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Copyright © 2010 Archive Digital Books Australasia All Rights Reserved AUSTRALIAN HANDBOOK AND ALMANAC AND 011 TEITY6 D O' A 1\TTI IMPORTERS' DIRECTORY FOR

EIGHTH YEAR OF ISSUE. PRINCIPAL CONTENTS. CALENDAR OF NOTABLE EVENTS IN AUSTRALIAN AND ENGLISH HISTORY. Mail Calendar, showing the Arrivals and Departures of Australian Mails. British Customs Tariff, Postal Regulations, Stamp Duties, Public Amusements, Chambers of Commerce, London Bankers, Public Offices, Courts of Law, Members of both Houses of Parliament, Ministry, Officers of State, and other Information usually found in an Almanac FULL DETAILS CONCERNING EMIGRATION TO THE AUSTRALIAN COLONIES, Including the Current Rate of Wages for all Classes of Artisans and Labourers, and Cost of Proyisions and House Rent. iteguiationo for tatting up Eantc. fn fOr Colonits; Telegraphic and Postal Arrangements between Great Britain and Australia. A HISTORY AND DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT OF AUSTRALASIA. COMPRISING THE COLONIES OF NEW SOUTH WALES, / SOUTH AUSTRALIA, WEST AUSTRALIA, VICTORIA, I QUEENSLAND, TASMANIA, NEW ZEALAND. Including the Discovery, Settlement, Geography, Climate, Products, and Resources and Statistics ex each ; with Governmental Commercial, Banking, Gold Mining, and other details. AN ACCOUNT OF THE COLONY OF FIJI AND NEW GUINEA. A GAZETTEER OF THE PRINCIPAL TOWNS IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND. DIRECTORY AND BUSINESS GUIDE Of London Shippers to Australia, Importers in Australia, Banks, Anglo-Australian Companies, etc.

PUBLISHERS: GORDON & GOTCH, 85, Collins Street West, Melbourne ; George Street, Sydney; Queen Street, Brisbane; ST. BRIDE STREET, LONDON. GENERAL INDEX. Dy. refers to the Directory. Agents—General 45 [Excise Duties, Melbourne ... 185 Newspapers in Adelaide ... 248

Almanac for 1877 ...... 20 I Fiji, Colony of .. ... 362 If Brisbane ... 315 Alterations in Victorian Tariff 182 Government ...... 368 Melbourne ... 182 Anglo - Australian Compa- Fleet of Eastern Mail Co. 379 Perth ... 278

nies ... Dy. 116 Foreign Moneys...... ••• 56 13 Sydney 117 Anniversaries 17 Geelong Merchants 66 Tasmania ... 294 Assessed Taxes ... 54 Government Offices ... 40 New Zealand, Colony of 127 to 345

Australian Anniversaries ... 17 Hawke's Bay Province 339 11 Government ... 345

Auckland Province ...... 316 Her Majesty's Household ... 33 31 Mail Service ... 377

Australian Banks ... Dy. 119 Hotels in London ... 11 Official Deptints. 345 „ Debentures... Dy. 120 House of Peers 34 Parliament ... 345 Australasian Colonies ... 92 to 97 „ Commons ...... 36 Northern Territory ...... 267

Bank of England ... 45 Importers in Adelaide Dy. 88 11 Towns in ... 269 Banks and Banking Com- Auckland Dy. 107 Obituary ...... 388 panics ... 116 Ballaarat Dy. 68 Officers of House of Commons 36

Banks in Adelaide ...... 247 Brisbane Dy. 98 11 11 Peers ... 34

11 Melbourne 180 Christchurch Di!. 110 Otago and Southland Province 343 „ Queensland ...... 314 Dunedin Dy. 105 Passages by Mail Steamers ... 379

11 Sydney ...... 116 Fremantle Dy. 105 Passenger ShiPs and Steamers 182 Tasmania ...... 293 Gawler Dy. 98 P. O. S. N. Co.'s Fleet ... 378 West Australia ... 278 Geelong Dy. 66 Population of Great Britain... 59 Birmingham Shippers Dy. 38 Hobart Town DJ]. 86 Postal Regulations, British ... 37 British Customs' Tariff ... 52 Ipswich ...... 103 Prince of Wales's Household... 34 British and Foreign Ambas- Launceston Dy. 88 Public Amusements, London 51

sadors ...... 44 Maryboro Dy. 103 11 Melbourne 186 British Ships of War ...... 117 Melbourne Di!. 44 Hulk ft'ys. .„ ... 19 Cab Fares in London ... 5'2 Perth ... Dy. 104 „ Offices . . ... 41 Californian Mail Service ... 377 Rockharnpton ... 103 Queen and Royal Family ... 33 Canterbury Province ...... 342 Sandhurst Dy. 66 Queensland, Colony of ...303 to 312

Carriage of Parcels ...... 371 11 Sydney ... Dy. 70 „ Government ... :112

Central Criminal Court ... 43 11 Toowoomba Dy. 164 „ Mail Service ...... 376

Chambers of Agriculture 49 Wellington Dy. 111 11 Official Departments 313

11 Commerce ... 49 ImpoVters Col. Produce ...Dy. 34 Parliament ... 312

11 „ Adelaide ... 248 1 Income Tax ...... 34 Rat es of Brokerage ...... 54 „ 11 Melbourne... 182 Insurance Co.s in N. S. W. ... 116 „ Charges, N.Z. ... 352

„ Tasmania ... 394 „ „ S. Australia 247 11 Commissn. , N. 8. W.... 118 Chambers of Manufact., S. A.... 248 „ Tasmania ... 293 „ S. Australia 249

Chief Officers of State...... 34 11 „ Victoria 180 „ Postage to Australia 378

Clubs in Adelaide ...... 247 11 „ W. Australia 218 Reddit ch Shippers Dy. 42 „ Brisbane ...... 315 Jewish Calendar 17 Remittances to Australia .,. 374 „ Hobart Town ... 294 Land Regulations, Canterbury 87 Seasons 18 „ London ... 50 „ Marlborough ... Ship Brokers, Australian Melbourne ...... 181 „ Nelson ... 86 S. Australia, Colony of 234to 245 '114 Sydney ...... 117 N. S. Wales... 79 Government ... 246

Commercial Stamp Duties ... „ New Zealand ... 11 Official Departments 245 „ Charges, Brisbane ... 315 „ Northern Territory 81 Parliament ... 245

11 „ Melbourne ... 186 „ Otago 87 Steam Navigtn. Co. s in N.S.W. 116

> „ Adelaide ... 249 „ Province of Auckland ... 85 I Stamp Duties, British...... 55

N. Zealand 352 I „ Queensland... , 821 11 11 N. S. Wales ... 119

Commission Rates, Adelaide... 249 „ South Australia ...... 80 I 11 „ Tasmania ... 297 Comrs. for Affidavit, &c. DI/. 117 „ Taranaki ... „. 86 Queensland ... 315 Consuls in Adelaide .... 248 1 „ Tasmania ... 83 Statistics of Australian Colonies 97

11 Brisbane ...... 314 „ Victoria . . U. Kingdom ... 59 „ London ... 44 „ Wellington and Hawke's Succession of Governors ... 383 Melbourne...... 181 Bay...... 86 Summary of Events ...... 386 „ New Zealand ... 347 West Australia ... .., 84 Taranaki Province 338

11 Sydney ...... 117 „ Westland 87 Tasmania, Colony of ...283 to 292

„ Tasmania ...... 294 Law Terms 18 11 Government ...... 292 „ West Australia ... 278 Leading Clubs in London 50 Official Departments 293

Consuls of Foreign States in Licen ses ...... 55 11 Parliament ... 292 London... 44 Lloyd's Register 48 Telegraphic communication... :173 Corporation of London ... 50 , London Banks and Bankers... 47 Towss IN N. S. WALES _119 to 158 Courts of Law ...... 43 ; London Shippers ...Dy. 5 to 34 N. ZEAL ND 352 to 161 „ Session ...... 43 Mail Calendar ...... 21 to :12 „ QUEENSLAND ...317 to 326

County Courts ...... 44 „ Services ...... 3, 0 11 S. AUSTRALIA —200 to 267 Crown Agents ...... 45 Mail Service cid Suez ...... 377 TASMANIA 297 to 302

Customs' Tariff, British ... 33 California ... 377 11 VICTORIA 187 to 233 Fij i 167 Mail Table ... 16* W. AUSTRALIA 279 to 282

71 Queensland... 316 Manchester Shippers... Dy. 30 L nivel', y Terms ... 18

11 N. S. Wales... 117 Marlborough Province ... 341 'Victoria, Colony of 139 to 177

17 N. Zealand ... 348 Metropolitan Police Courts... 43 „ Ecclesiastical Appts. 180

11 S. Australia... 248 Mining Regulations ...... 88 11 Government of-. .. 177

Tasmania ... 293 „ N. S. Wales ... 88 11 Insurance Co.s. ... 180

Victoria ... 182 11 ... 88 „ Naval & Mil. Forces 180 W.Australia... 278 „ S. Australia ... 89 „ Official Departments 178 Dock Companies ... 53 „ Queensland ... 89 „ Parliament ... 178 Drawbacks, Victoria ... 185 „ W. Australia 90 Walsall Shippers ... Dy. 44

Eclipses ... 18 11 Tasmania ... 90 Wellington Province 339 Emigration ... 60 „ N. Zealand ... 90 Westland Province ... . „ 34 I „ Statistics ... 78 Mohammedan Calendar ... 17 W. Australia, Colony of 270 to 279

