J.S. Bach’s Chaconne for Solo Violin: A Performer- Composer’s Approach to Interpretation
Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation
Authors Abraham, Immanuel Tzemach
Publisher The University of Arizona.
Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction, presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author.
Download date 10/10/2021 14:58:57
Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/631897 1
J.S. BACH’S CHACONNE FOR SOLO VIOLIN:
A PERFORMER-COMPOSER’S APPROACH TO INTERPRETATION
by
Immanuel Tzemach Abraham
—————————————————————————————————
Copyright © Immanuel Tzemach Abraham 2019
A Document Submitted to the Faculty Of:
THE FRED FOX SCHOOL OF MUSIC
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree of
DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS
VIOLIN PERFORMANCE
In The Graduate College:
THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
2019 2!2 3
STATEMENT BY AUTHOR:
This document has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under the rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that an accurate acknowledgement of the source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or Dean of the Graduate College when, in their judgment, the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In any and all other instances permission must be obtained directly from the author.
SIGN:
PRINT: Immanuel Tzemach Abraham 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
To the following individuals, I would like to express my sincere gratitude for their support in the successful completion of this academic endeavor at the University of Arizona, Fred Fox School of Music.
I thank my violin instructor, Professor Lauren Roth. You have been a phenomenal teacher, caring advisor, and steadfast advocate of my every musical endeavor here. Thank you for your guidance, support, patience, and friendship. I am eternally grateful.
I thank my composition instructor, Dr. Daniel Asia. You have guided the advancement of my written musical language while never compromising any part of my voice for another’s. Thank you for expanding the collection of tools with which I communicate my music.
I thank my orchestral conductor, Dr. Thomas Cockrell. It has been an honor to work under your direction over the past few years, and I greatly look forward to more in the future.
I thank my previous instructors, Guillaume Combet (2004-2009), Gabriel Bolkosky (2009-2011), Andrew Jennings (2011-2015), David Halen (Orchestral Repertoire), Aaron Berofsky (Baroque Repertoire) and Yizhak Schotten (Viola).
I thank Professor Lauren Roth, Dr. Philip Aléjo, Dr. John T. Brobeck, Professor R. Thomas Patterson, Dr. Yuanyuan (Kay) He and Dr. Theodore Buchholz for serving on my dissertation committee. I also thank Dr. Daniel Asia, Dr. Pamela Decker, and Professor Timothy Kantor, for serving on my comprehensive committee.
Finally, I thank the friends to whom it is due, for their moral support and encouragement: Aaron & Afa Dworkin, Andrea Lara-García, Spencer Miller, Jasmine Reese, Adan Rico, Casey Shaw, Fritz & Gretchen Stansell, et al.
DEDICATIONS:
To My Loving Parents: Micheala Bharati Washington & Dr. Eliahu Ben Abraham (1946-2010) 5
Table of Contents List of Musical Examples………………………….……………………………….……………..6 Abstract………………………………………..…………………………….…..….……..………9 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………10
Chapter 1. The Compositional Approach: An Interpretive Tradition…….……….…..……...….16 1.1 What is The Compositional Approach?…………………………..……….…………16 1.2 Reasons for the Compositional Approach……………………………………………19 1.3 A 19th - 21st Century Practice of Performer-Composers.………….…………….……21 1.4 Was Bach Not Good Enough?.………………………………………….…….……..26
Chapter 2. Bach’s Original Chaconne……………………………………………………...…….29 2.1 What is a Chaconne? Facts and Attributes………..……………………………….…29 2.2 The Bach Chaconne…………………………………….……………………………32
Chapter 3. Ferruccio Busoni’s 1892 Chaconne…………………………………………………..37 3.1 Applying the Compositional Approach: Honoring the Original…….……….………37 3.2 Subjective Translation of the Baroque………………………………………….……41
Chapter 4. Andrés Segovia’s 1934 Chaconne……………………………………..……..…..…..51 4.1 Subjective Clarifications…..…….……………………………………………….…..51 4.2 Changes for Technical Practicality…………………….…..…………………...……57
Chapter 5. Immanuel Abraham’s 2018 Chaconne…….………….…………………….……….…59 5.1 Indicating Interpretation: Mood and Tempo Fluctuation.…………..……………..…59 5.2 Vertical Changes: Expansions of Harmony and Range…………….….……….……67 5.3 Horizontal Changes: Six New Variations and Other Additions.………..…….82
Chapter 6. Conclusions and Abraham Edition (Complete)………………………..……………..92 6.1 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………..92 6.2 Analysis Abbreviations….………………………………………….…………..……95 6.3 “Ciaccona,” Abraham Edition (Complete): Annotated Score………….….…..….…97
Works Cited…………………………………………………………………………………….106 6
List of Musical Examples
Musical Example 1. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Mendelssohn, for Violin and Fortepiano, mm.1-13, vars.1-3…………………………………….…….….………….…22
