UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION NET BUREAU Subject: SANSKRIT Code No.: 25 Unit - I SYLLABUS Vedic-Literature (a) General Introduction of Vedic Literature:

 Main theories regarding the Veds : Maxmüller; A.Weber; Jacobi ; Balgangadhar Tilak; M.Winternitz ; Indian traditional views.  Sahit Literature  Dialogue HymnsŚ Pururav-Urva; Yama-yam; Saram-Pai ś Vivmitra-Nad  Brhamaa-Literature  rayaka Literature  VedgasŚ ik; Kalpaś Vykaraa; Nirukta; Chandas; Jyotia Unit - II (b) Specific Study of Vedic Literature:

 Study of the following hymns:

 gveda : Agni (1.1); Varua (1.25)ś Srya (1.125); Indra (2.12); Uas (3.61); Parjanya (5.83); Kitava (10.34); Jñna (10.71); Purua (10.90); Hirayagarbha (10.121); Vk (10.125)ś Nsadya (10.129);  uklayajurveda Ś ivasakalpa , Chapter-34 (1-6)  Prajpati-Chapter-23 (1-5)  Atharvaveda : Rrbhivardhanam (1.29)ś Kla (10.53); Prithiv (12.1)

 Brhmaa Literature

 Subject-matter; Vidhi and its types; Agnihotra; Agniomaś Darapramsa ; Yajñaś Pañcamahyajña; Akhyna (unahepa , Vmanas)

 Upaniad Literature:

 Subject-matter and main concepts with special reference to the following Upaniads ;  a; Kaha; Kena; Bhadryaka ; Taittiryaś vetvatara  Vedic Grammar; Nirukta and Vedic interpretation  kprtikhya : Definitions of Samnkara ; Sandhyakara; Aghoa; Soman; Svarabhakti ; Yama ; Rakta; Sayoga; Praghya ; Riphita  Nirukta (Chapters-I & 2)  Four-fold division of Padas-Concept of Nmaś Concept of khyta ; Meaning of Upasargasś Categories of Niptas.  Purposes of the study of Nirukta  Principles of Etymology  Etymology of the following words:

www.careerindia.comchryaś Vraś Hradaś Goś Samudra; Vtraś dityaś Uasś Meghaś Vkś Udakś Nadś Avaś Agniś Jtavedasś Vaivnaraś Nighatu

Nirukta (Chapter-7ś Daivataka) Vedic Accent- Udtta, Anudtta and Svarita

Unit - III

(c) DaranaŚ

 General Introduction of major schools of Darana with special reference to the following :

Pramammns ; Tattvammns ; crammns (Crvka , Jaina, Bauddha) Nyya, Skhya, Yoga, Nyya, Vaieika, mmns

Unit - IV

(d) Darana LiteratureŚ Special Study:

 varakna : Skhyakrik - Satkryavda, Puruasvarpa, Praktisvarpa, Stikrama, Pratyaysarga, Kaivalya.  Sadnanda Ś Vedntasra - Anubandha-catuaya, Ajñna, Adhyropa-Apavda, Lingaarrotpatti, Pañckaraa, Vivarta, Jvanmukti  Annambhaa, Tarkasagraha / Keavamiraś Tarkabh : Padrthaś Kraa; Prama; (Pratyakaś Anumnaś Upamnaś abda), Prmyavda, Prameya .  Laugkibhskara ; Arthasagraha.  Patañjali ś Yogastra - (Vysabhya) Ś Cittabhmi, Cittavttis ś Concept of varaś Yoggasś Samdhi ś Kaivalya  Bdaryaa ś Brahmastra 1.1 (nkarabhya)  Vivanthapañcnana ; Nyyasidhntamuktval (Anumna Khaa)  Sarvadarana-Sagraha ; Jainism ; Buddhism

Unit - V

(e) Grammar and Linguistics:

 General Introduction of the following grammarians: Pini , Ktyyana , Patañjali , Bharthari , Vmanajayditya , Bhaojidkita , Ngeabhaa , Kaiyyaa , Jainendra , kayana , Hemacandrasri , Srasvatavykaraakra. Pinya ik. Linguistics: Definition of Language, Geneological and Morphological classification of Languages, Speech Mechanism and classification of sounds: Stops, Fricatives, Semi-Vowels and vowels (with special reference to Sanskrit sounds). Phonetic Laws (Grimm, Grassman, Verner). Directions of semantic change and reasons of change. Definition of Vkya and its types General introduction of Indo-European family of Languages Difference between Vedic Sanskrit and Classical Sanskrit Difference between Bh and Vk www.careerindia.comDifference between language and dialect