„ N. S. Wales 63 Naval Forces, Victoria...... 180 11 Government ... 277 „ New Zealand 76 N. S. Wales, Colony of... 98 to 112 Official Departm. 277 „ Queensland... 72 „ Govrnnmt. Parlmt., &c.... 112 Wool Brokers ... Dy. 113 „ S. Australia 68 „ Official Departments 112 to 115 Wool Statistics ... 385 „ Tasmania 73 r Nelson Province...... 340 WoOl Warehouse Keepers Dy. 113 „ Victoria ... 66 New Guinea ...... 369 Wool Sales Room Dy. 113 „ W. Australia 75 Newspapers for Colonies 52 INDEX TO TOWNS. PAGE PAGE PAGE PAGE ..PA1G29E Abercrombie ... 119 Barrington ... 121 Brisbane ...... 318 Charleville ... 319 Dapto . Aberdeen ... 119 Bateman's Bay 121 „ (S.) ... 318 Charlton ...... 197 Dargalong...... 200 Aberfeldy ... 187 Batesford ... 191 Brisbane Water 125 Charters Towers 319 Darlingford 200 Addminiby ... 119 Bathurst ...... 121 Broadford ... 194 Chatsworth ... 197 Darlington 200 Addison's Flat... 352 Baynton ... 191 Broad Meadows 194 Cheltenham ... 197 Dardandup -. 280 Adelaide ...... 250 Bealiba 191 Broadwater ... 125 Chepstowe ... 197 Dashwood's Gul. 253 Adelong ... 119 Beaufort ...... 192 Brompton .. 252 Cherry Gardens 253 Daveyston _ 253 Akaroa ... 352 Beechworth ... 192 Broughton's Ck. 125 Chetwynd ... 197 Daylesford 200 Albany ...... 279 Beenleigh ... 317 Brown'sDiggings 194 Chewton 197 Dean ...... 200 Albury ... 119 Bega 122 Brown's River... 298 Chiltern ... 197 Dean's Marsh ... 200 Alberton (V.) 187 Belfast ... 192 Brunswick ... 194 Chinaman's Flat 198 Deepwater ... 129 „ (S.A.) 251 Belford ... 122 Brushgrove ... 125 Christchurch ... 353 Deloraine...... 298 Albion Park ... 119 Bellerive ... 297 Bruthen ... 194 Christmas Hill 198 Deniliquin ... 129 Aldinga ... 251 Beltana ... 252 Buangor 194 Chudleigh ... 298 Denman . . ... 130 AlexanderMt.(see Belvedere ...... 252 Buckland (Tas.) 298 Circular Head ... 298 Diamoad Ck. ... 201 Castlemaine).. 187 Belvoir (see Wo- „ (V.) 194 'Clare ...... 253 „ Hill ... 201 Alexandra-. ... 187 donga) ...' 232 Bugle Ranges ... 252 Clarence River Digby ... 201 Alexandria 352 Benalla 192 Bukkulla 125 Heads ...... 127 Diggers' Rest •.. 201 Alfredton 187 Bendemeer ... 122 Bulimba 318 Clarence Town 127 Doncaster...... 201 Allanford 187 Berkshire Valley 279 Bulla ... 195 Clarendon (S.A.) 253 Donnelly's Ck... 201 Allandale N. 251 Berlin ...... 193 Bulli ... 125 „ (N.S.W.) 127 Dongarra 280 Allora ... 317 Berrima ... 122 Bunbury 279 ,, (Viet)... 198 Donnybrook ... 201 Alma S.W.) .. 187 Berwick ... 193 Bundaberg ... 318 Clermont ...... 319 Dookie, South ... 201 .) ... 251 Bet-Bet ...... 193 Bundarra ... 125 Cleveland (Q.) ••. 320 Douglas Paz* ... 130 Alphington ... 187 Beveridge...... 193 Bungaree ... 195 „ (Tas.) ... 298 Dovedale ... 130 Alstonville ... 120 Beverley ... 279 Bungendore ... 125 Clunes (Viet.) ... 198 Drake • ...... 130 Amherst ... 187 Bibbenluke ... 122 Buninyong is Clyde (N.Z.) ... 353 Drayton ... ••• 320 Amphitheatre ... 188 Bichen ... 297 Burnie ... •.. 298 ,, (Viet) 198 Dromana... 201 Angaston ... 251 Billabong ... 123 Burnt Creek ... 195 Clydesdale ... 198 Drummond • ... 201 Angle Vale ,., 251 Binalong ... 123 Burrangony (see Cobargo ... 127 Dry Creek ... 253 Antil Ponds ... 297 Bingera 123 Young) _ 125 Coburg .- 198 Drysdale ... 201 Anvil Creek ... 120 Birregurra ... 193 Burrowa 125 Cobden .- 198 Dubbo ... 130 Apoinga ,„ 251 Bishopsbourne 297 Burrumbeet ... 195 Codrington 127 Duckponds ... 201 Appin... •.. 120 Itlackall ... 317 Burwood 125 Coghill's Creek 198 Dunedin ... 354 Apsley (V.) •.. 188 Blackwood (V.) 193 Busselton 279 Coimadai „, 198 Dunkeld ... 201 , (Tas.) ... 297 „ (S.A.) 279 Buxton 195 Colae 198 Dungog ... 130 A;aluen _ 120 Black Boy ... 297 Byaduk 195 Coleraine 198 Dunolly — ... 201 ... 317 Blanche Town... 252 Byerstown ... 319 Collector ...... 128 Durham Lead ... 202 Ararat ... 188 Blacktown ... 123 Cabooltufe...9 Collingwool.)... 353 Ox. ... 202 Armidale ... 120 Blandford...... 123 Callawadda 195 EadKempsey... 130 Arrastrongs ... 188 Blayney 123 Callington ... 252 ,, ( 199 ,, Trentham 202 Arringo ... 279 Blenheim 353 Calliope ... 319 Concord ...... 128 Eaglehawk ... 202 Arrow Town ... 352 Bletchley ... 252 Camberwell ... 125 Concordia... -. 253 Eauablong ... 130 Arthur River ... 279 Blinman _ 252 Cambooya „, 319 Condobolin _ 127 Echuca ... 202 Ascot 188 Blyth Plains ... 252 Cambridge ... 353 Condamine ••. 320 Echunga ... 254 Ashfield ... 120 Bodalla 123 Camden ... 126 Cook ... 128 Eddington ... 202 Ashford ... 121 Boggabri ... 123 Campania ... 298 Cookardinia ... 128 Eden ...... 130 Auburn ... 251 Bolong (see Bo- Campaspe 195 CooktoNvn 320 Eclenhope...... 202 Augusta ... 279 madary) ... 123 Campbellton Coolatoo 253 Eden Valley ... 254 Auckland ... 352 Bomadary...... 123 (N, S. W.) 126 Cooma ... 128 Edwardstown ... 254 Australind 279 Bombala ... 123 „ (N.Z.) ... 353 Coonabarabran 128 Elaine ... 202 Avenel 188 Bontherambo _ 193 „ (S.A.) 252 Coonamble _ 128 Elderslie ... 298 Avisford ... 121 Bookham 124 ,, (Tas.) ... 298 Cooper's Ck. ... 199 Elliott ... 321 Avoca(Tas.) ... 279 Borambil...... 124 Campbellfield ... 195 Cooranbang ... 128 Eldorado...... 202 , (V.) 189 Border rn (S.A.) 252 Campbell's Ck... 195 Copmanhurst ... 128 Elizabeth Town 298 Avon Plains ... 189 Border Town(V.) 193 Camperdown Copperfield ... 320 Ellalong ... 131 Axedale 189 Bothwell ... .. 297 (N,S.W.) 126 Coraki ... 128 Elleralie ... 203 Bacchus Marsh 189 Bourke ,„ _ 124 „ (Viet)... 195 Corowa ... 128 Elmores ... 203 t's Well ... 251 Bowden ... 252 Canning 280 Coromandel Val. 253 Elphinstone ... 203 sdale ... 189 Bowen ... 317 Cannonbar ... 126 Coromandel ... 353 Elsteniwick ... 203 Balaclava (V.) ... 190 Bowen Downs... 317 Capeville 318 Costerfield .. 199 Eltham ... 203 „ (S.A.) 251 Bowman'sForest 193 Caramut 195 Cowes ...... 199 Emerald Hill ... 203 Baklutha ... 353 Bowna 124 Carcoar ... 126 Cowra ... 129 Emu Bay ...... 298 Bald Hills...... 190 Bowenfels ... 124 Cardigan ... 195 Cowles Ck. ... 199 Emu Creek ... 131 Balhannah ... 251 Bracknell ... 297 Cardwell ... 318 Cowwarr ... 199 Emu ... 131 Ballan ... 191 Braidwood ... 124 Cargarie 196 Coy's Diggings 199 Ensay...... 203 Ballaarat ... 190 Brandy Creek ... 193 Cargo ...... 126 Crafers 253 Epping ••• ••• 203 Ballandean ... 317 Branxholme ... 193 Cariabrook ... 196 Craigie ... 199 Epsom ..• 203 Ballangeich ... 191 Branxton 124 Carlsruhe ... 196 Craiglee ... 253 Essendon ... 203 Balling 121 Braybrook ... 194 Carlton ... 196 Cranbounie ... 199 Ettrick ... 354 Bally-Shanassy 191 Breadalbane ... 297 Carnarvon ... 318 Cressy (Viet.) ... 199 Euroa ... 203 Balmain ... 121 Breakfast Cr. ... 317 Ca,rngham ... 196 ,, (Tas.) ... 298 Euston 131 Balmoral ... 191 Break o'Day ... 194 Carrick ... 298 Creswick ... 199 Evandale ... 298 Balranald ... 121 Breeza 124 Casino ... 126 Croki ... 129 Everton ... 203 Banana ... _ 317 Brewarrina ... 124 Cassilis 127 Cromwell ... 353 Exton — 298 Bandon Grove ... 121 Briagolong ... 194 Casterton ... 196 Crossover Diggs. 200 Farrell's Flat 254 Bankstown ... 121 Bridgetown ... 279 Castlemaine ... 196 Crowlands ... 200 Fairfield ...... 131 Bannister ... 279 Bridgewater(S. A)252 Castlereagh ... 127 Cudgegong ... 129 Falmouth .* . 298 Baringheep ... 191 Bridgewater (T.) 297 Cathcart ...... 127 Cundletown ... 129 Fernmount ... 131 Barker's Creek 191 Bridgewater on Caulfield ... -. 197 Cunnamulla ... 320 Fernshawe ... 203 Barkley ...... 191 Loddon ... 195 Cavendish ... 197 Currency Cr. ... 353 Fern-Tree Gully 203 Barkatead ... 191 Bright ...... 194 Cawarral ... 319 Dalby ... 320 Field of Mars ... 131 Chambers Ck.... 127 Dalkey ... 253 Findon ... 254 Barnawartha ... 191 Brighton (V.) ... 194 Fingal ...... 298 BarossaGd.Field 252 (S.A.... 252 Champion Bay... 280 Dalton ...... 129 Barraba ...... 121 • „P P (Tas.) 297 Charlestown ... 253 Dandenong ... 200 Finnis Vale ... 254 INDEX TO TOWNS.

Fish River Creek 131 Greymouth ... 133 Jordan ... 210 Lovett ... 30Q Mooralim Fitzroy ...... 204 Greenough 280 Joyce's Creek ,,.., 210 Lower Mitcham 257 Moorroopna Five Dock ... 131 Gresford ... 133 Jugiong .., 136 Ludlow ,281 Mooroowoollen Flemington .. ,204 Grunthal ... 255 Junee , . 136 Lunatic Reefs ... 139 Moorwatha Flynn's Creek ... 204 Guildford (V.) ... 207 Jupiter dreek ....,256 Lyell ... 357 Morang Footscray ... 204 „ 280 Kadina .... 256 Lymington ... 300 Mordialloc Forbes ...... 131 Gulgong...... 134 Kaiapoi ... 356 Lyndoch ... 257 Mornington Formby ..' ... 298 Gulligal 131 Kaikoura 356 Lytton ...... 322 Morpeth . 1 Fortitude Valley 321 Gumeracha 255 Kalkallo 210 I,yttelton ... 357 Morphett Vale Framlingham ... 204 Gundagai ... 134 Kangaroo Flat .. 210 Macarthur ... 213 Mortlake Franklin ... 298 Gundaroo ... 134 „ Ground 210 Macclesfield " ... 257 Moruya Frankston .. 204 Gunnedah 134 „ Valley 136 Macdonald Town 139 Moss Vale Frederickswalde 254 Gunning ... 134 Kanmantoo ... 256 Macedon ... , 213 Moulamein Fredericton ... 131 G ympie ... 321 Kanyaka ... 256 Mackay 322 Mt. Barker Freeburgh 204 Haddon . 207 Kapunda 256 Macquarie Plains 139 • Barker ... Freeing... ..;254 Hadspen 299 Kawarau ...' 356 Maffra 213 Bischoff .. Fremantle _ 280 Hagley ... 299 Kayuga ,136 Magill ... _ 257 If Blackwood Freshwater Crk, 2 5 Hahndorf ... 255 Keilor 210 Maidstone ... 214 Cotterell Fryer's Town .., 205 Hamilton (V.) ... 207 Kelso ... 136 Maindample ... 214 Egerton :. Fulham .. 254 Hamilton (S.A.) 255 Kempsey ... 136 Maitland 139 Gambier .. Fyfe-Barnett 321 H am i It o .11-o n- Kempsey, W. ... 136 Maitland, E. ...139 Ida Fyansford _ 204 Clyde (T. ) ... 299 Kempton v. 300 Majorca, ... 214 Mercer (affney's Creek 205 Ha m il to n-o n- Kensington ,.., 210 Maldon ... 214 „ Perry Gainsford 321 Forth (T.) ... 299 Kerang 210 Mallata ,. 258 „ PleasoJA Gatton ... 321 Hamiltous ... 355 Kersbrook 256 Malmsbury ... 214 „ Rowan ... Gawler.., Hamley Bridge 255 Kew... „ 210 Mandurah ... 280 „ Torrens Gayndah .., 321 Hampden ... 355 Kiama , 137 Mangano. ... 300 „ Victoria ... Geelong _ 205 Hanging Rocks 144 Kiandra_ „ • , 137 Mannum 258 Moutajup George's Bay ... 298 Harcourt ... 208 Kiewa ... 211 Manoora ... -258 M oyston Georgetown (T. ) 298 Hargreaves ... 134 K ilm ore ... 211 Mansfield 214 Mudgee 1 „ (Q.) 321 Harriet villa ... 208 Kimberley ,. „, 137 Marengo ... 139 Mulgoa 1 „ (S,A ) 254 Harrogate ..._ 255 Kingo wer 211 Margate...... , 300 Mundooran 1 Geraldton ... 280 Harrow ...... 208 Kingston(Viet. ) - 211 Marong : 214 Mungindi ...-1 Germanton ... 132 Hartley ... 134 „ )Tas.) 300 Maroona ... 214 Murchison Germantown ... 2, '5 Hartley (Lit.) ... 135 „ (S.A.) 256 Marrabel 258 Maroon ... 2 Gerringony ... 132 Haslem's Creek 135 ., (Q.) ... 322 Martin's Bay ... 357 Murrumburrah • Gheringap ... 205 Hastings ... 208 Koetong ... 211 Marrickville ... 139 Murrurundi ...•1 Gilbert Town ... 254 Havelock (V) 208 Kojonup ... 281 Maryborough(V.) 214 Muswellbrook 1 Gilberton ... 321 „ (N.Z. 355 Kooringa ... 256 i9•) 323 Myall River ....1 Gingin 280 Hawthorne ... 208 K oroit ... 211 Mandan _ 139 Myers' Flat ...-01 Gisborne (N.Z.) 855 Hay ...... 135 Kurrajong 137 Maryland 140 Myponga ...• (V.) ... 206 Healesville ... 208 , 137 Masterton ... 357 Myrniong ....2 Glad;tone ... 132 Heathcote ... 208 Kyneton 211 Mathinna _ 300 Myrtleford ...- 2 ,, Q.) ... 821 Heidelberg ... 208 Laarecoorie 212 Mathoura 140 Nagambie ...21 ,, ((S.A.) 254 Hepburn ... 208 Lachlan ...... 137 Matlock 215 Nailsworth Prop. Gladesville 132 Hexham(N.S.W.) 135 Laggan _ ... 137 Matthiva 300 Nairne ...- 2 Glaninire ... 132 „ (V.) ... 209 Lake Bolac ... 212 Mauriceville ... 357 Nanango ••821 Glebe ... 132 Heyfield ... 209 Lake Plains ... 256 Maytown 323 Napier ...... • 85 Glenburn 254 Heywood 209 Lal Lal _ 212 Meadows 258 Napoleons ... 2 Glenburnie 255 Highlands 135 Lambton ... 138 Melbourne 215 Narellan Glendaruel ... 206 Highton ... 209 Lamplough 212 Melrose ...... 258 Narrabri 1 Glenelg ... 255 Hill End ... 135 Lancefield ... 212 Melton :.. ... 216 Narracoorte Glengower ... 206 gindLeareli ... 255 Landsborough 212 Melton Mowbray 300 Narrandera ..:1 .Glengrove ... 255 Hinton ... 185 Lane Cove 138 Menangle 140 Niseby 351 Glen limes ... 132 Hit or Miss ... 209 Langhorne's Cr. 257 Menindie ... 140 Nattai ...•141 Glenluce ... 206 Hobart Town „. 299 Lara 212 Meningie ... 258 Natte Yallook ...la Glenlyon ... 206 Hochkirch ... 209 Larpent .. 212 Meredith 217 Navan ..:569: Glenore ... 299 Hoddles Creek... 209 La Trobe ... 300 Merimbula 140 Navarre...... 219 Glenosmond ... 255 Hokianga ... 355 Latrobe Bridge 212 Merino ... 217 Nebo I.. ... 324 Glenorchy (Viet.) 206 Hokitiki ... 355 Launceston ... 300 Merriwa...... 140 Neilborough :.. 210 (Tas.) 299 Home Rule ... 135 Laura _ 257 Merton ... 217 Nelligen ... 141 Glenpark ... 206 Hope Valley ... 256 Lawrence(N S.W.)138 M ichela,go 140 Nerrigundah 148 Glenthompson „ 206 Horsham ... 209 „ (N.Z.) 356 Middleton (S A) 258 Nelson ... .. 851 Gobur 206 Hot,ham Learmonth ... 212 (Tas.) 300 Newbridge 210 Godfrey's Creek 206 Hotspur... 209 Leasingham 257 258 Newcastle(NSW) 148 Goodna ... 321 Houghton .. 256 Ledcourt 212 Milawa ... 217 , (W.A.) 281 Goolwa 255 Hoyleton ... 256 Leonard's Hill 213 Milchester ... 323 Newham 219 Gooley's Creek... 206 Huntley . ... 209 Lethbridge ... 213 Millicent ... 258 Newhaven _ 219 Goondiwindi 321 Hunter's Hill ... 135 Lexton ... 213 Millfield ... 140 Newtown (NSW) 14$ Goornong ... 206 Hutt _ ... 356 Lillydale ... 213 Milton (N.S.W.) 140 (Tas-) Gordon...... 206 Illawarra ... 135 Linton ... 213 „ (N. Z.) ... 357 New England ... 143 Gosford ... 132 Indgo ... 209 Lismore (N.S.W.) 138 Miner's Rest ... 217 Newstead ... 219 Goulburn ... 132 Inglewood • 209 „ (V.) ... 213 Minmr ... 140 New Norfolk ... 800 Graf ton ... 133 Inverleigh ' ... 210 Little Billahong 138 M intaro ... 258 New Plymouth 357 Grahamstown ... 355 Inverell _ 136 , River ... 213 Mitta Mitta ... 217 Newtown (NSW) 148 Grand Junction 255 Invercargill ,.. 357 Littlehampton ... 300 Moama ... 140 Newton (Tas.) ... 300 Grant ... 206 Ipswich ... 322 Liverpool ... 138 Modbury ... 259 Ngaruawahia 358 Grantville ... 207 Ironbarks ... 136 , Plains 138 Mokihinui ... 357 Ngakawhau .., 358 Greytown .207 Italian Gully ... 210 Lobethal ... 257 Moliagul ... 217 Nimitybelle ... 143 Great Western... 207 Jamberoo ... 136 Lockwood 213 Molong ... 141 Nine Mile Spring1300 Greendale ... 207 Jamestown ... 356 Lochinvar 138 Monarto 257 Noarlunga 260 Greenock ... 255 Jamieson ... 210 i ongford ... 300 Montefiores 141 Normanby Gold- Greenponds ... 299 Jan Juc ... 210 Long Reach ... 138 Moonta259 field ... 823 G renfell , 133 Jereelderie ... 136 Longswanip 138 Moonambel ... 217 Normanton 823 Grenville ... 207 Jerry's Plains 136 Longwood 213 Moonee Ponds... 217 Nornaanville ... 260 Greta „. „, 307 Jerusalem 300 Louisa Creek ... 138 Moorabool 217 Norwood ... 260 11.1 7,1214 1V 1VYTJ.I 0.

