COMMUNICATION IN HISTORY: THE KEY TO UNDERSTANDING

2021 MARYLAND HISTORY DAY

Maryland History Day is a program of Maryland Humanities WELCOME TO MARYLAND HISTORY DAY 2021!

Congratulations on reaching Maryland History Day! You should be very proud of your progress, especially in such a challenging year for everyone. What an appropriate theme “Communication in History” is: within the past year, you have navigated unforeseen communication challenges at school and in other aspects of your life. While studying history, you have lived through it. You have persevered and adapted and that alone is worth congratulating. While contests are exciting, I want to emphasize that the skills Maryland History Day promotes—research, writing, and critical thinking—will last you a lifetime. You’ve focused these skills while learning history, but they will serve you in your daily life, no matter what you pursue. You are part of an enormous movement statewide. In the last year, more than 30,000 students participated in Maryland History Day’s year-long programming. I am thankful for all of you, your teachers, and your families who have worked so hard to make your efforts here today possible. We look forward to having many of you represent Maryland at the National History Day competition and hope that all of you will continue to showcase your research in your communities. Thank you for celebrating the value of historical research and lifelong learning throughout the state of Maryland. —Lindsey Baker, Executive Director

2 WHAT IS MARYLAND HUMANITIES?

Maryland Humanities is an educational nonprofit organization governed by a volunteer Board of Directors. Maryland Humanities creates and supports educational experiences in the humanities that inspire all Marylanders to embrace lifelong learning, exchange ideas openly, and enrich their communities. Maryland Humanities is generously supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities; the State of Maryland; the Citizens of Baltimore County; private foundations; corporations; small businesses; and individual donors.

MARYLAND HUMANITIES BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Mary Hastler* Mary Callis* Randy Ontiveros Saima Sitwat Board Chair Garrett County Prince George’s County Baltimore City Harford County Chanel Compton Soo Park Guffrie M. Smith, Jr. Keith Stone Baltimore City Baltimore County Calvert County Vice Chair Baltimore City Mary Kay Finan Maarten L. Pereboom Sharon Whitney Allegany County Wicomico County Anne Arundel County Mark Irwin Secretary Ronald Lesher, Jr.* Jeanne Pirtle Jayson Williams Montgomery County Talbot County St. Mary’s County Baltimore City

Jim Cornelsen Tiffany McGhee Thomas B. Riford Allyson Black Woodson Treasurer Baltimore County Washington County Anne Arundel County Charles County Alicia Jones McLeod Nancy Rogers Julia Madden* Baltimore County Montgomery County Government Liaison Heather Mitchell Carmel Roques Howard County Howard County Howard County Cynthia Raposo Ronald H. Nowaczyk Jennifer Shea Immediate Past Chair Allegany County Montgomery County Montgomery County

* Gubernatorial appointees

Maryland History Day is the state affiliate of National History Day® headquartered in College Park, Maryland.

1 CONTINUE ON THE PATH OF DISCOVERY WITH MARYLAND HUMANITIES!

One Maryland One Book The 2021 One Maryland One Book is The Book of Delights: Essays by Ross Gay. Now in its fourteenth year, One Maryland One Book is Maryland’s only statewide community reading program. In The Book of Delights, one of today’s most literary voices offers up a genre-defying volume of lyric essays written over one tumultuous year. The first nonfiction book from award-winning poet Ross Gay is a record of the small joys we often overlook in our busy lives. Among Gay’s funny, poetic, philosophical delights: a friend’s unabashed use of air quotes, cradling a tomato seedling aboard an airplane, the silent nod of acknowledgement between the only two black people in a room. But Gay never dismisses the complexities, even the terrors, of living in America as a black man or the ecological and psychic violence of our consumer culture or the loss of those he loves. More than any other subject, though, Gay celebrates the beauty of the natural world—his garden, the flowers peeking out of the sidewalk, the hypnotic movements of a praying mantis. The Book of Delights is about our shared bonds, and the rewards that come from a life closely observed. These remarkable pieces serve as a powerful and necessary reminder that we can, and should, stake out a space in our lives for delight. www.OneMarylandOneBook.org

One Maryland One Book brings together diverse people in communities across the state through the shared experience of reading the same book. Readers participate in discussions and other programs at public libraries, high schools, universities, museums, bookstores, and community and senior centers. Programs and author events will take place in the fall. MARYLAND HISTORY DAY 2021 CONTEST WEEK SCHEDULE

Students, Teachers, Parents, and Judges: join us for Maryland History Day by visiting the Maryland History Day Contest Activities Page using the password you received via email. All events are virtual.

Thursday, April 29, 2021 1:00 p.m.: Student Showcase (All) 7:00 p.m.: Community Conversation: History Day and the Congratulations on all the hard work you’ve put into your Culturally Responsive Project (Teachers) History Day project! Now is your chance to show it off. Students who have registered and submitted a project for the State We invite History Day teachers, resource teachers, librarians, Contest will have 1-2 minutes to share a part of their project to coordinators, and site educators to help us talk through what a group of other History Day students and teachers. Students to make of potentially harmful or problematic project elements who share their projects in this showcase will be entered to win of Maryland History Day projects. From white students a small prize from Maryland Humanities. performing roles as people of color to graphic depictions of violence and trauma to the glorification of complicated Sunday, May 2 figures, harm can come in many different forms, sometimes unexpected. How can we guide students to make educated 12:30 p.m.: Trivia (All) decisions about the language, imagery, and points of view While you wait for the awards ceremony to begin, join the they include in their projects? All History Day educators are Maryland History Day team for trivia using Kahoot! Participants welcome to share their experiences helping students through will have the chance to win fun prizes such as shirts, water these decisions and to share suggestions for the future. bottles, and fun history books.

Saturday May 1 1:00 p.m.: Awards Ceremony (All) 10:30 a.m.: Campus Tour of Hood College We invite everyone to join us for the Maryland History Day (Students and Parents) 2021 Awards Ceremony. The ceremony will be broadcast Founded in 1893 in Frederick, Hood College is a live on Maryland Humanities’ YouTube channel. Cheer along coeducational, independent, liberal arts college. The college as you learn which projects will advance to National History offers 28 bachelor’s degrees, 25 concentrations, 47 minors, Day, which won Special Prizes, and who are named as our and pre-professional preparation programs in medicine, two Teachers of the Year. Share your reaction videos on social veterinary science, dentistry, and law. Join an admissions media using #MarylandHistoryDay. counselor from Hood College for a virtual campus tour and live Q&A session.

