1
Monthly Performance Pack June 2010
Dan Maynard, Publicist, BBC iPlayer BBC Marketing, Communications & Audiences T. 020 8008 5294 | M. 07912 583654 | E.Daniel.Maynard@bbc.co.uk
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 2 Monthly summary – June 2010
• In total the BBC iPlayer received 117 million requests for programmes across all platforms in June 2010, including both online platforms and devices and BBC iPlayer on Virgin Media TV. This was a month-on-month drop, but still significantly higher than June 2009. 86 million requests were for TV programmes and 31 million were for radio programmes.
• BBC iPlayer’s most-requested TV titles for June continued to include Doctor Who, EastEnders and Junior Apprentice, plus new BBC3 content Lee Nelson, Peckham Finishing School and Mongrels, and of course the England v Slovenia World Cup match.
• June also saw a significant increase in live TV viewing on the BBC iPlayer, up +4 points to 14% of all requests, driven by the World Cup coverage.
• The World Cup also delivered exceptional request numbers for both live and catch-up radio on BBC iPlayer in June, with the England v Slovenia game easily the most requested programme for the month by some margin.
Consistent with previous months:
• The profile of BBC iPlayer users is evening out over time in terms of male/female ratio, but remains strongly under-55 in terms of age, which is younger than the typical TV viewer or radio listener’s profile.
• On-demand makes up the great majority of TV programme requests (in June, 14% of requests were for live simulcast streams), however about 70% of requests for radio streams are for live programmes, as opposed to on-demand catch-up listening.
• BBC iPlayer is used for TV at roughly the same time of day as linear TV viewing, although there is proportionally more daytime and late-peak use. For radio, BBC iPlayer is used far more in daytime than traditional radio listening, which peaks at breakfast-time. Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 3 Index Page
Overview for BBC iPlayer across all platforms 4
Monthly requests 7
Average daily requests 8
Average daily users 9
Weekly requests 10
Weekly users 11
Minutes per user per week 12
Top TV programmes 13
Top radio programmes 14
Live vs on-demand 15
Use of BBC iPlayer for TV by time of day 16
Use of BBC iPlayer for radio by time of day 17
Profile of BBC iPlayer users 18
Glossary 19
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 4 Total monthly BBC iPlayer requests across all platforms Includes Virgin Media
In total the BBC iPlayer received 117 million requests for programmes across all platforms in June 2010, including both online platforms and devices and BBC iPlayer on Virgin Media TV. This was a month-on-month drop, but still significantly higher than June 2009.
Virgin Media BBC iPlayer TV requests 130 123 Online BBC iPlayer TV requests 120 118 114 116 117 20.2 Online BBC iPlayer radio requests 107 19.6 19.8 17.8 17.3 16.7 97 20.8 18.5 87 85 87 81 18.1 78 76 76 69 16.7 15.8 16.3 14.8 16.2 77.0 62 15.3 14.8 73.4 68.2 68.7 67.0 69.6 14.1 59.6 65.2 14.7 53.2 44.9 44.5 36.7 39.1 43.3 37.2 36.5 36.0 30.8
29.3 32.3 29.9 33.3 30.4 32.7 30.6 26.8 23.6 25.4 24.7 25.7 25.5 26.5 26.1 28.2
16.1 18.4 Millions of requests of Millions Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 09 10
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. There were measurement problems on 10-11 June which resulted in overcounting on these days. 5 Requests for programmes by device type Includes Virgin Media In June, the number of BBC iPlayer requests for programmes by platform/device grew notably on mobile devices; the remainder of delivery types all saw decreases.
Number of requests % of requests
(millions) 130 123 120 118 117 114 116 15% 15% 14% 20 19% 19% 19% 18% 17% 18% 16% 16% 16% 107 20 20 17 18 17 1% 1% 3% 4% 4% 97 21 5 Other TV devices 5% 4% 4% 5% 4% 4% 4% 19 6 5 5 5 87 85 87 5 18 5 4 Virgin Media 17 16 4 16 Wii 1 1 4
PS3 74% 75% 74% 95 71% 73% 75% 73% 75% 72% 73% 88 86 75% 76% 91 85 89 73 81 85 Computers 64 62 62 Mobile devices
TOTAL 5 6 6 7 6% 6% 6%
5 5 5 3 5 5 5% 5% 3% 1% 1% 4% 4% 5% 5%
Oct Jun
Apr
Oct Jun
Apr
Nov Mar
Aug Feb
Nov Mar
Sep Dec May
Aug Feb
Sep Dec May
Jul 09Jul
Jul09
Jan 10 Jan Jan 10 Jan
Virgin Media data arrives later than online stats, therefore the remainder of this report is only for the online BBC iPlayer, available via computer / mobile / games consoles.
