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nilotica (Common -billed )

European Red List of

Supplementary Material

The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015).

Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 3 Sources of reported national population data p. 5 factsheet bibliography p. 7

Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.

Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/

Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected].

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Gelochelidon nilotica (-billed Tern)

Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (pairs)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Albania 1-5 <1 2002-2012 medium 0 0 2002-2012 medium - 10-30 1980-2012 poor Armenia 3-10 <1 2002-2012 poor ? ? Bulgaria 2-8 <1 2005-2012 good 0 1-5 2000-2012 good - 50-70 1980-2012 medium G. n. nilotica, Black Sea & East Mediterranean/ Eastern Africa Denmark 1 <1 2011 good - 50-100 2000-2011 good - 50-100 1980-2011 good G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa France 503 3 2008-2012 good + 100-110 2001-2012 good + 160-170 1982-2012 good G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Germany 41-44 <1 2005-2009 good F 0 1998-2008 good - 21-50 1985-2009 medium G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Greece 180-280 1 2009 good 0 0 2000-2009 good - 10-20 1980-2009 good G. n. nilotica, Black Sea & East Mediterranean/ Eastern Africa Italy 543-551 3 2002 good ? + 200-210 1983-2002 good G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Portugal 1,000-2,000 8 2008-2012 medium + 2001-2012 medium ? G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Romania 5-10 <1 2008-2013 medium ? - 1-19 1980-2012 poor G. n. nilotica, Black Sea & East Mediterranean/ Eastern Africa Russia 4,000-5,000 24 2000-2009 medium + 5-30 2000-2012 medium F 0 1980-2012 poor Spain 5,764-5,777 31 2007 good + 10 1998-2009 good + 1980-2009 medium G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Turkey 537-1,033 4 1998-2012 medium - 50-69 2000-2012 medium - 10-29 1990-2013 medium Ukraine 4,000-6,000 26 2000 medium - 20-40 1998-2009 medium - 25-50 1980-2012 medium EU27 8,000-9,200 46 Increasing Europe 16,600-21,200 100 Increasing 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Trend maps

A symbol appears in each country where the species occurs: the shape and colour of the symbol represent the population trend in that country, and the size of the symbol corresponds to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.

KEY

Ç Large increase (≥50%) È Large decrease (≥50%) Ç Moderate increase (20–49%) È Moderate decrease (20–49%) Ç Small increase (<20%) È Small decrease (<20%) ñ Increase of unknown magnitude ò Decrease of unknown magnitude

å Stable or fluctuating 0 Unknown ¢ Present (no population or trend data) Ð Extinct since 1980

Each symbol, with the exception of Present and Extinct, may occur in up to three different size classes, corresponding to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country. ñ Large: ≥10% of the European population ñ Medium: 1–9% of the European population ñ Small: <1% of the European population

The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Figure 1. Breeding population sizes and short-term trends across Europe.

Figure 2. Breeding population sizes and long-term trends across Europe.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Gelochelidon nilotica (Common Gull-billed Tern)

