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Borobudur 1 Pm
BOROBUDUR SHIP RECONSTRUCTION: DESIGN OUTLINE The intention is to develop a reconstruction of the type of large outrigger vessels depicted at Borobudur in a form suitable for ocean voyaging DISTANCES AND DURATION OF VOYAGES and recreating the first millennium Indonesian voyaging to Madagascar and Africa. Distances: Sunda Strait to Southern Maldives: Approx. 1600 n.m. The vessel should be capable of transporting some Maldives to Northern Madagascar: Approx. 1300 n.m. 25-30 persons, all necessary provisions, stores and a cargo of a few cubic metres volume. Assuming that the voyaging route to Madagascar was via the Maldives, a reasonably swift vessel As far as possible the reconstruction will be built could expect to make each leg of the voyage in using construction techniques from 1st millennium approximately two weeks in the southern winter Southeast Asia: edge-doweled planking, lashings months when good southeasterly winds can be to lugs on the inboard face of planks (tambuku) to expected. However, a period of calm can be secure the frames, and multiple through-beams to experienced at any time of year and provisioning strengthen the hull structure. for three-four weeks would be prudent. The Maldives would provide limited opportunity There are five bas-relief depictions of large vessels for re-provisioning. It can be assumed that rice with outriggers in the galleries of Borobudur. They sufficient for protracted voyaging would be carried are not five depictions of the same vessel. While from Java. the five vessels are obviously similar and may be seen as illustrating a distinct type of vessel there are differences in the clearly observed details. -
80-93 a Study of Traditional Boats and Navigational History of Odisha, East
Author version: Man Environ., vol.40(2); 2015; 80-93 A study of Traditional Boats and Navigational History of Odisha, East coast of India Sila Tripati Marine Archaeology Centre CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula, Goa 403 004 Email: [email protected] Abstract It is generally believed that there were seafarers before there were farmers and potters. Man must have used some kind of craft to cross the rivers, seas, bays for collection of food during prehistoric time onwards if not earlier. With regard to the earliest voyages, it is believed that these were made around 60,000 years ago when the sea level was lower and people would have used floats or rafts for the purpose. After many centuries different types of traditional boats were constructed and used for maritime trade, fishing, warfare, etc. Indian epics and regional literature mention different types of vessels and their use and the vessels used in the seas, rivers and lakes are different in their construction, shape and size. Like other littoral states of India, references to a good number of traditional boats of Odisha are found in the contemporary literature namely Pota (dug out), Nauka, Bhela, Chapa and Padhua. There are some traditional boats, for instance teppa, padhua, nauka and patia, which are still in use and built along the Odisha Coast. The present paper details construction techniques of traditional boats of Odisha, their usages, difference between the traditional boats of Odisha and those on other parts of the east coast of India and navigational technology. Keywords: Traditional boats, Navigation, Maritime trade, Odisha, East coast of India 1 Introduction The history of boatbuilding is as old as the relationship between man and the sea. -
25 Upaya Mengoptimalkan Implementasi Aplikasi
UPAYA MENGOPTIMALKAN IMPLEMENTASI APLIKASI INAPORTNET Eko Nur Hidayat1) 1 Program studi Teknika, Politeknik Bumi Akpelni Jl. Pawiyatan Luhur II/17, Bendan Dhuwur, Semarang. *Email: [email protected] Abstrak Era revolusi industri 4.0 ditandai dengan perpaduan teknologi yang mengaburkan batas antara bidang fisik,digital dan biologis, atau secara kolektif yang ditandai dengan munculnya terobosan menghubungkan perangkat apapun satu sama lain melalui internet (Internet of Things). Konsep tersebut juga diterapkan dalam pelayanan public di pelabuhan dengan system inaportnet. Masalah yang terjadi adalah pengguna sering mengalami loss connection sehingga pelayanan dilakukan melalui system manual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode descriptive. Untuk menjamin konektivitas dari pengguna system dengan server, diperlukan konektivitas yang stabil dan mempunyai Service Level Agreement (SLA) yang tinggi. Konektivitas yang perlu dijaga baik dari sisi server maupun dari sisi pengguna. Sistem inaportnet akan berjalan optimal jika dari sisi server system selalu up dan terjamin konektivitasnyadengan kategori minimal tier 3 sedang dari sisi pengguna terjamin konektivitasnya dengan SLA diatas 99%. Optimalisasi dilakukan di kedua sisi baik server maupun pengguna. Hasilnya dengan optimalisasi implementasi inaportnet dapat meminimalisasi keluhan system down sehingga pelayanan kapal dan monitoring pergerakan kapal dan barang (petikemas) ekspor dan impor dapat dioptimalkan. Kata kunci: inaportnet, loss connection, servive level agreement, tier PENDAHULUAN depan, dan bertahan didalamnya,menjadi Revolusi industri 4.0 adalah era industri individu canggih dalam mengelola dan keempat sejak revolusi industri pertama memanfaatkan data, serta mampu bertahan pada abad ke-18. Era revolusi industri 4.0 dengan kecerdasan buatan akan membuat ditandai dengan perpaduan teknologi yang individu survive melewati revolusi industri mengaburkan batas antara bidang 4.0. -
Module 1: Arts and Crafts of Mindanao
Republic of the Philippines Department of Education Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula 7 Zest for Progress Zeal of Partnership ARTS Quarter 3 - Module 1: Arts and Crafts of Mindanao Name of Learner: ___________________________ Grade & Section: ___________________________ Name of School: ___________________________ WHAT I NEED TO KNOW In this module, you will be learning the different arts and crafts of Mindanao – the salient features of arts of Mindanao by showing the relationship of the elements of arts and processes among the diverse cultural communities in the country. Thus, you will also learn how lines, shapes, forms, value, color, texture and space give more meaning and significance to an artwork. This module will help you explore the arts of people of Mindanao and how animism and the Islamic religion fused together and produced a uniquely Filipino artistic tradition. The arts and crafts of Mindanao include their cultural attire, textiles, tapestries, crafts, accessories and body ornaments which are a combination of designs from indigenous people that resides in the regions and the colorful and rich influence from their indigenous belief system. Most of their crafts are made of materials that are abundant in their areas. Their designs are derived from their surroundings and represent their cultural community. Some are used for religious activities while some have utilitarian functions and even became large industry for them. Even until now, the skills in weaving, sculpting and crafting have been an important part of their community. Thus, these become the people’s way of living and their means of survival. These are passed on from generation to generation. -
ABSTRAK YANUAR AL-FIQRI. Perkapalan
ABSTRAK YANUAR AL-FIQRI. Perkapalan Nusantara abad 16-18 Masehi. Skripsi, Jakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Jurusan Sejarah, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, 2015. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh minimnya pembahasan mengenai teknologi perkapalan Nusantara pada perkuliahan di jurusan sejarah fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan teknologi perkapalan Nusantara pada masa abad 16-18 M, yang terdiri dari jenis-jenis kapal, teknik pembuatannya serta ciri-ciri yang dimiliki oleh kapal-kapal Nusantara tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis, dengan langkah-langkahnya yaitu heuristik, kritik ekstern dan intern, verifikasi dan terakhir historiografi. Sumber-sumber sejarah yang digunakan adalah sumber sejarah sekunder, dan didukung oleh sumber-sumber etnografi yaitu pada penjelasan mengenai teknik pembuatan kapal-kapal Nusantara, dikarenakan sumber sejarah yang ada tidak dapat menjelaskan secara lebih rinci mengenai teknik pembuatan kapal. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa teknologi perkapalan Nusantara pada abad 16-18 M memiliki sejarah yang panjang. Teknologi pembuatan perahu lesung orang-orang Austronesia pada masa sebelum masehi menjadi cikal bakal dari teknologi pembuatan kapal dan perahu Nusantara pada masa setelahnya. Pembuatan perahu lesung bercadik Austronesia yang menggunakan teknik Sewn plank-Lashed lug, nantinya berevolusi menjadi kapal-kapal yang lebih besar. Proses evolusi ini disebabkan oleh faktor ekonomi dan teknologi dimana perdagangan laut menjadi semakin ramai dan kebutuhan akan sarana angkutan barang dagangan yang lebih besar dan berteknologi tinggi menjadi syarat utama. Kapal dan perahu Nusantara pada abad 16-18 M seperti kapal Jong, Padewakang, Mayang dan Kora-kora serta perahu-perahu tipe lesung seperti Jukung dan Paduwang dibuat dan digunakan oleh orang-orang Nusantara dengan disesuaikan ciri-cirinya dengan kondisi alam, ketersediaan bahan baku pembuatan serta kondisi sosial ekonomi Nusantara pada masa itu. -
The China-Iran Partnership in a Regional Context
Occasional Paper Series No. 38 l September 2020 Last Among Equals: The China-Iran Partnership in a Regional Context By Lucille Greer and Esfandyar Batmanghelidj INTRODUCTION to reorient the balance of power in the Middle East in defiance of the United States, even In early June 2020, a scan of an 18-page though China’s policy is not to make alliances in document began circulating on Iranian social the region. media. Titled “Final Draft of Iran-China Strategic Partnership Deal,” the document, which While that the leaked document included no appeared to have been leaked from the Iranian financial targets, many news reports stated that Ministry of Foreign Affairs, immediately caused the deal would see China invest $400 billion in a firestorm among the general public and Iran, a completely fictitious number that can politicians alike. Soon, the international media be traced back to a dubious article published picked up the document and headlines blared in the spring of 2019.1 Such errors reflect the that Iran and China were forging a new “alliance” long-running overestimation of China’s economic Middle East Program Occasional Paper Series No. 38 l September 2020 engagement not just in Iran, but also in the wider China’s measured approach to building relationships Middle East. Reporting on potential or promised with several countries despite the mutual financing or investment is rarely balanced by the antagonism in the region. actual amount of capital committed and how it is applied across the region. This is the crucial context that is absent in most recent analysis of this deal and its ramifications. -
The Depictions of the Spice That Circumnavigated the Globe. the Contribution of Garcia De Orta's Colóquios Dos Simples (Goa
The depictions of the spice that circumnavigated the globe. The contribution of Garcia de Orta’s Colóquios dos Simples (Goa, 1563) to the construction of an entirely new knowledge about cloves Teresa Nobre de Carvalho1 University of Lisbon Abstract: Cloves have been prized since Ancient times for their agreeable smell and ther- apeutic properties. With the publication of Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas he Cousas Mediçinais da Índia (Goa, 1563), Garcia de Orta (c. 1500-1568) presented the first modern monographic study of cloves. In this analysis I wish to clarify what kind of information about Asian natural resources (cloves in particular) circulated in Europe, from Antiquity until the sixteenth century, and how the Portuguese medical treatises, led to the emer- gence of an innovative botanical discourse about tropical plants in Early Modern Europe. Keywords: cloves; Syzygium aromaticum L; Garcia de Orta; Early Modern Botany; Asian drugs and spices. Imagens da especiaria que circunavegou o globo O contributo dos colóquios dos simples de Garcia de Orta (Goa, 1563) à construção de um conhecimento totalmente novo sobre o cravo-da-índia. Resumo: O cravo-da-Índia foi estimado desde os tempos Antigos por seu cheiro agradável e propriedades terapêuticas. Com a publicação dos Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas, e Cousas Mediçinais da Índia (Goa, 1563), Garcia de Orta (1500-1568) apresentou o primeiro estudo monográfico moderno sobre tal especiaria. Nesta análise, gostaria de esclarecer que tipo de informação sobre os recursos naturais asiáticos (especiarias em particular) circulou na Eu- ropa, da Antiguidade até o século xvi, e como os tratados médicos portugueses levaram ao surgimento de um inovador discurso botânico sobre plantas tropicais na Europa moderna. -
