Mediterranean Gull Laughing Gull
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Iceland Gull Larus Glaucoides
Iceland Gull Larus glaucoides Folk Name: (none) Status: Migrant Abundance: Accidental Habitat: Open water of lakes or rivers The Iceland Gull breeds in the Arctic and most spend the winter along the northeastern coast of the United States and Canada. They are rare, but somewhat regular, along the coast of the Carolinas between October and April. They are casual inland. An immature Iceland Gull was seen and well photographed on Lake Norman on March 9, 2014, by several observers in two boats, one captained by David and Marcia Wright and the other captained by Chris Talkington. This sighting represents the first record of this species for both Mecklenburg County and Iredell County, and is also the first and only report of an Iceland Gull in the Central Carolina region. This bird wasn’t an easy find. The birders located the gull after carefully “sifting” through hundreds of other gulls roosting on the lake. Kevin Metcalf noted these field marks: Seemed to be second winter plumage. …Larger than Ring-billed Gulls and smaller than Herring Gull. Washed out whitish gull. Pale gray on back. Primaries whitish with slight brown-gray tint, tail in flight slightly more brown-gray than rump. Bill bi-colored dark at tip, pale base. Eye appeared dark Iceland Gull on Lake Norman. (Jim Guyton) at the distance viewed. From Birds of the Central Carolinas by Donald W. Seriff, illustrations by Leigh Anne Carter © 2018 Mecklenburg County www.parkandrec.com. -
(369) the Glaucous Gull in Winter
(369) THE GLAUCOUS GULL IN WINTER BY G. T. KAY. (Plates 40-53). SINCE the winter of 1941-42 the Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus) has become a comparatively numerous winter-visitor to the Shet land Islands. At a refuse dump on the outskirts of Lerwick where it had been rare to see more than half a dozen of these birds together, it is now a common occurrence to see thirty or forty and occasion ally as many as a hundred. During the winter of 1945-46, the writer, with others interested in the project, arranged for an attempt to be made to photograph particularly Glaucous Gulls and possibly Iceland Gulls (Larus glaucoides) in the vicinity of the dump. The proposal was to use still and cine cameras from hides. It was hoped that a series of photographs might be secured which would do something towards clearing up the difficulties of dis tinguishing between these two species in the field, which have proved to be in some respects greater than used to be supposed. We were fortunate as regards the Glaucous Gull. A series of photographs and 300ft. of cine film were taken of this arctic visitor at most stages of plumage from the bird in its first winter plumage to that of the fully adult. Further photographs were added during the winter of 1946-47. Unfortunately the only Iceland Gull seen during these two winters was a dead specimen ; an immature bird in its first winter which had been captured on a fishing boat off the east side of Shetland on January 16th, 1947. -
The Herring Gull Complex (Larus Argentatus - Fuscus - Cachinnans) As a Model Group for Recent Holarctic Vertebrate Radiations
The Herring Gull Complex (Larus argentatus - fuscus - cachinnans) as a Model Group for Recent Holarctic Vertebrate Radiations Dorit Liebers-Helbig, Viviane Sternkopf, Andreas J. Helbig{, and Peter de Knijff Abstract Under what circumstances speciation in sexually reproducing animals can occur without geographical disjunction is still controversial. According to the ring species model, a reproductive barrier may arise through “isolation-by-distance” when peripheral populations of a species meet after expanding around some uninhabitable barrier. The classical example for this kind of speciation is the herring gull (Larus argentatus) complex with a circumpolar distribution in the northern hemisphere. An analysis of mitochondrial DNA variation among 21 gull taxa indicated that members of this complex differentiated largely in allopatry following multiple vicariance and long-distance colonization events, not primarily through “isolation-by-distance”. In a recent approach, we applied nuclear intron sequences and AFLP markers to be compared with the mitochondrial phylogeography. These markers served to reconstruct the overall phylogeny of the genus Larus and to test for the apparent biphyletic origin of two species (argentatus, hyperboreus) as well as the unex- pected position of L. marinus within this complex. All three taxa are members of the herring gull radiation but experienced, to a different degree, extensive mitochon- drial introgression through hybridization. The discrepancies between the mitochon- drial gene tree and the taxon phylogeny based on nuclear markers are illustrated. 