11:30 a.m.: Campus Tour of University of Maryland, COMMEMORATE MARYLAND Baltimore County (UMBC) (Students and Parents) HISTORY DAY 2021! UMBC is a dynamic public research university that redefines excellence in higher education. The school offers an inclusive culture that connects innovative teaching and learning, research across disciplines, and civic engagement. Whatever your passion, at UMBC you’ll find a program that challenges and excites you and a community that supports you. Join an admissions counselor and current students from UMBC for a virtual campus tour and live Q&A session.

10:00 a.m.–1:00 p.m.: Museum Tours (All) Join museums from around Maryland on virtual tours through their sites and collections. Talk to members of museum staff to learn more about the history of each site. Students, talk to museum staff about nearby resources that might even help with your next History Day project. T-shirts and mugs with our 2021 contest design are available for a limited time. A portion of the proceeds will support Maryland History Day. Purchase online at bonfire.com/store/maryland-history-day.

3 2021 MARYLAND HISTORY DAY PROJECT ENTRIES

JUNIOR PAPER How Frederick Douglass Viewed the Coded Communications: Enigma and the Constitution Battle of the Atlantic The Advancement of Telecommunication Lila Liam During World War I Teacher: Kathleen Barry Teacher: Joshua Pleasant Dylan Dumbarton Middle School, Baltimore County Benjamin Tasker Middle School, Teacher: Tracy Spillman Prince George’s County Lime Kiln Middle School, Howard County Joseph Goebbels: Manipulating the Masses Nia Communication in History: The Impact of African Americans and Music: Teacher: Arun Puracken Telephone Communication in Business Their Cries for Justice Accokeek Academy, Prince George’s County Tyler Camille Teacher: Victoria Davenport Teacher: Clarence Humes The Most Consequential Work of John Hanson Middle School, Charles County Ernest Everett Just Middle School, Prince Journalism in History: How One Reporter George’s County Revealed to the World the Dangers and Fatal Females: Female Spies of the Tragedies of Atomic Warfare American Civil War Art as a Form of Communication: Norman Noah Olivia Rockwell’s Four Freedoms Paintings Teacher: Melissa Hylton Teacher: Amy Roose Julia Westland Middle School, Montgomery County The Tome School, Cecil County Teacher: Allisun Thompson Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, Overnight Communication: Paul Revere’s Fireside Chats: The Key to Understanding Baltimore City Midnight Ride Eric Amelia Teacher: Margaret Brothman Chirping for the Robins Who Chirp No More: Teacher: Stacey Gruber Clarksville Middle School, Howard County How Rachel Carson’s Bestseller, Silent Spring, Shiloh Middle School, Carroll County Influenced a Social Revolution Homing Pigeons in World War One: Janani “What Hath God Wrought”: The Effect Understanding How They Made a Difference Teacher: Nicholas Berluti of Morse Code and the Telegraph on in War Communication Kingsview Middle School, American History Hannah Montgomery County Ruby Teacher: Charles Howard Teacher: Devin Page Plum Point Middle School, Calvert County Communicating Peace and Friendship Northern Middle School, Calvert County Through Worldwide Relationships: How the The March on Washington for Peace Corps Became a Vehicle for American The Wilhelm Gustloff: A Tragedy Erased By Jobs and Freedom Diplomacy Victors Alexander Zilani Olivia Teacher: Carol Carter Teacher: Cathy Brock Teacher: Devin Page Kenmoor Middle School, Thomas Johnson Elementary/Middle School, Northern Middle School, Calvert County Prince George’s County Baltimore City The Women’s Suffrage Rights Movement: Mokusatsu and the Decision to Communicating Through Expressions in A Collective Approach to Gender Equality Use the Atomic Bomb Ballet: The Legacy of Anna Pavlova Isabella Ben Jenyah Teacher: Pattie Holy-Ilenda Teacher: Inge Chichester Teacher: Erin Dinneen Elkridge Landing Middle School, Sligo Middle School, Montgomery County Mattawoman Middle School, Charles County Howard County Native American Sign Language V2 Julia Communication through Song in the JUNIOR INDIVIDUAL EXHIBIT Underground Railroad Teacher: Thomas Hayman Luna The 1692 Salem Witch Trials: How Mass Centreville Middle School, Teacher: Christopher Hayes Hysteria Influenced Judicial Reforms Queen Anne’s County St. Mary’s Bryantown Catholic School, Isabella Product Marketing: Publicizing and Charles County Teacher: Jermaine Ellerbe Promoting Through Advertising Eastern Middle School, Montgomery County Deciphering Axis Codes: The Women Piper Codebreakers of World War Two Art As Propaganda in the Portrayal of Teacher: Thomas Hayman Breana Japanese Americans During WWII Centreville Middle School, Teacher: C. Pritt Arianna Queen Anne’s County Frederick Homeschoolers, Frederick County Teacher: Allisun Thompson The Real Enigma: The Top-Secret Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, How American Music Helped to Spread Codebreakers of Bletchley Park Baltimore City Messages Through History Grace Hayden Can You Hear Us Now? Lusitania We Have A Teacher: Devin Page Teacher: Andrew Anders Problem: The Sinking of The Lusitania and its Northern Middle School, Calvert County Centreville Middle School, Effect on Future Communication Superpredators or Super Victims? Queen Anne’s County Lily Charlotte

Teacher: Janine Sharbaugh Teacher: Allisun Thompson Bonnie Branch Middle School, Howard County Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, Baltimore City

