MAREMMA

METALLIFEROUS HILLS

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF

INTRODUCTION

whole new idea about nature, art, colours and flavours in the Maremma awaits you when you visit the Metalliferous Hills. You are immediately struck by how A varied the area is, with a thousand constantly changing facets. The white beaches of the coast are crowned with luxuriant pinewoods and bathed by a transparent sea. It is one of the most beautiful and accessible settings of the entire Tyrrenian coast. With the wide Gulf of Follonica and most of the territory of , this warm sea has been sailed ever since ancient times when ships laden with cargoes of iron for the foundries arrived from the nearby Island of Elba. Again, going inland, iron is a link to the other characteristic of the territory, mineral resources. Already the name "Metalliferous Hills" brings to mind the iron, copper, zinc, pyrite and silver that have been mined and worked here throughout history. Here, unlike most of the Maremma, man's efforts have been concentrated on mining rather than agriculture. The signs are everywhere, from the remains of the mines and furnaces from the Etruscan-Roman period to the mineral dumps from the Middle Ages to the imposing ruins of the contemporary mines. This mining activity has left extremely important documentation about extraction and working techniques as well as the happenings in the local towns. The tradition has been so strongly felt that the Parco Minerario Naturalistico has been created in . When you visit it, you can fully understand both the human and environmental aspects involved in the exploitation of the mineral resources as well as mining's profound influence on the culture of the area. The park includes the small mine in Ravi-Marchi, where you can appreciate all of the essential components tied to the work (the trolleys for entrance to the shafts, the washing areas, the tubs for crushing and floatation and the systems for transport); the Parco delle Rocce which contains the "Teatro delle Rocce", an open-air structure at the foot of the old quarry "San Rocco", used for cultural events; and the Mining Museum which is located within an old tunnel and traces the history of Gavorrano's mines and miners. These hills, formed by man from heaps of mineral waste and then modelled by nature, never lose their fascination. They have been eroded and carved by wind and rain, creating a spectacular vision. The hues of the metals mix with the colours of the vegetation from which views of ,

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churches, fortresses and suddenly appear. The close bond to its geology is further demonstrated by the geothermic phenomenon, the "soffioni boracifieri" (boric-acid fumaroles) in and , typical of the area. These clouds rising from the ground gradually disappear in the green chestnut, oak and bitter oak woods and the Mediterranean scrub that blankets the hills. Natural beauty accompanies and serves as the setting for an area filled with important works of art and historical events from the Etruscan and Roman period to the Middle Ages of which is undoubtedly the most outstanding expression. But it isn't alone. There are also the old centres of and , with their important surrounding towns, as well as many other tiny villages perched on rocky hills with panoramic views, immersed in history and nature. An enormous artistic, architectural and archaeological heritage is waiting to be discovered in towns large and small, in the wooded hills of the Cornate di , in the countryside and on the coast. METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

FOLLONICA

n industrial centre and well-known seaside resort, modern Follonica's name is closely tied to Leopold II of Lorraine. It was here that the Grand-duke of Tuscany chose to locate the Monopolies of the Imperial Foundries, taking full advantage Aof its position at the gulf's centre as a perfect landing place for the mines on the nearby island of Elba and at Massa Marittima. In addition, the dense forests provided the necessary wood for the foundries' furnaces. The town that was to become today's Follonica grew around these Medicean foundries, its name deriving from fulloni, the bellows of the original blast furnaces. It is tied to the art of casting, not only by its name, but by the many monuments constructed largely in iron. The most important of these is a unique work of art, the church of San Leopoldo, known as the "Cast Iron Church" (Chiesa della Ghisa). The building, recognized as a national monument, was constructed between 1836 and 1838 from a project by the architect Carlo Reishmmer. This was the first example of the integrated use of stone and cast iron. A completely new concept brought these two materials together in the construction of the vestibule, choir, pulpit, a part of the bell tower and the furnishings. The spectacular neoclassic main entrance to the "factory village" is METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

also made in cast iron. It was this area around the grand-ducal foundries that became the embryo of the city. Follonica's master founders cast thousands of pieces, recreating classical motifs to build a structure of high technological skill. But the city is more than its foundries. Its location and the industrious imagination of its population have also produced a thriving tourist trade with qualified services that make it possible to enjoy the area's varied and rich natural surroundings.