Northam ... 281 Qpambone ... 146 St. Helen's 301 Tanunda 265 Wanganui 361 Northampton ...- 281 Quartzreffs ,.. 221 „ Johns 264 Taranaki 360 Wanerenoolo 282 Northeote ... 219 Queanbeyan ... 146 „ Kilda ... 226 Taradale 228 Waratah —.154 Northfield ... 137 Queenborough... 301 „ Lawrence ... 325 Taralga 151 Warburton ... 230 North Richmond 143 Queenscliff ... 221 „ Leonard's ... 227 Tarcutta 151 Wardell .. 154 Norton's Summit 260 Queenstown (V.) 221 „ (Tas.) 301 Taree 151 Warialda 154 Norwood ... 260 „ (N. Z.) 359 Mary's ... 302 Tarlee 265 Warneton 154 Nowra - 144 Quindalup ... 281 Sarsfield...... 224 1 arnagulla ... 228 Warkworth ... 154 ... 144 .., 146 Scarsdale ... 224 Taroom 325 Warrandyte ... 230 Numerella ochnapper Point 224 Tarpeena 265 Warrenheip 230 Nunawading ... 219 Raglan (V.) ... 221 Nundle ... 144 Scone ... 148 Tarraville 229 Warrnambool ... 230 260 Raglan (N.Z.) ... 359 Sebastopol ..., 224 Tarrawingee 229 Warwick 327 Nuriootpa „ (N.S.W.) 146 Second Valley ... 263 Tauranga ... 360 Wasleys ... 266 Oakbank .. 260 Rarnornie „.. 146 Waterloo(N.S.W.)155 Oakley creek 323 262 Sellick's Hill ... 264 Tea-Tree Gully 256 219 Randallsca Serpentine C. ... 224 Teesdale 229 „ (Vitt.) 231 Oakleigh Randwick ... 147 Serpentine ... 281 126 „ (S.A.) 266 Oamaru 358 ... 359 Templars Oatlands 301 Rangiora Seven Hills Templestowe ... 229 Water Vale 266 ... 144 Rapid Bay ... 262 (N. S. W.) ... 148 Ten-Mile Creek 151 Watson's Bay ... 156 Oaks Ravenswood (V.) 222 (S.A.) 264 ... 151 Waurn Ponds ... 231 Oberon ...... 144 (Q.) 324 „ Tenterfield O.B. Flat ... 261 Seymour 225 Terang ... 229 Weaner's Flat ... 266 Raymond Ter- Shady Creek ... 225 Terara ... 152 Wee-Waa ... 155 Obley ... 144 race . . ... 147 Wedderburn 231 O'Brien's Bridge 301 ... 222 Shea Oak Log ... 264 Teviot ... 360 ... 219 Raywood Shelbourne ..., 215 Thebarton ... 265 Wellingrove ... 155 Omeo Redfern ... 147 Sheiford :.. 225 Thornborough... 325 Wellington Onehunga 358 Redbank 222 One-Tree Hill ... 144 Shepperton ... 225 Three Hut Point 302 (N.S.W.) 155 Redrut h (S.A.) 262 Shoalhaven ... 148 Thursday Island 325 „ ( S.A.) ... 266 Oomberatana .. 261 „ (V.) 222 ... 360 „ (N.Z) ... 361 Ophir... 144 Reedy Marsh .„ 301 Shortland Timaru ... 360 Opossum Gully 220 Singleton 148 Timbarra ... 152 Wentworth ... 155 Reefton (N.Z,) 359 Skiptan ... 225 Timor ...... 229 Werribee ... 231 Orange 144 Reeftown 324 ... 302 Orford ... 220 263 Sliding Rock ... 264 Tinouee ... 152 Westbury 144 Reeves Plains Smeaton... 225 Tokornairiro ... 360 Westwood ... 326 Ournie Reid's Creek 222 Smithfield(NSW) 149 ... 152 Westport ... 361 Overland.. Corner. 261 324 Tomago Oxley ... 220 Revolver Point „ (S.A.) 264 Tooloom ... 152 Whangarei ... 361 Reynella .,. 263 Smythesdale ... 225 Toonegbbi ... 229 White Hills ... 231 Paddington ... 144 Richinond(NSW; 147 Sofala ... 149 Whittlesea ... 231 Palmer (S.A.) 261 (V.) 222 Toorak ... 229 , (Q.) 323 Richmond Solferino ... 149 Toowoomba ... 325 Whroo ... 231 „ (Tas.) 301 Somerset ... 324 ... 302 Wickham ... 155 Palmerston ... 269 Riddell's Creek 222 Torquay... , (N. Z.) 358 Somerton ... 226 Torrens Wale ... 265 Wickliffe ... 231 145 Ringarooma ... 301 Somerville ... 226 Townsville ... 326 Wilberforce ... 155 Panibula Riverton ... 263 Sorrento ... 226 Wilcannia ... 155 Parkes - 145 (N.Z.) 359 Traralgon .. 229 145 Sorell ... 302 Trentham ... 229 William's River 282 Paramatta Robe Town ... 263 Southport (N.T) 269 302 Willianastown Parrots Hill 261 Robertson ... 147 Triabunna Parupa ... 220 St. Alban's ... 149 Trunkey Creek 152 (Viet.) 231 Rochester (S. A. ) 263 S. Barrow ... 226 Truro ... 265 „ (S. A.) 266 Paterson ... 145 „ (V.)... 222 ... 264 „ (N.S.W.) 156 Peel ... 145 _222 S. Petherton Tuena ... 152 261 Rochford S. Y arra ...... 226 Tumberumb,a ... 152 Willunga 266 Pekina Rockingham ... 281 Spring Grove 140 Winchelsea ... 232 Penguin... 301 Rockhampton .. 324 Tumby Bay ... 265 Penrith...... 145 Springs ... .,. 226 Tumut ... 152 Winslow ... 232 Penola... 261 Rockley .. 147 Springnurst ... 226 Tunbridge 302 Windeyer ... 156 Penshurst. ... 220 Rocky Mouth ... 147 Springsure ... 325 Tunkils ... 265 Windsor ... 156 Pentridge ... 220 Rocky River ... 147 Stanley ... 302 Ttu-on 153 „ (V.) 232 PercydaIe 220 Roeburne ... 281 Stanthorpe ... 325 Two Wells 265 Wingen ... 156 Rokeby 301 Stawell ... 227 229 Winglaarn ... 156 Perth ...... 281 Rokewood 222 Tylden Perth (Tas.) ... 301 Steelton ... 264 Ulladulla 153 Winton ,. ... 361 146 Roma ... 324 S teiglitz ... 227 Wisemana Ferry 156 Picton (N.S.W.) Romsey ... 222 Stirling N. ... 264 Ulmarra ... 153 Wistow ... 266 „ (N.Z.) 358 Rosenthal ... 263 Ulverstone 302 Wodon ga ... 232 Piggoreet ... 220 Stockport ... 264 Underdale ... 265 Plnjarrah ... 281 Roseworthy ... 263 Stockyard Creek 227 Wollombi ... 156 Rosedale ... 222 Strathfieldsaye 227 Unley 265 Wollongong ... 156 Pirron Yoloak 220 Rossj(Tas.) ... 301 Upper Dargo ... 229 ... 157 Pitt Town ... 146 Stratford ...,227 Uralla ... 153 Wombat Pitfield 220 „ ... 359 Strathalbyn ... 264 Woodburn ... 157 „ Creek 223 Strathmore 227 Urana 153 Woodchester ... 266 Point Macleay 261 Rouse Hill ... 147 Vaughan ... 229 ... 232 „ Sturt ... 261 Streaky Bay ... 264 Vegetable C. 153 Woodend Pontville._ 301 Rowland's Flat 263 Streatham ... 227 Wood ford ... 232 Roxburgh ... 359 Stroud ... 149 Victor Port ... 265 Woodhouselee ... 157 Porcupine Flat 220 Runnymede ... 223 Victoria (Tas.)... 302 Portarlington 220 Stuart Mill ... 228 Victoria Plains 282 Woodside (S.A.) 266 Portland .- 221 Rush worth 223 Sturt ... 264 Woodside(NSW.) 157 Russell's Creek 223 149 Violet Town ... 230 Wood's Point ... 232 Port Albert ... 220 Summerhill C. Virginia 265 „ Adelaide ... 261 Rutherglen. ... 223 Sunbury 228 Woonoona ... 157 „ Arthur ... 301 Rydal 148 Surat ...... 325 Wagga-Waggs.... 153 Woolsthorpe ... 232 Ryde ... 148 Sutton Forest ... 149 Wagonga ... 154 Woorndoo ... 232 ,, Augusta ... 262 Rylstone ... 148 ,, Chalmers... 359 Swan ...... 281 Wahgunyah ... 230 Wybong ... 157 ,, Cygnet 301 Saddleworth 263 Swan Hill ... 228 Wahring ... 230 Wynyard ... 302 „ Elliott 262 Salisbury ... 263 wansea ... 302 Waikouaiti 360 „ Lenapriere 301 Sale ... 223 Switzers ... 360 Waimate 360 Yaamba ... 326 „ Lincoln 262 Sandergrove ... 263 Sydney ... 149 Waitahuna ... 360 Yackandandah 232 „ Macdonnell 262 Sandford ... 223 Walcha ... 154 Yandoit 233 ,, Macquarie 146 Sandgate 324 Tabulam ... 150 Walgett .,. 154 Yan Yean ... 233 „ Pirie 262 Sandhurst ... 223 Taieri ...360 Walhalla ... 230 Yankalilla ... 266 „ Victor ... 262 Sandridge 224 Talbot ... 228 Wallan Wallan... 230 Vass ... 157 , Wakefield. 262 Sandy Bay ... 302 Talisker...... 264 Wallerawang ... 154 Yea ... 233 Prahran . 221 Sandy Creek (V.) 224 Tallarook ... 228 Wallsend ... 154 Yengarie ... 326 Preston ... „. 221 „ (S. A.) 263 Tambo...... 323 Wallaroo ... 265 Yetman ... 157 Prospect (N.S.W )146 St. Arnaud (V.) 226 Tambaroora ... 150 Wammerawa ... 154 York ... 282 „ V. (S.A.) 262 „ Bathans ... 361 Tamworth 151 Wandandian ... 154 Young ... 157 Pyaloug... ._ 221 „ George 5 Tangil ... 228 Wangaratta ... 230 Yudanamutana 267

INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS

Note.—All the Advertisements, with the exception of those on coloured paper, and the special ones facing Indices, etc., are paged at the bottom. Dy. is contrac- tion for Directory.

PAGE. PAGE. Barwell, Son, & Fisher, cold. Carr & Sons ...... 150 A. xiii. Cary, W. 190 Bate, Murton & Co...... 194 Castelberg, Petitpierre & Co. PAGE. Baum, Jacques & Co. Dy. 17 Dy. 53 Acton & Borman ...... 262 Baume, C. .., Dy. 51 Cattell, J. R. & Co. ... 189 Adams' Patent Small Arms... 1,2 Beach & Barnicott Dy. 85 Cawthorne, W. A. & Co. ... 204 Adamson, Wm...... 154 Beddow, B. & Son ... Dy. 13 Chard, W. H. & Co...... 197 Adelaide Marine and Fire Beckman Bros. ... Dy. 35 Christen, W. A, Co. ... 225 Assurance Co. ... 131 Berens & Seligmaun ... 196 Chubb & Son ... Dy. 23 Age and Leader ' 161 Berkley & Taylor ... 238 City of Melbourne Bank ... 127 Alexandra Times' 167 Berry, F. & Sons ... 261 „ Bank, Sydney ... 173 Allen, Joseph ... 208 Bird, Charles ... 150 Clarence Hotel ... 231 Allerding, F. & Son ...... 190 Blair's Gout Pills ...... 264 Clark, Rennick & Co. Dy. 4 Allnutt, F Dy. 280 Blackburn, Johnson, & Co. Clayton & Shuttleworth 145 Allott, W. D. Dy. 89 col. xix. Clough, J. H. & Co...... 153 Alston & Brown, coloured Bond, C. B...... 194 Chines Guardian ' .., 164 interleaved. Boothby, J. Gilbert ...... 226 Coats, J. & P...... 271 American Watch Co. Dy. 63 Border Post' ... 200 Colac, Herald ... 168 ' Ararat & Pleasant Creek Boston Guardian' 273 Collins, F. N...... 192 Advertiser' ... 170 Bowen, Wm. ... 153 Collis Browne's Chlorodyne Arbenz, Adolph, cold. intrlvd. Brabant & Co...... 243 Dy. 61 Archer, D. C...... 142 Bradshaw's Guide' ...... 164 Colton, J. & Co...... 234 Armour, Robt. & Co. .. 241 Brandauer, C. & Co. Dy. 11 Comml. Bank, Sydney 174 & 175 Arnoldi, J. & R. ... 239 Brick-making machinery, C. Conisbee and Sons 4 Australasian Steam Joinery Whittaker & Co...... 259 Cooke, T. & Sons ... 256 Works ...... 154 Brinsmead, J. & Sons, cold.lxv. 'Cornwall Chronicle' 247 Australian Dye Works ... 186 Brisbane City Auction Mart 245 Cornwall Fire & Marine Ins. ' Australian Medical Jour- Briscoe, & Co...... 149 nal ' ... 164 Bristol Daily Post' ...... 274 Corrawa Free Press ...... 200 Australian Joint-Stock Bank „ Mercury' 274 Cottrell, T. L...... 211 176 & 177 Britannia Fire & Life Asso. Dy. 99 Crane, G. E. & Son ...... 196 „ 'and N.Z. Gazette' 273 Brodie, Conder and , Turner, Crosbee, Thos. & Sons ... 253 „ Steam Nay. Co. 183 coloured interleaved. Australian Packets, Thames Brookes, H. C. ... Dy. 77 and Mersey Line ... 274 Brookes, W. & Sons ...... 256 D. `Australasian' & 'Sketcher' 162 Brown, D. L. & Co...... 240 Australian Widows Fund ... 163 Brown, Jas. A. ... 194 `Daily Southern Cross ... 284 Avoca Mail' 182 Brown and Poison 6 ' Daily Telegraph,' Melb. ... 162 Ayling, Edward ... Dy. 79 Brown & Thompson ...... 223 Danks, John ...... 150 Brown & Wood ...... 221 Davies Bros. Galvanized Iron Buckland, John F. ... 244 Dy. 101 B. Buik, W. C., & Co. Dy. 89 Davis & Henwood ...cold. xvii. Bullard, Joseph, colrd. end of Dawson Bros...... cold. viii. Bacchus Marsh Express' 171 book. Day, Son & Hewett ... Dy. 21 Bank of South Australia ... 207 Butchard, J. Hawkins ... 191 Deane, Jas. & Co...... 133 „ Adelaide ...... 205 Butler, Bros...... 246 Deed, J. S., & Sons ... Dy. 75 Barlow, Thos. & Sons ... 218 Burrangong Argus' ...... 200 Dempsey, M. J . ... 198 Barnett, E. & Co. ... 239 Denton & Jutsum cold. xxiii, Dietz & Co. ... Dy. 158 Barnett, Son, & Foster, cold. C. interleaved Dinwiddie, Morrison & Co. 248 Barron, Squire & Co. Dy. 69 Callaghan & Son colrd. iv. Dobbie, A. J. ... .,. 215 Bartels, A., & Meyet...... 229 Camperdown Chronicle ' ... 166 Dollond & Co.... facing pref. 2 Bartleet & Sons ... 257 Carmichael, L. ... 239 Domeier & Co..., ... 260 12 INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.

PAGE. PAGE. PAGE. Donaldson, Andrews & Shar- Gordon & Graham ...... 195 J. land ...... 231 Gordon, W. & Co...... 211 Doolette, G. P. ... 209 Government Emigration to James, John, & Sons ... 272 Downing, J. S. ... Dy. 37 N. S. W. 276 Jamieson, J. A. ... 219 Dresden Insurance Co. ... 128 Goulburn Valley Advocate' 167 Jefferies & Malings cold. vii. Dublin Univ. Magazine' ... 277 Grafton Argus ' ... 203 Johnson, T...... 227 Dudgeon & Amen ... 145 Green & Co...... 143 Johnson, Clark & Co. Dy. 4 Dunfermline Sat. Press' ... 274 Green, J. J...... 227 Johnston & Furniss ... 229 Greenham & Co...... 245 Jones & Co...... 196 Griffiths & Browett... Dy. 75 Jor, Tack, Tong & Co. ... 195 E. Grimaud & Co's. Cards Dy. 85 Groth, H. H. ... 196 Eastern and Australian Mail Gurr, Joshua 234 K. Steam Co. Bright Bros. ... 134 Kaines, J. H. 226 East Charlton Tribune ... 168 Kapunda Herald' ... 235 Edwards, John & Co. ... 263 H. Keith, W. ... 240 Eitzen, J...... 218 Keep & Parsons ... 192 ` Elder Line,' Trinder, An- Hackett, E. & IV. ... 222 Hamilton Spectator ' ... 169 Kendall, Minshall & Co. col. xxii. derson & Co. Dy. 73 Kiama Reporter' ... 202 Elder, Smith & Co. ... 224 Hammond, C. & Co. ... Dy. 29 Harrison, T. S. & Co. ... 155 Klemm, F. C. & Co...... 156 Elliott Bros...... 270 Klisser, C. L. ... 215 Ellis, Joseph & Co...... 163 Harris, G. P., Scarfe & Co.... 99 Harris, S. & H. ... 16 Kiss, George ... 190 Emigration Papers' ... 275 Kitchen, J. & Son ... 159 Eng., Scot., & Aust. Char- Harrold Bros. Dy. 93 tered Bank ... 124, 206 Hart, A. & J., page ii..of wrapper Hart, G. H. 246 Epps & Co. colrd., end of book L. & outside wrapper. Harwitz, L. & L. Son Dy. 27 European Hotel—J. Voges 238 Hastings, Cunningham & Laidley, Wm. & Co. ... 185 European Mail' ... 16** Lake & Reynolds ... Evans & Wormull Dy. 15 IIawken & Vance ...... 196 Lamplough's Pyretic Saline Eve James ...... 190 Hay, Hann & Co...... 223 Dy. 55 Evelyn Observer' 167 Hay Standard' ... 202 Lancefield Chronicle, 166 Hayman, P. & Co...... 153 Lande, W. J. & Co. ... „. 146 Henfrey, W. G...... 194 Langley, R. ... ,. 197 Henningsen, H. P...... 171 F. `Launceston Examiner' 247 Hepburn & Gale ... cold. xxiii. Lawrence, Clark & Co. San Falk, P. & Co...... Dy. 89, 147 Hieronimus, IV. Dy. 45 & 47 Franc tsco Route ... —.271 Fallon's Prize Wines 159 Hodgkiss, John & Co. ... 210 Learmonth, Dickinson & Co. 194 Faulding, F. H. & Co. Dy. 95 Holden, J. A. & Co. Dy. 97 Leistikow & McMinn ... 195 Feldheim, Jacobs & Co. 144 Holmes, W. H. & Co. . . 234 Levey, Oliver ...... 144 Feltham & Co. ... 19 Holtermann, B. 0. & Co. ... 197 Lezard & Son ... Dy. .41 Fenwick & Scott ... 238 ' Home News' ...... 272 Lilly, J. & Co. Dy. 81 & 83 Hopgood & Co...... 261 Ferry, Dornwell & Co. 228 Lloyd & Son ...... 139 Fleming, A. B. 280 Hopkinson & Cope ...... 265 London and Lancashire Fire 131 Hopkins, F...... 246 Flint, W. T, ... 224 London Char. Bk. of Australia 130 Fowler, D. & J. ... Dy. 95 Horn & Petersen ...... 197 Hounsell & Co. Longmore, Francis ... 164 Franks, Henry ...... 164 ...... 257 Lord & Hughes ...... 152 Freeman's Chlorodyne cold.xviii. Howard, Mapplebeck & Co.. 250 Lorimer, Marwood &. Rome 220 Fry & Sons Cocoa ...... 269 Hubbuck, T. & Son ... Dy. 77 Lowe, Charles and Co. Hudson and Hopwood ... 249 261 Hudson and Sherwin .. 249 Hufton, Shaw & Co. ... 146 G. Hunter, Stevenson & Co. ... 95 M. Gall, W. W. ... Dy. 97 Hunter, W. C...... 199 Galvanizing Works ...... 191 Hutton & Co. Dy. 33 Mackenzie, G. B. ... 184 Gay, P. Hyde & Co...... 267 McCall, D. ... 186 Gee, Ick ... 195 McCulloch and Co...... 140 Genders, Jos. C. & Co. ... 230 McEwan, Jas. & Co...... 151 General Insurance Co. ... 128 I. `MeIvor Times ' ... 165 Gilchrist, Stubbs & Weston 189 M`Lean Bros. & Rigg Dy. 57 Gillott, Joseph Dy. 61 ' Illustrated Australian News' 161 McNiven and Cameron Dy. 276 Gipps Land Mercury ' ... 171 Illustrated Sydney News '... 202 Macintosh, Charles and Co. ii. Gipps Land Standard '... 170 Illawarra Mercury ' 03 (wrapper) Goldsborough, R. & Co. - ... 160 Improved Water Filter ... 266 Maddock, William ... 182 Gordon & Gotch Ingle's Printing Machine Dy. 87 Main, A. J. & Co. ... cold. xxx. 85, 182, 186, 199, 245 249, 278, Ive & lye ... 217 Main & Geyer ... 216 279, 280. Ivory, Henry A. & Co. cold. xii. `Mansfield Guardian' ... 165