4 Telegraph Communication in the Past Rosetta Stone Coming of Age Ceremonies Abby Collin, Lucas, and Taryn Yahaira Teacher: Amy Roose Teacher: Bethanie Leader Teacher: Arun Puracken The Tome School, Cecil County Northwest Middle School, Carroll County Accokeek Academy, Prince George’s County World War II: Letter Writing During the War Salem Witch Trials Communication and The Underground Jeimmy Autumn, Gabriella, and Madalyn Railroad Teacher: Melissa James Teacher: Christopher Hayes Nick Mattawoman Middle School, Charles County St. Mary’s Bryantown Catholic School, Teachers: Tracy Alexander and Penny Murnane Charles County St. Martin’s-in-the-Field Episcopal School, Anne Arundel County JUNIOR GROUP EXHIBIT The Secret Codes and Messages Used A Spark of Hope: How FDR’s Fireside Chats Between the U.S Soldiers during WWII The Communication of Indian Influence In Lifted America Out of the Great Depression Emily and Rylee Southeast Asia Anjali and Riley Teacher: Andrew Anders Ishaan Teacher: Jermaine Ellerbe Centreville Middle School, Teacher: Vincente DAntuono Eastern Middle School, Montgomery County Queen Anne’s County Folly Quarter Middle School, Howard County Capitalism vs. Communism: The Rise of Understanding Communication in Combat 2 The Cuban Missile Crisis Political Ideologies Through Propaganda Abby and Molly Megan Celeste, Michelle, and Narae Teacher: Amy Roose Teacher: Daniel Hoefert Teacher: Matthew Hetrick The Tome School, Cecil County Piccowaxen Middle School, Charles County The Bryn Mawr School, Baltimore City Unlocking Women’s Political Potential: How The Cuban Missile Crisis: Communication Code Talkers Female Voices Communicated for Prohibition in a Catastrophe Aaron and Gavin and Repeal Madison Teacher: Cathy Brock Violet and Wren Teacher: Daniel Hoefert Thomas Johnson Elementary/Middle School, Teacher: Robyn Page Piccowaxen Middle School, Charles County Burleigh Manor Middle School, Howard County Baltimore City Flash-Bang-Silence: The Fight to Communicating Braille Votes for Women: Alice Paul’s Militant Communicate the Full Story About the Lilian and Rylee Strategies and the Passage of the 19th Atomic Bomb Teachers: Thomas Hayman and Amendment S. Abigail Andrew Anders Elora and Valerie Teacher: Matthew Hetrick Centreville Middle School, Queen Anne’s Teacher: Jermaine Ellerbe The Bryn Mawr School, Baltimore City Eastern Middle School, Montgomery County County HeLa: Exposing the History of the Medical The Communication Error That Ended in The Women’s Suffrage Movement in Maryland Exploitation of People of Color 23,000 Deaths Nataly and Wendy Anushka Benjamin and Emily Teacher: Ryan Walker Teacher: Lois Han Teacher: Jennifer Borcik Charles Carroll Middle School, Prince Dunloggin Middle School, Howard County George’s County Northwest Middle School, Carroll County How Marvel Comics Affected Storytelling Communication: The Rainbow Riots Keith JUNIOR INDIVIDUAL Teacher: Andrew Anders Maddie, Madison, and Quynh DOCUMENTARY Teacher: Amy Roose Centreville Middle School, The Tome School, Cecil County 9/11: How Failure to Communicate Queen Anne’s County Led to Disaster How the Recordings of Michael Coleman Put The Establishment of ASL Robert Eleanor and Ella on the Radio Influenced Irish Music Teacher: C. Pritt Alice Teacher: Devin Page Frederick Homeschoolers, Frederick County Northern Middle School, Calvert County Teacher: Julie Conrad A Blitz of Communication Tilden Middle School, Montgomery County The Invention of Email Zachary Carleigh and Tristan Intricacies of Understanding: The Evolution Teacher: Stacey Gruber of Natural Language Processing Teacher: Christopher Hayes Shiloh Middle School, Carroll County St. Mary’s Bryantown Catholic School, Joel Charles County The Birth of a Nation: The Communication of Teacher: Terance Auleta White Supremacist Ideals to the Public West Frederick Middle School, Morse Code Ryan Frederick County Amreyah and Ava Teacher: Nicole Penix Kennedy Assassination Teacher: Arun Puracken Plum Point Middle School, Calvert County Accokeek Academy, Prince George’s County Isabella Cavalry, Communication, and the Small Town Teacher: Tracy Alexander, Penny Murnane Naturalization Act of 1906: Written Stuck in the Middle St. Martin’s-in-the-Field Episcopal School, Communication Over the Naturalization of Riley Anne Arundel County Immigrants Teacher: Bethanie Leader Midwifery: The Key to Understanding Cate and Pat Mt. Airy Middle School, Carroll County Teacher: Margaret Brothman Childbirth and Pregnancy Clarksville Middle School, Howard County Averie Teacher: Andrew Anders Centreville Middle School, Queen Anne’s County 5 The Navajo Code Talkers in WWII The Edelweiss Pirates JUNIOR GROUP PERFORMANCE Clara Emily and Morgan Teacher: Eric Surkovich Teachers: Thomas Hayman and Burning Through Blackwells Rocky Hill Middle School, Montgomery County Andrew Anders Tessa and Zoe Centreville Middle School, Teacher: Allisun Thompson The Swing Riots: The Forgotten Vitriol of Queen Anne’s County Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, Captain Swing Baltimore City Catherine The Harlem Renaissance: Teacher: Devin Page Communicating the Challenges and Coded Messages during the Northern Middle School, Calvert County Creativity of African Americans Underground Railroad Adam, Maneet, and Rahul Margaret and Riley The U.S. Army Communicates Using Teacher: Tracy Spillman Teacher: Lois Han Carrier Pigeons Lime Kiln Middle School, Howard County Dunloggin Middle School, Howard County Beth Teacher: Amy Roose The Hidden Message of Superheroes How Communication Has Impacted Fairy The Tome School, Cecil County Sophie and Victoria Tales Through the Ages Teacher: Jeremy Childs Adeline, Blakely, and Rachel WW2 Encrypted Communications: Robert Frost Middle School, Teacher: Sara Giron Breaking Enigma Montgomery County Earle B. Wood Middle School, Sophia Montgomery County Teacher: Herman Elleby The History of Morse Code Hamilton Elementary/Middle School, Emma, Isla, and Olivia The Invention of the Telegraph Baltimore City Teacher: Michelle Nightingale Delaney, Donovan, Gavin, and Johnathan North Carroll Middle School, Carroll County Teacher: Christopher Hayes The We Can Do It Poster: Rosie the Riveter St. Mary’s Bryantown Catholic School, Violet The Racist Roots: Intentionally Racist Charles County Teacher: Carol Carter Anti-Japanese Propaganda During WWII Kenmoor Middle School, Eliza, Lilia, and Sophia Mahatma Gandhi’s Evolution in Prince George’s County Teacher: Jermaine Ellerbe Political Protest Eastern Middle School, Montgomery County Aanya and Annika Teacher: Joseph Evans JUNIOR GROUP DOCUMENTARY The Seneca Falls Convention: Takoma Park Middle School, Alexander Graham Bell: The Villain Communication For Women’s Rights Montgomery County Ellis and Lillian Catherine and Lyla The Miscommunication of the Teacher: Arun Puracken Teacher: Kimberly Dougherty Salem Witch Trials Accokeek Academy, Prince George’s County Southern