EVENTS CARNIVAL The seven neighbourhoods of the city compete with one another during the carnival celebrations in Follonica with impressive allegorical floats made of papier-machè. They parade through the streets of the centre for three Sundays, accompanied by costumed crowds. Ever since 1949, this tradition has attracted visitors, drawn by the contagious gayety of a celebration that involves the entire town and ends with a prize for the most beautiful float. GAVORRANO

he Medieval town of Gavorrano, situated in the heart of the upper area of the Maremma, stands on the side of Mount Calvo, with a panoramic view from the hills to the sea. It has always been an important mining centre, especially Tbecause of the exceptional purity of the pyrite extracted there. Stone quarries and EVENTS the infrastructures for extracting and P THE COUNTESS' LEAP working the material are to be seen throughout the territory. Currently, a part of During the month of August, the story (a the unused mining structures has been blend of history and tradition) of the converted into a vast museum complex, the Sienese noble woman, Pia de Tolomei is Parco Minerario e Naturalistico (Mineral and re-enacted in the historic centre of the Nature Park) which provides an important town. Dante Alighieri himself tells the contribution to a historic-cultural and tragic story in "The Divine Comedy". The touristic revival of the area. The origins and re-enactment is presented in medieval history of the town are tied to the noble costumes, with parades, flag throwers, a Pannochieschi family and its story. The horse race and a theatrical tragic fate of Pia dè Tolomei, who was killed representation of the Countess' death, by her husband, Count Nello in the Castello murdered by her husband, Nello dei di Pietra, has been recounted by Dante Pannocchieschi, in the Castello della Alighieri in "The Divine Comedy" and the Pietra. The , located a few ruins of the castle itself can still be seen. The kilometres from Gavorrano, was once an village retains its Medieval architectural impressive medieval structure and design: the square towers and the elliptical imposing ruins still mark the spot. form of the walls of the can be

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recognized and many of the buildings, large palaces with towers, arches and doors within the walls are important examples from the Middle Ages. The church of San Giuliano was built at the end of the 18th century and contains an excellent marble sculpture of the Madonna with Child executed by Giovanni d'Agostino, the last of the great 14th century sculptors and master builder of the cathedrals in and Arezzo. The small towns of , Ravi and are also worth a visit. Their old fortresses, churches and historic castles punctuate itineraries through a territory that is fascinating from a historic-artistic, environmental point of view and provides a backdrop of unspoiled nature. A series of Etruscan tombs, one dome-shaped and two of the type, containing funeral appointments from the orientalizing period, have been found few kilometres from Giuncarico and complete this itinerary.

MINING NATURALISTIC PARK The park extends over a large portion of the territory and includes the mines both in Ravi (with the structures where the slag was washed from the minerals, the shafts and systems for the transport of the pyrite) and in Gavorrano. Here the preservation of the mining structures has resulted in the creation of a museum housed in the tunnels of the former powder magazine and construction of an amphitheatre built on face of the quarries. The vast museum complex provides an important contribution to the understanding of the history of mining within an attractive natural and cultural setting. METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

MASSA MARITTIMA

his noble city has been called a "Medieval Gem" for the beauty of its Romanesque and Gothic buildings and "Massa Metallorum" for the importance T of its mines. It is a jewel case where everything has retained the harmonious proportions of an old city of art, a summation of its important monuments, the Torre del Candeliere, the Fortezza dei Senesi, the Palazzo dell'Abbondanza and the Fonti dell'Abbondanza with a fresco from 1265. The narrow streets and historic centre abound in fountains, loggias and homes of notable personages dating from the middle ages. The streets of Massa Marittima display a veritable collection of extraordinary and unforgettable Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance architecture. Above all, there is the Piazza del Duomo, the heart and soul of the city. Here, religious and civil architecture coexist without rivalry, the Duomo and the Episcopate on one side and the Palaces of the Podestà and the Town Hall obliquely opposite, not face to face as in other medieval squares. This free city flourished thanks to its copper and METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

EVENTS THE GYRFALCON'S CROSSBOW The crossbow was an essential weapon in the city's defence and still today, after so many centuries, that tradition lives on. Every first Sunday following May 20th and the second Sunday of August, the traditional "Balestro del Girifalco" takes place. The competition is preceded by a grand parade in medieval costume (with participants from the three town districts) and an exhibition by the skilful local flag throwers. In July and August, Massa Marittima hosts other important events such as operas performed in the beautiful Piazza del Duomo and the now famous "Toscana fotofestival". This is comprised of a series of photographic exhibits with works by major photographers, meetings and debates on photographic themes, screenings and numerous workshops.