Musical Example 2. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor: Variation 1 Harmonic Progression…………………………………………………………………….…………34
Musical Example 3. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1004, “Chaconne,” mm. 1-5, var. 1……………………………………………………….……….………….…………35
Musical Example 4. Diagram of Modal Divisions in Bach, Partita No. 2; “Chaconne” …………………………………………………………………………………..……….36
Musical Example 5. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Busoni for Piano, mm.1-8, vars. 1-2………………………………………….……………………………..………..38
Musical Example 6. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1004, “Chaconne,” mm. 25-29, var. 7……………………………………………………………………….………….…39
Musical Example 7. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Busoni for Piano, mm. 25-29, var. 7..…………………………………………………….…….…….…………41
Musical Example 8. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Busoni for Piano, mm. 181-183, var. 44-45……………………………………………………………….…..…46
Musical Example 9. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Busoni for Piano, mm. 166-168, var. 41..………………….……………………………….………..……….…..46
Musical Example 10. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Busoni for Piano, mm. 73-77, var. 19………………………………….…………………………………………50
Musical Example 11. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1004, “Chaconne” (manuscript), mm. 125-127, var. 32………….……….….……………………………………………..53
Musical Example 12. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1004, “Chaconne” (manuscript), mm. 1-5, var. 1.…….…………….……………….……….….…………………………54
Musical Example 13. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Segovia for Guitar, mm. 1-5, var. 1…….……..…….…………………….….…….………….…….….…….54 7
Musical Example 14. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed Segovia for Guitar, mm. 18-21, var. 10…………………..……………………………..….…….….……….56
Musical Example 15. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Segovia for Guitar, mm. 57-60, var. 15..……………………………………………..……….…….….……56
Musical Example 16. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,”ed. Segovia for Guitar, mm. 1-5, var. 1.………………….………………………………………….……………57
Musical Example 17. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin A.mm.1-5, A.var. 1……………………………………………….………………61
Musical Example 18. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor,“Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.var. 23, mm. 91-96 into A.var. 24..………………………….………….…….64
Musical Example 19. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 104-07, A.var. 27……………….……………………….…….………….65
Musical Example 20. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 129-32, A.var. 33.………….….…………………………….……..……66
Musical Example 21. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 133-38, A.var. 34……………….…..……………………………………66
Musical Example 22. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 13-16, A.var. 4………………………………………………..…………69
Musical Example 23. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 97-99, A.var. 25………………………………………….………………70
Musical Example 24. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 25-28, A.var. 7 (N.V. 1)……..……………………………………………71 Musical Example 25. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 33-36, A.var. 9…………………….…….………….………………….…72
Musical Example 26. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 65-68, A.var. 17………..………….………….…………………..………73
Musical Example 27. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1004, “Chaconne” (manuscript), B.mm. 79-80, B.var. 16………………….………….………….…………….…….…….74
Musical Example 28. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 95-96, A.var. 24…………………………………..…….………..………74 8
Musical Example 29. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 97-99, A.var. 21………………….………….……………………………75
Musical Example 30. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, BWV 1004, “Chaconne” (manuscript), B.mm. 160-176, B.vars. 41-45…………….…….………….………….…………….…77
Musical Example 31. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 177-184, A.var. 45……..………….………….…….…….………………78
Musical Example 32. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 185-192, A.var. 47……….……….………….………….…………….….79
Musical Example 33. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 272-282, A.vars. 68-70……….……….………….………………….…..81
Musical Example 34. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 25-33, A vars. 7-8 into A.var. 9…………….………….…………………83
Musical Example 35. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 45-48, A.var.11…………….…….……….………….……….….………84
Musical Example 36. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 104-32, A.vars. 27-33…………………….………….……….….………87
Musical Example 37. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 73-80, A.vars. 19-20…………………….………….…………….….….88
Musical Example 38. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 217-220, A.var. 55.………………….……………….…….…….….….89
Musical Example 39. Bach, Partita No. 2 in D Minor, “Chaconne,” ed. Abraham for Modern Violin, A.mm. 230-37, A.vars. 69-70.……………….………….…………..…….…….91