NB: iPhone data missing over 10 Nov–02 Feb, and Wii stats missing over 22-31 March, due to technical problems Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 6 Notes on figures in this report
These notes apply to pages 4 to 17 in this pack and should be included as footnotes as relevant when quoting any of these figures. A glossary is on page 19. • This data is collected via a BBC internal data warehouse (BBC iStats). The methodology adheres to industry standard guidelines as defined by JICWEBs and ABCe, with the exception that the BBC data is based on a 25% sample of users and not 100%. The BBC are working towards 100% sample over the coming months • In 2009 the BBC refined its methodology for measuring AV requests, so figures for 2007/8 are not comparable. There may be further changes in the data in future releases as we continue to refine the methodology • Please quote the source of these figures as “BBC iStats” • Unless specified otherwise, figures include requests for both on-demand catch-up (streams and downloads), or views of live simulcasts • We cannot report download playback due to data privacy restrictions • All data is for the UK only and excludes listening outside the UK • January 09 data excludes 1-4 January 09 since changes were made to the measurement system on 5 January • This data includes requests via the BBC iPlayer on any BBC website – whether on a programme, channel or station page, via the pop-out console, or on the BBC iPlayer website itself • None of this data following is for the BBC iPlayer on Virgin Media’s TV service - all is for the online BBC iPlayer, available via computer / mobile / games consoles • This report does not include requests for web-only content (such as online news or sport coverage) – only requests for full-length programmes which have been transmitted on a TV channel or radio station
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 7 Monthly BBC iPlayer online requests
There were a total of 100.2m requests to the online BBC iPlayer in June 2010; 69.6m for TV programmes, and 30.6m for Radio content.
120 110 Radio Requests 104 101 101 99 100 100 TV Requests 93 89 32.7 . 30.4 79 32.3 29.9 33.8 30.6 80 71 71 28.2 69 29.3 63 65 61 61 26.1 60 54 25.7 25.5 26.5 47 25.4 26.8 23.6 24.7 18.4 40 16.1 73.4 77.0 65.2 68.2 68.7 67.4 69.6 Monthly Requests (millions) 59.6 53.2 44.9 43.3 44.5 20 36.0 36.7 37.1 39.1 36.5 30.8
0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 09 10
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 8 Average daily BBC iPlayer requests
During June 2010 there were 3.3m requests per day on average – 1 million per day for radio programmes and 2.3 million for TV programmes.
4 Radio Requests 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.2 TV Requests . 3.0 2.9 3 1.1 1.1 1.0 2.6 1.0 1.0 1.1 2.4 1.0 0.9 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9 0.8 2 1.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.3 1 2.0 2.1
Average Daily Requests (millions) 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2
0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 09 10
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 9 Average daily BBC iPlayer users
June 2010 saw an average of 1.3 million users per day, with just under 1m for TV content, 0.3m for radio content and 0.05m using both.
1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 Users of Radio Only 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 Users of Both 0.32 0.31 1.2 0.30 0.30 Users of TV Only 1.1 0.32 0.33 0.30 0.29 1.0 0.06 1.0 0.06 0.06 0.05 . 0.9 0.9 0.05 0.05 0.8 0.27 0.05 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.05 0.8 0.8 0.28 0.26 0.04 0.27 0.27 0.24 0.26 0.24 0.25 0.04 0.26 0.04 0.6 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.99 0.98 1.01 0.98 0.91 0.90 User agents (millions) 0.86 0.88 0.4 0.74 0.60 0.64 0.54 0.53 0.54 0.53 0.57 0.48 0.51 0.2
0.0 Jan- Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan- Feb Mar Apr May Jun 09 10
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 10 Weekly BBC iPlayer requests - latest 6 months
There were technical problems with the BBC iPlayer stats system on 10-11 June, which resulted in double-counting of some requests. The week of 7-13 June looks strong in the graph below, but this is only because of this problem.