Meroz-Plank Canoe-Edited1 Without Bold Ital
UC Berkeley Survey Reports, Survey of California and Other Indian Languages Title The Plank Canoe of Southern California: Not a Polynesian Import, but a Local Innovation Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1977t6ww Author Meroz, Yoram Publication Date 2013 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California The Plank Canoe of Southern California: Not a Polynesian Import, but a Local Innovation YORAM MEROZ By nearly a millennium ago, Polynesians had settled most of the habitable islands of the eastern Pacific, as far east as Easter Island and as far north as Hawai‘i, after journeys of thousands of kilometers across open water. It is reasonable to ask whether Polynesian voyagers traveled thousands of kilometers more and reached the Americas. Despite much research and speculation over the past two centuries, evidence of contact between Polynesia and the Americas is scant. At present, it is generally accepted that Polynesians did reach South America, largely on the basis of the presence of the sweet potato, an American cultivar, in prehistoric East Polynesia. More such evidence would be significant and exciting; however, no other argument for such contact is currently free of uncertainty or controversy.1 In a separate debate, archaeologists and ethnologists have been disputing the rise of the unusually complex society of the Chumash of Southern California. Chumash social complexity was closely associated with the development of the plank-built canoe (Hudson et al. 1978), a unique technological and cultural complex, whose origins remain obscure (Gamble 2002). In a recent series of papers, Terry Jones and Kathryn Klar present what they claim is linguistic, archaeological, and ethnographical evidence for prehistoric contact from Polynesia to the Americas (Jones and Klar 2005, Klar and Jones 2005). -
Archipel, 100 | 2020 [En Ligne], Mis En Ligne Le 30 Novembre 2020, Consulté Le 21 Janvier 2021
Archipel Études interdisciplinaires sur le monde insulindien 100 | 2020 Varia Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/archipel/2011 DOI : 10.4000/archipel.2011 ISSN : 2104-3655 Éditeur Association Archipel Édition imprimée Date de publication : 15 décembre 2020 ISBN : 978-2-910513-84-9 ISSN : 0044-8613 Référence électronique Archipel, 100 | 2020 [En ligne], mis en ligne le 30 novembre 2020, consulté le 21 janvier 2021. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/archipel/2011 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/archipel.2011 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 21 janvier 2021. Association Archipel 1 SOMMAIRE In Memoriam Alexander Ogloblin (1939-2020) Victor Pogadaev Archipel a 50 ans La fabrique d’Archipel (1971-1982) Pierre Labrousse An Appreciation of Archipel 1971-2020, from a Distant Fan Anthony Reid Echos de la Recherche Colloque « Martial Arts, Religion and Spirituality (MARS) », 15 et 16 juillet 2020, Institut de Recherches Asiatiques (IRASIA, Université d’Aix-Marseille) Jean-Marc de Grave Archéologie et épigraphie à Sumatra Recent Archaeological Surveys in the Northern Half of Sumatra Daniel Perret , Heddy Surachman et Repelita Wahyu Oetomo Inscriptions of Sumatra, IV: An Epitaph from Pananggahan (Barus, North Sumatra) and a Poem from Lubuk Layang (Pasaman, West Sumatra) Arlo Griffiths La mer dans la littérature javanaise The Sea and Seacoast in Old Javanese Court Poetry: Fishermen, Ports, Ships, and Shipwrecks in the Literary Imagination Jiří Jákl Autour de Bali et du grand Est indonésien Śaivistic Sāṁkhya-Yoga: -
Ships!), Maps, Lighthouses
Price £2.00 (free to regular customers) 03.03.21 List up-dated Winter 2020 S H I P S V E S S E L S A N D M A R I N E A R C H I T E C T U R E 03.03.20 Update PHILATELIC SUPPLIES (M.B.O'Neill) 359 Norton Way South Letchworth Garden City HERTS ENGLAND SG6 1SZ (Telephone; 01462-684191 during my office hours 9.15-3.15pm Mon.-Fri.) Web-site: www.philatelicsupplies.co.uk email: [email protected] TERMS OF BUSINESS: & Notes on these lists: (Please read before ordering). 