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e a h l y o . e , d e n e f . 3 ST GEORGE’S CHAPEL s The Knights of the Garter r e The Most Noble Order of the Garter is Britain’s oldest and most w senior order of knighthood. Each Knight has a banner, crest, helmet s

and sword above his stall in the Chapel. In days gone by, a Knight n

displayed his coat of arms on his shield, his banner, the coat he wore A over his armour – even on the coat worn by his horse! d King Edward III n

The missing words are: cloak, fur, Arthur, Knights, sword . a

4 n o

NORTH TERRACE i

Early castles were built to protect major roads, rivers and towns. t The River Thames was the main route for supplies from this part a

of the country to London. It would also have provided an enemy m coming from the east with an easy route inland and so an important r job for the soldiers on watch duty at Windsor Castle was to keep o f a close eye on river traffic. As the Castle was built long before the n town, it was then much easier to see the river than it is now! I The State Apartments The Garter Symbol and Motto The Garter symbol looks like a belt with the cross of St George inside it. It is said that King Edward III chose a garter as the symbol of his new order following a ball where the garter belonging to a lady fell to the floor as she danced. To save her embarrassment he picked it up, tied it to his own leg and said ‘Honi soit qui mal y pense’ meaning ‘Shame on him who thinks evil of this’. He told his courtiers they too would soon be proud to wear such a garter and the words became the motto of the new order and part of its symbol. The Garter symbol is found in many parts of the Castle and a fine example decorates the outside of one of the houses opposite St George’s Chapel. 5 ENGINE COURT The Quadrangle JINGOUST unscrambled becomes JOUSTING ! Tournaments were often held at Windsor and knights came from all over Europe to test their fighting skills. Each contestant was allowed three lances and when these had been broken, the knights dismounted and continued fighting with heavy swords until one of them was beaten. Although blunted weapons were used, knights were sometimes injured or killed. Defending the Keep The items fired or thrown down at the enemy were: boiling oil, hot sand, boiling water, bows and arrows, rocks and stones .

NORMAN GATEWAY 6 Guarding the gates To see the portcullis, find the grooves in the walls and then look up. The picture in the trail shows a portcullis being lowered. The Norman Gate, built in 1360 by King Edward III, was heavily defended because it guarded the entrance to the royal apartments. Lowly prisoners were thrown into the dungeons beneath the gate towers and often forgotten about. Royal prisoners, including at one time the King of France, were treated much better and were allowed to have their own apartments and go hunting in the forest. The Scottish king, David II, was held at Windsor for 11 years at a cost of 3s 4d a day (about 16 ½p) – quite an expense in the 1350s! For almost 300 years the rooms above King Henry VIII Gate, now the visitor exit, included a court room for hearing offences committed locally, as well as several prison cells. Some of the windows were smaller then and had bars fitted across them.