Sources

Albania Breeding population size: Bino pers. obs. Breeding short-term trend: Bino pers. obs. Breeding long-term trend: Bino pers. obs. Armenia Breeding population size: The Red Book of of the Republic of Armenia, 2010. Second edition; ASPB data Bulgaria: G. n. nilotica, Black Sea & East Mediterranean/Eastern Africa Breeding population size: Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria . Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p. Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, Animals. Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/ BSPB Database Breeding short-term trend: Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria . Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p. Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, Animals. Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/ BSPB Bird Database Breeding long-term trend: Iankov, P. (ed.) 2007 Atlas of Breeding Birds in Bulgaria . Bulgarian Society for the Protection of Birds, Conservation Series, Book 10, Sofia, BSPB, 679 p. Botev, B. (ed.) 1985. Red Data Book of Bulgaria, Vol. 2, Animals, Sofia, BAS, 183 p. Golemansky V. (ed.) 2011. Red Data Book of Bulgaria. Vol. 2, Animals. Http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/ BSPB Bird Database Denmark: G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Breeding population size: Pihl, S., Clausen, P., Petersen, I.K., Nielsen, R.D., Laursen, K., Bregnballe, T., Holm, T.E. & Søgaard, B. (2013): Fugle 2004-2011. NOVANA. Aarhus Universitet, DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi. - Videnskabelig rapport fra DCE nr. 49. 188 s. Breeding short-term trend: Pihl, S., Clausen, P., Petersen, I.K., Nielsen, R.D., Laursen, K., Bregnballe, T., Holm, T.E. & Søgaard, B. (2013): Fugle 2004-2011. NOVANA. Aarhus Universitet, DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi. - Videnskabelig rapport fra DCE nr. 49. 188 s. Breeding long-term trend: Pihl, S., Clausen, P., Petersen, I.K., Nielsen, R.D., Laursen, K., Bregnballe, T., Holm, T.E. & Søgaard, B. (2013): Fugle 2004-2011. NOVANA. Aarhus Universitet, DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi. - Videnskabelig rapport fra DCE nr. 49. 188 s. France: G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Breeding population size: http://files.biolovision.net/www.atlas-ornitho.fr/pdffiles/ROMN2009-2010RP1-mars2011-9035.pdf QUAINTENNE G. 2013 Les oiseaux nicheurs rares et menacés en France en 2012, LPO, p. 297-332 Breeding short-term trend: Sadoul, N. 2004 Evolution du peuplement des laro-limicoles de Camargue depuis 1956, Isenmann P. Buchet & Chastel, Paris., 207-232 Isenmann P. & Sadoul N. 2004 Sterne hansel, Gull-billed tern, Sterna nilotica., Cadiou B., Pons J.-M.& Yésou P. Editions Biotope, Mèze., 148-150 Sadoul, N. & Isenmann, P. 1999 La Sterne hansel Gelochelidon nilotica., G. Rocamora & D. Yeatman-Berthelot. Société d’Etudes Ornithologiques de France / Ligue pour la Protection des Oiseaux., 246-247 Kayser, Y., Gauthier-Clerc, M., Béchet, A., Poulin, B., Massez, G., Chérain, Y., Paoli, J., Sadoul, N., Vialet, E., Paulus, G., Vincent-Martin, N., Pilard P. & Isenmann, P. 2008 Compte-rendu ornithologique camarguais 2001-2006, 299-349 Kayser Y., Girard C., Massez G., Chérain Y., Cohez D., Hafner