1 Introduction Ernst Mayr (1942), based on earlier ideas of Stegmann (1934) and Geyr (1938), proposed that reproductive isolation may evolve in a single species through D. Liebers-Helbig (*) and V. Sternkopf Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Katharinenberg 14-20, 18439 Stralsund, Germany e-mail: [email protected] P. -
Mediterranean Gulls Larus Melanocephalus Wintering Along the Mediterranean Iberian Coast: Numbers and Activity Rhythms in the Species’ Main Winter Quarters
J Ornithol DOI 10.1007/s10336-011-0673-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Mediterranean Gulls Larus melanocephalus wintering along the Mediterranean Iberian coast: numbers and activity rhythms in the species’ main winter quarters Albert Cama • Pere Josa • Joan Ferrer-Obiol • Jose´ Manuel Arcos Received: 22 June 2010 / Revised: 23 December 2010 / Accepted: 14 February 2011 Ó Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2011 Abstract Knowledge of the winter distribution of the which recent data are lacking. Information for the whole Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus is poor. The study area was obtained from a systematic boat-based limited and geographically patchy data on the species’ survey over the continental shelf in 2003. Then, particular winter distribution is of concern because current estimates attention was paid to St. Jordi Gulf, a known hotspot for of the wintering population do not agree with those for the the species, where we studied the temporal patterns in global breeding population. We assessed the winter dis- abundance throughout the winter months, and daily tribution and abundance patterns of this gull in Mediter- activity rhythms, between 2005–2006 and 2008–2009. To ranean Iberia, a historically important wintering area for set our results in a global context, the available informa- tion of the winter range of the species was collated and synthesised. The results indicate that the Iberian Medi- terranean coast is the main winter quarters of the species. An average population of ca. 41,000 individuals was Communicated by P. H. Becker. present in the area, representing approximately half the Electronic supplementary material The online version of this 86,311 individuals (range 50,747–121,875) recorded article (doi:10.1007/s10336-011-0673-6) contains supplementary across the whole of the species’ winter range. -
Indiana Species April 2007
Birds of Indiana April 2007 The Wildlife Diversity Section (WDS) is responsible for the conservation and management of over 750 species of nongame and endangered wildlife. The list of Indiana's species was compiled by WDS biologists based on accepted taxonomic standards. The list will be periodically reviewed and updated. References used for scientific names are included at the bottom of this list. ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES COMMON NAME STATUS* Anseriformes Anatidae Dendrocygna autumnalis Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Waterfowl: Swans, Geese, and Ducks Dendrocygna bicolor Fulvous Whistling-Duck Anser albifrons Greater White-fronted Goose Chen caerulescens Snow Goose Chen rossii Ross's Goose Branta bernicla Brant Branta hutchinsii Cackling Goose Branta canadensis Canada Goose Cygnus olor Mute Swan X Cygnus buccinator Trumpeter Swan SE Cygnus columbianus Tundra Swan Aix sponsa Wood Duck Anas strepera Gadwall Anas penelope Eurasian Wigeon Anas americana American Wigeon Anas rubripes American Black Duck Anas platyrhynchos Mallard Anas discors Blue-winged Teal Anas cyanoptera Cinnamon Teal Anas clypeata Northern Shoveler Anas acuta Northern Pintail Anas crecca Green-winged Teal Aythya valisineria Canvasback Aythya americana Redhead Aythya collaris Ring-necked Duck Aythya marila Greater Scaup Aythya affinis Lesser Scaup Somateria spectabilis King Eider Histrionicus histrionicus Harlequin Duck Melanitta perspicillata Surf Scoter Melanitta fusca White-winged Scoter Melanitta nigra Black Scoter Clangula hyemalis Long-tailed Duck Bucephala albeola -