Middle School, Anne Arundel County Elia and Virginia Ashurbanipal’s Library: The Vietnam War News Coverage: A Change Teacher: Matthew Hetrick The Library of The World in Real-Time Communication The Bryn Mawr School, Baltimore City Aspen and Wardan Hannah and Jacqi Teacher: Arun Puracken Teacher: Robyn Page JUNIOR INDIVIDUAL WEBSITE Accokeek Academy, Prince George’s County Burleigh Manor Middle School, Howard County A Beautiful Day In The Neighborhood: How Code Talkers: The Secret Language JUNIOR INDIVIDUAL Fred Rogers Saved PBS That Won The War PERFORMANCE Lily Ann Emily and Kayla Teacher: Andrew Anders Teacher: Robert Smith The Big Funny Centreville Middle School, Smithsburg Middle School, Jacquelynn Queen Anne’s County Washington County Teacher: Matthew Hetrick The Bryn Mawr School, Baltimore City Alexander Graham Bell Communicating Without Words Sanjiv Addison, Hope, and Morgan The History of American Sign Language Teacher: Bethanie Leader Teacher: Amy Roose Sydney Mt. Airy Middle School, Carroll County The Tome School, Cecil County Teacher: Allisun Thompson Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, Barbie: Communicating Gender Beauty Fireside Chats: Communicating with the Baltimore City Standards American People Zaila Elizabeth and Emily Sesame Street: The Brighter Side on Trauma Teacher: Arun Puracken Teacher: Amy Roose Madison Accokeek Academy, Prince George’s County The Tome School, Cecil County Teacher: Carol Carter Kenmoor Middle School, Code Breaking After the Battle of Jutland Operation Fortitude: Spies, Lies, Tricks Prince George’s County Andrew Antione and Jack Teacher: Devin Page Teacher: Sarah Martin Walking with Harriet Northern Middle School, Calvert County The Mount Washington School, Helena Baltimore City Teacher: Tracy Alexander, Penny Murnane Communication During the Southern St. Martin’s-in-the-Field Episcopal School, Freedom Movement: Through the Eyes Pearl Primus: Communicating the African Anne Arundel County of Ruby Sales American Experience through Dance Ariella Beatrix and Johanna Teacher: Margaret Brothman Teacher: Allisun Thompson Clarksville Middle School, Howard County Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, Baltimore City 6 Communication with a Diary Somalia’s Road to Independence The Women’s Suffrage Movement: Seneca Destiny Nora Falls Convention Teacher: Christopher Hayes Teacher: Molly Ricciardi Elise, Ghislaine, and Rayonna St. Mary’s Bryantown Catholic School, Parkville Middle School, Baltimore County Teacher: Prescott Irene, Irene Prescott Charles County Kenmoor Middle School, Union Mills Homestead Rural Free Delivery Prince George’s County Communication: How Propaganda Influenced Natalie World War 2 Teacher: Stacey Gruber Amelia West Middle School, Carroll County SENIOR PAPER Teacher: Jacqueline Hall The Battle for Victory Through Gardens Mill Creek Middle School, Calvert County The Women’s Suffrage Parade of March 3, 1913: How Protests and Parades Sadie The Culper Spy Ring Within the Suffrage Movement Aided the Teacher: Ryan Patterson Lauren Ratification of the 19th Amendment Mountain Ridge High School, Allegany County Teacher: Daniel Hoefert Ahalya Bahasa Indonesia: Communication as the Piccowaxen Middle School, Charles County Teacher: Gretchen Ryland Framework for National Identity Kingsview Middle School, Montgomery County Journey to Freedom: Communication Mia of Slaves, Abolitionists, and the Teacher: Beth Strakonsky Underground Railroad JUNIOR GROUP WEBSITE Frederick High School, Frederick County Sophia The Enigma Machine: A Ciphering Christianity, Gutenberg, and Nazis: Teacher: Drusilla Herbert Communication Marvel How Communications of Martin Luther Bel Air Middle School, Harford County Aadit and Sahej Changed Germany The Language of Code: The Navajo Code Teacher: Monica Chelidona Kathleen Talkers in WWII Patuxent Valley Middle School, Howard County Teacher: Amie Dryer Calvert High School, Calvert County Erika Mae Harriet Tubman and The Great Slave Escape Teacher: Prescott Irene Ana and Isabelle From Fizzle to Burn: The Failure of Kenmoor Middle School, Teacher: Andrew Anders Sino-British Diplomatic Communication Prince George’s County Centreville Middle School, in the 1834 Napier Fizzle Navajo Code Talkers: The Unwritten Queen Anne’s County Nathan Language That Helped Win a War Teacher: Amanda Brong The Lonnie Zamora Incident River Hill High School, Howard County Canton Aryan Ethan Teacher: Terrance Auleta Teacher: Stacey Gruber From Uncle Tom to The Hill We Climb: West Frederick Middle School, West Middle School, Carroll County The Legacy of Harriet Beecher Stowe Frederick County Rebekah The Navajo Code Talkers Nazi Propaganda V2 Teacher: Hunter Hammond Caitlyn and Madelyn Old Mill High School, Anne Arundel County Vedansh Teacher: Matthew Hetrick Teacher: Molly Ricciardi The Bryn Mawr School, Baltimore City Health Scare of 22 Years: How a Corrupted Parkville Middle School, Baltimore County Study Has Forever Changed Vaccines Navajo Code Talkers: The Code to Success Veronica The Occupation of Alcatraz: Native American Isaiah and Michael Activists Fighting for Recognition Teacher: Katherine Horan Teacher: Rico Hodgkinson Poolesville High School, Montgomery County Eliza Hamilton Elementary/Middle School, Teacher: Rachel Lunsford Baltimore City The Internet: The Development of Takoma Park Middle School, Humanity’s Greatest Tool Montgomery County Navajo Code Talkers: Effective Connor Communication During War Teacher: Ryan Folmer Ode to Freedom in Berlin: Creating a Ashley and Eliana Stronger Form of Communication with Mount Saint Joseph High School, Teacher: Rachel Lunsford Baltimore City Beethoven’s 9th Symphony Takoma Park Middle School, Sarah Montgomery County Invisible Ink: A Classic Children’s Toy or Teacher: Elizabeth Singleton Spycraft During the American Revolution? Mayfield Woods Middle School, The Printing Press and Its Impact McKenzie Howard County on Human History Teacher: Karen Shomaker Andrew and Jacob Oakdale High School, Frederick County Rachel Carson’s Fable For Tomorrow: Teacher: Jermaine Ellerbe How Silent Spring Got Its Message Across Eastern Middle School, Montgomery County The March on Washington Abraham Bryce Teacher: Cathy Brock Stonewall Riots: Communicating Equal Rights Teacher: Donald Marchand Thomas Johnson Elementary/Middle School, Tahirah and Zainah St. Vincent Pallotti High School, Howard County Baltimore City Teacher: Arun Puracken Accokeek Academy, Prince George’s County Songs of Slavery: How an Oppressed Peoples Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Found Their Voice The Key to Communicating the Truth in Technological Communication During WWI Michelle Communist Romania Samuel and Sebastien Teacher: Toni Ireland Bianca Teacher: Vincente DAntuono Centennial High School, Howard County Teacher: Allisun Thompson Folly Quarter Middle School, Howard County Roland Park Elementary/Middle School, Baltimore City