BBC iStats overcounting on 10-11 June due to technical problems 30 TV Requests Radio Requests
26 26 26 26 25 25 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 25 23 24 23 23 23 23 23 22 23 22 23 22 . 7.4 7.9 21 21 8.1 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.4 7.6 6.1 7.2 20 7.5 7.3 7.0 6.3 5.0 8.0 7.7 6.9 7.4 7.9 7.4 7.0 7.5 7.5 7.1 6.7 6.4
15
10 18.9 18.3 18.2 17.3 16.7 16.7 17.6 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.6 16.8 15.8 16.5 15.9 16.5 16.5 15.9
Weekly Requests (millions) 15.6 14.8 14.4 15.1 15.1 15.3 15.0 14.6 14.8
5
0
04 Jan04 Jan11 Jan18 Jan25 Apr 05 Apr 12 Apr 19 Apr 26 Jun 07 Jun 14 Jun 21 Jun 28
01 Feb01 Feb08 Feb15 Feb22 Mar 01 Mar 08 Mar 15 Mar 22 Mar 29
03 May 03 May 10 May 17 May 24 May 31 '28-Dec
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 11 Weekly BBC iPlayer users – latest 6 months
There were technical problems with the BBC iPlayer stats system on 10-11 June, which resulted in double-counting of some requests. The week of 7-13 June looks strong in the graph below, but this is only because of this problem.
BBC iStats overcounting on 10-11 June due to Users of Radio Only technical problems 8 Users of Both
7 Users of TV Only 6.7 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.8 6 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.6 1.4 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.4 . 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.0 1.2 5.0 1.1 4.9 5.0 1.4 1.3 1.2 0.4 5 0.9 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.5 1.2 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
3
User agents (millions) 4.9 4.3 4.5 2 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.7
1
0
04 Jan04 Jan11 Jan18 Jan25 Apr 05 Apr 12 Apr 19 Apr 26 Jun 07 Jun 14 Jun 21 Jun 28
01 Feb01 Feb08 Feb15 Feb22 Mar 01 Mar 08 Mar 15 Mar 22 Mar 29
03 May 03 May 10 May 17 May 24 May 31 '28-Dec
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 12 Requests and average minutes per user per week
On a weekly basis, each user of TV on BBC iPlayer is requesting just under 4 programmes, and streaming just over an hour of content. Each weekly user of radio content is requesting just under 5 programmes, and is streaming around three hours of radio content.
Holidays show an increase in TV stream durations and a corresponding dip for audio.
Average weekly minutes streamed, per user, per week
240 TV minutes Radio minutes 220
200
B.H. June average 180 B.H.
= 178 minutes Easter 160
140 Christmas week Christmas 120
100 June average 80 = 71 minutes 60
40
20 Average weekly minutes streamed per user .
0
04 Jan04 Jan11 Jan18 Jan25 Apr 05 Apr 12 Apr 19 Apr 26 Jun 07 Jun 14 Jun 21 Jun 28
01 Feb01 Feb08 Feb15 Feb22 Mar 01 Mar 08 Mar 15 Mar 22 Mar 29
03 May 03 May 10 May 17 May 24 May 31 '28-Dec
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 13 BBC iPlayer - top 20 TV episodes June 2010 BBC iPlayer’s most-requested titles for June 10 continued to include Doctor Who, EastEnders and Junior Apprentice, plus new BBC3 content Lee Nelson, Peckham Finishing School and Mongrels, and of course the England v Slovenia World Cup match.
BBC iPLAYER TOP 20 TV EPISODE BBC iPLAYER TOP 20 TV EPISODE – ALL – MOST-REQUESTED EPISODE PER SERIES Total requests per episode Total requests per episode
1 Doctor Who Series 5 Episode 12 1,326,000 1 Doctor Who Series 5 Episode 12 1,326,000
2 Doctor Who Series 5 Episode 11 1,288,000 2 Junior Apprentice Episode 5 680,000
3 Doctor Who Series 5 Episode 10 1,134,000 3 EastEnders 15/06/10 679,000
4 Junior Apprentice Episode 5 680,000 4 Mock the Week Series 9 Episode 1 627,000
5 Junior Apprentice Episode 6 679,000 5 MOTD World Cup Slov v England 23rd Jun 626,000
6 EastEnders 15/06/10 679,000 6 World Cup's Most Shocking Moments 516,000
7 Mock the Week Series 9 Episode 1 627,000 7 Waterloo Road Series 5 Episode 17 515,000
8 MOTD World Cup Slov v England 23rd Jun 626,000 8 Kidulthood 14/06/08 460,000
9 EastEnders 10/06/10 610,000 9 Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End 418,000
10 Junior Apprentice Episode 4 601,000 10 Outnumbered Series 1 Episode 1 353,000
11 EastEnders 21/06/10 580,000 11 Have I Got News for You Series 39 Episode 9 338,000
12 EastEnders 23/06/10 579,000 12 Legally Blonde 307,000
13 World Cup's Most Shocking Moments 516,000 13 Michael McIntyre's Comedy R’show Episode 5 293,000
14 Waterloo Road Series 5 Episode 17 515,000 14 Lee Nelson's Well Good Show Episode 1 287,000
15 EastEnders 18/06/10 511,000 15 Luther Episode 6 282,000
16 EastEnders 01/06/10 506,000 16 Friday Night Jonathan Ross S 18 Episode 20 262,000
17 Waterloo Road Series 5 Episode 18 506,000 17 Peckham Finishing School for Girls Episode 1 258,000
18 EastEnders 04/06/10 503,000 18 QI Series 5 Engineering Episode 1 250,000
19 EastEnders 03/06/10 501,000 19 Mongrels Episode 1 211,000
20 EastEnders 31/05/10 497,000 20 National Treasure: Book of Secrets 199,000 Note: excludes episodes which had been available for fewer than seven days at the end of the month.