silver mines and displayed its prestige by coining its own money "the Grosso massetano" with the image of Saint Cerbone, the patron saint of the city to whom the Cathedral is dedicated. Important artists of the 14th century were commissioned to execute such works for the Cathedral as the famous tomb of Saint Cerbone by Goro di Gregorio, the polychrome wooden crucifix by Giovanni Pisano and the masterpiece depicting the Madonna of Grace attributed to Duccio di Buoninsegna. The smaller centres of Prata and Tatti hold the same fascination. These two small villages have kept their medieval appearance as have , and Fenice Capanne which have also maintained the urban structure typical of mining towns. METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

MONTEROTONDO MARITTIMO

ons Ritundus, referring to the almost conical shape of the hills where it stands, greets the visitor from amid green forests where its distinctive stone houses stand out, testifying to its medieval origins. At the beginning of 1200 it Mbecame the property of the Alberti counts who built a to defend the village. Today some ruins and a complex of boundary walls that once enclosed the entire settlement still remain. Also visible are the elevated section of the Keep from the 14th century and the base of a tower that was later converted into a cistern. Other than the METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

17th century Town Hall and the adjacent Clock Tower, with obvious medieval structural origins, the most fascinating aspect of the town is the old quarter. The Palazzo delle Logge is located in the small piazza in the centre of the town. It was built in 19th century and has an open arcade on the ground floor, consisting of only columns and capitals. The 16th century Church of San Lorenzo stands in the same piazza and contains an interesting 14th century painting of the Madonna and Child. The environment and nature are extremely important and of primary importance are areas of great geological interest. Preserved borehole constructions, "soffioni", demonstrate the use of these geysers as geothermal energy. Isolated from the hectic pace of daily life amid lush forests, it is the ideal place to relax and take enjoyable walks to investigate the surroundings. Evidence of both mining and the use of thermal springs by the Romans, and later the Lombards, is clearly visible at nearby . The latter chose the spot to build thermal baths called "Bagni di Re Porsenna" whose remains are open to the public. Frassine is also important for religious reasons. It has the only Santuary dedicate to the Virgin Mary in the Maremma and is the destination of many pilgrimages with a much venerated antique wooden statue of the Madonna. This statue was once set amid the branches of an Ash tree (frassino) which was thought to possess magic powers and has now given its name to the Sanctuary. MONTIERI

ts name "Mons aeris", copper mountain, shows the connection between the town and the mineral resources within the territory. In addition, the numerous tunnels and shafts found on Poggio di Monieri dating from the Etruscans and the Romans, show Ithe enormous importance mining has had for the development of the area throughout time. All of nature seems to have participated in the venture: the silver of the rocks alternates with the red of the quarries and sheer cliffs to lend the air of a lunar vision to the landscape. But the tranquil locality is also surrounded by green mountains covered by

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA

Chestnut, Beech and Oak trees. These mountains constitute the heart of the Riserva Naturale Cornate e Fossini, always a popular destination for itinerant tourism and a perfect base for numerous excursions. The village of Montieri stands out amid the strong colours of its natural setting. The three towers belonging to the original protective walls of the castle are still visible. Strolling through the narrow streets, the most striking sights are the typical tower-houses from the 13th century, the two monumental fountains, the Fontana di Sopra (the Upper Fountain) and the Fontana di Sotto (the Lower Fountain) from 1236 and the Keep overlooking the picturesque medieval centre. The surrounding area is fascinating. The town of maintained its mining traditions for the greatest length of time and is adorned by the Roste, imposing mounds of red coloured slag. Another two villages, Travale and Gerfalco, are important for their medieval urban structures which have remained almost intact. Travale is also known because of the famous "Carta". This document from 1158 is considered one of the oldest examples of the use of the vulgar tongue. It was followed, in 1219, by another document, the "Breve di Montieri" that signalled the enormous historical-linguistic value of that moment, being the only example of its kind to have been written entirely in the vernacular.