H., Johnson A., Sadoul N., Tamisier A. & Isenmann P. 2003 Compte-rendu ornithologique camarguais pour les années 1995-2000, 5-76 Sadoul, N. 1997 The Importance of Spatial Scales in Long-Term Monitoring of Colonial in Southern France, 330-338 Sadoul, N., Johnson, A. R., Walmsley, J. G. and R. Lévêque 1996 Changes in the numbers and the distribution of colonial charadriiformes breeding in the Camargue, Southern France, 46-58 Breeding long-term trend: Sadoul, N. 2004 Evolution du peuplement des laro-limicoles de Camargue depuis 1956, Isenmann P. Buchet & Chastel, Paris., 207-232 Isenmann P. & Sadoul N. 2004 Sterne hansel, Gull-billed tern, Sterna nilotica., Cadiou B., Pons J.-M.& Yésou P. Editions Biotope, Mèze., 148-150 Sadoul, N. & Isenmann, P. 1999 La Sterne hansel Gelochelidon nilotica., G. Rocamora & D. Yeatman-Berthelot. Société d’Etudes Ornithologiques de France / Ligue pour la Protection des Oiseaux., 246-247 Kayser, Y., Gauthier-Clerc, M., Béchet, A., Poulin, B., Massez, G., Chérain, Y., Paoli, J., Sadoul, N., Vialet, E., Paulus, G., Vincent-Martin, N., Pilard P. & Isenmann, P. 2008 Compte-rendu ornithologique camarguais 2001-2006, 299-349 Kayser Y., Girard C., Massez G., Chérain Y., Cohez D., Hafner H., Johnson A., Sadoul N., Tamisier A. & Isenmann P. 2003 Compte-rendu ornithologique camarguais pour les années 1995-2000, 5-76 Sadoul, N. 1997 The Importance of Spatial Scales in Long-Term Monitoring of Colonial Charadriiformes in Southern France, 330-338 Sadoul, N., Johnson, A. R., Walmsley, J. G. and R. Lévêque 1996 Changes in the numbers and the distribution of colonial charadriiformes breeding in the Camargue, Southern France, 46-58 Germany: G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Breeding population size: Gedeon, K., C. Grüneberg, A. Mitschke & C. Sudfeldt (in Vorb.): Atlas Deutscher Brutvogelarten. SVD & DDA, Münster. Breeding short-term trend: Monitoring seltener Brutvögel Breeding long-term trend: Dachverband Deutscher Avifaunisten e.V. Greece: G. n. nilotica, Black Sea & East Mediterranean/Eastern Africa Breeding population size: Panagiotopoulou, M. & Kazantzidis, S. 2009. Gull-billed Tern. In: Legakis, A. & P. Maragou (eds.). The Greek Red Data Book. Hellenic Zoological Society. Breeding short-term trend: Panagiotopoulou, M. & Kazantzidis, S. 2009. Gull-billed Tern. In: Legakis, A. & P. Maragou (eds.). The Greek Red Data Book. Hellenic Zoological Society. Breeding long-term trend: Panagiotopoulou, M. & Kazantzidis, S. 2009. Gull-billed Tern. In: Legakis, A. & P. Maragou (eds.). The Greek Red Data Book. Hellenic Zoological Society. Italy: G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Breeding population size: Brichetti P & Fracasso G. 2006. Ornitologia italiana. Vol.3 (Stercorariidae-Caprimulgidae). Alberto Perdisa Editore, Bologna Breeding short-term trend: Brichetti P & Fracasso G. 2006. Ornitologia italiana. Vol.3 (Stercorariidae-Caprimulgidae). Alberto Perdisa Editore, Bologna Breeding long-term trend: Fasola M. (a cura di) 1986. Distribuzione e popolazione dei Laridi e Sternidi nidificanti in Italia. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina, XI: 1-179 Brichetti P & Fracasso G. 2006. Ornitologia italiana. Vol.3 (Stercorariidae-Caprimulgidae). Alberto Perdisa Editore, Bologna