The Primary Moult in Four Gull Species Near Amsterdam J. Walters
THE PRIMARY MOULT IN FOUR GULL SPECIES NEAR AMSTERDAM J. WALTERS Received IS April 1978 CONTENTS I. Introduction and study area ... 32 2. Methods and materials ..... 33 2.1. Moult observations on dead gulls 33 2.2. Collection of newly shed primaries 34 2.3. Identification of primaries collected 34 2.4. "Average" primary per date of collection 36 2.5. Average date of shedding per primary 36 2.6. Sampling ......... 37 3. Results ............ 37 3.1. Black-headed Gull, adult .. 37 3.2. Black-headed Gull, sub-adult 38 3.3. Common Gull, adult .. 39 3.4. Common Gull, sub-adult .. 40 3.5. Herring Gull, adult 40 3.6. Herring Gull, sub-adult ... 42 3.7. Great Black-backed Gull, adult 42 3.8. Primary moult and reproduction 42 4. Discussion 43 5. Acknowledgements 46 6. Summary .. 46 7. References . 46 8. Samenvatting ... 46 1. INTRODUCTION AND STUDY AREA This paper deals with the primary moult in Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus, Common Gull Larus canus, Herring Gull Larus argentatus and Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus in areas near Amsterdam. Though a few studies on the moult of gulls already exist for the NW-European area, e.g. Stresemann & Stresemann (1966), Stresemann (1971), Barth (1975), Harris (1971), Ingolfsson (1970) and Verbeek (1977), such a study has not been published for a Dutch area and not for four Larus species at the same time and in the same restricted region. Moreover, for the three first mentioned species new information could be obtained on the timing of moult in relation to the incubation period. -
Species Included in Categories A, B & C Scientific
Species included in categories A, B & C Scientific name Race Category 1 Mute Swan Cygnus olor -- A / C1 2 Bewick’s Swan Cygnus columbianus bewickii A >> Tundra Swan columbianus -- 3 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus -- A 4 Bean Goose Anser fabalis fabilis A >> Tundra Bean Goose rossicus -- 5 Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus -- A 6 White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons flavirostris A >> Russian White-fronted Goose albifrons -- 7 Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus -- A 8 Greylag Goose Anser anser anser A / C1 9 Snow Goose Anser caerulescens caerulescens A / D1 >> Greater Snow Goose atlanticus -- 10 Cackling Goose Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii A 11 Canada Goose Branta canadensis canadensis A / C1 >> Todd's Canada Goose interior -- 12 Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis -- A / C1 13 Brent Goose Branta bernicla hrota A >> Dark-bellied Brent Goose bernicla -- >> Black Brant nigricans -- 14 Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea -- B / D1 15 Shelduck Tadorna tadorna -- A 16 Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata -- C1 17 Wigeon Anas penelope -- A 18 American Wigeon Anas americana -- A 19 Gadwall Anas strepera -- A 20 Baikal Teal Anas formosa -- A / D1 21 Teal Anas crecca crecca A 22 Green-winged Teal Anas carolinensis -- A 23 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos A / C1 24 American Black Duck Anas rubripes -- A 25 Pintail Anas acuta acuta A 26 Garganey Anas querquedula -- A 27 Blue-winged Teal Anas discors -- A 28 Shoveler Anas clypeata -- A 29 Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina -- A 30 Pochard Aythya ferina -- A 31 Redhead Aythya americana -- A 32 Ring-necked -
Mediterranean Gull