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

ROCCASTRADA

he picturesque town of Roccastrada stands on the site where siliceous sand was refined for the foundries and is built on an unusual platform of trachyte rock. It was a feud of the Aldobrandeschi family until the beginning of the 14th century when Tit passed under the domain of the Sienese and then of the Medici. These historic passages can be seen in the various architectural structures. The unusual town wall, built on only the west side, as the other side was already naturally protected by the sheer cliff, is still partially visible today. Within the wall are the elegant neo-Renaissance façade of the Teatro dei Concordi and the parish church of San Niccolò which has kept its 13th century plan. Strolling through the narrow streets, it is possible to see the clearly medieval building known as the "Carceri" which was most probably the original castle and a 16th century palace with a beautiful Renaissance portal. But the entire area of Roccastrada is worth discovering. This can be done by foot, horseback or mountain bike along the Trekking Roccastrada routes or alternative paths, all itineraries through nature, passing antique towers, castles and historic centres. The territory is further enriched by three other towns: , and . The first was founded by the Sienese in the METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

first half of the 14th century and contains the remains of an imposing citadel with a portal embellished by a console decorated with plant motifs. Montemassi is a medieval village high on the Maremma plain, nestled around the Aldobrandeschi castle with narrow streets cut into the rock. It remains a compact village "a pigna", in the shape of a pinecone. The beautiful medieval town of Roccatederighi is camouflaged among trachyte rocks shaped by wind and rain, and it follows their shape giving a unique look to the urban landscape with its ancient wall, gates, tower, castle and parish church.

EVENTS THE DONKEY RACE Among the various festivities held yearly in Roccastrada, the "Comic Donkey Race" in September, has been the most popular for more than 40 years. The contending neighbourhoods, the organizers and the large public never lose their enthusiasm and their desire to have fun. The race is preceded by a parade led by the brass band's allegorical float that passes through the town, carrying its best wishes to each of the eight competing neighbourhoods. At the end of the race, the winning neighbourhood receives a hand-decorated trophy. SCARLINO

t is immediately clear from the imposing Citadel overlooking the settlement, that Scarlino has always held an important strategic position over the plains below as I far as the Gulf of Follonica. Its name, from the Gothic "scherlin" or "torch", indicates that it was a reference and light for the ancient Roman port of Scabris (today's modern tourist port, Puntone). It belonged to the Aldobrandeschi family and became a in the noble family's defensive structure. They fortified it with the beautiful Citadel that still stands out, tall and proud, on a steep ridge. New archaeological digs have brought to light an important Etruscan necropolis with interesting burial mounds, an indication that the first settlements date from the 7th-6th centuries B.C. But the Medieval past is also a very strong presence, not only in the 10th century Citadel, but also in the façade of the Town Hall and the adjacent buildings such as the church of San Martino. The church is known for its bell tower where one of the two bells displays the coat of arms of Scarlino and the date of casting (1340). The Romanesque church of San Donato also deserves a visit. It contains

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA

EVENTS LE CARRIERE DEL 19 In 1855, Scarlino was stricken by a cholera epidemic that came to a sudden and inexplicable end on the 19th of August. It is in honour of this miraculous event that the festivity known as "Le Carriere del Diannove" is celebrated each year. The streets of the old, Aldobrandeschi part of the town fill with actor-villagers who perform in this open-air theatre. The festivities include a historic parade, archery competitions and a foot race among representatives of the three districts, all obviously held in full medieval costume. a painting from the 15th century representing Christ Crucified that is considered to be the most important pictorial piece in the area in that, unlike traditional iconography, Christ is not crowned with thorns, but with gold and is wearing a black tunic bordered in gold. Oasis and nature reserves, reaching from the interior to the sea, have been developed to protect the territory's rich and varied environmental heritage. This happy union of nature, history and artistic environment is easily explored. The interior hills, with chestnut and oak forests, are perfect for outings into the peaceful Maremma countryside with the famous Etruscan settlements, and Roselle within a few kilometres. The coast provides uncontaminated beaches such as Cala Violina and Cala Marina, surrounded by Mediterranean scrub and far from the hustle and bustle of towns.

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THE SEA AND COAST The possibilities to enjoy the sea are many. The vast, sandy shore that reaches from the gulf of Follonica to has accessible beaches and soft dunes with clean, transparent water. The shallow water continues for SCARLINO PORT

The new tourist port at Scarlino, "Etrusca Marina", offers everything a visitor could desire: completely equipped docking for boats up to 40 meters, residences fitted with every comfort, shops and restaurants. An area able to offer complete assistance to all kinds of craft has been created, providing parking, garages and storage to keep equipment in perfect condition.