INDEX' TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 18

PAGE. PAGE. PAGE. Marks, H. and Son ... Dy. 264 Oriental Bank Corporation... 126 Rats ! Rats ! Rats ! 263 Martin, Arthur ... 245 Osborne, S. & S. ... 157 Ranford H. H...... 209 Martin, John ... 219 011ernstraw, John ... 187 Read, Charles ... 188 Mason, D. and Sons ... 260 On, Chong & Co...... 195 Renard Bros. and Co. ... 142 Mason, Firth, and Co. ... 138 Ovens & Murray Advertiser' 169 Richardson, Richard 254 Mason's Musical Novelties Dy. 29 `Oxford Journal' ... 263 Richmond River Express ... 203 Mather's Feeding Bottle ... 10 Rigby's Council Club and Mayfield, S. & Son Dy. 99 Commercial Hotel ...... 145 Melbourne Lead Works ... 147 Rinamel, Eugene ,.. Dy. 23 Melbourne Savings' Bank ... 124 Riponshire Advocate' 168

Melliday, J. & T. ... 169 Pacific Fire & Marine Ins. Ritchie, John ... 187 Robin, James & Co...... 226 `Methodist Journal '... 235 Mercury'—Tasmania 247 Pacific Mail SS. Co...... 136 Roche's Herbal Embroca- Middlemore, W. Dy. 75 Padman and Co...... 233 tion ... Dy. 43 Miller; T. 246 Parkin, J. W. ... 217 Bodes, W. & T. ... 229 Miller and Richard - ... 276 Parr, James Hamilton 228 Rooke, Dr., coloured page at Millington, J. J. ... Dy. 69 Peacock, W. and .Son ... 232 end. Mills & Waine, cold. xiii. Peate & Harcourt ... 194 Rowatt and Sons ... Dy. 9 Milne, Wm. Junr. ... 231 Permewan, Hunt & Co. 152 Royal Insurance Co...... 128 Milward, Henry & Sons Dy. 7 Peters, D...... 192 Molony, M...... 193 Pfahlert's Family Hotel ... 199 Ss. Money, Wigram & Sons, All- Phillips, Albert ...... 260 port & Morgan ...... 135 Phillips, G. & Co. ... Dy. 9 St. Arnaud Mercury' 170 Money, Wigram, W. Siddeley Plummer & Owen ... .. 189 Sanderson, Francis .. 229 & Co...... 134 P. & 0. Co. ... cold. xx. Sanders, John Stuart ... 230 Monnery, W. ... Dy. 275 P. & 0. Co., Melbourne ... 133 Schilds, J. C. C...... 171 Moi.gan, Win. & Co...... 208 Port, James & Co...... 155 Scott, Dawson and Stewart 239 Moodie & Monro ... 194 Powell & Bishop cold. xii. Scott, James & Son ... 215 `Mortlake Dispatch ' ... 170 Powell, J. M...... 267 Scottish Highland Oil ... 198 Moore, Geo. & CO. ... 193 Pratt, W. & Son ... 213 Selig, M., jun. and Co. ... 268 MosS, Henry, Steam Tugs ... 135 ' Protestant Advocate' ... 235 Shaw, G, ... 230 Moss, White & Co...... 156 Pritchard, W. 187 Siebe and Gorman 15 Midler, F. & Co...... 59 Priestman,W. D. & Co., ENGI- Simpson, A. & Son ... 210 Munro, David and Co., cold. iii. N PERS ...... 258 Simpson, Henry ...... 225 Muirhead, Henry ...... 222 Propert's Harness Composi- Simpson, W. H. ... 194 Myers & Cantor ..-. tion ... Dy. 13 Sinclair, J. M. Son & Smith 210 Publishers :— Singleton's Eye Ointment Dy. 79 Bembrose & Sons xxxvii. Skidmore, Wm. ... 255 N. Chambers, W. 11. xxxviii.-ix. Smith & Chamberlain cold. x. xi. Chatto & Windus xxxvi. Smith, Charles .., ... 253 National Agricultural La- Smith, Ferguson & Co. ... 156 bourers' Chronicle ' ... 277 Griffith & Farrow cold. xxi. Hodder & Stoughton cold. v. Smith, G. H. ... 199 National Bank of Australasia 125 Smith, H. H...... 277 Insurance Co. of Moxon, E. Son & Co. xxxv. Sampson, Low & Co. xxxiii. Smith, Dr. L. L. ... 172 Australasia ...... 128 Smith & Mannell ... 191 National Mut. A ssurance 124 Tinsley Bros. xxxiv. Ward, Lock & Tyler xxxv. Solomon, E. H. ... cold. iv. Nelson Evening Mail' ... 248 `South Australia' 204 Newton, Christopher, Bros. South Australian Ins. Co. 132 and Co. ... Dy. 71 Southern Argus ' S.A. ... 235 Nicholson & Ascherberg Dy. 59 Q. „ (Goulburn) 202 Niebour, W. .Dy. 99 JP Queen Insurance Co. ... 180 Spicer Bros...... 277 Nitschke, W. Dy. 93 Stacy, J. S. & Sons ... Noltenius, H. & Co...... 209 Queensland National Bank 237 216 Queensland Gov. Savings Bk, 236 Standard Life Assurance Co. 278 `Northern Argus,' S.A. ... 174 Statham, W. E. North Kapunda Hotel ... 233 Quinlan and Co. ... 242 ... Dy. 67 Norwich Union Fire Insur. Stanley, W. F. ... Dy. 25 Society Standard Fire & Marine Ins...... 129 Comp ... 181 N.S.W. Bank 178, 179 R. „ Steane, Hoile & Co. ... 157 Emigration ... 278 Rabone, Feez and Co. ... 184 Steiner, R...... 233 „ Shale Oil Comp. ... 192 Radford, Win. ... 157 Steinfield, E. 148 Raff, George and Co. ... 240 Stevens' Ointment ... 262 Ransomes and Sims,coloured Stewart, Robert ...... 139 0.. pages ... xxiv. to xxix. Storer, D. & Sons ... Dy. 65 Oakes, E. W. and Co. ... 254 Ramsay, J. G. & Co. ... 208 Stuart, C...... 155 Oliver, R...... 238 Randall & Wickes ... cold. xiii. Stubbs & Taylor ..• ... 139 14 INDEX TO ADTERTISEMENTS.

PAGE. PAGE. PAGE Sunday Times' Dy. 77 U. Weekly Examiner ... 247 Sun Kum On ...... 195 Ullathorne & Co. ... 157 Weekly Mail' (South Wales) 273 Sun Kum Tiy ... 195 & cold. xvi. „ Times' (Melb.) ... 162 Swallow & Ariell ... 136 Ullmer, Fredk. ...colrd. xiv. Week,' The ... 244 Sydney Mail '...... 201 Union Bank of Australia ... 123 Welch & Co. ... colrd. xl. Sydney Echo' ... 201 United Insurance Co. (Melb.) 128 Western Mail' (South Wales) 273 Whight & Mann cold. xxxii, Sydney Morning Herald ' ... 201 PO „ „ (Sydney) 180 Sydney, Tin Smelting Works 199 Universal Marine Ins. Co. ... 206 White & Bishop ...... 223 Synnot, Monckton ... 139 Whybrow's Popular Relish... 264 Whyte, Counsell, & Co. ... 234 Wigfall, John & Co. ... Dy. 71 V. Wigg, R. H. Dy. 91 T. Vickery, James ...... 196 Wilcock, B. & J. ... Dy. 61 Williams, E. H...... 197 Victoria Fire & Marine Ins. Tallerman, S.D. & L. A. ... 141 Co. ... Dy. 131 Willis, T. R. ... Dy. 17 Wills, G. & R., & Co. ... 214 Tarnworth Examiner' ... 203 Virginia Tobacco Manuf. Co. 145 Tankard's Temperance Hotel 163 Vosz, H. L. ... 212 Wilson & Cunningham ... 196 ... 165 Wolfe, Abel & Co...... 187 Tarrangower Times' `Tasmanian' ... 247 Wood, Gilbert ...... 232 Tate, Frederick ...... 142 Woodman, Joseph 253 W. Wood, Younger & Co. ... 191 Taylor, Enoch & Co...... 187 Tegg, William ... 277 Wagga Wagga Express ' ... 200 Worms, M.A. .. Dy. 273 The Telegraph,' Brisbane ... 244 Wainwright, J. J. & Co. Wright & Butler ...... 251 Thomas, H. (Guide Books) ... 137 coloured interleaved Wright, John & Co. ... Dy. 32 Thomas, J. T...... 142 Wanganui Chronicle ' 248 Thompson, A. &. Co. ... 193 Want, T. V. & Co...... 192 Thompson, T. J...... 193 Ward, M. 244 Y. Thomson's Concentrated Ex- Ward & Payne...... cold. ix. Young, Geo. ... 218 tracts ... Dy. 11 Ward, Joseph, & Co...... 182 York's Magic Lantern Slides Thomson, W. S. & Co. Dy. 31 Warner, J. & Sons ... Dy. 71 Dy. 85 Threlkeld, L. E...... 193 Warrn-imbool Standard' .. 171 Thorowgood & Steinberg Dy. 71 Warrnambool Examiner' ... 168 Tin, War & Co...... 195 Watson, Gow & Co. ... cold. vi. Z. Toiray, Gustave cold. xxxi. Watson, John ... 185 Zair, G. & J...... 260 Tolley, J. & W...... 252 We513 & Son ... 256 Toolamba Telegraph' ... 167 Webster & Co...... 245 Zeal, W. Austin ... 141 Tolley, Albron E. "...... 209 Webster, J. & Co. ... Dy. 91 98

COLONY OF NEW SOUTH WALES. NEW SOUTH WALES was the name given by Captain Cook, in 1770, to that portion of Australia discovered by him, from its real or fancied resemblance to the configuration of South Wales. The expedition of which he was chief left England in 1768, in the ship Endeavour, a small vessel of 350 tons. In September, 1769, New Zealand was sighted ; and in April of the following year a point of land at the southern extremity of the continent was discovered, which received the name of Point Hicks. From this point the course steered by the Endeavour was north-east ; soon afterwards Cape Howe was discovered and named, and also several other prominent points on the coast. Two or three days later Botany Bay was discovered, a landing effected, and posses- sion taken in the name of the King. On the 6th of May Port Jackson was passed and named,. but not entered, under the belief that it was only a boat harbour. The closing of the American colonies as a place of transportation for felons, caused the British Government to look abroad for another locality to serve as a penal settlement ; and the favourable report brought by Captain Cook of Botany Bay, decided the Government on selecting this spot as the expatriated convict's future abode. The first fleet of convict ships, consisting of H. M. S. Sirius and Supply, three storeships—the Golden Grove, Fishburn, and Borrowdale—and six transports, named respectively the Scar- borough, Lady Penrhyn, Friendship, Charlotte, Prince of Wales, and Alexander, left England on May 13th, 1787, and anchored in Botany Bay on the 20th January of the following year. The expedition was under the command of Captain Arthur Philip, and comprised 757 convicts, of whom 192 were women and 18 children, and also a detachment of 200 soldiers, of whom 40 were officers. The fleet conveyed one bull, four cows, one calf, one stallion, three mares and three colts, some sheep, goats and pigs, and plants or seals of coffee, cocoa, cotton, banana, orange, lemon, guava, taut- rind, prickly pear, rose-apple, ipecacuanha, and jalap ; also fig-tree, sugar- cane, bamboo, Spanish reed, and various varieties of the vine, the apple, the pear, the quince, the strawberry, the oak, and the myrtle. The country in the immediate neighbourhood of the landing-place was found to be utterly unsuitable for settlement, and in a short time the whole party was transferred to the more promising shores of Port Jackson, where, on the 26th January, the British standard was raised, and the foundation of the important colony of New South Wales laid. Captain Philip of course became the first Governor of the embryo settlement. The early diffi- culties of these motley settlers were occasioned by the scarcity of provisions, and at one period the colony was almost at starvation point ; but in a little time sufficient progress was made in tilling the land to make the colonists in some measure iudep ,n,lent of outside help. In Decem- ber, 1792, Captain P ilip ceased to be Governor, and the affairs of the colony were managed by Lieutenant Governer Grose. to whom succeeded Captain Paterson. In 1795 Governor Hunter became the head of the settlement ; during his rule and that of his successor, Captain King, the colony greatly alvanced in every way, and Sydney began to assume some of the features of a city. In 1806 Captain Bligh, formerly Lieutenant Thigh of the Bounty, succeeded to the office of Governor, hue after a stormy rule of a few months only, was deposed by a powerful section of the colonists and shi Aped hack to England. Mak r-Gemeral. Macquarie took office in 1810, and during his twelve years regime the progress of the colony was of a steady and permanent. character. Sir T. Brisbane succeeded Major-General Macquarie in the Governorship of New South Wales, and held the reins of office till 1825, when he was succeeded by Lieutenant-General Darlin g, who was Governor for nearly site years. At the expiration of his term of service, Sir R. Bourke be- came the viceregal representative. During his time the imports amounted to £945,127, and the exports to i;,.130,081 annually. At the same period the estimated population was 76,793 persons, of whom 25,254 males and 2,577 females were convict. Sir George Gipps held office from 1833 to 1840, being succeed-,1 by Sir Charles Fitzroy. During the Governorship of Sir George Gipps a despatch was re •eived from the Imperial Government, enclosing the Constitution Act, 5 & 6 Viet. cap. 70, by virtue of which a Legislative Council was constituted, partly elective, partly non-elective, electoral J istricts were constituted, and a tolerably liberal measure of self-govern- ment was conce e l ,o the colony. A few months after the arrival of Sir Charles Fitzroy, a despatch was received ft wit Mr. Gladstone, then Secret try of State for the Colonies, notifying to the Legislative C,,unci, the wish of her Majesty that the renewal of the system of transportation should he favou•ahly .•on,idered. This despatch threw the colonists into a state of the greatest. excitement ; and on the 11th June, 1849, (the ship Hash emy having arrived at Port Jackson on the 8th, with 212 ut.tt •onvicts on board, ) a great public meeting was held on the Circular Quay to indignantly Protest agamst their landing, and after a severe struggle with the Governor and