7 Star Wars: The Impact of a Galaxy Far, Far The “Negro Motorist Green Book” NASA’s Miscommunication That Led to the Away on Modern Political Culture in America Was a Precursor to Today’s Online Travel Challenger Explosion Daisy Review Websites Fletcher, Luke, and Niko Teacher: Katherine Horan John Teacher: Ryan Folmer, Josh Vicchio Poolesville High School, Montgomery County Teacher: Thomas Klug Mount Saint Joseph High School, Oxon Hill High School, Prince George’s County Baltimore City Tales from the Telegraph Seth Talking to Ourselves: Blueprints of the Mind Women’s Suffrage Teacher: Patrick Wilborn Mykha Ava, Mayleen and Monica DuVal High School, Prince George’s County Teacher: Thomas Klug Teacher: Elexis Brooks Oxon Hill High School, Prince George’s County Oxon Hill High School, Prince George’s County Telstar 1: How an Image of the American Flag Changed the World Tantamount to Tyranny: Jonathan The Rise of Julius Caesar SENIOR INDIVIDUAL Teacher: Ryan Folmer Teddy DOCUMENTARY Mount Saint Joseph High School, Teacher: Samuel Manelski Birth of a Nation: Communicating the Lie Baltimore City Loyola Blakefield, Baltimore County Adaline The Vietnam War: The Impact of the Media Yellow Journalism: Intentionally Misleading Teacher: Amie Dryer on Public Opinion and Success Communication Calvert High School, Calvert County Thomas Charlotte Communication in a Movement: Teacher: Paula Hoppel Teacher: Kimberly A. Worthy The Negritude Movement Homeschool, Harford County Bullis School, Montgomery County Alli The White Rose: Student Resistance Teacher: Karen Shomaker in Nazi Germany SENIOR GROUP EXHIBIT Oakdale High School, Frederick County Lindsey A Guide to Communication with Communication in History: Posters and Teacher: Chris Baran Political Cartoons Protest Signs in the Black Freedom Struggle Boonsboro High School, Washington County Nane and Sameera Jaina Teacher: Jan Edlowitz Teacher: Thomas Klug SENIOR INDIVIDUAL EXHIBIT Reservoir High School, Howard County Oxon Hill High School, Prince George’s County A “Circus” of Communication American Use of Propaganda The Evolution of Presidential Communication Ethan During World War II in the United States Teacher: Sara Romeyn Charlie, Michael, and Nicholas Diya Bullis School, Montgomery County Teacher: Samuel Manelski Teacher: Tiffiny Ford Loyola Blakefield, Baltimore County Governor Thomas Johnson High School, America’s Journalists: How an Era Defined Frederick County Mass Communication The Attica Prison Riot of 1971: Truth from Ashna Behind the Bars From Ciphers to Signaling: Communication Teacher: Leila Chawkat Anna and Gitanjali During World I Glenelg High School, Howard County Teacher: Mary Saha Casey Howard High School, Howard County Teacher: Ryan Folmer The Culper Spy Ring: Masters of Discrete Mount Saint Joseph High School, Communication Communication In History: Telling the Baltimore City Maria Story of Civil Rights in America Teacher: Mark Malone Alexa and Bella How Jacob Riis Illuminated the Nation’s Fort Hill High School, Allegany County Teacher: Patrick Wilborn Darkest Corners DuVal High School, Prince George’s County Nadia Dogs of War: A Soldiers Best Friend Teacher: Lynn Rashid Eliza Communication on The Silk Road from Marriotts Ridge High School, Howard County Teacher: Brian Hussey 500–800 AD Broadneck High School, Anne Arundel County Aidan, Andrew, and Luke How Slaves Used Hair to Escape Slavery Teacher: Samuel Manelski Nancy Lighthouses: Beacons of Hope Loyola Blakefield, Baltimore County Teacher: Patrick Wilborn Charles DuVal High School, Prince George’s County Teacher: Ryan Folmer Communication through Illustration: How Mount Saint Joseph High School, Charles Dana Gibson’s Gibson Girl Spurred Thalidomide in the US: The Hidden Story of Baltimore City the Transformation of Femininity Beyond How Egregious Communication in the His Artwork Pharmaceutical Industry Led to the Biggest Margaret Sanger: Fueling the Alistair, Ellison, Sophia, and Veekshavani Man-Made Medical Disaster Discussion on Contraception Teacher: Stephanie Gomer Shruthi Carlin Poolesville High School, Montgomery County Teacher: Stephanie Gomer Teacher: Jason Kamler Poolesville High School, Montgomery County South Hagerstown High School, Lasker’s Advertising Revolution: The Washington County Framework for Modern Business, Ethics, Tiananman Square Massacre: Censorship of and Gender Roles in America Communications Morse Code: Communication Without Andrew, Orluke, and Sara Sumiya a Voice Teacher: Stephanie Gomer Teacher: Stacey Gruber Grayson Poolesville High School, Montgomery County Westminster High School, Carroll County Teacher: Ryan Folmer Mount Saint Joseph High School, Baltimore