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

several meters from the shore and offers the perfect setting to enjoy the sea and nature without sacrificing the amenities. There are a number of scuba diving centres along the coast and the many bathing establishments carry all of the necessary equipment for sailing, surfing, windsurfing, kite-surfing and canoeing as well as other sporting equipment to satisfy a vast gamma of recreational needs. There is an aquatic park at Follonica where a day of fun is guaranteed for both children and grownups. For those looking for quiet relaxation, there are isolated beaches, still left as nature made them, such as the coves of Cala Martina and Cala Violina near Scarlino, havens of green, transparent sea, crowned by thick Mediterranean scrub. Here the only obligation is to listen to the gentle murmur of the water and admire the colours of the sunset as the sky and sea become one. NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT Few areas in can boast of an environmental system as well organized as the one created in the Metalliferous Hills. Repopulation, biogenetic, integration and protection reserves, WWF parks and oases add up to a vast "reserve of nature", a stockpile, as it were, in which all of the typical environments of both the coast and interior are represented. RISERVA NATURALE STATALE INTEGRALE POGGIO TRE CANCELLI Town of Follonica - info: tel. 0566.40019 The 99 hectares of the reserve is a biotope of particular interest in terms of plant life. It has been included in the Programma di Ricerca Territoriale (Territorial Research Program) as one of the natural environments to be protected. RISERVA NATURALE STATALE DI POPOLAMENTO ANIMALE Towns of Massa Marittima, Follonica and - info: tel. 0566.40019 The purpose of the reserve is to preserve and improve plant associations within the natural habitat, to conserve biodiversity and protect wildlife. The area is involved in the experimental program to preserve and develop the Maremma strains of cattle and horses. PARCO INTERPROVINCIALE DI MONTIONI Town of Follonica, Massa Marittima, Suvereto, and Piombino info: tel. 0564.484580/81/82 The park is covered by dense, native vegetation, largely Holm oak and coniferous forests and inhabited by a variety of species typical of the Maremma. The artistic and historic heritage of the territory ranges from late prehistoric settlements to those of the Etruscans and Romans, to yet a more recent layer of medieval structures such as the Baths at Montioni and the ruins of the castle at Montioni Vecchio.

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RISERVA NATURALE STATALE BIOGENETICA TOMBOLI DI FOLLONICA Towns of Follonica and Scarlino - info: tel. 0566.40019 This protected area is unusual in that it is partially located within the town of Follonica and includes two of its public gardens (the East Pine Forest and the West one). It stretches along the coast with a dune covered by water lilies and daisies and inhabited by tortoises.

CARAPAX EUROPEAN CENTER FOR THE PROTECTION OF TORTOISES AND STORK CENTER Massa Marittima Loc. Venelle - info: tel. 0566.940083 - www.novars.it/carapax Carapax is the only structure in Europe where Italian and exotic tortoises are recovered, studied, allowed to reproduce and reintroduced into their natural habitat. The stork centre within the structure, containing a colony of these beautiful birds, is open to the public. This is the largest aviary in Italy and was created as part of the project for their protection and reintroduction into migratory routes. RISERVA NATURALE PROVINCIALE CORNATE E FOSINI Town of Montieri - info: tel. 0564.484580/81/82 The mountainous formation of the territory makes it a natural habitat of national importance with wild cats, short-toed eagles, sparrow hawks and rare flora including the Etruscan violet. The Fosini Castle, the Rosso Ammonitici quarries and the remains of a 12th century silver mine are among the important historical-archaeological sites. In addition, the reserve is considered a perfect spot to observe the night sky.

RISERVA NATURALE STATALE DI POPOLAMENTO ANIMALE BELAGAIO Town of Roccastrada - info: tel. 0566.40019 It is a part of the nature reserve system of Farma-Merse with a combination of different types of environments linked together by integration areas, programmed management and comprehensive protection. Historic buildings, including the Belagaio Castle, located within the reserve, have the tunnels used to drain the marshes passing under them.

RISERVA NATURALE PROVINCIALE TORRENTE FARMA Towns of Roccastrada and Monticiano - info tel. 0564.484580/81/82 The reserve includes hills and valleys covering approximately 1.500 hectares of cultivated land, pastures and forests. Rare plants including birch and yew trees and numerous animals such as otters, martens and wildcats make this reserve unique in Italy.

RISERVA NATURALE PROVINCIALE LA PIETRA Towns of Roccastrada and - info: tel. 0564.484580/81/82 The reserve covers approximately 430 hectares of well-preserved forests of rare species of

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

trees, some of which find their perfect climatic conditions in environments above 1.000 metres.

