BRUNEI DARUSSALAM HOUSEHOLD ICT SURVEY REPORT 2013 disclaimer

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02 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 contents

Message from the Chief Executive 04 1 Introduction 05 2 Methodology 06 2.1 Overview 06 2.2 Geographical Diagram 07 2.3 Structure (Demographic Information) 07

3 Findings of the Household ICT Survey 10 3.1 Household Section 10 3.1.1 Available Services And Devices In Households 10 3.1.2 Number of Devices in Households 12 3.1.3 Internet Access In Households 13 3.1.4 Amount of Household Members Using The Internet 14 3.1.5 Type of Internet Access 14 3.1.6 Monthly Household Spend On ICT Devices 15 3.1.7 Computer Protection 15 3.1.8 Reasons For No Internet Access In Household 16 3.1.9 Media Usage 17 3.1.10 Social Media Usage 20

3.2 Individual Section 22 3.2.1 Usage of Devices 22 3.2.2 Frequency of Use 23 3.2.3 Personal Internet Usage 24 3.2.4 Quality of Internet Access 24 3.2.5 Internet Fee Perception 25 3.2.6 Ideal Monthly Internet Fee 26 3.2.7 Frequency of Internet Usage 26 3.2.8 Location of Internet Usage 27 3.2.9 Purpose of Internet Usage 28 3.2.10 Language of Internet Sites Used 28 3.2.11 Reasons For No Personal Internet Usage 29

Appendix A – List of Charts & Tables 30 Appendix B – List of Acronyms 31

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 03 message from the Chief Executive

This report represents the second publication of the Household ICT Survey conducted in 2013 by Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry of Brunei Darussalam (AITI). Along with the series of questions used for the first time in 2010, this survey has been extended to include findings on broadcasting, broadband and social media to ensure that the statistics gathered remain relevant.

This report provides basic indicators of the ICT situation in households in Brunei Darussalam. It also facilitates an assessment and monitoring of the extent to which Bruneian households have access to ICT and its related facilities.

The 2013 survey shows a marked increase in mobile data growth driven by the rise of affordable mobile devices and social media use most probably caused by the fact that users prefer to get their information instantly no matter where they are. There is a corresponding decrease in household use of desktops, further supporting the finding that device and internet use has become more personal to the user. This is consistent with global trends which show a rise in the time spent using social networking, gaming and eCommerce apps as opposed to communications on their smart devices.

The response to the survey is very encouraging and I would like to thank those who responded to the survey and the people who involved in compiling, designing and contributing to the development of this report for without their cooperation this survey would not be a success.

Haji Yahkup bin Haji Menudin Chief Executive Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry of Brunei Darussalam (AITI)

04 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 introduction

The Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry of Brunei Darussalam (AITI) has conducted its second Household ICT Survey in February 2013, the first was conducted in 2010. Rennovo Solutions Sdn Bhd was engaged to gather a selected set of ICT related data which enables analysis of ICT penetration in Brunei households; it provides data on basic indicators of the ICT situation in households, its trends and usage. The survey covered 8,007 households and individuals across the entire country.

The survey was divided into two parts – household and individual. This allows capturing information about both units, for example how many households have access to the internet (household level), as well as the type and of frequency of online activities (individual level). Given the sampling design, i.e. stratified random sampling, results are representative for both households and individuals.

This report shows key findings from the information areas addressed in the survey questionnaire. Additional information was included in this year’s survey involving questions on broadcasting, broadband and social media in Brunei Darussalam.

From the survey results, the key findings of the household and individual sections are:

Household Section Individual Section

All households surveyed have access to About 2 out of 3 individuals in Brunei are electricity, have a TV and mobile phones. using the internet – there is a slight increase in personal usage compared to 2010. About half of the households surveyed have access to the internet – there is a very There seem to be an issues with the quality minimal increase since 2010. of internet access as well as cost - overall quality is perceived as rather poor, and Within the households with internet access, cost as too high. an average of 4.6 household members are using the internet. The ideal fee for internet is on average B$34.

