten i Trøndelag .................................................................... 47 2.3.4 Slaget ved Nesjar .............................................................................................................. 48 2.3.5 Olav blir konge fra vest i Viken til Agder og tas til konge i Trøndelag ............................ 49 2.3.6 Kristenretten og kristningen av Norge .............................................................................. 51 2.3.7 Kristning og maktkamp på Opplandene............................................................................ 53 2.3.8 Kristningen av Hålogaland og blotene i Trøndelag .......................................................... 55 2.3.9 Kristning i Lom, Lesja, Vågå og slaget mot Gudbrand .................................................... 56 2.3.10 Kristning av Opplandene for andre gang ........................................................................ 58 2.3.11 Konflikter med Erling Skjalgsson ................................................................................... 59 2.3.12 Kristning i Voss og Valdres ............................................................................................. 60 2.3.13 Landsstyring, leidang og skatt ........................................................................................ 60 2.3.14 Drøfting av Olav Haraldssons forhold til tingsystemet .................................................. 62 2.4 En sammenligning av de tre kristningskongene ...................................................................... 64 3 Ting og kult i møte med kristendommen ........................................................................................ 66 3.1 Tingsteder og helligsteder ........................................................................................................ 67 1 3.2 Tunanleggene ........................................................................................................................... 67 3.3 Horg, Hov og Sal ..................................................................................................................... 70 3.3.1 Horg .................................................................................................................................. 70 3.3.2 Hov .................................................................................................................................... 72 3.3.3 Sal...................................................................................................................................... 73 3.4 Islandske forhold ...................................................................................................................... 74 3.5 Blot og ting............................................................................................................................... 78 3.6 Helligsteder, kirkesteder og tingsteder ..................................................................................... 80 3.7 Kirke og lagting ....................................................................................................................... 83 3.8 Sammenheng og kontinuitet..................................................................................................... 84 4. Konklusjon ..................................................................................................................................... 87 Avsluttende betraktninger .............................................................................................................
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