RSPB Belfast Local Group: - Presentation Monday September 7 2020 by Zoom www.nibirds.blogspot.com Daily sightings of birds in NI, with or without photos. Nird pics at: www.nibirdpics.blogspot.co.uk www.nibirds.blogspot.com Bird News Tuesday 1st September Osprey eating a fish on the shoreline off Castle Espie at 2:10pm (Ross McIlrath) Sandy Bay, Larne had 2 Curlew Sandpipers and a Sanderling (Gerard McGeehan / Shirley Dunlop, Cameron Moore) A probable Ring Ousel was seen briefly outside Annahilt this morning. (Garry Wilkinson). A Little Gull was on the shore at Donaghadee. (Derek Polley). 2 Curlew Sandpipers and a Little Stint were at Myroe this evening. (John Spottiswood). Thanks to Cameron Moore for the pictures of the Curlew Sandpipers and the Sanderling: Following my last blog in May, the birds’ breeding season is over at Blue Circle Island on the RSPB Larne Lough Islands reserve in Co Antrim. Fortunately, we were able to make several visits to follow up on the progress of this important seabird colony, which hosts Sandwich terns, common terns, a selection of gulls, oystercatchers, black guillemots and - the rarest breeding seabirds in Europe – roseate terns (pictured, above). In late May, we discovered that our earlier efforts to prepare nest boxes for roseate terns paid off and the only breeding pair in Northern Ireland had returned to Blue Circle Island; the birds had two eggs. To monitor other species with larger numbers of nests, including common terns, we used the ‘pasta method’ (above). Using pre-counted bags of pasta, we marked each encountered common tern nest without risk of counting the same nest twice. -
Identification and Ageing of Glaucous-Winged Gull and Hybrids G
Identification and ageing of Glaucous-winged Gull and hybrids Enno B Ebels, Peter Adriaens & Jon R King laucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens treated in several (field) guides and identification G breeds around the northern Pacific, from videos published during the last two decades (eg, northern Oregon and Washington, USA, in the Harrison 1983, Grant 1986, Dunn et al 1997, east, via Alaska (including the Aleutian and National Geographic Society 1999, Sibley 2000, Pribilof Islands), USA, to the Komandorskie Doherty & Oddie 2001). This paper discusses the Islands and Kamchatka, north-eastern Russia, in basic aspects of identification of Glaucous-wing- the west. The species winters around the north- ed Gull and various hybrids and illustrates the ern Pacific, from Baja California, Mexico, to different hybrid types and plumages with photo- Hokkaido, Japan (Snow & Perrins 1998). It is a graphs; it does not pretend to be all-inclusive. It rare vagrant in most western states of the USA; it focuses on structure, plumage and bare parts. is very rare inland in central states of the USA, as Differences in voice and/or behaviour (for in- far east as the Great Lakes, and has never been stance, long-call posture) are not treated. The recorded on the American East Coast (cf Sibley paper is based on field studies by Jon King (in 2000). Vagrants have been recorded in Hong Japan and the USA) and Enno Ebels (in Japan), Kong, China, and Hawaii, USA (Snow & Perrins examination by JK of museum skins in various 1998). Amazingly, there are two records of collections, and examination by Peter Adriaens Glaucous-winged Gull in the Western Palearctic: of published and unpublished photographs, a subadult (presumably third-winter) on El including many photographs of spread wings Hierro, Canary Islands, on 7-10 February 1992; from the National Museum of Natural History and an adult at Essaouira, Morocco, on 31 (Washington, DC, USA), the Peabody Museum of January 1995 (Bakker et al 2001 and references Natural History (Yale University, New Haven, therein). -
Field Identification of West Palearctic Gulls P
British Birds VOLUME 71 NUMBER 4 APRIL 1978 Field identification of west Palearctic gulls P. J. Grant The west Palearctic list includes 23 species of gulls: more than half the world total. Field guides—because of their concise format—provide inad equate coverage of identification and ageing, which has probably fostered the indifference felt by many bird watchers towards gulls. This five- part series aims to change that attitude nterest in identifying gulls is growing, as part of the recent general I improvement in identification standards, but doubtless also stimulated by the addition to the British and Irish list of no less than three Nearctic species in little over a decade (Laughing Gull Larus atricilla in 1966, Franklin's Gull L. pipixcan in 1970 and Ring-billed Gull L. delaivarensis in 1973). The realisation is