City 8 War on Warez: How Music Piracy Forever Whistled Languages: A Mountainous The Role of Forensic Linguistic Analysis Changed the Way We Communicate With Past and Rocky Future in the Unabomber Case and the Revolution Files Online Brianna and Emma It Created After Yacoub Teacher: Jason Kamler Pragya Teacher: Stephanie Gomer South Hagerstown High School, Teacher: Stephanie Gomer Poolesville High School, Montgomery County Washington County Poolesville High School, Montgomery County Women’s Suffrage The Transcontinental Railroad: The Link Rashawna SENIOR INDIVIDUAL Between East and West Teacher: Jennifer Frieman PERFORMANCE Shree Mercy High School, Baltimore City Giving Voice to the Voiceless: Teacher: Patrick Wilborn Martha Gellhorn’s Passion for the People DuVal High School, Prince George’s County SENIOR GROUP DOCUMENTARY Ava Teacher: Rachel Prickman SENIOR GROUP WEBSITE The Birth of a Nation: The Damaging Power Homeschool, Montgomery County of Communication A Passage To Freedom: Carol, Charlotte, and Joshua The Pentagon Papers: How a Leak Altered The Underground Railroad Teachers: Bill Vicari and Alexia Chatfield the Future of Communication Gabriella and Natalie Walter Johnson High School and Richard Archisha Teacher: Brian Hussey Montgomery High School, Teacher: Richard Malt Broadneck High School, Anne Arundel County Montgomery County Marriotts Ridge High School, Howard County Arguments and Letters Crafted Throughout Communication During World War II and the They Call Me Johnny Walker: the Ratification of the Constitution Use of Codes by Navajos An Iraqi Interpreters’ Devotion to Jack and Jackson Arely and Skylie Effective Communication for the Teacher: Samuel Manelski Teacher: Patrick Wilborn US Military During the Iraq War Loyola Blakefield, Baltimore County DuVal High School, Prince George’s County Liam Teacher: C. Pritt Augmentative and Alternative Disney Presents: The Communication of Frederick Homeschoolers, Frederick County Communication Devices Racism Through Children’s Media Jada and Phenix Anise and Kai Word War II Through Photos Teacher: Elexis Brooks Teacher: Thomas Klug Zoe Oxon Hill High School, Prince George’s County Oxon Hill High School, Prince George’s County Teacher: Karen Shomaker Walkersville High School, Frederick County Communicating Optimism: The 1939 New Fireside Chats: A Communication Revolution York’s World’s Fair Bunmi and Savannah Joshua and Matthew Teacher: Michael Yuscavage SENIOR INDIVIDUAL WEBSITE Teacher: C. Pritt Arundel High School, Anne Arundel County The “Bully Pulpit”: How Theodore Roosevelt Frederick Homeschoolers, Frederick County Flower Language Revolutionized Communication Between the The Legacy of the Lost Cause Alanna, Heidi, and Mila Presidency and the American People Josephine, Nitney, Simone, and Trini Teacher: Jan Edlowitz Alisha Teacher: Marc Grossman Reservoir High School, Howard County Teacher: Michael Yuscavage Montgomery Blair High School, Arundel High School, Anne Arundel County Montgomery County Ida B. Wells: Setting the Red Record Straight Blythe and Kelsey Communication in WW1 Miscommunication and Deception; Teacher: Michael Serpone Abby The Allied Invasion of Europe in WWII North Point High School, Charles County Teacher: Patrick Wilborn Mitchell and Sam DuVal High School, Prince George’s County Teacher: Samuel Manelski Sybil Ludington: The Female Paul Revere Loyola Blakefield, Baltimore County Bethany and Hannah Communication in WWII Teacher: Thomas Hayman Elena The Music of Dmitri Shostakovich: Queen Anne’s County High School, Teacher: Jennifer Frieman Communication Under Soviet Suppression Queen Anne’s County Mercy High School, Baltimore City Allison, Faith, and Joshua Daryl Davis: Using Communication Teacher: Jan Edlowitz Taking a Seat for Justice: The 504 Sit-In Reservoir High School, Prince George’s County Allen, Andrew, Andrew, Rohin, and Thomas as a Weapon to Disassemble the KKK Teacher: Christopher Forney Dylan The Navajo Code Talkers and Their Winston Churchill High Teacher: Christopher Forney Unbreakable Code Winston Churchill High School, Eliezer and Kelly Television War: Vietnam in the Montgomery County Teacher: Benjamin Hawkins National Media Oxon Hill High School, Prince George’s County Brendan and Matt Navajo Code Takers Teacher: Samuel Manelski Brayden Racing for their Race Loyola Blakefield, Baltimore County Teacher: Ryan Folmer Jack and Josh Mount Saint Joseph High School, Teacher: Ryan Folmer Tokyo Rose and the VOA, the Key to Baltimore City Mount Saint Joseph High School, Misunderstanding in the Pacific War Baltimore City Benjamin and John Teacher: Samuel Manelski Loyola Blakefield, Baltimore County