OASI DI PROTEZIONE FAUNISTICA PADULE E COSTIERE DI SCARLINO Town of Scarlino - info: tel. 0564.484580/81/82 The Oasis covers more than 1.000 hectares and is divided into three distinct zones: the marsh land, where the endangered Mash Harrier lives; the coastline, especially suited for animal life, particularly several kinds of ducks like the Mallard; and lastly, the woods and cultivated land next to the marshes.

RISERVA NATURALE STATALE BIOGENETICA SCARLINO - POGGIO SPEDALETTO Town of Scarlino - info: tel. 0566.40019 The vegetation of the reserve consists largely of Holm-oak and a forest of Umbrella pines, typical of the coastal area. Wild boar, fox, porcupines, badgers and hedgehogs are regular residents of these forests and it is easy to spot woodpigeons, little owls, barn owls and couples of kestrels. In addition, Etruscan settlements have been found in the zone and are open to the public. FOOD AND WINE Simplicity, sobriety and genuineness are the qualities of the dishes prepared by the area's many restaurants and typical trattorie and wine shops. Whether the recipes are refined or simple and genuine, they always respect the ingredients and natural flavours of both the sea and the land. The gastronomic choices are incredibly varied. Made from a few basic, appetizing

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ingredients, the first culinary rule is respect for cultural traditions with special attention given to local products such olive oil, chestnuts and mushrooms, with their autumnal flavours. Special harvest festivals are held in the villages of Montieri, Sassofortino, Tatti and Caldana when the cellars are thrown open with offerings of the Maremma's food and wine production and local crafts. WINES MONTEREGIO DI MASSA MARITTIMA DOC

The new DOC MONTEREGIO originates in the hills around Massa Marittima and the other medieval villages. Local wine production, thanks also to a long tradition, now boasts nine classifications of wines representing an important part of the Maremma's wine growing assets. Monteregio di Massa Marittima rosso, riserva, rosato and novello accompany meat, ham and salami dishes while Monteregio di Massa Marittima Bianco or Vermentino are served with soups and fish dishes and last, Monteregio di Massa Marittima Vin Santo (also Reserve) and Vin Santo occhio di pernice enhance the region's typical desserts.

ASSOCIAZIONI STRADE DEL VINO "Monteregio di Massa Marittima" (Massa Marittima) Via Norma Parenti, 22 Telephone 0566.902756/904756 - Fax 0566.904756 [email protected]

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

ACTIVITIES The Metalliferous Hills provide the chance for a relaxing vacation in a wholesome setting with a varied environment guarantying endless possibilities for diversion. Nature is waiting to be enjoyed, whether by foot, horseback or mountain bike, in an organized system of parks and natural reserves with marked trails and furnished rest areas. There is also a particularly well-organized route, "TREKKING DI ROCCASTRADA", that boasts of 120 kilometres of paths accompanied by posted information. It runs along the hills that once surrounded the ancient lake Prile, going as far as the Farma valley in the provinces of both Grosseto and Siena. Following old cart roads, mule trails and the roads used by the iron works along the river Farma, the route passes through a natural setting that has everything to offer. For lovers of the green, The Golf Club Toscana offers an exclusive 18 hole course. Typically Tuscan, it is immersed in greenery and surrounded by olive groves and vineyards. Together with the Cordial Golf Residence Il Pelagone, the Golf Club Toscana is one of the most prestigious golf courses in Italy and offers excellent conditions for both expert and beginning players. FROM MASSA MARITTIMA TO GAVORRANO - 25 KM ITINERARY This itinerary is long but easy-going. It goes from the foot of the Metalliferous Hills to the high ground between Castiglione della Pescaia and Scarlino. At the locality of Cura Nuova you take a lovely, wide road, shaded by cypress trees, for 4 Km to the mining area of Gavorrano. RING FROM TO MARSILIANA AND TO THE PARK OF MONTIONI 17 KM ITINERARY This itinerary is long and enjoyable. It begins along a dirt road that goes up and down hill, reaches the village of Marsiliana and then turns west toward the Parco del Montioni and the border with the province of Leghorn. RING FROM SASSOFORTINO TO ROCCATEDERIGHI AND MONTEMASSI 22 KM ITINERARY This itinerary is long, but can only be partially followed. It overlooks the Grosseto plain and passes the Romanesque parish at Caminino, now a farm, and the Montemassi castle. FROM GERFALCO TO TRAVALE AND MONTIERI - 15 KM ITINERARY This long, semicircular itinerary crosses the Fosso Rimaggio valley and the Montemurlo forests, passing farmhouses and small villages that are among the most isolated in Metalliferous Hills. FROM MASSA MARITTIMA TO MONTEROTONDO MARITTIMO - 13 KM ITINERARY A varied itinerary links two of the principal centres of the Metalliferous Hills. Starting at , it reaches Fosso Ritorto, goes up to Bocchette Castle, passes over the top of Macchia al Toro and crossing the Milia river, climbs up to Monterotondo Marittimo. FROM GERFALCO TO THE CORNATE - 12 KM ITINERARY The first part is a wide, easily travelled dirt road that is also accessible to bicycles, but the second part is more difficult. This path goes to Poggio delle Cornate, the "roof" of the Metalliferous Hills at 1.060 metres. FROM BOCCHEGGIANO TO TATTI - 11 KM ITINERARY This is an enjoyable route through the low hills on the left of the Merse. At the beginning it passes the mines at Botroni and Baciolo, then continues along the provincial road from Roccatederighi to Gabellino. POGGIONE AND MONTE ARSENTI RING - 15 KM ITINERARY This enjoyable ring begins from Ghirlanda and progresses through the wooded hills to the north of Massa Marittima passing Podere Monte Arsenti, Podere Poggione, Poggio Sugherino and Poggio La Lastra.