slowly dawning that regular checking through flocks of gulls can be worthwhile. Just as important as identification is the ability to recognise the age of individual immatures. This is obviously necessary in studies of popula tion, distribution and migration, but is also a challenge in its own right to the serious bird-identifier. Indeed, identification and ageing go hand- in-hand, for it is only by practising his recognition skills on the common species—of all ages—that an observer will acquire the degree of familiarity necessary for the confident identification of the occasional rarity. The enormous debt owed to D.J. Dwight's The Gulls of the World (1925) is readily acknowledged. That work, however, has long been out of print and its format was designed for the museum and taxonomic worker; the present series of papers will provide a reference more suited to field observers. -
Have We All Missed the Point About Seagulls? Written by Joe Reynolds, Save Coastal Wildlife, Published: 20 February 2020
Have We All Missed the Point About Seagulls? Written by Joe Reynolds, Save Coastal Wildlife, Published: 20 February 2020 Along the picturesque Jersey Shore, a remarkable drama plays out almost every time someone visits a beach. No matter the season, from summer to spring, people will encounter gulls, erroneously known as seagulls. For me, I have a soft spot in my heart for these largely grey-and-white birds. They can be awe-inspiring sea creatures when soaring over the open ocean and dropping down out for the sapphire sky to catch a slimy fish or crusty crab. The sight of them brings to mind a sense of the long soft sand shorelines and sweeping winds and waves over a sun-and-shelled filled beach. Gulls are extraordinary birds. They are able to fly long distances and glide over the open ocean for hours in search of food. Gulls can fly as fast as 28 mph. They can even drink salty ocean water when thirsty. The birds have evolved to have a special pair of glands right above their eyes to flush the salt from their body through openings in their bill. This enables a gull to spend several days foraging for food atop salty ocean waters without needing to return to land just to get a drink of freshwater. James Gorman in 2019 wrote an article in The New York Times entitled: “In Defense of Sea Gulls: They’re Smart, and They Co-Parent, 50/50 All the Way.” He interviewed ornithologist Christopher Elphick from the University of Connecticut who also has a soft spot for gulls. -
Alpha Codes for 2168 Bird Species (And 113 Non-Species Taxa) in Accordance with the 62Nd AOU Supplement (2021), Sorted Taxonomically
Four-letter (English Name) and Six-letter (Scientific Name) Alpha Codes for 2168 Bird Species (and 113 Non-Species Taxa) in accordance with the 62nd AOU Supplement (2021), sorted taxonomically Prepared by Peter Pyle and David F. DeSante The Institute for Bird Populations www.birdpop.org ENGLISH NAME 4-LETTER CODE SCIENTIFIC NAME 6-LETTER CODE Highland Tinamou HITI Nothocercus bonapartei NOTBON Great Tinamou GRTI Tinamus major TINMAJ Little Tinamou LITI Crypturellus soui CRYSOU Thicket Tinamou THTI Crypturellus cinnamomeus CRYCIN Slaty-breasted Tinamou SBTI Crypturellus boucardi CRYBOU Choco Tinamou CHTI Crypturellus kerriae CRYKER White-faced Whistling-Duck WFWD Dendrocygna viduata DENVID Black-bellied Whistling-Duck BBWD Dendrocygna autumnalis DENAUT West Indian Whistling-Duck WIWD Dendrocygna arborea DENARB Fulvous Whistling-Duck FUWD Dendrocygna bicolor DENBIC Emperor Goose EMGO Anser canagicus ANSCAN Snow Goose SNGO Anser caerulescens ANSCAE + Lesser Snow Goose White-morph LSGW Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Lesser Snow Goose Intermediate-morph LSGI Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Lesser Snow Goose Blue-morph LSGB Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Greater Snow Goose White-morph GSGW Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Greater Snow Goose Intermediate-morph GSGI Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Greater Snow Goose Blue-morph GSGB Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Snow X Ross's Goose Hybrid SRGH Anser caerulescens x rossii ANSCAR + Snow/Ross's Goose SRGO Anser caerulescens/rossii ANSCRO Ross's Goose