Unit - VI (f) Specific Study of Grammar

 Definition : Sahit, Sayoga Gua, Vddhi, Prtipadika, Nad , Ghi, Upadh, Apkta, Gati, Pada, Vibh , Savara, i, Praghya, Sarvanmasthna, Bha , Sarvanma, Nith .  Sandhi - Ac sandhi, Hal sandhi, Visarga sandhi (according to laghusiddhntakaumud)  Subanta – Ajanta - Rma , Sarva (in all genders) , Vivap, Hari , Tri (in all genders) , Sakhi , Sudh , Guru , Pit , Gau , Ram , Mati , Nad , Dhenu , Mt , Jñna , Vri , Madhu .  Halanta - Lih , Vivavh , Catur (in all genders) , Idam, Kim, Tad (in all genders), Rjan , Maghavan , Pathin , Vidvas , Asmad , Yumad .  Samsa - Avyaybhva , Tatpurua , Bahuvrhi , Dvandva (according to laghusiddhntakaumud)  Taddhita - Apatyrthaka and Matvarthya (According to Siddntakaumud ),  Tianta - Bh , Edh , Ad , Us, Hu , Div , uñ , Tud , Tan, K , Rudh , Krñ, Cur .  Prayaynta - Nijant, Sannanta , Yaanta , Yaluganta , Nmdhtu.  Kdanta - Tavya / Tavyat , Anyar , Yat , yat , Kyap , at , nac , Ktv , Kta , Ktavatu , Tumun , amul .  Strpratyaya - According to Laghusiddhntakaumud.  Kraka Prakarana - According to Siddntakaumud .  Parasmaipada and tmanepada Vidhna - According to Siddntakaumud .  Mahbhya (Paspahnika)- Definition of abda, Relation between abda and Artha, Purposes of the study of grammar, Definition of Vykaraa, Result of the proper use of word , Method of grammar .  Vkyapadyam (Brahmaka) - Nature of Sphoa, Nature of abda-Brahma, Powers of abda-Brahma, Relation between Sphoa and Dhvani , Relation between abda and Artha, Types of Dhvani, Levels of Language. Unit - VII Sanskrit Literature, Poetics and Prosody

(a) General Introduction of following  Bhsa, Avaghoa , klidsa, draka, Vikhadatta, Bhravi, Mgha, Hara, Babhaa, Dain, Bhavabhti, Bhaanryaa, Bhilhaa, Shrhara, Ambikdatta vysa, Pandit Kamrao, V. Raghavan, Shri Dhar Bhaskar Varnekar  Schools of Sanskrit Poetics – Rasa, Alakra, Rti, Dhwani, Vakrokti, Aucitya,  Western Poetics – Aristotle, Longinus, Croche

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Unit - VIII

(b) Specific study of the following

 Poetry: Buddhacaritam (First Canto), Raghuvaam (First Canto), Kirtrjunyam (First Canto), iuplavadham (First Canto), Naiadhyacaritam (First Canto)  Drama: Svapnavsavadattm, Abhijñnakuntalam, Mcchakaikam, Uttararmacaritam, Mudrrkasam, Uttararmacaritam, Ratnval  Prose: Daakumracaritam ( viii Ucchvsa), Haracaritam ( V Ucchvsa), Kdambar (ukansopadea)  Camp Kvya - Nala Camp (I Ucchvsa)  Shityadarpaa: Definition of Kvya, Refutation of other definitions of Kvya, abdaakti - Saketagraha; Abhidhś Lakanś Vyanjan, Kvyabheda (Chapter Fourth), ravyakvya (prose poetry and mix)  Kvyaprakaa –

Kvyalakha, Kvyaprayojana, Kvyahetu, Kvyabheda, abdaakti, Abhihitnvayavda, Anvitbhidhnvayavda, concept of Rasa, discussion of Rasastra, Rasadoa, Kvyagua, Vyanjanvriti (Fifth Chapter)

 Alakras – Vakroktiś Anuprsa, Yamaka, lea, Upam, Rpaka, Utprek, Samsokti, Apahnuti, Nidaran, Arthntaranysa, Dnta, Vibhvan, Vieokti, Svabhvokti, Virodhbhsa, Sakara, Sansi  Dhvanyloka (I Udyota)  Vakroktijvitam (I Unmea)  Bharata – Nyastram (First and Sixth Chapter)  Daarpakam (First and Third Praka)  Chanda – ry, Anuup, Indravajr, Upendravajr, Vasantatilak, Upajti, Vaastha, Drutavilambita, lin, Mlin, ikhar, Mandkrnt, Hari, rdlavikrita, Sragdhar

Unit - IX

Puretihsa, Dharmastra and Epigraphy (a) General introduction of the followings:  Rmyaa –

www.careerindia.comSubject matter, age, society in the Rmyaa, Rmyaa as a source of later Sanskrit works and literal value of the Rmyaa, legends in the Rmyaa

 Mahbhrata – Subject matter, age, society in the Mahbhrata, Mahbhrata as a source of later Sanskrit works and literal value of the Mahbhrata, legends in the Mahbhrata

 Pura – Definition of Pura, maha Pura and Upa Puras, Puric cosmology and Puric legends  General introduction of main Smitis.  General introduction Kauilya Arthastra  Paleography – History of the decipherment of Brhm script, Theories of the origin of Brhm Script  Inscriptions - General introduction Unit - X

(b) Specific study of the following  Kauilya arthatra (First – Vinayadikarika)  Manusmti (I, II and VII Adhyyas)  Yjñavalkyasmti (Vyavahrdhyaya only)  Paleography and Inscriptions –  Brahmi Script of Mauryan and Gupta periods  Inscription of Ashoka – Major Rock Edicts, Major Pillar Edicts  Post – Mauryan inscriptions –

Srantha Buddhist Image Inscription of Kanika’s regal – year, 3, Girnr Rock Inscription of Rudradman,

Hthgumph inscription of Khravela

 Gupta and Post-Gupta inscriptions – Allahabad Pillar Inscriptions of Samudragupta, Mandasor Pillar Inscription of Yasodharman, Banskher Copper Plate Inscription of Hara, Aihole Stone Inscription of Pulaken II

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