akats (nick, cut; flaw, error), akets (blunt, unsharp), akuilu (sting, spike), akara (spikenard) PIE: *ak'- (sharp, peak) Proto-Celtic: *ākus (sharp), *akuīlios (drill, peg), *eks-ākis (unsharp, blunt) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Irish 'áith' (sharp), Gaelic 'eag' (nick, notch), Welsh 'ebill', Breton 'eok' (blunt). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'acutus', 'acus', 'aculeus', Toch. B 'akwatse' (sharp), Eng. 'edge'. Romance: Spanish 'agudo' (acute), 'aguja' (needle), 'aguijón' (sting). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. alde (side; area, region), aldamen (side), aldapa (slope, incline; hill, hillock), aldats (slope) PIE: *al- (to raise) Proto-Celtic: *altā (hill, cliff), *alton (bank, hillside) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'alto-'. Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'alt' (way; shore), Welsh 'allt' (hill-side), Breton 'aod' (coast, shore). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'altus' (high). Romance: Cantabrian 'alta' (summit, range, ridge), Asturian 'altu' (summit, peak). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. andere (lady) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *anderā (damsel) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'andera' (heifer, young woman), 'anderon' (calf). Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'ainder', Irish 'ainnir' (virgin), Welsh 'anner' (heifer), Breton 'annoar'. Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: Asturian 'andera' (calf), Cantabrian 'andoscu' (young lamb), 'andresca' (young sheep). Source: N/A aran, okaran (sloe, plum), arantza (thorn) PIE: *ag-, *h1eh3go- (fruit, berry) ? Proto-Celtic: *agrīnio, *agrīnia, *arjanio-, *agrīnā (sloe), *agron- (berries)

Continental Celtic: Hispano-Celtic 'agraniō-' (sloe), Gaulish 'agrīnion-'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'áirne' (sloe), Welsh 'eirin' (plum), 'aeron' (berry), Breton 'irin' (sloe). Indo-European cognates: Gothic 'akran' (fruit), Old Norse 'akarn', Russian 'jagoda' (berry). Romance: Gascon 'aranhon', Aragonese 'arañon', 'arán', Spanish 'arándano', Galician 'agruño'. Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. ardo, ardau, arno (wine) PIE: *ardhw-? Proto-Celtic: N/A Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: N/A Indo-European cognates: Albanian 'hardhi' (< *ardhi) (vine), Armenian 'vorth' (< *ort) (vine). Romance: N/A Source: Old Indo-European. argi (light; clear, bright), argal (thin, slim, weak) PIE: *arg'-, *h2erg'o-, *h2erg'i- (white, shining) Proto-Celtic: *arganton (silver), *argion (snow) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'arganto-', Celtiberian 'arkanta'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'airgead' (silver), Welsh 'ariant' (silver), Breton 'archant' (silver). Indo-European cognates: Greek 'argos', 'argeis' (light, bright), Tocharian A 'ārki' (light, white). Romance: Aragonese, Catalan, French 'argent' (silver) (< Latin 'argentum'). Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. arrano (eagle) PIE: *or-, *h3orno- (big bird, eagle) Proto-Celtic: *erur-, *eruros Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Irish 'iolar', Welsh 'eryr', Breton 'erer'. Indo-European cognates: Eng. 'erne', Gothic 'ara', Dutch 'arend', Greek 'orneon', Hittite 'haran'. Romance: N/A Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. arraun, erramu (oar)

PIE: *ere-, *rē- Proto-Celtic: *rawm-, *ramw- ? *rāman (spade, oar) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Irish 'rámha', Old Irish 'rame', Welsh 'rhaw' (spade), Breton 'roeñv'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'remus' (< *resmus), English 'to row' , Greek 'eretmos' (oar). Romance: Gascon 'rama', 'rema', Spanish 'remo', French 'rame', Occitan 'rem', Asturian 'remu'. Source: Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish. bago, pago (beech) PIE: *bheh2go- Proto-Celtic: *bago- ? Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'bāgos'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'féa', 'fáibhile', 'fagh', Welsh 'ffawydd', Breton 'favenn'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'fagus', English 'beech', Russian 'buk', Albanian 'bung' (oak). Romance: Gascon 'hac', 'hai', 'hau', Asturian 'faya', 'ĥaya', Aragonese 'fabo', 'fau', 'fayo'. Source: Celtic+Latin, Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. bargo (growing pig, shoat) PIE: *bhera- (to harm, to beat) / *pork'(o)- (farrow, pig) / *pArg'- (bull, boar, ram) Proto-Celtic: N/A / *orkos / N/A Continental Celtic: Lusitanian 'porcom', 'porgom' (pig). ? Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'orc' (young pig). Indo-European cognates: English 'barrow' (castrated pig), 'Dutch 'barg', Old Norse 'bœrgr'. Romance: Cantabrian 'burcil' (pigsty), 'purcio' (lamb with a fat belly). Source: Germanic, Old Indo-European. berro (hedge, fence) PIE: *gwerw- (tree, stick, spear) Proto-Celtic: *beru (stake, spit) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Irish 'bior', Welsh 'bêr', Breton 'ber'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'veru' (spiked railing). Romance: N/A Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Late Latin. berun (lead, plumb) PIE: *bhel- (light, bright) Proto-Celtic: *belo- (bright) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'belenos' (god of light), 'belisama' (another god). Insular Celtic: Irish 'béal-taine' (bright fire). Indo-European cognates: Norwegian 'bly' (lead), Swedish 'bleck' (tin), Russian 'bielyj' (white). Romance: N/A Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. bigun (soft, tender, mild) PIE: *bheug- / *bhūg- (to bend) Proto-Celtic: *buggo- (soft) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'buccos', Gallic Latin 'bugillō' (a plant). Insular Celtic: Irish 'bog' (soft), Breton 'bouk' (mild). Indo-European cognates: English 'bow' (< *bugon). Romance: N/A Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. birrin (bran) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *bregno-, *bragno- (foul) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'brennos' (manure; rotten), Gallic Latin 'brinna'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'bréan' (rancid), Welsh 'braen' (rotten), Breton 'brein' (putrid). Indo-European cognates: English 'bran' (via French). Romance: Old French 'bren' (bran, filth), French 'bran', Italian 'brenno', Gascon 'bren'. Source: Vulgar Latin, Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Romance. burdin, burni (iron) PIE: *bhers-, *bhors- (iron, copper, bronze) ? Proto-Celtic: N/A Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: N/A Indo-European cognates: Latin 'ferrum' (iron), English 'brass'. Romance: Spanish 'hierro', Ast. 'fierru', 'ĥierru', Gascon 'hèr', Aragonese 'fierro', French 'fer'. Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. dundu (blue; dark, cloudy)

PIE: *dhūbh-, *dhuh2m- (smoke) Proto-Celtic: *dubu- (black) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'dubis'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'dubh' (black), Welsh 'du' (black), Breton 'du' (black, dark). Indo-European cognates: Latin fūmus (smoke), Greek thumos (smoke), English dusk. Romance: N/A Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. durunda (thunder; din), durundi (din; echo) PIE: *tonŗ-, *taron- (thunder) Proto-Celtic: *taran-, *toron- Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'taranus' (god of thunder), Celtiberian 'turuntas' (a placename). Insular Celtic: Irish 'torann', 'toraind' (thunder, noise), Gaelic 'torrunn', Welsh 'taran' (thunder). Indo-European cognates: English 'thunder', Latin 'tonitrus', Thracian 'thurd-', Persian 'tundar'. Romance: Spanish 'trueno', 'estruendo' (din), Asturian 'tonadríu', French 'tonnerre'. Source: Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish, Old Indo-European. elai, enara, ainara (swallow) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *wannālā, *wennālā, *wandelā Continental Celtic: Gallic Latin 'vanellus' (lapwing). Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'ainnel', 'fannall', Welsh 'gwennol', Breton 'gwennili'. Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: French 'vanneau', Galician 'anduriña', Asturian 'alandrina', 'andarina', 'andolina'. Source: N/A elge (plowable field) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *olkā (arable land) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'olca' (plowable field), Celtiberian 'olokas'. Insular Celtic: N/A Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: Galician 'olga' (plot), Asturian 'güelga' (bog), French 'ouche' (garden). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Romance. erbi (hare), erbinude (weasel) PIE: *h1er- Proto-Celtic: *erbā, *erbis Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'erb', 'erp', 'eirp' (she-goat, doe, roe), 'erc' (cow), Gaelic 'earb' (roe). Indo-European cognates: Greek 'eriphos' (young goat, kid), Latin 'ariēs', Lith. 'ėriukas' (lamb). Romance: N/A Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. erreka (river; ravine; furrow) PIE: *(e)reik- (to scratch) Proto-Celtic: *rīka Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'rica' (furrow). Insular Celtic: Gaelich 'riach' (graze), Welsh 'rhych', Breton 'regenn' (row). Indo-European cognates: English 'row' (< *raihwaz). Romance: Galician 'rega' (furrow), Asturian 'regatu' (brook, beck), Gascon arrega (furrow). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. erro (root; hinge; udder's teat; tentacle), errape (udder) PIE: *h3ersos Proto-Celtic: *erros (tail, arse), *ersā Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'err' (hinder-part, end, point, tail), Irish 'earr' (end, extremity, tail). Indo-European cognates: English 'arse', Scots 'ers' (arse), Greek 'orros' (rump, sacrum). Romance: N/A Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. eta (and) PIE: *eti (beyond, over) Proto-Celtic: *eti (and) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'eti', 'etic' (Old Spanish 'engorar' (to brood). Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. garau(n) (grain, seed), gari (wheat), garagar (barley)

PIE: *g'er[a]n-, *grān, *g'rh2no- (grain)

Proto-Celtic: *grānon Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'grán', Welsh 'grawn', Breton 'greun'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'grānum', English 'corn', 'grain' (via French), Armenian 'gari'. Romance: Asturian 'granu', 'grau', Galician 'grao', 'gran', Gascon 'gran', 'granh', 'gron', 'grun'. Source: Celtic+Latin, Latin, Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Romance, Old Indo-European. garbi (clean, pure, clear), garden (transparent, clear) PIE: *g'hel- (to shine) Proto-Celtic: *glanos (clean, pure), *gelos, *glēwos (clear, bright), *glanī (crystal, glass) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'glanos'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'geal' (white), 'glan', 'glé' (bright), Welsh 'golau' (light), Breton 'glan'. Indo-European cognates: English 'gleam', 'glimmer', glow', 'glitter', 'glass', 'yellow' (< *gelwaz). Romance: N/A Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. garrasi (scream, shout, cry) PIE: *g'ār- (to call, to cry, voice, exclamation), *garə, *grā-/grē- (to shout) Proto-Celtic: *garit (call), *gāri- (cry), *garō (speak) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'gáir' (cry, shout), Gaelic 'gàir' (shout, outcry), Welsh 'gawr' (clamour). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'garrio' (to chatter), Eng. 'garrulous', Lith. 'garsas' (sound, cry) Romance: N/A Source: Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish. garratz (acid, bitter; rough) PIE: *gher- (rough) Proto-Celtic: *gargos, *garwos Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'gargos' (wild; bitter), 'garvos' (rough). Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'garg' (fierce, angry; bitter), 'garb' (rough), Welsh 'garw', Breton 'garv'. Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: N/A Source: Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish. gereta, kereta (gate, hurdle) PIE: *k'ley- (to lean) Proto-Celtic: *klētā

Continental Celtic: Gallic Latin 'clēta'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'cliath' (hurdle), Welsh 'clwyd' (gate), Breton 'kloued' (gate, barrier). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'clīnāre' (to incline), English 'lean' (< *χlinen). Romance: Gascon 'cleta', Aragonese 'cleta', French 'claie'. Source: Vulgar Latin, Romance, Gascon. gezi (arrow, dart) PIE: *ghaisos Proto-Celtic: N/A Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'gaisos' (javelin), Gallic Latin 'gaesum' (javelin). Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'gae', 'gaán' (javelin, spear), 'gaisced' (armour), Irish 'ga' (dart, javelin). Indo-European cognates: Old English gār (spear), Old Norse geirr (spear), Greek khaĩos (crook). Romance: N/A Source: Latin, Gaulish. gona (skirt) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: N/A Continental Celtic: Gallic Latin 'gunna' (leather garment, fur). Insular Celtic: Welsh 'gŵn' (robe). Indo-European cognates: English 'gown', Greek 'gouna' (coarse garment). Romance: Italian 'gonna' (skirt), Old French 'goune' (fur coat), Old Spanish 'gona' (skirt). Source: Late Latin, Old Spanish. gorosti (holly), goroldio (moss) PIE: *k'el-, *k'ol- (to prick) Proto-Celtic: *kolenno-, *kolinos (holly), *kolgos (beard of corn) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'collis', 'collinos' (holly). Insular Celtic: Irish 'cuileann', Gaelic 'cuilionn', Welsh 'celyn' , 'colyn' (sting), Breton 'kelenn'. Indo-European cognates: OCS 'kolja' (to prick), Russian 'kolos' (spike), English 'holly'. Romance: Sardinian 'golóstru', 'golóstri', 'colóstiu', 'golósti' (holly), Asturian 'coleñu' (a plant). Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. gorta, korta (pasture; sheepfold, enclosure, stable) PIE: *g'hort- Proto-Celtic: *gortos (enclosure), *gortia (hedge) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Irish 'gort' (field, croft), Welsh 'garth' (hill, enclosure), Breton 'garzh' (hedge). Indo-European cognates: English 'garden', Greek 'khórtos' (enclosure), Latin 'hortus' (garden). Romance: Spanish 'cuadra' ( < 'quadra'), Gascon 'cort' ( < 'cohortem'), Occ. 'gòrça'. Source: Celtic+Latin, Vulgar Latin, Hispano-Celtic. guda, gudu (battle, war) PIE: *gwhen- (to strike, to slay, to kill) Proto-Celtic: *goni, *gonô Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Gaelic 'gon', Irish 'goin', 'gonadh' (wounding). Indo-European cognates: Old English 'gūð', Old Norse 'guðr', German 'gund-' (<*gunþiz). Romance: N/A Source: Germanic, Old Indo-European. gurdi (cart) PIE: *k'ers-, *k'ors (to run) Proto-Celtic: *karros (cart) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'carros', Gallic Latin 'carrus'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'carr', Welsh 'car', Breton 'karr'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'currus' (cart), English 'horse' (< *hursa), Tocharian A 'kursär'. Romance: Spanish 'carro'. Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. hagin (yew tree) PIE: *h1eiw- (yew tree) Proto-Celtic: *iwos, *iwo-, *iwā-, *eburo-, *eburā- Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'ivo-', 'eburo-'. Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'iva-', 'eó', Welsh 'ywen', Old Cornish 'hiugin', Old Breton 'iuguin'. Indo-European cognates: English 'yew' (< *īhwaz). Romance: French 'if'. Source: Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish. haltz (alder) PIE: *h2elis- Proto-Celtic: N/A Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'alisa', 'alisia'. Insular Celtic: N/A Indo-European cognates: English 'alder' (<*aluz, *aliz), Dutch 'els', Lithuanian 'alksnis'. Romance: Spanish 'aliso', French 'aulne' (alder), 'alise', 'alisier' (whitebeam), Gascon 'aliquèr'. Source: Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish, Germanic, Old Indo-European. harlauza, lauza (flagstone, tile), legar (pebble, gravel) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *laws-, *lekkā Continental Celtic: Hispano-Celtic 'lausa', Gaulish 'lausa', Gallic Latin 'lausia' (stone). Insular Celtic: Irish 'leac' (flagstone), 'lia' (stone), Cornish 'legh' (flat stone), Welsh 'llech' (slate). Indo-European cognates: Greek 'lãas' (stone), 'lãigx' (pebble), Dutch 'lei' (slate). Romance: Gascon 'lausa', Galician 'lousa', Spanish 'losa', French 'losange' (rhombus, diamond). Source: Vulgar Latin, Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish, Gascon. hartz (bear) PIE: *h2rtk'os Proto-Celtic: *artos, *arktos ? Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'artos', 'art(i)-'. Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'art', Welsh 'arth', Breton 'arzh'. Indo-European cognates: Greek 'arktos', Sansk. 'rksa', Armenian 'arž', Persian 'khers', Oss. 'arš'. Romance: Spanish 'oso', Aragonese 'onso', Gascon 'ors', French 'ours' ( < Latin 'ursus'). Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. izokin (salmon) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *esok-, *esoks (salmon, river fish) Continental Celtic: Gallic Latin 'esox', 'esocis' (a fish from the Rhine). Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'eó', 'íach' (salmon), Welsh 'eog', Breton 'eog', Old Cornish 'ehoc'. Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: Asturian 'esguín' (small river fish, young trout, young salmon). Source: N/A kai (harbour, wharf) PIE: *kaghyo- Proto-Celtic: *kagyon (pen, enclosure) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'caio' (enclosure), Gallic Latin 'caium' (hedge). Insular Celtic: Welsh 'cae' (hedge), Breton 'kae' (enclosure). Indo-European cognates: English 'hedge' (< *hagjō). Romance: French 'quai', Gascon 'cai'. Source: Gascon, Vulgar Latin, Gaulish. karra egin (to run), karraka (running), karrada (race), garraio/karraio (transport) PIE: *k'ers- (to run) Proto-Celtic: *karr- (to run), *karros (cart) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'carros', Gallic Latin 'carrus'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'carr', Welsh 'car', Breton 'karr'. Indo-European cognates: English 'carry', 'carriage' (via French). Romance: Cantabrian 'carreju' (corridor), Gascon 'carrei' (transport), 'carratejar' (to transport). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Romance. lei (ice, frost) PIE: *leg'- (to leak, to wet) Proto-Celtic: N/A Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'legaid' (melt, thaw), Irish 'leáigh', Welsh 'llaith' (moist), Breton 'leizh'. Indo-European cognates: English 'leak', 'leach', Albanian 'lag' (to wet). Romance: N/A Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. lerde (spit, spittle), lertzo (spittle, slime), lerra (slippery), lirdinga (slime), lei (ice, frost) PIE: *lei- (to flow, to pour) / *(s)lei- (slime, slimy, sticky, slippery) Proto-Celtic: *liros (sea), *linnis (pool), *linnu (liquid), *līmā (flood) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'ler' (sea), Welsh 'llŷr' (sea), 'llif' (stream, flow), Breton 'livad' (flood). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'libare' (to pour), 'limus' (mud), Lith. 'lietus' (rain), Russian 'litj'. Romance: Old Galician 'ler' (sea, seashore). Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. leka (wet; slime), lekeda (glue, slime), lika-lika (viscous), likatsu (viscous), likits (dirt) PIE: *(s)lei- (slime, slimy, sticky, slippery) ? Proto-Celtic: *legetā (glue, dregs) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'lega', 'liga' (slime). Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'lige' (litter), Welsh 'llai' (dirt), Breton 'le'chid' (slime), Old Breton 'leh'. Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: Spanish 'lía' (dregs), 'légamo' (slime). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. leun (soft, tender, mild; flat, plain, smooth) PIE: *lēn- (soft, lazy) / *(s)lēg- (soft, weak) Proto-Celtic: *lēnos (soft) / *adligenos (soft) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'lían', 'áilgen' (mild, soft), Irish 'áilghean' (soft). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'lēnis' (soft), 'laxus', OCS 'lĕnŭ' (lazy), Lith. 'lénas' (slow, calm). Romance: N/A Source: Celtic+Latin, Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Latin. maite izan (to love) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *mati- ,*matu- (good) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'mati', 'mat-', 'matu-' (good). Insular Celtic: Irish 'maith' (good), Welsh 'mad' (good, fair), Breton 'mat' (good). Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: N/A Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. mando (mule; esterile; big) PIE: *mndo-, *mndeh2- Proto-Celtic: *mand- (young animal, kid) Continental Celtic: Gaulish '-mandua' (in anthroponyms). Insular Celtic: Welsh 'man' (spot), Old Irish 'mennar' (blemish). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'mannus' (poney), 'menda' (blemish), Alb. 'mëz' (colt). Romance: Asturian 'manera' (esterile cow), 'mañeru' (esterile), Romanian 'mânz' (colt). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. mantar (shirt), mantal (apron, gown) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *manatlon (sheaf) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'mantlon' (covering), Vulgar Latin 'mantum', 'mantellum' (cloak). Insular Celtic: Breton 'malan' (sheaf), 'mantell' (cloak), Cornish 'manal' (sheaf). Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: Spanish 'manta' (blanket), 'manto' (cloak), 'mantel' (tablecloth). Source: Gaulish, Vulgar Latin, Hispano-Celtic. mardo (plump, lusty), mardul (big, thick, plump, lusty)

PIE: *mē-, *mō- Proto-Celtic: *māros (great) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'maros' (great). Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'már', Irish 'mór', Welsh 'mawr', Breton 'meur'. Indo-European cognates: English 'more', Old English 'mǽre' (famous), OCS '-měrŭ' (great).