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Gelochelidon nilotica (Common Gull-billed Tern)

Portugal: G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Breeding population size: Catry et al 2010; Silva, JP (2011).Valores avifaunisticos do concelho de Campo Maior: biologia e problemática de conservação. ICNF, Relatório não publicado. Breeding short-term trend: Catry et al 2010; Silva, JP (2011).Valores avifaunisticos do concelho de Campo Maior: biologia e problemática de conservação. ICNF, Relatório não publicado. Romania: G. n. nilotica, Black Sea & East Mediterranean/Eastern Africa Breeding population size: SOR database Breeding short-term trend: SOR database Birds in Europe 2 Atlasul păsărilor clocitoare din România, ediția I și II Breeding long-term trend: SOR database Birds in Europe 2 Atlasul păsărilor clocitoare din România, ediția I și II Victor Ciochia: Dinamica și migrația păsărilor. Ed. Științifică și Enciclopedică, București, 1984 Russia Breeding population size: Lokhman Yu.V. 2010. Prevalence and distribution, current condition and trends of rare species in the beginning of XXI century. – Ornithology in Northern Eurasia. Materials of the XIIIth International Ornithological Conference of Northern Eurasia. Abstracts of papers. Orenburg, Publishing House of the Orenburg State Pedagogical University: 193-194 (in Russian). Breeding short-term trend: Lokhman Yu.V. 2010. Prevalence and distribution, current condition and trends of rare Laridae species in the beginning of XXI century. – Ornithology in Northern Eurasia. Materials of the XIIIth International Ornithological Conference of Northern Eurasia. Abstracts of papers. Orenburg, Publishing House of the Orenburg State Pedagogical University: 193-194 (in Russian). Breeding long-term trend: Krivenko V.G, Vinogradov V.G. 2008. Birds of the Water Environment and Rhythms of Climate of the Northern Eurasia. Moscow: 588 p. (in Russian). Belik V.P. et al. 2003. Recent population trends of breeding birds in the Southern Russia. - Strepet 1: 10-30 (in Russian). Spain: G. n. nilotica, Western Europe/West Africa Breeding population size: Corbacho, C., Sánchez Guzmán, J.M. & M.A.Villegas (2009). Pagazas, charranes y fumareles en España. Población reproductora en 2007 y método de censo. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid, 129 pp. http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/ 24_pagazas_charranes_y_fumareles_tcm7-218236.pdf Breeding short-term trend: Corbacho, C., Sánchez Guzmán, J.M. & M.A.Villegas (2009). Pagazas, charranes y fumareles en España. Población reproductora en 2007 y método de censo. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid, 129 pp. http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/ 24_pagazas_charranes_y_fumareles_tcm7-218236.pdf Breeding long-term trend: Corbacho, C., Sánchez Guzmán, J.M. & M.A.Villegas (2009). Pagazas, charranes y fumareles en España. Población reproductora en 2007 y método de censo. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid, 129 pp. http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/ 24_pagazas_charranes_y_fumareles_tcm7-218236.pdf Turkey Breeding population size: Suhendan Karauz, Ömer Döndüren personal communication. Eken G., Bozdoğan M., İsfendiyaroğlu S., Kılıç D.T., Lise Y. (2006) Türkiye’nin Önemli Doğa Alanları. Doğa Derneği, Ankara., Karauz, E.S. The Importance of Bolluk Lake (Tuz Lake Basin) for Colonially Breeding Waterbirds (1996-2011), In preparation, Richardson, I.M. 2003. A long term bird survey of Kulu Gölü, Turkey (2001-2002). Sandgrouse 25(2): 110-121 Breeding short-term trend: Doğa Derneği, Eken G., Bozdoğan M., İsfendiyaroğlu S., Kılıç D.T., Lise Y. (2006) Key Biodiversity Areas of Turkey (Türkiye’nin Önemli Doğa Alanları) Doğa Derneği, Ankara, KILIÇ, T., EKEN, G. 2004, Türkiye'nin Önemli Kuş Alanları Güncellemesi, Doğa Derneği. Ankara. Breeding long-term trend: Birdlife International (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status, Cambridge UK: Birdlife International (Birdlife Conservation series no: 12) Ukraine Breeding population size: 1. Birds in Europe: Population Estimates, Trends and Conservation Status. BirdLife Conservation Series 12; 2004. 374 р. 2. Experts evaluation: Gorban I., Petrovich Z., Rudenko A. Breeding short-term trend: 1. Heath M.F., Evans M.I. Important birds areas in Europe. Priority sites for conservation. // Southern Europe. BirdLife International. - Cambridge. Vol.2., 2000. P. 691-724. 2. Горбань І. Оцінка чисельності гніздових птахів України. Вісник Львівського університету. Серія біологічна. Випуск 34. 2003. с. 147 – 158. Breeding long-term trend: 1. Tucker G.M., Heath M.F. Birds in Europe: their conservation status. - Cambridge. U.K. Bird Life Conservation Series №. 3. 1994. 600 p. 2. Hagemaijer W.J.M., Blair M.J. The EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds: Their Distribution and Abundance. Poyser. - London. 1997. 903 p. 3. Heath M.F., Evans M.I. Important birds areas in Europe. Priority sites for conservation. // Southern Europe. BirdLife International. - Cambridge. Vol.2., 2000. P. 691-724. 4. Горбань І. Оцінка чисельності гніздових птахів України. Вісник Львівського університету. Серія біологічна. Випуск 34. 2003. с. 147 – 158.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Bibliography

Gochfeld, M. & Burger, J. (1996). Common Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.) (2014). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/54012 on 22 January 2015).

Molina, K. C.; Erwin, R. M. 2006. The Distribution and Conservation Status of the Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) in . Waterbirds 29(3): 271-295.

Richards, A. 1990. Seabirds of the northern hemisphere. Dragon's World Ltd, Limpsfield, U.K.

Snow, D. W.; Perrins, C. M. 1998. The Birds of the Western Palearctic vol. 1: Non-Passerines. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2015) EUROPEAN RED LIST OF BIRDS