178 VICTORIA.

PARLIAMENT OF VICTORIA, LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL. Thirty Members. Six Provinces. 24,930 Electors. PRESIDENT —Sir William Henry Fancourt Mitchell. £1,000. CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEES—Hon. Caleb Joshua Jenner. £400. Members take the title of Honourable. Central Province...A'Becket, Thos. Turner, Western Province. Black, Neil, , Cole, George Ward, Simpson, Robert, „ Graham, James, Sir Chas. Siaden, K.C.B. Sargood, Frederick Thomas, Bromell, Thos., „19 Sumner, Theodotus John. Wilson, Sir Samuel. South Province ...John Buchanan, North Western} Campbell, William, , Bear, John Pinney, Province Fitzgerald, Nicholas, Balfour, James, J. H. Abbott, „71 Dobson, Frank Stanley, Mitchell, Sir Wm. H. Fancourt, Hamilton, Thomas E. Robertson, Francis. South Western 1 Cumming, John, Eastern Province.. . Anderson, Robert Stirling, Province j Henty, James, Highett, William, Jenner, Caleb Joshua, 5 Murphy, Sir Francis, Cuthbert, Henry, Wallace, John Alston, Belcher, Geo. Frederick. 7 Wilson, William. LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. Seventy-eight Members. Forty-nine Districts. 164,250 Electors. Eighth Parliament. Opened May 19, 1874. SPEAKER—Hon. Sir Charles MacMahon. £1,500. CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEES—B. G. Davies. £800. Ararat (2) Gaunson, David, Grant South (3) Levien, John Felix. McLellan, William. Grenville (2) Clarke, William, Avoca (2Y Davies, Benjamin George, , Lock, R. H. Grant, Jas. McPherson. Kilmore (1) Hunt, Thos. Ballaarat East (2) James, John, KynetonBoroughs(1)Young, Charles. McDermott, Townsend. Maldon (1) Service, James. 13allaarai' West (2) Fincham, Richard, Mandurang (2) Casey, James Joseph, Smith, Major Wm. Collard. Moore, Thompson. Belfast (1) Wrixon, Henry John. Maryborough (2) Fraser, William, Bourke East (2) Godfrey, Frederick Race, ,, Gillies, Duncan. Ramsay, Robert. Melbourne East (2)Cohen, Edward, Bourke East Bo- " Coppin, George Selth. roughs (1) 5 Cooke, W. M. Melbourne North(2)Munro, James, Bourke South (2) . .Crews, John Branscombe, 7, Curtain, John. Smith, George Paton. Melbourne West (•)Langton, Edward, Bourke ii'est (3) .. .King, Mark Last, MacMahon, Sir Charles. Riddell, John Carrc, Mornington (1) Purves, J. L. Smith, John Thomas. Murray (1) Witt, William. Brighton (1)...... Bent, Thomas. MurrayBoroughs(1)Hanna, Patrick. Castlemaine (3) .. .Farrell, James, Normanby (1) Cope, Thomas. Patterson, Jas. Brown, Ovens (2) Kerferd, George Briscoe, Walker, Robert. Smith, George Verney. Collingwood (3) ...Tucker, Albert Lee, Polwarth' and S. Langridge, G. D., Grenville (1) 5'. Connor, Joseph Henry. Mirams, James. Portland (1) Must, Thomas. CreswielZ(2) Richardson, Richard, Richmond (2) Bosisto, Joseph, Stewart, James Syme. Inglis, Robert Scott. Crowlanas (2) Campbell, Colin, Woods, John. Riponden and(1) Harnp- Longmore, Francis. Dalhousie (1) Duffy, John Gavan. Rodney (1) Fraser, Simon. Dundas (1) MacPherson, John Alex. Sandhurst (2) Burrowes, Robert, Emerald Hill (1) Whiteman, John. Mackay, Angus. Evelyn (1) Cameron, Ewen Hugh. Sanclridg"e (1) Thomas, David. Geelong East (2) Garratt, John Masters, St. Kilda (2) Dixon, E. J., Kernot, Chas. Smith, Robert Murray. Geelong'iVest (2) Berry, Graham, Villiers and Hey- ) Bayles, William, Johnstone, Robert de Bruce. tesbury (2) 5 Jones, Joseph. GippsLand North(1)Duffy, Sir Charles Gavan. Gipps Land South(1)Mason, Francis Conway. Warrnambool (1) ...McCulloch, Sir James. Grant South (3) Hopkins, John Rout, Williamstown (1)...Clark, Alfred Thomas. Lalor, Peter, Wimmera (1) McBain, James.

OFFICIAL DEPARTMENTS IN VICTORIA. Clerk of the Parliaments and Legislative Council—G. W. Rusden. £1,000. Clerk to Legislative Assembly—John Barker. £1,000. Serjeant-at-Arms—W. G. Palmer £450. Clerk of Committee and of Private Bills—G. H. Jenkins. £500 Parliamentary Librarian—W. Dopping. 1508 6s. 8d= Government Shorthand Writer—J. H. Webb. £600. 246 SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

OFFICIAL DEPARTMENTS IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA. CHIEF SECRETARY'S OFFICE. Architect, G. T. Light. £500. Superintendent of Traffic Railways, F. Calf. £410. King William Street. Accountant of Railways, J. B. Hack. £400. Chief Secretary, Hon. Sir H. Ayers. £1,000. Superintendent of Tramways, Strathalbyn, W. N. Under Secretary, J. Boothby, J.P. £800. Wauhope. £220. Superintendent of Tramways, Port Wakefield, Joseph AUDIT OFFICE. Hardy. £220. Auditor-General, E. W. Hitchin, J.P. £900. Assistant Auditor-General, G. A. Fesenmeyer. EDUCATION AND AGRICULTURE. £450. Minister, Hon. E. Ward. £1,000. Chief Clerk, Jas. Snell. £390. SOUTH AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE. POLICE DEPARTMENT. Chairman, L. Clyde. Commissioner of Police, G. Hamilton, J.P. £700. Secretary, Robert Kay. Chief Inspector, W. Searcy, J.P. £390. Librarian, R. S. Benham. Curator of Museum, F. G. Waterhouse. POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT. Postmaster-General and Superintendent of Tele- MISCELLANEOUS. graphs, Charles Todd, C.M.G. £950. Superintendent of Letter Branch and Inspector of Government Resident of Northern Territory, E. W. Stamps, H. L. Hurst. £395. Price. £1,000. Deputy Postmaster-General and Assistant Superin- Secretary to Government Resident, J. G. Knight_ tendent of Telegraphs, Edward Squire. £450. £500. Chief Gold Fields Warden, J. A. Plunkett. £350. Registrar-General of Births, Deaths, and Marriages, MINISTER OF EDUCATION AND AGRI- J. F. Cleland. £500. CULTURE. Registrar-General (Lands Titles), W. B. T. Andrews, Minister, Hon. E. Ward. £1,000. £750. Deputy Registrar-General, W. B. Carter. Secretary, Geo. E. De Mole. £450. £550. Second ditto, E. J. Heath. £425. Immigration Agent and Health Officer, H. Duncan, M.D. £250. CENTRAL BOARD OF EDUCATION. Chief Inspector of Sheep, C. J. Valentine. £450. Flinders Street. Stipendiary Magistrate and Commissioner of Insol- vency, Adelaide, H. E. Downer. £1,000. Chairman, John A. Hartley. Police Magistrate, Adelaide, S. Beddome. £600. Inspectors of Schools : E. Dewhirst. £450. J. Hos- Curator of Intestate Estates, H. A. Wood. £250 and king. £380. T. Burgan, C. L. Witham, B.A., and fees. L. W. Stanton. Director of Public Gardens, Dr. Schomburgh. £550. Secretary to Board of Education, J. Bath. £280. Warden Gold Fields, J H. Biggs. 1350. Vaccination Officer, R. T. Wylde. £300. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. Senior House Surgeon, Adelaide Hospital, J. II.. Thomas, M.D. £400. Government Printer, William Caddy Cox. £550. Colonial Surgeon and Medical Officer, Lunatic Clerk and Accountant, E. Spiller. £350. Asylum, A. Paterson. £950. Chairman Destitute Board, T. S. Reed. £500. TREASURY. President Board of Health, C. Gosse. £600. King William Street. Superintendent of Cemeteries, H. E. Brookes. £270. Government Storekeeper, De N. Lucas. £220. Treasurer, Hon. R. D. Ross. £1,000. Protector Aborigines, Commissioner of Crown Under Treasurer, W. J. Sheppard. £700. Lands. Cashier, A. Heath. £450. Sub-Protector, Adelaide, E. Hamilton: £180. Chief Clerk, L. H. Sholl. £330. Secretary Central Road Board, John Mann. £450. Manager of Waterworks, H. Squires. £395. CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT. Inspector and Valuer of Runs, &c., Charles Bonney. £600. Collector of Customs, J. W. Lewis, J.P. £750. Deputy Collector, T. P. Addison. £500. JUDGES. Chief Justice, His Honor S. J. Way. £1,500. CROWN LANDS' OFFICE. Second Judge, His Honor E. C. Gwynne. £1,300. Third Judge, His Honor R. J. Stowe. £1,300. Commissioner of Crown Lands, Hon. J. Carr. £1,000. Secretary, E. W. Andrews. £600. LAW OFFICERS. Attorney-General, Hon. J. C. Bray. £1,000. SURVEYOR-GENERAL'S OFFICE. Secretary to the Attorney-General, Frederick J. Sanderson. £550. Flinders Street. Crown Solicitor and Public Prosecutor, R. B. An- Surveyor-General, George W. Goyder. £950. drews, Q.C. £800. Deputy, W. C. Gosse. £550. Sheriff and Returning Officer for the Province, William Robinson Boothby. £700. PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT. Master of the Supreme Court, W. Hinde. £750. Registrar and Chief Clerk, C. A. Wilson. £500. King William Street. Commissioner of Public Works, John Colton. £1,000. MARINE BOARD. Secretary, John Mann. £550. Engineer-in-Chief and Manager of Railways, H. C. President, R. H. Ferguson. £600. Math. £950. Secretary, G. S. Wright. £350. Assistant-Engineer, R. C. Patterson. £600. Harbour Master, Hugh Quin. £240. THE NORTHERN TERRITORY. 26 )

of an inch in diameter, and ictermediate, one inch, and the shore ends (twenty miles in length) three inches in diameter. For several months du t ing 187,i this cable was iuterrupte 1. PoruLAnON.—Estimated to be about 600 in all, of whom 200 are coolies. LAND SELECTIONS. —About 7,000 square miles of lard an•e held by intending selectors. The land surveyed approximates 653,000 acres ; of this 274,000 acr a have been selected, leaving 379,000 acres yet open for selection. Owing to the heat, difficulties are found through the impossibility of employing white labour at times, and to obviate this, some 200 Chinese coolies from Singapore have already been introduced under the auspices of the Government. Unfortunately, a large proportion of these hands proved useless, but others were good workmen and were proper care taken in the selection of such labourers they might be profitably employed. The prospects of the settlement are not so bright as could be wished, and there has been talk of abandoning the place altogether so far as the officials were con- cerned ; in any case the telegraphic staff would have to be retained.

