Chapter 7 Lesson 4 Glory, War, and Decline

The Rule of Pericles -Athenians new leader, Pericles, enjoyed a golden age of prosperity and achievement -practiced democratic government

Democracy in Athens -government practiced by Athenians is called direct democracy in which all citizens meet to debate and vote on government matters. -direct democracy worked because of its small number of citizens -ten top officials, elected each year, were known as generals -representative democracy, like our government, citizens elect a smaller group of people to represent them.

Pericles in Charge -after Persian Wars important general in Athens was Pericles -Athens became a center of learning and the arts -Athens was rebuilt -philosophers are thinkers who reflect on the meaning of life

Athenian Life 400 B.C. Athens was largest Greek city-state

Athenian Men and Women -men worked in morning, exercised in afternoon, and went to all male gatherings in the evening -women took care of homes and families -could not attend school, but some learned to read and play music -Aspasia encouraged women to get involved in government

What Was the Role of Slavery in Athens? -most household had at least one slave

The Athenian Economy -farming and trade supported economy

War Between Athens and Sparta -478 B.C. Athens joined other city-states to form defensive league -known as Delian League -first headquarters was on the island of Delos

The Athenian Empire -Delian League failed -became a group of city-states controlled by Athens

War Breaks Out -power of Athens grew, Spartans became alarmed -431 B.C. city-states joined Sparta to fight Athenians in the Peloponnesian War

Pericles’s Funeral Oration -Pericles emphasized that the democratic way of life is worth protecting

Why Did Athens Lose the War? -deadly disease broke out killing 1/3 of people, including Pericles -Sparta built its own navy and cut off their food supply -Athenian empire collapsed

The Effects of the War -governments divided and weak -Macedonia, to the north, wanted more land and Greek city-states lost their independence