The majority of households access the There is a clear increase in individuals internet via fixed broadband. accessing the internet via a mobile device (50% compared to 38% in 2010). Households with no internet access claim costs as the main reason. The main reason for using the internet is entertainment, information about goods and services, and emails.

Individuals not using the internet claim lack of interest and costs as key reasons.

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 05 methodology

2.1 Overview

• Topic: Info – Communications Technology • Coverage: Nationwide • Approach: Representative household survey • Sampling Method: Stratified, multi – stage random sampling • Selection of Respondent: Kish Grid • Sample Size: 8,007 interviews (approximate of all 12% of household) • Respondents: Household members age 5 – 75 • Method: Paper & Pencil Interview (Self – completion) • Timelines: February - April 2013 • Reporting and statistical units: Households and Individuals • Sampling Error: 1.1 (95% confidence interval for total sample)

Number Size Error • 8007 ±1.1% • 4000 ±1.5% • 1000 ±3.1% • 500 ±4.4%

The sampling methodology and approach had to take into consideration the specific situation of Brunei, i.e. its division into 4 Districts (Daerah), 38 Sub-Districts (Mukims) and almost 400 villages (kampongs).

To collect the ICT information, we employed a probability sampling design. This means that every single population unit (i.e. household and individual) in the sampling frame had a known and non-zero chance of being selected into the survey sample.

Based on available census information about Brunei, we could allocate the respective number of households to be surveyed for each district, sub-district and villages. The smallest sampling unit was a village.

Selection of households within each village was done using a randomly selected starting point, and then following a standard random route approach, i.e. interviewers were advised to contact every nth household.

The respondents for the survey were selected among all eligible members of the household using a Kish tables / Kish Grid. Kish tables provide a method by which each eligible person in a household has an equal probability of selection into the survey sample. The selected respondent then gave information on a household level (e.g. Internet Access available?) as well as personal level (e.g. what is the internet used for?).

06 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 methodology

2.2 Geographical Diagram (by Districts)

1 - Belait 2 - Brunei-Muara 3 - Temburong 2 4 - Tutong

4 3 1

2.3 Structure (Demographic Information)

Age distribution

50

40

24 30 23 21 18 20 12

10 3

0 -15 16 - 24 25 - 34 35 - 44 45 - 60 60+

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 07 methodology

Gender distribution

100 90 80 54 70 46 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Female Male

Household size distribution

50

40

30

20 16 14 15 11 9 10 8 5 5 5 3 2 2 2 1 1 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15+

08 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 methodology

Education distribution

50

40 37

30

20

11 9 10 8 7 6 7 5 3 4 3 0 0

Ph.D Others Vocational Still in School Master Degree Still inFinished University Primary Bachelor Degree National Diploma No Formal Education Finished Secondary Higher National Diploma

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 09 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.1 Household Section

3.1.1 Available Services And Devices In Households

Electricity 98

Mobile Phone 98

Regular TV Set 83

Laptop Computer 80

Radio 77

Kristal 72

Digital TV Set 67

Telephone (fixed line) 50

Tablets 44

Personal Computer 38

TVRO 29

Smart TV 7

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

fig 3.1.1a: Available Services And Devices In Households

99 98 99 99 98 98 100 2010 2013

90 83 80 77 80 76

70 63

60 50 51 50 38 40

30

20

10

0 Electricity TV Mobile Phone Radio Laptop Telephone Personal (Fixed) Computer

fig 3.1.1b: Comparison of service availability and devices in households by year (2010 and 2013)

10 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

Figure 3.1.1a shows the number of services available in each household which shows that almost all households in Brunei have access to electricity; own at least one TV set and mobile phone. However, there is a decrease in the ownership of radio, fixed telephone and personal computers as shown in figure 3.1.1b. This indicates that people prefer to own mobile devices for on-the-go access.

There is a strong correlation between income (personal and household) and the availability of certain devices, especially laptop computers, Kristal-Astro, regular and digital TV, tablets and smart TVs, i.e. the higher the income the more devices are available in the households. Tablets and smartphones are overall more popular among younger respondents.

