Satellite For Rural Broadband

Brainstorming Broadband Developing a Roadmap for India

K Krishna Why Satellite is still relevant for broadband?

Source : Eutelsat

2 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY The simplicity of A satellite Network

Hub or Master Station

Satellite

Satellite Router

3 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Satellite growth in the most wired nations

Over 1.4 million consumers in North America access the Internet via satellite

Source: COMSYS VSAT Report 13th Edition

4 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY HTS & Ka Band: The Game Changer

High Throughput Superior band Smaller Antenna

0.75m / 0.67m antenna Low High Throughput (bits/Hz) Ultra-Wide Transponders

15 times bigger Frequency Reusage 500MHz transponders vs • FSS Satellite: 1~2Gbps (Currently 36MHz prevalent now Available in India) • Highest bandwidth available from a HTS: 100Gbps (Already in use [USA]) • Double the capacity is expected in the next two years

5 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY HTS Satellite Technology

Small/Medium Large Non-Geo Hosted Payload Satellite Satellite Constellation

1 Gbps >100 Gbps+ 1 Tbps+

6 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Sample Bandwidth plans on HTS – Hughes U.S.A

7 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY HTS Satellites Launched to Date

DirecTV SES DirecTV-14 AMC-15 6 Gbps 2.5 Gbps 99° W Avanti Arabsat 105° W HYAS-1 Arabsat-SC 3 Gbps 8 Gbps Avanti 33.5° W 20° E HYAS-2 DirecTV 16 Gbps Hughes DirecTV-11 31° E EchoStar 17 6 Gbps 100+ Gbps 99° W 107° W Inmarsat Eutelsat I-5 F2 KA-SAT 18 Gbps 90 Gbps DirecTV 55° W 9° E Spaceway-2 RSCC Viasat 10 Gbps Express-AM5 WildBlue-1 99° W 5 Gbps 5 Gbps 140° E 111° W

SES AMC-16 Telesat 2 Gbps Anik-F2 85° W 2.5 Gbps 111° W Echostar Echostar 14 1.5 Gbps 119° W 0° 180°

Viasat Thaicom Viasat-1 Ipstar 140 Gbps 45 Gbps 115° W Hughes Spaceway-3 119.5° E 10 Gbps Eutelsat 95° W Eutelsat 3B 6 Gbps SES 3° E Astra-2E Inmarsat .6 Gbps I-5 F1 DirecTV 28° E 18 Gbps Echostar Spaceway-1 62.5° E Echostar 10 10 Gbps 103° W Hispasat 1.5 Gbps Amazonas-3 SES 110° W 18 Gbps Telenor Astra-2F 61° W Thor 7 .6 Gbps DirecTV 7 Gbps 28° E DirecTV-10 1° W RSCC 6 Gbps Express-AM6 103° W 5 Gbps SES 53° E SES Astra-2G Ciel-2 .6 Gbps 3 Gbps DirecTV 28° E 129° W DirecTV-12 6 Gbps Yahsat 103° W Yahsat-1B SES 15 Gbps Astra-5B 52.5° E Satellite Communications & Broadcasting Markets Survey Forecasts to 2023 .6 Gbps © Euroconsult 2014 – Unauthorized Reproduction is a copyright violation 8 H552458 H55245 9/16/2015 9/16/2015 DirecTV HUGHES PROPRIETARY DirecTV-15 28° E 6 Gbps HTS Satellites Launched by 2018