Romance: Galician 'marulo' (< *mārullu). Source: Romance, Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. me(h)a (ore), me(h)atze (mine) PIE: *(s)mei- Proto-Celtic: *mēnā Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'mena'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'méin', 'mianach' (ore, mine), Welsh 'mwyn' (mine), Cornish 'moen' (ore). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'mina'. Romance: Asturian 'mena' (mine). Source: Celtic+Latin, Gaulish, Vulgar Latin. meleka (sweet) PIE: *melh1-it- (honey) Proto-Celtic: *meli (honey) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'mela', 'meli-'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'mil', Welsh 'mêl', Breton 'mel'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'mel', Greek 'meli'. Romance: Spanish, French 'miel', Gascon 'mèu', Galician 'mel'. Source: Celtic+Latin, Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Latin, Romance, Old Indo-European. mende (century, time; dominion)

PIE: *mēd- (measure, time)

Proto-Celtic: *mantī (size) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'menti', 'manti'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'méid', 'méad' (amount), Welsh 'maint' (size), Breton 'ment' (greatness). Indo-European cognates: English 'month', 'measure', Latin 'mensis' (month), Greek 'metron'. Romance: Spanish 'medir', 'mes', Asturian 'manta' (great amount), Gascon 'mant(a)' (amount). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. mendi (mountain) PIE: *men-, *mon- Proto-Celtic: *monijo- Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Brythonic 'monid', Welsh 'mynydd', Cornish 'meneth', Breton 'menez'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'mons', 'montis'. Romance: Spanish 'monte', Cantabrian 'monti', Gascon 'mont', 'montina'. Source: Celtic+Latin, Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. moko (beak), beko (face, forehead) PIE: *bak- (peg) ? Proto-Celtic: *bakk- (hook) / *beklos (beak) / *bikkos (small) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'beccos'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'bac' (stick, crook), 'beag' (small), Welsh 'bych' (small), Breton 'beg'. Indo-European cognates: English 'beak' (via French), 'peg' (< *pig-) Romance: Italian 'becco', Galician 'bico' (beak, kiss), French 'bec', Gascon 'bèc'. Source: Gaulish, Vulgar Latin. muino (hill, mound, hillock) PIE: *mon- (to jut, to project) Proto-Celtic: *monijo- (elevation), *monion (mountain pass), *monowiā (bush, scrub, thicket) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Old Welsh 'menevia', Gaelic 'monadh', 'muine', Max 'muinney'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'mons', 'montis'. Romance: Spanish 'monte', Cantabrian 'monti', Gascon 'mont', 'montina'. Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. nagusi (lord, master, boss; main, principal, chief) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *nabos (lord) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Welsh 'naf' (lord). Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: N/A Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. orkatz (roe, roedeer, roebuck) PIE: *york(')- Proto-Celtic: *yorkos, *iorkas (goat, deer) ? Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'iorkos'. Insular Celtic: Irish 'iuchair' (roe), Welsh 'iwrch' (roebuck), Cornish 'yorgh' (roedeer). Indo-European cognates: Ancient Greek 'dorkas', 'dorks', 'dorkos', 'iorkos' (deer). Romance: N/A Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. pertz (cauldron) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *kwarios (cauldron) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'parios', 'pairos' ? Insular Celtic: Irish 'coire' (boiler), Welsh 'pair' (cauldron, boiler), Cornish 'per' (crock, big jar). Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: Occitan 'pairòl', Gascon 'peiròla', 'peiròu', Catalan 'perol', Spanish 'perola'. Source: Gaulish. pitika (small goat), pitin (small) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *kwit- (tip, point) ? Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'pitt-', Gallic Latin 'pitinnus', 'pitulus' (tiny). Insular Celtic: Welsh 'pid' (tip), Breton 'pizh' (minutious). Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: Gascon 'petit', 'petiton', Occitan 'pichon', 'pichin', 'pichòt'. Source: Gaulish, Vulgar Latin, Romance, Gascon. praka (trousers) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *brakka Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'braca', Gallic Latin 'braca'. Insular Celtic: N/A Indo-European cognates: English 'breeches' (<*brokiz). Romance: Spanish 'braga' (underpants), French 'braies', Gascon 'bragas'. Source: Latin, Gaulish. sasi (thicket, bush) PIE: *sas- (cereals) Proto-Celtic: *sasion (barley) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'sassia', 'sasiam' (barley). Insular Celtic: Welsh 'haidd' (barley), Cornish 'heydh' (barley), Breton 'heiz' (barley). Indo-European cognates: Sanskrit 'sasya' (corn, plant), 'sasa' (grass). Romance: Old Occitan 'saisa', Catalan 'xeixa' (wheat). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. tegi (barn, shed; place) PIE: *(s)teg- (to cover) Proto-Celtic: *teg- (house) Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'tegos', 'tegia', 'sutegos' (pigtsy), 'boutegos' (cow shed). Insular Celtic: Irish 'teach' (house), Old Irish 'teg'/'tige', Welsh 'ty', Old Breton 'teg'/'tig'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'tegere' (to cover), 'tectus' (covered), English 'thatch'. Romance: Romansch 'tegia' (hut, shed), Spanish 'techo' (roof). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. traka (manners, poise; gesture; aspect, figure), trakets (clumsy, awkward; scruffy, neglected) PIE: *dŗk'-, *derk'- (to look) Proto-Celtic: *drkā, *drik- (a look, facial expression; aspect; outlook) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Irish 'dreach' (facial exp.), Welsh 'drych' (sight; mirror), Breton 'derch' (aspect). Indo-European cognates: Greek 'derkomai' (to see), Sanskrit 'drsta' (looked at). Romance: Gascon 'traca' (kind, ilk; a look). Source: Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish, Gascon. ui (pitch, tar) PIE: *gwe-tu- Proto-Celtic: *bīwā , *bitu Continental Celtic: Gaulish 'bitu'. Insular Celtic: Old Irish 'bí', 'bigh' (pitch, resin, glue), Gaelic bìth (tar, pitch). Indo-European cognates: Latin 'bitūmen' (pitch), Eng. 'cud', Ger. 'Kitt' (putty), Sans. 'jata' (lac). Romance: Spanish 'betún' (bitumen). Source: Gaulish, Hispano-Celtic. urki, burki (birch)

PIE: *bhereg'-, *bhrāg'-, *bherh1go- (birch) Proto-Celtic: N/A Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: N/A Indo-European cognates: English 'birch', Sanskrit 'bhūrja', Norwegian 'björk', Tajik 'burz'. Romance: N/A Source: Germanic, Old Indo-European. urre (gold) PIE: *aus-, *h2ews- (dawn, yellow) Proto-Celtic: *wāri (dawn, sunrise) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Irish 'ór', Welsh 'aur', Breton 'aour' (< Latin), Old Irish 'fáir', Welsh 'gwawr'. Indo-European cognates: Latin 'aurum' (gold), Tocharian 'wsi' (yellow). Romance: Spanish 'oro', Asturian 'oru', Gascon 'aur'. Source: Celtic+Latin, Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European, Latin, Romance. zilar (silver; bright, pure, clean) PIE: *silebhr-, *silubhr- (silver) Proto-Celtic: N/A Continental Celtic: Celtiberian 'silabur'. Insular Celtic: N/A Indo-European cognates: English 'silver' (< *silubr), Russian 'sieriebro', Lithuanian 'sidabras'. Romance: N/A Source: Hispano-Celtic, Old Indo-European. zorri (louse) PIE: N/A Proto-Celtic: *soros (louse) Continental Celtic: N/A Insular Celtic: Irish 'sor', 'sar', Welsh 'hor'. Indo-European cognates: N/A Romance: N/A Source: Hispano-Celtic, Gaulish.