Clear decrease in the household with both - -

------devices; laptop only - 50 - 45 45 jumped from - -

- 31% to 45%

-

- 35 40 31 - -

- 2010 2013 - 30 -

- 18

17 - -

20 - - - 6

-

- 3

10 - - - -

- -

-

0 -

------Laptop Only PC & Laptop - None PC Only -

fig 3.1.1c: Comparison of service availability and devices in households by year (2010 and 2013)

Overall, the household penetration for laptop computers is 80% (up from 76% in 2010), PC is 38% (down from 51% in 2010). About one-third of all households in Brunei (35%) have both devices (PC and Laptop). 17% of households (down from 18% in 2010) has neither a PC nor a Laptop at home. 45% (up from 31% in 2010) of households only have laptops, while 3% (down from 6% in 2010) have only PC at home. There is a clear trend for increased usage of laptop exclusively.

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 11 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.1.2 Number of Devices in Households

Mobile Phone 4.8

Laptop Computer 2.3

Regular TV Set 2.1 For example, households have Digital TV Set 1.8 an average of 4.8 Tablets 1.7 mobile phones at home Radio 1.4

Smart TV 1.3

Personal Computer 1.3

Telephone (fixed line) 1.1

Kristal Astro 1.0

TVRO 1

0 1 2 3 4 5

fig 3.1.2a Number of devices in households

4.8 5.0 4.6

4.5 2010 2013

4.0

3.5

3.0 2.3 2.2 2.5 1.6 2.0 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0 Mobile Phone Laptop Radio Personal Computer Telephone (Fixed)

fig 3.1.2b Comparison of Number of devices in households by year (2010 and 2013)

There is a slight increase in number of mobile phones and laptops from 2010 to 2013. This suggests a clear trend away from desktop PC usage.

12 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.1.3 Internet Access In Households

Results in 2013 indicate a slight increase in total household internet access – 63% in 2013 compared to 60% in 2010.

Internet access: Household and mobile 2010 2013 Yes 60 63 No 40 37

Yes No

63 37

fig 3.1.3a Internet access in households for 2013

The highest access rate can be found in Brunei Muara, followed by Belait, Tutong and Temburong. Access to the internet is especially high in households with children still in school / university and in high-education households. Access to the internet is also strongly correlated to household income. Generally speaking, high income household shows higher internet penetration.

100 Yes No 90

80 68 70 60 56 56 60 44 44 50 40

40 32

30

20

10

0 Brunei Muara Belait Tutong Temburong

fig 3.1.3b Internet access in households for 2013 by district

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 13 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.1.4 Amount of Household Members Using The Internet

25

Average: 4.6 members 20 (2010 Average): 4 members)

16 16 15 14 15 12

10 8 6 5 5 5 3

0 1 member 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

fig 3.1.4a Number of household members using the Internet

Figure 3.1.4a shows the average number of household members using the internet to be is 4.6 members. This is an improvement from 4 members in 2010. The increased number of broadband (fixed and mobile) subscribers contributes to this growing number.

3.1.5 Type of Internet Access

The chart shows the type of internet access available in the household. There is no major change in terms of preferred internet access in household. The majority of households are using fixed broadband to access the internet, followed by mobile broadband. Other means of accessing the internet are hardly used.

100

90

80 2010 2013

70 59 60

60

50 34 32 40

30

20 4 2 3 5 10

0 Fixed Broadband Mobile Broadband Narrowband (Dial Up) Others

fig 3.1.5a Number of household members using the Internet

14 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.1.6 Monthly Household Spend On ICT Devices

Figure 3.1.6a below indicates a clear increase in household spending for the internet and decrease in spending for ICT devices, while spending for other services remain fairly stable.

150 2010 2013

130 106 106 106 110 94

90 69

70

50 30 25 25

30

10

Mobile Phone ICT Devices Internet Telephone (fixed) -10

fig 3.1.6a Comparison of monthly expenditures on ICT devices by year (2010 and 2013)

3.1.7 Computer Protection

Only about 3 out of 4 households say all their computers are protected against computer viruses from the internet.