DirecTV SES DirecTV-14 AMC-15 6 Gbps 2.5 Gbps 99° W Avanti Arabsat 105° W HYAS-1 Arabsat-SC Visiona Brazil 3 Gbps 8 Gbps Avanti SGDC 33.5° W 20° E HYAS-2 INSAT DirecTV 80 Gbps 16 Gbps GSAT RSCC Hughes DirecTV-11 75° W 31° E 11 Gbps Express-AM5 EchoStar 17 6 Gbps 74° E 5 Gbps 100+ Gbps Intelsat 140° E 99° W EPIC4 Inmarsat 107° W Inmarsat Eutelsat I-5 F3 I-5 F2 25 to 60 Gbps Gazprom 18° W KA-SAT Yamal-601 18 Gbps 18 Gbps 90 Gbps 178° W 55° W 30 Gbps DirecTV 9° E 49° E Spaceway-2 Arabsat China Satcom NBN Eutelsat Viasat 10 Gbps Badr-7 Chinasat-16 NBN-1A 172B WildBlue-1 99° W 24 Gbps 13 Gbps 45 Gbps 1.8 Gbps 5 Gbps 26° E TurKsat 110.5° E 140° E 172° E 111° W Eutelsat Spacecom Turksat-4b Eutelsat 65WA Amos-6 2 Gbps SES 36 Gbps 18 Gbps 50° E AMC-16 65° W 4° W Telesat 2 Gbps Anik-F2 85° W 2.5 Gbps Intelsat 111° W IS33e Echostar 25 to 60 Gbps Echostar 14 Star One 60° E 1.5 Gbps D1 119° W 25 Gbps 84° W 0° 180°

Viasat Viasat-2 250 Gbps 89° W Intelsat Intelsat IS35e EPIC5 Viasat Avanti Thaicom Viasat-1 HYAS-3 25 to 60 Gbps 25 to 60 Gbps Telesat 34.5° E 64° E Ipstar 140 Gbps Vantage 6 Gbps 45 Gbps 115° W Hughes 22.5° E Spaceway-3 6 Gbps 119.5° E 10 Gbps 15° W Eutelsat 95° W Eutelsat 3B 6 Gbps SES Astra-2E 3° E Inmarsat SES - Ka .6 Gbps I-5 F1 28° E SES-12 DirecTV 18 Gbps 4 Gbps Echostar Spaceway-1 62.5° E 95° E Echostar 10 10 Gbps Hispasat 103° W Hispasat 1.5 Gbps Amazonas-3 Hispasat-1F SES NBN 110° W 18 Gbps 3 Gbps Telenor Astra-2F NBN-1A 61° W 30° W Thor 7 .6 Gbps 45 Gbps DirecTV 7 Gbps 28° E SES - Ku 145° E DirecTV-10 1° W RSCC SES-12 6 Gbps Express-AM6 25 Gbps 103° W 5 Gbps 95° E Hispasat SES Amazonas-4B Intelsat 53° E SES IS29e Astra-2G Ciel-2 11 Gbps Intelsat .6 Gbps 61° W 25 to 60 Gbps 3 Gbps DirecTV 50° W EPIC6 28° E 129° W DirecTV-12 25 to 60 Gbps 1° W Hughes 6 Gbps Yahsat EchoStar 19 103° W Yahsat-1B 150 Gbps SES 15 Gbps 109° W Astra-5B 52.5° E Satellite Communications & Broadcasting Markets Survey Forecasts to 2023 .6 Gbps © Euroconsult 2014 – Unauthorized Reproduction is a copyright violation 9 H552459 H55245 9/16/2015 9/16/2015 DirecTV HUGHES PROPRIETARY DirecTV-15 28° E 6 Gbps HTS: Maximizing HTS Cost Efficiencies

Always Drive to the Lowest Cost per Bit

$$

$

Increased Efficiencies

10 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY HTS: Expanding the Application Set

Cost Efficiencies are Driving an Expanding Set of Applications

11 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Expanding the Application Set

HTS is Well Suited for Cellular Backhaul  Good economics—even for data  Latency/jitter performance is essential  3G/LTE acceleration improves user experience

Small Cell Technology

• Low Cost • Low Power Consumption • Easy to Install

VSAT Technology

• Low Cost Batter y • Low Power Consumption Bank • Easy to Install

12 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Expanding the Application Set

Mobility Is a Natural Application Aeronautical

Technical Challenges  Physical layer adaptation to handle terminal movement, Doppler, and timing  Multiple transport gateways, each supporting multiple beams  Common mobility network access point to the Internet  Single NMS manages entire system

13 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY HTS and Hughes

14 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Most Flexible HTS System

15 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY JUPITER 1 (EchoStar® XVII) System

Service Launch: October 2012

 North America consumer service  Fifteen gateways serving the US and Canada  Sixty total spot beams  ~ 100 Gbps capacity