9 Shielded by Steel: How the Preservation of Cockpit Communications Have Led to Safer Air Travel Hanna and Mackenzie Teacher: Jason Kamler South Hagerstown High School, Washington County The Tactics Behind Uncle Sam: How Propaganda Shaped the Vision of World War II Braeden and James Teacher: Ryan Folmer Mount Saint Joseph High School, Baltimore City This Just In: Broadcast News During the Vietnam War Eleanor and Milagro Teacher: Marc Grossman Montgomery Blair High School, Montgomery County

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To sponsor a History Day category next year, contact Kelly King at [email protected] or call 410-685-4186.

10 2021 MARYLAND HISTORY DAY JUDGES AND ALTERNATES

Khalid Aada Carol Cook Janice Greene Margaret Kraak University of Texas Rio Central Middle School, Anne Maryland Commission on African Grande Valley Arundel County Public Schools American History and Culture Anna Kresmer B&O Railroad Museum Carolina Andrada Kathleen Cornelsen Carrie Greif Georgetown University Integra Connect Decorative Arts Trust Michael Kuethe Baltimore Museum of Industry Jeff Ball Carla Crocheron Greg Grenier Harford Community College Oxon Hill High School Clare Kuntz Beatriz Hardy Towson University Brittni Ballard Mark De Jong Salisbury University Towson University University of Maryland Global Grace LaMoure Campus Andrew Harvey National Institutes of Health Deborah Barlow Garrett College Howard County Library System Wes DeThomas Robert Landau Enoch Pratt Free Library Amber Heller Annabel Barry Prince George’s County Marc Lazerow Arts on the Block Judy Dobbs Public Schools Pete Lesher Kathleen Barry Eowyn Ellison Noreen Herbert Chesapeake Bay Maritime Johns Hopkins University University of Maryland Museum and Board Member, Danielle Herbst Maryland Humanities William Barry Dave Engelhardt Maryland Center for History and Culture Judy Luis-Watson Keerthana Baskaran Joyce Erb-Appleman National Archives at College Park Prince George’s County Public Burkely Hermann Ben Bell Schools National Security Archive Mollie MacAdams Former participant John Esh William Hermann Donald Marchand Perry Berman Towson University Special Baltimore City Schools St. Vincent Pallotti High School Fort McHenry National Park Collections University Archives Eliza Hill Joselin Martin Amy Bernstein Christina Fairchild Frederick County Public Libraries True North CFO LLC Defense Technical Edie Blitzstein Information Center Mary Horabik Maureen McCoy Cooperstown Graduate Program Delaware Department of Amy Federman Hillary Burchuk Transportation

Federal Communications Hong Hsu Sarah Ficenec Commission Howard County Public School Merry Ellen McGown University of Baltimore System Calvert County Public Schools

Jack Burkert Andrew Fickley Baltimore Museum of Industry Katherine Humphries Shannon McLucas Leidos Historic Sotterley National Park Service

Richard Byas Susan Fifer Canby Oracle America, Inc. Joseph Jackson Joy Medley National Geographic Society Department of Defense

Louis Carlat Intelligence Community Marites Melad Linda Finder Rutgers University Prince George’s County

Eugenie Holmes Jenkins Public Schools Randolph Finder Brigitte Carty Baltimore City Public Schools

Lower Susquehanna Patricia Melville Morgan Flaherty John Jewitt Heritage Greenway Oracle Enoch Pratt Free Library / State Amy Meyers Library Resource Center James Castle Carroll County Public Library Donna Folkemer Brunswick Heritage Museum Ruth Jobe Anne Minton Abram Fox National Park Service Talibah Chikwendu Prairie Grove Junior High School, Towson University Dorchester County Public Prairie Grove (AR) Elizabeth Jones Schools Steven Friedman Carroll County Public Library, Kevin Griffin Moreno Travel television Westminster Branch Joanna Church Maryland Institute College of Art

Jewish Museum of Maryland Auni Gelles Gerry Kallman Marty Mossa Baltimore Museum of Industry JanetViana Clarke-Green Robert Kambic Prince George’s County Robert Moyer Elizabeth Godwin Publc Schools U.S. Navy Community College of Michael Keen

Baltimore County Learning Outside the Box Jocelyn Colbert Penelope Murnane

University of Maryland St. Martin’s-in-the-Field Shauna Goodell Elizabeth Keyser Global Campus Episcopal School

Robert Greenberger Margaret Kleppinger Peter Conrad St. Vincent Pallotti High School Teacher

11 Lynn Nashorn Kelly Powers Kathryn Schmitt B.C. Wallace National Archives and Records Howard County Public Howard L Cornish Morgan State Administration School System Cara Seitchek University Alumni Chapter Smithsonian Institution Julie Naylor Christine Pritt Caroline Wayner Howard County Library System Frederick Homeschoolers Stephen Sfekas Society of The Ark and The Dove Circuit Court for Baltimore City Judith O’Hehir Hannelore Quigley David Weinstein Oracle Montgomery County Nathalie Shaw National Endowment for the Genealogical Society Prince George’s County Public Humanities Linda Oliva School Professional School University of Maryland, Cynthia Raposo Counselor Karen Whitehair Baltimore County Board Member, Maryland Humanities John Sondheim Victoria Williams Paul O’Neil Enoch Pratt Free Library Bowie State University Don Rau Meredith Oyen Maryland State Senate Erin Spahr Gregory Wood University of Maryland, Frederick County Public Schools Frostburg State University Baltimore County LaQuitta Reed Prince George’s County Matthew Stegman Ryan Zavislak Julie Parsons Public Schools Catonsville Cooperative Market Harford County Public Library James Stein Chris Reinhardt National Park Service Kerensa Zimmerman David Payne Baltimore City Government Enoch Pratt Free Library Leah Renzi James Stewart Maryland State Department Architect of the Capitol Allie Zito Karen Peacock of Education University of California-Irvine Peacock Art and Design Stephen Sutkowski Kristine Roome Cara Peerbolte Elinor Thompson Heather Rosenbloom Maryland Commission on African Lisa Picker University of Pennsylvania American History and Culture Carroll County Public Library Jeremy Rothwell Tarren Thornton Marvin Pinkert Town of Smyrna (DE) Lord Fairfax Community College