100

90 74 80

70

60

50

40

30 14 6 20 6

10

0 Yes All Yes Some No Don't Know

fig 3.1.7a Computer protection (2013)

There is a decrease in computers being protected by firewalls or anti-virus software, from 89% in 2010 to 74% in 2013. The increased usage of laptops obviously correlates with less protection, making computers vulnerable to computer viruses from the internet.

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 15 findings of the Household ICT Survey

89 90 74 80

70 2010 2013

60

50

40

30 14 10 20 6 6 1 1 10

0 Yes All Yes Some No Don't Know

fig 3.1.7b Comparison of computer protection in households by year (2010 and 2013)

3.1.8 Reasons For No Internet Access In Household

Costs too high 39

Not Interested 27

14 Access elsewhere

13 Others

13 Lack of Skills

10 Not Available

3 Safety Concerns

0 10 20 30 40 50

fig 3.1.8a Reasons for no internet access in household (2013)

High costs, though not as often mentioned in 2013 as compared to 2010, are still the main reason for households not accessing the internet. And about a quarter of all households with no internet simply do not have an interest in it.

16 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

50 46

39 40 2010 2013

30 27 23

17 20 15 13 14 13 13 9 10 6 10 3

0 Costs are too Not interested Lack of Have access to Others Internet access Concerns about high knowledge / internet not available in safety and skills elsewhere my area security

fig 3.1.8b Comparison of not having internet access in household by year (2010 and 2013)

3.1.9 Media Usage

88 Watch TV

87 Watch Kristal Astro

60 Watch TVRO

53 Radio

52 Watch RTB

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

fig 3.1.9a Household’s preferred media

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 17 findings of the Household ICT Survey

RTB 42

Kristal FM 42

37 RTB Harmoni

24 RTB Nur Islam

21 Radio Al-Quran

17 RTB Nasional

14 RTB Pilihan

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

fig 3.1.9b Preferred local radio station

69 Kristal Astro

45 RTB

17 TVRO

7 RTB Digital

2 Others

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

fig 3.1.9c TV provider that is most watched on a daily basis

18 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

Berita 39

News 20

RTB 13

Drama 9

Korean Drama 6

Others 4

2 Rampai pagi

1 Documentaries

1 Sport

0 10 20 30 40 50

fig 3.1.9d Preferred RTB programs

Astro RIA 29 HBO 19 Cartoon Network 15 Others 12 10 TV3 8 Disney 7 Discovery 7 7 6 ESPN 5 AXN 5 Fox 5 TV1 4 Citra 3 TV2 3 Starmovies 3 Drama 3 National Geographic 2 AFC 2 CNN 2 MTV 2 History 2 Astro Bella 2 BBC 1 Cinemax 1 0 10 20 30 40 50

fig 3.1.9e Preferred KRISTAL ASTRO programs / channels

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 19 findings of the Household ICT Survey

Indo Siar 26

SCTV 24

MNC 22

RCCTI 19

Others 17

Global TV 15

Metro 5

Sinetron 4

TPI 4

Trans TV 4

Trans 7 4 TVRI 2 ANTV 1 Indonesian 1 RCT1 1 TVI 1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

fig 3.1.9f Preferred TVRO programs / channels

TVRO usage on average over 5 years.

3.1.10 Social Media Usage

Facebook 78

45 Instagram

33 Google +

26 Twitter

15 Others

12 None

5 Path

3 Flickr

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

fig 3.1.10a Social media usage

20 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

100

90

80 Access Social Media Account Update Status 68 70

60

50 40

40 28 30 21 15 14 20 6 10 2 1 3 1 2

0 daily several times a once a week once every two monthly less often week weeks

fig 3.1.10b Frequency of social media usage

From figure 3.1.10a, it is interesting to note that only 1 out of 10 households do not use social media. The top 2 mostly used social media applications / programs are Facebook and Instagram.

Figure 3.1.10b shows that social media users are active – 68% access their social media accounts daily.