OFFICIAL. Government Resident, E. W. Price. £1,000. Chief Warden of Goldfield, Secretary and Accountant, John George Knight. £350. £500. Senior Surveyor, Gilbert R. McMinn. E350. Surgeon and Protector of Aborigines, T. J. Hart. Clerk, Lan 1 office, D. L. Beetson. £30(1. £500. Inspector of Police, Paul Foelsche,. £280. Clerk of Local Court, George Donaldson, jun. £350. Agent for Ll )yds, John Lindsay

TOWNS IN THE NORTHERN TERRITORY. PALMERSTON, Port Darwin, the metropolis and survey Vfice. The place contains a branch of of the South Australian settlement in the northern the English, Scottish, and Australian Chartered territory, is situated on the eastern side of Port Bank, a Wes:ey in chapel and manse, a public hos- Darwin, on the peninsula dividing the main portion pital, postal, telegraph, and money-order office, of the harbour from Frances Bay, and terminating local and police-court ; also a circuit session (rf at Fort Point. It is in the county and police district the Supreme Court held twice a year, Six hotels — of the same name, hundred of Bagot, and electoral Telegraph, Royal, Exchange, Northern Territory, district of Flinders ; in S. fat 12' 27' 45", and long. Commercial, and Great Britain--two small schools, 130' 50 45" E., lying about 2,000 miles NNW. of Ade- the usual stores and shops, and a weekly Lewspaper, laide, from which a steamer—the Claude Hamilton— the Norther, TeerztoPy Tints and Gu,ette. The runs every two months, calling at Newcastle, N. S. Adelaide, Marine, and Mercantile Marine Insurance Wales. and Cooktown, Queensland, on the way up, Companies are represented by an agent. Population and at Cape York, Newcastle, and Melbourne, on the of town, about 2( 0. The entire area of the township is way down. The site of the city is a most eligible 800 acres, including roads and reserves. It embraces and healthy one for a tropical climate, being ab 043 allotments, eeeli being half an acre. Two steam sixty feet above the level of the sea, and almost sur- launches trade regularly, to Southport, ; fare, 10s. rounded by it. From the nature of the ground the SOUTHPORT is the nam 3 of an inland town heavy rains of the wet season run off into the about 24 miles south of Palmerston, and is placed on harbour immediately after falling, and so lessen the the banks of one of the aims running out of the danger of malaria. Cool breezes blow almost con- harbour of Port Darwin, and up a river cal'ed the stantly throughout the year, and so temper an otlie, Black-more. It in, in feet, situate 1 on a peninsula wise unbearable climate. The town, which is ad- formed by a junction of the river Darwin falling into mirably laid out, now possesses two or three embryo the /31ackmore at this particular point. This inland streets, which are kept in good order, and are being town has become a place of some importance since gradually improved by the Local District Council. the discovery of a large number of gold-bearing quartn Plain substantial buildings and stores, composed of reefs in the territory, it being the only available wood and iron, abound, and are occupied by trades- landing-place for machinery and stores for the de- men and others ; the South Australian Government velopment of the mines. A substantial jetty is now has also erected a few good stone buildings for public erected for the accommodation of shipping and purposes, comprising court-house, post-office, land lightering. Hotel—the Royal.

ADELAIDE, PORT DARWIN, AND LONDON TELEGRAPH Table showing the distance in miles from Adelaide of each station of the Port Darwin Line. Beltana 355 miles. Powell's Creek 1,-167 miles Strang-way Springs 545 „ Daly Waters... 1,603 Peake . 636 „ Katharine ... 1,771 Charlotte Waters ... SO4 „ Pine Creek ... 1,825 Alice Springs ... 1,036 „ Yam Creek ... 1,854 Barrow Creek 1,207 „ Southport ... 1,049 11 Tennant's Creek ... 1,154 „ Port Darwin... 1,011 280 TOWNS IN WEST AUSTRALIA.

They lie distant about 170 miles from Perth, S. a Freemasons' hall ; Government house, barracks, in Hotel, II. Trignell's. which are located an enrolled force of pensioners, a literary institute, and a lighthouse. There is also BRIDGETOWN, a small but rapidly in- an Episcopal church, and a Roman Catholic, Wes- creasing post town and money-order office on the leyan, and Congregational church and a Government Blackwood river, situated about 172 miles S. from school. The Bank of Western Australia and the Perth, and about 60 miles from Millbury. It is sur- National Bank have agencies in the town. The rounded by a fertile pastoral country, and bids fair principal hotels are the Crown and Thistle, Free- to become a place of importance. It contains a masons', and Emerald Isle. The latter is much church and schools. Communication with Perth is frequented by foreign visitors and the captains of rid 1311111mm where the monthly mail steamer can vessels. A new hotel, Cmesar's Pier, has been re- be taken. cently opened in a very convenient site in Cliff Street, BUNBURY, a post town, telegraph, money- at the west-end of the town, close to the jetties, Com- order, and Government savings' bank office, is the missariat, and Custom House. The press is repre- principal port of the southern districts, and is sented by the Frennt ntle He raid, published weekly, picturesquely situated at the mouth of the Les- and is the most extensively circulated newspaper in chenault inlet, in which debouch the Preston and the colony. The harbour accommodation has been Collie rivers with several smaller streams. The har- decried, but vessels provided with good ground- bour, know n as Koombanah Bay, is a tolerably safe tackle can ride out any gale coming from a northerly one, being sheltered from all but the nom th-westerly direction. These gales are the only ones which winds. A coral reef protects the entrance to the effect any damage to the shipping ; but as the bar, and might be made the foundation of a break- barometer is an infallible guide during the winter water. Bunbury is distant, by road, about 112 miles months when they prevail, vessels have ample time from Perth S. ; by sea from Fremantle it is distant to make for an excellent harbour of refuge which is 90 miles, and by road 100 miles. It is the capital of provided at Garden Island, about 12 miles distant. the district of Wellington, and a port for the shipment Surveys have been made, with a view to extensive of timber, sandal-wood, horses, and produce. Bun- harbour improvement. Rottnest Island, 14 miles bury contains an Episcopal church, Roman Catholic W. of Fremantle, is the marine residence of the church, a Congregational chapel, two schools, and a Governor. A native penal establishment and farm mechanics' institute. A wooden lighthouse, visible are established on Rottnest Island, where also are at a considerable distance, was erected in 1870. The the Government salt works, which are very remune- principal hotel is the Wellington, kept by Mr. I. F. rative. The Swan river is spanned by a fine wooden Spencer. Millbury is connected by telegraph wire bridge nearly 1,000 feet long—the work of Governor with Perth and Fremantle. It is the outlet to a Hampton. A bar of basaltic formation obstructs considerable tract of productive country, and pos- the mouth of the river. If this were removed a sesses a jetty nearly one-fourth of a mile in length, fine harbour in the river would be accessible for which affords facilities for the loading and discharge ships of any tonnage. Great expense has already of vessels. The mail steamer calls at this port. been incurred in the attempt, but, either from The agricultural statistics for 1872 were 3,722 acres defective engineering or other obstacles, with but under cultivation, principally for wheat crops ; 3,746 trifling success. Fremantle is the principal port of horses, 9,413 cattle, 35,914 sheep, and 806 pigs. the colony, and has a population of about 3,500. BUSSELTON, the capital of the agricultural GERALDTON, the chief port of the north, district of the Vesse, lies 30 miles farther S. than and the capital of the district of Champion Bay, lies Bunbury, and is consequently upwards of 140 miles on the western coast of the continent, about 300 from Perth. It is built in the centre of G3ographe miles NW. from Perth. The principal exports from Bay. A small river runs through the town and loses this district are wool, copper, and lead. The mines, itself in an estuary. A Ballarat company formed a though hitherto productive, have not been very re- sawing station here for jarrah wood in 1871. A con- munerative, but there is every prospect of capitalists cession of 2,000 acres of land for every mile of rail- turning their attention to their development. Gold. way they would construct to the timber forests was has been found at various times in small quantities, made them by Government. They made a railway and it is expected that sooner or later this district 12 miles long, erected saw-mills, a jetty, and other will prove richly auriferous. The climate is very buildings at Lockville, 5 miles from Busselton, but hot, and mild ophthalmia is often prevalent. Gerald- their operations have not been so advantageous as was ton is a post town, telegraph, savings' bank, and expected. Busselton is a post town, telegraph, and money-order office, and has a mechanics' institute, money-order office. The principal lintel is the Vasse. an Episcopal church, a Wesleyan chapel, a Roman The places of worship are an Anglin an and a Roman Catholic church, a school-house, and a court-house. Catholic church. 1 here is one school, and a me- It is under municipal Government. The principal chanics' institute. The mail steamer conveys the hotel is the Victoria. Banks—Western Australian mails to and from Fremantle and intermediate ports and a branch of the National Bank of Australia. once a month ; there is also a weekly mail overland. Population of district, 2,943. In the district, by the returns of 1874, there were 1,674 acres of land under CANNING, a small postal and money-order cultivation, wheat, barley, and oats being the prin- township, about 10 miles distant from Perth. An cipal crops. Of the first-named, 709 acres were sown. Episcopal church has been built here. The stock returns were 3,104 horses, 3,8S0 cattle, CHAMPION BAY. See G_ERALDTON. 106,704 sheep, and 725 pigs. The harbour is a safe DARDANDUP is a farming settlement com- and roomy one. This port has benefited more than posed almost exclusively of Irish families, about 12 any other, by the quick transit obtained for its pro- miles E. of Bunbury, and 124 miles S. of Perth. It duce, by the establishment of a coasting- steamer, contains a post and money-order office and a Roman which calls once a month. The railway to North- Catholic chapel. Perth is reached by conveyance to ampton will shortly be finished. Bunbury, thence the mail steamer. G-INGIN, a small post town and money-order DONGARRA, a post-office and telegraph sta- office about 70 miles N. of Perth, with an Episcopal tion,1 269 miles from Perth, with one school. , church. Hotels, Cockram's and Jones'. Communi- FREMANTLE is a municipal and Govern- ment savings' bank town, situated at the mouth of cation is ted Bindoon. the Swan river, 12 miles from Perth S.. with which GREENOUGH, a telegraph, savings' bank, there is mail communication twice daily ; there is and money-order office and post town in the Cham- also an electric wire between the two towns. The pion Bay district, 251 miles from Perth, N., is the, principal buildings are the ciinvict establishment ; centre of an agricultural and corn-growing country_ the Oddfellows' hall, which also serves as a town- It has a mechanics' institute, a Wesleyan chapel, and hall for municipal purposes and entertainments ; an Episcopal church. Communication with Perth is TOWNS TN NEW ZEALAND. 355