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 14 BBC iPlayer - top 20 radio episodes June 2010
The World Cup delivered exceptional request numbers for both live and catch-up radio on BBC iPlayer, with the England v Slovenia game easily the most requested programme for the month.
BBC iPLAYER TOP 20 RADIO EPISODE BBC iPLAYER TOP 20 RADIO EPISODE – ALL – MOST-REQUESTED EPISODE PER SERIES Total requests per Ep Total requests per Ep
1 World Cup England v Slovenia 23/06/10 317,000 1 World Cup England v Slovenia 23/06/10 317,000
2 World Cup England Build-Up 23/06/10 115,000 2 World Cup England Build-Up 23/06/10 115,000
3 The News Quiz Series 71 Episode 8 99,000 3 The News Quiz Series 71 Episode 8 99,000
4 The News Quiz Series 71 Episode 9 97,000 4 The Chris Moyles Show 11/06/10 96,000
5 The Chris Moyles Show 11/06/10 96,000 5 I'm Sorry I Haven't A Clue Series 53 Episode 1 95,000
6 The Chris Moyles Show 02/06/10 96,000 6 World Cup South Africa v Mexico 11/06/10 86,000
7 I'm Sorry I Haven't A Clue Series 53 Episode 1 95,000 7 Fearne Cotton Daniel P Carter sits in 11/06/10 80,000
8 World Cup South Africa v Mexico 11/06/10 86,000 8 Greg James 10/06/10 73,000
9 Fearne Cotton Daniel P Carter sits in 11/06/10 80,000 9 World Cup Germany v Serbia 18/06/10 61,000
10 Fearne Cotton Eminem Live Lounge 04/06/10 77,000 10 The Now Show Series 31 Episode 1 61,000
11 Fearne Cotton Fearne meets Slash 10/06/10 75,000 11 World Cup Netherlands v Denmark 14/06/10 60,000
12 Greg James 10/06/10 73,000 12 Steve Wright in the Afternoon 10/06/10 59,000
13 Fearne Cotton Miley Cyrus 02/06/10 71,000 13 Ken Bruce 11/06/10 59,000
14 Greg James 11/06/10 66,000 14 The Official Chart with Reggie Yates 13/06/10 58,000
15 The Chris Moyles Show 18/06/10 63,000 15 Jeremy Vine 10/06/10 57,000
16 The Chris Moyles Show 23/06/10 63,000 16 The Archers 09/06/10 54,000
17 The Chris Moyles Show 04/06/10 63,000 17 World Cup Spain v Switzerland 16/06/10 54,000
18 World Cup Germany v Serbia 18/06/10 61,000 18 So Wrong It's Right Episode 5 54,000
19 The Now Show Series 31 Episode 1 61,000 19 Jeremy Vine 11/06/10 53,000
20 The Chris Moyles Show 09/06/10 60,000 20 Test Match Special 04/06/10 53,000 Note: excludes episodes which had been available for fewer than seven days at the end of the month.
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. 15 Requests by on-demand catch-up vs live simulcast
Live TV viewing via the BBC iPlayer increased by +4 points this June, to 14% of all TV BBC iPlayer requests, driven by the World Cup coverage. The balance of radio listening remained stable, with 70% of requests being for live programmes.