16 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY JUPITER 2 (EchoStar® XIX) System

Launch Q2 2016  HughesNet Consumer Internet Service  Capacity >200 Gbps  120+ user beams – US – Canada – Central America

17 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Hughes Brazil HTS System

High-Throughput Capacity on the EUTELSAT 65 West A Satellite for Broadband in Brazil

 Consumer broadband services in Brazil  Service launch 2016  Leveraging US experience and local expertize  Preparation in full swing – Distribution agreements – OSS/BSS development – Gateway deployment

18 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Indian Economy - Powered by Satellite

100,000 terminals in Bank ATMs; INDUSTRY 4 Billion ATM transactions annually

Networking the $1.5 Trillion Equity Market

Passing out 10% of all Ivy League Satellite MBA students

> 1000 Movies distributed annually; piracy reduction GOVT. RURAL 30,000 Villages empowered by e-Governance

19 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY India - Growth Scenario

Consumer Broadband, BharatNet, IoT, POLICY 4G Backhaul INFLECTION POINT

KA-BAND, Banking, e-Gov, Digital REVISED Cinema, e-Learning, SME SATCOM POLICY, HTS, MULTIPLE KU-BAND OPEN SKIES SATELLITES, Rs. 250/Kbps ERP, Stock ATM, Oil & Gas, Rs. 2,500/Kbps Broking, E-Mail Lottery BUSINESS AS EXT-C INSAT- ADVENT OF KU- USUAL ONLY BAND, FOREIGN CAPACITY SATELLITES Rs. 50,000/Kbps Rs. 5,000/Kbps

20 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Who needs Communications Satellites in India

ENTERPRISE HIGH SPEED RURAL SERVICES BROADBAND (250,000 units, growing by 5% (~ 60% still unconnected) annually on average)*

CELLULAR BACKHAUL WI-FI SERVICES (Emerging 4G rollouts to (~200mn wireless devices benefit hugely) currently. India's population in the age group 10-25yrs is 350 mn)

MOBILITY ULTRA HDTV (~900mn mobile users (Bring in 4K broadcasting with 150mn internet platform) subscriptions)*

21 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Exclusive Satellite Addressable Sites – Digital India

Total % feasible Estimated Region States GPs by Fibre VSAT Sites North-East 7 Sister States & Sikkim 11960 25% 8970 Maoist Affected 26 Districts in 8 States 7433 0 7433 J&K, Jharkhand, Hilly States Uttarakhand 14572 25% 10929 Islands A&N, Lakshadweep 79 0 79 Other States Remote areas in mainland 211336 95% 10567 Total VSAT Sites 37,978

Satellite Can also play significant role beyond these sites in quick rollout before Dec 2016 deadline where Fiber laying will take time

22 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY India satellite bandwidth rates are 284 times of the prevalent rates in USA/elsewhere

Serial VSAT provider USA VSAT provider INDIA (I) Download Mbps 15 Mbps 1 Mbps (II) Upload Mbps 2 Mbps 0.3 Mbps (III) GB capacity per month 40 GB 32 GB (IV) Monthly cost USD 129 USD 670 USD

Total Bandwidth Mbps (D+U) (V) 17 Mbps 1.3 Mbps [ROW(I) +ROW(II)]

USA Bandwidth/India Bandwidth factor (VI) 13.1 [(ROW V) USA / (ROW V) INDIA]

Monthly INDIA price/USA price (VII) 5.2 [ROW(IV) INDIA / ROW{IV) USA]

GB capacity plan factor USA/INDIA (VIII) 1.25 [ROW(III) USA/ROW(III) INDIA]

(IX) PPP factor USA/INDIA 3.33

ADJUSTED INDIA price/USA price factor [ROW(VI) x ROW(VII) x ROW(VIII)* ROW(IX)] 284

23 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY Hughes Proposal for India

 Hughes has proposed to the Indian Government to put up a High Throughput Satellite for India at an investment of $500 Million  We have been waiting for Governmental approvals for last seven years  In the short term ease out the space segment procurement norms so that we can exploit the quick deployment advantage of the satellite

24 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY 25 H55245 9/16/2015 HUGHES PROPRIETARY