POGGIONE DI PRATA RING - 10.5 KM ITINERARY An enjoyable walk through the area where the Metalliferous Hills meet each other in a landscape that shifts from Mediterranean scrub to copses of Chestnut trees with panoramic views and evidence of mining activity. FROM ROCCASTRADA TO THE BELAGAIO CASTLE - 15 KM ITINERARY This long, isolated route passes through dense woods of Turkey oak and ends at the Belagaio Castle, built in the 12th century and centre of the State Nature Reserve of the same name.

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

FROM MASSA MARITTIMA TO LAGO DELL'ACCESA - 12 KM ITINERARY This itinerary connects Massa with the largest mining zone in the vicinity. After a beginning climb, it goes around Poggio al Santo and then crosses the mining areas of Capanne Vecchie and Serrabottini. Once to the Lago dell'Accesa and La Pesta, it continues toward the ruins of an Etruscan mining town.

FROM TO THE BELAGAIO CASTLE - 13 KM ITINERARY This route along the banks of the Farma, the border between the provinces of Grosseto and Siena, passes two abandoned iron works and reaches the Farma Nature Reserve.

FROM ROCCASTRADA TO - 18 KM ITINERARY In view of the Grosseto plains, this charming itinerary passes through extended ilex groves and reaches the railroad station at Roccastrada. CULTURE Museums and centres for information about the territory that include the various aspects of its historical development couldn't be lacking in this area. They include the various factors that have marked the evolution of historic events, from archaeological finds to artists, painters and ancient miners' traditions.

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA THE THOUSAND FACETS OF THE MAREMMA

