Ohio Department of Natural Resources Office of Coastal Management
105 West Shoreline Drive, Sandusky coastal.ohiodnr.gov 419-626-7980 Lake Erie Coastal Erosion 2018
• Water Levels • Shoreline Types • Causes and Effects of Erosion • Erosion Control Solutions • Coastal Authorizations Overview • Temporary Shore Structure Permits • Available Assistance Great Lakes Hydrology
• Water flows from the Upper Great Lakes to the Lower Great Lakes • Only Lake Superior and Lake Ontario are regulated • Water levels change as a function precipitation, evaporation, and to a lesser extent, connecting channel flows • Because it is the smallest of the Great Lakes, Lake Erie responds very quickly to local precipitation events Historic Lake Erie Water Levels
575
574
OHW 573.4 573
572
Mean 571.3 571
570
Water Level (Feet IGLD 1985) IGLD (Feet Level Water LWD 569.2 569
568 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Time (Years) • High water levels 1973-74, 1985-87, 1997-98 • Precipitous 3.5 foot drop 1999-2001 • Generally lower water levels 2001-2006 • Gradual water level rise 2007 to present 2018 Lake Erie Water Levels
574
OHW 573.4
573
572
Long Term Mean 571.3 571
2018 2017 570 Monthly Mean Water Level Feet IGLD 1985 IGLD Feet Level Water LWD 569.2 569 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month • Continued high water levels in the Upper Great Lakes • Above average water levels throughout the winter • Rapid rise in Lake Erie water levels mid-February 2018 • Multiple severe NE storms in March and April 2018 USACE Forecasted Water Levels
http://www.lre.usace.army.mil/Missions/Great-Lakes-Information/Great-Lakes-Water-Levels/Water-Level-Forecast/Weekly-Great- Lakes-Water-Levels/ Lake Erie Shoreline Types Western Ottawa County, low-lying upland West of Cleveland, vertical shale bluffs, very little beach Eastern Lake County, seawalls and groins not much beach remaining Ashtabula County, 60-foot high glacial till bluffs, highly eroded Keillor and White, 2003 Maine Sea Grant seagrant.umaine.edu March 15, 2018 April 18, 2018
Recent shore damage, Lorain, Ohio Recent bluff erosion, Lorain, Ohio
March 28, 2018
Upper bluff failure, Conneaut, Ohio Beaches The most effective shore protection Revetments Large, rough, angular rock (or rubble) on a slope 1.5 to 1 or less. Wave energy dissipates on the slope and on the rough surface. Some reflected wave energy, beach lakeward of stone is rare due to scour and changing water levels. Seawalls Vertical structures at the water/land interface. Concrete block, cast-in-place concrete or steel sheet pile. High reflected wave energy, no beach. Easy access to the water. ODNR Coastal Regulatory Authorizations
• Shore Structure Permit: To ensure that structures that act to control erosion, wave action or inundation along the Lake Erie shoreline are of sound coastal engineering design. ORC 1506.40
• Temporary Shore Structure Permit: For emergency construction of new erosion control measures or repairs to existing unpermitted structures to safeguard life, health, or property. ORC 1506.40
• Submerged Lands Lease: To provide exclusive use of a portion of the Territory of Lake Erie under the Public Trust Doctrine. ORC 1506.10 and 1506.11, OAC 1501-6 OCM Regulatory Authorizations
• Coastal Erosion Area Permit: To ensure that measures are taken to effectively protect new construction projects within designated Coastal Erosion Areas from shore erosion and bluff instability. ORC 1506.07, OAC 1501-6
• Federal Consistency Review: To ensure certain federal activities are consistent with the policies of the Ohio Coastal Management Program and the State of Ohio. Section 307 (16 USC § 1456) of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972; 15 CFR part 930
• State Consistency Review: To ensure certain State agency activities are consistent with the policies of the Ohio Coastal Management Program and the State of Ohio. ORC 1506.03 Other Authorizations
• United States Army Corps of Engineers: 404 Water Quality Certification / Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act. USACE biologist review applications based on volume of fill placed.
• Ohio Environmental Protection Agency: 401 Water Quality Certification. OEPA reviews application for impacts to water quality.
• Local: Review local ordinances, contact your Flood Plain Administrator Temporary Shore Structure Permit Shore Structure Permit Projects that will control erosion, wave Erosion control projects immediately action or flooding (revetments, seawalls, necessary to safeguard life, health, or piers, groins) property (revetments, seawalls)
Authorizes construction during a 2-year Temporary authorization (2 years); Shore period and repairs for the life of the Structure Permit required upon expiration structure
Professional engineer required to design No professional engineer design required the project
Reviewed for structural stability, long term Reviewed to ensure construction materials functionality, impacts to sand resources & are suitable and upland is owned by the upland is owned by the applicant applicant
Issued within 3 – 6 months of application Issued within 1 week receipt Coastal.ohiodnr.gov\tssp Site Location Map
Name: John and Jane Doe Address: 1234 Lake Erie Road, Lakefront City, Coastal Erie County Parcel # 000222000
Site Project Sketch – Overhead View
Project Sketch – Overhead View Applicant: John and Jane Doe Site Address:1234 Lake Erie Road, Lakefront City, Coastal County Parcel No: 000222000
County Auditor Image Proposed Project: Repair 150 feet of structure. Construct new 3 to 5 ton per unit armor stone revetment over existing sandstone block and clay bluff along 215 feet of shore. Structure will extend no more than 15 feet lakeward of existing base of bluff. Side View Sketch Available Assistance
• Free on-site Technical Assistance to littoral property owners [email protected] or (419) 626-7980
• Coastal Erosion Area Loan Program: Low interest loans for the design and construction of erosion control measures for properties within a designated coastal erosion area http://coastal.ohiodnr.gov/erosionloans
• Coastal Management Assistance Grants: Competitive awards for coastal planning, habitat restoration, public access, research, and water quality improvement projects. Local governments, county and regional planning agencies, universities, school districts, conservancy districts, port authorities and certain non-profit groups are eligible to apply http://coastal.ohiodnr.gov/cmagrants For more information contact:
Ohio Department of Natural Resources Office of Coastal Management 105 West Shoreline Drive, Sandusky Coastal.ohiodnr.gov 419-626-7980