Jeanne Pirtle Debra Sambuco Amond Uwadineke Historic Sotterley, Inc and Board Community College of Member, Maryland Humanities Baltimore County Wyllys VanDerwerker

Joshua Pleasant Janet Schmitt Mychel Vandover Prince George’s County Community College of Public Schools Baltimore County (CCBC) Marcia Waldstreicher

12 DISTRICT PROGRAM SUPPORTERS

ALLEGANY COUNTY DISTRICT CHARLES COUNTY DISTRICT MONTGOMERY COUNTY DISTRICT Allegany County Public Schools African-American Heritage Society of Charles Emily and Gary Correll County, Inc. Heritage Montgomery ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY DISTRICT Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Nu Zeta Omega Montgomery County Public Schools AACPS Office of Social Studies Chapter Montgomery History Charles County Archaeological Society of Mary- BALTIMORE CITY DISTRICT land, Inc. PRINCE GEORGE’S COUNTY DISTRICT Baltimore City Public Schools Charles County Antique Arts Association City of Bowie Museums Baltimore National Heritage Area Charles County Heritage Commission Maryland Historical Society Charles County Public Schools Maryland Milestones/Anacostia Trails Heritage BALTIMORE COUNTY DISTRICT Ella Virginia Houck Holloway Chapter, U. S. Daugh- Area, Inc. Maryland Humanities ters of 1812 Oxon Hill High School Friendship House Foundation Prince George’s County Historical Society CALVERT COUNTY DISTRICT Historical Society of Charles County Prince George’s County History Consortium Boyd King Electronics Maryland Alpha Beta Chapter of Alpha Delta Prince George’s County Memorial Library System Calvert County Council of American Legions Kappa Prince George’s County Public Schools Calvert County Heritage Committee Port Tobacco Chapter, Daughters of the American Calvert County Historical Society Revolution QUEEN ANNE’S COUNTY DISTRICT Calvert County League of Women Voters Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Kent County Heritage Society Dr. Christopher Clarke Queen Anne’s County Historical Society Rose C. Crunkleton, Attorney at Law FREDERICK COUNTY DISTRICT Queen Anne’s County Public Schools: Quality Built Homes AARCH Society Centreville Middle School, Matapeake Middle Senator Thomas V. Mike Miller Art Department, Hood College School, Stevensville Middle Schools Middle SMECO Beneficial-Hodson Library, Hood College School, Sudlersville Daughters of Charity Provincial Archives Stories of the Chesapeake CAROLINE COUNTY DISTRICT Frederick County Public Libraries Caroline County Administration and Frederick County Public Schools TALBOT COUNTY DISTRICT Supervisors Association Frederick Historic Sites Consortium Chesapeake Bay Maritime Museum Caroline County Public Schools Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area Colonel Richardson Middle School History Department, Hood College ST MARY’S COUNTY DISTRICT Lockerman Middle School Maryland Room, C. Burr Artz Library, FCPL Historic Sotterley Rose Hill Manor Park & Children’s Museum CARROLL COUNTY DISTRICT WASHINGTON COUNTY DISTRICT Carroll County Commissioners HOWARD COUNTY DISTRICT Washington County Public Schools Carroll County Public Library The Council of Elders of Howard County Carroll County Public Schools Howard County Historical Society Celebrating America Commitee Howard County Library System Historical Society of Carroll County Howard County Public School System, Historical Society of Mt. Airy Office of Gifted and Talented Programs Union Mills Homestead Foundation Howard County Public School System, Office of Secondary Social Studies Howard County Women’s Bar Association Lifetouch Photography Patapsco Heritage Greenway PFLAG Howard County

KENT COUNTY DISTRICT C.V. Starr Center Charles Sumner G.A.R. Hall, Post 25 Kent County Historical Society Sultana Education Foundation Washington College

13 Maryland Humanities is grateful to the many people and organizations who made this program possible:

Teachers, Parents, and Guardians for supporting and encouraging their students and children!

Our District Maryland History Day Coordinators Mary Atwell, Renee Bos, Scott Burhman, Patricia Carballo, Joseph Carr, Eve Case, Jill Ferris, Alex Fleming, Thomas Hayman, Amber Heller, Allen Hopkins, Georgia Ladd, John Logsdon, Katherine Long, Mark Malone, Scott McComb, Jeanne Pirtle, Ruth Reed, Kelly Reichardt, Sandra Rose, Maria Tarasuk, Jack Tuttle, Monica Whippo, Lisa Walker, Tracey Williams, and Rob Willoughby

Our Maryland History Day Staff Isabella Altherr, Lia Atanat, Stephanie Boyle, and Grace Woodward

Special Prize Donors African American History Maryland Commission on African American History and Culture Asian History History Department, University of Maryland, Baltimore County Civic Action and Engagement Maryland Council for Social Studies Barry A. Lanman Award for Oral History Excellence Barry Lanman Eugene J. Becker Award for Excellence in Cybersecurity and Cryptology National Cryptologic Museum Foundation George Washington Leadership Prize George Washington’s Mount Vernon Historic Preservation Maryland Historical Trust History of Science and Technology History Department, University of Maryland, Baltimore County Labor History Bill Barry and Friends Legal and Constitutional History Cynthia Raposo and Joseph Furey LGBTQ+ History Aaron Heinsman The Major General John E. Morrison Award for Excellence in Innovation National Cryptologic Museum Foundation Maryland History Maryland Center for History and Culture Michael E. Patten Memorial History Award for Best Use of Primary Sources Frank Patten Family Peace, Non-Violence, and Justice Anonymous Senator Thomas V. Mike Miller, Jr. Award for Excellence in Government History Maryland Humanities Women’s History, Junior Division Award UMBC Department of History Women’s History, Senior Division Award Maryland Women’s Heritage Center

14 BECAUSE BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS MATTER Visit us at one of our Baltimore Area banking centers or online at wesbanco.com.

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