FOLLONICA Municipal Gallery "Amedeo Modigliani" Piazza del Popolo, 2 info: tel 0566.42412 - fax 0566.59288 The Gallery houses a permanent collection of contemporary artists (Picasso, Dalì, Annigoni, Bueno, Sabatelli, De Rosa…) and the collection Carlo Pepi, the world's largest collection of Macchiaiolo drawings. Museum of Iron and Cast Iron Ex-llva area Piazza del Popolo info: tel 0566.40762-59391 - fax 0566.44340 An historic development of iron and the way in which it was worked, from the classical age to today, with Etruscan examples and objects from the 19th century of artistic and industrial- archaeological value. GAVORRANO Centre for the Documentation and Study of Mines Via Vittorio Veneto, 72 info: tel 0566.843232 - 846282 The Centre covers the story of the mining activity, a pivotal activity for the inhabitants of the Metalliferous Hills, from 1898 until the beginning of the 1980s when mining production ended. MASSA MARITTIMA For information concerning the museums in Massa Marittima please call: tel 0566.902289 - fax 0566.901808 [email protected] - www.coopcollinemetallifere.it/musei M i n i n g M u s e u m Via Corridoni The Museum documents conditions and work in the mines by using the examples of tools, accessories and machines which have come from the mines within the territory. Archaeological Museum and Painting Gallery c/o Palazzo del Podestà - Piazza Garibaldi The Museum contains examples originating primarily from the Etruscan site dell'Accesa (VI B.C.), which consists of dwellings and tombs, and an aeneolithic stone bearing an inscription from the 3rd millennium B.C. The Gallery contains the works of Tuscan painters from the 17-18th centuries. Museum of the History and Art of Mining Piazza Matteotti The Museum documents the mining culture of the Metalliferous Hills with an exhibit of objects belonging to local minors and explains the city's mining history from the Middle Ages to the present day. " Torre del Candeliere" and " Fortilizio Senese" Piazza Matteotti Incorporated in the remaining part of the 13th century defensive walls and with the addition of the mighty Sienese flying buttress, it provides a perfect battle setting and first hand evidence of the Medieval combats that took place up to the time of the city's submission to Siena. Ancient Oil Press ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES Via Populonia, 3 GAVORRANO It was built at the 18th century and brings us a piece Etruscan Tomb (6th - 4th centuries B.C.) of country life. It is noteworthy both for its historic- Loc. Giuncarico - Poggio Pelliccia technological relevance and for the completeness MASSA MARITTIMA of the still functioning working apparatus. Etruscan Settlement Old Carpenter's Shop The ruins of an Etruscan settlement with a Vicolo Massaini necropolis (7th-6th centuries B.C.) Exhibits numerous tools that have come from an Loc. Lago dell'Accesa old shop in Gerfalco. The shop was active from the information c/o the museum end of the 19th century until 1990. SCARLINO Contemporary Art Exhibition Center La Fortified settlement from the Hellenistic age "Angiolino Martini" Collection (4th-2nd centuries B.C.) and the Middle Ages Via Goldoni situated in the historic centre. This collection of 750 works includes paintings, Loc. Scarlino - info: tel. 0566.38546 drawings and lithographs by 20th century artists, Archaeological Site at Poggio Tondo including, among others, Borghese, Maccari, Etruscan necropolis with chamber tombs Guttuso, Gentilizi, Schifano, Nespolo. (7th - 6th centuries B.C.) Loc. Pian d'Alma - info: tel. 0564.38521 ROCCASTRADA Museum of Wine and Creeper The museum preserve ancient rustic tools that used for the main economic activities: agriculture, primarily wine, and ore excavation. SCARLINO Centre for Documentation of the Territory Via della Rocca - info: tel 0566.38546 Objects of every day use and material illustrating the various aspects of life in the area of the Citadel in Scarlino from the Bronze Age to the 17th century are exhibited at the Centre.

METALLIFEROUS HILLS AND GULF OF FOLLONICA

AGENZIA PER IL TURISMO DELLA MAREMMA (AGENCY FOR MAREMMA TOURISM) V.le Monterosa, 206 - 58100 GROSSETO - Italiy Tel. [+39] 0564.46.26.11 - Fax [+39] 0564.45.46.06 [email protected] - www.lamaremma.info

Tourist S.O.S. toll free

FOLLONICA TOWN HALL (zip code 58022) Largo Cavallotti, 1 - Telephone [+39] 0564.62531 - Fax [+39] 0564.620496 www..follonica.gr.it

GAVORRANO TOWN HALL (zip code 58023) Piazza Buozzi, 16 - Telephone [+39] 0566.843111 - Fax [+39] 0566.844418 www.ouverture.it/comune-gavorrano

MASSA MARITTIMA TOWN HALL (zip code 58024) Piazza Garibaldi, 10 Telephone [+39] 0566.902051 - Fax [+39] 0566.902052 www.comune.massamarittima.gr.ir MONTEROTONDO MARITTIMO TOWN HALL (zip code 58025) Via Bardelloni, 64 - Telephone [+39] 0566.916614 - Fax [+39] 0566.916390

MONTIERI TOWN HALL (zip code 58026) Piazza Gramsci, 4 - Telephone [+39] 0566.997722 - Fax [+39] 0566.997800 www.comune.montieri.gr.it

ROCCASTRADA TOWN HALL (zip code 58036) Corso Roma, 8 - Telephone [+39] 0564.561111 - Fax [+39] 0564.561205 www.comune.roccastrada.gr.it

SCARLINO TOWN HALL (zip code 58020) Via Martiri d’Istia, 1 - Telephone [+39] 0566.38511 - Fax [+39] 0566.37401 www.comune.scarlino.gr.it

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