province. Ettrick is reached by coach from Milton of New Zealand, and National Bank of New Zealand. railway station ; fare, £2. Newspapers, the Argus and Evening Star, both daily; Weekly Argus and Weekly Press weekly. Hotels—Gil- GISBORNE, sometimes known as Poverty Bay, mer's, Oriental, and European. The district is all is a post-town and telegraph office in the province of Auckland, 250 miles SE. of the city of Auckland. It more or less auriferous. There are extensive agri- is the centre of a fine agricultural district, and is cultural settlements in the valley through which the rapidly growing in importance. There are some Grey river flows ; and 7 miles from the port there good buildings here ; the principal hotels are the are coal mines, to which a railway gives access. The Albion, Shamrock, and Royal. Newspapers—the population of the township, by the census of 1874, Standard and the Herald. Steamer communication was 2,551. with Auckland and the other provincial capitals. GREYTOWN, a money-order and telegraph Population, about 554. office and township (province of Wellington), about GRAHAMSTOWN, an important mining 51 miles NE. of the capital. Coaches run to and township on the Firth of Thames, situated about 50 from the Upper Hutt railway station daily. Hotels miles SE. of Auckland (province of Auckland), on an —the Greytown Arms, Rising Sun, Foresters' Arms, alluvial flat, with hilly ground in the vicinity. It and Hammerick's. There are an Episcopal and a takes its name from Robert Graham, who purchased Catholic church and also a Wesleyan chapel in the the site from the native owners. It is on the west- town, also two breweries. Any cause of trouble, so ern side of the Cape Colville peninsula, being about far as the Maori is concerned in this part of the 64 miles distant from the Cape itself. It is the North Island, appears to be removed. Newspaper, capital and emporium of the now well-known Thames Wariarupa Standard. Population, 479. gold-fields. It is well laid-out, has a number of HABIILTONS, a small township and money- permanent and substantial buildings, mostly of order office (province of Otago), 94 miles NW. from wood ; there is also good wharfage accommodation. Dunedin. The hotels are the Adelaide and Union. The places of worship—ten in all—comprise an Epis- The New Zealand Insurance Company is represented copal church (St. George's), a Primitive Methodist by an agency. There is communication by mail coach chapel, and chapels belonging to the Congregational, via Kyeburn twice, and via Macrae's Flat twice a Wesleyan, Roman Catholic, Baptist, and Presbyterian week, with Dunedin. The surrounding district is a bodies. The New Zealand Bank, N. S. Wales, Na- mining one. Population, 110. tional, Union, and Bank of Australasia have branches here. The places of amusement are the Academy HAMPDEN, a postal village and money-order of Music and the Theatre Royal. Among the hotels and telegraph office on the sea-coast (province are the Court House, in Queen Street ; the Pacific, of Otago), 50 miles N. of Dunedin. The hotels at the Wharf ; the Provincial, the Royal Exchange, are the Clyde and Hampden. There are no buildings and many others. It is a money-order and telegraph of any particular importance, but the Presbyterians office, and has a hospital. The town is situated on have a chapel here. Population, 263. Daily coach the beach, with level, moderately-wide streets, and communication ; fare, 17s. 6d. lighted at night with gas. " Immediately behind HAVELOCK, a small township in the pro- the town and in many places bounding the streets vince of Otago, is situate about 21 miles from are the gold-bearing ranges, as well as the leading Waitahuna, 50 miles SW. of Dunedin, and 8 miles mines of the field." "The Thames gold-fields are SE. of Lawrence. It contains two hotels, the Bridge situated in the North Island, about 47 miles E. of the Hotel and the Inverness Hotel. There are three city of Auckland, on the Cape Colville peninsula. general stores, the principal one being that of Mr. This peninsula has a length of 80 miles by a breadth F. Oudaille. This promises to become a rising of from 20 to 30 miles, and there is every reason to township. The railway, which at the present time believe that gold-bearing quartz reefs traverse it is in course of formation, from Tokomairiro to Law- throughout its entire length. The actual extent of rence passes through it, and it is intended to form the Thames gold-field is comprised within an area of a terminus for the line here. At present a coach runs about 4 miles in length by 2 to 3 miles in breadth, daily to the Tokomairiro railway station. Several and within these boundaries is contained a tract of large places of business are being erected in the town- auriferous country whose richness has yet to be ship. District partly mining and partly agricul- fully developed. Near to Grahamstown, the capital tural. Population, about 300. It is the centre of the field, is the celebrated Caledonian reef. A of a mining and agricultural district. large amount of capital has been expended in the HAVELOCK, a money-order and telegraph erection of suitable machinery for pumping, wind- township and port of entry in the province of ing, and crushing purposes, and this in its massive- Marlborough, 23 miles SW. of Picton, and about 38 ness, latest improvements, and gold-saving capabi- miles from the city of Nelson. A considerable trade lities, will bear comparison with any of the mining is done in timber, roundly estimated at 6,000,000 appliances in the other colonies. The second largest feet per annum, principally obtained from a tract pumping engine, 350 h-p. in the colonies is here ; it of flat forest country at the very head of Pelorus is capable of raising the water from a depth of 500 Sound, on which the town is situated. Several small feet, and cost £50,000." In 1875, 93,937 ounces of quartz reefs are being worked in the neighbour- gold were raised, valued at £259,709. The monthly hood. There are two hotels, Levien's and Garrod's return is now about 10,000 ounces. Population is Population, 308. returned at 2,254 ; with vicinity it is believed to HOKIANGA, the northernmost port on the be over 8,000 persons. Newspapers, Thames Adver- west coast of the North Island, is about 150 miles tiser and Evening Star and Thames Exchange. A distant NW. from Auckland Timber of great length steamer plies daily to and from Auckland. Grahams- and straightness is found some little distance inland, town is now under municipal government. In the and much of it is exported for the use of the British municipal borough are comprised 2,642 acres, 2,282 navy. Kauri gum is also largely exported, as is dwellings, valued at £559,220, producing a revenue of also the native flax (Phormium tenax). Several mills £7,442. are in operation in the district for producing the GREYMOUTH, a seaport, gold-fields town, fibre. Ships of 1,000 tons can enter and load securely money-order and telegraph office, in the province of at the loading ground in 5-fathom water. Rich Westland, 25 miles N. of Hokitiki, on the southern deposits of quicksilver have recently been discovered bank of the Grey river, the boundary between West- in the district. A telegraph office is here. Com- land and Nelson. It contains numerous and sub- munication is by coasting vessel from Onchunga. stantial stores, some large hotels, and a few public Population, European 322 ; native 2,796. buildings, including a Masonic hall ; four churches-- HOKITIKI is the principal town on the west Episcopalian, Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, and Wes- coast, and the capital of the province of Westland, leyan; and branches of the Bank of N. S. Wales, about 120 miles W. of Christchurch, and owed its Union Bank of Australia, Bank of Australasia, Bank extraordinarily rapid rise to the discovery of produe- A. A 2 36l

THE COLONY OF FIJI.

THE COLONY OF Fan, an archipelago, comprising not fewer than 225 islands and islets, nearly DV of which are inhabited, is the only colony annexed to the Crown of Great Britain during the reign of our illustrious and beloved Queen ; and, owing to its being the youngest child, it will doubtless receive from the mother-country a very considerable share of support in its infancy, and more interest will be taken in its welfare than has been the case with some of its older sister colonies. Gold, in small quantities, copper and plumbago, have been found in its soil, and doubtless as the colony becomes more settled politically, and its white population increases, many other valuable minerals will he discovered. Its forests abound with timber ; its rivers, which are navigable far inland, contain fish of various species, though not in very great abundance. It has granite in its mountains ; is abundantly supplied with water ; pearl fish are innumerable near its coral reefs, and turtle are common to some portion of the islands. The climate is, for nine months of the year, most delightful and free from disease, but during the hot season persons, unless careful in their mode of living, may be seized with dysentery. It possesses every description of soil. Rice may be cultivated in its swamps.; its rich virgin land is peculiarly adapted to the growth of the sugar cane, for coffee, cotton, sweet potatoes, yams, and all other tropical productions : while in suitable soil, peas, beans, cabbages, lettuces, and most other semi-tropical edibles will thrive. The cocoa-nut tree is indigenous, and the yield of melons, pine-apples, oranges, lemons, limes, tomatoes, cucumbers, &c., is unsurpassed in -quantity and quality in any other portion of the globe. Fiji needs but an adequate supply of experienced labourers and manufacturers to enable it to develop its resources and make available its now hidden stores of wealth. This necessary capital is not likely to be forthcoming until settlers can obtain Crown grants for their land ; many of these settlers have spent thousands of pounds in planting cocoa-nut trees, sugar cane, &c., and are debarred, owing to the dilatoriness of the Government in settling their land claims, from obtaining that capital which is necessary to procure machinery, erect mills, &c., and which capitalists in New South Wales and New Zealand, fully aware of the natural resources of Fiji, are waiting to advance. In spite of these discouragements, there are now six or seven sugar mills in a satisfactory state of operation ; turning out sugar equal to any produced in the Mauritius or the West Indies. The first European who made the existence of the Fijian group of islands known to the civilized. world, was the enterprizing Dutch navigator. Captain Abel Jansen Tasman, in the year 1643, after whose voyage they remained unvisited until Captain Cook touched at one of the Windward (east- ward) Islands, now called Vatoa, which he named " Turtle " island. In 1789 they were passed. by Captain Bligh in his tedious and dangerous voyage in the Bounty's launch. Seven years later, Captain Wilson, commanding the missionary ship Duj; while following almost the same course as Captain Tasman, nearly lost his vessel by touching the reef off Taviuni, having pre- viously tried to land missionaries, from which he was deterred by the hostile attitude of the natives. About the year 1804, twenty-seven convicts succeeding in their attempt to escape from N'tw South Wales, settled throughout the islands, mostly at Rewa or Bau, giving their assistance to the native chiefs to carry on their fightings, receiving in return almost whatever they demanded. The hostile chiefs, seeing their followers drop without any apparent cause, (from the effect of fire- arms skilfully used by the white desperadoes,) ceased hostilities. At this time the absolute govern- ment of the group was within the reach of the few Whites then resident therein, but instead of consolidating and improving the power thus obtained, they lived a life of ease, indolence, and wickedness so excessive that even their cannibal associates looked upon them as monsters in human form. After the lapse of little more than thirty years the only survivor of the 27 was one Connor, an Irishman, his companions either having been killed in internal quarrels, or destroyed and eaten by the natives. Unlike most acquired lands, Fiji seems to have no traditions, and we seek in vain for a shadow of historical record as to the origin of the inhabitants of the country. By them can no ballad be sung, neither from them can any history be gleaned showing that in former ages any immigra-' tion took place, nor that the aborigines ever had any intercourse with other people, excepting those few which chance threw in their way by shipwreck or other casualty. The inference, therefore, may be justly formed, that the occupation of these islands by the Fijians must have taken place at a very remote date, and a confirmation of such inference is to be found in the fact that the still popular belief of the natives is, that their forefathers were born, that they lived, and that they died upon the land on which their descendants now dwell. Analogically speaking, there can be very little doubt, from comparing colour, language, bodily formation, &c., that a blending of the Asiatic and African races may be traced. The distinctive features of the different races are strongly marked ; at the east side of the group the Asiatic peculiarities prevail, while to the westward the African (not negro) characteristics are strongly marked. NEW GUINEA. THE vast island of PAPUA, or as it is now called NEW GUINEA, has of late attracted more than ordinary attention, not only from its immense tract of unexplored and unknown country, from the unequalled stores of mineral wealth it is vaguely reputed to possess, from the rank luxuriance of its vegetation, the deadly hostility to strangers of at least a portion of its inhabitants, and the love of the marvellous which is implanted in every breast, but also from the fact that for years back, attempts have been made from Australia, especially from New South Wales, at the coloniza- tion of a portion of the territory, and that it is probable the eastern half may be annexed to the British dominions. New Guinea lies immediately S. of the Equator, and N. of Australia, between the Asiatic Sea on the W., and the Pacific Ocean on the E., and connects the Indian Archipelago on one side, and the Polynesian group on the other. The general direction of the island is WNW. and ESE., the Northern point being called the Cape of Good Hope, which is situated in 0° 19' S. lat., the W. point Cape Salu, in nearly the same latitude, and in 131° 12' E. long., and the SE. point, Cape Moresby, in 10 0 34' S. lat., and in 131° 2' E. long. The dimensions of the island have been variously estimated, but the latest surveys give them at about 1,500 miles in length from NW. to SE., with a varying breadth of from 200 to 400 miles, and an area of 250,000 square. miles. The portion of the island of which most is known is that lying along the southern coast from W. to E. ; that part of the coast lying E. of Torres Straits (143° E. long.) forms a deep bight called the Great Bight of New Guinea, whose E. side has a bold and rocky shore, with extensive coral reefs, and having lofty mountains in the background inland. The W. side of the bight is flat and marshy, covered with dense forests, and intersected with innumerable freshwater channels, which form a complete network of canals. The entire coast on this side seems like the delta of an immense river, with tortuous channels and ana branches in all directions, and having mud banks with an average of two fathoms of water running out a long distance to sea, so that vessels cannot approach within ten miles of the land. The N. coast is mountainous, and comparatively little is known of it, except for a short distance from the eastern extremity. Humboldt Bay forms the boundary of the western portion of the island claimed by the Dutch. The investigations of Capt. Moresby in H.M. S. Basilisk, led to a better knowledge of the East end, and to his ascertaining that a large portion of what was considered to belong to the mainland was detached, and formed separate islands. One large channel, which he named China Straits, enables vessels trading between Australia and China to shorten the passage by some 300 miles. The climate of New Guinea, as contradistinctive from that of the opposite continent of Australia —where vast barren wastes of sandy, waterless, and almost treeless deserts exist—is remarkable for its humidity, owing, no doubt, to the equatorial stream of vapour, and to its high mountains. Of these the loftiest are Mount Owen Stanley 13,205 ft., Mount Suckling 11,226 ft., Mount Obree 10,246 ft., Mount Yule 10,046 ft., and numerous others of great altitude. The entire country, so far as is known and can be ascertained, is covered with dense and varied forests, and • spreads here and there into wild vast alluvial plains, formed by the continual deposit of the great rivers which flow through it. Much of the timber is of gigantic size, and comprises, amongst numerous others, the camphor tree, the sago palm, and the wild nutmeg. The natives cultivate, with more or less success, rice, maize, yams, cocoanuts, sago, sugar-cane, bananas of various kinds, and other tropical productions. The animals are few, and mostly marsupial ; there being two species of kangaroos which live in trees. There are known to be sixty species of birds, mostly remarkable for the richness of their plumage, amongst them are innumerable flocks of parrots, and amongst sailors the place has acquired the name of "The Land of Cockatoos." The natives are evidently of mixed race, there being a great variety of feature—Malay, Jewish, and Papuan, —as well as of colour, in the same community. On the western shores the natives are of the first- mentioned type, large numbers of Malays having formed settlements there ; and it is probably owing to their influence that the hostility of the natives to Europeans may be ascribed. The Papuan aboriginies are of small stature, distinguished from the African - negroes by their narrow- ness and lateral compression of head, and the almost disappearance of chin. They have large eyes and immense thickness of lips and breadth of nostrils. All have, however, woolly hair, frizzled out in moss-like fashion, and are nearly beardless. The men tatoo and paint their bodies in hideous fashion, and go nearly naked ; and the women wear petticoats of strips of the pandanus leaf, frequently one layer over another in the form of flounces ; and both men and women wear large rude and heavy ornaments hanging from their ears and noses. The natives on the east coast have large canoes (cut out from hollow trees), with outriggers and double lateen sails. There does not appear to be any idea of chiefships amongst them ; and only once did Stanley, one of the later explorers, observe any semblance of such, that being on the occasion of the visit of one of their proas to H.M.S. Rattlesnake, when the steersman appeared to exercise a certain amount of authority over the others. Mr. McFarlane, who visited Kerepunu, on the eastern side of Hood Bay, in May, 1876, in the Missionary steamer Ellangowan, gives the following description of that place and its denizens :— B B General Tips

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