1). All stamps are unmounted mint unless specified otherwise. Prices in Sterling Pounds we aim to be HALF-CATALOGUE PRICE OR UNDER 2). Lists are updated about every 12-14 weeks to include most recent stock movements and New Issues; they are therefore reasonably accurate stockwise 100% pricewise. This reduces the need for "credit notes" and refunds. Alternatives may be listed in case some items are out of stock. However, these popular lists are still best used as soon as possible. Next listings will be printed in 4, 8 & 12 months time so please indicate when next we should send a list on your order form. 3). New Issues Services can be provided if you wish to keep your collection up to date on a Standing Order basis. Details & forms on request. Regret we do not run an on approval service. 4). All orders on our order forms are attended to by return of post. We will keep a photocopy it and return your annotated original. -
BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Dasar Pemikiran Bangsa Indonesia Sejak
1 BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Dasar Pemikiran Bangsa Indonesia sejak dahulu sudah dikenal sebagai bangsa pelaut yang menguasai jalur-jalur perdagangan. Sebagai bangsa pelaut maka pengetahuan kita akan teknologi perkapalan Nusantara pun seharusnya kita ketahui. Catatan-catatan sejarah serta bukti-bukti tentang teknologi perkapalan Nusantara pada masa klasik memang sangatlah minim. Perkapalan Nusantara pada masa klasik, khususnya pada masa kerajaan Hindu-Buddha tidak meninggalkan bukti lukisan-lukisan bentuk kapalnya, berbeda dengan bangsa Eropa seperti Yunani dan Romawi yang bentuk kapal-kapal mereka banyak terdapat didalam lukisan yang menghiasi benda porselen. Penemuan bangkai-bangkai kapal yang berasal dari abad ini pun tidak bisa menggambarkan lebih lanjut bagaimana bentuk aslinya dikarenakan tidak ditemukan secara utuh, hanya sisa-sisanya saja. Sejak kedatangan bangsa Eropa ke Nusantara pada abad ke 16, bukti-bukti mengenai perkapalan yang dibuat dan digunakan di Nusantara mulai terbuka. Catatan-catatan para pelaut Eropa mengenai pertemuan mereka dengan kapal- kapal Nusantara, serta berbagai lukisan-lukisan kota-kota pelabuhan di Nusantara yang juga dibuat oleh orang-orang Eropa. Sejak abad ke-17, di Eropa berkembang seni lukis naturalistis, yang coba mereproduksi keadaan sesuatu obyek dengan senyata mungkin; gambar dan lukisan yang dihasilkannya membahas juga pemandangan-pemandangan kota, benteng, pelabuhan, bahkan pemandangan alam 2 di Asia, di mana di sana-sini terdapat pula gambar perahu-perahu Nusantara.1 Catatan-catatan Eropa ini pun memuat nama-nama dari kapal-kapal Nusantara ini, yang ternyata sebagian masih ada hingga sekarang. Dengan menggunakan cacatan-catatan serta lukisan-lukisan bangsa Eropa, dan membandingkan bentuk kapalnya dengan bukti-bukti kapal yang masih digunakan hingga sekarang, maka kita pun bisa memunculkan kembali bentuk- bentuk kapal Nusantara yang digunakan pada abad-abad 16 hingga 18. -
14Th Sakyadhita International Conference for Buddhist Women
14th Sakyadhita International Conference for Buddhist Women http://www.sakyadhita.org/conferences/14th-si-con/14th-si-con-abstracts... Home Conferences Act Locally Resources Contact Online Resources 14th Sakyadhita International Conference June 23-30, 2015 "Compass ion & Social Justice" Yogyakarta, Indonesia Conference Program* *Please note this program is subject to change. - Bahasa Indonesa Language Program - English Language Program - French Language Program - German Language Program Register for the 14th SI Conference Click here to register for the 14th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women. 14th SI Conference Brochure Conference Abstracts: Click here to download a brochure for the 2015 SI Conference on Buddhist Women. Additional "Compassion and Social Justice" languages below: 14th Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women - Bahasa Indonesia Language Brochure Yogyakarta, Indonesia - Simplified Chinese Language Brochure June 23-30, 2015 - Traditional Chinese Language Brochure - English Language Brochure - French Language Brochure A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z - German Language Brochure - Japanese Language Brochure - Korean Language Brochure Read All Abstracts - Russian Language Brochure - Spanish Language Brochure PDF of this page - Tibetan Language Brochure Conference & Tour Details Click here for more information on the 14th SI A Conference, and tour details. Yogyakarta, Indonesia Ayya Santini Establishing the Bhikkhuni Sangha in