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 21 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.1 Individual Section

3.2.1 Usage of Devices

Mobile Phone 90

TV 89

66 Radio

64 Laptop Computer

36 Telephone (fixed line)

30 Personal Computer

29 Tablet

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

fig 3.2.1a Usage of devices

100 96 94 89 90 90 2010 2013

76 80 68 66 70 64

60 55

50 41 36 40 30

30

20

10

0 TV Mobile Phone Radio Laptop Telephone (fixed) Personal Computer

fig 3.2.1b Comparison of usage of devices by year (2010 and 2013)

22 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.2.2 Frequency of Use

93 Mobile Phone

83 TV

66 Tablet

59 Laptop Computer

56 Radio

37 Personal Computer

29 Telephone (fixed line)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

fig 3.2.2a Frequency of use

100 93 91 89 2010 2013 90 83

80

70 64 59 54 56 60

50 37 34 34 40 29 30

20

10

0 Mobile Phone TV Laptop Radio Personal Computer Telephone (fixed)

fig 3.2.2b Comparison of frequency of by year (2010 and 2013)

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 23 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.2.3 Personal Internet Usage Yes No

32 %

68 %

fig 3.2.3a Personal Internet usage

Using the Internet 2010 2013 Yes 67 68 No 33 32

table 3.2.3a Comparison of personal internet usage by year (2010 and 2013)

68% of respondents are personally using the internet; this marks a slight increase compared to 2010. Internet usage correlated with education, income and age, i.e. users with higher income and education are more likely to use the internet. Usage of internet is also highest among the age group of 16-24 years old.

3.2.4 Quality of Internet Access

50 Dial Up Fixed Broadband Mobile Broadband

40

31 32 29 28 28 28 30

23 20 20

20 16

13 13

7 10 7 5

0 excellent very good good fair poor

fig 3.2.4a Quality of internet access 24 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

50 2010 2013

40 33 30 27 30 27 27

17 20 14 11 9 7 10

0 excellent very good good fair poor

fig 3.2.4b Comparison of internet quality by year (2010 and 2013)

3.2.5 Internet Fee Perception

49 50

44 41

40 37

31 31

30 Dial Up 21 18 Fixed Broadband 20 16 Mobile Broadband

10 5 3 2 1 0 1

0 very expensive expensive just right cheap very cheap

fig 3.2.5a Internet fee perception

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 25 findings of the Household ICT Survey

About half of the respondents perceive internet access fees as expensive and very expensive. In comparison with the 2010 survey, more responded that the fees are too high.

3.2.6 Ideal Monthly Internet Fee

The table below show the respondents’ opinion on the ideal fee for broadband subscription:

Personal Income HH Income Ideal Fee Total No Low Mid High No Low Mid High Income Income Income Income Income Income Income Income

Mean Value 33.8 35.0 32.9 34.5 35.6 38.9 32.3 33.1 36.1

table 3.2.6a Ideal monthly fee

The ideal monthly fee for broadband is at the average of $34 compared to 2010 which was $30.

3.2.7 Frequency of Internet Usage

Respondents with internet access are mainly using it daily (76%) or at least several times a week (15%); this marks a clear increase since 2010, i.e. the internet is used more often compared to 2 years ago. Most of the users are those in the age range of 16-24 years old. One possible reason is the growth of social media usage.

100

90 76 80

70

60

50

40

30 15 20 6 2 0 1 10

0 daily several times a once a week once every two monthly less often week weeks

fig 3.2.7a Frequency of internet usage

26 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.2.8 Location of Internet Usage

Internet usage over the last 12 months

Most often Used Location

At home 69 (69) 76 (64.5)

Any place via Mobile Phone 50 (38.1) 11 (11.0)

At work 46 (38.5) 6 (14.5)

Place of Education 25 (22.8) 2 (3.2)

Other Person Home 25 (23) 2 (2.3)

Any place via Mobile Access Device 23 (8.8) 1 (0.9)

Community Facility 12 (10) 1 (0.9)

Commercial Facility 12 (22.1) 0 (2.1)

Others 2 (2.6) 0 (0.5)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

fig 3.2.8a Location of internet usage

The chart shows that the internet is most frequently used at home, with a secondary location of on the go with a mobile phone network connection. Comparing to the 2010 results (shown in bracket), respondents use the internet more in any other places than at their workplace. This means that people these days prefer to get connected not just at home and workplace but also elsewhere by using their mobile devices.