TV Requests Radio requests
* 5 6 2 4 7 8 8 8 8 8 10 14
66 67 68 69 72 72 74 70 72 71 71 70
95 94 98 96 93 92 92 92 92 92 90 86
34 33
32 31 28 28 26 30 28 29 29 30
Apr Jun
Oct
Apr Jun
Feb Mar
Oct
Sep Dec
Feb Mar
Aug Nov
Sep Dec
May
Aug Nov
May
Jul 09 Jul
Jul 09 Jul
Jan Jan 10 Jan Jan 10
Simulcast Simulcast On-demand On-demand
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. * There were technical problems measuring some simulcast TV streams in September and October 16 BBC iPlayer – use for TV by time of day, June 2010
The scale for each line on this graph is different – traditional TV viewing is far higher than BBC iPlayer use. However it shows the relative usage pattern by time of day – with BBC iPlayer use (for TV) being closer to the pattern of TV viewing, than of internet use, with proportionally more viewing in daytime and late peak.
Internet and TV usage patterns by time of day (scales adjusted for comparison)
TV viewers
BBC iPlayer TV requests BBC iPlayer peak – 234,000 TV peak – 24.6 million
Internet users (any website) Internet peak – 28 million Note: each each very line a has (seescaledifferent Note:peaks)
06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00
Sources – TV from BARB June 2010, internet from Nielsen June 2010, Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. BBC iPlayer from BBC iStats June 2010 - see footnotes on final page for more detail 17 BBC iPlayer – use for radio by time of day, June 2010
The scale for each line on this graph is different – traditional radio listening is far higher than BBC iPlayer use. However it shows the relative usage pattern by time of day – with BBC iPlayer use (for radio) being in-between the pattern of radio listening and internet use, with proportionally more listening in daytime and evening compared with the traditional linear breakfast peak.
Internet and radio usage patterns by time of day (scales adjusted for comparison)
Internet peak – 28 million Radio peak – 14.7 million BBC iPlayer peak – 95,000 Radio listeners
BBC iPlayer requests for radio
Internet users (any website) Note: each each very line a has (seescaledifferent Note:peaks)
06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00
Sources – radio from RAJAR Q1 2010, internet from Nielsen June 2010, Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. BBC iPlayer from BBC iStats June 2010 - see footnotes on final page for more detail 18 BBC iPlayer use by demographic
The profile of users of the BBC iPlayer is measured on a monthly survey of 700 UK adults. The gender profile has been stable for gender recently, but during Q1 2010 the number of users aged 55+ increased to make up 20%.
100% 100% 16 16 16 15 15 31 21 20 17 20 37 80% 41 41 43 44 42 43 43 80%
60% 42 41 39 41 42 43 37 60% 39 43 55+ Women 40% 35-54 70 40% 63 59 59 57 56 58 57 57 Men 15-34 45 20% 20% 38 38 41 43 43 43 42 44
0% 0% Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar 08 09 10 08 09 10
Gender Age
20 23 34 Women 43 55+ 35 48 52 51
37 41 35-54 Men 35 35
57 52 48 49 15-34 44 36 29 31
Users of PC All broadband All TV viewers All radio iPlayer users listeners Users of PC All broadband All TV viewers All radio iPlayer users listeners
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes. User profiles - TV from BARB (Q1 10), radio from RAJAR (Q4 09), broadband from TNS survey 2000 adults (Sep 09) 19 Glossary
Stream – click to play instantly
Download – save to your computer to play later We cannot report on playback of downloads due to technical and data privacy restrictions
Users – a count of computer browers accessing the online iPlayer service So please note: if someone has a different computer at work and at home, they are counted twice. If a family watches on a computer together, only one browser is counted. This is the industry-standard way of counting “users” or “visitors” to websites.
Requests – number of successful requests to stream or download a programme We only count successful requests, where a stream or a download actually start, rather than “clicks” which can be repeated if the user does not see an immediate reaction on the website.
Catch-up / on-demand – programmes requested after they have gone out on “normal” TV/radio channels and are available on iPlayer
Live / simulcast – streaming of live TV channels / radio stations on the website, at exactly the same time as broadcast on “normal” TV / radio
Special footnotes for slides showing data for time of day TV data – BARB average audience, live overnights, by hour, all individuals aged 4+, Total TV Radio data - RAJAR average audience, by hour, all adults 16+, all radio stations BBC iPlayer - average requests, by hour, all programmes, stream & downloading, live and on-demand, UK only Nielsen – user numbers, aged 2+ based on internet population estimate of 38 million individuals
Please refer to slide 6 for guide footnotes.