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 27 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.2.9 Purpose of Internet Usage

Entertainment 64

Information about Good & Services 64

Emails 62

Education 54

News & Books 53

Gaming 51

Posting information 49

Information about health 40

Download Software 39

Purchase Goods & Services 38

Interacting with Government 35

Information about Government 35

Internet banking 28

VOIP 22

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

fig 3.2.9a Purpose of internet usage

The chart above shows the reasons of respondent on the usage of the internet over the last 12 months. The main reasons for using the internet are entertainment, favoured mostly by respondents of age 34 and below.

3.2.10 Language of Internet Sites Used

87 English

13 Bahasa Melayu

1 Others

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

fig 3.2.10a Language of internet sites used

The above chart shows the languages of the website visited most often by the respondents. English is the main language for almost all internet sites visited. Only 1 out of 10 respondents are using mainly sites in Bahasa Melayu. This also indicates a high level of understanding of the English language.

Language 2010 2013 Bahasa Melayu 9 13 English 91 87 Others 0 1

28 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 findings of the Household ICT Survey

3.2.11 Reasons For No Personal Internet Usage

38 Not Interested

28 Cost Too High

25 Lack of Skills

11 Internet Not Available

11 Others

3 Safety Concerns

0 10 20 30 40 50

fig 3.2.11a Reasons for not using the internet

The table above shows the reasons why the respondent did not access internet over last 12 months. Respondents not using the internet claim manly three reasons: no interest, high cost or lack of knowledge. This point to a certain need for more internet-education as well as some form of financial support (mainly for low income households).

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 29 Appendix A – List of charts & tables

CHARTS DESCRIPTION PAGE 3.1.1a Available Services And Devices In Households 10 3.1.1b Comparison of service availability and devices in households by year (2010 and 2013) 10 3.1.1c Comparison of service availability and devices in households by year (2010 and 2013) 11 3.1.2a Number of devices in households 12 3.1.2b Comparison of Number of devices in households by year (2010 and 2013) 12 3.1.3a Internet access in households for 2013 13 3.1.3b Internet access in households for 2013 by district 13 3.1.4a Number of household members using the Internet 14 3.1.5a Number of household members using the Internet 14 3.1.6a Comparison of monthly expenditures on ICT devices by year (2010 and 2013) 15 3.1.7a Computer protection (2013) 15 3.1.7b Comparison of computer protection in households by year (2010 and 2013) 16 3.1.8a Reasons for no internet access in household (2013) 16 3.1.8b Comparison of not having internet access in household by year (2010 and 2013) 17 3.1.9a Household’s preferred media 17 3.1.9b Preferred local radio station 18 3.1.9c TV provider that is most watched on a daily basis 18 3.1.9d Preferred RTB programs 19 3.1.9e Preferred KRISTAL ASTRO programs/channels 19 3.1.9f Preferred TVRO programs/channels 20 3.1.10a Social media usage 20 3.1.10b Frequency of social media usage 21 3.2.1a Usage of devices 22 3.2.1b Comparison of usage of devices by year (2010 and 2013) 22 3.2.2a Frequency of use 23 3.2.2b Comparison of frequency of by year (2010 and 2013) 23 3.2.3a Personal internet usage 24 3.2.4a Quality of internet access 24 3.2.4b Comparison of internet quality by year (2010 and 2013) 25 3.2.5a Internet fee perception 25 3.2.7a Frequency of internet usage 26 3.2.8a Location of internet usage 27 3.2.9a Purpose of internet usage 28 3.2.10a Language of internet sites used 28 3.2.11a Reasons for not using the internet 29

TABLES DESCRIPTION PAGE table 3.2.3a Comparison of personal internet usage by year (2010 and 2013) 24 table 3.2.6a Ideal monthly fee 26

30 Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 Appendix B – List of Acronyms

ACRONYMS DESCRIPTION AITI Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry of Brunei Darussalam ICT Info-communications Technology PC Desktop personal computer TVRO Television Receive Only RTB Radio Televisyen Brunei Kristal Astro Multi-channel pay-TV Service

Brunei Household ICT Survey Report 2013 31 AITI www. aiti. gov. bn

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